状语从句(结果,条件,让步,方式)

结果状语从句

1引导词

so…that… , such…that…, so that, such that

to the degree (that), to the extent (that), to such a degree (that), to such an extent (that)

2 so…that…的用法

so 后面接形容词、副词

(1) 接形容词

The moon is so large that several million people could live there.

And home appliances will also become so smart that controlling and operating them will result in the breakout of a new psychological disorder-kitchen rage. （2）接副词

The newly described languages were often so strikingly different from the well studied languages of Europe and Southeast Asia that some scholars even accused Boas and Sapir of fabricating their data.

（3）接分词

However, the world is so made that elegant systems are in principle unable to deal with some of the world’s more fascinating and delightful aspects.

3 so that的用法

so that 引导的目的状语从句与结果状语从句的区别主要有两点：一是若so that 引导结果状语从句，往往会有逗号与主句隔开；二是在结果状语从句中往往没有情态动词，而目的状语从句通常都含有情态动词。

As the dome grows, it develops seed fissures; in at least a few cases the continent may break entirely along some of these fissures, so that the hot spot initiates the formation of a new ocean.

Native American languages are indeed different, so much so in fact that Navajo could be used by the US military as a code during World War II to send secret messages.

4 such…that的用法

such后面接名词

Diplomats and crabs are creatures who move in such a way that it is impossible to tell whether they are coming or going.

5 such that的用法

such相当于so+形容词

His anger was such that he lost control of himself.

His anger was so explosive that he lost control of himself.

The logic of scientific development is such that separate group of men working on the same problem in far-scattered laboratories are likely to arrive at the same answer at the same time.

※such与so的区别

so…that…,与such…that…的区别，其实就是so与such的区别

so本身是副词，后面可以跟形容词或副词，such是一个限定词，后面要跟名词

不能说such many dogs,要说many such dogs

6 其他短语连接的结果状语从句

to the degree (that), to the extent (that), to such a degree (that), to such an extent (that), 当置于句首时，同样需要倒装

The bereaved mother was grieved to the degree that she couldn’t eat anything for 3 days.

Large numbers of physicians seem unconcerned with the pain their patients are needlessly and predictably suffering.

6 结果状语从句的简化

结果状语从句可以用不定式简化

so…that…对应so…as to, such…that…对应such…as to, such that对应such as to

He was such a fool as to believe him.

Her voice was such as to make everyone stare.

7 结果状语从句的倒装

为了强调将so或such引导的部分置于句首

So fast does light travel that it is difficult for us to imagine its speed.

So severe was the storm that the pilot couldn’t fly through it.

条件状语从句

条件状语从句有两种——真实的、虚拟的

条件状语从句讨论的是真实的

1 常见的连词

if 和unless

If winter comes, can spring be far behind?

如果冬天来了，春天还会远吗？

In politics, if you want someone to make a speech, ask a man; if you want something done, ask a woman.

在政治领域，如果你想要有人发表演说，那就找男人去；而如果你想真正把事情解决，那就找女士。

Unless 如果不，除非，带有否定的含义

面子

Discussions about “face”can be difficult if one is not familiar with the significance and importance attached to it by many Asian people. It does have difficult meanings to different people and, unless a teacher is “comfortable” with broaching the subject, it is best left alone.

2 only if 与if only