2015~2017年英语高考全国卷“七选五”阅读理解试题分析
17-15年全国卷7选5题真题专练

精心整理2017-2015阅读理解7选5真题2017全国卷Ⅰ,10分话题:野营词数:288IfanyonehadtoldmethreeyearsagothatIwouldbespendingmostofmyweekendscamping,Iwouldhavelaughedh eartily.Campers,inmyeyes,werepeoplewhoenjoyedinsectbites,ill-cookedmeals,anduncomfortablesleepingb ags.Theyhadnothingincommonwithme.1Thefriendswhointroducedmetocampingthoughtthatitmeanttobeapioneer.2Wesleptinatent,cookedoveranope nfire,andwalkedalongdistancetotaketheshowerandusethebathroom.ThisbriefvisitwithMotherNaturecostme twodaysofffromwork,recoveringfromabadcaseofsunburnandthedoctor ’sbillformyson ’sfoodpoisoning.3Instead,wehadapop-upcamperwithcomfortablebedsandanairconditioner.Mynature-lovingfriendshadreme4Wehavedonealotofitsince.Recently,weboughtatwenty-eight-foottraveltrailercompletewithabathroomanda built-inTVset.Thereisaseparatebedroom,amodernkitchenwitharefrigerator.Thetrailerevenhasmatchingcarp5Itmustbetruethatsoonerorlater,everyonefindshisorherwaybacktonature.Irecommendthatyoufindyourwayin style.A.Thistimetherewasnotent.B.Thingsaregoingtobeimproved.C.Thetriptheytookmeonwasaroughone.D.Iwastolearnalotaboutcampingsincethen,however.E.ImustsaythatIhavecertainlycometoenjoycamping.F.Afterthetrip,myfamilybecamequiteinterestedincamping.G .Therewasnoshadeasthetreeswerenomorethan3feettall.2017分话题:避免工作被打断的方法词数:Interruptionsareoneoftheworstthingstodealwithwhileyou ’,thereareseveralwaystohandlethings.Let stakealookatthemnow.2.Tellthepersonyou ’resorryandexplainthatyouhaveamillionthingstodoandthenaskifthetwoofyoucantalkatadifferenttime.Whenpeopletrytointerruptyou,havesethoursplannedandletthemknowtocomebackduringthattimeorthatyou ’tdoitinyourownoffice.’smucheasiertoexcuseyourselftogetbacktoyourworkthanifyoutrytogetsomeoneoutofyourspaceevenafterexpl aininghowbusyyouare.Ifyouhaveadoortoyouroffice,makegooduseofit.5.Ifsomeoneknocksandit ’snotanimportantmatter,excuseyourselfandletthepersonknowyou ’rebusysotheycangetthehint(暗示)thatwhenthedoorisclosed,you ’renottobedisturbed.A.Ifyou ’rebusy,don ’tfeelbadaboutsayingnoB.WhenyouwanttoavoidinterruptionsatworkC.SetboundariesforyourselfasfarasyourtimegoesD.Ifyou ’reintheotherperson ’sofficeorinapublicareaE.It ’simportantthatyouletthemknowwhenyou ’llbeavailableF.ItmightseemunkindtocutpeopleshortwhentheyinterruptyouG.Leaveitopenwhenyou’reavailabletotalkandcloseitwhenyou’renot2017全国卷Ⅲ,10分话题:早起词数:293 Lotsofpeoplefindithardtogetupinthemorning,andputtheblameonthealarmclock.Infact,thekeytoeasymorning wake-upliesinresettingyourbodyclock.1Here’showtomakeone.2Inordertomakeachange,youneedtodecidewhyit’simportant.Doyouwanttogetupintimetohavebreakfastwithyourfamily,getinsomeexercise,orjustbebetterprep aredforyourday?Onceyouareclearaboutyourreasons,tellyourfamilyorroommatesaboutthechangeyouwantto make.Rethinkmornings.Nowthatyouknowwhyyouwanttowakeup,considerre-arrangingyourmorningactivities.Ify ouwanttimetohavebreakfastwithyourfamily,savesometimethenightbeforebysettingoutclothes,shoes,andbag s.3That’saquarter-hourmoreyoucouldbesleepingifyouboughtacoffeemakerwithatimer.’Keeparecordandevaluateitweekly.Keeptrackofyoureffortsandwritedownhowyoufeel.Afteryou’Ifnot,takeanotherlookatothermethodsyoucouldtry.A.B.Findtherightmotivation.C.Abetterplanforsleepcanhelp.D.Andconsidersettingasecondalarm.E.Ifthestepsyoutakeareworking,keepitup.F.Sticktoyoursetbedtimeandwake-uptime,nomattertheday.G.Reconsiderthe15minutesyouspendinlineatthecafetogetcoffee.2016298密)keepmessagesprivate.Banks,companies,andgovernmentagenciesusesecretcodesindoingbusiness,especially后)3Youmightrepresenteachletterwithanumber,forexample.Let'snumberthelettersofthealphabet,inorder,fr odebook.4Forexample,"bridge"mightstandfor"meet"and"out"mightstandfor"me."Themessage"Bridgeout" wouldactuallymean"Meetme."5However,itisalsohardtokeepacodebooksecretforlong.Socodesmustbechang edfrequently.A.Itisveryhardtobreakacodewithoutthecodebook.B.Inanylanguage,somelettersareusedmorethanothers.C.Onlypeoplewhoknowthekeywordcanreadthemessage.D.Aslongastherehavebeencodes,peoplehavetriedtobreakthem.E.Youcanhideamessagebyhavingthefirstlettersofeachwordspellitout.F.Withacodebook,youmightwritedownwordsthatwouldstandforotherwords.G.Anotherwaytohideamessageistousesymbolstostandforspecificlettersofthealphabet.2016全国卷Ⅱ,10分词数:320Agardenthat'sjustrightforyouHaveyouevervisitedagardenthatseemedjustrightforyou,wheretheatmosphereofthegardenappearedtototalmorethanthesum(总和)ofitsparts?1.Butitdoesn'thappenbyaccident.Itstartswithlookinginsideyourselfandunderstandingwhoyoua rewithrespecttothenaturalworldandhowyouapproachthegardeningprocess.●2Somepeoplemaythinkthatagardenisnomorethanplants,flowers,patternsandmassesofcolor.Othersarecon cernedaboutusinggardeningmethodsthatrequirelesswaterandfewerfertilizers(肥料).3.However,thereareanumberofotherreasonsthatmightexplainwhyyouwanttogarden.Oneofthemcomesfr omourearliestyears.●Recall(回忆)yourchildhoodmemories Ourmodelofwhatagardenshouldbeoftengoesbacktochildhood.Grandma'srosegardenandDad'svegetablegard enmightbegoodorbad,butthat'snotwhat'simportant.4—howbeinginthosegardensmadeusfeel.Ifyou'dliketobu G20163Freshfishshouldsmellsweet:youshouldfeelthatyou'restandingattheocean'sedge.Anyfishyorstrongsmel调料D.Itjustrequiresalittleknowledge.E.Thefishwillgobadwithinhours.F.Whenbuyingfish,youshouldfirstsmellit.G.Thefatsinfisharethoughttohelppreventheartdisease.2015新课标全国Ⅰ,10分词数:330BuildingTrustinaRelationshipAgainTrustisalearnedbehaviorthatwegainfrompastexperiences.1Trustisarisk.Butyoucan'tbesuccessfulwhenth ere'salackoftrustinarelationshipthatresultsfromanactionwherethewrongdoertakesnoresponsibilitytofixthem istake.Unfortunately,we'veallbeenvictimsofbetrayal.Whetherwe'vebeenstolenfrom,liedto,misled,orcheated on,therearedifferentlevelsoflosingtrust.Sometimespeoplesimplycan'ttrustanymore.2It'sunderstandable,buti fyou'rewillingtobuildtrustinarelationshipagain,wehavesomestepsyoucantaketogetyouthere.●3Havingconfidenceinyourselfwillhelpyoumakebetterchoicesbecauseyoucanseewhatthebestoutcomewouldbeforyourwell-being.●4Ifyou'vebeenbetrayed,youarethevictimofyourcircumstance.Butthere'sadifferencebetweenbeingav ictimandlivingwitha"victimmentality".Atsomepointinallofour●Youdidn'tlose"everything".Oncetrustislost,whatisleft?Insteadoflookingatthesituationfromthishopeles sangle,lookateverythingyoustillhaveandbethankfulforallofthegoodinyourlife.5Instead,it'sahealthywaytowo rkthroughtheexperiencetoallowroomforpositivegrowthandforgiveness.A.Learntoreallytrustyourself.B.Itisputtingconfidenceinsomeone.C.Stopregardingyourselfasthevictim.D.Rememberthatyoucanexpectthebestinreturn.E.They'vebeentoobadlyhurtandtheycan'tbeartoletithappenagain.G2015Trainingforamarathonrequirescarefulpreparationandsteady,gradualincreasesinthelengthoftheruns.1,bu伸展torest.Butduringthenextweek,setagoalofatleastamileandahalfperrun.4.Aftertwoweeks,starttimingyourself.5G2017【段意梳理】第一段:介绍作者过去对野营活动有抵触情绪。
高考英语全国卷I阅读“七选五”题型分析、解题思路及真题例析

第四章语篇填句语句、衔接、同复现第一节题型说明与思维图表一、题型说明全国卷I样题说明没给相关题型命名,叫第一节,第二节。
行内通称阅读第二节叫“七选五”,我们把它定位为“语篇填句”,因为虽然它答题形式上是填涂一个字母,实质上要考虑很多语句、衔接和词汇同复现相关的问题。
所以我们编印的“语篇填句”题要把填空位置拉得很长,便于做题时写入一些关键词以结合上下文有具体的思考依据。
二、真题举例:2016语篇填句(共5小题,每小题2分,满分10分)根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项,选项中有两项为多余选项。
1.Secret codes(密码)keep messages private.Banks,companies,and government agencies use secret codes in doing business,especially when information is sent by computer.2.People have used secret codes for thousands of years.【36D.to break them(并列)never lags(落后)far behind code making】.The science of creating and reading coded messages is called cryptography.(解释)For example,“Meet me.”】For example,a number forthe message of a realcode,you must【39F.With a code book(递进)For example,“bridge”might stand for“meet”and“out”might stand for“me.”The message“bridge out”would actually mean“Meet me.”40A.without the code book(总结)】6.However,it is also hard to keep a code book secret for long.So codes must be changed frequently.A.It is very hard to break a code without the code book.B.In any language,some letters are used more than others.C.Only people who know the keyword can read the message.D.As long as there have been codes,people have tried to break them.E.You can hide a message by having the first letters of each word spell it out.F.With a code book,you might write down words that would stand for other words.G.Another way to hide a message is to use symbols to stand for specific letters of the alphabet三、思维图表:文体、大意:事理说明文,密码保护信息安全说一件事:1.很多公共机构用密码保护信息安全举几个例:2.创设密码和解读密码的科学叫cryp`tography(密码术)。
2017高考英语阅读7选5命题思路

2017高考英语七选五阅读理解(辽、琼、宁、京)【特点分析】该类题型要求从短文后的七个选项中(均为完整的句子)选出五个能填入文章空处的最佳选项,主要考查考生对文章的整体内容和结构以及上下文逻辑意义的理解和掌握。
其命题形式深受英语四六级和考研阅读多项选择题的影响,体现了《新课标》“用英语获取、处理和运用信息的能力;逐步获取用英语思维的能力。
”的阅读学习和教学理念。
该题型命题形式仍然具有客观题的特点,又与完形填空具有异曲同工之妙,只是选项少,以句子形式出现,考查目的和侧重点不完全相同而已。
从《考试说明》对该题型命题目的的表述“主要考查考生对文章的整体内容和结构以及上下文逻辑意义的理解和掌握。
”可以得出以下判断:该题备选项可分为主旨概括句(文章整体内容)、过渡性句子(文章结构)和注释性句子(上下文逻辑意义)三类。
其多余的两个干扰项也往往从这三方面进行设置,例如主旨概括句或过于宽泛或以偏概全或偏离主题,过渡性句子不能反映文章的行文结构,注释性句子与上文脱节等。
【题型分析】分析篇章结构,把握全篇文脉是阅读填空题解题的关键,英语的语篇(discourse)通常是由句子和语段(sentence group)构成的,语段是句子和语篇之间的中间层次,句子虽然能够单独地表达相对完整的思想,但是它不能表达多方面的、比较复杂的思想,只有把几个句子结合为较大的言语片段,才能表达一个相对独立的层意,所谓的“积句而成章,积章而成篇。
”就是这个道理。
分析文章的层次包含两种形式:一种是分析整篇文章的层次,也就是段落,另一种是分析每一个段落内部的层次,也就是语篇层次。
语篇与段落是有区别的,语段是篇章结构的中间层次,是由句子到篇的一种过渡形式,段落(paragraph)是在某些语体(如记叙文、议论文)中比语段更大的意义单位,较小的段落可以只包括一个语段或一个句子,一般来说,一个段落通常由几个语段构成。
构成语段的方式有两种,一是靠句际间意义的结合,二是靠句际间的关联词,逻辑性插入语来连接,在分析语段层次时,可以借助句际间的连接词语作出判断,但最主要的还是要真正体会句际间的意义关系,把握作者的思路,从语序上去发现断续点,理清层次,好文章的层次非常清晰,只有层层入手,才能真正理解文章。
英语高考“七选五”阅读理解真题详解5

2020高考英语“七选五”阅读理解专项突破英语高考“七选五”阅读理解真题详解52015全国卷I【高考真题解题例析】为了让大家能把上面所提到的解题原则、方法和步骤能运用到具体的解题实践之中,下面以2015年英语高考全国卷I中的“七选五”阅读理解试题的解答为例来说明如何解题。
【高考真题】根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。
选项中有两项为多余选项。
Building Trust in a Relationship AgainTrust is a learned behavior that we gain from past experiences. 36 .Trust is a risk. But you can’t be successful when there’s a lack of trust in a relationship that results from an action where the wrongdoer takes no responsibility to fix the mistake.Unfortunately, we’ve all been victims of betrayal. Whether we’ve been suffer from, lied to, misled, or cheated on, there are different levels of losing trust. Sometimes people simply can’t trust anymore. 37 It’s understandable, but if you’re willing to build trust in a relationship again, we have some steps you can take to get you there.●38 Having confidence in yourself will help you make better choices because you can see what the best outcome would be for your well-being.●39 If you’ve been betrayed, you are the victim of your circumstance. But there’s a difference between being a victim and living with a “victim mentality”. At some point in all of our lives, we’ll have our trust tested or violated.●You didn’t lose “everything”. Once trust is lost, what is left? Instead of looking at the situation from this hopeless angle, look at everything you still have and be thankful for all ofthe good in your life. 40 Instead, it’s a healthy way to work through the experience to allow room for positive growth and forgiveness.A. Learn to really trust yourself.B. It is putting confidence in someone.C. Stop regarding yourself as the victim.D. Remember that you can expect the best in return.E. They’ve been too badly hurt and they can’t bear to let it happen again.F. This knowledge carries over in their attitude toward their future relationships.G. Seeing the positive side of things doesn’t mean you’re ignoring what happened.【语篇解读】【解题图解】A. Learn to really trust yourself.B. It is putting confidence in someone. 36C. Stop regarding yourself as the victim. 39D. Remember that you can expect the best in return.E. They’ve been too badly hurt and they can’t bear to let it happen again. 37F. This knowledge carries over in their attitude toward their future relationships.G. Seeing the positive side of things doesn’t mean you’re ignoring what happened. 40【答案解析】1. 通过快速浏览浏览全文,由文章的题目、每段的首段和文中的项目符号便可知本文的主题是如何重建人际关中的信任,文章可以分为两个部分,第一部分由一、二段组成,用于引入话题及说明为什么要重建人际关中的信任,第二部分由三、四、五段组成,提出了重建人际关中的信任的三个步骤,是一篇介绍方法步骤类的说明文。
103 英语高考“七选五”阅读理解真题详解3

2020高考英语“七选五”阅读理解专项突破原创系列资料103 英语高考“七选五”阅读理解真题详解32017全国卷III【高考真题解题例析】为了让大家能把上面所提到的解题原则、方法和步骤能运用到具体的解题实践之中,下面以2017年英语高考全国卷III中的“七选五”阅读理解试题的解答为例来说明如何解题。
2017全国卷Ⅲ无标题4段典型总分结构说明文245+64=309介绍如何做计划建立好生物钟,保持早睡早起的习惯(how to)【高考真题】根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。
选项中有两项为多余选项。
Lots of people find it hard to get up in the morning and put the blame on the alarm clock. In fact, the key to easy morning wake-up lies in resting your body clock. 36 Here is how to make one.● 37 In order to make a change, you need to decide why it’s important. Do you want to get up in time to have breakfast with your family, get in some exercise, or just be better prepared for your day? Once you are clear about your reason, tell your family or roommates about the change you want to make.● Rethink mornings. Now that you know why you want to wake up, consider re-arranging your morning activities. If you want time to have breakfast with your family, save some time the night before by setting out clothes, shoes, and bags. 38 That’s a quarter-hour more you could be sleeping if you bought a coffee maker with a timer.● Keep your sleep/wake schedule on weekends. If you’re tired out by Friday night, sleeping in on Saturday could sound wonderful. But compensating on the weekends actually feeds into your sleepiness the following week, a recent study found. 39● Keep a re cord and evaluate it weekly. Keep track of your efforts and write down how you feel. After you’ve tried a new method for a week, take a look at your record. 40 If not, take another look at other methods you could try.A. Get a sleep specialist.B. Find the right motivation.C. A better plan for sleep can help.D. And consider setting a second alarm.E. If the steps you take are working, keep it up.F. Stick to your set bedtime and wake-up time, no matter the day.G. Reconsider the 15 minutes you spend in line at the café to get coffee.【语篇解读】【语篇解读】【文章大意】本文是一篇生活类的说明文,文章介绍了如何做计划建立好生物钟,以便保持早睡早起的好习惯。
点评:2017年高考真题英语全国Ⅰ卷 难句+分析:试题 七选五 精品

2017高考全国卷I卷七选五。
露营是一种短时(brief)的户外生活方式(outdoor lifestyle),为了工程(engineering)、军事(military affairs)、测绘(surveying and mapping)、旅游等而特设临时(temporary)的户外驻扎区(Stationed area),包括营帐(tent)、草棚、车房(camper, travel trailer)等简易形式的短时户外居住营所,军事露营往往有复杂的构造,细分为生活区、食宿区、通讯区、指挥区等等,而旅游上多采用更方便小巧的户外装备(Outdoor equipment),达到户外休整(relaxation)娱乐的目的。
关于36D since then和一般过去时连用, 很多朋友有困惑,我也是。
不过,在非正式用语尤其是口语中,用一般现在时/一般过去时也是常见的,前者表示现在经常性的规律动作,后者表示从过去某一时刻截止到过去的另外某一时刻的动作/状态。
如:Since then 24 ancient Chinese emperors had lived there.自那以后曾有24位皇帝在此居住过。
Since then, Ken lives in trouble.此后,肯的生活陷入困境。
七选五长难句有2句:第一句:The friends who introduced me to camping thought that it meant to be a pioneer.词汇突破:1. meant to be 命中注定;句子主干:The friends thought that it meant to be a pioneer.切分成分+独立成句1.who introduced me to camping 定语从句,who=the friends2.that it meant to be a pioneer宾语从句参考译文:介绍我去露营的朋友们认为这注定是一次具有开创性的露营。
高考英语阅读理解七选五

高考七选五专项一、段首挖空类该题型通常可以分为三种情况:1. 段落的主题句。
2。
与后文是并列、转折、因果等关系。
3. 段落间的过渡句。
阅读上一段结尾有机地衔接起来,并结合下一段的内容,看所选的答案是否将两段的内容连贯起来。
二、段尾挖空类该题型通常有五种情况:1. 通常是概括性的结论性的语句。
2. 与前文是转折或者对比的关系。
3. 与前文是并列或者排比关系。
4. 所选的答案是引出下一段的内容。
5. 如果是第一段的段尾要认真的阅读,确认是细节还是主题。
三、文中挖空类该题型是指在文章或段落的中间挖空,所挖掉的句子通常是在语境上和逻辑方面和上下文有密切的关系,所以确定正确选项的方法是选择的选项应该在语境方面和文中的相关空白能够无缝衔接。
在逻辑上,特别要注意体现时间、原因、方式、转折、让步等逻辑关系的关联词,这些都是解决这类题型的重要信息。
阅读理解七选五近5年考点分析从以上表格我们可以看出,全国卷阅读理解的七选五的题材是以说明文为主,要求考生具备词汇、句子、语段、语篇等知识,而且要有辩证、综合、分析、归纳方面的逻辑思维能力。
其中标题句一般考查0-2个,中心句0-1个,上下文衔接句2-5个。
其次所选择的题材丰富多样,话题新颖,贴近考生的生活,具有浓厚的时代气息和较高的真实性。
开心练练练Passage1 (2015全国一卷)Building Trust in a Relationship AgainTrust is a learned behavior that we gain from past experiences, ____36 . Trust is a risk. But you can’t be successful when there’s a lack of tru st in a relationship that results from an action where the wrongdoer takes no responsibility to fix the mistake.Unfortunately, we’ve all been victims of betrayal. Whether we’ve been suffer from, lied to , misled, or cheated on, there are different levels of losing trust. Sometimes people simply can’t trust anymore, _____37____. It’s understandable, but if you’re willing to build trust in a relationship again, we have some steps you can take to get you there.●___38_____ having confidence in yourself will help you make better choicesbecause you can see what the best outcome would be for your well-being.●_____39_____ If you’ve been betrayed, you are the victim of yourcircumstance. But there’s a difference between being a victim and living with a “victim mentality”. At some point in all of our lives, we’ll have our trust tested or violated.●You didn’t lose “everything”. Once trust is lost, what is left? Instead of looking atthe situation from this hopeless angle, look at everything you still have and be thankful for all of the good in your life. _____40____ instead, it’s a healthy way to work through the experience to allow room for positive growth and forgiveness.A.Learn to really trust yourself.B.It is putting confidence in someone.C.Stop regarding yourself as the victim.D.Remember that you can expect the best in return.E.They’ve been too badly hurt and they can’t bear to let it happen again.F.This knowledge carries over in their attitude toward their future relationships.G.Seeing the positive side of things d oesn’t mean you’re ignoring whathappened.Passage2 (2015全国二卷)Training for a marathon requires careful preparation and steady, gradual increases in the length of the runs.___16___, buy the best-fitting, best-built running shoes you can find.No one can say= which brand will work best for you or feel best on your feet, so you have to rely on your experience and on the feel of each pair as you shop. When you have found shoes that seem right, walk in them for a few days to double-check the fit. ___17___. As always, you should stretch(伸展) at least ten minutes before each run to prevent injuries.During the first week, do not think about distance, but run five minutes longer each day. ___18___, it is wise to take a day off to rest. But during the next week, set a goal of at least a mile and a half per run. ___19___. After two weeks, start timing yourself. ___20___. Depending on the kind of race you plan to enter,you can set up a timetable for the remaining weeks before the race.A. After six daysB. For a good marathon runnerC. Before you begin your trainingD. With each day, increase the distance by a half mileE. If they still feel good,you can begin running in themF. Time spent for preparation raises the quality of trainingG. Now you are ready to figure out a goal of improving distance and timeTips for cooking on a Tight ScheduleFrom my experience, there are three main reasons why people don’t cook more often: ability, money and time.____16__Money is a topic I’ll save for another day. So today I want to give you some wisdom about how to make the most of the time you spend in the kitchen. Here are three tips for great cooking on a tight schedule:1. Think ahead. The moments when I think cooking is a pain are when I’m already hungry and there is nothing ready to eat. So think about of the coming week. When will you have time to cook? Do you have the right materials ready?_____17___2. Make your time worth it. When you do find time to cook a meal, make the most of it and save yourself time later on. Are you making one loaf of bread?___18___ it takes around the same amount of time to make more of something. So save yourself the effort for a future meal.3. ____19____ This may surprise you, but one of the best tools for making cooking worth your time is experimentation. It gives you the chance to hit upon new ideas and recipes that can work well with your appetite and schedule. The more you learn and the more you try, the more ability you have to take control of your food and your schedule.Hopefully that gives you a good start. ____20___ and don’t let a busy schedule discourage you from making some great changes in the way you eat and live!A. Try new things.B. Ability is easily improved.C. Make three or four instead.D. Understand your food better.E. Cooking is a burden for many people.F. Let cooking and living simply be a joy rather than a burden.G. A little time planning ahead can save a lot of work later on.The jobs of the future have not yet been invented. ____36___ . By helping them develop classic skills that will serve them well no matter what the future holds.1. Curiosityingredients (配料)can we add to make th ese pancakes even better next time ?” and then try them out. Ingredients make the pancakes better? What could we try next time?2. CreativityTrue creativity is the ability to take something existing and create something new ____38____. There are a dozen different things you can do with them. Experimenting with materials to create something new can go a long way in helping them develop their creativity.3. Personal skillsUnderstanding how others feel can be a challenge for kids. zxxkWe know what’s going on inside our own head, but what about others? Being able to read people helps kid from misreading a situation and jumping to false conclusions.____39 ____. “Why do you think she’s crying?” “Can you tell how that man is feeling by looking at his face?” “If someone were to do that to you, how would you feel?”4. Self Expression_____40____ there are many ways to express thoughts and ideas –music, acting, drawing, building, photography. You may find that your child is attracted by one more than another.A. Encourage kids to cook with you.B. And we can’t forget science education.C. We can give kids chances to think about materials in new ways.D. So how can we help our kids prepare for jobs that don’t yet exist?E. Gardening is another great activity for helping kids develop this skill.F. We can do this in real life or ask questions about characters in stories.G. Being able to communicate ideas in a meaningful way is a valuable skill.Public Speaking Training·Get a coach51 ,so get help. Since there are about a billion companies out there all ready to offer you public speaking training and courses, here are some things to look for when deciding the training that's right for you.·Focus on positivesAny training you do to become more effective at public speaking should always focus on the positive aspects of what you already do well. Nothing can hurt confidence more than being told that you aren't doing well. 52 , so good public speaking training should develop those instead of telling you what you shouldn't do. ·53If you find a public speaking course that looks as though it's going to give you lots of dos and don'ts, walk away! Your brain is so full of what you're going to be talking about.54 . As far as we're concerned, there are basically no hard and fast rules about public speaking. Your audience can be your friends.·You are a special person not a cloneMost importantly, good public speaking training should treat you as a special one, with your own personal habits. 55 . Your training course should help you bring out your personality, not try to turn you into someone you're not.A. You aren't like anybody elseB. You already do lots of things wellC. Turn your back on too many rulesD. Check the rules about dos and don'tsE. Whatever the presentation, public speaking is toughF .The one thing you don't want is for them to fall asleepG. So trying to force a whole set of rules into it will just make things worseBusiness is the organized approach to providing customers with the goods and services they want. The word business also refers to an organization that provides these goods and services. Most businesses seek to make a profit(利润)— that is, they aim to achieve income that is more than the costs of operating thebusiness. ___71___ Commonly called nonprofits, these organizations are primarily nongovernmental service providers. ___72____Business management is a term used to describe the techniques of planning, direction, and control of the operations of a business. ___73______ One is the establishment(制定) of broad basic policies with respect to production; sales; the purchase of equipment, materials and supplies; and accounting. ___74 ____ The third relates to the establishment of standards of work in all departments. Direction is concerned primarily with supervision(监管)and guidance by the management in authority. ___75 ____A. Control includes the use of records and reports to compare actual work with the set standards for work.B. In this connection there is the difference between top management and operative management.C. Examples of nonprofit business include such organizations as social service agencies and may hospitals.D. However, some businesses only seek to earn enough to cover their operating costs.E. The second aspect relates to the application of these policies by departments.F. In the theory of business management, organization has two main aspects.G. Planning in business management has three main aspects.Passage7 (2015北京)This Way to DreamlandDaydreaming means people think about something pleasant, especially when this makes them forget what they should be doing. Daydreamers have a bad reputation for being unaware of what’s happening around them. They can seem forgetful and clumsy.___71_____They annoy us because they seem to be ignoring us and missing the important things.But daydreamers are also responsible for some of the greatest ideas and achievements i n human history. ____72____ Can you imagine what kind of world we would have without such ideas and inventions?So how can you come up with brilliant daydreams and avoid falling over tree roots or otherwise looking like a fool?First, understand that some opportunities(机会) for daydreaming are better than others. Feeling safe and relaxed will help you to slip into daydreams.__73_ And if you want to improve your chances of having a creative idea while you’re daydreaming, try to do it while you are involved in another task—preferably something simple, like taking a shower or walking, or even making meaningless drawings.It’s also important to know how to avoid daydreams for those times when you really need to concentrate. “Mindfulness”, being focused, is a tool that some people use to avoid falling asleep.____74____Finally, you never know what wonderful idea might strike while your mind has moved slowly away.____75____Always remember that your best ideas might come when your head is actually in the clouds.A. Having interesting things to think about also helps.B. They stare off into space and wander by themselves.C. Without wandering minds, we wouldn’t have relatively, Coke or Post-it notes.D. At one time, daydreaming was thought to be a cause of some mental illnesses.E. It involves slow, steady breathing for self-control that helps people stay calm and attentive.F. Daydreams are often very simple and direct, quite unlike sleep dreams, which may be hard to understand.G. Therefore, it’s a good idea to keep a notebook or voice recorder nearby when you’re in the daydreamPassage8 (2014北京)Evaluating Sources (来源) of health InformationMaking good choices about your own health requires reasonable evaluation. A key first step in bettering your evaluation ability is to look carefully at your sourcesof healthy information. Reasonable evaluation includes knowing where and how to fins relevant information, how to separate fact from opinions, how to recognize poor reasoning, and how to analyze information and the reliability of sources. 71 Go to the original source. Media reports often simplify the results of medical research. Find out for yourself what a study really reported, and determine whether it was based on good science. Think about the type of study. 72Watch for misleading language. Some studies will find that a behavior “contributes to” or is “associated with” an outcome; this does not mean that a certain course must lead to a certain result. 73 Carefully read or listen to information in order to fully understand it.Use your common sense. If a report seems too good to be true, probably it is. Be especially careful of information contained in advertisements. 74 Evaluate “scientific” statements carefully, and be aware of quackery(江湖骗术).75 Friends and family members can be a great source of ideas and inspiration, but each of us needs to find a healthy lifestyle that works for us.Developing the ability to evaluate reasonably and independently about the health problems will serve you well throughout your life.A. Make choice that are right for you.B. The goal of an ad is to sell you something.C. Be sure to work through the critical questions.D. And examine the findings of the original research.E. Distinguish between research reports and public health advice.F. Be aware that information may also be incorrectly explained by an author’s point of view.G. The following suggestions can help you sort through the health information you receive from common sources.Passage9(2013·高考北京卷)UrbanizationUntil relatively recently,the vast majority of human beings lived and died without ever seeing a city. The first city was probably founded no more than 5,500 years ago.____1_____In fact,nearly everyone lived on farms or in tiny rural (乡村的) villages. It was not until the 20th century that Great Britain became the first urban society in history—a society in which the majority of people live in cities and do not farm for a living.Britain was only the beginning. ___2____The process of urbanization—the migration (迁徙) of people from the countryside to the city—was the result of modernization,which has rapidly transformed how people live and where they live. In 1990,fewer than 40% of Americans lived in urban areas. Today,over 82% of Americans live in cities. Only about 2% live on farms.____3____Large cities were impossible until agriculture became industrialized. Even in advanced agricultural societies,it took about ninety-five people on farms to feed five people in cities.____4_____Until modern times,those living in cities were mainly the ruling elite(精英) and the servants,laborers and professionals who served them. Cities survived by taxing farmers and were limited in size by the amount of surplus food that the rural population produced and by the ability to move this surplus from farm to city.Over the past two centuries,the Industrial Revolution has broken this balancebetween the city and the country. _____5_____Today,instead of needing ninety-five farmers to feed five city people,one American farmer is able to feed more than a hundred non-farmers.A.That kept cities very small.B.The rest live in small towns.C.The effects of urban living on people should be considered.D.Soon many other industrial nations became urban societies.E.But even 200 years ago,only a few people could live in cities. F.Modernization drew people to the cities and made farmers more productive. G.Modern cities have destroyed social relations and the health of human beings.Passage10(2014辽宁卷)Eyesight plays a very important role in our daily life. Every waking moment, the eyes are working to see the world around us. Over forty percent of Americans worry about losing eyesight, but it’s easy to include steps into our daily life to ensure healthy eyes. Here are five suggestions for a lifetime of healthy eyesight:Schedule yearly exams. 36 Experts advise parents to bring babies 6 to 12 months of age to the doctor for a careful check. The good news is that millions of children now can have yearly eye exams and following treatment, including eyeglasses.Protect against UV rays(紫外线). Long-term stay in the sun creates risk to your eyes. No matter what the season is, it’s extremely important to wear sunglasses. 37 Give your eyes a break. Two-thirds of Americans spend up to seven hours a day using computers or other digital products. 38 Experts recommend that people practice the 20/20/20 rule: every 20 minutes, take a 20-second break and look at something 20 feet away.39 As part of a healthy diet, eat more fruits and vegetables each day. Vitamins(维生素) C and E help protect eyesight and promote eye health.Practice safe wear and care of contact lenses(隐形眼镜). Many Americans use contact lenses to improve their eyesight. While some follow the medical guidance forwearing contact lenses, many are breaking the rules and putting their eyesight at risk. ___40 Otherwise, you may have problems such as red eyes, pain in the eyes, or a more serious condition.A. Eat your greens.B. Eye care should begin early in life.C. They can properly protect your eyes.D. Stay in good shape by taking more vitamins.E. Parents usually don’t cane about their own eyesight.F. Always follow the doctor’s advice fo r appropriate wear.G. This frequent eye activity increases the risk for eye tiredness.。
【阅读七选五】2017全国卷高考英语七选五

2017全国卷I 七选五If anyone had told me three years ago that I would be spending most of my weekends camping, I would have laughed heartily. Campers, in my eyes, were people who enjoyed insect bites, ill-cooked meals, and uncomfortable sleeping bags. They had nothing in common with me.36 The friends who introduced me to camping thought that it meant to be a pioneer.37 We slept in a tent, cooked over an open fire, and walked a long distance to take the shower and use the bathroom.This brief visit with Mother Nature cost me two days off from work, recovering from a bad case of sunburn and the doctor’s bill for my son’s food poisoning.I was, nevertheless, talked into going on another fun-filled holiday in the wilderness.38 Instead, we had a pop-up camper with comfortable beds and an air conditioner. My nature-loving friends had remembered to bring all the necessities of life.39 We have done a lot of it since. Recently, we bought a twenty-eight-foot travel trailer complete with a bathroom and a built-in TV set. There is a separate bedroom, a modern kitchen with a refrigerator.The trailer even has matching carpet and curtains.40 It must be true that sooner or later, everyone finds his or her way back to nature.I recommend that you find your way in style.A.This time there was no tent.B.Things are going to be improved.C.The trip they took me on was a rough one.D.I was to learn a lot about camping since then, however.E.I must say that I have certainly come to enjoy camping.F.After the trip, my family became quite interested in camping.G.There was no shade as the trees were no more than 3 feet tall.36.D37.C 38.A 39.F40.E2017全国卷II 七选五Interruptions are one of the worst things to deal with while you’re trying to get work done.__36___, there are several ways to handle things. Let’s take a look at them now.__37___. Tell the person you’re sorry and explain that you have a million things to do and then ask if the two of you can talk at a different time.When people try to interrupt you, have set hours planned and let them know to come back during that time or that you’ll find them then.38 . It can help to eliminate (消除) future interruptions.When you need to talk to someone, don’t do it in your own office. 39, it’s much easier to excuse yourself to get back to yo ur work than if you try to get someone out of your space even after explaining how busy you are.If you have a door to your office, make good use of it. 40. Ifsomeone knocks and it’s not an important matter, excuse yourself and let the person know you’re busy so they can get the hint (暗示) that when the door is closed, you’re not to be disturbed.A. If you’re busy, don’t feel bad about saying noB. When you want to avoid interruptions at workC. Set boundaries for yourself as far as your time goesD. If you’re in the other person’s office or in a public areaE. It’s important that you let them know when you’ll be availableF. It might seem unkind to cut people short when they interrupt youG. Leave it open when you’re available to talk and close it when you’re notBAEDG2017全国卷III 七选五Lots of people find it hard to get up in the morning, and put the blame on the alarm clock. In fact, the key to easy morning wake-up lies in resetting your body clock. 36 Here’s how to make one.37 In order to make a change, you need to decide why it’s important. Do you want to get up in time to have breakfast with your family, get in some exercise, or just be better prepared for your day? Once you are clear about your reasons, tell your family or roommates about the change youwant to make.·Rethink mornings. Now that you know why you want to wake up, consider re-arranging your morning activities. If you want time to have breakfast with your family, save some time the night before by setting out clothes, shoes and bags. 38 That’s a quarter-hour more you could be sleeping if you bought a coffee maker with a timer.· Keep your sleep/wake schedule on weekends. If you’re tired out by Friday night, sleeping in on Saturday could sound wonderful. But compensating on the weekends actually feeds into your sleepiness the following week, a recent study found. 39·Keep a record and evaluate it weekly. Keep track of your efforts and write down how you feel. After you’ve tried a new method for a week, take a look at your record. 40 If not, take another look at other methods you could try.A. Get a sleep specialist.B. Find the right motivation.C. A better plan for sleep can help.D. And consider setting a second alarm.E. If the steps you take are working, keep it up.F. Stick to your set bedtime and wake-up time, no matter the day.G. Reconsider the 15 minutes you spend in line at the cafe to get coffee.答案:36-40 CBGFE。
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2020高考英语“七选五”阅读理解专项突破原创系列资料2015~2017年英语高考全国卷“七选五”阅读理解试题分析【试题研究】2015~2017年英语高考全国卷“七选五”阅读理解试题分析阅读理解是英语高考试卷的一个重要组成部分,为了让广大师生对“七选五”阅读理解这一题型有更加深入的认识,本文对近三年英语高考全国卷“七选五”阅读理解试题进行全面深入地分析。
本解析包括四部分,第一部分是考纲解读,全面解析阅读理解考查要求;第二部分是近三年高考“七选五”阅读理解命题分析,通过对近三年高考阅读理解试题统计分析揭示其命题规律,对未来考查趋势做以预测;第三部分是说明文体和记叙文体在近三年“七选五”阅读理解中的考查情况分析;第四部分是各类文体的文本特征和阅读解题技巧,对各类文体的结构特点做以分析,针对不同文体提出相应的阅读与解题技巧,并指出答题误区。
一、考纲解读(一)《考试大纲》解读在2015~2017年,《普通高等学校招生全国统一考试大纲》(以下简称《考试大纲》)英语语言运用部分对阅读的考核目标与要求未发生变化和调整,均描述为:“要求考生能读懂书、报、杂志中关于一般性话题的简短文段以及公告、说明、广告等,并能从中获取相关信息。
考生应能:1. 理解主旨要义;2. 理解文中具体信息;3. 根据上下文推断单词和短语的含义;4. 根据所读内容做出判断和推理;5. 理解文章的基本结构;6. 理解作者的意图、观点和态度。
”每年与《考试大纲》同时发布的《普通高等学校招生全国统一考试大纲的说明》英语(以下简称《考试说明》)是对当年《考试大纲》最权威、最准确地解读。
2017年《考试说明》(全国卷)与前两年相比,做了部分微调,对阅读理解的考核目标与要求说明如下:阅读是我国考生学习和使用外语的最主要途径,因此,阅读理解在试卷中占比重较大。
该部分要求考生能读懂熟悉的有关日常生活话题的简短文字材料,例如公告、说明、广告以及书、报、杂志中关于一般性话题的简短文章。
考生应能:1. 理解主旨和要义每篇文章都会有一个主旨要义。
有时从文章的第一个段落,甚至第一个句子即可得出文章的主旨要义,从这一段或这个句子读者会知道文章描述的是谁或是什么(即文章的主题),亦会了解作者希望读者了解主题方面的哪些内容。
有时,作者没有明示文章的主旨要义,需要读者从文章的字里行间进行归纳和概括。
2. 理解文中具体信息文章主题和中心思想的阐述往往需要大量细节信息的支持,这些细节信息对于理解全文内容至关重要,同时也是归纳和概括文章中心思想的基础。
具体信息有时可以直接从文章中获取,有时则需要进行归纳、概括或判断后才能得到。
3. 根据上下文推断单词和短语的含义阅读文章时,常常会遇到一些过去未见过的单词和短语,但许多这类词语的含义可以通过上下文推断出来。
这种不使用词典而通过阅读上下文来推断词语含义的能力,是一个合格的读者必须具备的能力,因此也是阅读理解部分经常考查的一种能力。
4. 根据所读内容做出判断和推理在实际的阅读活动中,常常需要根据文章提供的事实和线索,进行逻辑推理,推测作者未提到的事实或事件发展的趋势等。
这种判断和推理的能力是阅读理解能力的重要构成部分,因而也是阅读理解部分重点考查的能力之一。
5. 理解文章的基本结构阅读文章需要具备一定的语篇意识。
文章作者常常会使用各种衔接手段使行文连贯。
如果希望准确、深刻地理解文章,必须把握住全篇的基本结构,理清上下文的衔接关系,即句与句、段与段之间的逻辑关系。
6. 理解作者的意图、观点和态度每篇文章都有一个特定的写作目的,或是向读者传递某个信息,或是愉悦读者,或是讲授某个道理。
而这些信息通常并不是明确表达出来,而是隐含在文章之中。
因此,读者需要在理解文章总体内容的基础上,去领会作者的言外之意。
《考试大纲》与《考试说明》共同对全国卷阅读理解材料和阅读理解考查点做出了明确的规定。
对阅读理解材料的规定:从题材的规定来看,所选材料的题材是一般性话题,是考生熟悉的有关日常生活的话题,即阅读材料不会选考生完全陌生或专业性特别强的话题,而是考生熟悉的、有关日常生活的和一般性的话题;从体裁的规定来看,所选的材料包括公告、说明、广告以及书、报、杂志中关于一般性话题的简短文章,这就意味着阅读材料的体裁包括应用文、说明文、记叙文和议论文,并且说明文所占的比重最大;从材料词数和难度上来看,是简短文字材料和简短文章,即所选的材料可能是一个完整的篇章或节选的文字材料,文章的篇幅不长,材料简短。
对阅读理解考查点的规定。
《考试大纲》对考生六个方面的能力要求与阅读理解试题考查的六个题型相对应,在阅读理解第一节中重点考查其中五个方面的能力和题型,即:理解主旨要义——主旨大意题(包括文章和段落的主旨大意以及标题的归纳);理解文中具体信息——细节理解题;根据上下文推断单词和短语的含义——单词或短语意义猜测题;根据所读内容做出判断和推理——推理判断题;理解作者的意图、观点和态度——写作意图和态度、观点题。
在第二节“七选五”阅读理解中综合考查考生理解主旨要义、理解文章的基本结构和理解文中具体信息的能力。
另外《考试说明》对阅读理解考查的深度也做出了说明。
如:理解主旨和要义中提到“有时,作者没有明示文章的主旨要义,需要读者从文章的字里行间进行归纳和概括”;在理解文中具体信息中提到“具体信息有时可以直接从文章中获取,有时则需要归纳、概括或判断后才能得到”;在理解作者的意图、观点和态度中提到“读者需要在理解文章总体内容的基础上,去领会作者的言外之意”。
这都说明了阅读理解不仅仅要考查从阅读材料中直接获取信息的能力,还要考查对文章深层理解的能力,即要考查字里行间潜在的信息和暗含的意思。
(二)《考试大纲》中对阅读能力的重视《考试大纲》语言运用部分在描述阅读考核目标与要求时用到了两个“能”字,即:能读懂书、报、杂志中关于一般性话题的简短文段以及公告、说明、广告等,并能从中获取相关信息;能理解主旨要义,理解文中具体信息,根据上下文推断单词和短语的含义,根据所读内容做出判断和推理,理解文章的基本结构,理解作者的意图、观点和态度。
概括地说,考生要能读懂一般性话题的各类文章,要能在阅读理解的基础上解答试题,凸显了对阅读能力的重视。
(三)《考试大纲》中的话题项目表《考试大纲》中提到“要求考生能读懂书、报、杂志中关于一般性话题的简短文段以及公告、说明、广告等”,那么什么是“一般性话题”呢,其实在《考试大纲》附录4中对高考的话题项目有明确的规定,共有24个话题,与《英语课程标准》话题项目表中的24个话题完全一致,也是各类教材编写时需要参考的话题。
这24个话题是:个人情况;家庭、朋友与周围的人;周围的环境;日常活动;学校生活;兴趣与爱好;个人感情;人际关系;计划与愿望;节假日活动;购物;饮食;健康;天气;文娱与体育;旅游与交通;语言学习;自然;世界与环境;科普知识与现代技术;热点话题;历史与地理;社会;文学与艺术。
二、三年高考“七选五”阅读理解命题解析(一)“七选五”阅读理解试题命题特征统计为了让广大考生对近三年阅读理解试题有一个比较全面的了解,本部分对第第二节的“七选五”阅读理解从主题语境、语篇类型、阅读总量、选项设置等几个方面以表格的形式做以统计,在统计的基础上分析其基本命题规律和命题变化趋势。
表1 2015~2017年全国卷“七选五”阅读理解试题命题特征统计表(二)命题基本规律“七选五”阅读理解重点考查考生对文章基本结构的理解。
“七选五”阅读理解试题不仅要求考生能够理解文章的内容,还要求考生能够从篇章和段落上去把握文章的结构与层次,只有在理解文章基本结构和把握全篇的文脉(即句与句、段与段之间的逻辑关系)的基础上才能顺利地完成试题,尤其注重对语篇和段落结构的考查。
由上面的统计表可以看出,近三年所选的文章所涉及的主题语境比较广泛,仍给人以“情理之中、预料之外”的感觉,但都突出了话题生活化的特点;语篇类型方面,除了2017全国卷I采用了一篇记叙文外,其余均为说明文,用来说明如何做事或介绍某事;所选文章长度在250词以内,试题阅读总量(包括文章、文章中的试题序号、选项及序号)在240词到310词之间,文本总量(不包括设空和选项)在250词以内;文本结构比较清楚,有时提供标题和小标题,有些阅读材料甚至有编号或项目符号,所提供的语篇段落数在2到5或6之间,基本均为“总分(总)”的文本结构形式,即在第一段(或第一、二段)引入所要说明的主题后,其余的段落从某一维度对这一主题展开说明,有时还会有一个总结性的段落;从题目设定和选项设置的角度来看,5个设空中有1至2个设在小标题、主旨句或首句的位置,用于考查考生段落主旨概括的能力,其余3至4个设在段落之中,用于考查细节性过渡衔接句与注释句,需要填入的内容大多与上下文之间通过语意和词汇为纽带联系起来。
所提供的7个选项大多是完整的句子,祈使句和陈述句居多,错误选项与主题语境有一定的相关性,会形成一定的干扰,另外,正确选项之间也会相互干扰。
(三)命题趋势通过对近三年全国卷“七选五”阅读理解试题进行分析对比,可以看出试题语篇类型仍以说明文为主,文本结构仍用“总分(总)”结构,阅读总量相对稳定,但也有一些新的变化。
1. 除了说明文外,也会选用记叙文。
如2017年全国卷I就采用了一篇记叙文,这就意味着以后“七选五”阅读理解命题材料可能会选记叙文,但说明文还会是命题的首选。
2. 不再提供标题和小标题。
2017年三套全国卷的语篇均没有提供标题和小标题,没有显性的文章结构提示,这样会增加试题的难度。
考生需要在理解阅读材料的基础上,理清文章与各个段落的主旨和结构,才能准确地做出判断。
但有的语篇仍有明显的段落主旨句,如2017年全国卷III的后四段段首就出现了段落主旨句。
三、说明文和记叙文在近三年“七选五”阅读理解中的考查情况(一)说明文在近三年全国卷“七选五”阅读理解中的考查情况在近三年的八套全国卷中,“七选五”阅读理解试题除2017年全国卷I选了记叙文以外,其它卷的语篇类型均为说明文,由此可见,说明文仍然是“七选五”阅读理解试题命题的首选。
所选语篇的主题语境丰富多样,涉及到生活的各个方面。
命题重点:在“七选五”阅读理解中,说明文以前后句连贯、段落主旨和文章主旨考查为主,也会涉及到段落间的过渡和段尾的总结,需要考生理清语篇的文本结构,明确段落中句子之间的关系。
首段总体说明部分中通常会考查引入文章主题的过渡句、点明文章主题的主旨句或段末与下文相衔接的句子,在其它分说段落中通常会考查段落主旨句、对主旨句展开解释说明的句子、段落内的过渡衔接句、段落间的过渡衔接句和段尾的总结句。
考查角度:通过对近三年全国卷说明文的考查情况来看,第二节“七选五”阅读理解命题充分体现了对阅读能力的重视。