不规则名词复数变化
名词变复数分为规则变化和不规则变化
名词变复数分为规则变化和不规则变化：一. 规则变化1) 一般情况在词尾加-s清辅音后读/s/ map-maps book-books浊辅音和元音后读/z/ bag-bags car-cars2) 以s, sh, ch, x等结尾的，加-es ，bus-buses watch-watches3) 以辅音字母+y结尾的，变y 为i再加es ，family---families baby---babies注意：以y结尾的专有名词变复数时，直接加s two Marys the Henrys 4) 以元音字母+y结尾的，直接加–s , boy-boys toy-toys key-keysholiday-holidays5）以辅音字母加o 结尾的名词变复数有两种形式：1. 无生命的物体后加s如：photo---photos piano---pianos2. 有生命的物体后加es如：potato--potatoes tomato--tomatoes hero---herosNegro---Negros这五个词速记口诀：黑人英雄爱吃西红柿土豆6）以元音字母加o 结尾的名词变复数时直接加-s如：radio---radios zoo---zoos bamboo---bamboos7）以f或fe 结尾的名词变复数时：1. 改f, fe 为v 再加es，如：wife---wives knife---knives wolf---wolves thief---thieves shelf---shelves half---halves leaf---leaves self---selveslife---lives连成口诀就是：妻子持刀去宰狼，小偷吓得发了慌，躲在架后保己命，半片树叶遮目光。
2. 直接加s，如：gulf---gulfs roof---roofs chief---chiefs surf---surfsbelief---beliefs proof---proofshandkerchief—handkerchiefs；连成口诀就是：海湾边，屋顶上，首领奴仆两相望，谁说他们没信仰，证据就在手帕上。
名词的单复数不规则变化 讲解
名词复数的不规则变化： 名词复数的不规则变化：
3）集体名词，以单数形式出现，但实为复数。例如： people， police，cattle等。不能说a people，a police，a cattle（牛），但可 以说a person，a policeman，a head of cattle。 the British，the French，the Chinese，the Japanese，the Swiss等 表示国民总称时，作复数用，如：The Chinese are industrious and brave．中国人民是勤劳勇敢的。 4）表示由两部分构成的东西，如：glasses（眼镜）， trousers， clothes等，若表达具体数目，要借助数量词pair（对，双）；suit （套）。例如：a pair of glasses；two pairs of trousers等。
名词复数的不规则变化： 名词复数的不规则变化：
5）以s结尾，仍为单数的名词，如： a．maths，politics，physics等学科名词，一般是不可数名词，为单数。 b．news为不可数名词。 c．the United States，the United Nations应视为单数。例如： The United Nations was organized in 1945．联合国是 1945年组建起来的。 d．以复数形式出现的书名、剧名、报纸名、杂志名，也应视为单数。例如： “The Arabian Nights”is a very interesting story-book．《一千零一夜》是 一本非常有趣的故事书。
Much/a lot of bread A bottle of ink 许多面包 一瓶墨水
A piece of apple juice 一块苹果派 Some rice A bar of chocolate A drop of water 一些大米 一条巧克力 一滴水
名词变复数规则、不规则变化
规则变化
1、一般在名词词尾加s，
map—maps地图，bird—birds鸟，
orange—oranges 桔子，
bike—bikes自行车；
2、以s, x, ch, sh结尾的名词加es，
box—boxes盒子，class—classes班级，watch—watches手表，dish-dishes盘，碟子，餐具；
3、以O结尾的名词后面加s或es
photo—photos相片radio—radios收音机zoo—zoos动物园
tomato—tomatoes西红柿potato—potatoes土豆
4、以辅音字母加y结尾的名词，变y为i+es
baby—babies婴儿family—families家庭；
以元音字母加y结尾的名词直接加s
boy—boys男孩toy—toys 玩具；
5、以fe或f结尾的名词，把fe或f变为ves
knife—knives小刀
wife—wives妻子
leaf—leaves树叶。
不规则变化
一、元音发生变化
二、词尾发生变化
三、单数、复数形式不变
四、只有复数的名词
五、第一个或最后一个词变成复数
六、构成合成名词的两个词都要变为复数。
不规则名词复数形式
学习好资料欢迎下载不规则名词复数形式1.以－f或－fe结尾的名词变复数（1）加－s，如：belief-beliefs信念roof-roofs屋顶（2）去f，fe加－ves，如：half-halves knife-knives leaf-leaves life-lives wolf-wolves狼thief-thieves self-selves wife-wives shelf-shelves2.以－o结尾的名词，变复数（1）加s，如：photo-photos piano-pianos钢琴radio-radios zoo-zoos kilo-kilos （2）加es，如：potato-potatoes tomato-tomatoes Negro-Negroes黑人hero-heroes3.表示“国家”的名词变复数Chinese-Chinese中国人Japanese-Japanese日本人Englishman-Englishmen英国人Frenchman-Frenchmen法国人German-Germans德国人Russian-Russians 俄国人Indian-Indians印第安人Canadian-Canadians加拿大人American-Americans美国人4.以复数形式出现的名词scissors剪刀goods货物trousers/pants/shorts裤子clothes衣服glasses眼镜5.以s结尾，仍为单数的名词（1）maths，politics政治学，physics物理学等学科名词，为不可数名词，是单数。
（2）news是不可数名词。
（3）the United States美利坚合众国，the United Nations联和国应视为单数。
6.由man和woman构成的合成名词，两个构成部分都要变成复数如：man worker-men workers（男工人）woman doctor-women doctors（女医生）7.以辅音字母＋y结尾的名词，变y为i再加－es。
名词变复数不规则变化规律
名次变复数----规则规则与不规则名词的变化一、以s、x、sh、ch结尾的名词加es: glasses, boxes, brushes, matches、以辅音字母加y结尾的名词,变y为i加es: cities, babies, enemies、4)以f 或fe结尾的名词,多数变f为v加es: wives, knives、但有些词只加s: roofs, proof s, chiefs、以o结尾的名词,有些加es: Negroes, heroes, tomatoes, potatoes、其它加s: radio s, zoos, pianos, photos、不规则名词:foot→feet, goose→geese, tooth→teeth, child→children,man→me n, woman→women, sheep→sheep, deer→deer, mouse→mice、某些外来词变复数:datum→data, medium→media, bacterium→bacteria, curriculum→curricula, criterion→criteria, phenomenon→phenomena、(um/on→a)analysis→analyses, basis→bases, crisis→crises, diagnosis→diagnoses、(is→es )复合名词变复数:以不可数名词结尾的复合名词无复数形式,如:homework、以man或woman为前缀的复合名词变复数,前后两个名词都变复数,如:manservant→menservants, woman student women students、其它复合名词变复数:grown up→grown ups,brother in law→brothers in law, stand by→stands by、二、不规则变化几乎所有单词arise 出现arose arisenawake 醒来awoke awaked / awokenbaby-sit 临时照顾baby-sat baby-satbe(am / is / are) 就是was / were beenbeat 击打beat beatenbecome 变成became becomebegin 开始began begunbend 使弯曲bent bentbet 赌bet betbite 咬bit bitten / bitblow 吹blew blownbreak 打破broke brokenbring 拿来brought broughtbuild 建造built builtburn 燃烧burnt / burned burnt / burned buy 买bought boughtcan 能could ×cast 抛cast castcatch 捕捉caught caughtchoose 选择chose chosencome 来came comecost 花费cost costcut 割cut cutdeal 分配dealt dealtdig 挖dug dugdo / does 做did donedraw 画,拉,拖drew drawndream 做梦dreamed / dreamt dreamed / dreamt drink 喝drank drunkdrive 驾驶drove driveneat 吃ate eatenfall 掉落fell fallenfeed 喂fed fedfeel 触摸felt feltfight 作战fought foughtfind 找出found foundfly 飞flew flownforbid 禁止forbade / forbad forbiddenforget 忘记forgot forgot / forgottenforgive 原谅forgave forgivenfreeze 结冰froze frozenget 得到got gotgive 给gave givengo 去went gonegrow 成长grew grownhang 挂/ 绞死hung / hanged hung / hangedhave / has 有had had be was/were been (be动词) do did done (助动词)speak spoke spoken (讲话)read read read (阅读)cut cut cut (切)cost cost cost (花费)go went gone (去,走)feel felt felt (感觉)dig dug dug (挖)overcome overcame overcome (克服)come came come (来)write wrote written (写)get got gotten (自己查一下,这个词要瞧用在那里了) see saw seen (瞧)spend spent spent (花费)put put put (放下)find fought fought (找,查明)deal dealt dealt (分配)bend bent bent (使…变曲)fight fought fought (搏斗,奋斗)keep kept kept (留下,保留,继续)lay laid lain (放置,躺下,保留)lend lent lent (借出,借给)lose lost lost(失去,丧失)sit sat sat (坐,就坐)sleep slept slept(睡觉,睡着)英语不规则动词表Infinitive Past Tense Past Participle不定式过去式过去分词abide abode,abided abode,abidedarise arose arisenawake awoke,awaked awoken,awakedbe(am,is,are) was;were beenbear bore borne,bornbeat beat beatenbecome became becomebefall befell befallenbeget begot begotten,begotbegin began begunbehold beheld beheldbend bent bentbereave bereaved,bereft bereaved,bereftbeseech besought,beseeched besought,beseeched beset beset besetbespeak bespoke bespoken,bespokebespread bespread bespreadbestrew bestrewed bestrewn,bestrewedbestride bestrode,bestrid bestridden,bestridbet bet,betted bet,bettedbetake betook betakenbethink bethought bethoughtbid bade,bid bidden,bidbide bode,bided bidedbind bound boundbite bit bitten,bitbleed bled bledblend blended,blent blended,blentbless blessed,blest blessed,blestblow blew blownbreak broke brokenbreed bred bredbring brought broughtbroadcast broadcast,broadcasted broadcast,broadcasted browbeat browbeat browbeatenbuild built builtburn burnt,burned burnt,burnedburst burst burstbuy bought boughtcast cast castcatch caught caughtchide chid,chided chid,chidden,chidedchoose chose chosencleave cleaved,cleft,clove cleaved,cleft,cloven cleave cleaved,clave cleavedcling clung clungclothe clothed,clad clothed,cladcome came comecost cost costcreep crept creptcrow crowed,crew crowedcut cut cutdeal dealt dealtdig dug dugdispread dispread dispreaddo did donedraw drew drawndream dreamed,dreamt dreamed,dreamtdrink drank drunkdrive drove drivendwell dwelt,dwelled dwelt,dwelledeat ate eatenfall fell fallenfeed fed fedfeel felt feltfight fought foughtfind found foundflee fled fledfling flung flungfly flew flownforbear forbore forborneforbid forbade,forbad forbidden,forbidfordo fordid fordoneforecast forecast,forecasted forecast,forecasted forego forewent foregoneforeknow foreknew foreknownforerun foreran forerunforesee foresaw foreseenforeshow foreshowed foreshownforetell foretold foretoldforget forgot forgotten,forgotforgive forgave forgivenforsake forsook forsakenforswear forswore forswornfreeze froze frozengainsay gainsaid gainsaidget got got,gottengild gilded,gilt gilded,giltgird girded,girt girded,girtgive gave givengo went gonegrave graved graven,gravedgrind ground groundgrow grew grownhamstring hamstrung,hamstringed hamstrung,hamstringed hang hung,hanged hung,hangedhave(has) had hadhear heard heardheave heaved,hove heaved,hovehew hewed hewn,hewedhide hid hidden,hidhit hit hithold held heldhurt hurt hurtinlay inlaid inlaidkeep kept keptkneel knelt,kneeled knelt,kneeledknit knitted,knit knitted,knitknow knew knownlade laded laded,ladenlay laid laidlead led ledlean leaned,leant leaned,leantleap leapt,leaped leapt,leapedlearn learned,learnt learned,learntleave left leftlend lent lentlet let letlie lay lainlight lit,lighted lit,lightedlose lost lostmake made mademean meant meantmeet met metmelt melted melted,moltenmisdeal misdealt misdealtmisgive misgave misgivenmislay mislaid mislaidmislead misled misledmistake mistook mistakenmisunderstand misunderstood misunderstood mow mowed mowed,mownoutbid outbid outbid,outbiddenoutbreed outbred outbredoutdo outdid outdoneoutdraw outdrew outdrawnoutgo outwent outgoneoutgrow outgrew outgrownoutlay outlaid outlaidoutride outrode outriddenoutrun outran outrunoutsell outsold outsoldoutshine outshone outshoneoutshoot outshot outshotoutsit outsat outsatoutspend outspent outspentoutspread outspread outspreadoutwear outwore outwornoverbear overbore overborneoverbid overbid overbidden,overbid overblow overblew overblownoverbuild overbuilt overbuiltoverbuy overbought overboughtovercast overcast overcastovercome overcame overcomeoverdo overdid overdoneoverdraw overdrew overdrawnoverdrive overdrove overdrivenovereat overate overeatenoverfeed overfed overfedoverfly overflew overflownovergrow overgrew overgrownoverhang overhung overhungoverhear overheard overheardoverlay overlaid overlaidoverleap overleapt,overleaped overleapt,overleaped overlie overlay overlainoverpay overpaid overpaidoverride overrode overriddenoverrun overran overrunoversee oversaw overseenoversell oversold oversoldoverset overset oversetoversew oversewed oversewed,oversewn overshoot overshot overshotoversleep overslept oversleptoverspend overspent overspentoverspread overspread overspreadovertake overtook overtakenoverthrow overthrew overthrownoverwind overwound overwoundoverwrite overwrote overwrittenpartake partook partakenpay paid paidprecast precast precastprove proved proved,provenput put putquit quitted,quit quitted,quitread read[red] read[red]reave reaved,reft reaved,reftrebuild rebuilt rebuiltrecast recast recastreeve rove,reeved rove,reevedrelay relaid relaidrend rent rentrepay repaid repaidreset reset resetretell retold retoldrid rid,ridded rid,riddedride rode riddenring rang rungrise rose risenrive rived riven,rivedrun ran runsaw sawed sawn,sawedsay said saidsee saw seenseek sought soughtsell sold soldsend sent sentset set setsew sewed sewn,sewedshake shook shakenshave shaved shaved,shavenshear sheared shorn,shearedshed shed shedshine shone shoneshoe shod,shoed shod,shoed,shodden shoot shot shotshow showed shown,showedshred shredded,shred shredded,shred shrink shrank,shrunk shrunk,shrunken shrive shrove,shrived shriven,shrived shut shut shutsing sang,sung sungsink sank,sunk sunk,sunkensit sat satslay slew slainsleep slept sleptslide slid slid,sliddensling slung slungslink slunk slunkslit slit slitsmell smelt,smelled smelt,smelled smite smote smitten,smotesow sowed sown,sowedspeak spoke spokenspeed sped,speeded sped,speeded spell spelt,spelled spelt,spelled spend spent spentspill spilt,spilled spilt,spilledspin spun spunspit spat,spit spat,spitsplit split splitspoil spoilt,spoiled spoilt,spoiled spread spread spreadspring sprang,sprung sprungstand stood stoodstave staved,stove staved,stove steal stole stolenstick stuck stucksting stung stungstink stank,stunk stunkstrew strewed strewn,strewedstride strode stridden,stridstrike struck struck,strickenstring strung strungstrive strove,strived striven,strived swear swore swornsweat sweat,sweated sweat,sweated sweep swept sweptswell swelled swollen,swelledswim swam swumswing swung swungtake took takenteach taught taughttear tore torntell told toldthink thought thoughtthrive throve,thrived thriven,thrivedthrow threw thrownthrust thrust thrusttread trod trodden,trodunbend unbent unbentunbind unbound unboundunbuild unbuilt unbuiltunderbid underbid underbidden,underbid underbuy underbought underbought undercut undercut undercutunderfeed underfed underfedundergo underwent undergoneunderlay underlaid underlaidunderlet underlet underletunderlie underlay underlainunderpay underpaid underpaidunderrun underran underrunundersell undersold undersoldunderset underset undersetundershoot undershot undershotunderstand understood understood undertake undertook undertakenunderwrite underwrote underwrittenundo undid undoneundraw undrew undrawnunfreeze unfroze unfrozenungird ungirded,ungirt ungirded,ungirt unhang unhung unhungunknit unknitted,unknit unknitted,unknit unlade unladed unladed,unladenunlay unlaid unlaidunlearn unlearnt,unlearned unlearnt,unlearned unmake unmade unmadeunreeve unrove,unreeved unrove,unreeved unsay unsaid unsaidunset unset unsetunsling unslung unslungunstick unstuck unstuckunstring unstrung unstrungunswear unswore unswornunteach untaught untaughtunthink unthought unthoughtuntread untrod untrodden,untrod unweave unwove unwovenunwind unwound unwoundupbuild upbuilt upbuiltuphold upheld uphelduppercut uppercut uppercutuprise uprose uprisenupset upset upsetupsweep upswept upsweptupswing upswung upswungwake waked,woke waked,woken,woke waylay waylaid waylaidwear wore wornweave wove wovenwed wedded,wed wedded,wedweep wept weptwet wetted,wet wetted,wetwin won wonwind winded,wound winded,woundwit(wot) wist wistwithdraw withdrew withdrawn withhold withheld withheldwithstand withstood withstoodwork worked,wrought worked,wrought wring wrung wrungwrite wrote written。
名词变复数不规则变化规律
名次变复数----规则与不规则名词的变化以s、x、sh、ch结尾的名词加es:glasses, boxes, brushes, matches.以辅音字母力口y 结尾的名词，变y 为i力口es:cities, babies, enemies. 4)以f或fe结尾的名词，多数变f为v加es:wives, knives但有些词只加s:roofs, proofs, chiefs.以o结尾的名词，有些加es:Negroes, heroes, tomatoes, potatoes其它力口s:radio s, zoos, pia nos, photos.不规则名词：foot — feet, goose — geese, tooth — teeth, child — childre n,ma n — me n, womans wome n, sheep —sheep, deer —deer, mouse —mice.某些外来词变复数：datum —data, medium —media, bacterium —bacteria,curriculum —curricula, criterion —criteria, phenomenon —phenoumna.Qn —a) analysis —analyses, basis —bases, cris —crises,diag no sis —diag no sesi$ —es )复合名词变复数：以不可数名词结尾的复合名词无复数形式，如：homework.以man或woman为前缀的复合名词变复数，前后两个名词都变复数，如：manservant f menservants, woman student women students. 其它复合名词变复数：grow n up f grow n ups,brother in law f brothers in law, stand by f stands by.二、不规则变化几乎所有单词arise 出现arose arisenawake 醒来awoke awaked / awokenbaby-sit 临时照顾baby-sat baby-satbe(am / is / are)是was / were beenbeat 击打beat beatenbegin 开始began begunbend 使弯曲bent bentbet 赌bet betbite 咬bit bitten / bitblow 吹blew blownbreak 打破broke brokenbring 拿来brought broughtbuild 建造built builtbur n 燃烧bur nt / bur ned bur nt / bur nedbuy 买bought boughtcan 能could xcast 抛cast castcatch 捕捉caught caught choose 选择chose chosencost 花费cost costcut 割cut cutdeal 分配dealt dealt dig 挖dug dug do / does 做did done draw 画，拉，拖drew drawn dream 做梦dreamed / dreamt dreamed / dreamt drink 喝drank drunkdrive 驾驶drove driven eat 吃ate eaten fall 掉落fell fallen feed 喂fed fed feel 触摸felt felt fight 作战fought fought find 找出found found fly 飞flew flown forbid 禁止forbade / forbad forbiddenforget 忘记forgot forgot / forgotten forgive 原谅forgave forgiven freeze 结冰froze frozen get 得到got got give 给gave given go 去went gone grow 成长grew grown hang 挂/绞死hung / hanged hung / hanged have / has 有had had be was/were been （be动词） do did done （助动词）speak spoke spoken 讲（话） read read read （阅读）cut cut cut （切） cost cost cost （花费） go went gone （去,走） feel felt felt （感觉）dig dug dug （挖）write wrote written （写）get got gotten （自己查一下,这个词要看用在那里了）see saw seen 看（）spend spent spent （花费）put put put （放下）find fought fought （找，查明）deal dealt dealt （分配）bend bent bent （使…变曲）fight fought fought （搏斗，奋斗） keep kept kept （留下，保留，继续） lay laid lain （放置，躺下，保留） lend lent lent （借出，借给） lose lost lost（失去，丧失） sit sat sat （坐，就坐）sleep slept slept（睡觉，睡着）英语不规则动词表Infinitive Past Tense Past Participle 不定式过去分词abide abode,abided abode,abided arise arose arisenawake awoke,awaked awoken,awakedbe（am,is,are） was;were beenbear bore borne,bornbeat beat beatenbefall befell befallenbeget begot begotten,begot begin began begun behold beheld beheld bend bent bent bereave bereaved,bereft bereaved,bereft beseech besought,beseechedbesought,beseeched beset beset beset bespeak bespoke bespoken,bespoke bespread bespread bespread bestrew bestrewed bestrewn,bestrewed bestride bestrode,bestrid bestridden,bestrid bet bet,betted bet,betted betake betook betaken bethink bethought bethought bid bade,bid bidden,bid bide bode,bided bided bind bound bound bite bit bitten,bit bleed bled bled blend blended,blent blended,blent bless blessed,blest blessed,blestblow blew blown break broke broken breed bred bred bring brought brought broadcast broadcast,broadcasted broadcast,broadcasted browbeat browbeat browbeatenbuild built builtburn burnt,burned burnt,burned burst burst burst buy bought bought cast cast cast catch caught caught chide chid,chided chid,chidden,chided choose chose chosencleave cleaved,cleft,clove cleaved,cleft,cloven cleave cleaved,clave cleaved cling clung clungclothe clothed,clad clothed,cladcost cost costcreep crept creptcrow crowed,crew crowedcut cut cutdeal dealt dealt dig dug dug dispread dispread dispread do did done draw drew drawn dream dreamed,dreamt dreamed,dreamt drink drank drunk drive drove driven dwell dwelt,dwelled dwelt,dwelled eat ate eaten fall fell fallen feed fed fed feel felt felt fight fought fought find found found flee fled fled fling flung flung fly flew flown forbear forboreforborne forbid forbade,forbad forbidden,forbidfordo fordid fordoneforecast forecast,forecasted forecast,forecasted forego forewent foregone foreknow foreknew foreknown forerun foreran forerun foresee foresaw foreseen foreshow foreshowed foreshown foretell foretold foretold forget forgot forgotten,forgot forgive forgave forgiven forsake forsook forsaken forswear forswore forsworn freeze froze frozen gainsay gainsaid gainsaid get got got,gotten gild gilded,gilt gilded,gilt gird girded,girt girded,girt give gave given go went gone grave graved graven,graved grind ground groundgrow grew grownhamstring hamstrung,hamstringed hamstrung,hamstringed hang hung,hangedhung,hangedhave(has) had had hear heard heard heave heaved,hove heaved,hove hew hewed hewn,hewed hide hid hidden,hid hit hit hit hold held held hurt hurt hurt inlay inlaid inlaid keep kept kept kneel knelt,kneeled knelt,kneeled knit knitted,knit knitted,knit know knew known lade laded laded,laden lay laid laid lead led led lean leaned,leant leaned,leant leap leapt,leaped leapt,leapedlearn learned,learnt learned,learnt leave left left lend lent lent let let let lie lay lain light lit,lighted lit,lighted lose lost lost make made made mean meant meant meet met met melt melted melted,molten misdeal misdealt misdealt misgive misgave misgiven mislay mislaid mislaid mislead misled misled mistake mistook mistaken misunderstand misunderstood misunderstood mow mowed mowed,mown outbid outbidoutbid,outbidden outbreed outbred outbred outdo outdid outdoneoutdraw outdrew outdrawn outgo outwent outgone outgrow outgrew outgrown outlay outlaid outlaid outride outrode outridden outrun outran outrun outsell outsold outsold outshine outshone outshone outshoot outshot outshot outsit outsat outsat outspend outspent outspent outspread outspread outspread outwear outwore outworn overbear overbore overborne overbid overbid overbidden,overbid overblow overblew overblown overbuild overbuilt overbuilt overbuy overbought overbought overcast overcast overcast overdo overdid overdone overdraw overdrew overdrawn overdrive overdrove overdriven overeat overate overeaten overfeed overfed overfed overfly overflew overflown overgrow overgrew overgrown overhang overhung overhung overhear overheard overheard overlay overlaid overlaid overleap overleapt,overleaped overleapt,overleaped overlie overlay overlain overpay overpaid overpaid override overrode overridden overrun overran overrun oversee oversaw overseen oversell oversold oversold overset overset overset oversew oversewed oversewed,oversewn overshoot overshot overshot oversleep overslept overslept overspend overspent overspent overspread overspread overspreadovertake overtook overtaken overthrow overthrew overthrown overwind overwound overwound overwrite overwrote overwritten partake partook partaken pay paid paid precast precast precast prove proved proved,proven put put put quit quitted,quit quitted,quit read read[red] read[red] reave reaved,reft reaved,reft rebuild rebuilt rebuilt recast recast recast reeve rove,reeved rove,reeved relay relaid relaid rend rent rent repay repaid repaid reset reset reset retell retold retold rid rid,ridded rid,riddedride rode ridden ring rang rung rise rose risen rive rived riven,rived run ran run saw sawed sawn,sawed say said said see saw seen seek sought sought sell sold sold send sent sent set set set sew sewed sewn,sewed shake shook shaken shave shaved shaved,shaven shear sheared shorn,sheared shed shed shed shine shone shone shoe shod,shoed shod,shoed,shodden shoot shot shot show showed shown,showed shred shredded,shred shredded,shred shrink shrank,shrunk shrunk,shrunken shriveshrove,shrived shriven,shrived shut shut shut sing sang,sung sung sink sank,sunk sunk,sunken sit sat sat slay slew slain sleep slept slept slide slid slid,slidden sling slung slung slink slunk slunk slit slit slit smell smelt,smelled smelt,smelled smite smote smitten,smote sow sowed sown,sowed speak spoke spoken speed sped,speedsped,speed spell spelt,spelled spelt,spelled spend spent spent spill spilt,spilledspilt,spilled spin spun spun spit spat,spit spat,spit split split split spoil spoilt,spoiled spoilt,spoiled spread spread spread spring sprang,sprung sprung stand stood stood stave staved,stove staved,stove steal stole stolen stick stuck stuck sting stung stung stink stank,stunk stunk strew strewed strewn,strewed stride strode stridden,strid strike struck struck,stricken string strung strung strive strove,strived striven,strived swear swore sworn sweat sweat,sweated sweat,sweated sweep swept swept swell swelled swollen,swelledswim swam swum swing swung swung take took taken teach taught taught tear tore torn tell told told think thought thought thrive throve,thrived thriven,thrived throw threw thrown thrust thrust thrust tread trod trodden,trod unbend unbent unbent unbind unbound unbound unbuild unbuilt unbuilt underbid underbid underbidden,underbid underbuy underbought underbought undercut undercut undercut underfeed underfed underfed undergo underwent undergone underlay underlaid underlaid underlet underlet underlet underlie underlay underlain underpay underpaid underpaid underrun underran underrunundersell undersold undersold underset underset underset undershoot undershotundershot understand understood understood undertake undertook undertakenunderwrite underwrote underwritten undo undid undone undraw undrew undrawnunfreeze unfroze unfrozen ungird ungirded,ungirt ungirded,ungirt unhang unhungunhung unknit unknitted,unknit unknitted,unknit unlade unladed unladed,unladen unlayunlaid unlaid unlearn unlearnt,unlearned unlearnt,unlearned unmake unmade unmadeunreeve unrove,unreeved unrove,unreeved unsay unsaid unsaidunset unset unset unsling unslung unslung unstick unstuck unstuck unstring unstrungunstrung unswear unswore unsworn unteach untaught untaught unthink unthoughtunthought untread untrod untrodden,untrod unweave unwove unwoven unwind unwoundunwound upbuild upbuilt upbuilt uphold upheld upheld uppercut uppercut uppercut uprise uprose uprisen upset upset upset upsweep upswept upswept upswing upswung upswung wake waked,woke waked,woken,woke waylay waylaid waylaid wear wore worn weave wove wovenwed wedded,wed wedded,wed weep wept wept wet wetted,wet wetted,wet win won won wind winded,wound winded,wound wit(wot) wist wist withdraw withdrew withdrawn withhold withheld withheld withstand withstood withstood work worked,wrought worked,wrought wring wrung wrung write wrote written。
初中英语名词不规则变化汇总
初中英语名词不规则变化汇总名词不规则变化汇总第一类：无规律变化1. foot →feet ，goose →geese，tooth---teeth，child →children，ox →oxen，louse →lice，woman →women，man →men，mouse →mice注意：与man 和woman构成的合成词，其复数形式也是-men 和-women。
如：an Englishman，two Englishmen. 但German不是合成词，故复数形式为Germans;Bowman是姓，其复数是the Bowmans。
第二类：单复数同形sheep, deer, fish, cattle, Chinese, Japanese，audienceli，jin，yuan，two li，three mu，four jin但除人民币元、角、分外，美元、英镑、法郎等都有复数形式。
如：a dollar, two dollars;a meter, two meters第三类：以o结尾的单词A、有些以o结尾的外来词或缩略词的复数形式只加"S"；B、以元音字母加o结尾的单词只加"s"piano，photo，zero，radio，bamboo，tobacco，solo，cuckoo，dynamo，cameo，soprano.如果以o结尾的名词有生命力，则该词汇一般加-es。
如：Hero，tomato，potato，Negro(黑人)[简记;黑人英雄吃西红柿马铃薯。
]第四类：以辅音加y结尾的名词变y为i再加"es"如：family--families ，city--cities若y前面是元音字母只加"S"，如：key--keys boy--boys play--plays toy--toys第五类：以f，fe结尾的名词，变f，fe为v 加es如：calf--calves，knife--knivesA.下列名词直接加"S"roof(房顶) reef(暗礁) chief(首领) cliff(悬崖) grief(悲痛) turf(草皮) belief(信仰) gulf(港湾) dwarf(侏儒) safe(保险箱) sheriff(长官) tariff(关税)B. scarf(头巾) whart(码头) staff(全体职员) handkerchief(手帕) hoof(蹄)既可直接加"s"，又可变f为v加es。
名词变复数不规则变化笔记整理
标题：深度探讨：名词变复数不规则变化笔记整理一、引言在英语语法中，名词的复数形式通常是通过在词尾加上-s或-es来构成的。
然而，有一些名词的复数形式却不按照规律进行变化，这就是不规则变化。
本文将深入探讨名词变复数不规则变化的情况及常见例子，帮助读者更好地掌握英语语法规则。
二、名词变复数不规则变化的情况在英语中，有一些名词的复数形式并不按照通常的规则变化，而是采用了特殊的形式。
这些不规则变化的名词大多源自古英语，经过长期演变而形成了现在的形式。
在掌握不规则变化的名词时，需要对这些特殊情况进行深入了解和记忆。
三、常见的名词不规则变化情况1. 名词以-f或-fe结尾，变复数时变为-ves例：wife - wives, leaf - leaves2. 名词以-us结尾，变复数时变为-i例：cactus - cacti, fungus - fungi3. 名词以-o结尾，变复数时有多种形式例：potato - potatoes, hero - heroes, piano - pianos4. 名词本身形式完全变化例：man - men, woman - women, child - children这些是常见的名词变复数不规则变化的情况，通过反复练习和记忆这些例子，读者可以更好地掌握这些特殊情况。
四、不规则变化名词的用法不规则变化的名词在英语中使用十分广泛，涉及到日常交流、文学作品以及各类文体。
能熟练掌握这些名词的变复数形式，有助于提高英语表达的准确性和流利度。
五、个人观点与总结在学习英语语法时，不规则变化的名词形式可能会给学习者带来一定的困扰，但通过系统的学习和实践，是可以掌握这一规则的。
在平时的学习中，可以结合课堂教学和阅读，多多留意和积累这些不规则变化的名词，从而提升自己的语言表达能力。
总体而言，不规则变化的名词形式是英语语法中的一个重要部分，在学习和实践中需要反复强化。
希望本文能够帮助读者更好地理解和掌握这一规则，从而在英语学习中取得更好的成绩。
- 1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性，平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
- 2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
- 3、如文档侵犯您的权益，请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间：9:00-18:30)。
不规则名词复数变化一、分类1.以f或fe结尾：大多数以f或fe结尾的名词的复数形式时将其转为ves，但个别直接加s：* roof →roofs 屋顶* gulf →gulfs 海湾* grief →griefs 悲伤, 悲痛, 担心* cliff →cliffs 悬崖, 峭壁* beef →beefs 牛肉* chief →chiefs 首长, 首领* proof →proofs 证明* staff →staffs 全体职员2.元音：有些名称的复数形式是改变它们的元音声：* -man →-men 男……* -woman →-women 女……* fireman →firemen 消防员* foot →feet 脚* goose →geese 鹅* tooth →teeth 牙齿* mouse →mice 老鼠* louse →lice 虱子3.古代英语：有些是沿用古代英语：* child →children 小孩, 儿童* ox →oxen 牛, 阉牛4.以o结尾：➢有的以o结尾的单词加“s”：* auto →autos [美口] 汽车* kangaroo →kangaroos 袋鼠* kilo →kilos 千克, 公斤* memo →memos [口] 备忘录* photo →photos 照片* piano →pianos 钢琴* pimento →pimentos 多香果* pro →pros 赞成意见* con →cons 反对意见* solo →solos, soli 独唱, 独奏* soprano →sopranos 女高音* studio →studios 工作室* tattoo →tattoos 文身* video →videos 视频* zoo →zoos 动物园* bamboo →bamboos 竹子➢有的则加“es”：* echo →echoes 回声, 反响* embargo →embargoes 禁运, 禁运令* hero →heroes 英雄* potato →potatoes 土豆* tomato →tomatoes 番茄* torpedo →torpedoes 鱼雷, 水雷* veto →vetoes 否决, 否决权* negro →negroes 黑人➢有的两种都可以：* buffalo →buffalos / buffaloes / buffalo水牛* cargo →cargos / cargoes (船/飞机的)货物* halo →halos / haloes 光环* mosquito →mosquitos / mosquitoes 蚊子* motto →mottos / mottoes 箴言, 格言* no →nos / noes 没有* tornado →tornados / tornadoes龙卷风* volcano →volcanos / volcanoes 火山* zero →zeros / zeroes 零* commando →commands / commandoes突击员5.不变：有的则不变：* cod →cod 鳕鱼* deer →deer 鹿* fish →fish 鱼, 鱼类* offspring →offspring 子孙, 后裔, 幼崽* perch →perch 鲈鱼* sheep →sheep 绵羊* trout →trou 鲑鱼* bison →bison 野牛* moose →moose 驼鹿* aircraft →aircraft 飞机, 飞行器下面这些都是固有复数，即使单数也是像复数形式：* barracks →barracks 兵营* crossroads →crossroads 十字路口* dice →dice 骰子* gallows →gallows 绞刑架第1 页共4 页* headquarters →headquarters 总部* means →means 方法, 手段, 途径* series →series 系列* species →species 物种6.借用单词：英语中有些单词是借用其他语言的。
部分借用单词的复数跟随外语形式，下面每行的第二个单词都是外语形式，第三个为现时英语使用：➢以“a”结尾的转为“ae”：* alga →algae 水藻* amoeba →amoebae, amoebas变形虫* antenna →antennae, antennas 触角,天线* formula →formulae, formulas公式* larva →larvae (昆虫的)幼虫* nebula →nebulae, nebulas 星云* vertebra →vertebrae, vertebras脊椎骨* alumna →alumnae 女校友➢以“u”结尾的转为“ux”：* beau →beaux, beaus 情郎, 纨绔子弟* bureau →bureaux, bureaus 局, 机构* tableau →tableaux, tableaus 舞台造型, 场景* plateau →plateaux, plateaus 高原, 平顶➢以“us”结尾的转为“-ora”、“-era”（适用于专业术语）：* corpus →corpora 资料, 文集, 文献* genus →genera (动植物的)属, 类➢以“us”结尾的转为“i”：* alumnus →alumni 校友* bacillus →bacilli 杆菌* cactus →cacti, cactuses仙人球,仙人掌* focus →foci 焦点* fungus →fungi, funguses真菌* nucleus →nuclei 核心, 原子核* octopus →octopi, octopuses章鱼* radius →radii, radiuses 半径* stimulus →stimuli 刺激物, 促进因素* syllabus →syllabi, syllabuses大纲, 提纲* terminus →termini 终点, 目标, 界碑* hippopotamus→hippopotami 河马* genius →genii, geniuses 天才* abacus →abaci, abacuses算盘➢以“um”结尾的转为“a”：* addendum →addenda 附录, 补遗* bacterium →bacteria 细菌* curriculum →curricula, curriculums 总课程* datum →data 数据* erratum →errata 写错, 排错, 勘误* medium →media 媒体* memorandum →memoranda, memorandums 备忘* ovum →ova 卵子, 卵细胞* stratum →strata, stratums 岩层, 地层, 阶层* symposium →symposia, symposiums座谈会* agendum →agenda 议程* vacuum →vacua, vacuums 真空, 空虚, 空白* gymnasium →gymnasia 健身房, 体育馆* stadium →stadia, stadiums 体育场* forum →for a, forums 论坛* minimum →minima 最小量* ultimatum →ultimata, ultimatums 最后通牒➢以“ex”或“ix”结尾的转为“ices”：* apex →apices, apexes顶点* appendix →appendices, appendixes 附录* cervix →cervices, cervixes 宫颈* index →indices, indexes 目录, 索引* matrix →matrices, matrixes 模型, 矩阵* vortex →vortices, vortexes 漩涡➢以“is”结尾的转为“es”：* analysis →analyses 分析, 解析, 纲领* axis →axes 轴线, 中心线* basis →bases 基础, 底座, 基点* crisis →crises 危机, 危机时刻* diagnosis →diagnoses 诊断法, 诊断结论* emphasis →emphases 强调, 重点* hypothesis →hypotheses 假设, 猜想* neurosis →neuroses 神经机能病/官能症* oasis →oases 绿洲, 乐土* parenthesis →parentheses 插入语, 圆括号* synopsis →synopses 摘要, 大纲* thesis →theses 论文, 论题, 论点* ellipsis →ellipses [语]省略* synthesis →syntheses 综合, 合成第2 页共4 页➢以“on”结尾的转为“a”：* criterion →criteria (批评/判断的)标准* phenomenon →phenomena 现象, 征兆* automaton →automata 机器人, 机械手➢英语中沿用其他语言的规则：✧意大利语：“o”转为“i”* libretto →libretti (歌剧等的)剧本* tempo →tempi 拍子, 节奏, 速度* virtuoso →virtuosi, virtuosos 艺术家* concerto →concerti 协奏曲✧希伯来语：加“im”* cherub →cherubim 小天使* seraph →seraphim 六翼天使✧希腊语：加“ta”* schema →schemata 概要, 计划, 图表* stigma →stigmata 耻辱的标记, 瑕疵二、不规则名词复数列表（前面提到的除外）A * abacus →abaci, abacuses算盘* addendum →addenda 附录, 补遗* agendum →agenda 议程* aircraft →aircraft 飞机, 飞行器* alga →algae 水藻* alumna →alumnae [美]女校友* alumnus →alumni 校友* analysis →analyses 分析, 解析, 纲领* antenna →antennas, antennae 天线, 触角* apex →apices, apexes 顶点* appendix →appendices, appendixes 附录* automaton →automata 机器人, 机械手* axis →axes 轴线, 中心线B* bacillus →bacilli 杆菌* bacterium →bacteria 细菌* basis →bases 基础, 底座, 基点* beau →beaux, beaus 情郎, 纨绔子弟* beef →beefs 牛肉* bison →bison 野牛* brace →brace 支架, 背带, 花括号* sister-in-law →sisters-in-law 大小姨子, 大小姑子* buffalo →buffalos, buffaloes, buffalo水牛* bureau →bureaux, bureaus 局, 机构* bus →busses, buses 公共汽车C* cactus →cactuses, cacti 仙人球, 仙人掌* calf →calves 牛犊* cargo →cargos / cargoes (船/飞机的)货物* cervix →cervices, cervixes 宫颈* cherub →cherubim 小天使* chief →chiefs 首长, 首领* child →children 儿童, 小孩* Chinese →Chinese 中国* cliff →cliffs 悬崖, 峭壁* cod →cod * 鳕鱼* corps →corps 军队, 特种部队* corpus →corpora, corpuses资料,文集,文献* crisis →crises 危机, 危机时刻* criterion →criteria (批评/判断的)标准* curriculum →curricula, curriculums 总课程D * datum →data 数据* deer →deer 鹿* dice →dice 骰子* dwarf →dwarfs, dwarves小矮人* diagnosis →diagnoses 诊断法, 诊断结论E* echo →echoes 回声, 反响* elf →elves 小精灵* ellipsis →ellipses [语]省略* embargo →embargoes 禁运, 禁运令* emphasis →emphases 强调, 重点* erratum →errata 写错, 排错, 勘误F* fireman →firemen 消防员* fish →fish, fishes 鱼, 鱼类* focus →focuses 焦点* foot →feet 脚* formula →formulae, formulas公式, 方程式* forum →for a, forums 论坛* fungus →fungi, funguses真菌G* genus →genera (动植物的)属, 类* goose →geese 鹅* gallows →gallows 绞刑架* genius →genii, geniuses 天才* goosefoot →goosefoots 藜* grief →griefs 悲伤, 悲痛, 担心* gulf →gulfs 海湾第3 页共4 页* gymnasium →gymnasia 健身房, 体育馆H* half →halves 一半* halo →halos, haloes 光环* headquarters →headquarters 总部* hero →heroes 英雄* hippopotamus→hippopotami, hippopotamuses 河马* hoof →hoofs, hooves蹄* hypothesis →hypotheses 假说, 猜想I * index →indices, indexes 目录, 索引K* knife →knives 小刀L * larva →larvae (昆虫的)幼虫* leaf →leaves 树叶* libretto →libretti (歌剧等的)剧本* life →lives 生命* loaf →loaves 一块, 一条(面包等) * louse →lice 虱子* looker-on →lookers-on 围观者M* -man →-men 男人* man doctor →men doctors 男医生* manservant →menservants 男仆* man-time →men-times 人次* man-day →man-days 人日* matrix →matrices, matrixes 模型, 矩阵* means →means 方法, 手段, 途径* medium →media 媒质, 媒介* memorandum →memoranda, memorandums 备忘* millennium →millenniums, milennia* moose →moose 驼鹿* mosquito →mosquitoes, mosquitos蚊子* mouse →mice 老鼠N * nebula →nebulae, nebulas 星云* neurosis →neuroses 神经机能病/官能症* no →nos / noes 没有* nucleus →nuclei 核心, 原子核O * oasis →oases 绿洲, 乐土* octopus →octopi, octopuses 章鱼* offspring →offspring 子孙, 后裔, 幼崽* optimum →optima 有利条件* ovum →ova 卵子, 卵细胞* ox →oxen 牛, 阉牛P* paralysis →paralyses 麻痹, 瘫痪, 中风* parenthesis →parentheses 插入语, 圆括号* penny →pence 便士* perch →perch * 鲈鱼* person →people 人* phenomenon →phenomena 现象, 征兆R* radius →radii, radiuses半径S* scarf →scarfs, scarves 围巾, 披肩* schema →schemata 概要, 计划, 图表* seed →seed, seeds 种子* self →selves 自己* seraph →seraphim 六翼天使* series →series 系列* sheaf sheaves [量] 捆, 束, 扎* sheep →sheep 绵羊* shelf →shelves 架子, 搁板* shrimp →shrimp 虾, 小虾* scissors →scissors 剪刀* species →species 物种* stadium →stadia, stadiums 体育场* still life →still lifes 静物画* stimulus →stimuli 刺激物, 促进因素* stratum →strata, stratums 岩层, 地层, 阶层* Swiss →Swiss 瑞士人* syllabus →syllabi, syllabuses大纲, 提纲* symposium →symposia, symposiums座谈会* synthesis →syntheses 综合, 合成* synopsis →synopses 摘要, 大纲T* tableau →tableaux, tableaus 舞台造型, 场景* tempo →tempi 拍子, 节奏, 速度* terminus →termini 终点, 目标, 界碑* that →those 那个* thesis →theses 论文, 论题, 论点* thief →thieves 贼, 小偷* this →these 这个* tooth →teeth 牙齿* tornado tornados, tornadoes龙卷风* torpedo →torpedoes 鱼雷, 水雷* trout →trout * 鲑鱼* trousers →trousers 裤子V* vacuum →vacua, vacuums 真空, 空虚, 空白* vertebra →vertebrae, vertebras脊椎骨* veto →vetoes 否决, 否决权* virtuoso →virtuosi, virtuosos 艺术家* vita →vitae 个人简历, 生活* volcano →volcanos / volcanoes 火山* vortex →vortices, vortexes 漩涡第4 页共4 页。