六个听写文本

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人教版一年级语文上册词语听写表(含拼音、必考)

shǎo jiàn 少见 Zhǎnɡ yá 长牙
kāi xīn 开心
chū
huǒ shuǐ
dà lì
wú lì
lì
lì lì
shuǐ diàn
shuǐ xià shǒu
shǒu
大力出力无力火力水力字（二）4 shǒu shǒu shuǐ shuǐ xià
jīn tóu tián chē shuǐ 手巾手头水田水车下水 ɡuǎnɡ shànɡ shǒu zú chū
下头
bái shuǐ shuǐ diàn hé mǐ tián diàn zǐ tián
bái bù jiàn bái
tiān
le kāi shuǐ
文7 文8 文9 文10
白米水田水电电子禾田
Zhǎnɡ Zhǎnɡ chū chū chū
dà zǐ
mén tóu tǔ
长大长子出门出头出土
bàn ɡè dà bā zhōnɡ bā
半个大巴
中巴
文13 文14 文15
kāi shū běn wén
wú yè
wén běn běn rén
yè běn zǐ shū
无业开业书本本子文书文本本人
zì dōnɡ xī dōnɡ jǐ fānɡ fānɡ xī
自己东方西方东西
huí máo pí nēi fēi mǎ mù bái niǎo tiān chē mǎ mǎ
飞鸟飞天马车木马白马
bái ɡōnɡ ɡōnɡ shànɡ xià yún wén chē chē chē
白云公文公车上车下车
白天不见了白开水

英语四级听力新题型模拟听写训练

英语四级听力新题型模拟听写训练:第1套-短篇新闻(1)Questions 1 and 2 will be based on the following news item.Recently, a photo showing a visitor on the Great Wall last week aroused a heated discussion on the Internet. They called it the "great queue of China". It was, with the famous structure snaking to the horizon behind him completely hidden by a mass of other tourists. The vast imperial palace, the Forbidden City, at one point welcomed more than 180,000 visitors in a single day. In the desert at Dunhuang, at least two camels transporting tourists reportedly died from overwork in the Golden Week. And Chinese media said road traffic was up by thirteen percent on last year, causing unprecedented jams.英语四级听力新题型模拟听写训练(第1套) 短篇新闻(2)Questions 3 and 4 will be based on the following news item.These days, German government has been criticized for not doing enough to commemorate the 100th anniversary of World War I.Germany has spent less on events than some other European countries.And the events which have taken place have been seen as half-hearted by critics.Traditionally in Germany the First World War is overshadowed by the Second World War. History teaching in German schools tends to focus on the crimes of the Nazis rather than what happened a generation earlier.And since 1945 there's been a strong aversion in Germany to anything that might be seen as glorifying militarism.So many people here are uncomfortable with any anniversary of a war or a battle.There's still some disagreement among historians about who was responsible for World War I. But having spent the last 70 years making up for Nazi guilt,many Germans have little appetite to now take on the blame for the First World War, too. Question 3.What makes the German government be criticized recently?Question 4.What's the attitude of German people towards militarism?问题3和问题4是基于下面这则新闻的。

一年级听写词语

听写词语内容1《画》人：一个人个人火：大火火车文：人文天文六：六天2《四季》七：七上八下儿：儿子鸟儿九：九十无：无人无力无心3《小小竹排画中游》口：人口口子心口日：日子日本中：中文中心中年中用4《哪座房子最漂亮》了：走了子：个子小子门：门口入门上门大门木门山门月：月儿日月5《爷爷和小树》不：不了不上不下不三不四开：开门开口开山四：四人五：五天6《静夜思》目：目中无人耳：耳目木耳头：口头人头头上开头米：大米小米7《小小的船》见：不见开门见山白：白天白日白毛电：电子电力8《阳光》也：也好长：长出长大山：山上大山山头长白山火山出：出门出口日出出头出入出来9《影子》飞：飞鸟飞了飞出马：马上白马马儿下马鸟：小鸟鸟儿火鸟水鸟10《比尾巴》云：白云云儿公：公车车：车上开车电车马车出车下车1《比一比》牛：牛头公牛一头牛羊：山羊牛羊白羊小：大小少：少了不少少见2《自选商场》巾：毛巾牙：大牙门牙月牙一口牙尺：尺子毛：牛毛羊毛长毛3《菜园里》卜：萝卜又：又一个心：开心小心心里心中心头风：大风风车无风山风风风火火4《日月明》力：风力出力火力手：手中水手小手手心手巾手头水：水火口水下水开水山水水田大水课文11《我多想去看看》广：广大广东广西升：上升足：手足火力十足走：出走走出走开飞走12《雨点儿》方：四四方方半：一半半天半个巴：下巴13《平平搭积木》本：本子文本本来一本书平：平日水平书：书本14《自己去吧》自：来自己：自己东：东西东方西：西方西瓜15《一次比一次有进步》回：回头下回见飞回头一回片：一片云皮：皮毛牛皮书皮16《雪地里的小画家》生：一生生日出生人生里：手里田里十里果：果子水果果皮17《雪地里的小画家》几：几个几个用：用心用水用电鱼：鱼头鱼片小鱼鱼皮18《借生日》今：今天今日正：方方正正雨：下雨雨天雨水风雨小雨大风大雨两：两个人三三两两19《雪孩子》瓜：瓜皮瓜子瓜果木瓜衣：皮衣风衣毛衣上衣大衣雨衣来：回来来回来自下来自来水20《小熊住山洞》年：两年今年来年左：左右左手右：右耳右手。

专四听写文本

专四听写⽂本1. Teaching and LearningTeaching is supposed to be a professional activity requiring long and complicated training as well as official certification. The act of teaching is looked upon as a flow of knowledge from a higher source to an empty container. The student’s role is one of receiving information, while the teacher’s is one of sending it.There is a clear distinction assumed between one who is supposed to know and another, usually, younger person who is supposed not to know. However, teaching needn’t be a province of a sp ecial group of people nor need it looked upon as a technical skill .Teaching can be more like guiding and assisting than forcing information into a supposedly empty head. If you have a certain skill, you should be able to share it with someone. You don’t h ave to get certified to convey what you know to someone else or to help them in their attempts to teach themselves.2. CometsIn recent years, scientists’ investigation of comet has increased because of a growing interest in the origin of the sun and planets. Scientists want to learn how comets are formed. They think such information will help to explain the origin of the solar system.The word “comet” comes from Greek and means “hairy object”. In history comets have a special place. People believed that they broughtthe news of death, destruction or military victories.The tails of comet provided views with spectacular sights at night. Comet tails are millions of kilometers long. The tails frequently reach lengths of 250 million kilometers and more.The most famous comet of history is called Halley’s Comet, which appears every 76 years. It was named for Edward Halley, a British astronomer. He predicted the appearance of the comet in 1758,16 years after his death. Halley’s comet is extremely bright and has two tails. In the 20th century it returned in 1910 and 1986.3. Foreign Language StudyThe knowledge of a foreign language is an important part of an education. A person cannot be considered truly educated if he knows only one language. Nevertheless, the importance of learning a foreign language is often underestimated. English is one of the most commonly used languages in international communication. Some speakers of English mistakenly argue that it is unimportant for them to learn another language for communicative purposes. They think that everyone else should know English. But there are still billions of people who do not speak English, and many of these people have limited education opportunities. If English speakers do not make the effort to learn to communicate in other languages, they should not expect others to gain the knowledge of English.If there is to be world peace, the people of the world must understand each other. Communication is necessary to their understanding, but people cannot communicate if they do not speak the same language.4. BalloonsBalloons have been used for sports for about one hundred years. There are two kinds of sport balloons: gas and hot air. Hot air balloons are safer than gas balloons, which may catch fire. Hot air balloons are preferred by most balloonists in the United States because of their safety. They are also cheaper and easier to manage than gas balloons. Despite the ease of operating a balloon, pilots must watch the weather carefully. Sport balloon flights are best early in the morning or late in the afternoon, when the wind is light. Over the years, balloonists have tried unsuccessfully to cross the Atlantic. It wasn’t until 1978 that three American balloonists succeeded. It took them just six days to make the trip from their homes in the United States to Paris, France. Their voyage captured the imagination of the whole world.5. AdvertisingAdvertising has already become a specialized activity in modern times. /I n today’s business world, supply is usually greater than demand. /There is great competition between manufactures of the same kind of product /be cause they want to persuade customers to buy their particular brand. /They always have to remind their customers/ of the name and qualities of thei r products by advertising. /The manufacture advertises in newspapers and on the radio. /He sometimes employs sales girls to distribute samples of t heir products./ He sometimes advertises on the Internet as well. /In additi on, he always has advertisements put into television programs thatwill ac cept them. /Manufactures often spend huge sums of money on advertisem ents. /We buy a particular product because we think that is the best. /We u sually think so because the advertisements say so. /People often don’t ask themselves if the advertisements are telling the truth/ when they buy adv ertised products from shops.6.British Holidaying HabitsIn the late 1970s, air travel became affordable for the average family in t he UK, and more people started travelling abroad for their summer holida ys. After all, the British weather wasn’t very good, even in summer, so a l ot of people left the country for a vacation.In the 1980s and 1990s, young people in the UK became wealthier on av erage. As a result, they started to go abroad in groups, to places such as S pain and Greece. Once they arrived at their destination, they met with oth er groups of young people and had one long party.British holidaying habits have begun to change, however. Climate chang e means that the UK now has a hotter climate, so people do not need to go overseas to find good weather. Also, going abroad is more expensive. A s a result, more British people are choosing to spend their summer holida ys in the UK.7. Choosing a CareerWhen students graduate from college, / many of them do not know how t hey want to spend their working lives, / and they sometimes move from j ob to job / until they find something that suits them / and of equal importa nce to which they are suited. Others never find a job in which they are rea lly happy. / They remain all their lives square pegs in round holes. /When we choose our careers, we need to ask ourselves two questions. / First, wh at do we think we would like to be?/ Second, what kind of people are we? / The idea, for example, of being a painter or a musician may seem very attractive, / but unless we have great talent and are willing to work very h ard, / we are certain to fail in these occupations, / and failure will lead to unhappiness in life. /So it is important to assess our suitability for a certai n career in job search.8.EcotourismNowadays, many of us try to live in a way that will damage the environm ent as little as possible. We recycle our newspapers and bottles, we take p ublic transport to get to work, we try to buy locally produced fruit and ve getables，and we want to take these attitudes on holiday with us. This is why altern ative forms of tourism are becoming popular in the world. There are a lot of names for these new forms of tourism: responsible tourism, nature tour ism, adventure tourism, educational tourism and more.Although everyone may have a different definition, most people agree th at these new forms of tourism should do the following: first, they should c onserve the wildlife and culture of the area; second, they should benefit th e local people; third, they should make a profit without destroying natural resources; and finally they should provide an experience that tourists wa nt to pay for.9.Freshman’s WeekBritain has a well-respected higher education system and some of the top universities and research institutions in the world. But to those who are ne w to this system, it can sometimes be confusing. October is usually the bu siest month in the academic calendar. Universities have something called “freshman's week” for their newcomers. It's a great opportunity to make n ew friends, join in lots of clubs and settle into university life. However, h aving just left the comfort of home and all your friends behind, the prospe ct of meeting strangers in classrooms and dormitories can be worrying. W here do you start? And who should you make friends with? Which clubs a nd society should you join? Luckily, there will be thousands of others in the same boat as you. They worry about starting their university social life on the right foot. So just take it all in slowly. Don't rush into anything tha t you'll regret for the next three years10.Limiting the Growth of TechnologyThroughout history man has changed his physical environment to im prove his way of life. With the tools of technology, man has altered many physical features of the earth. He has transformed woodland into farmlan d. He has modified the face of the earth by cutting through mountains to b uild roads and railways.However, these changes in the physical environment have not always had beneficial results. Today, pollution of the air and water is a danger to the health of the planet. Each day, thousands of tons of gases come out of vehicles. Smoke from factories pollutes the air of industrialized areas and the surrounding countryside. The air in cities is becoming increasingly unhealthy. The pollution of water is equally harmful. In the sea, pollution fr om oil is killing a lot of sea plants and fish. It is now necessary for man to limit the growth of technology in order to survive on earth.11.What is a dream forOne theory is that we dream to release the deep, secret desires. We do not express these desires in real life because of the rules of polite society. Another theory is that dreams allow us to solve problems that we can’t solve i n real life. We go to sleep with a problem and wake up with the solution. This may be a way to use our dreams rather than a purpose of dreaming. I f you believe that your dreams are important then analysing them may help you to focus on the problem and help you to find the solution. The modern image is that dreams are the brain’s way of cleaning up the c omputer’s hard disk. Dreams organize the events of the day into folders a nd delete what is not needed. But we all know that very little of what we dream is concerned with what happened to us that day.12.New Year's EveFor many people in the west, New Year’s Eve is the biggest party of the y ear. It’s time to get togethor with friends or family and welcome in the co ming year. New Year’s parties can take place in different places. Some pe ople hold a house party; others attend street parties, while some just go fo r a few drinks with their friends. Big cities have large and spectacular fire works displays. There is one thing that all New Year’s Eve parties have in common, the countdown to midninght. When the clock strikes 12, people give a loud cheer and sing songs. It’s also popular to make a promise in t he New Year. This is called a New Year’s resolution. Typical resolutions i nclude giving up smoking and keeping fit. However the promise is often broken quite quickly and people are back into their bad habits within weeks or days.13.The InternetThe Internet is the most significant progress in the field of communicatio n. /lmagine a book that never ends, a library with a million floors ,/or ima gine a research project with thousands of scientists /working around the cl ock forever./This is the magic of the Internet. /Yet the Internet has the pot ential for good and bad. /0ne can find well-organized information-rich we bsites./At the same time, one can also find wasteful websites. /Most websi tes are known as different Internet applications./These include online gam es, chat rooms and so on./These applications have great power too. /Some times the power can be so great /that young people may easily become vi ctims to their attraction. /So we need to recognize the seriousness of the p roblem. /We must work together to use its power for better ends.13.Wrist WatchIt is generally believed that wristwatches are an exception to the normal s equence in the evolution of men's jewelry./ Reversing the usual order, the y were first worn by women/ and then adopted by men./ In the old days, q ueens included wristwatches among their crown jewelry. / Later they wer e worn by Swiss workers and farmers. / Until World War I, Americans associated the watch with fortune hunters. / Then army officers discovered th at the wristwatch was most practical for active combat. Race car drivers a lso loved to wear wristwatches/ and pilots found they are most useful whi le flying. / Soon men dared to wear wristwatches without feeling self-con scious. / By 1924 some 30% of men ' s watches were worn on the wrist. / Today the figure is 90% / and they are now worn by both men and wome n/ for practical purposes rather than for decoration.。

大学四级英语听写100篇文本

Passage 1College LifeAmerican college and university students who live away from their families/ are generally housed in dormitories at least for their first year. / Men and women often live in the same building, / tho ugh they may live on separate floors. /Some dorms have a theme, like an international house, / where students can lean about other cul tures. / In language houses, students try to avoid speaking their native language. / The idea is to l ean a different language. /Colleges and universities often have many clubs that students can join. / These include political, r eligious and service clubs, / as well as groups for activities like singing, dancing, cooking, even lea ning how to play magic. / Schools may also have internal sports clubs. / These are for students wh o do not play for a school team / but want organized sports with other students. / And schools wil l often recognize a new club or activity if enough students are interested. /Passage 2Names in AmericaMost parents in the United States give their babies a first, middle and last name when they are bo rn. / The last name is generally their family name. / First names are a different story. /Some children's names are also the names of cities, plants or flowers. / Religious names from the Bible are also common. / Americans even choose names from other countries. / Americans are in terested in the names / that famous actors, entertainers and athletes give their children. / Some f amous people like names that have been around for many years. / Last names as first names are also popular. /Middle names have become important because many famous people use them. / A middle name is also a way for parents to honor a family member or hero. / Some parents give a girl a boy's mid dle name. / Some American women use their former last name / as middle name after they marr y. /Passage 3The Space RaceThe space race between the United States and the former Soviet Union began in October of 1957, / when the Soviets launched the first man-made satellite into orbit around Earth. / Weeks later t he second satellite was launched. /Their success added to the tensions of what was known as the Cold War, / which many people wo rried could lead to nuclear war. / And it pushed Americans to work harder to reach outer space. / Three months later, the United States launched its own satellite. / Then, in 1961, the Soviet Union sent the first person into space. / An American astronaut followed less than a month later. / The space race continued. / The finish line was the moon. / And it was reached when the crew of American spaceship landed in 1969. / Today, there is cooperation between the Russian and Ameri can space programs. / Astronauts share duties on the International Space Station. / And other co untries are expanding their space programs. /Passage 4Summer for College StudentsCollege students spend their summers in many different ways. / Many students work hard at Sum mer jobs. / They realize it can be difficult to balance college classes and a job during the school ye ar. / Summer is a good time to save up some money. /Restaurants, swimming pools, stores and ot her businesses are always looking for hardworking students. / Some students get jobs in the field they hope to enter after college. /The experience gives students a taste of the world outside of co llege. / Other college students choose to take summer classes. /Instead, they take just one or two . / The extra classes can help students to get ahead in their studies. /However, summers are not all work. / Students spend time with friends, go to a movie or take a tr ip. / A relaxing day under the summer sun / will help students forget a]l about tests and studying' /Passage 5The English LanguageEnglish is the most widespread language in the world /and is more widely spoken and written tha n any other language. / More people are trying to lean English in the world. / English is the langu age of political negotiations and international business. / It has become the international languag e of science and medicine. / International treaties say passenger airplane pilots must speak Englis h. / English is the major foreign language taught in most schools in South America and Europe. / School children in the Philippines and Japan begin learning English at an early age. / English is the official language of more than 75 countries / including Britain, Canada, the United States, Australi a, and South Africa. /In countries where many different languages are spoken,/ English is often used as an official lan guage to help people communicate./ India is a good example./ English is the common language in this country/ where at least 24 languages are spoken by more than one million people./Passage 6DatingDating is the traditional first step toward marriage. /But dating and establishing a relationship can be hard work. . /So a lot of people want to go where they can meet people with similar interests. /They might look for someone/ who share a common interest in religion or books, for example. / A lot of bookstores now have places that serve coffee and food. /Many offer special programs an d social activities for single people. /Singles may join health clubs, or sports teams or maybe even a group for people who like to take l ong walks in the wood. /If nothing else, at least they will have gotten some exercise. /Some people use dating services, /which help people choose a person they might like. /Many ne wspapers and magazines publish message/ from people who are seeking someone to date./ Ther e are also telephone dating services, video dating services and online dating services./Passage 7National Spelling BeeEvery year, the best young English language spellers from around the world / gather in Washingto n, D.C. for the National spelling Bee. / They spell complex words / that most English speakers hav e never even heard of'. /The national spelling bee takes place over two intense days of competition in a large hotel meeting room. / The spellers sit together in front of several judges./ Each speller stands when it is his or her turn. / When the judge calls out the word, / spellers can ask for help. / They can ask for the d efinition of the word or for it to be used in a sentence. / They can also ask which language the wo rd came from. / This can often help them decide how it is spelled. /Students who spell the word correctly remain in the competition. / But if the speller makes a mist ake, / a bell rings and the child must leave the group. /Passage 8SalesWhen a store sells goods or services at a cost lower than usual, it is called a sale./ Sales last for a l imited time. / Then the cost is retuned to its usual amount. /There are many kinds of sales. / For example, a “back-to-school sale” is held near the beginning o f the school year. / Parents can save money on clothes and school supplies for their children. / A “midnight madness” event Starts very late at night. / An “early bird special” sale starts very early in the morning, /usually before the sunrises. /This kind of sale is popular the day after Thanksgiving in November. / A favorite sale among many people is the “buy one, get one free,” sale. / You buy one thing and get a second one with out cost. / Another kind of sale is a “going out of business ” sale. / This is when a store owner tries to sell all the goods in the store / before closing the bus iness permanently. /buy one, get one free买一送一permanently 永久地Passage9Test of English as a Foreign LanguageIt is the most widely respected English-language test in the world, / recognized by morethan 8,000 colleges and universities in more than 130 countries. / It is called TOEFL, which stands for Test English as a Foreign Language. / TOEFL is an important test for foreign students who want to study America. / More than 4,000 American universities and other schools / require students s eek admission to take the test. / Each year, nearly a million individuals of all ages take the TOEFL l evel to demonstrate their English-language proficiency. / It measures your ability to use and unde rstand English at the university level. / And it evaluates how well you combine your four skills, / lis tening reading, speaking and writing skills to perform academic tasks. / There are two formats for the TOEFL test. / The format you take depends on the location of your test center. / Nowadays, m ost test takers take the Internet-based Test. / Test centers that do not have Internet access offer t he Paper-based Test TOEFL 托福考试demonstrate 说明，显示evaluate评估；评价format形式Internet-based 基于互联网的proficiency 熟练，精通Passage10Heat StressThe most common health problem linked to hot weather is heat stress. / The causes of heat stres s include wearing heavy clothing, / physical work or exercise, hot weather and high humidity./If s everal of these conditions are present at the same time, / a person's body temperature may rise a bove safe levels. / Most people suffer only muscle pain because of heat stress. / The pain is a war ning that the body is becoming too hot. / Doctors say those suffering muscle pains should stop all activity and rest in a cool place. / Doctors say not to return to physical activity for a few hours / b ecause serious conditions could develop. / Some people face an increased danger from heat stres s. / They may have a weak or damaged heart, / high blood pressure or other problems of the bloo d system. / Severe heat is also dangerous for people who weigh too much and have too much bo dy fat, / and for people who drink alcohol. /humidity 湿度，潮湿Passage11Foreign Language Study in AmericaForeign language study starts at a very young age for many students in America. / Some students start language training at age six. / States do not require foreign language training this early in ed ucation. / But many students choose to study languages in elementary school. / The most popula r languages for young students are Spanish, French and German. /Almost 7 million students in public secondary schools in the United States / are studying a foreign language. / Each state sets its own requirements for foreign language study / at the junior high a nd high school level. / Many students graduate high school with at least two years of foreign lang uage study. / Some study a foreign language for four years. / There are different foreign language requirements at colleges and universities. / Some universities require students to have had severa l years of language education in high school. / In addition, many colleges and universities require students / to complete at least two years of foreign language study before graduating. /Passage 12Variations in British AccentsLanguage changes over time as people try to express themselves in different ways to different pe ople. / And English, although broadly the same language, / is spoken in lots of different ways buy l ots of different people. / Normally this is because people live far apart. / However, even in Britain, a relatively small place, / there are huge variations in the way people speak English. / And that is not to forget the large numbers of people who speak other languages as their first language. / Written English is much more fixed, / and changes much less quickly than spoken English. / Peopl e across Britain speak English using not only different accents, but different expressions. /For exa mple, people of different ages and from different parts of Britain / may greet you with as many di fferent words. / As people migrate into Britain, and as people move around Britain more freely, / accents change more quickly. / However, most British people can guess where another British per son from because of their accent. /broadly 广泛地 relatively 相对地 variation 变化，变体 migrate 移居Passage 13Teaching AssistantsForeign students at American colleges and universities may earn money / after they successfully complete an entry-level study program. / Those wishing to continue their education could work as a teaching assistant, or T.A /A teaching assistant usually works about twenty hours each week. / Teaching assistants are paid t o help professors teach students in entry-level study programs. /Generally, the professor gives a talk, or lecture, / to a large group of students one or two times a week. / The teaching assistant meets with smaller groups of students during the week. / The T.A. gives tests and reads any homework or reports the students may be required to write. / Teaching assistants also meet with students who seek help. / They attend teaching meetings / An d some working with science professors help to organize laboratory equipment. /Most American colleges and universities must honor legal requirements / when employing foreig n students as teaching assistants. / One of these is that the T.A. must speak English well. / entry-level入门级的 legal requirement 法定条件Passage 14Open-source SoftwareOpen-source software is computer software / that is available to the general public in source cod e form. / If a person has enough knowledge about computers and computer programming, / he o r she can change the program's source code. / The source code is like a set of directions that sho w the gram how to operate. /People change the codes so that the program will operate / in a way that will meet their needs. / Some changing the code will make the program run faster. / Or it will take problems out of the pr ogram. / These problems can cause a computer program to shut down. / People who change the source code of a computer program / share these programs with each other on the Internet. / Pr ogrammers enjoy being able to improve computer programs on their own. / They enjoy being abl e to ask other people on the Internet for help with their programs. / Working together, people ca n improve computer programs for the good of the group. /source code 源代码the general public 公众operate 运行shut down （机器）关闭 on one's own 独自地Passage 15Party TimeAmericans plan parties for marry reasons. / As in other cultures, many Americans attend parties f or weddings and religious and national holidays. / But some parties are especially American. /For example, a group of neighbors may gather on their street to eat food, play music and visit with on e another. / This is called a block party. / A woman might invite a group of women to a party / call ed a baby shower for a friend who is about to give birth. / Guests bring presents for the new baby . /Birthday parties are also very popular. / Many parents organize a party for their child around a th eme. / Rock star parties axe very popular for young girls and boys' / Birthday parties usually inclu de gifts and a birthday cake with candles. / Birthday parties can be low cost or very costly. /Some parents take their children's birthday parties very seriously, / even when the child is too young tofully understand the celebration. / block party街头聚会 give birth (to) 产生costly 昂贵的Passage 16TimeIf you can read a clock, you can know the time of day. / But no one knows what time itself is. / For all our success in measuring the smallest parts of time, / time remains one of the great mysteries of the universe. /One way to think about time is to imagine a world without time. / There could be no movement, / because time and movement cannot be separated. / A world without time could exist only as lo ng as there were no changes, / for time and change are linked. / We know that time has passed w hen something changes. /In the real world with time, however, changes never stop. /Some changes happen only once in a while, like an eclipse of the moon. / Others happen repeatedly, like the rising and setting of the s un. / Humans always have noted natural events that repeat themselves. / When people began to count such events, they began to measure time. /eclipse（日，月）食rising and setting of the sun日出和日落Passage 17PatentPatents are meant to protect the chances of inventors / to make money from their creations. / Th e term of a patent is up to 20 years. / During that time, the inventor controls the legal right / to m ake, use or sell the invention. / After 20 years, anyone can make or sell the invention. /A patent gives both inventors and investors time to develop and market a product. / Patents also provide a way to share and spread technical information. /Suppose you have an idea for an invention. / How do you get a patent to protect your rights? / Th e first step is to record your idea on paper. / You must be sure no one else has invented a device j ust like yours. / So you must examine the descriptions of similar devices that already have patents . / This can be a big job and take a long time. / Many inventors pay patent lawyers to do this job. /patent 专利up to 到达……之多Passage l8Central ParkCentral Park in New York City is the first m4ior city park in America. / It contains more than 340 h ectares of land. / The designer's goal is to make a beautiful natural environment / with lakes, woo ds and open areas for all the people of New York to enjoy. /About 25 million people visit Central Park each year. / These include people from other areas of A merica and from foreign countries. / Millions of people who live in New York love Central Park / a s a place to escape from their small apartments in high-rise buildings. /Every day, people walk, run or ride bicycles along the paths in Central Park. / Others walk their do gs, play baseball, / row a boat on the lake or eat a meal on the grass. / Bird-watchers can observe more than 200 kinds of birds in the park. / Many people also use the park for special events. / For example, some people choose one of the beautiful natural areas in the park / as the perfect plac e to get married. /hectare 公顷 special event 特别事件Passage l9Yard SalesYard sales do not have to be huge. / One family, or even one person, can hold a yard sale People simply collect some things they no longer want / and put them in the yard outside their h ome. / They might also place handmade signs on nearby streets to direct people to the sale. / Yard sales are a good way for people without much money / to find things for their family. / But e ven people with a lot of money like to look around. / Professional dealers might also go to yard sa les. / If they find something valuable at a low price, they can re-sell it for more. / Still other peopl e go to yard sales because they enjoy the hunt. / They like to find beautiful or unusual things / th at are being sold for less than the value. / For example, they may find a piece of old furniture / th at is worth a lot of money after it is repaired. /dealer 商人Passage 20Pressing Oil from SeedsOil is separated from seeds by using pressure. / A machine called a press is often used. / The first step in pressing the oil from seeds is to crush the seeds between two stones./ A cloth container o r bag is filled with the crushed seeds. / Then the bag is hung up. / Some of the oil will flow out of the bag and can be collected. / But some oil will remain in the crushed seeds inside the bag. / The easiest way to get the rest of the oil out / is to place heavy rocks on the crushed material. / Another method is to place several cloth bags on top of each other in a box, / Then a long woode n stick is used to slowly push a heavy cover down on the bags' / Great pressure is produced in this way. / Much greater pressure can be produced by using a machine. / The greater the pressure, / t he more oil will be produced. /seed 种子hang up 挂起来press 榨油机，压榨 flow out of 从……中流出Passage 21University DaysBritish universities start in September or October. / Courses normally last 3 years, / but some, suc h as languages, engineering or medicine, can take much longer to complete. /Students usually go to university in a different town, / so they need to get used to living alone, pa ying bills and washing their own clothes! / For many, this is a difficult time, but everyone soon be comes used to it! /Universities in Britain used to be free, / but many students now have to pay for part of their course. / Similarly, students used to receive a grant from the government. / Nowadays, they have to ap ply for student loans or take part-time jobs. / Either way, it can be difficult and many students hav e money problems. /University life is not just about studying, however. / Many students take part in drama production s or play music. / Others, of course, take part in a wide range of sports, / such as football, rugby a nd cricket. /grant 助学金，补助金 loan 贷款 cricket 板球Passage 22American Education SystemThe education system in the United States is controlled by state and local governments. / But edu cation laws are similar in each state. / For example, in all 50 states and 6 territories, / all children must attend school from the age of 6 or 7 to the age of 16. / Public schools are free of charge for grades 1 through 12. /Private schools also operate in a1l states and territories. / Some private schools are operated by c hurches and religious groups./ Other private schools are not linked to any religious organization/. Private schools must be approved by the state in which they operate. / Most private schools do n o receive government money. / The parents of private school students pay the school. /The school year usually begins in September and continues until June. / Most states require a sch ool year of 180 days. / Some schools have changed this schedule / and require students to attend school throughout the year. /territory领土，领域Passage 23Universities in the USThere are thousands of colleges and universities in the United States. / Nearly half of the high sch ool graduates in America go on to college. / Most go to large state universities. / Some of these u niversities have 40,000 or more students. / There are also many small universities with only a few hundred students. / Large universities have many buildings, / each building for a particular subje ct. / Students often must go from one class in one building to the next class in another building ac ross campus. / They may have only a few minutes between classes to go from one building to ano ther. /When students begin the university, they must take classes in many subjects. / These are the requ ired courses. / English and math are usually required courses, / and often a history and a science c ourse are required too. / Students will study mostly required courses during their first year. / Later , they will specialize, and take courses in one subject. /graduate 毕业生specialize 专攻state university 州立大学required course 必修课Passage 24Music in British SchoolsMusic plays a big part in British schools. / Pupils can learn an instrument at school. / Traditionally, school children learn classical instruments. / Younger children often learn the recorder. / As they get older, they start to play the violin or piano. / In fact, nearly one out of five music students is le arning the violin. / The piano, or keyboard, is more popular with older children at secondary scho ol, / however, more pupils than ever before are now learning the guitar, / as they think playing th e guitar is cool. /British schools do not just offer lessons for instruments, / but they have music classes for all pupil s. / In the past, the focus of classes was very much Western classical music. / But the classes now cover a far wider range of styles, including folk music and world music. / Many schools have orch estras and put on concerts each term. / It is also common for pupils themselves to form their own bands. /recorder八孔长笛folk music 民乐orchestra 管弦乐队Passage 25Summer School and Online ClassesIn the United States, summer school used to be seen mainly as a place / for high school students t o repeat classes they failed. / But summer programs have expanded. / Students often go to summ er school / so they can ease their class load during the school year. / Or it might give them more f reedom / to choose the classes they want during the regular term. /Summer school students do the same amount of work / as if they took the class during the school year. / But they do it in just one to two months. /Another choice for many students is to take classes online. / However, some online classes requir e students to come to a classroom to take tests. / Students may also have to take part in group dis cussions with the teacher online. / And there may be a required number of hours to spend logged on each day. / Yet there may also be freedom to do the work anytime, day or night. /summer program暑假课程ease the class load 减轻学业负担regular term常规学期log on 登录Passage 26American MoviesAmerican Movies do not attempt to show the lives of all the people of the United States. / Many movies contain some truth. / But even a movie that deals with true subjects / represents the idea s of the person who wrote it, / the people who acted in it and the person who directed it. / Over the years, some Americans have tried to ban some kinds of movies. / These include movies t hat are violent or show people having sexual relations. / People have taken legal action to stop su ch movies. / But court decisions have said that the right to make any kind of movie / is protected by the part of the United States Constitution / that guarantees freedom of speech. / In the United States, people have the right / to produce a bad movie or write a bad book. /People who make movies try to provide entertainment and excitement. / However, entertainment are excitement often have nothing to do with the real world. /the United States Constitution 美国宪法Passage 27The Library of CongressThe Library of Congress is America's national library. / It has more than 120 million books and oth er objects. / It has newspapers, popular publications and letters of historical interest. / It also has maps, photographs, art prints, movies, sound recordings and musical instruments. /The Library of Congress is open to the public Monday through Saturday, / except for government holidays. / Anyone may go there and read anything in the collection. / But no one is permitted tak e books out of the building. /The Library of Congress provides books and materials to the United States Congress. / It also lend s books to other American libraries, government agencies and foreign libraries. / It buys some of i ts books and gets others as gifts. / It also gets materials through its copyright office. / Anyone wh o wants copyright protection for a publication / must send two copies to the library. / This means the Library of Congress receives almost everything published in the United States. /of historical interest 有历史意义的 sound recording 录音copyright protection 版权保护United States Congress 美国国会Passage 28TheatreIn many parts of the world, "going to the theatre" is seen as an activity / which only a very few pe ople do. / "Theatre" is not often seen as being a pastime that many ordinary people do. / Ordinar y people watch TV, or go to the cinema, / or go out to eat with friends. / The theatre is for rich, u pper-class intellectuals. / Like a lot of obvious remarks, there is some truth in this. / Theatre ticket s are quite expensive. /They cost more than cinema tickets. / Theatres which show new plays are usually only in big cities. / However, even though this is true, / there are a lot of theatre companie s who are challenging this idea. / And the way they are challenging this idea is by working with sc hools. / In the UK, many theatre companies now have an "educational department". / They go int o schools and help students to understand and e4ioy the plays they do. /intellectual 知识分子 pastime 消遣娱乐 upper-class 上层社会的 remark /话语Passage 29GuitarProbably no other musical instrument is as popular around the world as the guitar. / Musicians us e the guitar for almost every kind of music. / Country and western music would not be the same without a guitar. / The traditional Spanish folk music could not exist without a guitar. / The sound of American blues music would not be the same / without the sad cry of the guitar. / And rock an d roll music would almost be impossible without this instrument. /Music experts do not agree about where the guitar first was played. / Most agree it is ancient. /S ome experts say an instrument very much like a guitar / was played in Egypt more than 1,000 yea rs ago. / Some other experts say that the ancestor of the modem guitar was brought to Spain / fr om the ancient Iran sometime in the 12th century. / The guitar continued to develop in Spain. / In。

期末复习model1-8听写文本(全)

1．LawsBefore laws were written, there was no sure way of knowing what was permitted and what was forbidden. One judge might apply one set of rules to a case while another judge might apply completely different rules to a similar case. It all depended on the personal judgment of one person. Today we follow the custom of recording our laws. Rules passed by our lawmakers are printed and available for everyone to see. Unless laws are publicly available, we do not regard them as binding. Each of us is subject to many different sets of laws. Some laws say what is permitted, such as how fast you may drive. Other laws say what is required, such as paying a federal income tax. Still other laws say what is prohibited, such as smoking in elevators. In the United States, federal laws apply to everyone and state laws apply to activities within each state.2．StressAs the pace of life continues to increase, we are fast losing the art of relaxation. Once you are in the habit of rushing through life, it is hard to slow down. But relaxation is essential to a healthy mind and body. Stress is a natural part of everyday life. In fact, it is not the bad thing it is often supposed to be. A certain amount of stress is vital to provide motivation. It is only when the stress get out of control that it can lead to poor performance. The amount of stress a person can withstand depends very much on the individual. Some people are not afraid of stress, others lose heart at the first signs of unusual difficulties. Since we cannot remove stress from our lives, we need to find ways to deal with it.3 The family fulfills a number of roles, such as providing education and recreational activities. Yet, there are several major functions performed by the family. First, unlike the young of animals, human infants need constant care and economic securities. In all cultures, the family assumes ultimate responsibility for he protection of children. Second, parents monitor a child’s behavior and tranmist the values and language of a culture to the child. Third, ideally, the family provides members with warm and intimate relationships and helps them to feel satisfied and secure. Unilike other institutions, the family is oblidged to serve the emotional needs of its members. Finally, family resource s affect children’s ability to pursue certain opportunities such as higher education and specialized study. It is apparent, then, that the family has been assigned at least four vital functins wihtin human societies.4 TV RatingsChildren in the United States watch from one to five hours of television every day. Tha's a lot of television! Teachers and parents don't like a lot of children's relevision programs. They think a lot of these programs are not suitable for children. For thisreason, every television program in America has a rating. The ratings tell paretns about the program. Parents can check the ratings in the neswpaper and this gives parents a choice. TV-G programs are suitable for all ages, and families watch them together. TV-Y programs are suitable for children 2-6, and they don't frighten children. TV-PG programs are suitable for some children, but they can frighten children. Some parents watch these programs with their chidlren. Then, they can answer their children's questions. TV-14 programs are suitalbe for children 14 and older. TV_MA programs are for adults, 17 and older. They are not suitable for children.5Stock ExchangeAnother key finacial institution in the money market is the stock exchange. The stock exchange makes a market through stockbrokers. In the United State the market is made by specialists who are wholesalers of stocks and shares. They hold a "float " of shares at any time, and daily prices are set as they mark prices down and as they balance shares offered with shares demanded. Stock exchange transactions occur within a complex network of law, government regulations, and the internal rules of the individual governing bodies. Stock markets throughout the world have become increasingly institutionalized in the last 30 years. Although small savings have expanded greatly, they have in general been used to boost the great growth in personal insurance and pensions. Hence the main supply of funds to the stock market is now through insurance compainies, pension funds, private universities and other institutional fund sources.6The story of teaTea remained unknown to the western world until the sixteenth century, when European explorers who traveled to Chain and other Far Eastern countries returned with a host of new foods, spices and beverages. Very soon a thriving commerce in China teas was established. In 1826 the Dutch established plantations on Java, followed some ten years later by British, who set up tea estates in India. The production of tea has since spread rapidly. Tea is made form the leaves of an evergreen tropical and subtropical plant. Black tea is produced by first allowing tea leaves to wither. The leaves are fed through rolling machines to release the juices. The rolled tea leaves are then placed in extremely humid room and left to ferment.Fermentation is stopped by drying the leases over fires on pans, trays or baskets, a process that also seals in their final flavor.7College lifeWhen students leave for college at an age 17 or 18, many of them have never been away from home and their family. The transition to greater freedom and responsiblility may be difficult for them,with no oine to wake them up for breakfast or do their laundry and fewer classes to attend but larger amounts of homework..Some students don’t adjust succeessfully. In the United States, where almost 70% of high school graduates enter college, only a minority of these actually graduate. College has many sociual attarctions, some of which can be distractions. Sports, concerts and parties can be very time-consuming. The temptation to stay up too late at night is always present, so self-discipline is an important lesson to learn. In addition, many students have part-time jobs,especucally in the US where most students have cars and are expected to help their parents pay for tuition or college housing.8 .MP3 PlayerDespite a cloud of conntroversy and litigation over the legality of some web music sites, online music files are apparently here to stay. Many of those files are transferred from computers to more than 3.5 million portable MP3 players, small as a walkabout radio, or even smaller. Music fans have already downloaded an estimated 5 million copies of software programs that play computer files. These files that use MP3 encoding currently are the predominant means of compressiong music foles online. Many MP3 players look much like portable radios. Other look like large pens or even watches. Inside each player is a computer chip and memory that can store and play compressed digital audio files and will sometimes store other computer files as well. Digital audio can be downloaded from various websites, played on the home computer itself, transferred to one of these players, or recorded onto CDs for permanent storage.。

听写文本参考样本

1. 我相信我们彼此之间的合作和研究能够在一定程度上改变呃…改变中国和美国在本领域之间的发展。

2. 我不得不说，嗯，我们之间的这种合作，呃…中国和加拿大之间的科学家之间的合作是，是何等地重要，我们之间的相互理解和共同学习促使我们在呃在各个领域之间的相互理解相互相互相互学习，能够促使我们的共同的共同的事业，这种多样性肯定是比单独孤立的行动更有效。

3. 假如没有没有中国和加拿大专家的专家的参与，那么我们美国也难美国美国以及我们的政府很难很难再取得如此大的成就。

4. 在这里我谨代表我我我所在的大学，呃…提供呃…提供15万8千美元的呃…基金来呃…来支持我们在下个夏季呃…6周下个夏季举行的6周的研究工作。

5. 允许我们，请允许我们所有的参与者能代表呃…参与者能呃…所有的参与者在我们的代表团加入这次的会会议，而我们在为下一次的会议下一轮的下一轮的呃…能够促进更大的发展。

44301088403121-21. The reversing of the logo is the is the milestone of our our company’s ,en,en,company’s strategical umm meaning meaning umm umm to umm in our Lenovo history.2. In 1984,we established our company,and until 1990 umm,our first fisrt seris of of employees umm,umm,by their honesty and their faith to sustainably developed our umm Lenovo of our enterprises.3. A logo which is, which is a umm,popular and lovely by people in umm is most important.umm…legend has been umm registered in so many countries.4. It is also, meanwhile the necessity for our company to refound our logo to com and confirm the thesis of our logo.5. We’ll be, umm we’ll be sustainably confident to create of our national band,umm national band to win glory for our nation.1. 我相信我们，我们现在所进行的的研究研究将会研究计划将会对美国和中国呃…非常有益，在某些领域非常有益。

听写50篇文本

1 T own and Country Life in EnglandThere is a big difference between town life and country life in England. In the country, everybody knows everybody else. They know what time you get up, what time you go to bed and what you have for dinner. If you want help, you will always get it and you will be glad to help others.In a large town like London, however, it can sometimes happen that you have never seen your next door neighbor and you do not know his name or anything about him. People in London are often very lonely. This is because people go to different places in the evenings and at weekends. If you walk through the streets in the centre of London on Sunday, it is like a town without people. One is sorry for old people living on their own. They could die in their homes and would not be discovered for weeks or even months.2 A Change in Women’s LifeThe important change in women’s life-pattern has only recently begun to have its full effect on women’s economic position. Even a few years ago most girls le ft school at the first opportunity, and most of them took a full-time job. However, when they married, they usually left work at once and never returned to it. Today the school-leaving age is sixteen, many girls stay at school after that age, and though women tend to marry younger, more married women stay at work at least until shortly before their first child is born. V ery many more afterwards return to full-time or part-time work. Such changes have led to a new relationship in marriage, with the husband accepting a greater share of the duties and satisfactions of family life and with both husband and wife sharing more equally in providing the money, and running the home, according to the abilities and interests of each of them.Useful Words and expressions:1. life-pattern生活方式 2. share3 A Popular Pastime of the English PeopleOne of the best means of understanding the people of any nation is watching what the do with their non-working time.Most English men, women and children love growing things, especially flowers. V isitors to England in spring, summer or autumn are likely to see gardens all they way along the railway lines. There are flowers at the airports and flowers in factory grounds, as well as in gardens along the roads. Each English town has at least one park with beautifully kept flower beds. Public buildings of every kind have brilliant window boxes and sometimes baskets of flowers are hanging on them.But what the English enjoy most is growing things themselves. If it is impossible to have a garden, then a wi ndow box or something growing in a pot will do. Looking at each other’s gardens is a popular pastime with the English.Useful Words and expressions:1. window box:窗台上的花盆箱2.pastime 消遣，娱乐Swimming is my favorite pastime.4 British and American Police OfficersReal policemen, both in Britain and the U.S., hardly recognize any common points between their lives and what they see on TV—if they ever get home in time.Some things are almost the same, of course, but the policemen do not think much of them.The fir st difference is that a policeman’s real life deals with the law. Most of what he learns is the law. He has to know actually what actions are against the law and what facts can be used to prove them in court. He has to know nearly as much law as a lawyer, and what’s more, he has to put it into practice on his feet, in the dark and running down a narrow street after someone he wants to talk to.Little of his time is spent in talking with beautiful girls or in bravely facing cruel criminals. He will spend most of his working life arranging millions of words on thousands of forms about hundreds of sad, ordinary people who are guilty-or not of stupid, unimportant crimes.Useful Words and expressions:1. think much of 重视，尊重2. in court 在法庭上3. criminal 罪犯，犯罪者4. guilty 犯罪的，有罪的5 Living SpaceHow much living space does a person need? What happens when his space needs are not met? Scientists are doing experiments on rats to try to determine the effects of overcrowded conditions on man. Recent studies have shown that the behavior of rats is greatly affected by space. If rats have enough living space, they eat well, sleep well and produce their young well. But if their living conditions become too crowded, their behavior and even their health change obviously. They can not sleep and eat well, and signs of fear and worry become clear. The more crowded they are, and more they tend to bite each other and even kill each other. Thus, for rats, populations and violence are directly related. Is this a natural law for human society as well? Is enough space not only satisfactory, but necessary for human survival? These are interesting questions.6 The United NationsIn 1945, representatives of 50 nations met to plan this organization. It was called the United Nations. After the war, many more nations joined.There are two major parts of the United Nations. One is called the General Assembly. In the General Assembly, every member nation is represented and has an equal vote.The second part is called the Security Council. It has representatives of just 15 nations. Five nations are permanent members: the United States, Russia, France, Britain, and China. The 10 other members are elected every two years by the General Assembly.The major job of the Security Council is to keep peace in the world. If necessary, it can send troops from member nations to try to stop little wars before they turn into big ones.It is hard to get the nations of the Security Council to agree on when this is necessary. But they did vote to try to stop wars.Useful Words and expressions:1. representative 代表 2. General Assembly 联合国大会3. permanent 永久的，持久的4. Security Council 联合国安全理事会7 PlasticWe use plastic wrap to protect our foods. We put our garbage in plastic bags or plastic cans. We sit on plastic chairs, play with plastic toys, drink from plastic cups, and wash our hair with shampoo from plastic bottles!Plastic does not grow in nature. It is made by mixing certain things together. We call it a produced or manufactured material. Plastic was first made in the 1860s from plants, such as wood and cotton. That plastic was soft and burned easily.The first modern plastics were made in the 1930s. Most clear plastic starts out as thick, black oil. That plastic coating inside a pan begins as natural gas.Over the years, hundreds of different plastics have been developed. Some are hard and strong. Some are soft and bendable. Some are clear. Some are many-colored. There is a plastic for almost every need. Scientists continue to experiment with plastics. They hope to find even ways to use them!8 Display of GoodsAre supermarkets designed to persuade us to buy more?Fresh fruit and vegetables are displayed near supermarket entrances. This gives the impression that only healthy food is sold in the shop. Basic foods that everyone buys, like sugar and tea, are not put near each other. They are kept in different aisles so customers are taken past other attractive foods before they find what they want. In this way, shoppers are encouraged to buy products that they do not really need.Sweets are often placed at children’s eye level at the checkout. While parents are waiting to pay, children reach for the sweets and put them in the trolley.More is bought from a fifteen-foot display of one type of product than from a ten-foot one. Customersalso buy more when shelves are full than when they are half empty. They do not like to buy from shelves with few products on them because they feel there is something wrong with those products that are there. Useful Words and expressions:1. aisle 走廊，过道2. trolley 手推车3. checkout 收款台9 Albert EinsteinAlbert Einstein was born in Germany in 1879. His father owned a factory that made electrical devices. His mother enjoyed music and books. His parents were Jewish but they did not observe many of the reli gion’s rules. Albert was a quite child who spent much of his time alone. He was slow to talk and had difficulty learning to read. When Albert was five years old, his father gave him a compass. The child was filled with wonder when he discovered that the compass needle always pointed in the same direction- to the north. He asked his father and his uncle what caused the needle to move. Their answers about magnetism and gravity were difficult for the boy to understand. Y et he spent a lot of time thinking about them. He said later that he felt something hidden had to be behind things.Useful expressions and words:1. device 装置，设备2. compass 指南针3.magnetism 磁力10 Private CarsWith the increase in the general standard of living, some ordinary Chinese families begin to afford a car. Y et opinions of the development of a private car vary from person to person.It gives a much greater degree of comfort and mobility. The owner of a car is no longer forced to reply on public transport, and hence no irritation caused by waiting for buses or taxis. However, others strongly object to developing private cars. They maintain that as more and more cars are produced and run in the street, a large volume of poisonous gas will be given off, polluting the atmosphere and causing actual harm to the health of people.Whether private cars should be developed in China is a difficult question to answer, yet the desire for the comfort and independence a private car can bring will not be eliminated.11 A Henpecked Husband and His WifeThere was once a large, fat woman who had a small, thin husband. He had a job in a big company and was given his weekly wages every Friday evening. As soon as he got home on Fridays, his wife used to make him give her all his money, and then she used to give him back only enough to buy his lunch in his company every day.One day, the small man came home very excited. He hurried into the living-room. His wife was listening to the radio and eating chocolates there.“Y ou will never guess what happened to me today, dear.” he said.He waited for a few seconds and then added, “I won ten thousand dollars on the lottery!”“That is wonderful!” said his wife delightedly. But then she pulled a long face and added angrily, “But how could you afford to buy the ticket?”Useful Words and expressions:1. henpecked 怕老婆的，妻管严的2. lottery 彩票 a great lottery 虚无缥缈的事3. pull a long face 拉下脸来have a face to say that脸皮厚得竟能讲出这种话12 A Y oung Man’s PromiseOne day, a young man was writing a letter to his girlfriend who lived just a few miles away in a nearby town. He was telling her how much he loved her and how wonderful he thought she was. The more he wrote the more poetic he became. Finally he said that in order to be with her, he would suffer the g reatest difficulties, he would face the greatest dangers that anyone couldn’t imagine. In fact, to spend only one minute with her, he would swim across the widest river, he would enter the deepest forest, and he would fight against the fiercest animals with his bare hands.He finished the letter, signed his name and then suddenly remembered that he had forgotten to mention something quite important. So, in a postscript below his name, he added, “By the way, I’ll be overto see you on Wednesday night, if it doesn’t rain.”13 A Kind NeighborMr. and Mrs. Jones’ apartment was full of luggage, packages, furniture and boxes. Both of them were very busy when they heard the doorbell ring. Mrs. Jones went to open it and she saw a middle-aged lady outside. The lady said she lived next door. Mrs. Jones invited her to come in and apologized because there was no place for her to sit. “Oh, that’s OK.” said the lady. “I just come to welcome to your new home. As you know, in some parts of this city, neighbors are not friendly at all. They are some apartment houses where people don’t know any of their neighbors, not even the ones next door. But in this building, everyone is very friendly with everyone else. We are a big happy family. I am sure you will be very happy here.” Mr. and Mrs. Jones said, “But madam, we are not new dwellers in this apartment. We’ve lived here for two years. We are moving out tomorrow.”14 That Isn’t Our FaultMr. and Mrs. Williams got married when he was twenty-three, and she was twenty. Twenty-five years later, they had a big party, and a photographer came and took some photographs of them.Then the photographer gave Mrs. Williams a card and said, “They’ll be ready next Wednesday. Y ou can get them from studio.”“No,” Mrs. Williams said, “please send t hem to us.”The photographs arrived a week later, but Mrs. Williams was not happy when she saw them. She got into her car and drove to the photographer’s studio. She went inside and said angrily, “Y ou took some photographs of me and my husband last week, but I’m not going to pay for them.”“Oh, why not?” the photographer asked.“Because my husband looks like a monkey,” Mrs. Williams said.“Well,” the photographer answered, “that isn’t our fault. Why didn’t you think of that before you married him?”15 A Gui de’s AnswerIn 1861, the Civil War started in the United States between the Northern and the Southern states. The war continued with great bitterness until 1865, when the Northerners were victorious. However, even today, many Southerners have not forgotten their defeat, or forgiven the Northerners.A few years ago, a party of American tourists were going round one of the battlefields of the Civil War with a guide who came from one of the Southern states. At each place, the guide told the tourists stirring stories about how a few Southern soldiers had conquered powerful forces of Northerners there.At last, one of the tourists, a lady who came from the North, stopped the guide and said to him, “But surely that the Northern army must have won at least one vict ory in the Civil War?”“Not as long as I’m the guide here, madam,” answered the Southern guide.16 A Qualified PilotThe captain of a small ship had to go along a rocky coast, but he was unfamiliar with it, so he tried to find a qualified pilot to guide him. He went ashore in one of the small ports, and a local fisherman pretended that he was a pilot because he needed some money. The captain took him on board and asked him where to steer the ship.After half an hour, the captain began to suspect that the fisherman did not really know what he was doing and where he was going.“Are you sure you are a qualified pilot?” he asked.“Oh, yes,” answered the fisherman. “I know every rock on this part of the coast.”Suddenly there was a terrible crash from under the s hip. At once the fisherman added, “And that’s one of them.”17 Living Things ReactY ou and all organisms live an environment. An environment is made up of everything that surrounds an organism. It can include the air, the water, the soil, and even other organisms.An organism responds to changes in its environment. When an organism responds to a change, it reacts in certain ways. All living things respond in some way.Have you ever noticed how plants and insects respond to light? Plants bend toward light. Insects fly toward light.Living things also respond in other ways. The leaves on some trees respond to a change in season. In autumn, they change colors and then fall off the branches. Animals also respond to a change in season. Squirrels save nuts for the winter. Bears sleep through the winter in a cave.Y ou respond to your environment in many ways, too. Y ou may shiver if you are cold. What other ways do you respond to changes in your environment?18 Flowering PlantsWhat are the parts of a flower?Flowers can have male parts and female parts. The female parts make eggs that become seeds. The male parts make pollen. Pollen is a powdery material that is needed by the eggs to make seeds. To make seeds, pollen and eggs must come together. The wind, insects, and birds bring pollen to eggs. Many animals love flowers’ bright colors. They also like a sugary liquid in flowers. This is called nectar. While they drink nectar, pollen rubs off on their bodies. As they move, some of this pollen gets delivered to the female flower parts.Over time, the female parts turn into fruits that contain seeds. Animals often eat the fruits and the seeds pass through their bodies as waste. The animals do no know they are working for the plants by planting seeds as they travel to different places!Useful words and expressions:1. flowering 开花的 2. pollen 花粉 3. powdery 粉状的4. sugar 含糖的，甜的5. nectar花蜜，甘露6. rub 磨擦19 Finding the Direction and LocationHow can you tell which direction? By day, look for the Sun. It is in the east in the morning and the west in the afternoon. At night, use the Big Dipper to help you find the North Star. It would be better to bring a compass because its needle always points north.How do you know how far you have gone? Y ou could count every step. Each step is about two feet. Y ou’d better wear a pedomet er which is a tool that counts steps. If you know where you started, which direction you are heading, and how far you have gone, you can use a good map to figure out exactly where you are.Today there is a new way for travelers to figure out where they are. It is the GPS. It has 24 satellites that orbit the earth and constantly broadcast their positions. Someday you may carry a small receiver as you hike and use GPS to find out if you are there yet!Useful Words and expressions:1. dipper北斗七星 2. compass 罗盘 3. pedometer 步数计4. GPS= Global Position System全球定位系统5. orbit 轨道，绕……轨道而行6. receiver 接收器20 WavesHow does light get from the sun to the earth? How does music get from the stage to the audience? They move the same way-in waves!Light and sound are forms of energy. All waves carry energy, but they may carry it differently. Light and sound travel through different kinds of matter. For example, light waves cannot move through walls, but sound waves can. That is why you can hear people talking in another room even though you cannot see them. The energy of some waves is destructive. An earthquake produces seismic waves.Catch a wave. Ask a friend to stand a few feet away from you. Stretch a spring between you. Shake the spring to transfer energy to it. What happens? The spring bounces up and down in waves. When thewaves reach your friend, they bounce back to you!Light waves travel 300,000 kilometers (186,000 miles) per second! They can also travel through a vacuum. That is why light from the sun and distant stars can travel through space to the earth!Useful Words and expressions: 1. destructive 破坏的 2. seismic地震的 3. vacuum真空21 SoilsThere are many different kinds of soils. Different soils have different types of rock and minerals in them. Some soils have more water in them than others. Some soils might have more plant and animal material in them, too.Different kinds of soils are found in different parts of the world. There are several kinds of soils found in the United States. In some areas, the soil has a lot of clay. Other soils are very sandy. Loam is a kind of soil that has a good mixture of clay and sand.In some places, soil layers are very thick. Lots of plants grow in places with a thick soil layer. In dry and windy places soil layers are much thinner. Layers of soil on mountains are thin because gravity pulls the soil downhill.The type of soil in a particular place affects what kinds of plants can grow there.Useful Words:1. clay泥土2. loam 肥土3. layer 层4. gravity 地心引力，重力5. downhill 往下22 CrisisLife is a contest! Who will win? A bluebird and sparrow both compete for space to build their nests. A fast-growing maple tree and slower-growing dogwood compete for the sunlight they both need. Oil competes with coal and nuclear power as an energy source for electric power plants!There is a problem. There is a limited amount of space for birds, sunlight for trees, and energy for people! If we do not cut back on our uses of some of our resources, someday they will be gone!How can we use energy today and know we will have enough to go around in the future? We can choose alternate, or replacement energy resources. It takes the earth millions of years to create coal, oil, and gas. They are nonrenewable resources.Solar energy, wind energy and water energy are renewable. What other ways can we conserve our sources? How can we make sure there is always enough to go around?Useful words and expressions:1. bluebird 蓝知更鸟2. sparrow 麻雀3. dogwood 山茱萸4. power plant 发电厂，发电站5. alternate 替换物6. nonrenewable resources 不可再生资源7. conserve 保存，保藏23 America’s Worst SurpriseDecember 7, 1941 was one of the worst days in American history. Nearly all Americans who are old enough to re member that day can still remember what they were doing at the moment they heard “the news”. The news was that America had been attacked!Shortly before 2:00 P.M., a radio dispatch came into Washington from Honolulu, Hawaii. “Air Raid, Pearl Harbor-This is no drill.” Japanese planes had begun an attack on the largest American military base in the Pacific. They first destroyed planes on the ground. Then they bombed the ships in the harbor.No one had expected the attack. So no one was prepared for it. And it did not take long for Japanese to do their damage. When the smoke cleared, the Navy counted its losses. Eighteen ships had been sunk or badly damaged. Nearly 150 planes had been destroyed. More than 2,400 Americans had been killed and more than 1,200 wounded.Useful Words and expressions:1. dispatch 派遣，急件2. air raid 空袭3. drill 军事训练，操练4. Pearl Harbor 珍珠港24 Great Depression in the U.S.In 1929, the bills started to come in. American industry had produced too many goods. Americans could not afford to buy all of them. So factories had to cut down on their production. Many workers lost their jobs. Investors tried to get their money back. But businesses did not have enough money to pay them.Banks tried to get their money back from investors. But the investors could not pay, either. Too many people owed money. And few of them could pay their bills.During the next few years, business got worse and worse. By 1932, banks all over the country were closing.People without money could not buy goods, so more businesses closed. More and more people lost their jobs. By 1932, more than 12 million Americans were jobless. Millions more were earning barely enough to live on. The country was in a great depression they had never experienced before.Useful Words and expressions:1. bill 帐单，票据foot the bill付账，负责 2. cut down on 减少3. depression 沮丧，萧条Great Depression大萧条25 A Place of Our OwnWe are all usually very careful when we buy something for the house. Why? Because we have to live with it for a long time. We paint a room to make it brighter, so we choose the colors carefully.We buy new curtains in order to match the newly decorated room, so they must be the right color. We move the furniture round so as to make more space-or we buy new furniture-and so on. It is an endless business.Rich or poor, we take time to furnish a room. Perhaps some people buy furniture in order to impress their friends. But most of us just want to enjoy our surroundings. We want to live as comfortably as we can afford to. We spend a large part of our lives at home. We want to make a small corner in the world which we can recognize as our own.26 T ravel for WorkY ou can see them in every airport in the world. They are businessmen and women who have to travel for their work.When they first applied for the job, they may have thought of good food and hotels, huge expense accounts and fashionable cities. Now they have to sit in airport lounges, tired and uncomfortable in their smart clothes, listening to the loudspeaker announce “The fight to Tokyo, or Berlin, or New Y ork is delayed for another two hours.” Some people say to me, “How lucky you are to be able to travel abroad in your work! Y ou can go sightseeing without paying any money by yourself!” They think that my job is like a continual holiday. It is not.There are advantages, of course, and I do think I am lucky, but only because I can go to places I would never visit if I was a tourist.27 IntelligenceAre some people born clever, and others born stupid? Or is intelligence developed by our environment and our experience?Strangely enough, the answer to these questions is yes. To some extent our intelligence is given us at birth, and no amount of special education can make a genius out of a child born with low intelligence. On the other hand, a child who lives in a boring environment will develop his intelligence less than one who lives in rich and varied surroundings. Thus, the limits of a person’s intelligence are fixed at birth, whether or not he reaches those limits will depend on his environment. This view, held by most experts now, can be supported in a number of ways. As is easy to show that intelligence is to some extent something we are born with. The closer the blood relationship between two people is, the closer they are likely to be in intelligence.28 A Free Dress Every W eekThe temptation to steal is greater than ever before, especially in large shops and people are not so honest as they once were.A detective recently watched a well-dressed woman who always went into a large store on Monday mornings. One Monday, there were fewer people in the shop than usual when the woman came in, so itwas easier for the detective to watch her. The woman first bought a few small articles. After a little time, she chose one of the most expensive dresses in the shop and handed it to an assistant who wrapped it up for her as quickly as possible. The woman simply took the parcel and walked out of the shop without paying. When she was arrested, the detective found out that the shop assistant was her daughter. Believe it or not, the girl “gave” her mother a free dress every week!29 TimeTime is tangible. One can gain time, spend time, waste time, save time, or even kill time. Common questions in American English reveal this concrete quality as though time were a p ossession. “Do you have any time?”, “Can you get some time for this?”, “How much free time do you have?” The treatment of time as a possession influences the way that time is carefully divided.Generally, Americans are taught to do one thing at a time and may be uncomfortable when an activity is interrupted. In businesses, the careful scheduling of time and the separation of activities are common practices. Appointment calendars are printed with 15-, 30-, and 60-minute time slots. The idea that “there is a time and place for everything” extends to American social life. Visitors who drop by without prior notice may interrupt their host’s personal time. Thus, calling friends on the telephone before visiting them is generally preferred to visitors’ dropping by.Useful words and expressions:1. tangible 切实的 2. kill time 消磨时间 3. reveal 显示，揭示4. scheduling 行程安排5. slot 缝隙6. drop by 随便访问7. preferred 首选的30 CartoonistsIn a good cartoon, the artist can tell in a few lines as much as a writer can tell in half a dozen paragraphs. The cartoonist not only tells a story but he also tries to persuade the reader to his way of thinking. He has great influence on public opinion. In a political campaign, he plays an important part. Controversial issues in Congress or at meetings of the United Nations may keep the cartoonist well-supplied with current materials.A clever cartoonist may cause laughter because he often uses humor in his drawings. If he is sketching a famous person, he takes a prominent feature and exaggerates it. Cartoonists, for instance, like to lengthen an already long nose and to widen an already broad grin. This exaggeration of a person’s characteristics is called caricature. The artist uses such exaggeration to put his message across.Useful Words and expressions:1. cartoonist 漫画家2. campaign 活动3. controversial 争论的，争议的4. sketch 素描 5. prominent 卓越的 6. exaggerate 夸张7. lengthen 延长8. grin 露齿笑31 Water PollutionWater is very important to us. Factories and plants need water for industrial uses and large piec es of farmland need it for irrigation. Without water to drink, people die in a short time.Today most water sources are so dirty that people must purify water before drinking. Water becomes dirty in many ways: industrial pollution is one of them. With the development of industry, plants and factories pour tons of industrial wastes into rivers every day. The rivers have become seriously polluted, and the water is becoming unfit for drinking or irrigation. The same thing has also happened to our seas and oceans. So, the problem of water pollution is almost worldwide.Scientists of many countries have done a lot of work to stop pollution. The polluted water in some places has become clean and drinkable again. Perhaps one day the people in all towns and cities w ill be drinking clean water. That day, we believe, is not very far off.32 Making a ComplaintComplaining about faulty goods or bad service is never easy. But if something you have bought is faulty or does not do what was claimed for it, you are not asking for a favor to get it put right.Complaints should be made to a responsible person. Go back to the shop where you bought the goods, taking with you any receipt you may have. In a small store the assistant may also be the owner so you can。

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The Word of the Day for October 23rd is rebus, spelled R-E-B-U-S.Rebus is a noun that means a representation of syllables or words by means of pictures or symbols, also a riddle made up of such pictures or symbols. Here‟s the word used in a sentence.“An example of a rebus would be a picture of a man on an ark, followed by a picture of a spider web, followed by a picture of a spoon stirring coffee; those three pictures would represent Noah, web, stir, …Noah Webster‟.”A rebus communicates its message by means of pictures or symbols whose names sound like various parts of a word, phrase, or sentence. For example, a picture of a can of tomatoes followed by the letters U and C, and a picture of a well means “Can you see well?” In Latin, the word “rebus” means by things. Rebus is a form of the Latin word “res”, which means thing. English speakers started using the word rebus for a picture writing in the early 1600s.With your Word of the Day, I‟m Peter Sokolowski. Thanks for listen ing.Words:rebus: n. (1) a riddle made up of pictures or symbols 一种用音、画等表示的谜syllable: n. a word or part of a word which contains a single vowel sound 音节Noah Webster: an American lexicographer, textbook author, spelling reformer, word enthusiast, and editor.The Word of the Day for November 20th is elucidate, spelled E-L-U-C-I-D-A-T-E.Elucidate is a verb that means to make lucid especially by explanation or analysis. It can also mean to give a clarifying explanation. Here is the word from an article by Benjamin Schwarz in The Atlantic."His stylish criticism, marked by an easy erudition, was invariably smooth and accessible; he compressed and elucidated but never reduced or oversimplified."To "elucidate" is to make something clear that was formerly murky or confusing -- and it is perfectly clear how the modern term got that meaning. "Elucidate" traces to the Latin term "lucidus," which means "lucid." "Lucidus" in turn descends from the verb "lucēre," which means "t o shine." So "elucidating" can be thought of as the figurative equivalent of shining a light on something to make it easier to see. "Lucēre" has also produced other shining offspring in English. Among its descendants are "lucid" itself, which can mean "shining," "clear-headed," or "easily understood," "lucent" meaning "giving off light" or "easily seen through," and "translucent" meaning "partly transparent" or "clear enough for light to pass through."I'm Peter Sokolowski with your Word of the Day.The Word of the Day for November 19th is gargantuan, spelled G-A-R-G-A-N-T-U-A-N.Gargantuan is an adjective that means tremendous in size, volume, or degree, gigantic, colossal. Here is the word used from a blog post by Brian Switek at ."Contrary to my expectations, I did not have nightmares about gargantuan squid tangling with enormous ichthyosaurs in the shadowy reaches of the sea last night.""Gargantua" is the name of a giant king in Francois Rabelais's 16th-century satiric novel Gargantua. All of the details of Gargantua's life befit a giant. He rides a colossal mare whose tail switches so violently that it fells the entire forest of Orleans. He has an enormous appetite -- in one memorable incident, he inadvertently swallows five pilgrims while eating a salad. The scale of everything connected with Gargantua gave rise to the adjective "gargantuan," which since Shakespeare's time has been used of anything of tremendous size or volume.I'm Peter Sokolowski with your Word of the Day.V ocabulary.1. colossal: adj. used to emphasize that something is extremely large 巨大的，庞大的2. squid: [C]n. a sea creature with a long soft body and ten arms around its mouth 鱿鱼3. mare: [C]n. a female horse or donkey 母马，母驴The Word of the Day for November 18th is vulcanize, spelled V-U-L-C-A-N-I-Z-E.Vulcanize is a verb that means to subject to or to undergo the process of treating crude or synthetic rubber or similar plastic material chemically to give it useful properties as elasticity, strength, and stability. Here is the word from an article by Judy Terry at "The sulfur in the juice of morning glories is used to vulcanize rubber, but it was used long before Goodyear as a hallucinogenic, a laxative and possibly to make rubber bouncing balls."The word "vulcanize" sounds like something Spock from Star Trek might do, but the explanation behind this word has more to do with ancient mythology than it does with science fiction. Vulcanization involves heating rubber in combination with sulfur. The Roman god Vulcan, whose Greek counterpart is Hephaestus, was the god of fire and of skills that used fire, such as metalworking. So when Charles Goodyear discovered that high heat would result in stronger rubber, he called the process "vulcanization" after the god of fire. Goodyear stumbled upon the idea in 1839 and acquired a patent for it in 1844, but the words "vulcanize" and "vulcanization" didn't appear in print until 1845 and 1846 respectively.I'm Peter Sokolowski with your Word of the Day.V ocabulary.elasticity: [U]n.a> the ability of something to stretch and go back to its usual length or size 弹性，弹力b> the degree to which a change in the price of something leads to a change in the amount of it that is sold 伸缩性2. morning glory: a plant that has white, blue, or pink flowers that open in the morning and close in late afternoon 牵牛花The Word of the Day for November 17th is haberdasher, spelled H-A-B-E-R-D-A-S-H-E-R.Haberdasher is a noun that means, in British English, a dealer in notions, or small useful items or sundries. It can also mean a dealer in men's clothing and accessories. Here is the word used from an obituary by Anne Saker in The Oregonian."Under his ownership, the store's reputation spread. Clients flew into Portland and stayed at the Heathman Hotel to await their appointments with the courteous haberdasher."At various times throughout its history, the term "haberdasher" has referred to a dealer of hats or caps, a seller of notions, that is, sewing supplies such as needles and thimbles, and apparently, perhaps somewhat coyly, as a person who sells liquor. Nowadays, with hats not being as fashionable as they once were, the word mostly is applied generally as a clothing outfitter for men, with "haberdashery" referring to the establishment or the goods sold there. "Haberdasher" derives via Middle English from "hapertas," an Anglo-French word for a kind of cloth, as does the obsolete noun "haberdash," which once meant petty merchandise or small wares.I'm Peter Sokolowski with your Word of the Day.V ocabulary.coy: adj.1 shy or pretending to be shy in order to attract people's interest 忸怩作态的2 unwilling to give information about something 含糊其辞的，不肯明说的thimble: [C]n.a small metal or plastic cap used to protect your finger when you are sewing 顶针箍The Word of the Day for November 16th is mountebank, spelled m-o-u-n-t-e-b-a-n-k. Mountebank is noun that means a person who sells quack medicines from a platform. It can also mean more broadly a boastful unscrupulous pretender,a charlatan.Here's the word used from an a literary events listing by Gina Webb in The Atlanta Journal-Constitution"Bring your five-minute tales related to all things fraudulent and pseudo. Flimflammers, mountebanks, poseurs and snake oil salesmen especially welcome." The word "mountebank" derives from the Italian "montimbanco," which was formed by combining the verb "montare" ("to mount"), the preposition "in" (converted to "im," meaning "in" or "on"), and the noun "banco" ("bench"). Put these components together and you can deduce the literal origins of "mountebank" as someone mounted on a bench -- the "bench" being the platform on which charlatans from the 16th and 17th centuries would stand to sell their phony medicines. Mountebanks often included various forms of light entertainment on stage in order to attract customers. Later, extended uses of "mountebank" referred to someone who falsely claims to have knowledge about a particular subject or a person who simply pretends to be something he or she is not in order to gain attention.。