浅析建筑装修节能技术如何向节能环保低成本方向发展

浅析建筑装修节能技术如何向节能环保低

成本方向发展

摘要：自从改革开放以来，我国经济增长幅度很快。但是在一定程度上，对环境也造成了一定的影响。经济发展越快，新建、改建建筑就越多。建筑是人们生产、生活中不可或缺的一部分。建筑装饰工程作为建筑工程中的重要环节，包括建筑内节能设计，建筑外节能设计等等。其与建筑设计是同等重要的。在一定程度上说，两者是不可分割的一体。本文通过对建筑装饰工程中装修节能技术的要求进行探讨，并从内外装饰节能等多角度进行全方位的分析。

Pick to: since the reform and opening-up, our country economic growth quickly. But to a certain extent, also caused a certain influence on the environment. The faster economic development, the newly built, renovated buildings. Construction is an indispensable part of people in the production and living. Building decoration engineering as an important link of construction projects, including building energy efficiency design, outside the building energy saving design, and so on. With the building design is equally important. In a certain extent, the two are inseparable. This article through to decorate building decoration engineering requirements of energy saving technology were discussed, and carry on the omni-directional

analysis from multiple perspectives such as inside and outside decoration, energy conservation.

关键词：建筑装饰；装修设计；节能技术

Key words: building decoration; Decoration design; Energy saving technology

一、建筑装饰工程中节能技术的要求

One of energy-saving technology, building decoration engineering requirements

对于一般的装饰装修工程来说，要严格参照相关节能施工验收规范来进行。但就目前情况来看，我国大部分建筑还未达到这一标准。一定程度上是由于我国装修的市场模式尚未形成一定的规范。为了对耗能建筑在装修角度进行改造，应注意以下几点。

For general decoration engineering, energy-saving construction should strictly with reference to relevant acceptance specification. As currently envisaged, however, most of the buildings in our country has not yet reached this standard. Partly due to China's decoration market pattern has not yet formed a certain specification. In order to building energy consumption in decorating a perspective transformation, the following points should be paid attention to.

第一，对于保温隔热层，在装修中不能轻易改动。第二，

加强照明与电气节能。第三，对重点部分的保温隔热要加强。例如门窗与平屋顶顶层房间。第四，善于利用新兴资源。比如太阳能。第五、加强新型技术的开发，并且对生产技术进行有效改造，降低生产能耗。

First, for the thermal insulation layer, changes cannot be easily in the decoration. Second, strengthen lighting and electric energy saving. Third, heat preservation and heat insulation for the main part should be strengthened. Such as doors and Windows and flat roof top of the room. 4, good at using new resources. Such as solar energy. Fifth, strengthen the development of new technology, and to effective innovation of production technology, reduce production energy consumption.

二、建筑装饰工程中节能技术的探讨

Second, discusses the energy-saving technologies in building decoration engineering

（一）外部装饰节能

(a) the external decoration energy-saving

决定建筑保温层设置方式的因素很多，但主要是由围护结构决定的。围护结构首先要满足承重需求，其次就是保温需求。一般来说，在满足承重要求后，要加以专门的轻质围护材料予以辅助。目的是达到建筑物的保温需求，而且不会给建筑物造成太大的承重负担。目前这类材料已经被广泛应

用于实际生活中，比如泡沫聚苯乙烯。保温形式按照不同的需求分为三大类型。主要区分依据就是保温材料的位置不同，分别位于墙体内，外，中间部位。（详细做法见下图）在建筑设计阶段，如果保温材料位于墙体中间部位。则应与之同时考虑执行。如果保温材料位于墙体内部或者外部的话，则可以等到建筑大部分完工之后再考虑相关保温设计问题。

Building insulation set the way of many factors, but mainly decided by retaining structure. Palisade structure to meet the demand of bearing first, followed by thermal insulation requirements. In general, after satisfy the bearing requirement, to be dedicated auxiliary of lightweight enclosure materials. Purpose is to achieve the structure of the heat preservation requirements, and won't cause building bearing burden. At present this kind of material has been widely applied in real life, such as polystyrene foam. Insulation form is divided into three types according to different requirements. Main distinguish basis is the location of the heat preservation material is different, respectively located in the wall inside, outside, in the middle part. Detailed practice (see below) in construction design phase, if the heat preservation material is located in the middle of wall. You should to consider performing at the same time. If internal

or external heat preservation material in wall body, then you can wait to consider relevant completed most of the heat insulation design problems.

值得一提的是，要衡量外墙保温质量，首要问题就是要看保温性能如何。在其外保温基层位置上额外添加150厘米左右厚度的保温层，以保证其保温性能。而后，还要考虑到材料的相关热工性能。通过相关计算而得出所需施工厚度，以满足相关施工节能规范的要求。同时还要注意结合当地的实际气候与施工实际情况。

Be worth what carry is, to measure the external wall thermal insulation quality of top priority is to see how heat preservation performance. In its exterior insulation base position to add an extra 150 cm the thickness of the insulation layer, to ensure that the insulation performance. Then, considering the related thermodynamic performance of material. Through correlation calculation and thickness required for construction, in order to meet the requirements of relevant construction energy conservation standard. At the same time also note in combination with the practical situation of local climate and actual construction.

另外，还要注意到建筑构造措施问题。有些建筑局部地区容易产生热桥。由于在一定时期内，室内外温差较大。而

且通风性较差。而且建筑材质的导热性能也不同，而后就可能在外墙周边的圈梁，过梁等部位产生结露现象。可以导致房屋内渗水，甚至出现发霉现象。究其根本，主要是由于保温层导热不均匀导致的。热桥的产生，会导致围护结构的保温性能下降。从而降低建筑整体上的装修节能效果。为了尽可能地避免由于热桥产生而给建筑整体节能带来的一系列问题，并从美观的角度考虑。可以采用外墙外保温技术来阻断热桥。将保温涂料涂于最外层。而后就可以有效阻止相关部位热桥的产生。因为它使得整体形成了封闭体系，因而保温性能大幅提升。

In addition, the construction measures also notice to construction problems. Some local areas prone to thermal bridge construction. Because in a certain period, large temperature difference between indoor and outdoor. And poor ventilation. And thermal performance of building materials is different, and then he could be in exterior wall surrounding the ring beam and lintel dewing phenomenon etc. Can lead to water seepage in the property, even appear moldy phenomenon. At its root, is mainly due to the thermal insulation layer thermal conductivity caused by uneven. Produce thermal bridge, to cause a decline in palisade structure heat preservation performance. To reduce construction overall decoration energy-saving effect. In order to

avoid as much as possible due to producing thermal bridge to the building energy conservation of the whole brings a series of questions, and from the aesthetic point of view. Exterior insulation technology can be used to block the heat bridge. Will insulation coating coated on the outer layer. And can effectively prevent heat related parts of the bridge. Because it makes the whole formed a closed system, insulation performance is improved consequently.

（二）外墙节能与墙体装饰材料

(2) the outer wall energy saving and wall decoration materials 1、外墙涂漆

1, the exterior wall paint

随着建筑装修节能技术的发展，传统的无节能的类型外墙涂漆已经被淘汰。如今取而代之的是既可以既起到装饰并防水的效果，而又拥有较大节能空间的新型外墙涂漆。一般来说，目前大部分建筑在装修时都要遵循以下原则：如果建筑外墙的保温性已经可以被保证，就可以不用在选用外墙涂漆方面考虑保温性的问题。否则，就必须要在选取外墙涂漆之时考虑到保温节能问题。

With the development of architectural decoration energy-saving technology, the traditional no type of energy-saving wall paint has been eliminated. Now instead, can rise to decorate and both

waterproof effect, and has a large energy saving space a new type of exterior wall paint. In general, at present most of the buildings when decorate should follow the following principle: if the building exterior wall heat preservation can be guaranteed, can not choose the paint into consideration wall thermal insulation sex. Otherwise, it must be considered in selecting of exterior wall paint to the problem of heat preservation and heat insulation.

2、外墙贴面砖

2, exterior wall tile

如果在建筑外墙基础上另外增加一层围护结构，使得建筑本体导热比值更低，无意中可以达到相关建筑节能的效果。If, based on the building facade and add a layer of palisade structure, makes the building ontology, the lower thermal conductivity ratio can inadvertently reached related architectural energy saving effect.

3、玻璃幕墙

3, glass curtain wall

玻璃幕墙是围护结构的关键部分之一。而且可以说是现代建筑的一种发展趋势。它既把墙体与门窗有效结合在一起，又把围护结构与装饰结构两者之间的功能合二为一。不管是从装饰艺术性的角度，还是从保温性能要求来说都有着

不错的效果。是其他材料所不能相比的。但是玻璃幕墙也存在一些问题。因为它作为围护结构的关键部位之一，是建筑物热传导较为频繁的部位。热损失甚至可以数倍于墙体。与此同时，门窗与幕墙又承担了建筑节能的主体地位，几乎占到了50%以上。在此种情况之下，人们在玻璃幕墙节能设计中运用了新型材料。目前在此领域所运用的新型材料很多。比如中空玻璃、低辐射玻璃等等。我国目前使用较多的节能玻璃材料主要有以下几种：第一，热反射镀膜玻璃。它可以让大部分可见光透入屋内。并将大部分室内物体的辐射波留下。能够有效起到保温节能作用。第二，低辐射玻璃。也可以起到有效隔热与透光的作用。

One of the glass curtain wall is a key part of the retaining structure. And is a development trend of modern architecture. It both the wall and door together effectively, and the decoration of the retaining structure and the structure between the two functions together. No matter from the Angle of the decoration art, or from heat preservation performance requirements for all have good results. What is the other material can not be compared. But the glass curtain wall also has some problems. Because as one of the key parts of the enclosure structure, it is a building area of heat conduction is more frequent. Heat loss can even several times on the wall. At the same time, the doors and

Windows and curtain wall again take the main body status of building energy efficiency, almost accounts for more than 50%. Under such circumstances, people use of new materials in glass curtain wall energy saving design. At present, the use of new materials a lot in this field. Such as hollow glass, low-e glass, etc. Currently used in China more energy-saving glass material basically has the following kinds: first, the glass of hot reflex plated film. It can make most of the visible light into the room. And will be most indoor objects radiation wave leave. Effective heat preservation and heat insulation effect. Second, low radiation glass. Can also play the role of effective thermal insulation and pervious to light.

（三）内部装饰节能

(3) interior energy-saving

1、门窗工程

1, doors and Windows project

要说到围护结构中散热量较大的构件，窗户则是第一位的。门窗的能量损失主要由三部分构成。对流，传导和辐射。对流主要涉及到的是热量交换问题与其气密性问题。传导主要是涉及室内外热量传递的问题。辐射主要是红外波透过玻璃而传递的热量。

Want to say to the palisade structure heat release larger

components, the window is first. Doors and Windows of energy loss is mainly made up of three parts. Convection, conduction and radiation. Convection is mainly involved in the heat exchange problem with air tightness. Transmission is mainly involving the indoor and outdoor heat transfer pro blems. Radiation are mainly infrared heat wave passing through glass.

因此，要选用传热系数较小的框料。比如PVC钙塑门窗、APVC塑料门窗、其它树脂塑料门窗等。并采取阻断热桥等措施，减小窗户的传热系数，增强保温性能。还应采取改善窗户制作安装精度，比如选用节能型五金配件，控制安装偏差等、单层玻璃改用双层或中空玻璃、加密封条等方法，减少空气渗透，降低耗能等。

So, want to choose the frame material heat transfer coefficient smaller. Such as PVC plastic doors and Windows, APVC plastic doors and Windows and other resin plastic doors and Windows, etc. And take measures such as blocking heat bridge, minimize the window heat transfer coefficient, enhance thermal insulation performance. Also should be taken to improve the Windows installation accuracy, such as choosing energy-saving hardware fittings, installation deviation control, hollow glass, encryption or single glass to switch to double seals, reduce air infiltration, reduce energy consumption, etc.

2、轻质隔断

2, lightweight partition

墙面受室内功能制约，不能存在明显的凹凸，考虑墙面造型时，在充分满足室内防火等级的条件下，应选用保温性能较好的材料，如果要防止热量从一间传导到另一间不需要控温的房间的时候，轻质隔断内应加入保温材料，最大限度地减小热量的传导，例如在轻钢龙骨纸面石膏板隔墙中加入保温材料或在需保温的房问墙面进行保温。

Metope, subject to the limit of the indoor function, cannot exist obvious concave and convex, considering modelling of metope, in fully meet the conditions of indoor fire rating, should choose material heat preservation performance is good, if you want to prevent the heat transmit from one to another room does not need to temperature control, lightweight partition should be added to thermal insulation materials, minimize heat conduction, such as light steel keel gypsum board partition wall to add thermal insulation material, or the need for thermal insulation heat preservation room metope.

三、结语

Three, the conclusion

随着社会经济发展的加快，我国的建筑施工工程量也会越来越大。随之而来产生的环保问题近年来也是频繁地出

现。我国的建筑装饰工程中的装修技术已经逐步从过去的老旧施工模式转变为全新的施工模式。即越来越向节能环保，低成本方向发展。并对需要改进的施工工艺加以有效地改良，以避免出现不必要的损失。使相关建筑装修节能技术发挥出其应有的作用。

With the speeding up of the social and economic development, China's construction of quantities will be bigger and bigger. Followed by the environmental protection problems in recent years is also frequent. Of decoration in building decoration engineering technology in China has gradually from the past mode of old construction into a brand-new construction model. Is more and more to the energy conservation and environmental protection, low-cost direction. And the need to improve the construction technology of improved effectively, to avoid unnecessary loss. Make relevant architectural decoration energy-saving technology play its proper role.