2018-2019学年浙江省金华市义乌市八年级下学期期末语文试卷和解析答案
《钢铁是怎样炼成的》
保尔在全身瘫痪，双目失明后，选择从低谷中走出来，开始了文学创作。
________
《平凡的世界》
孙少安找到弟弟孙少平希望两人一同经营砖厂。但孙少平却拒绝了。
________
文学作品阅读。
父母的心
[日本]川端康成
当轮船驶出濑户内海，航行于广阔的海面的时候，在甲板上的人群中，有一位风度极佳、引人注目、年纪四十岁左右的贵妇人。女佣和打杂儿的片刻不离左右。与此成对照的是，有一位四十岁上下的男人，他衣衫褴褛，那副寒酸相在人群中也十分显眼。他带着三个孩子，最大男孩有七八岁。孩子们长相都很聪明可爱，但是身上的衣服却相当破旧。
“当然行!”财主夫人高高兴兴地同意了。
可是，当天傍晚，孩子母亲又带着三岁的女儿来了，她很不好意思地说：“简直没法跟您说，今天早晨给你送来的二儿子，从眉眼长相到说话的嗓门，都和我那去世的婆婆一模一样。我就实话跟您说吧，我这心里呀，就像把婆婆扔了一样不好受，再说也对不起我们当家的。况且，他已经五岁了，我觉得他一定会永远地记着我们，想到这儿觉得他可怜得不得了。能不能答应我们这个女孩子把他换下来？”
请你为还未读过《傅雷家书》的学弟、学妹介绍一种合适的阅读方法。
许多文学作品都涉及“选择”这一主题。选择是关系的割断又是情感的重识，选择是终结又是开启，选择是……请任选以下两部名著中的一部，结合“选择”事件谈谈你的发现。
主题
名著
“选择”事件
发现
《水浒传》
林冲面对高衙内调戏自己娘子选择忍气吞声。
《水浒传》中林冲得知娘子被人调戏，匆匆赶来“恰待下拳打时”“却认得是本管高衙内”林冲就“自先软了”。当鲁智深要帮忙教训高衙内时，林冲一句“不怕官只怕管”硬是拦下了鲁智深。林冲因惧怕权威，怕丢了官职，在面对自己娘子被高衙内调戏时选择了忍气吞声，可是这一忍却将他推向了更黑暗的深渊，命运就此转折。所以，林冲的这次选择是他性格懦弱的体现，也是他命运转折的开始。
财主夫人听了这番话，不由得也跟着悲伤起来，她含着眼泪说：“是我不对，老实说，我虽然没有孩子，但你们当爹妈的心我完全理解，而且也羡慕你们。孩子还给你们，钱呢，就算做你们教给我懂得父母之心的酬谢吧。”
那一家六口终于又团聚了。
（1）通读故事，完成下图。
（2）品读下面语句，回答括号中的问题。
“这可得谢谢啦……”那位父亲嘴上虽然这么说，但脸上的表情却十分犹豫。
非文学作品阅读。完成下列问题。
数字阅读的美好时代
戴上增强现实眼镜看一本有关兵马俑的图书，兵马俑就以立体的方式呈现在眼前；给手机加上一个反光镜，再打开绘本时，手机会自动为孩子朗读绘本内容……许多看似科幻小说中的情节如今已成现实。12日至14日在杭州举办的第五届中国数字阅读大会上，5G、人工智能（AI）、增强现实（AR）、虚拟现实（VR）、云计算、区块链等新技术精彩纷呈，让人们对数字阅读的未来更加期待。
结果自然是按口头约定，对方付了一百元钱。该是父母和儿子分手的时候了，这对父母眼含热泪，难割难舍地走出了舱房。
但是到了第二天早晨，船在绕着房总半岛转的时候，不知什么缘故，那位父亲牵着五岁的二儿子的手，无精打采地走进那位财主夫人的舱房。他说：“昨晚上仔细地想了又想，大儿子嘛，不论怎么穷吧，也是我们家的接班人哪。况且，把老大给别人按次序也不对，如果可能，我们想用老二换下老大。”
中国音像与数字出版协会第一副理事长张毅君认为，深度数字化将大幅提升读者的阅读体验，阅读不仅仅局限在书本、手机、电脑等现有终端，未来各种终端阅读设备之间能无缝切换，智能手机、车联网、可穿戴设备、智能家居……都将成为阅读的载体，读者可以随时随地随身随心获得专业优质的阅读内容。
②_______
长期以来，我国数字阅读一直受困于技术领先而内容不足，读者抱怨优质内容少。这种情况正在发生变化。据《2018年度中国数字阅读白皮书》显示，近70%的数字阅读用户认为2018年的数字阅读内容质量有所提升。数字阅读产品数量大幅提升，仅网络文学总品种就超过1600万部，数字内容创作者的总人数从2015年的480万人增长到2018年的862万人。
3.下列关于名著知识及文学文化常识的表述，不正确的一项是（）
A.《诗经》是我国最早的一部诗歌总集，收集了从西周至春秋时期的诗歌305篇，这些诗歌分为风、雅、颂三个部分。其中“风”是各地的歌谣，又叫“国风”。
B.《朝花夕拾》原名《旧事重提》，是现代文学家鲁迅的散文集，多侧面地反映了作者鲁迅青少年时期的生活。《社戏》一文选自这部文集。
我国在5G领域的技术研发和网络部署全球领先，5G商用进程也在加速。中国移动旗下的咪咕公司总经理刘昕认为，随着5G技术的落地、虚拟技术的提升以及人工智能的发展，打造“沉浸式互动体验”将是数字阅读行业未来的发展趋势。他说，如今数字传播技术带来的数字阅读、有声阅读、可视化阅读已超越传统阅读体验，图文、音频、视频及AR/VR技术的加入使阅读变得生动立体，未来的数字阅读将变成融合各种感官体验的沉浸式阅读。而且，在5G高速度、低延时、大容量的带动下，“万物皆可为媒介”，数字阅读的空间和场景会得到极大拓展，“未来随时随地都可以阅读。”
那位_____的夫人很早就注意到了这位贫穷的父亲和他的孩子们。她唤过一名女佣，低声吩咐了一番后，女佣便来到那位父亲的跟前说：“孩子这么多，真有福气啊!”
“谢谢。他们下边还有一个吃奶的孩子呢。像我们这样的穷人，因为有孩子日子就更苦。说起来怪难为情的，我们已经没有能力抚养这四个孩子了。话虽这么说，但是决不会把他们扔了。为了孩子们，我一家六口正要去北海道找活儿干呢。”
财主夫人一听是女孩，有些不高兴，但是看见那位妈妈失魂落魄的样子，除了答应也没别的办法了。
事情到这儿还没完，第二天上午，船快要到北海道了，这回是两口子一齐来到财主夫人的舱房。他们一见财主夫人什么也说不出来，竟然痛哭失声。
“怎么啦？”财主夫人赶忙问道。
“实在是太难为情了。”两口子只说了这么一句就又哭了。问了几次，那男的才哭着说：“本来是不应该这么随便说话的。昨晚上我们两口子本来是商量好，说得一妥百妥，决不留恋孩子啦，可是，正因为她太小，所以总担心她是不是会这样那样啦，结果是我们两口子一夜没睡。把那么个无知的孩子给人家，连我自己都觉得这当爹的太冷酷无情。您给的钱我们如数奉还，请把女儿还给我们吧。与其舍掉一个孩子，还不如爹妈儿女一起六口饿死在一起好。”
﹣﹣节选自2019年4月16日《人民日报》
（1）通读全文，在①②处补上合适的标题。
①________
②________
（2）下列选项中，最符合作者本意的一项（）
A.据《2018年度中国数字阅读白皮书》显示，超过一半的数字阅读用户认为2018年的数字阅读内容质量有所提升。
B.诺基亚公司展示的5G视频融合技术，可以使用户在观看电视剧时直接进入剧中。
亚马逊中国副总裁刘书说，电子书的普及极大促进了中国出版行业的数字化进程。目前亚马逊中国上的图书50%实现了纸电同步出版。亚马逊中国拥有超过70万种图书，“这些都是出版社的正版优质图书，读者的选择余地大大增加了。”
数字阅读内容的丰富和质量的提升，也刺激了读者的付费意愿上升。据统计，有68.7%的电子书用户愿意付费区间在20元以上。“但实际上，读者只要买到了一本满意的电子书，他的实际付费就会明显高于20元的付费意愿，人均实际付费在33元到41元之间。”张毅君说。
（1）选择加点字“结”的正确读音_______
A．jiē B．jié
（2）根据拼音写出相应的汉字。
花ruǐ________
（3）根据语境给出①②两处选择最恰当的字（）
A.鹰绵
B.莺棉
C.莺绵
D.鹰棉
2.古诗文名句默写。
与古诗文邂逅是一场美丽的遇见。
“曲径通幽处，（1）________”让我们遇见禅院深处的静谧祥和；“芳草鲜美，（2）________。”让我们遇见桃花林的优美风光；“蒹葭萋萋，（3）________”让我们遇见芦苇与思念的美好相依。
“我倒有件事和你商量，我家主人是北海道函馆的大富翁，年过四十，可是没有孩子。夫人让我跟你商量，是否能从你的孩子当中领养一个做她家的后嗣？如果行，会给你们一笔钱作酬谢。”
“这可得谢谢啦……”那位父亲嘴上虽然这么说，但脸上的表情却十分犹豫。最后，他告诉女佣，这事得和孩子的妈妈商量之后才能决定。
那天傍晚，当轮船航行在相模滩的海面上的时候，那男人和他的妻子一起，带着他们的长子来到那位妇人的舱房。他们说：“那就请您把这个小家伙收下吧!”
这场遇见，我们还触摸了诗人的情怀：李白《送友人》中“挥手自兹去，（4）________”，我们领会到诗人与朋友的难舍难分。《马说》中“（5）________，骈死于槽枥之间”，我们感受到韩愈对“千里马”悲惨遭遇的痛惜；白居易的《卖炭翁》中“（6）________，________”句，我们体会到卖炭翁矛盾心理以及诗人对劳动人民的深切同情，苏轼的《卜算子•黄州定慧院寓居作》中“（7）________，________”我们体悟到诗人不愿随波逐流的高洁志趣。
影响力向基层民众和海外读者延伸
我国数字阅读不但在国内收获海量用户，也赢得了越来越多国际读者的关注。据统计，目前有超500部中国网络文学作品被翻译到海外，海外中国网络文学网站日活跃人数达50万人，相关网站的日均访问量达500万次。2015年，中国实体书在美国亚马逊网站上只有5000种，2018年已经增加到9万种。刘书说，亚马逊中国与美国出版社合作出版了22部中国作品的英文版，路遥的《人生》、紫金陈的《无证之罪》、贾平凹的《秦腔》等受到美国读者的喜爱。
近年来，我国知识付费发展迅猛，2018年，知识付费用户群体达3亿人。其中音频课程尤其受读者欢迎。据中国新闻出版研究院去年4月发布的调查数据显示，2017年我国有两成以上国民有听书习惯。成年国民的听书率为22.8%，较2016年提高了5.8个百分点；未成年人听书率也达到了22.7%．听书成为各种阅读方式中增长最快的方式之一。
5G时代，数字阅读会出现哪些变化？
浙江省金华市义乌市2023-2024学年九年级上学期期末考试英语试题(含解析)
浙江省金华市义乌市2023-2024学年九年级上学期期末考试英语试题学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________一、完形填空阅读下面短文，在各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中选出一个最佳选项。
My love of building things began when I was a kid. It wasn’t until I 1 about Thomas Edison, though, that I really became excited about inventing.When I was in fourth grade, our teacher gave us a 2 . We had to write to a company and learn about the products it made. Each student would then give a report in front of the class. I 3 the Thomas A．Edison Company.Soon after I wrote to the company, our postman, 4 a package to me. It contained a book about the life of Thomas Edison. How I 5 reading and rereading about his inventions! The ones that 6 me most were movies, recorded sound, and the electric light. Edison became my hero.My dad noticed my interest in inventing and 7 me. He showed me how to turn my ideas into plans and, finally, into new things.Together, my dad and I repaired radios and televisions. Once, I made a 8 to adjust (调整) the brakes (刹车片) of our car. This surprised my dad so much. Later, we found a similar tool in a store. That’s when I learnt that 9 inventors often invent similar things. It is not 10 for this to happen. I also learnt that not all great ideas work.11 is a common part of the inventing 12 .As my father and I worked together, I began to 13 that my dad was quite an inventor himself. His guiding hands, together with my 14 in inventing, led me to become an engineer and inventor. But I am 15 to Thomas Edison, too, for first lighting that bulb (电灯泡) inside me.1．A．cared B．worried C．heard D．learnt 2．A．project B．lesson C．surprise D．present 3．A．joined B．owned C．started D．chose 4．A．opened B．offered C．sent D．lent 5．A．enjoyed B．minded C．avoided D．hated 6．A．alarmed B．interested C．controlled D．scared7．A．rewarded B．doubted C．comforted D．encouraged 8．A．tool B．idea C．mistake D．trick 9．A．young B．different C．famous D．real 10．A．common B．right C．imperfect D．unusual 11．A．Imagination B．Failure C．Happiness D．Creativity 12．A．situation B．movement C．process D．exam 13．A．hope B．remember C．realize D．consider 14．A．honor B．difficulty C．experience D．interest 15．A．thankful B．polite C．true D．useful二、阅读理解WHAT’S ON THIS WEEKEND?Films at the Museum Two European films will be on this Saturday afternoon at the Museum Theatre. See Broken Window at 1:30. The workers will be at 3:45. For further information, call 498-7898.Captain Good Fellow Do your children enjoy interesting stories, funny games, and exciting dances? Captain Good Fellow will be ready to teach all these things to children of all ages at the City Square on Saturday morning at 10:00. Free.International Picnic Are you tired of eating the same food every day? Come to Central Park on Saturday and enjoy food from all over the world. Delicious and not expensive. Noon to 5:00 p. m.Do You Want to Hear “The Zoo”“The Zoo”, a popular rock group from Australia, will give their first US concert at 8:00 p. m. at Rose Hall, City College, Sunday.16．We can get more information about the films at the Museum Theatre by ________.A．writing a letter B．sending an emailC．making a telephone call D．looking through the website17．We can ________ at Rose Hall, City College at 8:00 p. m., Sunday.A．see a film B．listen to a speechC．watch an animal show D．enjoy rock music18．The passage is probably from ________.A．a grammar book B．a novelC．a storybook D．a newspaperI’m good at my schoolwork, but for some reason, I have a very bad habit of losing things.Last summer, I was on vacation with my family at the beach. On the first day, my father gave me a watch. “You need to have a watch, so take good care of it,” he said.The next day, I went swimming. The sun was shining on the water. The water was warm and beautiful. I really enjoyed being in the water.When I returned to beach, I was quite tired so I lay down. At that moment, I wanted to see what time it was. But the watch was gone! I looked for it all afternoon, but I could not find it.That night at dinner, my sister asked, “What time is it?”“Ask Tom,” my mother said. “He has a new watch.”Dad looked at me and said, “Don’t tell me that you’ve lost the watch already!”“No!” I said. I was sweating (出汗) with great fear. I knew I was going to be caught in a terrible lie. Just then, there was an announcement, “Ladies and gentlemen, a very nice watch was found on the beach today. If you lost one and can identify (确认) it, please come to the front desk.”At once, I knew what I had to do. I slowly got up, with my whole family staring at me. I went to the desk. There it was. The watch was not broken. It was still working.I walked back to the table, sat down and said in a low voice, “I’m sorry I didn’t tell the truth.” My family smiled. They knew that I had finally learned my lesson.19．Tom’s father gave him a new watch because Tom ________.A．needed one B．was on vacationC．disliked his old one D．behaved well at school20．What did Tom do when he found the watch was gone?A．He told his father about that.B．He asked the front desk for help.C．He spent all afternoon looking for it.D．He did nothing and continued lying on the beach.21．How might Tom feel after saying “No”?A．Happy.B．Worried.C．Relaxed.D．Angry. 22．What does the underlined word “lesson” in the last sentence refer to?A．We should listen to parents.B．We should excuse others’mistakes.C．We should take good care of ourselves.D．We should face mistakes instead of telling lies.“Don’t tell it to anyone.” We hear these words before or after someone tells a secret to us. But it can be hard to keep a secret. We just can’t help “spiling the beans”, even if we regret it later.One expert explains why keeping a secret is a challenge. According to Dr Asim Shah, keeping a secret may become a burden. As soon as you tell somebody not to repeat your secret, they begin to have an obsessive urge (过分冲动) to share it with others.With secrets so often getting out, why do people share them in the first place? Shah explained one is that people often feel like it will help them keep close friendships with others. However, linking telling someone your secrets with how close you are to them is not always advisable. It’s important for people to understand that they can have close relationships without sharing their secrets unnecessarily.Another reason is that people feel guilty (内疚的) about not sharing a secret. For example, if your friends tell you a secret but you don’t share it with those close to you, you may feel ashamed. If you don’t share certain things with them, a sense of distrust can develop. Keeping or sharing secrets often puts people in a position of either losing or winning the trust of someone.He added that people who are more talkative may let a secret slip out, but that doesn’t mean it’s a good idea to share secrets with quieter people. If somebody is quiet and keeps everything in, it may cause them to have more stress, and finally they will talk to somebody.“If you end up accidentally sharing a secret with somebody else, it’s best to be honest and let the person know that you shared his or her secret and that it isn’t so secret anymore,” Shah said.23．What does the underlined phrase “spilling the beans” mean?A．Forgetting the secret.B．Telling the secret to others.C．Discovering the secret.D．Keeping the secret to ourselves.24．The example in the fourth paragraph is to show that ________.A．it is of great importance to trust each otherB．close friends should be honest with each otherC．keeping a secret can make people feel sorryD．it’s not necessary to feel guilty about not sharing anything25．Which is Dr Asim Shah’s opinion?A．Sharing a secret can lead to a close friendship.B．Talkative people are more likely to keep a secret.C．The person who keeps a secret may suffer from stress.D．it’s best to share a secret with quiet people as it's safe with them.26．The passage mainly talks about ________.A．how to avoid letting out a secretB．why it is important to keep a secretC．why it is difficult to keep a secretD．how to find out a secret by ourselves①Of all the animals on Earth, none are more willing to explore than humans. Other animals will go in search of food or water. But humans are searching for possibilities of discovery (发现). So what caused us to explore across the world?②Maybe it’s in our DNA．In 1999, Dr. Chuansheng Chen carried out a study of a gene (基因) known as DRD4-7R. This gene is found in about 20% of all humans. This kind of people are mostly interested in taking risk, exploring, and getting new ideas. Dr. Chen found that DRD4-7R is more common in people who move around a lot than those who don’t. For example, studies in Africa show that the gene is much more common in nomadic tribes (游牧的部落) than in tribes that like to stay in one place better. Several other researchers have studied this topic and found out more to support Dr. Chen’s research.③But can one gene be a drive (驱动) for the need to explore? Dr. Kidd doesn’t think so. He thinks DRD4-7R might make people get more curious (好奇的), but other important sets genes also give us great minds and skilled hands. He believes that not just one gene, but groups of genes work together to create behaviors like exploration.④The environment we live in also makes much difference to our need to explore. For example, during the European Age of Exploration, explorers became rich and famous fortheir discoveries. This made others try to make themselves become rich through exploration too. Therefore, their exploration was more likely encouraged by money than by genes.⑤Maybe the need to explore comes from something inside us, such as the DRD4-7R gene. Or maybe it has more to do with what’s happening in the world around us. Maybe it’s both. Whatever the reason, it seems we (or at least some of us) will keep exploring the mountains, the sea, the stars, and so on because that’s just what humans do.27．What did Dr. Chen find about the DRD4-7R gene?A．It has more influence on people in Africa.B．It could be found in most of the humans.C．It prevents the people in Africa from moving around.D．It may be more common in people who like taking risk.28．What did the example of the European Age of Exploration show?A．The purpose of exploring.B．The importance of the environment.C．The advantage of exploring.D．The big changes of the environment.29．What is the structure of this passage?A．B．C．D．30．Which of the following is the best title of the text?A．Genes’ influence on humans.B．Humans’ need to explore.C．What causes humans to explore.D．How do humans explore.三、选词填空用方框中所给词话的适当形式填空，每词限用一次。
2018-2019学年度部编版八年级语文下册期末测试题一及答案解析
2018-2019学年度部编版八年级语文下册期末测试题一第Ⅰ卷（选择题，共30分）一、积累与运用（1-4小题，每小题3分，共12分）1、下列词语的字形与加点字的读音完全正确的一项是（)(3分）A、家眷．（juàn）枸杞．（qǐ）悬殊．（sū）诸如此类B、清冽．（liè）器皿．（mǐn）溯洄．（huí）消声匿迹C、赋．予（fù）逸．事（yì）萦．绕（yíng）打报不平D、寒噤．（jìn）敦．实（dūn）沟壑．（hè）目眩神迷2、下列加点的词语使用有误的一项是（)(3分）A、大陆台湾两地血脉相连、亲如一家，不会受人挑拨离间．．．．。
B、我现在开始若无其事．．．．地考虑目前的情形和环境，把我每天的经历用笔记下来。
C、近几年来，我们国家如日中天．．．．，出现一片欣欣向荣的景象。
D、乍一听,他的解释似乎可以自圆其说．．．．,但仔细推敲,漏洞还是很多。
3、下列句子没有语病的一项是（)（３分）A、王维在继承传统的基础上，努力创造的具有鲜明个性的意境，丰富和提高了山水诗的表现技巧，对诗歌发展做出了贡献。
B、为确保大熊猫入港随俗，科研人员专门安排它们接受语言训练，提升普通话、广东话和英语能力，为在香港定居做好准备。
C、许多投资者不了解证券投资和基金产品的风险，没有区别股票和基金产品与储蓄、债券的差异，贸然进行证券和基金投资。
D、作为古海岸与湿地同处一地的国家级自然保护区，七里海是京津唐地带极其难得的一片绿洲，被誉为天津滨海地区既大又美的花园。
4、下列句子组成语段顺序排列正确的一项是（）（３分）①所谓“绚烂之撅趋于平淡”，就是这种境界。
②作文知道割爱，才是进入第三阶段的征象。
③芟除枝蔓之后，才能显着整洁而有精神，清楚而有姿态，简单而有力量。
④不成熟的思想，不稳妥的意见，不切题的材料，不扼要的描写，不恰当的词字，统统要大刀阔斧的加以削删。
2018-2019学年浙江省嘉兴市八年级(下)期末语文试卷
2018-2019学年浙江省嘉兴市八年级（下）期末语文试卷一、积累（12分）1．（7分）阅读下面的语段，完成后面的问题。
陶渊明笔下的桃花源是被审美的汁液（jìn）______泡、又为理想的光环所笼罩着的山水，它是作者幻化出的海市蜃楼。
在当代中国，无论东西南北，都能按图索骥找到桃花源。
【甲】_____．但每一个“桃花源”里似乎都有陶渊明的影子，真可谓“一处桃源一陶翁”。
实际上，陶渊明在归隐前也曾参与过政治，但他不为五斗米折腰，离开官场。
从此，他就一直在乡下种地、读书、思考。
终于在他弃彭泽令回家16年后的57岁时写成_____的《桃花源记》。
他描绘了一幅山水画卷，让人们不断去寻找；他勾（lè）______出一个理想社会，让人们不断去追求；他给出了一种人生智慧，让人们得到了解脱。
（1）根据拼音写出相应的汉字。
（jìn）泡勾（lè）（2）填入语段中_____处的成语，正确的一项是（）A．喜闻乐见 B．脍炙人口（3）填入语段中“【甲】”处的语句，正确的一项是（）A．不同的“桃花源”，折射出不同的人对理想家园的理解认知。
B．不同的“桃花源”，折射出人们对理想家园不同的理解认知。
2．（6分）古诗文积累。
（1）韩愈的《马说》中表明作者对千里马被埋没的感叹的句子是：？！（2）王维在《渭城曲》中说：“劝君更尽一杯酒，西出阳关无故人。
”而王勃的《送杜少府之任蜀州》中有两句诗的立意却与此相反，这两句诗是：，。
（3）“歌吟总带忧民泪，颠沛仍怀爱国心。
”这是河南巩义杜甫故居的一幅对联，说的是杜甫一生虽颠沛流离，却始终不改忧国忧民的本色。
请联系《茅屋为秋风所破歌》，写出诗中最能表现诗人忧国忧民情怀的连续的两句：，。
3．（2分）根据你积累的文化常识填空。
古诗文中蕴含很多传统文化。
例如古人的年龄有时不用数字表示，而是用一种与年龄有关的称谓来代替，杜牧的“豆蔻梢头二月初”，就以“豆蔻”来代称十三四岁的女子；王勃的《滕王阁序》中“无路请缨，等终军之弱冠”，则以“弱冠”来代称；而陶渊明在《桃花源记》中写到三四岁至八九岁的儿童时就直接用“”一词来表示。
2018-2019学年度下学期八年级语文第一次月考试卷附答案解析
2018-2019学年度下学期八年级语文第一次月考试卷一、积累与运用1．下列加点字的注音全对的一项是（）（3分）A．行（xíng）辈归省（shěng）絮（xù）叨挑衅（xìn）B．亢（kǎng）奋逻辑（jí）闲逛（guàng）旌（jīn）旗C．踊（yǒng）跃踱（dù）步家眷（juàn）脸颊（xiá）D．农谚（yàn）褶皱（zhě）陨石（yǔn ）萌发（méng ）2．下列句子中加点的词语使用不恰当的一项是 (D )(3分)A．行文至此，作者终于大彻大悟．．．．，“心凝形释，与万化冥合”，真正进入了忘却自我、超越功利的自由自在的境界。
B．精彩的演奏戛然而止．．．．，起先大厅里鸦雀无声，随即响起雷鸣般的掌声。
C．我们绝对不能因受人撺掇．．，就去做些违法的事。
D．这起贪污案分布范围之广、团伙规模之大，令人叹为观止．．．．。
3．下列句子没有语病的一项是(B)(3分)A．通过学校教育弘扬传统文化，对于奠定和谐社会基础，对于中华民族的伟大复兴具有不可替代的作用。
B．近日，贵州一女导游嫌游客购物少，与游客起冲突后将游客赶下车的恶劣行径在网络上热传，很多人看后都不敢再到贵州去旅游了。
C．昆明南二环高架改造工程将于2018年5月30日前完成施工相关准备工作，确保在2019年春节前完工实现通车，施工时间大约为8个月左右。
D．推动高质量发展是当前和今后一个时期实施宏观调控、确定发展思路、制定经济政策的根本要求。
4.下列括号中有关句子的解释不正确的一项是A. 苏州园林的设计绝不讲究对称。
（句子的主干是：设计不讲究对称）B. 我难道还不能照顾自己么？（“难道”“还”在句子中做状语；“不能”做定语）C. 面对枝头美丽的花儿，请你手下留情。
（本句为祈使句）D. 我觉得我们的战士太伟大了。
（句中的宾语是“我们的战士太伟大了”）5.下列解说正确的一项是（）A.“即使风雨兼程，也不一定能到达远方”。
浙江省金华市义乌市2023-2024学年八年级上学期期末考试英语试题
浙江省金华市义乌市2023-2024学年八年级上学期期末考试英语试题学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________一、完形填空As a child, I spent every Thanksgiving with my large family at my grandparents’ house in Maryland, US. It’s a wooden cabin (小屋) on the side of a hill, deep in the forest. For me, that cabin meant “ 1 ”.Our first greeting was from Grandma’s dog, Jesse. He 2 us at our car. My grandparents, aunts, and uncles were waiting 3 the door. Aunt Sue touched my face and told me how big I’d gotten. Grandpa gave 4 a strong handshake and shouted, “Hello, Calvin!”The next day, by the time I 5 , Grandma and Mom had already begun cooking. The cabin was 6 , so we had to move away the furniture to make room for everyone to sit at the long table together.7 was finally ready at about 6 pm. 8 we ate, Grandma asked each person to say something he or she was thankful for. I said, “I’m thankful for my parents, my grandma, and the turkey!” I was too hungry to think of 9 better. Once everyone was finished speaking, we began to eat.After dinner, we took a long walk through the woods around the cabin. Under the late-autumn stars, we made a campfire in the field and told stories 10 . I looked back up the hill at the cabin in the moonlight, and one word appeared in my mind: “Thanks”. 1．A．Thanksgiving B．friendship C．growth D．family 2．A．bit B．welcomed C．followed D．accepted 3．A．behind B．at C．against D．under 4．A．me B．us C．him D．them 5．A．hurried up B．gave up C．grew up D．woke up 6．A．wooden B．dirty C．small D．warm 7．A．Breakfast B．Lunch C．Dinner D．Afternoon tea 8．A．Since B．After C．When D．Before 9．A．something B．anything C．nothing D．everything二、阅读理解Old poems, English words…you must have a lot to remember at school. What if you could remember things like a photo? Scientists have tried to find out how to make us remember better. Here are some tips they found.Sleeping in a rocking (摇摆) bedRemember how you slept so well when you were little and your mom rocked you to sleep? Scientists have found that if we sleep in a rocking bed, we can have a deeper sleep, which is good for our memory. So maybe you should buy a rocking bed.Get emotionalEmotions (情绪) play a big role in remembering things. When you feel strong emotions, you can remember things really well. This is because a part of your brain deals with both emotions and memories. The brain wants us to remember what makes us so sad or happy. So next time you want to remember some knowledge, try to get yourself excited or angry. Then, just take out your book to learn new things!Exercise hardScientists asked people to either ride a bike slowly for 90 minutes or do it really fast for 6 minutes. It showed that short but hard exercises can help remember things quickly. After doing six minutes of hard exercise, you should get down to remembering things!11．What happens if one sleeps in a rock bed?A．Falling off the bed.B．Having a good sleep.C．Getting excited or angry.D．Beginning sleepwalking.12．When is a better time to remember things?A．After 6 minutes of crying.B．After 6 minutes of quick riding.C．After 90 minutes of sleeping.D．After 90 minutes of slow walking. 13．Which part is the text probably taken from a magazine?A．Science.B．Sports.C．Health.D．Travel.Are you troubled by hangnails (倒刺) near your fingers? If you ever try to pull them, they really hurt. Why do we have more hangnails in winter?Well, it turns out that our hands are drier during the season. The skin near our fingersisn’t so oily (油的) as the rest areas of our skin. Winter weather is usually dry, which takes away the little oil we have. When the skin is really dry, it becomes harder, giving us those painful hangnails.Not having enough vitamins can play a part in having hangnails, ▲ . Still, it’s good to have foods rich in vitamins A and B, such as carrots, eggs, and fish, as Beijing Youth Daily suggests.Don’t pull hangnails—it hurts, and it can make things worse by doing harm to your skin and causing more hangnails. Instead, you can put your hand in warm water for a few minutes and then cut the hangnails with nail scissors. You can also try using hand cream more often. 14．Why do we have more hangnails in winter?A．The skin is oily.B．The weather is dry.C．The food is fresh.D．The temperature is low.15．Which of the following sentences can be put in the ▲?A．so it is important to have enough vitamins.B．so keeping a healthy eating habit is important.C．but having enough vitamins is very important.D．but vitamins are not as important as people think.16．What will happen if you pull hangnails?A．It produces lots of oil.B．It makes the skin softer.C．It creates long fingers.D．It brings more hangnails.17．Which is a better way to deal with hangnails?A．Eating more oranges.B．Leaving them alone.C．Putting them in cold water.D．Having more hand cream.In Finland (芬兰), a family came up with a special idea to protect their forest: they let people come and hug the trees. Next summer, the fifth World Tree Hugging Games will happen in Finland. In this game, people do three things: first, hug as many trees as possible in one minute, with each hug lasting at least five seconds. Second, give a whole-hearted hug to one tree for one minute, showing care, love, and respect. Third, people must creatively hug a tree for one minute. Then, the judges will decide the winner.It might sound strange, but the game has a serious meaning: to help people connect with nature and save the forest from being cut down. “At first, people thought it was silly,” Riitta,the owner of a forest said, “but not in a bad way. Finns like to do unusual things and not be too serious, especially in the countryside and forest.”In a recent survey, over 80% said the forest is important to them. Finland is heavily covered in forests, with over 70% of its land being forested.What makes the tree-hugging program work well is that it’s not just about saving the forest; it also gives a good feeling to the visitors, like a hug does. “I enjoy taking people into the forest and seeing the change in them. The trees don’t judge them-they can be who they are,” said Ritta.18．How long does the World Tree Hugging Games last?A．5 seconds.B．1 minute.C．3 minutes.D．5 minutes. 19．Why are the World Tree Hugging Games held?A．To invite people to show love.B．To encourage people to exercise.C．To help people get close to nature.D．To get people to learn more about trees. 20．What does the underlined word “it” in paragraph 2 refer to?A．The game.B．The forest.C．The visitor.D．The country. 21．What can we learn from the passage?A．A small part of Finland is forested.B．Riitta is the first winner of the game.C．The hugging game is held in winter.D．Many Finns care much about forests.Travel is like a box of chocolates: you never know what you are going to get when using a mystery (神秘) box plane ticket.Earlier this year, many young people in China have become interested in mystery box travel. Usually, people plan their journeys well ahead. But with a mystery box, travelers pay a low price, usually 100 or 200 yuan. Then, they will choose their leaving airport and have a list of destinations (目的地) to choose from. Once the destination is decided, their trip begins.A young man called Cheng dreams of going on a mystery box trip, saying that going out alone usually costs too much and that too many people don’t know where to go. But the mystery box directly shows a few destinations, making it both exciting and affordable.Unlike Cheng, Liao Liangyu, 16, has made his dream to go on a mystery box trip come true. He and his friends bought mystery box tickets months ago, and they all got the mystery box ticket to Changsha, the capital city of Hunan province.Since the destinations include many less popular cities, travel mystery boxes also bringmany advantages to these destinations. For example, Dehong City in Yunnan province wasn’t well-known, but after being in mystery box choices, it got attention and became a popular tourist place.22．What does Cheng think of traveling alone?A．Lonely.B．Exciting.C．Expensive.D．Interesting. 23．How did Liao Liangyu choose Changsha as his travel destination?A．By pointing to the map.B．By following his friend’s advice.C．By planning well ahead.D．By picking from a list of choices. 24．What changes does mystery box travel bring to Dehong?A．More travelers.B．Better jobs.C．Less pollution.D．Cheaper food. 25．Which is a suitable title for the text?A．Beautiful Boxes: The Rise of Mystery Box Travel Among Chinese Youth.B．Colorful Dreams: The Rise of Mystery Box Travel Among Chinese Youth.C．Expensive Travels: The Rise of Mystery Box Travel Among Chinese Youth.D．Unknown Journeys: The Rise of Mystery Box Travel Among Chinese Youth.三、选词填空用方框中所给词语的适当形式填空，每词限用一次。
浙江省嘉兴市2018-2019学年八年级第二学期期末测试语文试题(解析版)
【7题详解】
本题考查对文章内容和作者情感的梳理概括。首先通读全文，划分结构层次，梳理情节。而情感变化是随情节推进而变化的。根据题目中已给出的提示，对应原文内容，找到或总结出每一个情节中能体现作者情感的关键词语即可。第(1)—(3)段为第一层， “苦瓜外表的美是难以形容的，它晶润透明，……”“苦瓜切开也是美的，它的内部……”，从苦瓜外表的美，写到苦瓜内里的美，“晶润透明”“白玉一般”“像是有生命流动的鲜血”等词句表达自己对苦瓜的喜爱之情；第(4)—(8)段为第二层，“我年幼的时候最怕吃苦瓜”“嗜吃苦瓜还是这几年的事”，写吃苦瓜的经历，表达了由怕吃苦瓜到嗜吃苦瓜的情感变化；第(9)(10)段是第三层，“我们都是吃过苦瓜的，却少有人看过苦瓜树。去年我在南部，看到一大片苦瓜田里长出累累的苦瓜”“我买了一个刚从田里采下的苦瓜”，写看苦瓜树和买苦瓜的经历，并得出感悟，“这使我想起了人世间的许多事，美与苦是并生的，人不能只要美而不要苦”。
【答案】(1).二十岁的男子(2).垂髫
【解析】
【详解】“弱冠”，古代男子20岁称弱冠。这时行冠礼，即戴上表示已成人的帽子，以示成年，但体犹未壮，还比较年少，故称“弱”。“垂髫”，古时三四岁至八九岁的儿童不束发，头发下垂，因以“垂髫”指三四岁至八九岁的儿童。语出陶渊明《桃花源记》：“黄发垂髫并怡然自乐”。
(7)画家席德进生前也爱吃苦瓜，不但懂吃，自己还能下厨。他最拿手的一道菜是苦瓜灌肉，每次请客都亲自做这道菜。上市场挑选最好的苦瓜，还有上好的腱子肉，把肉细心地捣碎以后，塞在挖空的苦瓜里，要塞到饱满结实，或蒸或煮，别有风味。一次，画家请客，我看到他在厨房里剁肉，小心翼翼塞到苦瓜中去，到吃苦瓜灌肉时，真觉得人生的享受无过于此。我们开玩笑地把画家的拿手菜取名为“白玉盅”。如今画家去了，他拿手的“白玉盅”也随他去了。我好几次吃这道菜，总品不出过去的那种滋味。
2018-2019学年最新人教版八年级语文第一学期期末考试试题(含答案)
2018-2019学年度上学期八年级期末语文测试卷考试时间120分钟，试卷满分100分第一部分、积累与运用（30分）I•请把下面的名言工整地抄写在方格里。
（2分）天行健，君子以自强不息。
□□□□□□□□□□□□2下列词语中加点字注音有错误的一项是（）（3分）A、矜持（j m)濒临灭绝（b m）序幕（X⑪笼罩(l eng)B、淘汰（t①拾级而上（sh 0障碍zh M g) 搅拌(jic C、贿赂（I0水泄不通（xi ©掩映(y ing)秧苗(y mg)D、承诺（hu ©矢志不移（sh 1）灼伤（zhu。
遗传(y i)3下列词语中有错别字的一组是（）（3 分）A、无所事事光彩熠熠歇斯底里针锋相对B、耿耿于怀风度翩翩得天独厚一席之地C 、劫后余生手当其冲刀耕火种危言耸听D错综复杂仗义执言大相径庭不言而4.依次填入横线上的词语，正确的一项是（）（3分）1、他觉出其中有什么 ____ ，逼我立即拿来，我只好进屋把书拿出来。
2、为了追求光和热，有人宁愿 _____ 自己的生命。
生命是可爱的。
但寒冷的、寂寞的生，却不如轰轰烈烈的死。
3、最终，这位收买专利权的商人按照合同―了自己的诺言A .奥秘放弃实现B . 秘诀舍弃实现C .秘诀放弃履行D奥秘舍奔履行5、下列句子没有语病的一个是()(3分)A. 我们每个人都应该端正学习科学知识的目的。
B. 我们只有相信自己的能力，才能在各种考验前充满信心。
C •通过全班同学的共同努力，使我们班总成绩在年级组的排位有了大幅度提升。
D.球馆设施齐全，可为乒乓球爱好者提供球拍、球衣、球鞋和衣柜等乒乓器材。
6下面句子没有使用修辞方法的一项是()(3分)A •回望兰亭，难忘残园雨锁，难忘清波泛舟，难忘竹林漫步……B. 每到冬季，流动的飞瀑凝固成一根根冰柱，仿佛一把巨大的竖琴，奏出美妙的乐章。
C. 林子里候多地方还积着厚厚的雪，高山杜鹃花却早已耐不住性子，径自开了起来。
2018——2019学年度人教部编版第一学期期末八年级语文试卷(含答案及解析)(二)
2018——2019学年度第一学期期末八年级语文试卷一．积累和运用（15分）1.下列词语中加点字注音完全正确的一项是（2分）（）A．要塞．（sài）翘．首（qiào）殚．精竭虑（dān）B．窒．息（zhì）踌躇．（chú）坦荡如砥．（dì）C．濒．临（bīn）嶙．峋（lín）重峦叠嶂．（zhàng）D．喧嚣．（xiāo）遒劲．（jìn）络绎．不绝（yì）2.下面各项中表述正确的一项是 (2分) ( )A.《藤野先生》作者鲁迅，原名周树人，代表作有小说《朝花夕拾》等。
B.《饮酒》是一组七言古诗，共20首。
作者陶渊明，东晋诗人。
C.《记承天寺夜游》作者苏轼，字子瞻，号东坡居士，唐代文学家。
D.《白杨礼赞》的作者是茅盾，作家、社会活动家，代表作有小说《蚀》三部曲等。
4.李清照的《渔家傲》中①“闻天语，殷勤问我归何处”一句用了哪种修辞手法？在结构上有什么作用？②词中的“谩”有多层含义，请结合全词加以分析。
（3分）5.无可奈何花落去，似曾相识燕归来。
□□□□□□□。
(1分)6.《三峡》中最后一句故渔者歌曰：“□□□□□□□，□□□□□□□。
”（27.孟子认为真的大丈夫应该做到:□□□□□，□□□□□，□□□□□。
（3二、阅读（一）文言文阅读（15分）（甲）阅读《生于忧患，死于安乐》，回答问题。
（10分）8.本文的作者孟轲，战国时期，家学派代表人物之一。
（1分）9.解释下面加点词语在文中的意思。
（2分）①舜发．于畎亩之中（）②空乏．．其身（）③人恒．过（）④而后喻．（）10.开篇列举六位历史人物有什么共同的特点？列举他们的事例有什么作用？（2分）11.本文的中心论点是什么？（用文中句子回答）（2分）12.《朱子语类》中说：“人须从贫困艰苦中做来，方坚牢。
”结合文章内容，用自己的话说说此句所蕴含的道理是什么？（3分）（乙）阅读《孙叔敖为楚令尹》一文，回答问题。
XXX2018-2019学年八年级下学期期末考试语文试题及参考答案
XXX2018-2019学年八年级下学期期末考试语文试题及参考答案XXX2019年上学期期末联考初二年级语文试卷一、积累与运用（共26分）1.下列句子中，没有错别字且加点字的注音完全正确的一项是（）（2分）A。
XXX可怒不可遏，在微博上发文称机场安检人员态度蛮横（hèng），处处难她。
XXX正面回应了此事，还原了事件真相，网友纷纷指责曾轶可此举不妥。
B。
站在瞭望台前，你可俯视小镇全貌：哥特式的建筑高耸入云，巨大的霓虹灯让人目炫神迷。
C。
他强词夺理的解释让民众更心寒，学术浮燥竟到如此地步，谁之过？D。
小路颠簸，游人暄哗，可这毫不影响她游山的心情。
2.下面语段中加点的词语运用不正确的一项是（）（2分）那个八月，XXX经历了一场暴风骤雨的袭击：秋风破茅，秋雨漏屋，一家人无处安身。
他却在此刻慷慨吟出“安得广厦千万间，大庇天下寒士俱欢颜”，忧国忧民的情怀表现得如此光明正大。
历史风云变幻，一拨又一拔的风流人物在历史的尘埃中变得面目模糊，而人民却永远缅怀XXX，因为他能从自己的痛苦中生出一种大胸怀，穷也兼济天下，心里装着人民的人，人民也将永远记住他！A。
暴风骤雨B。
光明正大C。
风云变幻D。
缅怀3.下列句子中，没有语病的一项是（）（2分）A。
古人写信，内容包罗万象，把天气地理、风俗人情，都被写入了书信。
B。
“珍爱生命，远离毒品”校园宣传活动，增加了中学生自我保护意识。
C。
XXX学子XXX的一封家书感动了无数人，他用自己的行动很好地诠释了雅礼精神。
D。
要避免年轻人不“啃老”，首先是他自己要有独立生存的能力。
4.下列句子顺序排列最恰当的一项是（）（2分）①《淮南子》“江河不能实漏卮。
”②“漏卮”就是有漏洞的盛酒器，哪怕江河也难以将它装满。
③涓滴指小水珠，一个小水珠大的洞，也会造成大坝垮塌。
④再如补阙挂漏、补苴罅漏、补漏订讹等，也是指要补好裂缝、堵住漏洞。
⑤所以，为避免小漏、大漏、巨漏，防漏最重要。
⑥古人说：“涓滴不漏”。
2018-2019学年度第一学期期末教学质量检测八年级 语文试题
2018-2019学年度第一学期期末教学质量检测八年级语文（说明：全卷分为A卷和B卷，A卷满分100分，B卷满分50分，满分150分。
考试时间120分钟。
）A卷B卷A卷（共100分）第Ⅰ卷（选择题，共24分）一、基础知识（每小题3分，共12分）1．下面加点字注音全部正确的一项是（）A.歼．灭(jiān) 阻塞．(sài) 签．订(qiān) 翘．首以待（qiào）B.泄．气(xiè) 溃．退(kuì) 覆．灭(fù) 颁．发奖状(bān)C.纤．维(xiān) 封锁．(suǒ) 对峙．(shì) 屏．声静气 (píng)D.遗憾．(hàn) 舆．论(yú) 督．战(dū) 锐不可当．(dàng)2．下列语句中书写正确的一项是（）A.倍受外界关注的我国航母舰载战斗机首次着舰进入最关键时刻。
B.除下帽来，油光可鉴，婉如小姑娘的发髻一般。
C.当你在积雪初融的高原上走过,看见平坦的大地上傲然挺立这么一株或一排白杨树，难道你就觉得它只是树?D.疏林簿雾，农舍田畴，春寒料峭，赶集的乡人驱赶着往城内送炭的毛驴驮队。
3.下列各句中，加点的成语或熟语使用有误的一项是( )A.城市绿化必须因地制宜．．．．，突出环境保护与人文景观和谐统一的发展观念。
B.叶圣陶先生说，苏州园林是我国各地园林的标本。
去年到苏州游览了几个园林，果然觉得名正言顺．．．．。
八年级语文第1 页共12 页C.人们常用谚语“三百六十行．．．．．”劝勉别人不要嫌弃行业不好,任何工作都能．．．．．，行行出状元创造出超人的业绩。
D.改革开放三十年来，全国人民安居乐业．．．．，生活水平日益提高。
4.下列句子没有语病的一句是( )A.半期考试之后，由于她这样好的成绩，得到了老师和同学们的赞扬。
B.全校师生在雷锋精神的鼓舞下，好人好事如雨后春笋似的涌现出来。
C.他们胸怀祖国，放眼世界，在高手如林的雅典奥运会上，大力发扬了敢拼敢搏，终于夺得了冠军。