哈工程《船舶工程专业英语》翻译 全

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哈工程《船舶工程专业英语》翻译(全)

哈工程《船舶工程专业英语》翻译(全)

注:红字部分表示翻译可能有问题,有些地方翻译有不足之处,请谢谢大家指出。

第一章船舶设计第一课介绍翻译人员:1.1 定义‘基本设计’是专业术语,它决定船舶主要性能,影响船舶造价和功能。

因此,基本设计包括选择船型尺寸,船体形状,动力设备(数量和类型),初步布置船体机械设备和主要结构。

合适的选择方案能保证达到目标要求,比如良好的耐波性和操纵性,预期航速,续航力,货舱舱容和总载重量。

而且,包括校核使之达到货物装卸能力要求,舱室要求,各项宾馆服务标准,分舱要求,干舷和吨位丈量标准,所有这些都是盈利运输船舶,工业或服务系统用船,所必须考虑的部分因素。

基本设计包括概念设计和初步设计,它决定了船舶主要性能,为价格初步估计做了准备。

在整个设计过程中,基本设计完成后,就要进行合同设计和详细设计。

正如合同设计这名暗示的那样,它为船厂投标和承接合同订单数准备合适的合同计划和规范。

完整的合同计划和规范内容很清晰且足够详细,以避免发生代价高昂的偶发性事件,保护投标方免受模糊不清的描述要求的影响。

详细设计是进一步完善合同方案,它是船厂的责任。

合同方案需要为实际船舶建造准备施工图。

为了能够进行基本设计,每个人都必须了解整个设计流程。

这中的四个步骤用 Ecans 的 1959 年的设计螺旋循环方式图说明了,设计螺旋循环方式是一种含盖从目标需求到详细设计的迭代过程,如图 1.1。

下面将进一步详述这些步骤: a.概念设计。

概念设计是最开始的工作,是讲目标需求转换成造船工程参数。

一般来说,它包含技术可行性研究,来决定目标船舶的基本参数。

例如船厂,船宽,船深,吃水,丰满度,动力能源设备,或一些代用特性,所有这些都是为了满足达到设计航速,航区,货舱舱容和总载重量的要求。

它包括空船重量的初步估计,一般通过特性曲线,公式,或经验确定。

在该阶段,备选设计一般由参数研究法来分析,以确定最经济的设计方案或任何其他必须考虑的决定性因素。

所选择的概念设计用作今后获得建造费用的讨论文件,建造费用决定是否进展下一阶段工作:初步设计。

(完整版)船舶专业英语(课文+翻译)

(完整版)船舶专业英语(课文+翻译)

(完整版)船舶专业英语(课文+翻译)Chapter 1 Ship Design(船舶设计)Lesson 2 Ships Categorized(船舶分类)2.1 Introduction(介绍)The forms a ship can take are innumerable. 一艘船能采用的外形是不可胜数的A vessel might appear to be a sleek seagoing hotel carrying passengers along to some exotic destination; a floating fortress bristling with missile launchers; 。

or an elongated box transporting tanks of crude oil and topped with complex pipe connections. 一艘船可以看做是将乘客一直运送到外国目的地的优美的远航宾馆。

竖立有导弹发射架的水面堡垒及甲板上铺盖有复杂管系的加长罐装原油运输轮None of these descriptions of external appearance, however, does justice to the ship system as a whole and integrated unit所有这些外部特点的描述都不能说明船舶系统是一个总的集合体self-sufficient,seaworthy, and adequately stable in its function as a secure habitat for crew and cargo. ——船员和货物的安全性功能:自给自足,适航,足够稳定。

This is the concept that the naval architect keeps in mind when designing the ship and that provides the basis for subsequent discussions, not only in this chapter but throughout the entire book.这是一个造船工程师设计船舶使必须记住的、能为以后讨论提供根据的观念,不仅涉及本章也贯穿全书。

(完整版)船舶专业英语(课文+翻译)

(完整版)船舶专业英语(课文+翻译)

Chapter 1 Ship Design(船舶设计)Lesson 2 Ships Categorized(船舶分类)2.1 Introduction(介绍)The forms a ship can take are innumerable. 一艘船能采用的外形是不可胜数的A vessel might appear to be a sleek seagoing hotel carrying passengers along to some exotic destination; a floating fortress bristling with missile launchers; 。

or an elongated box transporting tanks of crude oil and topped with complex pipe connections. 一艘船可以看做是将乘客一直运送到外国目的地的优美的远航宾馆。

竖立有导弹发射架的水面堡垒及甲板上铺盖有复杂管系的加长罐装原油运输轮None of these descriptions of external appearance, however, does justice to the ship system as a whole and integrated unit所有这些外部特点的描述都不能说明船舶系统是一个总的集合体self-sufficient,seaworthy, and adequately stable in its function as a secure habitat for crew and cargo. ——船员和货物的安全性功能:自给自足,适航,足够稳定。

This is the concept that the naval architect keeps in mind when designing the ship and that provides the basis for subsequent discussions, not only in this chapter but throughout the entire book.这是一个造船工程师设计船舶使必须记住的、能为以后讨论提供根据的观念,不仅涉及本章也贯穿全书。

船舶专业英语(课文+翻译)

船舶专业英语(课文+翻译)

Chapter 1 Ship Design(船舶设计)Lesson 2 Ships Categorized(船舶分类)Introduction(介绍)The forms a ship can take are innumerable. 一艘船能采用的外形是不可胜数的A vessel might appear to be a sleek seagoing hotel carrying passengers along to some exotic destination; a floating fortress bristling with missile launchers; 。

or an elongated box transporting tanks of crude oil and topped with complex pipe connections. 一艘船可以看做是将乘客一直运送到外国目的地的优美的远航宾馆。

竖立有导弹发射架的水面堡垒及甲板上铺盖有复杂管系的加长罐装原油运输轮None of these descriptions of external appearance, however, does justice to the ship system as a whole and integrated unit所有这些外部特点的描述都不能说明船舶系统是一个总的集合体—self-sufficient,seaworthy, and adequately stable in its function as a secure habitat for crew and cargo. ——船员和货物的安全性功能:自给自足,适航,足够稳定。

This is the concept that the naval architect keeps in mind when designing the ship and that provides the basis for subsequent discussions, not only in this chapter but throughout the entire book.这是一个造船工程师设计船舶使必须记住的、能为以后讨论提供根据的观念,不仅涉及本章也贯穿全书。

船舶工程专业英语

船舶工程专业英语

目录一、造船部分1、船体部分2、机舱部分3、电气部分4、船装部分二、造机部分三、修造部分一、造船部分1、HULL PART 船体部分1、1 结构Structure船厂dockyard/shipyard 船坞dock/boatyard船东ship-owner 船舷Ship's side船码头quay/dock 船的栏杆Ship's rail船舱hold 甲板Deck船籍Ship's registry 住舱甲板accommodation deck船首bow 梁拱甲板arch deck船梯ladder 载货甲板cargo deck船尾stern 首楼甲板Forecastle deck上甲板Upper deck下甲板Lower deck主甲板Main deck货舱甲板Hold deck桥楼甲板Bridge deck水密甲板Watertight deck驾驶甲板Navigation deck 铜-钢复合板Copper sheathing steel plate 艇甲板Boat deck 甲板边板Deck stringer plate罗经甲板Compass deck 斜板Sloping plate板Plate 加强板Reinforcement plate舭板Bilge plate 舵板Rudder plate船底板Bottom plate 舷侧外板Side plate船外板Shell plate 裙板Skirt plate船首外板Bow plate 首柱板Stem plate肘板Bracket plate 首柱板Stern plate舱壁板Bulkhead plate 平台platform槽形舱壁板Corrugated bulkhead plate 机舱平台Engine-room platform 舷墙板Bulwark plate 分段Block围板Coaming plate 首段Bow block连续板Connection plate 中段Midship block尾段Stern block 甲板下纵桁Underdeck girder左舷port 舭纵桁Wing girder右舷Starboard 支柱Pillar纵桁Girder 肋骨Frame型材桁Bar girder 基础台架Base frame中底桁Bottom center girder 支架Bear frame中内龙骨Bottom center line girder 舭肋骨Bilge frame底桁材Bottom girder 船底肋骨Bottom frame旁桁材Bottom side girder 首肋骨Bow frame甲板纵桁Deck girder 肘板框架肋骨Bracket frame横桁Cross girder 球鼻首肋骨Bulbous bow frame水平桁Horizontal girder 球曲型肋骨Bulbous frame舱口边梁Hatch coaming girder 主肋骨Chief frame机座纵桁Engine girder 首肋骨Fore frame桁架梁Girder frame 舭纵桁舭纵骨Bilge longitudinal舯部肋骨Middle frame 船底纵骨/纵桁bottom longitudinal尖舱肋骨Peak frame 船底腹板纵桁bottom web longitudinal加强筋Stiffened frame 甲板纵桁Deck longitudinal横框架肋骨Transverse frame 内底纵桁/纵骨Inner bottom longitudinal肋距 F.S.(frame space) 舷侧纵桁/纵骨Shell side longitudinal纵桁/纵骨/纵向构件longitudinal双层底顶纵骨Top longitudinal of double bottom斜舱壁纵骨Slopping-bulkhead longitudinal舱舷边舱Tank Wing tank结构structure 尾尖舱after peak tank附属结构Accessory structure 尾部水舱after water tank全焊结构All-welded structure 辅助水柜Auxiliary water tank中部结构Amidships structure 辅助压载水舱Auxiliary water ballast tank 泊位结构Berthing structure 污水舱Bilge tank底部龙骨结构Bottom keel structure 底舱Bottom tank船首部结构Bow structure 底边舱Bottom side tank支撑结构Braced structure 货油压载舱Cargo and ballast tank桥楼结构Bridge structure 循环水槽Circulating flow water tank首楼结构Forecastle structure 循环滑油舱压载水舱Circulating lubricating oil tank Ballast water tank构架结构Framed structure 清洁压载舱Clean ballast tank纵桁结构Girder structure 冷凝水柜Condensate catch tank人孔manhole 干舱Dry tank饮用水舱Drinking water tank 密封圈Sealing ring污水舱Bilge tank 铰链Hinge应急淡水柜Emergency fresh water tank 把手Handle首舱Fore tank 平衡块Balance block首尖舱Fore peak tank斜边舱Hopper side tank 1、2 welding 焊接液舱Liquid tank 坡口groove龙骨舱Keel tank 单面坡口Single groove右舷舱Starboard tank 双面坡口Double groove顶边水舱Topside tank Ⅰ形坡口Square groove顶边翼舱Topside wing tank V 型坡口Single v groove小舱口盖Small hatch cover U 型坡口Single u groove水密舱口盖Water-tight small hatch coverX 形坡口Single v groove风雨密舱口盖Weather-tight small hatch coverK 形坡口Single bevel grooveY 形坡口Single v groove with broad rood face填充金属Filler metal坡口面Groove face 热影响区Heat-affected zone(HAZ)坡口角度Groove angle 过热区Overheated zone焊缝倾角Weld slope 焊合线Bond line(fusion line)接头根部Root of joint 焊接区Weld zone根部间隙Root gap 焊缝区Weld metal area钝边Root face 焊缝weld焊接接头Welding joint 连续焊缝Continuous weld对接接头Butt joint 断续焊缝Intermittent weld角接接头Corner joint 纵向焊缝Longitudinal weldT 形接头T-joint 横向焊缝Transverse weld搭接接头Lap joint 对接焊缝隙Butt weld十字接头Cross shaped joint 角焊缝Filled weld母材Base metal(parent metal) 并列断续角焊缝Chain intermittent fillet交错断续角焊缝Staggered intermittent fillet弧焊整流器Arc welding rectifier焊缝正面Face of weld 自动焊Automatic welding焊缝背面Back of weld 埋弧自动焊Submerged arc welding焊缝宽度Weld width 半自动焊Semi- automatic welding焊缝长度Weld length 氩弧焊Argon-arc welding焊缝余高Reinforcement 二氧化碳气体保护焊CO2 gas shielded arc welding 焊脚Leg(of a fillet weld) 氧乙炔焊Oxy-acetylene welding焊脚长度Leg length 气割Gas cutting套管接头Muff joint 碳弧气刨Carbon arc air gouging手工电弧焊Manual arc welding(shielded metal arc welding)水下切割Underwater cutting直流电弧焊Direct current arc welding 等离子弧切割Plasma arc cutting 交流电弧焊alternating current arc welding连续焊Continuous welding弧焊变压器Arc welding transformer 断续焊Intermittent welding点焊Sport welding对接焊Butt welding 分段退焊Back step welding角焊Fillet welding 分段多层焊Block welding搭接焊Lap welding 深溶焊Deep penetrating welding返修焊Re-welding 跳焊Skip welding补焊Repair welding 陶质衬垫焊Ceramic backing welding定位焊Tack welding 引弧Striking the arc封底焊Back sealing welding 焊接工艺参数Welding condition打底焊Backing welding 焊接电流Welding current堆焊Surfacing(overlaying) 焊接电压Welding voltage塞焊Plug welding 焊接速度Welding speed槽焊Slot welding 电弧电压Arc voltage盖面焊Consmetic welding 焊丝间距Wire spacing前倾焊Forward welding 空载电压Open circuit voltage后倾焊Backward welding 熔化速度Melting rate送丝速度Wire feed rate 层间温度Inter-pass temperature气体流量Gas flow rate 焊后热处理Post-weld heat treatment焊丝伸出长度Wire extension 锤击Peening极性Polarity 全焊透Full penetration welding正极/阳极Positive electrode 熔池Weld-pool负极/阴极Navigate electrode 熔深Penetration左焊法Leftward welding 弧长Arc length右焊法Rightward welding 喷射过渡Spray transfer电流密度Current density 短路过渡Short circuiting transfer线能量Heat input 熔滴过渡Metal transfer预热Preheat 焊缝成形Appearance of weld后热Post-heat 焊缝成形系数Form factor of weld预热温度Preheat temperature 熔敷系数Deposition coeffcient后热温度Post-heat temperature 熔敷效率Deposition efficiency熔合比Penetration ratio 立焊Vertical position welding等速送丝Constant wire-feed system 仰焊Overhead position welding 变速送丝alternate wire-feed system 立向上焊Vertical up welding 电弧静特性Static characteristic of arc立向下焊Vertical down welding电弧动特性dynamic characteristic of arc单面焊Welding by one side焊接性试验Weldability test 双面焊Welding by both side焊接结构Welded construction 单道焊Single-pass welding焊道Bead 多道焊Multi-pass welding焊层Layer 多层焊Multi-layer welding正接(正极性)Straight polarity 焊接材料Consumables反接(反极性)Reversed polarity 焊条Electrode焊接位置Position of welding 焊条药皮Coating平焊Flat position welding 酸性焊条Acid electrode横焊Horizontal position welding 碱性焊条Basic electrode低氢型焊条Low hydrogen type electrode 焊丝盘Wire reel铁粉性焊条Iron power type electrode 铜冷却板Cu-cooling plate重力焊条Gravity electrode 铜滑块Copper shoe焊剂Flux 切割Cutting熔炼焊剂Fused flux 焊接工作台Welding bench烧结焊剂Sintered flux 焊接变位机Positioner焊丝Wire 送丝机构Wire feeder药芯焊剂Flux-cored wire 行走机构Traveler保护气体Shielded gas 焊接车间Welding shop焊剂垫Flux backing 引弧板Run-on tab(end tab)重力焊条Gravity electrode 引出板Run-off tab(end tab)焊剂漏斗Flux-hopper 定位板Strong-back流量计Flow meter 焊接衬垫Welding backing干燥箱Dryer 敲渣锤Chipping hammer面罩Helmet 条虫状气孔Wormhole焊工手套Welding glove 密集气孔Porosity焊钳Electrode holder 针尖状气孔Pinhole焊枪Welding gun 白点Fish eye (flake)导电嘴Tip 切口Kerf喷嘴Nozzle 咬边Undercut焊矩Torch 焊瘤overlap焊接缺陷Welding defect 凹坑Pit未焊透Incomplete penetration 烧穿Burn through未熔合Incomplete fusion 未满焊Incomplete filled groove渣Slag 清根Back chipping夹渣Slag (slag inclusion) 清渣Slag removal夹杂物Inclusion 焊接烟尘Weld fume气孔Blow hole 电光性眼炎Eye-flash焊接性Weldability 横裂纹Transverse crack碳当量Carbon equivalent 纵裂纹Longitudinal crack未焊满Incomplete filled groove 焊趾裂纹Toe crack焊接裂纹Weld crack 机械性能试验Mechanical property test 热裂纹Hot crack 试板Test piece冷裂纹Cold crack 试样Specimen氢致裂纹Hydrogen –induced crack 侧弯Side bend延迟裂纹Delayed crack 弯曲Bending层状撕裂Lemellar tearing 横向拉伸Transverse tensile弧坑裂纹Crater crack 宏观试样Macro-etching specimen根部裂纹Root crack 微观试样Micro-examination specimen再热裂纹Reheat crack 破断试验Fracture test热影响区裂纹Heat-effected zone crack 抗裂试验Cracking test晶间裂纹Intercystalline crack 脆性断裂Brittle fracture塑性断裂Plastic fracture 焊接方法Welding process焊接残余裂纹Welding residual stress 焊接工艺Welding technology消除应力Stress relieving 焊接操作Welding operation焊接变形Welding deformation 焊接顺序Welding sequence角变形Angular distortion 焊接方向Direction of welding外观检查Visual examination 常用缩语无损探伤Non-destruction testing(N.D.T.)气电立焊EGW超声波探伤Ultrasonic inspection 药芯电弧焊FCAW射线探伤(X 光)Radiographic inspection(X-rayinspection)实心电弧焊GMAW磁粉探险伤Magnetic particle inspection焊剂铜衬垫单面埋弧自动焊FCB渗透探伤Penetrate inspection 手工电弧焊SMAW熔池Weld-pool 埋弧自动焊SAW焊机(焊接电源)Weld source钨极惰性气体保护电弧焊TIG 机舱部分ENGINE ROOM PART熔化极惰性气体保护焊MIG 一、机舱设备Machines and equipment in engine room 活性气体保护焊MAG 1、主机Main engine手工电弧切割SMAC 1)主机油底壳The sump tank of M.E.2)主机飞轮Fly wheel of M.E3)活塞Piston2、发电机Generator engine1)应急发电机Emergency generator engine2)辅机Auxiliary3、锅炉Boiler1)组合锅炉The composite boiler2)锅炉安全阀The safety valve of boiler3)燃烧器Oil burner unit 3)主空气瓶Main air reservoir4)水位表Water level gauge 4)应急空气瓶Emergency air reservoir5)水位控制器Water level controller 5、控制空气瓶Control air reservoir 6)过量蒸气调节阀Excess steam pressure control valve6、空气干燥器Air dryer4、舵机7、分油机Oil purifier1)舵机间Steering room 1)燃油分油机Fuel oil purifier2)舵机装置Steering-gear 2)柴油分油机Diesel oil purifier3)手操舵装置Trick wheel plant 3)滑油分油机Lubricate oil purifier 4)油缸Oil cylinder 4)排渣Sludge discharge5)反馈装置Feedback device 8、制淡装置Fresh water generator6)舵Rudder9、焚烧炉Incinerator舵叶Rudder blade10、油水分离器Oil water separator舵杆Rudder stock11、生活污水处理器Sewage treat plant上舵承Rudder carrier12、大气冷凝器Atmosphere condenser热水井Cascade and inspection(hotwell)5)主机燃油供给泵Main engine fuel oil supply pump滑油自清滤器The automatic back-flashlubricating oil filter6)主机燃油增压泵Main engine fuel oil booster pump燃油单元Fuel oil unit 7)主机十字头泵Main engine cross head pump1)主机燃油单元Fuel oil unit of M.E 8)付机海水泵Generator engine sea water pump2)付机燃油单元Fuel oil unit of A.E 9)付机缸套水泵Generator engine cylinder cooling water pump 3)粘度计Viscosity controller 10)锅炉给水泵Feed water pump of boiler泵Pump 11)锅炉燃油泵Fuel oil pump of boiler1)主机滑油泵Main engine lubricating oil pump12)分油机供给泵Fuel oil supply pump of purifier2)主机缸套水泵Main engine cylinder cooling water pump13)制淡海水泵Sea water pump of fresh water generator3)主机缸套水预热泵Main engine cylinder cooling water preheating pump14)压载泵Ballast pump4)主机海水泵Main engine sea water pump 15)舱底消防泵Bilge and fire pump17)油渣泵Sludge oil pump 2、柴油澄清舱Diesel oil setting tank18)柴油输送泵Diesel oil transport pump 3、燃油日用柜Fuel oil daily tank19)燃油油输送泵Fuel oil transport pump 4、燃油澄清舱Fuel oil setting tank20)汽缸油输送泵Cylinder oil transport pump 5、滑油澄清舱Lubricating oil setting tank21)淡水输送泵Fresh water transport pump 6、滑油储藏舱Lubricating oil store tank22)热水循环泵Hot water circulating pump 7、滑油循环舱Lubricating oil circulating tank23)饮水日用泵Drinking water pump 8、燃油溢油舱Fuel oil overflow tank舱底消防总用泵Bilge, fire and G.S pump 9、燃油油渣舱Fuel oil sludge tank喷淋泵Sprinkling pump 10 燃油深舱Fuel oil deep tank停泊海水泵Harbor sea water pump 11 滑油污油舱Lubricating dirty oil tank12 滑油溢油舱Lubricating oil overflow tank二、各种舱(箱)柜All kinds of tank 13 滑油油渣打舱Lubricating oil sludge tank1、柴油日用柜Diesel oil daily tank 14 主机淡水膨胀水箱M.E fresh water expansion tank15 付机淡水膨胀水箱A.E fresh water expansion tank16、淡水压力柜Fresh water pressure tank 1、滑油系统Lubricating oil piping system17、热水压力柜Hot water pressure tank 2、燃油系统Fuel oil piping system18、饮水压力柜Drinking water pressure tank3、海水系统Sea water piping system19、淡水舱Fresh water tank 4、缸套水系统Cylinder cooling water piping system20、饮水舱Drinking water tank 5、启动空气系统Start air piping system21、锅炉水舱Boiler water tank 6、控制空气系统Control air piping system22、分油机工作水箱Purify operating water tank 7、排气系统Exhaust piping system23、汽缸油日用柜Cylinder oil daily tank 8、日用供水系统Daily water piping system24、尾管滑油重力柜Gravity tank of tube oil 9、蒸汽系统Steam piping system25、排气水封箱Exhaust seal water tank 10 、锅炉给水和凝水系统Feed water and condensate of boiler piping system26、蒸馏水水舱Distilling water tank 11、燃油净油系统Fuel oil purified piping system27、污水井Bilge well 12、燃油输送系统Fuel oil transport piping system三、各种管系系统All kinds of pipes舵销Rudder pintle 13、滑油净油系统Lubricating oil purified piping system舵杆衬套rudder stock liner 14、滑油输送系统Lubricating oil transport piping system舵杆轴套Sleeve for rudder stock 15、舱底压载系统Ballast and bilge water piping system 舵销承衬套Bush for rudder pintle 四、仪表类Instructions舵销轴套Sleeve for rudder pintle 1、压力表Pressure gauge上舵承底座Rudder carrier seat 2、真空表Vacuum gauge舵销承座Pintle bearing 3、温度计Thermometer舵杆承座Rudder stock bearing 4、吨位表DWT gauge挡圈Retaining ring 5、遥测表Distant survey gauge舵柄Tiller 6、液全器Level switch7)舵角The angle of rudder5、空压机Air compressor1)主空压机Emergency air compressor2)应急空压机7、传感器Sensor 12、机控室Engine control room五、其它Others 13、台虎钳Vise (=vice)1、风机Fan 14、表铜截止阀Bronze close valve2、防海生物装置Anti-foul STM plant 15、表铜截止止回阀Bronze check valve3、泡沫柜Air foam tank 16、铸铁截止阀Cast iron stop valve4、中间轴Middle shaft 17、铸铁截止止回阀Cast iron check and stop valve5、尾轴Propeller shaft 18、调节阀Adjustable valve6、螺旋桨Propeller 19、溢流阀、安全阀Relief valve7、中间轴承Line shaft bearing 20、减压阀Reducing valve8、泡沫灭火机Foam fire extinguisher 六、材料Material9、饮水消毒装置Sterilizer plant 1、管子Pipe10、主配电板Main switch board 2、无缝钢管Seamless steel pipe (tube)11、机舱集控台Engine room control console 3、紫铜管Purple copper pipe4、铁法兰Iron flange 18、支架(马脚)Clamp5、铜法兰Copper flange 19、油漆Paint6、盲板法兰Blind-flange 20、备件Spare parts7、螺丝(螺栓)Bolt8、双头螺丝Stud 七、生产工具Produce tool9、螺帽(螺母)Nut 1、图纸Drawing10、不锈钢螺丝Stainless steel bolt 2、活络钣Adjustable spanner11、垫片(床)Gasket 3、令司板(梅花钣)Ring spanner12、橡皮床Gum gasket 4、开口钣Open –ender spanner13、纸箔床Paper copper gasket 5、管子钳Pipe wrench14、紫铜床Purple copper gasket 6、凿子Chisel15、石墨床Black lead gasket 7、锒头Hammer16、青铅床Black lead gasket 8、锉刀File17、佛纳Feeler gauge 9、螺丝刀Screwdriver10、油漆滚筒Paint roller 4、首先请检查安装说明和电气绝缘11、油漆刷子Paint brush Please check the condition of installation and insulationfirst12、钢锯Hacksaw 5、我们准备将油水分离器动转13、套筒扳手Socket spanner Now we will run the oily-water separator14、手电筒Torch 6、请检查动转情况15、钻头driller Please check the running condition八、英语会话7、接着我们一个一个地做报警/安全保护装置的功能试验1、早上好good morning Now we will do the function test about alarm and safetydevice2、今天我们准备交验油水分离器8、设备交接基本结束Today we will test the oily-water separator. Now the test is over3、请跟我来9、请部有何修改意见?Please fellow me. Do you have any question ?10、非常感谢17、这里增加一只落水斗Thanks Add a drain plug here11、再见18、请用空气压缩空气吹干Good bye Please dry it by the compressed air12、请把这对法兰撬紧松开19、我将回车间支拿肥皂水Please tighten/release the flange I will com to my works hop to take some soap water13、这路管子是从发电机单元来的20、这个系统非常重要的,一定要认真检查The piping is from to the G/E unit This system is very important ,please check it carefully14、这对法兰/接头在漏21、请交验收整改意见This flange /connection is linking Please check your remarks15、这路系统的试验压力是7 公斤22、天太热了,请休息一会The test pressure of the piping system is 7 bar It’s too hot ,please take a rest16、这里请加强please make a clamp here 23、我负责这项工作I am in charge of this job电气部分ELECTRIC PART一、常用词汇Words and expression 模拟Analog(ue)2182 千赫值班接收机2182KHz watch receiver 锚灯Anchor lightA 异常Abnormal 风速风向仪Anemorumbometer应答Acknowledge 阳极Anode有功功率Active power 天线Antenna执行器Actuator 天线馈线连接器Antenna feeder connector调整Adjust 天线引入绝缘端子Antenna leading –in insulator空气断路器Air circuit breaker 天线共用器Antenna multicoupler 报警系统Alarm system 天线调谐器Antenna tuner交流电Alternating current 电焊机Arc welder电流表ammeter 声音的Audible放大器Amplifier 自动海图标绘仪Auto chart plotter自动舵Auto pilot自动的Automatic自动雷达标绘仪Automatic radar plotting aid球鼻首警告灯Bulbous bow warning light自动电话Automatic telephone 汇流排Bus(-)bar电压自动调节器Automatic voltage regulator 汇流排Bus –tie –in 自动化系统Automation system 蜂鸣器Buzzer压载控制台Ballast control console C、电缆Cable镇流器Ballast 电缆填料函Cable gland底座Base 敷设电缆Cable laying电池Battery 电缆管Cable pipe (conduit)铃Bell 电缆扎带Cable strap弯曲Bend 电缆托架Cable tray床头灯Berth light 校准器Calibrator失电Black out 电容capacitor刹车Brake 阴板Cathode电刷Brush 警告牌Caution plate顶灯Ceiling light 通讯Communication中央处理器Central processing unit 计算机Computer通道Channel 接头Connector充电器Charger 恒电流Constant current充放电板Charging&discharging board 消耗Consumption海图灯Chart table light 触头Contact检查Check 接触器Contactor芯片Chip 控制箱Control box清洁Clean 控制箱Controller雨雪清除器Clear view screen 芯线Core二氧化碳释放报警CO2 release alarm 角灯Corner light同轴电缆Coaxial cable 计算器Counter线圈Coil 电流Current冷库呼叫Cold store calling D、损坏Damage危险气体报警箱Dangerous gas detecting&alarm box双极单刀开关Double pole single way switch白昼信号灯Daylight signal light 双极双刀开关Double pole two way switch 去耦Decoupling set 天线收发转换开关Duplexer台灯Desk light 值班水手呼叫Duty sailor calling控测器Detector 接地Earth拨号Dial 接地排Earth bar数字选择呼叫收信机Digital select –call receiver测深仪Echo sounder调光器dimmer 电工试验板Electric test panel直流电Direct current 电机员Electrical engineer直接起动Direct –on –line starting 电极Electrode磁盘Disk 应急照明分电箱Emergence lighting distribution box显示Display 应急示位标Emergence position indicating radiobeacon遇险信息控制器Distress message controller 应急停Emergence stop 多普勒记程仪Doppler speed log应急配电板Emergency switch board 馈电品Feeder panel机舱报警Engine alarm 滤波器Filter集控台Engine control console 火警复显器Fire alarm repeater机舱监测报警Engine room monitoring&alarm system防火风闸控制单元Fire damper control unit轮机员呼叫Engineer calling panel 火警检测箱Fire detecting box轮机员安全Engineer safety system 火焰探头Flame detector增强群呼叫收讯机Enhance group call receiver 闪光灯Flash light 交换机Exchanger 浮充电Float charge防爆灯Explosion proof light 强光灯Flood light延伸报警板Extension alarm panel 流程图Flow chart故障Failure 流量开关Flow switch故障Fault 荧光灯Fluorescent light反馈Feed back 雾笛Fog horn频率Frequency熔丝Fuse 感温探头Heat detector填料Gasket 底座Holder通用报警General alarm 电笛、喇叭Horn发电机Generator 病房呼叫Hospital calling发电机屏Generator panel 照明Illumination(铜)锣、钟Gong 白炽灯Incandescent light全球卫星定位导航GPS navigator 指示器Indicator组合灯板Group alarm light pillar 卫星 B 站INMARSAT B station 组合起动屏Group starter panel 卫星 C 站INMARSAT C station 电罗经Gyro compass 输入输出Input /output卤素灯Halogen light 安装Install听筒Handset 仪表Instrument硬件Hardware 绝缘胶带Insulating tape航向Heading 绝缘Insulation接口、界面Interface 限位开关Limit switch连锁Interlock 连接Link中断Interrupt 负载Load逆变器Inverter 劳莱收信机Loran receiver接线盒Junction box 磁罗经Magnetic compass键盘Keyboard 主机电子调速器Main engine electronic governor灯泡Lamp 主机功率、纽力仪Main engine power& torque unit液位开关Level switch 主机遥控系统Main engine remote control system液位传感器Level transmitter 主机转速表Main engine revolution meter灯Light 主机安全系统Main engine safety system灯柱Light column 主机增压器转速表Main engine turbo-charger speed meter 照明分电箱Light distribution box 主配电板Main switchboard避雷针Lighting arrester 手动手册Manual标记Mark 移动Move桅杆Mast light 万用表Multimeter母子钟Master& slave clock 铭牌Name plate匹配箱Matching box 窄频直接打印机Narrow-band direct printer测量Measure 航行灯Navigation light兆欧表Megohmmeter 导航系统Navigation system仪表Meter 航行监控台Navigation watch console话筒Microphone 航行警告收信机NAVTEX receiver镜向灯Mirror light 负极Negative监视器Monitor 网络Network莫斯键Morse key 标称值Nominal value电动机Motor 常闭Normally closed塑壳断路器Moulded case circuitbreaker常开Normally open鼠标Mouse 失控灯Not under-command light欧姆表Ohm gauge 正极Positive欧姆收信机Omega receiver 功率、电源Power车钟记录仪Order printer 电力分电箱Power distribution box示波器Oscilloscope 功率因素Power factor过电流Over current 优先卸载Preferential trip过载Overload 压力开关Pressure switch巴拿马动河操舵灯Panama canal steering light 压力传感器Pressure switch 并联、并车Parallel 一次系统Primary system相Phase 打印机Printer光敏电阻Photo resister 程序Program测速传感器Pick up 螺旋桨警告灯Propeller warning light插头Plug 广播Public addressor左舷灯Port light 脉冲Pulse便携电话Portable telephone 按钮Push button雷达Radar 电阻Resistance雷达应答器Radar transponder 逆功率Reverse power收音机Radio 旋转灯Rotating light无线电测向仪Radio direction finder 舵角指示器Rudder angle indicator随机存取存储器Radio system 运转灯Running lamp额定Random access memory 屏幕、屏蔽Screen无功电流Rated power 螺丝刀Screwdriver插座Receptacle 搜索灯Search light录音机、记录仪Recorder 二次系统Secondary system整流器Rectifier 串联Series继电器Relay 屏蔽Shield复位Reset 船名灯Ship name light岸电箱Shore connection box短路Short circuit展示、给-----看Show 电磁阀Solenoid valve分励脱扣Shunt trip 消音Sound off停车Shut down 声力电话Sound power telephone签字Sign 空间加热器Space heater信号集合箱Signal acquisition unit 扳手Spanner信号灯Signal light 喇叭Speaker单边带收发机Single side band transceiver分配器Distributor电笛Siren 右舷灯Starboard light慢车Slow down 起动Start烟气探测报警箱Smoke detecting &alarm box 起动带Start 感烟探头Smoke detector 尾灯Stern light插座Socket 停止Stop软件Software 苏伊士运河尾灯Suez canal stern light电烙铁Soldering iron 支撑物supporter开关Switch 验电笔Test pen打开Switch on 试验程序Test procedure关闭Switch off 热敏电阻Thermistor同步屏Synchronizing panel 热电偶Thermocouple同步表Synchronoscope 温度计Thermometer转速表Tachometer 恒温计Thermostat录音机Tape recorder 触摸屏Touch panel车钟Telegraph 轨迹球Trackball电视Television 收发机Transceiver温度开关Temperature switch 传感器Transmitter温度传感器Temperature transmitter 变压器Transformer接线柱Terminal 脱扣Trip接线排Terminal board 欠电压Under voltage试验Test 不中断电源Uninterrupted power source卸载Unload 二、会话Dialog and conversation超高频VHF telephone 船东o- owner视觉的Visual 验船师s-survey电压Voltage 检验员q-quality inspector电压表Voltmeter 电工e-electrician壁灯Wall light 1、检验电缆敷设瓦特Watt Inspection cable laying波道Waveguide 你能带我去看机舱电缆敷设气象传真收信机Weather fax receiver Q: could you show me cable laying of engine room?驾控台Wheel speed &directionindicator好,走吧。

船舶专业英语课后翻译

船舶专业英语课后翻译

lesson3Marine Diesel船用柴油机intermal combustion engine内燃机combustion chambe r燃烧室principle of its operation工作原理cylinder气缸piston活塞fine spray of fuel细多状燃油crankshaft曲轴propeller推进器cycle循环four-stroke diesel engine四冲程柴油机suction进气compression压缩expansion膨胀exhaust排气t ow-stroke one二冲程柴油机bottom dead下止点exhaus排气residual exhaus gases残留废气top dead centre上止点fuel inject燃油喷射inlet ports进气口working stroke工作冲程reduction gerar box减速齿轮箱alternator交流发电机connecting rod连杆s cavenge por t扫气口lesson5Fixed parts固定件moving parts运动件crank case曲柄箱liner缸套和衬套cylinder cover气缸盖cylinder block气缸体crown活塞体piston rod活塞杆corss head十字头main bearin g主轴承axial thrust轴向推力end-chock bolts端塞螺栓driven shaft从动轴thrust block推力块scavenging air box扫气箱bedplate机座frame机架cooling jacket冷却水套exhaust valve排气阀fuel valve燃油阀starting valve气动阀satety valve安全阀indicator cock示功器旋塞piston skirt活塞裙piston ring活塞环gasket垫圈reciprocating movement往复运动l esson6fuel oil system燃油系统operation and maintenance运行和维护carbon residues残碳fuel oil’s viscosity燃油粘度heavy oil重油residual oil渣油settling tank沉淀柜fuel oil tank燃油柜service tank日用柜fine filter细滤器pressure regulating valve压力调节阀needle valve针阀low tanklevel低油位报警transfer pump输送泵three-way valve三通阀injector pump喷射泵filter过滤器lesson7lubricating oil film润滑油膜moving part运动件mverment condition运动条件oil cooled pistons油冷式活塞resist oxidation抗氧化total loss system总量损耗系统circulating system循环式系统gearing传动装置piston head活塞顶piston ring活塞环liner wall衬套壁reversal of direction of motion运动方向的改变mechanical quill机械注油器crank case曲轴箱bearing轴承piston rod活塞杆auxiliavy equipment辅助设备p ump泵centrifvge离心分离机lesson8fuel jetector valve燃油喷射阀staring air valve起动空气阀mechanical strength机械强度internal passages内部管道heat exchanger热交换器jacket water circulating pump气缸套冷却水循环泵turbo-blower涡轮增压器closed system闭式系统open sysem开式系统head tank压力水柜sea water airculating cooler海水循环式冷却器cavitation effect气蚀效应air bell气囊vent port放气口ventilation pipe透气管branch支路visual flow indicator可视式流量计nozzle carbon喷嘴积碳lubricating oil covler滑油冷却器blind-flange盲板法兰Lesson 9舱底水:bilge 压载水:ballast相互连接:interconnect涨水,进水:inflow在船上,到舷外:overboard水密舱室:watertight compartment 应急舱底水泵:emergency bilge suction 替换物,选择对象:alternative 饮水装置:priming device到某种程度:in some extemt 调节船舶吃水差:turn the vessel切换阀箱:change-over chestLesson 11容积式泵:displatement pump离心泵:centrifugal pump往复泵:reciprocating pump叶片泵:vane pump齿轮泵:gear pump旋转泵:rotary pump离心力:centrifugal fore轴向的:axial涡轮,涡轮机:turbine自吸式:self-priming 啮合齿轮:meshing gears蒸汽喷射器:steam ejector 舵机液压系统:steering gear hydraulic system 人字齿:double helical teech大气压:atmospheric pressure 立式泵:vertical pumpLesson 13甲板机械:deck machinery克令吊:crane 日常检验:rountine checking锚泊设备:anchor arrangement集装箱吊装设备厂:锚链管:chain pipe原动机:generator装卸能力:cargo handling productivity多旋转吊杆系统:multiwinch slewing derrick system 绞车卷筒:winch end 吊杆式起货装置:derrick cargo rig安全负载:safe working loadLesson31.The diesel engine is type of internal combustion engine which ignites the fuel by injecting it into hot ,high pressure air in a combustion chamber柴油机是一种内燃机,它是通过将燃油喷射到具有高温高压气体的燃烧室从而点燃燃油。

船舶工程专业英语

船舶工程专业英语Fundamentals and New Concepts for Shipbuilding Engineering本书内容包括船舶设计、原理、结构、生产建造、造船经济等方面,通过学习,可提高相关专业英语的阅读、理解及运用水平。

本书为哈工大出版发行。

具体目录:第一章船舶设计 Ship Design概述 Introduction船舶分类 Ships Categorized主尺度 Principal Dimensions基本几何概念 Basic Geometric Concepts船形及参数 Ship Form and Form Coefficients船级社 Classification Societies第二章船舶基本原理 Ship Rudiments稳性 Equilibrium and Stability阻力 Resistance推进 Propellers and Propulsion Systems运动与操纵性 Maneuverability ,Motions and Estimating Power Requirements.船模实验 Model Testing第三章船舶结构 Ship Structure结构性能与型线的关系 The function and Design of Ship Structural Components ;Relation of Structure to Molded Lines船舶强度 Ship Strength结构应力 Ship Structural Stresses and Strength Curves结构完整性 Structural Integrity第四章船舶生产建造 Ship Production造船过程 The Shipbuilding Process计划与进度制订 Planning and Scheduling船厂与设施 Shipyard Facilities船舶CAD与CAM Ship CAD/CAM成组加工法 Group Technology第五章造船经济 Shipbuilding Economy造船工业状况 Status of the Shipbuilding Industry成本估算和合同管理 Shipbuilding Costing and Contract Arrangements合同内容 General Aspects of ContractsChapter 1 Ship DesignLesson 1 Introduction1.1 DefinitionThe term basic design (基本设计) refers to determination of major ship(大型船舶)characteristics affecting cost and performance. Thus, basic design(基本设计) includes the selection of ship dimensions, hull form(船形,船体外形), power (amount and type), preliminary arrangement of hull and machinery, and major structure. Proper selections assure the attainment of the mission requirements such as good sea keeping performance(耐波性能), maneuverability(操纵性), the desire speed, endurance(续航力,全功率工作时间), cargo capacity, and deadweight(总载重量). Furthermore, it includes checks and modifications for achievement of required cargo handing capability, quarters, hotel services, subdivision(分舱) and stability(稳性) standards, freeboard(干舷) and tonnage(吨位) measurement; all while considering the ship as part of a profitable transportation, industrial(实船试验), or service system.o Basic design(基本设计)encompasses both concept design(概念设计) and preliminary design(初步设计). It results in the determination of major shop characteristics, permitting the preparation of initial cost estimates, In the overall design process, basic design(基本设计) if followed by contact design and detail design(详细设计). Contract design(合同设计), as its name implies, develops plans and specifications suitable for shipyard bidding and contract award. Well prepared contract plans and specifications will be clear and in sufficient detail to avoid costly contingency items and protect bidders (投标者)from obscure or inadequate description of requirements. Detail design(详细设计) is the shipyard's responsibility for further developing the contract plans as required to prepare shop drawings used for the actual constructions of the vessel.o An understanding of the entire design sequence is essential to anyone seeking to develop a basic design(基本设计). The four steps involved are illustrated in the Design spiral(设计螺旋循环方式),Evans(1959) as an iterative process(迭代过程) working from mission requirements to a detail design(详细设计), Fig.1.1. These steps are amplified further below:oa. Concept design (概念设计)The very first effort, concept design(概念设计), translates the mission requirements into naval architectural and engineering characteristics. Essentially, it embodies technical feasibility studies to determine such fundamental elements of the proposed ship as length, beam(船宽,梁), depth(船深), draft(吃水), fullness(丰满度), power, or alternative sets of characteristics, all of which meet the required speed, range, cargo cubic(货舱舱容,载货)ign solution or whatever other controlling parameters are considered determinant. The selected concept design(概念设计) then is used as a talking paper(讨论文件) for obtaining approximate construction costs, which often determine whether or not toinitiate the next level of development, the Preliminary design(初步设计).b. Preliminary design (初步设计)A ship' s preliminary design(初步设计) further refines the major ship(大型船舶) characteristics affecting cost and performance. Certain controlling factors such as length, beam(船宽,帆c. Contract design (合同设计)The contract design(合同设计) stage yields a set of plans and specificationswhich form an integral part of the shipbuilding contract document. It encompasses one or more loops around the design spiral(设计螺旋循环方式), thereby further refining the preliminary design(初步设计). This stage delineates more precisely such features as hull form(船形,船体外形) based on a faired set of lines(经过光顺处理的一套型线), powering based on model testing, sea keeping and maneuvering characteristics, the effect of number of propellers on hull form(船形,船体外形), structural details, use of different types of steel, spacing and type of frame(船肋骨,框架)s. Paramount, among the contract design(合同设计) features, is a weight and center of gravity estimate taking into account the location and weight of each major item in the ship. The final general arrangement is also developed during this stage. This fixes the overall volumes and areas of cargo, machinery, stores, fuel oil, fresh water(淡水), living and utility spaces(居住与公用舱室) and their interrelationship, as well as their relationship to other features such as cargo handling(货物装卸) equipment, and machinery components.The accompanying specifications delineate quality standards of hull and outfit(舾装) and the anticipated performance for each item of machinery and equipment. They describe the tests and trials (实船试验)that shall beperformed successfully in order that the vessel will be considered acceptable.Table 1.1 shows a typical list of plans developed in the contract design(合同设计) of a major ship(大型船舶). Smaller, less complex vessels may not require every plan listed for adequate definition, but the list does providean indication of the level of萏metal workers (金属工), machinery vendors (机械主机卖方), pipe fitters (管装工), etc. As such, they are not considered to be a part of the basic design(基本设计) process. One unique element to consider in this stage of the design is that up to this point, each phase of the design is passed from one engineering group to another.At this stage the interchange is from engineer to artisan(技工), that is, the engineer's product at this point is no longer to be interpreted, adjusted, or corrected by any other enginee carries preliminary design(初步设计) to the point where there is reasonable assurance that the major features have been determined with sufficient dependability to allow the orderly development of contact plans and specification. This development will form a basis to obtain shipyard prices within a predetermined price range that will result in an efficient ship with the requisite performance characteristics.1.2 General AspectsTHE late 1960's and 1970's saw a number of major new development which inone way or another had and impact on the general basic design(基本设计)problem. Among the most significant was the computer. While the computeraffects how basic design is preformed other changes have impacted on what constitutes the basic design problem. For example, one revolutionarydevelopment was the change from breakbulk (件杂货) to containerized cargos inthe liner traders (定期班轮营运业). Other developments in other ship typescreated similar new considerations. For tankers (油轮), size mushroomed; the increasing demand for petroleum and other raw materials by the ind has burgeoned from a small industry located mainly in the shallow areas of the Gulf of Mexico to a worldwide colossus moving into deeper water and more severe sea conditions. These developments have caused a revolution in the design of offshore drilling (离岸钻井) rigs/ships /units and the entire support fleet necessary for such a challenging undertaking. This includes crew boats, offshore supply boats, high powered towing vessels, pipe laying barges (海底铺管驳船)/ships and countless other specialized craft. Furthelel existing operations, this may be a sound approach. Consequently, in such situations, basic design(基本设计) may be limited to examination of minor modifications to dimensions powering, and arrangements.At the other extreme, totally new seagoing missions, such as the ocean transportation of liquefied natural gas (LNG), when first introduced, caused the designer to begin with a blank piece of paper and proceed through rational design engineering with crude assumptions subject to frequent and painstaking revision and development.Table 1.1-Typical Plans Developed During Contract Design StageOutboard profile, General arrangementInboard profile, General arrangementGeneral arrangement of all decks and holdsArrangement of crew quartersArrangement of commissary spacesLinesMidship sectionSteel Scantling PlanArrangement of Machinery-Plan viewsArrangement of Machinery-ElevationsArrangement of Machinery-SectionsArrangement of Main shaftingPower and lighting system-One line diagramFire control diagram by decks and profileVentilation and air conditioning diagramDiagrammatic arrangements of all piping systemsHeat balance and steam flow diagram-Normal power at normal operating conditions Electric Load AnalysisCapacity planCurves of formFloodable length curvesPreliminary trim and stability bookletPreliminary damage stability calculations本课程补充专业词汇:outboard profile 侧视图inboard profile 纵剖面图general arrangement 总部置hold 船舱crew quarters 船员居住舱commissary spaces 补给库舱lines 型线plan views 设计图midship section 中横剖面elevations 高度,高程,船型线图的侧面图,立视图。

【设计】船舶专业英语课文翻译

【关键字】设计Chapter 1 Ship Design(船舶设计)Lesson 2 Ships Categorized(船舶分类)2.1 Introduction(介绍)The forms a ship can take are innumerable. 一艘船能采用的外形是不可胜数的A vessel might appear to be a sleek seagoing hotel carrying passengers along to some exotic destination; a floating fortress bristling with missile launchers; 。

or an elongated box transporting tanks of crude oil and topped with complex pipe connections. 一艘船可以看做是将乘客一直运送到外国目的地的优美的远航宾馆。

竖立有导弹发射架的水面堡垒及甲板上铺盖有复杂管系的加长罐装原油运输轮None of these descriptions of external appearance, however, does justice to the ship system as a whole and integrated unit所有这些外部特点的描述都不能说明船舶系统是一个总的集合体self-sufficient,seaworthy, and adequately stable in its function as a secure habitat for crew and cargo. ——船员和货物的安全性功能:自给自足,适航,足够稳定。

This is the concept that the naval architect keeps in mind when designing the ship and that provides the basis for subsequent discussions, not only in this chapter but throughout the entire book.这是一个造船工程师设计船舶使必须记住的、能为以后讨论提供根据的观念,不仅涉及本章也贯穿全书。

船舶工程专业英语词汇

船舶专业英语词汇(按照字母顺序排列)(一)a faired set of line 经过光顺处理的一套型线a pair of stereo photographs 一对立体投影相片abaft 朝向船体abandonment cost 船舶废置成本费用accommodation 居住(舱室)accommodation ladder 舷梯adjust valve 调节阀adjustable-pitch 可调螺距式admiralty 海军部,海事法,制海权,海军上将advance coefficient 进速系数,前进系数aerostatic 空气静力学的aft peak bulkhead 艉尖舱壁aft peak tank 艉尖舱aileron 副鳍air cushion vehicle 气垫船air diffuser 空气扩散器air intake 进气口aircraft carrier 航空母舰air-driven water pump 气动水泵airfoil 气翼,翼剖面,机面,方向舵alignment chock 组装校准用垫楔aluminum alloy structure 铝合金结构American Bureau of Shipping 美国船级社amidships 舯amphibious 两栖的anchor arm 锚臂anchor chain 锚链anchor crown 锚冠anchor fluke 锚爪anchor mouth 锚唇anchor recess 锚穴anchor shackle 锚卸扣anchor stock 锚杆angle bar 角钢angle of attack 攻角angle plate 角钢angled deck 斜角甲板anticipated loads encountered at sea 在波浪中遭遇到的预期载荷anti-pitching fins 减纵摇鳍antiroll fins 减摇鳍anti-rolling tank 减摇水舱appendage 附体artisan 技工assembly line 装配流水线at-sea replenishment 海上补给augment of resistance 阻力增额auxiliary systems 辅机系统auxiliary tank 调节水舱axial advance 轴向进速backing structure 垫衬结构back-up member 焊接垫板balance weight 平衡锤ball bearing 滚珠轴承ball valve 球阀ballast tank 压载水舱bar 型材bar keel 棒龙骨,方龙骨,矩形龙骨barge 驳船baseline 基线basic design 基本设计batten 压条,板条beam 船宽,梁beam bracket 横梁肘板beam knee 横梁肘板bed-plate girder 基座纵桁bending-moment curves 弯矩曲线Benoulli’s law 伯努利定律berth term 停泊期bevel 折角bidder 投标人bilge 舭,舱底bilge bracket 舭肘板bilge radius 舭半径bilge sounding pipe 舭部边舱水深探管bitt 单柱系缆桩blade root 叶跟blade section 叶元剖面blast 喷丸block coefficient 方形系数blue peter 出航旗boarding deck 登艇甲板boat davit 吊艇架boat fall 吊艇索boat guy 稳艇索bobstay 首斜尾拉索body plan 横剖面图bolt 螺栓,上螺栓固定Bonjean curve 邦戎曲线boom 吊杆boss 螺旋桨轴榖bottom side girder 旁底桁bottom side tank 底边舱bottom transverse 底列板boundary layer 边界层bow line 前体纵剖线bow wave 艏波bowsprit 艏斜桅bow-thruster 艏侧推器box girder 箱桁bracket floor 框架肋板brake 制动装置brake band 制动带brake crank arm 制动曲柄brake drum 刹车卷筒brake hydraulic cylinder 制动液压缸brake hydraulic pipe 刹车液压管breadth extreme 最大宽,计算宽度breadth moulded 型宽breakbulk 件杂货breasthook 艏肘板bridge 桥楼,驾驶台bridge console stand 驾驶室集中操作台BSRA 英国船舶研究协会buckle 屈曲buffer spring 缓冲弹簧built-up plate section 组合型材bulb plate 球头扁钢bulbous bow 球状船艏,球鼻首bulk carrier 散货船bulk oil carrier 散装油轮bulkhead 舱壁bulwark 舷墙bulwark plate 舷墙板bulwark stay 舷墙支撑buoy tender 航标船buoyant 浮力的buoyant box 浮箱Bureau Veritas 法国船级社butt weld 对缝焊接butterfly screw cap 蝶形螺帽buttock 后体纵剖线by convention 按照惯例,按约定船舶专业英语词汇(按照字母顺序排列)(二)cable ship 布缆船cable winch 钢索绞车CAD(computer-aided design) 计算机辅助设计CAE(computer-aided manufacturing) 计算机辅助制造CAM(computer-aided engineering) 计算机辅助工程camber 梁拱cant beam 斜横梁cant frame 斜肋骨cantilever beam 悬臂梁capacity plan 舱容图CAPP(computer –aided process planning) 计算机辅助施工计划制定capsize 倾覆capsizing moment 倾覆力臂captain 船长captured-air-bubble vehicle 束缚气泡减阻船cargo cubic 货舱舱容,载货容积cargo handling 货物装卸carriage 拖车,拖架cast steel stem post 铸钢艏柱catamaran 高速双体船catamaran 双体的cavitation 空泡cavitation number 空泡数cavitation tunnel 空泡水筒center keelson 中内龙骨centerline bulkhead 中纵舱壁centroid 型心,重心,质心,矩心chain cable stopper 制链器chart 海图charterer 租船人chief engineer 轮机长chine 舭,舷,脊chock 导览钳CIM(computer integrated manufacturing) 计算机集成组合制造circulation theory 环流理论classification society 船级社cleat 系缆扣clipper bow 飞剪型船首clutch 离合器coastal cargo 沿海客货轮cofferdam 防撞舱壁combined cast and rolled stem 混合型艏柱commercial ship 营利用船commissary spaces 补给库舱室,粮食库common carrier 通用运输船commuter 交通船compartment 舱室compass 罗经concept design 概念设计connecting tank 连接水柜constant-pitch propeller 定螺距螺旋桨constraint condition 约束条件container 集装箱containerized 集装箱化contract design 合同设计contra-rotating propellers 对转桨controllable-pitch 可控螺距式corrosion 锈蚀,腐蚀couple 力矩,力偶crane 克令吊,起重机crank 曲柄crest (of wave) 波峰crew quarters 船员居住舱criterion 判据,准则Critical Path Method 关键路径法cross-channel automobile ferries 横越海峡车客渡轮cross-sectional area 横剖面面积c row’s nest 桅杆瞭望台cruiser stern 巡洋舰尾crussing range 航程cup and ball joint 球窝关节curvature 曲率curves of form 各船形曲线cushion of air 气垫damage stability 破损稳性damper 缓冲器damping 阻尼davit arm 吊臂deadweight 总载重量de-ballast 卸除压载deck line at side 甲板边线deck longitudinal 甲板纵骨deck stringer 甲板边板deck transverse 强横梁deckhouse 舱面室,甲板室deep v hull 深v型船体delivery 交船depth 船深derrick 起重机,吊杆design margin 设计余量design spiral 设计螺旋循环方式destroyer 驱逐舰detachable shackle 散合式连接卸扣detail design 详细设计diagonal stiffener 斜置加强筋diagram 图,原理图,设计图diesel engine 柴油机dimensionless ratio 无量纲比值displacement 排水量displacement type vessel 排水型船distributed load 分布载荷division 站,划分,分隔do work 做功dock 泊靠double hook 山字钩double iteration procedure 双重迭代法double roller chock 双滚轮式导览钳double-acting steam cylinder 双向作用的蒸汽气缸down halyard 降帆索draft 吃水drag 阻力,拖拽力drainage 排水draught 吃水,草图,设计图,牵引力dredge 挖泥船drift 漂移,偏航drilling rig 钻架drillship 钻井船drive shaft 驱动器轴driving gear box 传动齿轮箱driving shaft system 传动轴系dry dock 干船坞ducted propeller 导管螺旋桨dynamic supported craft 动力支撑型船舶dynamometer 测力计,功率计船舶专业英语词汇(按照字母顺序排列)(三)e.h.p 有效马力eccentric wheel 偏心轮echo-sounder 回声探深仪eddy 漩涡eddy-making resistance 漩涡阻力efficiency 供给能力,供给量electrohydraulic 电动液压的electroplater 电镀工elevations 高度,高程,船型线图的侧面图,立视图,纵剖线图,海拔empirical formula 经验公式enclosed fabrication shop 封闭式装配车间enclosed lifeboat 封闭式救生艇end open link 末端链环end shackle 末端卸扣endurance 续航力endurance 续航力,全功率工作时间engine room frame 机舱肋骨engine room hatch end beam 机舱口端梁ensign staff 船尾旗杆entrance 进流段erection 装配,安装exhaust valve 排气阀expanded bracket 延伸肘板expansion joint 伸缩接头extrapolate 外插fair 光顺faised floor 升高肋板fan 鼓风机fatigue 疲劳feasibility study 可行性研究feathering blade 顺流变距桨叶fender 护舷ferry 渡轮,渡运航线fillet weld connection 贴角焊连接fin angle feedback set 鳍角反馈装置fine fast ship 纤细高速船fine form 瘦长船型finite element 有限元fire tube boiler 水火管锅炉fixed-pitch 固定螺距式flange 突边,法兰盘flanking rudders 侧翼舵flap-type rudder 襟翼舵flare 外飘,外张flat of keel 平板龙骨fleets of vessels 船队flexural 挠曲的floating crane 起重船floodable length curve 可进长度曲线flow of materials 物流flow pattern 流型,流线谱flush deck vessel 平甲板型船flying bridge 游艇驾驶台flying jib 艏三角帆folding batch cover 折叠式舱口盖folding retractable fin stabilizer 折叠收放式减摇鳍following edge 随边following ship 后续船foot brake 脚踏刹车fore peak 艏尖舱forged steel stem 锻钢艏柱forging 锻件,锻造forward draft mark 船首水尺forward/afer perpendicular 艏艉柱forward/after shoulder 前/后肩foundry casting 翻砂铸造frame 船肋骨,框架,桁架freeboard 干舷freeboard deck 干舷甲板freight rate 运费率fresh water loadline 淡水载重线frictional resistance 摩擦阻力Froude number 傅汝德数fuel/water supply vessel 油水供给船full form丰满船型full scale 全尺度fullness 丰满度funnel 烟囱furnishings 内装修gaff 纵帆斜桁gaff foresail 前桅主帆gangway 舷梯gantt chart 甘特图gasketed openings 装以密封垫的开口general arrangement 总布置general cargo ship 杂货船generatrix 母线geometrically similar form 外形相似船型girder 桁梁,桁架girder of foundation 基座纵桁governmental authorities 政府当局,管理机构gradient 梯度graving dock 槽式船坞Green Book 绿皮书,19世纪英国另一船级社的船名录,现合并与劳埃德船级社,用于登录快速远洋船gross ton 长吨(1.016公吨)group technology 成祖建造技术GT 成组建造技术guided-missile cruiser 导弹巡洋舰gunwale 船舷上缘gunwale angle 舷边角钢gunwale rounded thick strake 舷边圆弧厚板guyline 定位索gypsy 链轮gyro-pilot steering indicator 自动操舵操纵台gyroscope 回转仪船舶专业英语词汇(按照字母顺序排列)(四)half breadth plan 半宽图half depth girder 半深纵骨half rounded flat plate 半圆扁钢hard chine 尖舭hatch beam sockets 舱口梁座hatch coaming 舱口围板hatch cover 舱口盖hatch cover 舱口盖板hatch cover rack 舱口盖板隔架hatch side cantilever 舱口悬臂梁hawse pipe 锚链桶hawsehole 锚链孔heave 垂荡heel 横倾heel piece 艉柱根helicoidal 螺旋面的,螺旋状的hinge 铰链hinged stern door 艉部吊门HMS 英国皇家海军舰艇hog 中拱hold 船舱homogeneous cylinder 均质柱状体hopper barge 倾卸驳horizontal stiffener 水平扶强材hub 桨毂,轴毂,套筒hull form 船型,船体外形hull girder stress 船体桁应力HVAC(heating ventilating and cooling) 取暖,通风与冷却hydraulic mechanism 液压机构hydrodynamic 水动力学的hydrofoil 水翼hydrostatic 水静力的IAGG(interactive computer graphics) 交互式计算机图像技术icebreaker 破冰船icebreaker 破冰船IMCO(Intergovernmental Maritime Consultativ e Organization) 国际海事质询组织immerse 浸水,浸没impact load 冲击载荷imperial unit 英制单位in strake 内列板inboard profile 纵剖面图incremental plasticity 增量塑性independent tank 独立舱柜initial stability at small angle of inclination 小倾角初稳性inland waterways vessel 内河船inner bottom 内底in-plane load 面内载荷intact stability 完整稳性intercostals 肋间的,加强的International Association of Classification Soci ety (IACS) 国际船级社联合会International Towing T ank Conference (ITTC) 国际船模试验水池会议intersection 交点,交叉,横断(切)inventory control 存货管理iterative process 迭代过程jack 船首旗jack 千斤顶joinery 细木工keel 龙骨keel laying 开始船舶建造kenter shackle 双半式连接链环Kristen-Boeing propeller 正摆线推进器landing craft 登陆艇launch 发射,下水launch 汽艇launching equipmeng (向水中)投放设备LCC 大型原油轮leading edge 导缘,导边ledge 副梁材length overall 总长leveler 调平器,矫平机life saving appliance 救生设备lifebuoy 救生圈lifejacket 救生衣lift fan 升力风扇lift offsets 量取型值light load draft 空载吃水lightening hole 减轻孔light-ship 空船limbers board 舭部污水道顶板liner trade 定期班轮营运业lines 型线lines plan 型线图Linnean hierarchical taxonomy 林式等级式分类学liquefied gas carrier 液化气运输船liquefied natural gas carrier 液化天然气船liquefied petroleum gas carrier 液化石油气船liquid bulk cargo carrier 液体散货船liquid chemical tanker 液体化学品船list 倾斜living and utility spaces 居住与公用舱室Lloyd’s Register of shipping 劳埃德船级社Lloyd’s Rules 劳埃德规范Load Line Convention 载重线公约load line regulations 载重线公约,规范load waterplane 载重水线面loft floor 放样台longitudinal (transverse) 纵(横)稳心高longitudinal bending 纵总弯曲longitudinal prismatic coefficient 纵向菱形系数longitudinal strength 纵总强度longitudinally framed system 纵骨架式结构luffing winch 变幅绞车machinery vendor 机械(主机)卖方magnet gantry 磁力式龙门吊maiden voyage 处女航main impeller 主推叶轮main shafting 主轴系major ship 大型船舶maneuverability 操纵性manhole 人孔margin plate 边板maritime 海事的,海运的,靠海的mark disk of speed adjusting 速度调整标度盘mast 桅杆mast clutch 桅座matrix 矩阵merchant ship 商船Merchant Shipbuilding Return 商船建造统计表metacenter 稳心metacentric height 稳心高metal plate path 金属板电镀槽metal worker 金属工metric unit 公制单位middle line plane 中线面midship section 舯横剖面midship section coefficient 中横剖面系数ML 物资清单,物料表model tank 船模试验水池monitoring desk of main engine operation 主机操作监视台monitoring screen of screw working condition 螺旋桨运转监视屏more shape to the shell 船壳板的形状复杂mould loft 放样间multihull vessel 多体船multi-purpose carrier 多用途船multi-ship program 多种船型建造规划mushroom ventilator 蘑菇形通风桶mutually exclusive attribute 相互排它性的属性船舶专业英语词汇(按照字母顺序排列)(五)N/C 数值控制nautical mile 海里naval architecture 造船学navigation area 航区navigation deck 航海甲板near-universal gear 准万向舵机,准万向齿轮net-load curve 静载荷曲线neutral axis 中性轴,中和轴neutral equilibrium 中性平衡non-retractable fin stabilizer 不可收放式减摇鳍normal 法向的,正交的normal operating condition 常规运作状况nose cone 螺旋桨整流帽notch 开槽,开凹口oar 橹,桨oblique bitts 斜式双柱系缆桩ocean going ship 远洋船off-center loading 偏离中心的装载offsets 型值offshore drilling 离岸钻井offshore structure 离岸工程结构物oil filler 加油点oil skimmer 浮油回收船oil-rig 钻油架on-deck girder 甲板上桁架open water 敞水optimality criterion 最优性准则ore carrier 矿砂船orthogonal 矩形的orthogonal 正交的out strake 外列板outboard motor 舷外机outboard profile 侧视图outer jib 外首帆outfit 舾装outfitter 舾装工outrigger 舷外吊杆叉头overall stability 总体稳性overhang 外悬paddle 桨paddle-wheel-propelled 明轮推进的Panama Canal 巴拿马运河panting arrangement 强胸结构,抗拍击结构panting beam 强胸横梁panting stringer 抗拍击纵材parallel middle body 平行中体partial bulkhead 局部舱壁payload 有效载荷perpendicular 柱,垂直的,正交的photogrammetry 投影照相测量法pile driving barge 打桩船pillar 支柱pin jig 限位胎架pintle 销,枢轴pipe fitter 管装工pipe laying barge 铺管驳船piston 活塞pitch 螺距pitch 纵摇plan views 设计图planning hull 滑行船体Plimsoll line 普林索尔载重线polar-exploration craft 极地考察船poop 尾楼port 左舷port call 沿途到港停靠positive righting moment 正扶正力矩power and lighting system 动力与照明系统precept 技术规则preliminary design 初步设计pressure coaming 阻力式舱口防水挡板principal dimensions 主尺度Program Evaluation and Review Technique 规划评估与复核法progressive flooding 累进进水project 探照灯propeller shaft bracket 尾轴架propeller type log 螺旋桨推进器测程仪PVC foamed plastic PVC泡沫塑料quadrant 舵柄quality assurance 质量保证quarter 居住区quarter pillar 舱内侧梁柱quartering sea 尾斜浪quasi-steady wave 准定长波quay 码头,停泊所quotation 报价单船舶专业英语词汇(按照字母顺序排列)(六)racking 倾斜,变形,船体扭转变形radiography X射线探伤rake 倾斜raked bow 前倾式船首raster 光栅refrigerated cargo ship 冷藏货物运输船Register (船舶)登录簿,船名录Registo Italiano Navade 意大利船级社regulating knob of fuel pressure 燃油压力调节钮reserve buoyancy 储备浮力residuary resistance 剩余阻力resultant 合力reverse frame 内底横骨Reynolds number 雷诺数right-handed propeller 右旋进桨righting arm 扶正力臂,恢复力臂rigid side walls 刚性侧壁rise of floor 底升riverine warfare vessel 内河舰艇rivet 铆接,铆钉roll 横摇roll-on/roll-off (Ro/Ro) 滚装rotary screw propeller 回转式螺旋推进器rounded gunwale 修圆的舷边rounded sheer strake 圆弧舷板rubber tile 橡皮瓦rudder 舵rudder bearing 舵承rudder blade 舵叶rudder control rod 操舵杆rudder gudgeon 舵钮rudder pintle 舵销rudder post 舵柱rudder spindle 舵轴rudder stock 舵杆rudder trunk 舵杆围井run 去流段sag 中垂salvage lifting vessel 救捞船scale 缩尺,尺度schedule coordination 生产规程协调schedule reviews 施工生产进度审核screen bulkhead 轻型舱壁Sea keeping performance 耐波性能sea spectra 海浪谱sea state 海况seakeeping 适航性seasickness 晕船seaworthness 适航性seaworthness 适航性section moulus 剖面模数sectiongs 剖面,横剖面self-induced 自身诱导的self-propulsion 自航semi-balanced rudder 半平衡舵semi-submersible drilling rig 半潜式钻井架shaft bossing 轴榖shaft bracket 轴支架shear 剪切,剪力shear buckling 剪切性屈曲shear curve 剪力曲线sheer 舷弧sheer aft 艉舷弧sheer drawing 剖面图sheer forward 艏舷弧sheer plane 纵剖面sheer profile 总剖线sheer profile 纵剖图shell plating 船壳板ship fitter 船舶装配工ship hydrodynamics 船舶水动力学shipway 船台shipyard 船厂shrouded screw 有套罩螺旋桨,导管螺旋桨side frame 舷边肋骨side keelson 旁内龙骨side plate 舷侧外板side stringer 甲板边板single-cylinder engine 单缸引擎sinkage 升沉six degrees of freedom 六自由度skin friction 表面摩擦力skirt (气垫船)围裙slamming 砰击sleeve 套管,套筒,套环slewing hydraulic motor 回转液压马达slice 一部分,薄片sloping shipway 有坡度船台sloping top plate of bottom side tank 底边舱斜顶板slopint bottom plate of topside tank 定边舱斜底板soft chine 圆舭sonar 声纳spade rudder 悬挂舵spectacle frame 眼睛型骨架speed-to-length ratio 速长比sponson deck 舷伸甲板springing 颤振stability 稳性stable equilibrium 稳定平衡starboard 右舷static equilibrium 静平衡steamer 汽轮船steering gear 操纵装置,舵机stem 船艏stem contour 艏柱型线stern 船艉stern barrel 尾拖网滚筒stern counter 尾突体stern ramp 尾滑道,尾跳板stern transom plate 尾封板stern wave 艉波stiffen 加劲,加强stiffener 扶强材,加劲杆straddle 跨立,外包式叶片strain 应变strake 船体列板streamline 流线streamlined casing 流线型套管strength curves 强度曲线strength deck 强力甲板stress concentration 应力集中structural instability 结构不稳定性strut 支柱,支撑构型subassembly 分部装配subdivision 分舱submerged nozzle 浸没式喷口submersible 潜期suction back of a blade 桨叶片抽吸叶背Suez Canal tonnage 苏伊士运河吨位限制summer load water line 夏季载重水线superintendent 监督管理人,总段长,车间主任superstructure 上层建筑Supervision of the Society’s surveyor 船级社验船师的监造书supper cavitating propeller 超空泡螺旋桨surface nozzle 水面式喷口surface piercing 穿透水面的surface preparation and coating 表面加工处理与喷涂surge 纵荡surmount 顶上覆盖,越过swage plate 压筋板swash bulkhead 止荡舱壁SWATH (Small Waterplane Area Twin Hull) 小水线面双体船sway 横荡船舶专业英语词汇(按照字母顺序排列)(七)tail-stabilizer anchor 尾翼式锚talking paper 讨论文件tangential 切向的,正切的tangential viscous force 切向粘性力tanker 油船tee T型构件,三通管tender 交通小艇tensile stress 拉(张)应力thermal effect 热效应throttle valve 节流阀throughput 物料流量thrust 推力thruster 推力器,助推器timber carrier 木材运输船tip of a blade 桨叶叶梢tip vortex 梢涡toed towards amidships 趾部朝向船舯tonnage 吨位torpedo 鱼雷torque 扭矩torque 扭矩trailing edge 随边transom stern 方尾transverse bulkhead plating 横隔舱壁板transverse section 横剖面transverse stability 横稳性trawling 拖网trial 实船试验trim 纵倾trim by the stern/bow 艉艏倾trimaran 三体的tripping bracket 防倾肘板trough 波谷tugboat 拖船tumble home (船侧)内倾tunnel wall effect 水桶壁面效应turnable blade 可转动式桨叶turnable shrouded screw 转动导管螺旋桨tweendeck cargo space 甲板间舱tweendedk frame 甲板间肋骨two nodded frequency 双节点频率ULCC 超级大型原油轮ultrasonic 超声波的underwriter (海运)保险商unsymmetrical 非对称的upright position 正浮位置vapor pocket 气化阱ventilation and air conditioning diagram 通风与空调铺设设计图Venturi section 文丘里试验段vertical prismatic coefficient 横剖面系数vertical-axis(cycloidal)propeller 直叶(摆线)推进器vessel component vender 造船部件销售商viscosity 粘性VLCC 巨型原油轮Voith-Schneider propeller 外摆线直翼式推进器v-section v型剖面wake current 伴流,尾流water jet 喷水(推进)管water plane 水线面watertight integrity 水密完整性wave pattern 波形wave suppressor 消波器,消波板wave-making resistance 兴波阻力weather deck 露天甲板web 腹板web beam 强横梁web frame 腹肋板weler 焊工wetted surface 湿表面积winch 绞车windlass 起锚机wing shaft 侧轴wing-keel 翅龙骨(游艇)working allowance 有效使用修正量worm gear 蜗轮,蜗杆yacht 快艇yard issue 船厂开工任务发布书yards 帆桁yaw 首摇。

哈工程轮机英语lesson14

Harbin Engineering University
If adjustment is always to increase fuel, it might not be possible to stop the engine.
Harbin Engineering University
It will be noticed that for the
mechanism provided.
Harbin Engineering University
The peak pressure indicator may be used to measure compression pressure. This is done by the engine on no load and cutting off the fuel to the cylinder which is being indicated.
Before fitting the indicator the valve should be opened to blow out carbon and then closed before the indicator is screwed into position.
Harbin Engineering University
Harbin Engineering University
The first run should be limited to a low speed and low load, preferably no load.
Harbin Engineering University
The run should continue for only three to five minutes after
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第一章船舶设计第一课介绍翻译人员:1.1 定义‘基本设计’是专业术语,它决定船舶主要性能,影响船舶造价和功能。

因此,基本设计包括选择船型尺寸,船体形状,动力设备(数量和类型),初步布置船体机械设备和主要结构。

合适的选择方案能保证达到目标要求,比如良好的耐波性和操纵性,预期航速,续航力,货舱舱容和总载重量。

而且,包括校核使之达到货物装卸能力要求,舱室要求,各项宾馆服务标准,分舱要求,干舷和吨位丈量标准,所有这些都是盈利运输船舶,工业或服务系统用船,所必须考虑的部分因素。

基本设计包括概念设计和初步设计,它决定了船舶主要性能,为价格初步估计做了准备。

在整个设计过程中,基本设计完成后,就要进行合同设计和详细设计。

正如合同设计这名暗示的那样,它为船厂投标和承接合同订单数准备合适的合同计划和规范。

完整的合同计划和规范内容很清晰且足够详细,以避免发生代价高昂的偶发性事件,保护投标方免受模糊不清的描述要求的影响。

详细设计是进一步完善合同方案,它是船厂的责任。

合同方案需要为实际船舶建造准备施工图。

为了能够进行基本设计,每个人都必须了解整个设计流程。

这中的四个步骤用 Ecans 的 1959 年的设计螺旋循环方式图说明了,设计螺旋循环方式是一种含盖从目标需求到详细设计的迭代过程,如图 1.1。

下面将进一步详述这些步骤: a.概念设计。

概念设计是最开始的工作,是讲目标需求转换成造船工程参数。

一般来说,它包含技术可行性研究,来决定目标船舶的基本参数。

例如船厂,船宽,船深,吃水,丰满度,动力能源设备,或一些代用特性,所有这些都是为了满足达到设计航速,航区,货舱舱容和总载重量的要求。

它包括空船重量的初步估计,一般通过特性曲线,公式,或经验确定。

在该阶段,备选设计一般由参数研究法来分析,以确定最经济的设计方案或任何其他必须考虑的决定性因素。

所选择的概念设计用作今后获得建造费用的讨论文件,建造费用决定是否进展下一阶段工作:初步设计。

b.初步设计.船舶初步设计进一步完善了影响船舶造价和性能的主要参数。

这一阶段工作结束时,那些已确定的控制要素没有发生预期变化,例如船长,船宽,额定功率,和总载重量。

该阶段的完成为目标船舶提供了精确的界定,这将满足目标需求;这为合同计划和规范的进一步展开提供了根据。

c.合同设计.合同设计阶段产生了一套图纸和规范,这是船厂合同文件的一个不可或缺的部分。

它包围着设计螺旋循环方式的一个或多个回路,进一步完善了初步设计。

这一阶段更加精确地描述了船舶的一些特征,例如,基于一组光滑型线绘制而成的船型,基于模型测试得到的动力,操纵性和耐波性参数 FF0C 螺旋桨数对船型的影响,结构构造,不同型号钢的使用,结构间距和类型。

考虑到船里面各种大型设备结构的位置和重量不同,合同设计特点中至关重要的就是估计船舶重量和重心。

这一阶段也确定了最终总布置。

这就固定了总体积和货物区,机械设备区,贮存区,燃油舱,淡水舱,居住和功用空间,及它们之间相互关联区,也包括与他们有关联的其它部分,比如货物装卸装备,机械零部件。

相关规范描述了船体及舾装质量标准,没想机械设备的预期性能。

也描述了测试和试验,测试和试验应该顺利进行,以便该船能被完整交付。

表 1.1 展示了大型船舶合同设计中制定出的一系列典型的计划。

小型简单船可能不需要精确定义中所列出的所有计划,但是那个目录的确表明了合同设计中应考虑的细节层次。

d.详细设计.船舶设计的最终阶段是生产详细的施工图。

这些图纸为船舶装配工,焊接工,舾装工,金属工,机械卖主,管装工等提供安装建造说明。

正因如此,就没有将它们当做基本设计过程的一部分了。

这一设计阶段考虑了一个特别的要素,那就是至今为止设计的每一个阶段都是从一个工程组传至另一个工程组。

这一阶段,交替工作指的是从工程师到技术工人,也就是说,此时工程师的产物不再被其他工程师解释,调整,修改。

这个工程产物毫无保留解释最终预期结果,并且能够被进行生产操作。

简言之,本章将基本设计视为全船设计流程的一部分。

该流程从概念设计开始,进行初步设计直到得到合理保证,即能足够可靠地确定主要特征参数以便能够让合同图纸和规范有序的进行。

这个过程将为获得在预先裁定的价格范围内的船厂报价形成基础,该价格范围将影响高效船的必要性能参数。

1.2 一般方面十九世纪六十年代末至七十年代见证了很大的发展,总的来看影响了基本设计问题。

其中最明显的就是计算机的问世。

计算机影响着基本设计的运作,其他变化影响了构成基本设计的问题。

例如,其中一个革命性的变化就是定期班轮航运业中散装货物向集装箱化货物转变。

其他类型船舶也考虑发生类似新变化。

对于油轮,大小急速增加;工业化国家对石油和其他原材料的需求急剧增加,这就需要更大的油轮和散货船以可接受的消耗来满足经济发展的需求。

人类正逐渐转向海洋来寻求所有的主要能源;近海石油天然气钻探已从主要坐落于墨西哥湾的浅海区的小型工业迅速发展到世界范围内严峻的深海海况下的巨型工业(Durfee er al,1976)。

这些变化已经引起了近海钻架/钻井船/钻井设备的革新,以及承担这项挑战性事业的整个配套船队的改良。

这包括交通船,近海补给船,高动力拖船,铺管驳船/船,等其他专业工艺。

以后的变化不可预知,然而其他的矿石将从海洋中勘探出来,因而需要为未知任务设计的新的船队,这是值得肯定的。

因此,基本船舶设计的难度就背离程度而言偏离了以前的做法。

一些船舶运营公司紧系于过去成功的设计,不允许船舶替换发展中任何偏离这些基线的情况发生。

如果预期的效果与现存的运作效果相同,那么可能就是一个好方法。

结果,在这样的情况下,基本设计可能就局限于检查船舶尺度,动力和布置的细小变更。

例如,另一种特殊的全新远洋任务,液化天然气(LNG)远洋运输,当它首次被提出时,使得设计师开始时无从着手,并通过反复辛苦的修改和完善得出的粗略猜想结合合理的工程设计来继续。

表 1.1——合同设计中制作的典型计划侧视图,总布置纵剖面图,总布置全部甲板和舱室的总布置船员居住舱布置补给舱布置型线舯横剖面钢材尺寸图机械装置布置——平面图机械装置布置——侧视图机械装置布置——横剖面图主轴系的布置动力照明系统——直线设计图甲板剖面消防设计图通风与空调敷设设计图所有管系布置简图热平衡和汽流设计图——常规动力正常运行状态下电力载荷分析舱容图各船型曲线可浸长度曲线初倾和稳定性手册破损稳定性初步计算课外阅读课外阅读 1总则反过来用现实角度进行总的比较和编目分类是必要的。

根据支承力和使命的共同标准来划分类型是非常好的做法,但是最终应该回答长期内相对重要的问题。

这些分类的每一种类中有多少船能够达到经济支援和环境容量的要求?有多少船能够完全进行过试验?他们的未来怎样?在这些问题适用于解决船舶设计师遇到的难题地方,下面章节中已经做出努力,来为精确计算提供背景。

当这本书中的技术介绍完全被理解后,就能更加详细地讨论这些比较因子。

但是,必须强调,本书中的大部分内容将是讨论排水型船的物理性质,这仅是由于几乎世界海洋中所有的船都是或将是这种类型船。

他们为世界贸易运输原材料,将一个国家的军事力量运载至全球大部分地区。

如果没有它们,那么这个工业化文明世界将迅速崩溃。

近年来船舶外部形态特点已经进行了显著地发展。

倾斜流线型烟囱及横向成对的瘦小柴油机烟囱已经取代了老式烟囱。

上层建筑变得整洁易脆。

油轮和散货船体积变得巨大。

快速货船和海军舰艇的型线和耀斑已得到优化。

水线以下,完善的水动力知识引起球鼻艏延伸,改善了舵外形。

现代技术极大地改善了船体内部,包括由先进的金属和材料引起的强度和性能方面肉眼看不出来的变化。

课外阅读 2系统方法然而,新船结构方面最大的变化不是非常明显。

这是因为设计师,策划人,操作员认识到,船是一个非常复杂、完整的综合系统。

不使用系统工程方法使得船舶设计建造变的越来越困难。

本世纪技术快速革新,工程专业的专门化越来越严重。

这就使得需要寻找方法来处理由大量专业化部件组成的复杂集合体问题。

如果能够使得性能最佳化,那么就必须井井有条的地设计像三叉戟核潜艇及核动力航母那样的复杂集合体。

这种整体的方法被称为系统工程。

当今所有海军舰艇和大部分商船的设计都是用系统工程,船舶设计专业的学生应该在早期的工程教育中熟悉它。

我们可以将这种方法定义为一个实现重要目标,分配资源,和组织信息的过程,这样能够通过计划来准确协调、确定问题的每一个重要方面。

系统工程为‚需要什么‛和‚技术上能干什么‛搭接了桥梁。

船舶系统——不管是大型海洋运输船,战斗舰艇还是小船,系统工程都为一体化的子系统提供了能够实现船舶基本使命的功能单元。

这就意味着船舶控制必须通过内外传输系统来运行,机械和控制装置受控制系统控制,回应信号将显示在中心控制站的仪表上。

战斗舰艇的武器系统的运行必须依次同时执行,并回应所有安全防护系统。

系统工程包括所有的自动控制系统,也包括大量维持日常生活和应对突发情况功能的工程和电力子系统。

上世纪更成功的力学推进中,船舶已经发生了初步变化;船舶不在仅仅是一个大型漂浮容器,而且还有相对独立动力站、独立货舱舱容和居住舱室、能和主机舱建立简略力学和声学信号联系的独立驾驶室。

总之,一百年前的船也是一个系统,但是它的设计缺少现代成功船舶的那种系统化整体的方法。

第二课船舶分类翻译人员:2.1 介绍一艘船能采用的外形是不可胜数的。

一艘船可以看做是将乘客一直运送到外国目的地的优美的远航宾馆。

竖立有导弹发射架的水面堡垒及甲板上铺盖有复杂管系的加长罐装原油运输轮。

所有这些外部特点的描述都不能说明船舶系统是一个总的集合体——船员和货物的安全性功能:自给自足,适航,足够稳定。

这是一个造船工程师设计船舶使必须记住的、能为以后讨论提供根据的观念,不仅涉及本章也贯穿全书。

将船舶分成一些特定的种类来讨论造船工程是有好处的。

本文的目的就是根据船舶物理支撑方式和设计目的来将它们分类。

2.2 根据物理支撑方式来分类船舶按物理支撑的分类方式假设,船舶是在设计工况的条件下航行。

船舶预定在海面上,海面中或海面以下航行,因此使用空气与水的接触面作为基准面。

由于上面提到的三个区域中物理环境的本质相差很大,所以那些区域中的船的物理特性也不同。

空气静力支撑有两种靠自身诱导的气垫浮于海面上的船。

这些重量相对轻的船能够高速航行,这是因为空气阻力比水阻力小得多,而且船舶高速航行时,弹性密封圈没有与小波浪接触,因而降低了了波浪冲击的影响。

这种船依靠升力风扇在船体水下部分产生了低压气垫。

这种空气气垫必须足够支撑水面上方船的重量。

第一种船有完全围绕在气垫周围并且能够使船完全漂浮在水面以上的弹性‚围裙‛。

它被称为气垫船(ACV),某种有限的程度上适用于两栖。

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