句型(简单句+复杂句)
英语句子种类

句子可分为三种:
1.Simple sentence 简单句 (单一主语+单一谓语+其他成分) eg: Margie hated school.
2. Compound sentence 并列句 (and, but, or 等并列连词连接的两 个各有主谓的简单句) eg: Jerry likes reading and she has read lots of books.
3
I can’t swim. Li Ping is sitting under the tree. 我不会游泳。 李平正坐在树下。 The children are playing on the playground. 孩子们在操场上玩。 The plane disappeared in the sky. Great 飞机消失在天空中。 place in our changes have taken 近几年,我国发生了很大的变化。 country recently. 马丽没回答。 Mary didn’t answer. 那儿发生了什么事? What happened there? 她一言不发就走了。 She left without saying a word.
常见的系动词有 be,become,get,grow,look,turn,feel, taste,smell,seem,remain,sound,ke ep,fall,appear,go,etc. 2. S + Vt + O 主语+及物动词+宾语
3. S + Vi 主语+不及物动词 4. S + Vt + D.O 主语+及物动词+双宾语 give, show, tell, lend, write, pass, hand, send, bring, return, sing, make, do, buy,etc. 双宾:1) 间接宾语(人)+直接宾语(物) 2)直接宾语+for/to+间接宾语
英语中句子结构类型

英语中的句子结构大致可以分为简单句、复合句、复杂句和复合复杂句四种类型。
具体如下:
1. 简单句(Simple Sentence):简单句是最基本的句子结构,通常包含一个主语和一个谓语,有时还会有宾语或补语。
根据动词的类型,简单句可以进一步分为以下几种结构:- S+V(主语+谓语):这种结构中的谓语通常是不及物动词,能够单独表达完整的意思。
- S+V+O(主语+谓语+宾语):当谓语是及物动词时,需要一个宾语来完成意义。
-S+V+C(主语+谓语+补语):某些动词后面需要跟一个补语来说明主语的状态或者宾语的情况。
2. 复合句(Compound Sentence):复合句是由两个或多个简单句通过并列连词(如and, but, or)连接而成的句子。
每个部分都保持独立性,可以单独成句。
3. 复杂句(Complex Sentence):复杂句由一个主句和一个或多个从句构成。
从句不能独立存在,它依赖于主句,可以是名词从句、形容词从句或副词从句等。
4. 复合复杂句(Compound Complex Sentence):复合复杂句结合了复合句和复杂句的特点,既包含有并列的简单句,又包含有一个或多个从句。
掌握这些基本的句子结构对于学习英语至关重要,因为它们是理解和构建英语语句的基础。
此外,了解这些结构有助于提高阅读理解能力、写作技巧和口语表达能力。
在学习过程中,可以通过大量的阅读和练习来加深对这些句子结构的理解和应用。
五大基本句型

the table the door the house him me them
宾补
clean. green. dirty. sad? to come back soon. getting on the bus.
Tomis handsome.
5. 主+系+表(S+V+P)
系动词分类
1. be 动词 (“Be”除了原形的“be”之外,还有另外七种形式:am, is, are,
主语
She He He They Danny I He
谓语
laughs at speaks is making ate likes want said
宾语
her. English. cakes. some apples. cats a cup of tea. "Good morning."
Tomgivesmea book.
句子
(按结构分)
1. 简单句 2. 复杂句 3. 并列句 4. 并列复杂句
五大基本句型
(简单句)
1. 主+谓(S+V) 2. 主+谓+宾(S+V+O) 3. 主+谓+宾+宾(+宾补(S+V+O+O.C) 5. 主+系+表(S+V+P)
Tomslept
1. 主+谓(S+V)
3. 主+谓+宾+宾(S+V+O+O)
Practice
1. 她递给他一条新裙子。 2. 他给她做了一顿美味的饭菜。 3. Mary 借给Tom 很多钱。 4. 他给Helen没买东西。
句型构造训练

句型构造训练一、简单句1. 主语 + 系动词 + 表语例如:The sky is blue.(天空是蓝色的。
)2. 主语 + 动词例如:She sings beautifully.(她唱得很美。
)3. 主语 + 动词 + 宾语例如:They bought a new car.(他们买了一辆新车。
)4. 主语 + 动词 + 宾语 + 宾语补足语例如:She made me happy.(她让我开心。
)二、并列句1. 主句 + 连接词 + 并列句例如:I like reading, and my brother likes swimming.(我喜欢阅读,我哥哥喜欢游泳。
)2. 主句;并列连接词, 并列句例如:He enjoys playing basketball; however, he doesn't like running.(他喜欢打篮球;然而,他不喜欢跑步。
)三、复合句1. 主句 + 从句(名词性从句)例如:I know that she will come.(我知道她会来。
)2. 主句 + 从句(宾语从句)例如:He said that he had finished his homework.(他说他已经完成作业。
)3. 主句 + 从句(定语从句)例如:The book that you recommended is excellent.(你推荐的那本书很棒。
)4. 主句 + 从句(状语从句)例如:She will go to the party if she finishes her work.(如果她完成工作,她将参加聚会。
)四、复杂句1. 主句 + 并列连接词 + 从句例如:She is a good writer, but I prefer reading.(她是一个优秀的作家,但我更喜欢阅读。
)2. 主句 + 从句 + 并列连接词 + 另一个从句例如:He told me that he couldn't come because he was sick.(他告诉我他因为生病所以不能来。
句型(简单句+复杂句)

句法 (2)简单句simple sentence (2)英语六种基本句型: (2)1:S+V (2)2:S+V+P (2)3:S+V+DO (2)4:S+V+IO+DO (2)5:S+V+DO+OC (2)6: There be (2)复杂句complex sentence (3)并列复杂句 (3)从属复杂句 (3)名词性从句 (4)主语从句 (4)宾语从句 (4)表语从句 (5)同位语从句 (5)形容词性从句 (6)定语从句 (6)限定性定语从句 (6)非限定性定语从句 (7)副词性从句 (8)状语从句 (8)时间状语从句(时间状语) (8)条件状语从句(用if/unless引导的状语从句) (8)地点状语从句(where) (9)原因状语从句(because,since,as) (9)让步状语从句(though,although,even though,no matter what) (9)比较状语从句(than,as...as).. (9)目的状语从句(that,so that,in order that,lest,for fear that,in case) (9)句法句型分类简单句simple sentence-只有一个主语和一个谓语(I left.)英语六种基本句型:1:S+V(主语subject+谓语predicate)2:S+V+P(主语subject+系动词link verb+表语predicative)3:S+V+DO(主语subject+谓语predicate+宾语object)4:S+V+IO+DO(主语subject+谓语predicate+间接宾语indirect o+直接宾语direct o)5:S+V+DO+OC(主语subject+谓语predicate+宾语+宾补object complement)6: There beThere be“有”,There是引导词,无意义,There be后面的名词是句子的主语,属于倒装结构,表示某处有某人/某物。
英语作文的五大句型结构

英语作文的五大句型结构在英语写作中,掌握几种基本的句型结构对于提高写作水平和表达清晰度非常重要。
以下是英语作文中常见的五大句型结构,以及每种结构的示例和应用场景:1. 简单句(Simple Sentence)- 结构:主语 + 谓语- 示例:She walks to school.- 应用:简单句适用于表达单一、明确的想法,适合初学者练习基本的句型。
2. 并列句(Compound Sentence)- 结构:简单句 + 并列连词 + 简单句- 示例:He can play the guitar, and he can also play the piano.- 应用:并列句用于连接两个或多个具有同等重要性的句子,使文章更加流畅。
3. 复杂句(Complex Sentence)- 结构:主句 + 从句- 示例:Although it was raining, the game continued.- 应用:复杂句通过添加从句来提供额外信息,增加句子的复杂性和深度。
4. 复合-复杂句(Compound-Complex Sentence)- 结构:并列句 + 复杂句- 示例:She was studying for her exam, which was scheduled for the next day, and her friends were helping her.- 应用:这种句型结合了并列句和复杂句的特点,可以表达更复杂的思想和关系。
5. 被动句(Passive Voice Sentence)- 结构:被动语态的谓语 + 主语- 示例:The letter was written by her.- 应用:被动句强调动作的接受者而非执行者,常用于学术写作和正式文档中。
通过熟练运用这些句型结构,你可以使你的英语作文更加丰富和专业。
记住,写作时要根据上下文和所要传达的信息选择最合适的句型。
研英语翻译必备知识:句型结构

一、英语的基本句型(简单句)句子都是由一些词按照一定的顺序组成的,这种组合是有一定规律可循的。
研究表明,英语语句的规律性是非常明显的,它一般是以动词为核心的。
所以,按照英语中的动词的类型(五种,即:不及物动词、系动词、单宾动词、双宾动词和复合动词)可以把英语句型划分为五种基本的句型。
1.主语+不及物动词(SV句型)【例句】The girl is crying.【译法】可以直接顺译成汉语。
2.主语+系动词+主补(SVC句型,“系动词+主补”也合称为复合谓语)【例句】The food tastes good.【译法】可以直接顺译成汉语。
3【例句】Mike had finished his homework.【译法】基本上可以直接顺译成汉语。
4.主语+ 双宾动词+ 间接宾语+ 直接宾语(SVOO句型)【例句】He bought me a book.【译法】大致可以顺译为汉语的双宾语结构。
5.主语+ 复合动词+ 宾语+ 宾补(SVOC句型)【例句】The professor advised me to read more books.【译法】基本上都可以顺译为汉语的兼语句。
以上是英语中的五个基本句型,其他的句型都可以看作是这些句型的变体。
比如:He put the book on the desk.这句话虽然不能直接归于以上五种句型,但可以把它看作是句型3的拓展。
二、英语中的复杂句(一)并列句并列句由两个或两个以上的简单句并列在一起构成,一般由并列连词、连接副词或逗号、分号、冒号等将各分句连接起来。
例如:【例1】The earth is one of the sun’s planets and the moon is our satellite. (连词and 连接)【译文】地球是太阳系的一个行星,月亮是我们的卫星。
(顺译)【例2】She was very tired, nevertheless she kept on working. (连接副词nevertheless引导)【译文】她很累了,但仍然坚持工作。
英语句子结构

英语句子结构英语句子分为简单句(simple sentence)和多重句(multiple sentence)。
所谓的简单句就是一个句子中只包含一个主谓结构的句子。
多重句包含两种基本情况,一种是两个或者两个以上的简单分句形成并列关系,这样的句子叫做并列句(compound sentence);另一种是两个或两个以上的简单分句构成主从关系,这样的句子叫做复杂句(complex sentence)。
下面我们分别对这三种情况加以分析。
一. 简单句: 英语句子看上去纷繁庞杂,但仔细观察不外乎五个基本句式。
这五个基本句式可以演变出多种复杂的英语句子。
换言之,绝大多数英语句子都是由这五个基本句式生成的。
这五个基本句式如下:S十V主谓结构S十V十P主系表结构S十V十O主谓宾结构S十V十O1十O2 主谓双宾结构S十V十O十C 主谓宾补结构说明:S=主语;V=谓语;P=表语;O=宾语;O1=间接宾语;O2=直接宾语;C=宾语补足语五个基本句式详细解释如下:1. S十V句式在此句式中,V是不及物动词,又叫自动词(vi.)。
例如:He runs quickly.他跑得快。
They listened carefully.他们听得很仔细。
He suffered from cold and hunger.他挨冻受饿。
China belongs to the third world country.中国属于第三世界国家。
The gas has given out.煤气用完了。
My ink has run out.我的钢笔水用完了。
2.S十V十P句式在此句式中,V是系动词(link v.),常见的系动词有:look,seem,appear,sound,feel,taste,smell,grow,get,fall ill/asleep,stand/sit still,become,turn等。
例如:He is older than he looks.他比看上去要老。
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句法 (2)简单句simple sentence (2)● 英语六种基本句型: (2)1:S+V (2)2:S+V+P (2)3:S+V+DO (2)4:S+V+IO+DO (2)5:S+V+DO+OC (3)6: There be (3)复杂句complex sentence (3)● 并列复杂句 (4)● 从属复杂句 (4)名词性从句 (4)主语从句 (4)宾语从句 (5)表语从句 (6)同位语从句 (6)形容词性从句 (7)定语从句 (7)● 限定性定语从句 (7)● 非限定性定语从句 (7)副词性从句 (9)状语从句 (9)● 时间状语从句(时间状语) (9)● 条件状语从句(用if/unless引导的状语从句) (9)● 地点状语从句(where) (9)● 原因状语从句(because,since,as) (10)● 让步状语从句(though,although,even though,no matter what) (10)● 比较状语从句(than,as...as) (10)● 目的状语从句(that,so that,in order that,lest,for fear that,in case) (10)句法句型分类简单句simple sentence-只有一个主语和一个谓语(I left.)英语六种基本句型:1:S+V(主语subject+谓语predicate)2:S+V+P(主语subject+系动词link verb+表语predicative)3:S+V+DO(主语subject+谓语predicate+宾语object)4:S+V+IO+DO(主语subject+谓语predicate+间接宾语indirect o+直接宾语direct o)5:S+V+DO+OC(主语subject+谓语predicate+宾语+宾补object complement)6: There beThere be“有”,There是引导词,无意义,There be后面的名词是句子的主语,属于倒装结构,表示某处有某人/某物。
There+be+主语There is a cup of water on the table.与have的区别There be表示客观存在,have表示单纯的拥有。
There are three cars in the parking lot.He has three cars in his own parking lot.There be的就近一致原则There is a gay and three girls in the classroom.There are three girls and a boy in the classroom.There are somewhere between 45,000 to 100,000 of them living in the countries like Zambia and Zimbabwe.For the century before Johnson’s Dictionary was published in 1775, there had been concern about the state of the English language.❖2:S+V+P(主语subject+系动词link verb+表语predicative)You are cute.❖3:S+V+DO(主语+谓语+宾语object)I love you.复杂句complex sentence-不止一个主语和一个谓语并列复杂句有并列连词:and/or/but从属复杂句由一个主句(principal clause)和一个或一个以上的从句(subordinate clause)构成。
什么是从句(subordinate clause)?从句是复杂句不能独立成句,由that/who/whom/when/why/where/how/which等引导词(connective)引导的非主句部分。
从句的类型名词性从句:❶主语从句❷宾语从句❸表语从句❹同位语从句形容词性从句:定语从句副词性从句:状语从句✧从句三要素:①必须有连接词②必须是述句③不能单独使用名词性从句主语从句-在复杂句中充当主语成分的句子叫主语从句✧不受主句时态影响✧系动词是单数is✧谓语动词是第三人称单数✧述语序Eg. That I have had so many friends is amazing.述句用thatThat he married a girl in such a short time surprises us all.特殊疑问句用特殊疑问词When he will come out of the closet hasn’t been decided.Why he isn’t here is not clear to everyone.主语从句&形式主语That I have had so many friends is amazing.It is amazing that I have so many friends.It had been estimated that up to 50% of people in the developed world are overweight and 20% of these are obese.宾语从句-在复合句中充当宾语成分的句子叫做宾语从句He knows where the bar is.I don’t know when he will come.As Peter Derk says:‘If we can figure out how the mind processes humour, the we’ll have a pretty good handle on how it works in general’.名词:Milgram 谓语动词:told 宾语:A TELLB TO DO STHMilgram told each volunteer ‘teacher-subject’ that the experiment was in the noble cause of education, and experiment was designed to test whether or not punishing pupils for their mistakes would have a positive effect on the pupils’ ability to learn.The growing international importance of athletics means that gifted athletes can be recognised at younger age.It is also accepted that this right generates an obligation or duty for the state to ensure that adequate health-care resources are provided out of the public purse.形式宾语it宾语从句&形式宾语如果宾语从句后有宾语补足语,要用形式宾语it,而将从句放到补足语后面。
It is lucky to date with you.I know it lucky to date with you.S+V+it+adj./n./done + that clauseI thought it strange that he married her.1.S+V+it+adj./of(for)sb.+to do sth.I found it impossible for me to find a girlfriend.2.S+V+it+adj./n./done+that clauseI considered it amazing that he left his girlfriend.3.S+V+it+no use/good/worth + doing sthThink/find/consider/makeI don’t think it worthwhile taking so much trouble to do this.4.S+V+it+when/ifLove,like,enjoy,hate,appreciate表语从句-表语从句是一个句子作为表语成分,说明主语。
Eg. The problem is when he can finish it.One interesting correlation Manton uncovered is that better-educated people are likely to live longer.The conventional picture is that tens of thousands of slaves dragged stones on sledges.同位语从句同位语-在句子中前后两词(组,句)所指意思相同,句法功能相同,这种结构叫同位结构,前面是同位词,后面是同位语。
My boyfriend Hoover works in here.We both are lecturer.He likes his job, writing essays.According to his biographer, James Boswell.同位语从句-在复杂句充当同位语的名词性从句是同位语从句。
They are investigating the question whether he is a murder.常见同位名词中心词Fact/news/idea/hope/report/opinion/order/question/problem/truth/theory/decision/disc overy/conclusion/promise/rumour/possibility/answer/belief,etc.同位语从句种类:限制性同位语从句:紧跟同位名词非限制性同位语从句:有逗号或者破折号与中心词分开The news that he intended to come gave us much pleasure.The hard truth, that he came out of the closet, was a great shock to her parents.形容词性从句定语定语修饰名词:定语是用来修饰、限定、说明名词或代词的品质与特征的。