2018考研英语二阅读真题难度适中,话题贴切生活
2018考研英语二阅读真题难度适中话题贴切生活
——跨考教育英语教研室王朋彦老师
2018全国硕士研究生英语考试终于结束，各位的内心可谓百感交集，但终归是对无数个日夜奋战的一个结果。
就本次考试的英语二阅读部分而言，题目难度并没有提高，仍然是要求最基本的阅读命题思路。
接下来，跨考教育王朋彦老师就英语二阅读做全面解析。
一，从题材方面来看
2018年英语二第一篇为教育类话题，讲到的是New Hampshire高中一名叫Stephen Koziatek教师有关教育方面的观点和看法。
不知各位有没有想到2018年英二text1与2004年text4有相似之处，都在讨论教育的practical方面，这也足矣看到复习真题的重要性，肯定会重复考察的。
再来看第二篇文章，与能源有关，属科技类话题，主要讲到了wind and solar 能源，属于通俗型的科普性文章。
除2001年第一篇考察的geology地质学比较晦涩难懂之外，之后的科普类都是比较通俗性的，这也说明出题人不会太专注于相当专业化的科普内容，而且一些共识性的常识。
第三篇文章与早年真题2001年text 3，2002年text 3，2003年text 3都出现的共性话题acquisition，即商业并购有关，属于经济类话题。
这种类型已经反复出现，可见考察点的重复。
另外，Facebook在英语二考题中多次出现，包括其首席执行官Sheryl Sandberg在2013第四篇文中中就提到了，也表明英语二很关注时事热点类文章，这也为之后的复习备考指明了方向。
再来瞧一眼最后一篇文章，讲述了与每一个人都息息相关的非常生活类话题，如何在更短的时间内做更多的事情，即文中的the art of deep work. 本篇文章提到的观点与2016年第三篇文章 how to find time to work不谋而合。
话题内容都是与生活非常贴切的，这也再次体现出英语二考题的一种倾向，更加实用，更加注重practical。
二，从题型视角而言
今年的出题形式基本都延用了往年的考题方式，没有大的出入，可见出题人的命题思路与命题规律是基本成型的。
详细如下：
2018年第一篇文章中，例证题1道，推断题1道，态度题1道，细节题两道。
第一题用典型的is mentioned to show告诉我们是例证题，这难道不是2014年英二text1题目的完全复现么？第二题和第四题是细节题，即根据题目关键词定位找答案。
第三题infer的出现已经泄漏了出题人的意图了，绝对的推断，往往和主旨相关。
最后一题为作者的态度题，这些态度词咱们也常见了。
再来看，第二篇文章的五道题目。
第一题为词义句意题，出现过无数次而且也基本是年年考的相当元老级的题目了，解题重点看上下文。
第二题为具体细节，定位找答案句为关键线索。
下一个题目中出现了learn典型地与推断题相关，一提推断就与主旨挂钩了哦。
第四个是判断对错，这类咱们也见过不止一次了，总是反复来考察。
最后一个最后一段的推断，当然与段落主旨密不可分了。
所以，各位长点心吧，多看看曾经的真题，多分析分析是很有用的。
2018年第三篇文章中，四道细节题，一道例证题，其中31和34为因果细节考原因，32为具体细节考察结果，33为文中作者观点题。
这也论证了出题人的出题角度，经常会拿细节题作为出题方向。
而且，本篇文章定位非常清楚，认真审题就不会定位错误，例证题明白例证的思路也不会有任何定位难度。
再次可以得出，认真总结历年的出题思路，并积累定位方法相当重要。
第四篇文章是一篇结构相当明了的文章，而且题目难度很小，再次说明不见得最后一篇就是最难的，也不是说第一篇就是简单的，那只是个人错觉而已。
这五道题目中，和第三篇一样，前四道为细节题，最后一道为全文主旨。
四道细节题中，第一道为具体细节题的主谓定位，第二道为细节题中的研究结论型题目，第三题和第四题均为文中任务观点题目。
跨考教育英语教研室王朋彦老师告诉大家这说明英语二非常注重具体细节的考察，这也体现在2018年考研英语二的考纲中了。
从以上分析可以得出，今年英语二真题无论是文章题材角度而言，还是从出题人的命题思路角度来说，基本都是以前的总体思路，没有本质上的变化。
这就给各位考生一个提示，真题，真题，真题，一定要反复看真题，反复总结真题出题思路，这才是复习备考的本质。
作者：英语教研室王朋彦
来源：跨考教育。
2018考研英语二真题及答案及解析备课讲稿
2018年考研英语二真题及答案解析Section I Use of EnglishDirections：Read the following text. Choose the best word (s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)why do people read negative Internet comments and do other things that will obviously be painful?Because humans have an inherent need to 1 uncertainty, according to a recent study in Psychological Science. The new research reveals that the need to know is so strong that people wiill 2 to satisfy their curiosity even when it is clear the answer will 3.In a series of four experiments, behavioral scientists at the University of Chicago and the Wisconsin School of Business tested students' willingness to 4 themselves to unpleasant stimuli in an effort to satisfy curiosity. For one 5 each participant was shown a pile of pens that the researcher claimed were from a previous experiment. The twist?Half of the pens would 6 an electric shock when clicked. Twenty-seven students were told which pens were electrified;another twe nty-seven were told only that some were electrified 7 left alone in the room, the students who did not know which ones would shock th em clicked more pens and incurred more shocks than the students who knew what would 8 .Subsequent experiments reproduced this effect wit h other stimuli, 9 the sound of fingernails on a chalkboard and pho tographs of disgusting insects.The drive to 10 is deeply rooted in humans,much the same as the ba sic drives for 11 or shelter,says Christopher Hsee of the Universityof Chicago. Curiosity is often considered a good instinct-it can 12 new scientific advances, for instance-but sometimes such 13 can back fire.The insight that curiosity can drive you to do 14 things is a profound one.Unhealthy curiosity is possible to 15 ,however. In a f inal experiment,participants who were encouraged to 16 how they would feel after viewing an unpleasant picture were less likely to 17 to see such an image.These results suggest that imagining the 18 of f ollowing through on one's curiosity ahead of time can help determine 19 it is worth the endeavor. Thinking about long-term 20 is key t o reducing the possible negative effects of curiosity."Hsee says.In ot her words,don't read online comments.1. A.resolve B.protect C.discuss D.ignore2.A.refuse B.wait C.seek D.regret3.A.rise st C.mislead D.hurt4.A.alert B.tie C.expose D.treat5.A.message B.trial C.review D.concept6.A.remove B.weaken C.deliver D.interrupt7. A.Unless B.If C.Though D.When8. A.happen B.continue C.disappear D.change9. A.rather than B.such as C.regardless of D.owing to10. A.disagree B. forgive C.forget D.discover11. A.pay B.marriage C.food D.schooling12.A.begin with B.rest on C.learn from D.lead to13.A. withdrawal B. inquiry C .persistence D.diligence14.A.self-destiuctive B.self-reliant C. self-evident D.self-deceptive15.A.resist B.define C.replace D.trace16.A.predict B.overlook C.design D.conceal17. A.remember B.choose C.promise D.pretend18. A.relief B.plan C.outcome D.duty19.A. whether B.why C.where D.how20. A.limitations B.investments C.strategies D.consequences 1. 【答案】A【解析】句首作者提出疑问，“为什么人们会读互联网的负面评论和明显很让人伤心的其它事情呢？”随后作者给出答案，“因为人们都有___不确定性的内在需求”。
2018考研英语二真题及答案
2018考研英语二真题及答案2018年的考研英语二真题是许多考生备考的重点，本文将为大家提供2018考研英语二真题及答案，并对其中涉及的一些重要知识点进行解析。
希望本文能够帮助大家更好地备考英语二科目。
第一部分阅读理解该部分共有三篇阅读理解，分别是长对话、篇章理解和短文阅读。
在这三篇文章中，考生需要仔细阅读题目，并结合文章的内容进行选择。
首先是长对话部分，考生需要阅读一个较长的对话，根据对话内容选择正确的答案。
这部分需要考生寻找对话中的关键信息，理解对话的主题和要点。
其次是篇章理解，这一部分包含了一篇或者多篇篇章，每篇篇章后面都有几道题目需要考生选择答案。
考生需要从篇章中找出相关的信息进行推断和判断。
最后是短文阅读，这一部分提供一篇或者多篇短文，考生需要根据短文内容选择正确的答案。
与篇章理解类似，考生需要理解整篇短文的主题和要点。
第二部分完形填空完形填空是考研英语二的重要部分，需要考生根据短文内容选择最佳的词语或者短语填入空白处，使整篇短文通顺、连贯。
通过对真题的分析，我们可以发现完形填空题目中主要涉及到词汇、语法以及篇章结构等知识点。
因此，考生在备考中需要加强对这些知识点的掌握，并且多做一些相关的练习题。
第三部分翻译翻译是考研英语二的最后一道大题，考生需要根据给定的句子或者短文进行翻译。
这一部分考察考生的翻译能力和语言表达能力。
在这一部分中，考生需要准确理解原文的意思，并将其准确地翻译成英文。
同时，要注意语言的准确性、流畅性和表达的清晰度。
需要提醒的是，翻译是一项需要积累的技能，考生在备考中需要通过大量的练习来提高自己的翻译水平。
综上所述，2018考研英语二真题及答案是备考的重要内容，考生需要对阅读理解、完形填空和翻译等各个部分进行有针对性的备考。
通过不断地练习和积累，相信大家一定能够取得好的成绩！。
2018英语二阅读难度
2018英语二阅读难度2018年英语二阅读部分的难度可以从多个角度来进行评估。
以下是我对该部分难度的综合分析：首先，难度可以从文章内容的复杂性来考量。
2018年英语二阅读部分的文章内容涵盖了不同主题和领域，包括科学、文化、社会等。
这些文章可能涉及一些专业术语和复杂的概念，需要读者具备一定的背景知识和词汇量，以便理解文章的含义和推理作者的观点。
因此，对于那些没有接触过相关领域的考生来说，这些文章可能会有一定的难度。
其次，难度还可以从文章的语言表达和句子结构来考量。
2018年英语二阅读部分的文章使用了较为正式和复杂的语言表达方式，包括长句、从句和复杂的词汇选择等。
这些语言特点可能对于英语水平较低的考生来说会增加阅读的难度，需要他们具备较强的语言分析和理解能力。
此外，难度还可以从题目类型和问题要求来考量。
2018年英语二阅读部分的题目类型包括主旨题、细节题、推理题等。
这些题目可能需要考生在有限的时间内准确理解文章的内容，并根据文章提供的信息进行推理和判断。
对于一些考生来说，这种题目类型可能需要较强的阅读和思维能力，增加了阅读的难度。
最后，难度还可以从考试压力和时间限制来考量。
英语二阅读部分通常在整个考试中占据一定的比重，并且在有限的时间内完成。
这意味着考生需要在较短的时间内快速阅读和理解文章，并回答相关问题。
对于一些阅读速度较慢或对于英语不够自信的考生来说，这种时间压力可能会增加阅读的难度。
综上所述，2018年英语二阅读部分的难度可以从文章内容、语言表达、题目类型和时间限制等多个角度来进行评估。
对于考生来说，提前准备和积累阅读经验，提高英语水平和阅读能力，可以帮助他们更好地应对阅读的难度。
2018考研英语二真题及答案及解析
2018考研英语二真题及答案及解析2018年考研英语二真题及答案解析Section I Use of EnglishDirections：Read the following text. Choose the best word (s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on the ANSWER SHEET.(10 points)why do people read negative Internet comments and do other things that will obviously be painfulBecause humans have an inherent need to 1 uncertainty, according to a recent study in Psychological Science. The new research reveals that the need to know is so strong that people wiill 2 to satisfy their curiosity even when it is clear the answer will 3.In a series of four experiments, behavioral scientists at the University of Chicago and the Wisconsin School of Business tested students' willingness to 4 themselves to unpleasant stimuli in an effort to satisfy curiosity. For one 5 each participant was shown a pile of pens that the researcher claimed were from a previous experiment. The twistHalf of the pens would 6 an electric shock when clicked. Twenty-seven students were told which pens were electrified;another twe nty-seven were told only that some were electrified 7 left alone in the room, the students who did not know which ones would shock th em clicked more pens and incurred more shocks than the students who knew what would 8 .Subsequent experiments reproduced this effect wit h other stimuli, 9 the sound of fingernails on a chalkboard and pho tographs of disgusting insects.The drive to 10 is deeply rooted in humans,much the same as the ba sic drives for 11 or shelter,says Christopher Hsee of theUniversityof Chicago. Curiosity is often considered a good instinct-it can 12 new scientific advances, for instance-but sometimes such 13 can in sight that curiosity can drive you to do 14 things is a profound curiosity is possible to 15 ,however. In a final experiment,particip ants who were encouraged to 16 how they would feel after viewing an unpleasant picture were less likely to 17 to see such an results suggest that imagining the 18 of following through on one's curiosi ty ahead of time can help determine 19 it is worth the endeavor. T hinking about long-term 20 is key to reducing the possible negative effects of curiosity."Hsee other words,don't read online comments.1.8.9. than as of to10. B. forgive11.with on from to. withdrawal B. inquiry C .persistenceself-evident18.. whether20.1. 【答案】A【解析】句首作者提出疑问，“为什么人们会读互联网的负面评论和明显很让人伤心的其它事情呢”随后作者给出答案，“因为人们都有___不确定性的内在需求”。
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2018年考研英语(二)真题及参考答案解析[完整版]
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范文 范例 指导 学习2018 考研英语（二）真题及参考答案（完整版）来源：文都教育Section Ⅰ Use of EnglishDirections:Read the following text . Choose the best word(s) for each numberedblank and mark [A],[B], [C] or [D] on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)Why do people read negative Internet comments and do other things that will obviouslybe painful? Because humans have an inherent need to 1 uncertainty, according to a recent study in Psychological Science. The new research reveals that the need to know is strong that people will 2 to satisfy their curiosity even when it is clear the answer will 3 .In a series of experiments, behavioral scientists at the University ofChicago andthe Wisconsin school of Business testedstudents ’ willingness to4 themselves to unpleasant stimuli in an effort to satisfy curiosity. For one5 , each participantwas shown a pile of pens that the researcher claimed were from a previous experiment. The twist? Half of the pens would 6 an electric shock when clicked.Twenty-seven students were told with pens were electrified; another twenty-seven wer e told only that some were electrified. 7 left alone in the room. The students who did not know which ones would shock them clicked more pens and incurred more shocks than the students who knew that would 8 . Subsequent experiments reproduced this effect with other stimuli, 9 the sound of fingernail s on a chalkboard and photographs of disgusting insects.The drive to 10 is deeply rooted in humans, much the same as the basic drives for11 or shelter, says Christopher Hsee of the University of Chicago. Curiosity is often considered a good instinct — itcan 12 new scientific advances, forinstance —butsometimes such 13 can backfire. The insight that curiosity can drive you to do 14 things is a profound one.Unhealthycuriosity i possible to 15 ,however.In a final participantss experiment,who were encouraged to 16how theywould feel afterviewinganunpleasantpicturewereless likelyto 17 to see such an image. These results suggestthatimaginingthe 18of following throughon one’scuriosity ahead of timecanhelp determine 19 it isworththe endeavor. Thinking about long-term 20 is key to reducing the possiblenegativeeffects of curiosity, ”Hsee says. In other words,don’t read onlinecomments.1.A.ignore B.protect C.discuss D.resolve 2.A.refuse B.seek C.wait D.regret3.A.rise st C.hurt D.mislead4.A.alert B.expose C.tie D.treat5.A.trial B.message C.review D.concept6.A.remove B.deliver C.weaken D.interru pt7.A.Unless B.If C.When D.Though8.A.change B.continue C.disappear D.happen9.A.such as B.ratherthanC.regardlessofD.owingto10.A.disagree B.forgive C.discover D.forget11.A.pay B.food C.marriageD.schooling12.A.beginwith B.rest on C.lead to D.learn fromword 版本整理分享范文范例指导学习13.A.inquiry B.withdrawal C.persistence D.diligence14.A.self-deceptive B.self-reliant C.self-evidentD.self-destructive15.A.trace B.define C.replace D.resist16.A.conceal B.overlook C.design D.predict17.A.choose B.remember C.promise D.pretend18.A.relief B.outcome C.plan D.duty19.A.how B.why C.where D.whether20.A.limitations B.investments C.consequencesD.strategiesSection IIReading ComprehensionPart ADirections:Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing [A],[B],[C]or [D]. Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET.(40 points)Text 1It is curious that Stephen Koziatek feels almost as though he has to justify his effortsto give his students a better future.Mr. Koziatek is part of something pioneering. He is a teacher at a New Hampshire high school where learning is not something of books and tests and mechanical memorization, butpractical. When did it become accepted wisdom that students should be able to name the 13thpresident of the United States but be utterly overwhelmed by a broken bike Chain?As Koziatek know, there is learning in just about everything. Nothing is necessarilygained by forcing students to learn geometry at a graffitied desk stuck with generationsof discarded chewing gum. They can also learn geometry by assembling a bicycle.But he ’s also found a kind of insidious prejudice. Working with your hands is seenas almost a mark of inferiority. School in the family of vocational education “have that stereotype...that it ’s for kids who can ’t make it academically, ” he says .On one hand,that viewpoint is a logical product of America’sevolution.Manufacturingis not the economic engine that it once was.The job security thatthe US economy once offeredto high school graduates has largely evaporated. More education is the new principle.Wewant more for our kids,and rightfully so.But the headlong push into bachelor ’s d egrees for all —and the subtle devaluing ofanything less —misses an important point:That ’s not the only thing the American economy needs.Yes,a bachelor ’s degree opens moredoors.Buteven now,54 percent of the jobs in the country are middle-skill jobs,such as construction and high-skill manufacturing.But only44 percent of workers are adequately trained.In other words,at a time when the working class has turned the country on itspolitical head,frustrated that the opportunity that once defined America is vanishing,one obvious solution is staring us in the face.There is a gap in working-class jobs, but theworkerswho need those jobs most aren ’t equipped to do them.Koziatek’s Manchester School ofTechnology High School is trying to fill that gap.Koziatek ’s school is a wake-up call. Wheneducation becomes one-size-fits-all,it risksoverlooking a nation ’s diversity of gifts.21.A broken bike chain is mentioned to show students ’ lack of .A.academic trainingB.practical abilityword 版本整理分享范文 范例 指导 学习C.pioneering spiritD.mechanical memorization22.There exists the prejudice that vocational education is for kids who. A.have a stereotyped mind B.have no career motivation C.are financially disadvantaged D.are not academically successful23.we can infer from Paragraph 5 that high school graduates. ed to have more job opportunities ed to have big financial concerns C.are entitled to more educational privileges D.are reluctant to work in manufacturing24.The headlong push into bachelors degrees for all. A.helps create a lot of middle-skill jobs B.may narrow the gap in working-class jobs C.indicates the overvaluing of higher education D.is expected to yield a better-trained workforce 25.The author ’s attitude toward Koziatek ’s school can bedescribed as . A.tolerant B.cautious C.supportive D.disappointedText 2 While fossil fuels —coal ， oil ， gas —stillgenerat e roughly 85percent of the world ’s energy supply, it's clearer than ever that the future belongs to renewable sources suchas wind and solar.The move to renewables is picking upmomentumaround the world ： Theynow account for more than half of new power sources going on line.Some growth stems from a commitment by governments and farsighted businesses to fundcleaner energy sources. But increasing ly the story is about the plummetingprices of renewables ， especially wind and solar.The cost of solar panels has dropped by80 percentand the cost of wind turbines by close to one-third in the past eight years.In many parts of the world renewable energy is already a principal energy source.In Scotland ， for example ， wind turbines provide enough electricity to power 95percent ofhomes.Whilethe rest of the world takesthelead ，notablyChina and Europe ， the UnitedStatesis alsoseeingaremarkableshift.InMarch，for the firsttime ，wind andsolarpoweraccountedfo r morethan10percent ofthepowergeneratedin theUS，reportedthe US EnergyInformationAdministrati on.Presiden t Trump hasunderlined fossil fuels—especiallycoal — asthe pathtoeconomicgrowth. In a recent speech in Iowa ，hedismissedwind power as anunreliable energy source.Butthat message did not play well with many in Iowa ， where wind turbines dot the fields andprovide 36 percent of thestate ’s electricitygeneration— and where tech giants likeMicrosoft are being attracted by the availability of clean energy to powertheir datacenters.The question “what happens when the wind doesn’t blow or the sun doesn’t shine? ”has provided a quick put-down for skeptics.But a boost in the storage capacity of batteriesis making their ability to keep power flowing around the clock more likely.word 版本整理分享范文范例指导学习The advance is driven in part by vehicle manufacturers ， who are placing big bets on battery-powered electric vehicles.Although electric cars are still ararity on roads now,this massive investment could change thepicture rapidly in coming years.While there ’ s a long way to go ， the trend lines for renewables are spiking.The paceof change in energy sources appears to be speeding up — perhaps just in time to have a meaningful effect in slowing climate change.What W ashington does—or doesn’t do— to promote alternative energy may mean less and less at a time of a global shift in thought.26.The word “plummeting ”（L ine 3 ， Para.2 ） is closest in meaning to.A.stabilizingB.changingC.fallingD.rising27.According to Paragraph 3 ， the use of renewable energy in America.A.is progressing notablyB.is as extensive as in EuropeC.faces many challengesD.has proved to be impractical28.It can be learned that in Iowa, .A.wind is a widely used energy sourceB.wind energy has replaced fossil fuelsC.tech giants are investing in clean energyD.there is a shortage of clean energy supply29.Which ofthe following is true about clean energy according to Paragraphs 5&6?A.Its application has boosted battery storage.B.It is commonly used in car manufacturing.C.Its continuous supply is becoming a reality.D.Its sustainable exploitation will remain difficult.30.It can be inferred from the last paragraph that renewable energy.A.will bring the US closer to other countriesB.will accelerate global environmental changeC.is not really encouraged by the US governmentD.is not competitive enough with regard to its costText 3The power andambition of thegiantsofthedigitaleconomyis astonishing— Amazonhasjust announced the purchase of the upmarket grocery chain WholeFoods for$13.5bn ， but two years ago Facebook paid even more than that to acquire the WhatsAppmessaging service ，which doesn ’t have any physical ll. What WhatsApp offered Facebook wasproduct at a anintricate and finely detailed web of itsusers’friendships and sociallives ．Facebook promised the European commission then that it would not link phone numbersto Facebookidentities，but it broke thepromisealmostas soon as thedealwentthrough ．Evenwithout knowing what was in the messages ， the knowledge of who sent them and towhom wasenormouslyrevealing and still couldbe． Whatpolitical journalist， whatpartywhip ，wouldnot want to know the makeup of the Whats App groups in which TheresaMay ’ s enemies arecurrentlyplotting?It may be that the value of Whole Foods to Amazonisnot so much the460shops it owns, but the records of which customers have purchasedwhat.Competition law appears to be the only way to address these imbalances ofpower ． Butit is clumsy. For onething, itis veryslowcomparedto the pace ofchangewithin the digitalword 版本整理分享范文范例指导学习economy. By the time a problem has beenaddressed and remedied it may have vanished in themarketplace, to bereplacedby new abuses of power． Butthere isa deeperconceptual problem,too. Competitionlaw as presentlyinterpreted deals with financial disadvantage toconsumers and thisis not obviouswhen theusers of theseservicesdon’t pay forthem． Theusers of their services are not theircustomers ． That would bethepeople who buyadvertisingfrom them — and Facebook and Google ， the two virtualgiants， dominate digitaladvertisingto the disadvantage of all other media and entertainmentcompanies ．Theproduct they ’re selling is data ， and we， the users ，convertourlives to data forthe benefit of the digital giants. Just as some ants farm the bugs called aphidsfor thehoneydew they producewhen theyfeed,so Google farms usfor the data that ourdigital livesyield ． Ants keep predatory insects away from where their aphids feed; Gmail keeps thespammers out of ourinboxes. It doesn ’t feel like a human or democraticrelationship ，even if both sidesbenefit ．31.According to Paragraph 1, Facebook acquiredWhatsApp for its. A.digital productser informationC.physical assetsD.quality service32.Linking phone numbers to Facebook identities may.A.worsen political disputesB.mess up customer recordsC.pose a risk to Facebook usersD.mislead the European commission33.According to the author,competition law.A.should serve the new market powersB.may worsen the economic imbalanceC.should not provide just one legal solutionD.cannot keep pace with the changing marketpetition law as presently interpreted can hardly protect Facebook users because.A.they are not defined as customersB.they are not financially reliableC.the services are generally digitalD.the services are paid for by advertisers35.The ants analogy is used to illustrate.A.a win-win business model between digital giantsB.a typical competition pattern among digital giantsC.the benefits provided for digital giants ’customersD.the relationship between digital giants and theirusersText 4To combat the trap of putting a premium on being busy,Cal Newport,author of Deep work: Rules for Focused Success in a Distracted world, recommends building a habit of “deepwork”— the ability to focus without distraction.There are a number of approaches to mastering the art of deep work — be it lengthy retreats dedicated to a specific task;developing a daily ritual;or taking a“journalistic ”approach to seizing m oments of deep work when you can throughout the day.Whichever approach,the key is to determine your length of focus time and stick to it.Newport also recommends “deepscheduling ” to c ombat constant interruptions and getword 版本整理分享范文范例指导学习more done in less time. “At any given point,Ishould have deep work scheduled for ro ughlythe next m onth.Once on the calendar I protect this time like Iwould a doctor ’s appointmentor important meeting ”,he writes.Another approach to getting more done in less time is to rethink how you prioritizeyour day— in particular how we craft our to-do l ists.Tim Harford, author of Messy:The Powerof Disorder to Transform Our Lives,points to a study in the early 1980s that divided undergraduates into two groups:some were advised to set out monthly goals and study activities;others were told to plan activities and goals in much more detail,day by day.While the researchers assumed that the well-structured daily plans would be mosteffective when it came to the execution of tasks,they were wrong:the detailed daily plans demotivated students.Harford argues that inevitable distractions oftenrender the daily to-do list ineffective,while leaving room forimprovisation in such a list can reap the best results.In order to make the most of our focus and energy. We a lso need to embrace downtime,oras Newport suggests, “be lazy. ”“Idleness is not just a vacation,an indulgence or a vice;it is as indispensable tobe brain as Vitamin D is to the body...[idleness]is, paradoxically,necessary to getting any work done, ”he argues.Srini Pillay,an assistant professor of psychiatry at Harvard Medical School,believesthis counter-intuitive link between downtime and productivity may be due tothe way our brains operate When our brains switch between being focusedand unfocused on a task,theytend to be more efficient.“What people d on’t realise is that in order to complete t hese tasks they need to use both the focus and unfocus circuits in their brain ”. says Pillay.36.The key to mastering the art of deep work is to________. A.keep to your focus timeB.list your immediate tasksC.make specific daily plansD.seize every minute to work37.The study in the early 1980s cited by Harford shows that________. A.distractions may actually increase efficiencyB.daily schedules are indispensable tostudying C. students are hardlymotivated by monthly goalsD.detailed plans many not be as fruitful as expected38.According to Newport, idleness is________. A.a desirable mental state forbusy peopleB.a major contributor to physical healthC.an effective way to save time and energyD.an essential factor in accomplishing any work39. Pillay believes that our brains ’ shift between being focusedand unfocused _______.A.can result in psychological well-beingB.canbring about greater efficiencyC.is aimed at better balance in workD.is driven by task urgency40.This text is mainly about _______.A.ways to relieve the tension of busy lifeB.approaches to getting more done inless timeword 版本整理分享范文范例指导学习C.the key to eliminating distractionsD.the cause of the lack of focus timePart BDirections:Read the following text and match each of the numbered items in theleft column to its corresponding information in the right column. Thereare two extra choices in the right column. Mark your answers on theANSWER SHEET. (10 points)A.Just say itB.Be presentC.Pay a unique compliment, places, thingsE.Find the “me too ”sF.Skip the small talkG.Ask for an opinionFive ways to make conversation with anyoneConversations are links, which means when you have a conversation with a new persona link gets formed and every conversation you have after that moment willstrengthen the link.You meet new people every day: the grocery worker, the cab driver, newpeople at work or the security guard at the door. Simply starting aconversation with them will form alink.Here are five simple ways that you can make the first move and start aconversation with strangers.41._____A_______Suppose you are in a room with someone you don’t know andsomething within you says“Iwant to talk with this person ”— this is something the mostly happens with all of us. You wanted to say something — the first word —but it justwon ’t come out. I t feels like itisstuck somewhere, I know the feeling and here is my advice just get it out.Just think: that is the worst that could happen? They won’t talk with you? Well, theyare not talking with you now!I truly believe that once you get that first word out everything else will just flow.So keep it simple: “Hi ”, “Hey”or “Hello ”—do the best you can to gather all of the enthusiasm and energy you can, put on a big smile and say “Hi ”.42.______F______It ’s a problem all of us face : you have limited time with the person that you wantto talk with and you want to make this talk memorable.Honestly, if we got stuck in the rut of “hi ”, “hello ” , “how are you? ”and“what’s going on? ”you will fail to give the initial jolt to the conversation that ’s can make itso memorable.So don’t be afraid to ask more personal questions. Trust me, you ’ll be surprised tosee how much people are willing to share if you just ask.43._____E_______When you meet a person for the first time, make an effort to find the things which youand that person have in commonso that you can build the conversation f rom that point. Whenyou start conversation from there a nd then move outwards, you’ll find all of a sudden thatthe conversation becomes a lot easier.44._____B_______word 版本整理分享范文范例指导学习Imagine you are pouring y our heart o ut to someone and they are just busy on their phone,and if you ask for their attention you get the response “I can multitask ”.So when someone tries to communicate with you, just be in thatcommunication wholeheartedly. Make eye contact, you can feel theconversation.45._____D_______You all came into a conversation where you first met the person, but after some timeyou may have met a gain and have forgotten their name. Isn ’t that awkward!So remember the little details of the people you met or you talked with; perhaps theplaces they have been to the place they want to go, the things they like, the thing thehate —whatever you talk about.When you remember such thing you can automatically becomeinvestor in their wellbeing.So the feel a responsibility to you to keep that relationship going.That ’s it . Five amazing ways that you can make conversationwith almost anyone. Everyperson is a really good book to read, or to have a conversation with!Section Ⅲ Tra nslation46.Directions:Translate the following text into Chinese. Your translation should be written on the ANSWER SHEET. (15 points)A fifth garder gets a homework assignment to select his future careerpath from a listof occupations. He ticks “astronaut ” but quickly adds “scientist ” to the list andselects it as well. The boy is convinced that if he reads enough. He can explore as manycareer paths as he likes. And so he reads —everything from encyclopedias to science fictionnovels. He reads so passionately t hat his parents h ave to institute a “no reading p olicy ”atthe dinner table.That boy was Bill Gates,and he hasn ’t stopped reading yet —not even after becomingone of the most science fiction and reference books; recently, he revealed that he readsat least so nonfiction books a year. Gates chooses nonfiction title because they explainhow the world works. “Each book opens up new avenues of knowledge, ”Gates says.【参考译文】一个五年级的学生需要完成一份作业，作业的内容是要从工作清单中选出自己未来的职业。
2018年英语二真题解析：整体难度居中部分单词稍稍难
2018年英语二真题解析：整体难度居中部分单词稍稍难店铺考研网为大家提供2018年英语二真题解析：整体难度居中部分单词稍稍难，更多考研资讯请关注我们网站的更新!2018年英语二真题解析：整体难度居中部分单词稍稍难结束了英语的考试，尤其是很多管理类联考的同学这一年的奋斗就已经结束了一大部分，其他考查英语二的同学们加油!考试已落幕，我们一起来看一看今年考研英语二的整体情况，希望它并没有令你们失望。
英语二作为大部分专硕要求的科目，出现的考查方向一致是查找定位和简单词语运用的能力，2018年考研英语就整体而言，和往年没有什么明显的变化，难度仍为居中，若说难度较大的部分相对而言就是阅读部分和翻译中的词汇，具体考情分析如下：一：考试题目上：总体而言，考试的题目并没有明显的变化，仍然在备考范围之内。
完型，阅读，新题型(如小标题选择题)，翻译和写作(大作文饼状图和小作文道歉信)整个试卷的结构依然完整，并没有出现备考之外的“意外情况”。
对于2018的考生来说，心理更加有信心，对于2019的考生来说心理更加坚定了复习的角度和方向。
二：考试难度上：2018年英语二试卷整体难度适中，并没有明显难度区间的变化。
英语二自出生以来肩负的是命更多的不是学术类的，而是实践性的，这也就导致了它的试题难度整体不会太难，总会以整体的考生基础为度量，所以，英语二的考生可以说把心稳稳的放在肚子里就好了。
2010年是英语二出现的第一年，所以2010年的试题就相对来说比较难，然后2011年至2014年属于正常水平范围内出题;2015年的试题整体而言学生反应比较难，做起来不是很顺手;2016年和2017年属于整体难度偏简单，以至于去年英语二整体分数偏高，甚至有在90分以上者;2018年整体还不难，阅读难度上可能有点加大，尤其是词汇理解方面，见面即认识的单词不是那么多。
对于一般同学而言很难直接得出正确选项，但是可以进行排除。
所以，对于2018考生幸福总在预料之中，对于2019的考生来说，未来总是在幸福的道路上。
2018年考研英语二真题答案及解析
Section I Use of English
命题分析：
本文介绍了好奇心给人们带来的负面影响。文章难度不大，常考的总分结构、词汇与搭配辨析和逻辑关 系（指代、并列、转折、列举等）再次成为考点。部分段落里的长难句也在提醒考生要有基本的语法功底。 另外，本文多次出现语义的重复，对解题也有极大的帮助。
芝加哥大学的奚恺元，即这篇论文的合著者，表示（10）探索的动力在人类体内根深蒂固，与对（11） 食物或住处（shelter）的基本动力几乎相同。好奇心经常被认为是一种好的本能（instinct）——例如，它能 （12）带来新的科学进步——但有时候这种（13）探究可能会适得其反。好奇心会驱使你做（14）自我毁灭 的事情，这种洞察力（insight）是真知灼见（a profound one）。
译文识词：
人们为什么浏览网络上的负面（negative）评论，并且做其他明显会痛苦的事情呢？根据《心理科学》上 发表的一项最新研究可知，因为人们都有（1）解决不确定性的内在（inherent）需要。这项新研究揭示 （reveal）：渴望了解的需求如此强烈以至于人们会（2）设法满足自己的好奇心（curiosity），即使答案很明 显会（3）令人痛苦。
【关注微信公众号：考研资料圈儿】祝追梦的你，考研成功！【资料同步QQ群：854656272】
4、【答案】[D]
【解析】固定搭配题。空格位于不定式符号 to 之后，与其后的 oneself to sth.构成动词短语；空格处动作 的发出者是 students，上文表明人们为了满足好奇心，愿意去做令自己痛苦的事情，故答案为 D，表示为了满 足好奇心而让自己接触令人不悦的刺激物。
11、【答案】[D]
2018 年全国硕士研究生招生考试英语(二)试题
2018年全国硕士研究生招生考试英语（二）试题SectionⅠUse of EnglishDirections:Read the following text.Choose the best word(s)for each numbered blank and mark A,B,C or D on the ANSWER SHEET.(10points)Why do people read negative Internet comments and do other things that will obviously be painful?Because humans have an inherent need to1uncertainty,according to a recent study in Psychological Science.The new research reveals that the need to know is so strong that people will2to satisfy their curiosity even when it is clear the answer will3.In a series of experiments,behavioral scientists at the University of Chicago and the Wisconsin School of Business tested students’willingness to4themselves to unpleasant stimuli in an effort to satisfy curiosity.For one5,each participant was shown a pile of pens that the researcher claimed were from a previous experiment.The twist?Half of the pens would6an electric shock when clicked.Twenty seven students were told which pens were electrified;another twenty seven were told only that some were electrified.7left alone in the room,the students who did not know which ones would shock them clicked more pens and incurred more shocks than the students who knew that would8.Subsequent experiments reproduced this effect with other stimuli,9the sound of fingernails on a chalkboard and photographs of disgusting insects.The drive to10is deeply rooted in humans,much the same as the basic drives for11or shelter,says Christopher Hsee of the University of Chicago.Curiosity is often considered a good instinct—it can12new scientific advances,for instance—but sometimes such13can backfire. The insight that curiosity can drive you to do14things is a profound one.Unhealthy curiosity is possible to15,however.In a final experiment,participants who were encouraged to16how they would feel after viewing an unpleasant picture were less likely to17to see such an image.These results suggest that imagining the18of following through on one’s curiosity ahead of time can help determine19it is worth the endeavor.“Thinking about long term20is key to reducing the possible negative effects of curiosity,”Hsee says.In other words,don’t read online comments.1.[A]ignore[B]protect[C]discuss[D]resolve2.[A]refuse[B]seek[C]wait[D]regret3.[A]rise[B]last[C]hurt[D]mislead4.[A]alert[B]expose[C]tie[D]treat5.[A]trial[B]message[C]review[D]concept6.[A]remove[B]deliver[C]weaken[D]interrupt7.[A]Unless[B]If[C]When[D]Though8.[A]change[B]continue[C]disappear[D]happen9.[A]such as[B]rather than[C]regardless of[D]owing to10.[A]disagree[B]forgive[C]discover[D]forget11.[A]pay[B]food[C]marriage[D]schooling12.[A]begin with[B]rest on[C]lead to[D]learn from13.[A]inquiry[B]withdrawal[C]persistence[D]diligence14.[A]self deceptive[B]self reliant[C]self evident[D]self destructive15.[A]trace[B]define[C]replace[D]resist16.[A]conceal[B]overlook[C]design[D]predict17.[A]choose[B]remember[C]promise[D]pretend18.[A]relief[B]outcome[C]plan[D]duty19.[A]how[B]why[C]where[D]whether20.[A]limitations[B]investments[C]consequences[D]strategiesSectionⅡReading ComprehensionPart ADirections:Read the following four texts.Answer the questions after each text by choosing A,B,C or D. Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET.(40points)Text1It is curious that Stephen Koziatek feels almost as though he has to justify his efforts to give his students a better future.Mr.Koziatek is part of something pioneering.He is a teacher at a New Hampshire high school where learning is not something of books and tests and mechanical memorization,but practical.When did it become accepted wisdom that students should be able to name the13th president of the United States but be utterly overwhelmed by a broken bike chain?As Koziatek knows,there is learning in just about everything.Nothing is necessarily gained by forcing students to learn geometry at a graffitied desk stuck with generations of discarded chewing gum.They can also learn geometry by assembling a bicycle.But he’s also found a kind of insidious prejudice.Working with your hands is seen as almost a mark of inferiority.Schools in the family of vocational education“have that stereotype…that it’s for kids who can’t make it academically,”he says.On one hand,that viewpoint is a logical product of America’s evolution.Manufacturing is not the economic engine that it once was.The job security that the US economy once offered to high school graduates has largely evaporated.More education is the new principle.We want more for our kids,and rightfully so.But the headlong push into bachelor’s degrees for all—and the subtle devaluing of anything less—misses an important point:That’s not the only thing the American economy needs.Yes,a bachelor’s degree opens more doors.But even now,54percent of the jobs in the country are middle skill jobs,such as construction and high skill manufacturing.But only44percent of workers are adequately trained.In other words,at a time when the working class has turned the country on its political head, frustrated that the opportunity that once defined America is vanishing,one obvious solution is staring us in the face.There is a gap in working class jobs,but the workers who need those jobs most aren’t equipped to do them.Koziatek’s Manchester School of Technology High School is trying to fill that gap.Koziatek’s school is a wake up call.When education becomes one size fits all,it risks overlooking a nation’s diversity of gifts.21.A broken bike chain is mentioned to show students’lack of.［A］academic training［B］practical ability［C］pioneering spirit［D］mechanical memorization22.There exists the prejudice that vocational education is for kids who.［A］have a stereotyped mind［B］have no career motivation［C］are financially disadvantaged［D］are not academically successful23.We can infer from Paragraph5that high school graduates.［A］used to have more job opportunities［B］used to have big financial concerns［C］are entitled to more educational privileges［D］are reluctant to work in manufacturing24.The headlong push into bachelors degrees for all.［A］helps create a lot of middle skill jobs［B］may narrow the gap in working class jobs［C］indicates the overvaluing of higher education［D］is expected to yield a better trained workforce25.The author’s attitude toward Koziatek’s school can be described as.［A］tolerant［B］cautious［C］supportive［D］disappointedText2While fossil fuels—coal,oil,gas—still generate roughly85percent of the world’s energy supply,it’s clearer than ever that the future belongs to renewable sources such as wind and solar. The move to renewables is picking up momentum around the world:They now account for more than half of new power sources going on line.Some growth stems from a commitment by governments and farsighted businesses to fund cleaner energy sources.But increasingly the story is about the plummeting prices of renewables, especially wind and solar.The cost of solar panels has dropped by80percent and the cost of wind turbines by close to one third in the past eight years.In many parts of the world renewable energy is already a principal energy source.In Scotland, for example,wind turbines provide enough electricity to power95percent of homes.While the rest of the world takes the lead,notably China and Europe,the United States is also seeing a remarkable shift.In March,for the first time,wind and solar power accounted for more than10 percent of the power generated in the US,reported the US Energy Information Administration.President Trump has underlined fossil fuels—especially coal—as the path to economic growth.In a recent speech in Iowa,he dismissed wind power as an unreliable energy source.But that message did not play well with many in Iowa,where wind turbines dot the fields and provide 36percent of the state’s electricity generation—and where tech giants like Microsoft are being attracted by the availability of clean energy to power their data centers.The question“what happens when the wind doesn’t blow or the sun doesn’t shine?”has provided a quick put down for skeptics.But a boost in the storage capacity of batteries is makingtheir ability to keep power flowing around the clock more likely.The advance is driven in part by vehicle manufacturers,who are placing big bets on battery powered electric vehicles.Although electric cars are still a rarity on roads now,this massive investment could change the picture rapidly in coming years.While there’s a long way to go,the trend lines for renewables are spiking.The pace of change in energy sources appears to be speeding up—perhaps just in time to have a meaningful effect in slowing climate change.What Washington does—or doesn’t do—to promote alternative energy may mean less and less at a time of a global shift in thought.26.The word“plummeting”(Line2,Para.2)is closest in meaning to.［A］stabilizing［B］changing［C］falling［D］rising27.According to Paragraph3,the use of renewable energy in America.［A］is progressing notably［B］is as extensive as in Europe［C］faces many challenges［D］has proved to be impractical28.It can be learned that in Iowa,.［A］wind is a widely used energy source［B］wind energy has replaced fossil fuels［C］tech giants are investing in clean energy［D］there is a shortage of clean energy supply29.Which of the following is true about clean energy,according to Paragraphs5&6?［A］Its application has boosted battery storage.［B］It is commonly used in car manufacturing.［C］Its continuous supply is becoming a reality.［D］Its sustainable exploitation will remain difficult.30.It can be inferred from the last paragraph that renewable energy.［A］will bring the US closer to other countries［B］will accelerate global environmental change［C］is not really encouraged by the US government［D］is not competitive enough with regard to its costText3The power and ambition of the giants of the digital economy is astonishing—Amazon has just announced the purchase of the upmarket grocery chain Whole Foods for$13.5bn,but two years ago Facebook paid even more than that to acquire the WhatsApp messaging service,which doesn’t have any physical product at all.What WhatsApp offered Facebook was an intricate and finely detailed web of its users’friendships and social lives.Facebook promised the European commission then that it would not link phone numbers to Facebook identities,but it broke the promise almost as soon as the deal went through.Even without knowing what was in the messages,the knowledge of who sent them and to whom was enormously revealing and still could be.What political journalist,what party whip,would not want to know the makeup of the WhatsApp groups in which Theresa May’s enemies are currently plotting?It may be that the value of Whole Foods to Amazon is not so much the460shops it owns,but the records of which customers have purchased what.Competition law appears to be the only way to address these imbalances of power.But it is clumsy.For one thing,it is very slow compared to the pace of change within the digital economy. By the time a problem has been addressed and remedied it may have vanished in the marketplace, to be replaced by new abuses of power.But there is a deeper conceptual problem,too. Competition law as presently interpreted deals with financial disadvantage to consumers and this is not obvious when the users of these services don’t pay for them.The users of their services are not their customers.That would be the people who buy advertising from them—and Facebook and Google,the two virtual giants,dominate digital advertising to the disadvantage of all other media and entertainment companies.The product they’re selling is data,and we,the users,convert our lives to data for the benefit of the digital giants.Just as some ants farm the bugs called aphids for the honeydew they produce when they feed,so Google farms us for the data that our digital lives yield.Ants keep predatory insects away from where their aphids feed;Gmail keeps the spammers out of our inboxes.It doesn’t feel like a human or democratic relationship,even if both sides benefit.31.According to Paragraph1,Facebook acquired WhatsApp for its.［A］digital products［B］user information［C］physical assets［D］quality service32.Linking phone numbers to Facebook identities may.［A］worsen political disputes［B］mess up customer records［C］pose a risk to Facebook users［D］mislead the European commission33.According to the author,competition law.［A］should serve the new market powers［B］may worsen the economic imbalance［C］should not provide just one legal solution［D］cannot keep pace with the changing marketpetition law as presently interpreted can hardly protect Facebook users because.［A］they are not defined as customers［B］they are not financially reliable［C］the services are generally digital［D］the services are paid for by advertisers35.The ants analogy is used to illustrate.［A］a win-win business model between digital giants［B］a typical competition pattern among digital giants［C］the benefits provided for digital giants’customers［D］the relationship between digital giants and their usersText4To combat the trap of putting a premium on being busy,Cal Newport,author of Deep work:Rules for Focused Success in a Distracted world,recommends building a habit of“deep work”—the ability to focus without distraction.There are a number of approaches to mastering the art of deep work—be it lengthy retreats dedicated to a specific task;developing a daily ritual;or taking a“journalistic”approach to seizing moments of deep work when you can throughout the day.Whichever approach,the key is to determine your length of focus time and stick to it.Newport also recommends“deep scheduling”to combat constant interruptions and get more done in less time.“At any given point,I should have deep work scheduled for roughly the next month.Once on the calendar I protect this time like I would a doctor’s appointment or important meeting”,he writes.Another approach to getting more done in less time is to rethink how you prioritize your day—in particular how we craft our to-do lists.Tim Harford,author of Messy:The Power of Disorder to Transform Our Lives,points to a study in the early1980s that divided undergraduates into two groups:some were advised to set out monthly goals and study activities;others were told to plan activities and goals in much more detail,day by day.While the researchers assumed that the well-structured daily plans would be most effective when it came to the execution of tasks,they were wrong:the detailed daily plans demotivated students.Harford argues that inevitable distractions often render the daily to-do list ineffective, while leaving room for improvisation in such a list can reap the best results.In order to make the most of our focus and energy,we also need to embrace downtime,or as Newport suggests,“be lazy”.“Idleness is not just a vacation,an indulgence or a vice;it is as indispensable to the brain as Vitamin D is to the body…［idleness］is,paradoxically,necessary to getting any work done,”he argues.Srini Pillay,an assistant professor of psychiatry at Harvard Medical School,believes this counter-intuitive link between downtime and productivity may be due to the way our brains operate.When our brains switch between being focused and unfocused on a task,they tend to be more efficient.“What people don’t realise is that in order to complete these tasks they need to use both the focus and unfocus circuits in their brain”,says Pillay.36.The key to mastering the art of deep work is to.［A］keep to your focus time［B］list your immediate tasks［C］make specific daily plans［D］seize every minute to work37.The study in the early1980s cited by Harford shows that.［A］distractions may actually increase efficiency［B］daily schedules are indispensable to studying［C］students are hardly motivated by monthly goals［D］detailed plans may not be as fruitful as expected38.According to Newport,idleness is.［A］a desirable mental state for busy people［B］a major contributor to physical health［C］an effective way to save time and energy［D］an essential factor in accomplishing any work39.Pillay believes that our brains’shift between being focused and unfocused.［A］can result in psychological well-being［B］can bring about greater efficiency［C］is aimed at better balance in work［D］is driven by task urgency40.This text is mainly about.［A］ways to relieve the tension of busy life［B］approaches to getting more done in less time［C］the key to eliminating distractions［D］the cause of the lack of focus timePart BDirections:Read the following text and answer the questions by choosing the most suitable subheading from the list A-G for each numbered paragraph(41-45).There are two extra subheadings which you do not need to use.Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET.(10points)［A］Just say it［B］Be present［C］Pay a unique compliment［D］Name,places,things［E］Find the“me too”s［F］Skip the small talk［G］Ask for an opinionFive ways to make conversation with anyoneConversations are links,which means when you have a conversation with a new person,a link gets formed and every conversation you have after that moment will strengthen the link.You meet new people every day:the grocery worker,the cab driver,new people at work or the security guard at the door.Simply starting a conversation with them will form a link.Here are five simple ways that you can make the first move and start a conversation with strangers.41.Suppose you are in a room with someone you don’t know and something within you says“I want to talk with this person”—this is something the mostly happens with all of us.You want to say something—the first word—but it just won’t come out.It feels like it is stuck somewhere,I know the feeling and here is my advice:just get it out.Just think:what is the worst that could happen?They won’t talk with you?Well,they are not talking with you now!I truly believe that once you get that first word out everything else will just flow.So keep it simple:“Hi”,“Hey”or“Hello”—do the best you can to gather all of the enthusiasm and energy you can,put on a big smile and say“Hi”.42.It’s a problem all of us face:you have limited time with the person that you want to talk with and you want to make this talk memorable.Honestly,if we got stuck in the rut of“hi”,“hello”,“how are you?”and“what’s going on?”, you will fail to give the initial jolt to the conversation that can make it so memorable.So don’t be afraid to ask more personal questions.Trust me,you’ll be surprised to see how much people are willing to share if you just ask.43.When you meet a person for the first time,make an effort to find the things which you and that person have in common so that you can build the conversation from that point.When you start conversation from there and then move outwards,you’ll find all of a sudden that the conversation becomes a lot easier.44.Imagine you are pouring your heart out to someone and they are just busy on their phone,and if you ask for their attention you get the response“I can multitask”.So when someone tries to communicate with you,just be in that communication wholeheartedly.Make eyecontact.Trust me,eye contact is where all the magic happens.When you make eye contact,you can feel the conversation.45.You all came into a conversation where you first met the person,but after some time you may have met again and have forgotten their name.Isn’t that awkward!So remember the little details of the people you met or you talked with;perhaps the places they have been to,the place they want to go,the things they like,the thing the hate—whatever you talk about.When you remember such things you can automatically become investor in their wellbeing. So they feel a responsibility to you to keep that relationship going.That’s it.Five amazing ways that you can make conversation with almost anyone.Every person is a really good book to read,or to have a conversation with!SectionⅢTranslation46.Directions:Translate the following text into Chinese.Write your translation neatly on the ANSWER SHEET. (15points)A fifth grader gets a homework assignment to select his future career path from a list of occupations.He ticks“astronaut”,but quickly adds“scientist”to the list and selects it as well.The boy is convinced that if he reads enough,he can explore as many career paths as he likes.And so he reads everything from encyclopedias to science fiction novels.He reads so passionately that his parents have to institute a“no reading policy”at the dinner table.That boy was Bill Gates,and he hasn’t stopped reading yet—not even after becoming one of the most successful people on the planet.Nowadays,his reading material has changed from science fiction and reference books;recently,he revealed that he reads at least50nonfiction books a year.Gates chooses nonfiction titles because they explain how the world works.“Each book opens up new avenues of knowledge,”Gates says.SectionⅣWritingPart A47.Directions:Suppose you have to cancel your travel plan and will not be able to visit Professor Smith. Write him an email to1)apologize and explain the situation,and2)suggest a future meeting.You should write about100words on the ANSWER SHEET.Do not use your own e“Li Ming”instead.Do not write your address.(10points)Part B48.Directions:Write an essay based on the chart below.In your writing,you should1)interpret the chart,and2)give your comments.You should write about150words on the ANSWER SHEET.(15points）2017年某市消费者选择餐厅时的关注因素2017年全国硕士研究生招生考试英语（二）试题SectionⅠUse of EnglishDirections:Read the following text.Choose the best word(s)for each numbered blank and mark A,B,C or D on the ANSWER SHEET.(10points)People have speculated for centuries about a future without work.Today is no different,with academics,writers,and activists once again1that technology is replacing human workers.Some imagine that the coming work-free world will be defined by2：A few wealthy people will own all the capital,and the masses will struggle in an impoverished wasteland.A different,and not mutually exclusive3holds that the future will be a wasteland of a different sort,one4by purposelessness:Without jobs to give their lives5,people will simply become lazy and depressed.6,today’s unemployed don’t seem to be having a great time.One Gallup poll found that20percent of Americans who have been unemployed for at least a year report having depression,double the rate for7Americans.Also,some research suggests that the8 for rising rates of mortality,mental-health problems,and addiction9poorly-educated, middle-aged people is a shortage of well-paid jobs.Perhaps this is why many10the agonizing dullness of a jobless future.But it doesn’t11follow from findings like these that a world without work would be filled with unease.Such visions are based on the12of being unemployed in a society built on the concept of employment.In the13of work,a society designed with other ends in mind could14 strikingly different circumstances for the future of labor and leisure.Today,the15of work may be a bit overblown.“Many jobs are boring,degrading,unhealthy,and a waste of human potential,”says John Danaher,a lecturer at the National University of Ireland in Galway.These days,because leisure time is relatively16for most workers,people use their free time to counterbalance the intellectual and emotional17of their jobs.“When I come home from a hard day’s work,I often feel18,”Danaher says,adding,“In a world in which I don’t have to work,I might feel rather different”—perhaps different enough to throw himself19a hobby or a passion project with the intensity usually reserved for20matters.1.[A]boasting[B]denying[C]warning[D]ensuring2.[A]inequality[B]instability[C]unreliability[D]uncertainty3.[A]policy[B]guideline[C]resolution[D]prediction4.[A]characterized[B]divided[C]balanced[D]measured5.[A]wisdom[B]meaning[C]glory[D]freedom6.[A]Instead[B]Indeed[C]Thus[D]Nevertheless7.[A]rich[B]urban[C]working[D]educated8.[A]explanation[B]requirement[C]compensation[D]substitute9.[A]under[B]beyond[C]alongside[D]among10.[A]leave behind[B]make up[C]worry about[D]set aside11.[A]statistically[B]occasionally[C]necessarily[D]economically12.[A]chances[B]downsides[C]benefits[D]principles13.[A]absence[B]height[C]face[D]course14.[A]disturb[B]restore[C]exclude[D]yield15.[A]model[B]practice[C]virtue[D]hardship16.[A]tricky[B]lengthy[C]mysterious[D]scarce17.[A]demands[B]standards[C]qualities[D]threats18.[A]ignored[B]tired[C]confused[D]starved19.[A]off[B]against[C]behind[D]into20.[A]technological[B]professional[C]educational[D]interpersonalSectionⅡReading ComprehensionPart ADirections:Read the following four texts.Answer the questions after each text by choosing A,B,C or D. Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET.(40points)Text1Every Saturday morning,at9am,more than50,000runners set off to run5km around their local park.The Parkrun phenomenon began with a dozen friends and has inspired400events in the UK and more abroad.Events are free,staffed by thousands of volunteers.Runners range from four years old to grandparents;their times range from Andrew Baddeley’s world record13 minutes48seconds up to an hour.Parkrun is succeeding where London’s Olympic“legacy”is failing.Ten years ago on Monday,it was announced that the Games of the30th Olympiad would be in London.Planning documents pledged that the great legacy of the Games would be to lever a nation of sport lovers away from their couches.The population would be fitter,healthier and produce more winners.It has not happened.The number of adults doing weekly sport did rise,by nearly2million in the run-up to2012—but the general population was growing faster.Worse,the numbers are now falling at an accelerating rate.The opposition claims primary school pupils doing at least two hours of sport a week have nearly halved.Obesity has risen among adults and children.Official retrospections continue as to why London2012failed to“inspire a generation.”The success of Parkrun offers answers.Parkrun is not a race but a time trial:Your only competitor is the clock.The ethos welcomes anybody.There is as much joy over a puffed-out first-timer being clapped over the line as there is about top talent shining.The Olympic bidders,by contrast,wanted to get more people doing sport and to produce more elite athletes.The dual aim was mixed up:The stress on success over taking part was intimidating for newcomers.Indeed,there is something a little absurd in the state getting involved in the planning of such a fundamentally“grassroots”concept as community sports associations.If there is a role for government,it should really be getting involved in providing common goods—making sure there is space for playing fields and the money to pave tennis and netball courts,and encouraging the provision of all these activities in schools.But successive governments have presided over selling green spaces,squeezing money from local authorities and declining attention on sport in education. Instead of wordy,worthy strategies,future governments need to do more to provide the conditions for sport to thrive.Or at least not make them worse.21.According to Paragraph1,Parkrun has.［A］gained great popularity［B］created many jobs［C］strengthened community ties。
2018考研英语二真题及解析(文字完整版
2018考研英语二真题及解析（文字完整版）2018年研究生入学统一考试英语二真题及解析已经公布，详情如下：Section I Use of EnglishDirections：Read the following text. Choose the best word (s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)why do people read negative Internet comments and do other things that will obviously be painful?Because humans have an inherent need to 1 uncertainty,according to a recent study in Psychological Science. The new research reveals that the need to know is so strong that people wiill 2 to satisfy their curiosity even when it is clear the answer will 3.In a series of four experiments, behavioral scientists at the University of Chicago and the Wisconsin School of Business tested students' willingness to 4 themselves to unpleasant stimuli in an effort to satisfy curiosity. For one 5 each participant was shown a pile of pens that the researcher claimed were from a previous experiment. The twist?Half of the pens would 6 an electric shock when clicked.Twenty-seven students were told which pens were electrified;another twenty-seven were told only that some were electrified 7 left alone in the room, the students who did not know which ones would shock them clicked more pens and incurred more shocks than the students who knew what would 8 .Subsequent experiments reproduced this effect with other stimuli, 9 the sound of fingernails on a chalkboard and photographs of disgusting insects.The drive to 10 is deeply rooted in humans,much the same as the basic drives for 11 or shelter,says Christopher Hsee of the University of Chicago. Curiosity is often considered a good instinct-it can 12 new scientific advances, for instance-but sometimes such 13 can backfire.The insight that curiosity can drive you to do 14 things is a profoundone.Unhealthy curiosity is possible to 15 ,however. In a final experiment,participants who were encouraged to 16 how they would feel after viewing an unpleasant picture were less likely to 17 to see such an image.These results suggest that imagining the 18 of followingthrough on one's curiosity ahead of time can help determine 19 it is worth the endeavor. Thinking about long-term 20 is key to reducing the possible negative effects of curiosity."Hsee says.In other words,don't read online comments.1. A.resolveB.protectC.discussD.ignore2.A.refuseB.waitC.seekD.regretstC.misleadD.hurt4.A.alertB.tieC.exposeD.treat5.A.messageB.trialC.reviewD.concept6.A.removeB.weakenC.deliverD.interrupt7. A.UnlessB.IfC.ThoughD.When8. A.happenB.continueC.disappearD.change9. A.rather thanB.such asC.regardless ofD.owing to10. A.disagreeB. forgiveC.forgetD.discover11. A.payB.marriageC.foodD.schooling12.A.begin withB.rest onC.learn fromD.lead to13.A. withdrawalB. inquiryC .persistenceD.diligence14.A.self-destiuctiveB.self-reliantC. self-evidentD.self-deceptive15.A.resistB.defineC.replaceD.trace16.A.predictB.overlookC.designD.conceal17. A.rememberB.chooseC.promiseD.pretend18. A.reliefB.planC.outcomeD.duty19.A. whetherB.whyC.whereD.how20. A.limitationsB.investmentsC.strategiesD.consequencesSection ⅡReading ComprehensionPart ADirections:Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET. (40 points)Text 1It is curious that Stephen Koziatek feels almost as though he has to justify his efforts togive his students a better future.Mr.Koziatek is part of something pioneering. He is a teacher at a New Hampshire highschool where learning is not something of books and tests and mechanical memorization,but practical. When did it become accepted wisdom that students should be able to namethe 13th president of the United States but be utterly overwhelmed by a broken bikechain?As Koziatek knows,there is learning in just about everything. Nothing is necessarilygained by forcing students to learn geometry at a graffitied desk stuck with generations of discarded chewing gum. They can also learn geometry by assembling a bicycle.But he’s also found a kind of insidious prejudice. Working with your hands is seen asalmost a mark of inferiority.Schools in the family of vocational education “have that stereotype..that it’s for kids who can’t make it academically,”he says.On one hand,that viewpoint is a logical product of America’s evolution.Manufacturing is not the economic engine that it once was.The job security that the US economy onceoffered to high school graduates has largely evaporated.More education is the newprinciple.We want more for our kids,and rigitfully so.But the headlong push into bachelor’s degrees for all -and the subtle devaluing of anything less-misses an important point:That’s not the only thing the American economy neds.Yes,a bachelor’s degree opens more doors.But even now,54 percent of the jobs in the country are middle-skill jobs,such as construction and high-skill manufacturing.But only 44 percent of workers are adequately trained.In other words,at a time when the working class has turned the country on its politicalhead,frustrated that the opportunity that once defined America is vanishing,one obvious solution is staring us in the face.There is a gap in working-class jobs,but the workers whoneed those jobs most aren’t equipped to do them.Koziatek’s Manchester School of Technology High School is trying to fill that gap.Koziatek’s school is a wake-up call.When education becomes one-size-fits-all,it risks overlooking a nation’s diversiy of gifts.21.A brokan bike chain is mentioned to show students’lack of______.A.mechanical memorizationB.academic trainingC.practical abilityD.pioneering spirit22.There existsthe prejudice that vocational education is for kids who______.A.are financially disadvantagedB.are not academically successfulC.have a stereotyped mindD.have no career motivation23.We can infer from Paragraph 5 that high school graduates______.A.are entitled to more “ducational privilegesB.are reluctant to work in manufacturinged to have more job opportunitiesed to have big financial concerns24.The headlong push into bacheloi’s degrees for all_____.A.helps create a lot of middle-skill jobsB.may narrow the gap in working-class jobsC.is expected to yield a better-trained workforceD.indicates the overvaluing of higher education25.The author’s attitude toward Koziatek’s school can be described as_____.A.supportiveB.disappointedC.tolerantD.cautious21. 答案 C practical ability。