2019-2020译林版(三起)三年级英语下册期末试卷(含听力材料和答案)
三年级下册期末测试卷总分：100分姓名：听力部分（40分）一．根据你所听到的内容，将其序号填在题前括号内。
（听两遍）(10分)（）1. A.opt B.upd （）2. A.jav B.guv（）3. A.iry B. ari （）4. A.cake B. duck（）5. A. cake B. make （）6. A. great B. green（）7. A.watch B.lunch （）8. A.these B. those（）9. A.pie B. nine （）10. A.tree B. three二．根据所听内容顺序，给下列图片排序。
（听两遍）（6分）( ) ( ) ( )( ) ( ) ( )三．判断所听内容与图片是否相符，相符的打“√”，不相符的打“×”。
（听两遍）（6分）1. 2. 3.( ) ( ) ( )4. 5. 6.( ) ( ) ( )四．根据你所听到的问题，选择正确的应答句。
（听两遍）（10分）( )1. A. He’s my uncle. B. He’s my baby. C. She’s my aunt.( )2. A.It’s a school. B.It’s over there. C.It’s seven o’clock. ( )3. A.It’s nice. B.How beautiful! C.Yes,please.( )4.A. Yes,you’re right. B. No.They’re pears. C. They are cows. ( )5. A.OK，I want a toy. B.No,thanks. C.I’m six.五．根据所听对话内容，补全句子。
（听三遍）(8分)1. —Where’s the ? —It’s your desk.2. —What’s ? —It’s a .3. Please don’t class.4. —What’s the ? —It’s o’clock.读写部分（60分）一、看图写单词。
（每词1分，共8分）二．找出不同类的单词，把序号写在括号内。
(每小题2分，共12分) ( ) 1. A.not B. no C. yes( ) 2. A.apple B. pear C. duck( ) 3. A.he B. your C. my( ) 4. A.blackboard B. breakfast C. dinner( ) 5. A.aunt B. woman C. man( ) 6. A.drink B. milk C. walk三．根据情景，选择最佳答案。
（每题1分，共10分）( ) 1.________ a nice schoolbag!A.WhoB. HowC.What( ) 2.It’s time eat the cake.A. toB. forC. in( ) 3.—my blue jacket? —It’s over there.A. What’sB. WhereC. Where’s( ) 4. --Are these __________? --No, they are pigs.A. ducksB. pigsC. a pig( ) 5.Don’t the parrot, Sam.A.listenB.listen toC.talk( ) 6.你上课迟到了，听到老师说什么你可以进教室：A.I’m sorry.B. Sit down, please.C. Come in, please.（) 7.在图书馆看书，有人在谈话，你应该对他们说：A.Don’t shout.B. Don’t talk.C. Don’t run.（) 8.你想告诉同学那不是你的铅笔，你会说：A. This is my pencil.B.That isn’t my pencil.C. This isn’t my pen. ( ) 9.下午老师上课时，不可以说：A.Hello，class.B. Good morning,class.C. Good afternoon,class.（) 10.你想问别人这是不是他的叔叔，你会说：A.Is this your uncle?B. Is this your aunt？C. Is that your uncle?四．给下列句子选择恰当的答句。
(10分)( ) 1. Please don’t talk in class. A. I’m ten.( ) 2. How old are you? B. I’m sorry, Mr Green.( ) 3. Is that your uncle? C. No, he isn’t.( ) 4. Open the door, please. D. It’s seven o’clock.( ) 5. What’s the time? E. All right.五．阅读对话，判断正误，正确的写“T”，错误的写“F”。
(10分)Where is the cap？Jack is a little boy. He has a lovely cap. He likes wearing(戴）it very much.One day（一天），Jack is playing with（和……玩）his cap，when he getstired(疲惫的）of the game，things are not the same . He can’t find his cap. Where is it? Jack thinks hard. He looks up and down, and walks here and there.But he can’t find his cap yet.At this time, his mother comes in. As soon as she sees Jack, she shouts,“Oh, my dear! Don’t be foolish. Your cap is on your head.”Jack feels very foolish. He doesn’t want to wear his cap .( ) 1. Jack has a lovely bag.( ) 2. Jack doesn’t like his cap.找到) his cap at last(最后）.( ) 3. Jack’s father finds(( ) 4. The cap is under the tree.( ) 5. Jack feels so foolish.六．连词成句，注意大小写和标点符号。
(每小题2分，共10分) 1. those, What, under, tree, are, the ( ? )2. nice , Look , my , pictures , at ( . )3. that, Who , man , is ( ? )4. like, Would , apple, an , you ( ? )5. close , window, Don’t , the, please (，.)（听力材料）一．根据你所听到的内容，将其序号填在题前括号内。
（听两遍）1. upd2. jav3. ari4. duck5.cake6. great7. lunch8. these9. pie 10. tree二．根据所听内容顺序，给下列图片排序。
（听两遍）1. A : Where’s the bird? B: It’s under the desk .2. It’s seven o’clock. It’s time for breakfast.3. A : Is that a cow ? B: No, it’s a pig .4. A : Look at that baby . B: How lovely !5. A :Is this your schoolbag ? B: No , it isn’t.6. A :What’s that on the chair ? B: It’s a cake.三．判断所听内容与图片是否相符，相符的打“√”，不相符的打“×”。
（听两遍）1. A: Is this you,Bobby? B: Yes,you’re right .2. Wake up, Liu Tao. It’s time for breakfast.3. Please open your book .4. Look, that is a man .5. Don’t drink here .6. A: Where’s the bird? B: It’s under the tree.四．根据你所听到的问题，选择正确的应答句。
（听两遍）1. Who’s that man ?2. What’s the time ?3. Look at my pictures .4. Are those pears on the tree ?5. Make a wish, please .五．根据所听对话内容，补全句子。
（听三遍）(8分)1. —Where’s the bird ? —It’s under your desk.2. —What’s that ? —It’s a ruler .3. Please don’t talk in class.4. —What’s the time ? —It’s seven o’clock.三年级期末调研（参考答案）听力部分一、1-5 BAABA 6-10 ABAAA二、541253三、1.× 2. √ 3. × 4. × 5.× 6. ×四、ACBAA五、1. bird under2. that ruler3. talk in4. time seven笔试部分一、window girl chair apple ruler talk desk nine二、ACAAAB三、１－５CACAB６－１０CBBBA四、B A C ED五、F T F F T六、1.What are those under the tree?2.Look at my nice pictures.3.Who is that man?4.Would you like an apple?5.Don’t close the window,please.。
2020译林版(三起)小学英语三年级下册Unit 3考试模拟卷及答案 第三单元
译林版小学英语三年级下册Unit 3考试模拟卷及答案Unit 3 Is this your pencil一、看图填单词。
1.看图填单词（1）a________（2）a________（3）a________（4）a________（5）a________（6）a________二、翻译。
2.翻译（1）铅笔________（2）ruler ________（3）橡皮________（4）crayon ________（5）钢笔________（6）schoolbag ________三、选词填空。
3.选词填空①grandfather ②grandmother③uncle ④aunt（1）He's my father's father. He's my________. （2）She's my mother's sister. She's my________. （3）She's my mother's mother. She's my________. （4）He's my father's brother. He's my________.四、写句子。
4.这是你的铅笔吗？5.这不是我的铅笔。
6.那是你的橡皮吗？7.这是我的橡皮。
8.不，这不是。
答案解析部分一、看图填单词。
1.【答案】（1）schoolbag（2）pen（3）pencil（4）crayon（5）rubber（6）ruler【考点】单词拼写【解析】【分析】（1）图片是书包“schoolbag”。
故答案为：schoolbag。
（2）图片是钢笔“pen”。
故答案为：pen。
（3）图片是铅笔“pencil”。
故答案为：pencil。
（4）图片是蜡笔“crayon”。
故答案为：crayon。
（5）图片是橡皮“rubber”。
故答案为：rubber。
2020三年级下册英语期末测试(含听力材料与答案)人教(PEP)
2019—2020学年度第二学期期末考试小学三年级期末测试听力部分(50分)一、听录音，选出你所听到的单词。
(10分)听力材料：1.girl 2.tail 3.sixteen 4.duck 5.short 6.fruit7.on8．k10.cap( B )1.A.boy B．girl( A )2.A.tail B．body( B )3.A.six B．sixteen ( A )4.A.duck B．elephant( B )5.A.long B．short ( A )6.A.fruit B．zoo( A )7.A.on B．in ( A )8.A.big B．pig( A )k B．kite ( B )10.A.dad B．cap二、听录音，选出与所听内容相符的图片。
(10分)听力材料：1.Hi，I'm Mike.I'm from Canada. 2.I like w atermelons and grapes. 3．Make your eyes big. 4.Bounce a ball. 5.Put your hand on the chair.( A )1.( B )2.( A )3.( A )4.( A )5.三、听录音，选出你所听到的句子。
(10分)听力材料：1.Where are you from？ 2.I ha v e a ne w kite.3．She's my mother. 4.I ha v e 17 crayons. 5.Have some fruit.( B )1.A.What about you? B．Where are you from?( A )2.A.I have a new kite. B．We have a new kite.( A )3.A.She's my mother. B．He's my father.( B )4.A.You have 16 crayons. B．I have 17 crayons.( A )5.A.Have some fruit. B．Have some grapes.四、听录音，选出所听句子的正确答语。
【期末提分专项】三年级下册英语期末复习专项- 四、阅读理解(含历年真题) 译林三起(含答案)
期末复习专题（四）阅读一、阅读短文或对话，判断下列句子是（T）否（F）正确。
（一）（2020扬州江都区）Hello, I’m Lily. I’m eleven years old. Look at the picture of my family. This old man is my grandma. He has a big farm. The ducks and the chickens on his farm are lovely. This is my grandma. She is nice. This is my mother. She often makes ice cream for me. This tall man is my father. He is clever. This is Lucy. She is my twin sister. She is nice. I love my family.( )1.Lucy i s eleven.( )2.Grandpa’s farm is big.( )3.The chickens and the birds are lovely.( )4.Lily’s father makes ice cream for Lily.( )5.Lily’s father s tall and clever.（二）Yang Ling:What’s that on the chair?Nancy:It’s a toy car.Yang Ling:Oh, what a toy cat! Can I have a look?Nancy:Sure. Here you are.Yang Ling:Thank yo u. I like（喜欢）it very much. Is this your toy car?Nancy:Yes, it’s my birthday present..Yang Ling:How old are you?Nancy:I’m eight.( )1.The toy car is on the desk.( )2.It’s a nice toy car.( )3.It is Nancy’s toy car.( )4.Yang Ling likes the toy car very much.( )5.Yang Ling is eight.（三）Hello, I’m Nancy. Welcome to my farm. Look! These are ducks. They are yellow.Nine chickens are over there. Are those pigs? Yes. They are white. Look at those cows. They are lovely.What a big and beautiful farm!( )1.This is Nancy’s family.( )2.The ducks are yellow.( )3.We can see some chickens on the farm.( )4.The pigs are black.( )5.Nancy likes the cows.（四）My name is John. I’m nine. I’m in Class One, Grade Three. The boy in black is my friend. His name is Jack. He is in Class One, Grade Three too. We’re English boys. This is my English teacher, Miss Chen. She is reading English now. We are listening to her.( )1.John and Jack are in the same（相同的）class.( )2.Their English teacher is a man.( )3.John is in black.( )4.John is an American boy.( )5.They are reading after the teacher.（五）Bobo wake up at 8 o’clock. Oh no! “I am late for class!” he shouts. He gets up and has breakfast in ten minutes（十分钟内）.Then he gets dressed（穿衣）. “Hurry up! Mr Chen will be angry（生气的）. I can’t be late!” He takes a bag and runs out（跑出去）.“Where are you going, Bobo?” Mum asks. “Go to school!” answers he.“But today is Saturday（星期六）. No school today!” Mum says.( )1.Bobo wakes up at eight.( )2.He doesn’t have breakfast.( )3.Bobo puts on his clothes.( )4.Today is Sunday.( )5.Bobo is late today. Mr Gr een is angry.二、阅读短文或对话，选择正确的答案。
三年级下册英语试题-期末试卷A(含答案和听力材料)译林版(三起)
三年级下册英语试题-期末试卷A（考试时间：60分钟总分：100分）听力部分(30分）一、听录音，选出你所听到的内容，将序号填入题前括号内。
（听两遍，每题1分，共5分）（）1. A. B. C.（）2. A. B. C.（）3. A. B. C.（）4. A. B. C.（）5. A. B. C.二、听录音，选出你所听到的内容，把序号写在括号里。
（听两遍，每题1分，共5分）( ) 1. A. g B. j C. h( ) 2. A. E B. G C. L( ) 3. A. K F C B. K I D C. K B S( ) 4. A. family B. friend C. father( ) 5. A. He’s my friend. B. She’s my sister. C.This is Miss Li.三、听录音，判断所听内容是否与图意相符，相符的画，不相符的画。
（听两遍，每题2分，共10分）1. 2. 3. 4. 5.CcGg IiMm四、听录音，根据所听内容，选择其对应的中文选项。
（听两遍，每题2分，共10分） ( ) 1. A. 李老师，下午好。
B. 李老师，上午好。
( ) 2. A. 你好，你是约翰吗？ B. 你好，我是约翰。
( ) 3. A. 是的，我是。
B. 不，我不是。
( ) 4. A.他是迈克。
B. 她是苏海。
( ) 5. A.这是我的爸爸. B. 这是我的妈妈.笔试部分（70分）一、写出下列字母的左邻右舍。
（每空1分。
共8分） 1. 2.3. 4.二、选出不同类的单词，将其序号填在题前括号里。
（每空2分。
共10分） 1. （ ） 1. A. hi B. Mike C. hello 2. （ ） 1. A. class B. morning C. afternoon 3. （ ） 1. A. are B. am C. yes 4. （ ） 1. A. he B. she C. am 5. （ ） 1. A. father B. mother C. family 三、单项选择题。
人教版2019-2020学年度第二学期期末教学质量评估三年级英语试卷及答案(含两套题)
2019－2020学年度第二学期期末教学质量评估三年级英语试卷题号I II III IV V VI VII VIII IX 总分得分I. Alphabet. 请将大写字母与对应的小写字母相匹配。
（10分）A. kfaB. bmnC. adlD. gceE. hjl( ) (1) BMN( ) (2) ADL( ) (3) KFA( ) (4) HJL( ) (5) GCEII. Circle. 请选出每组中与众不同的单词。
（10分）( ) 1. A. father B. mother C. friend D. brother ( ) 2. A. eleven B. thirteen C. sixteen D. student( ) 3. A. lion B. apple C. kangaroo D. mouse( ) 4. A. egg B. duck C. dog D. elephant( ) 5. A. China B. coffee C. America D. CanadaIII. Choose. 将相应单词前面的字母标号填在对应图片下的括号里。
（10分）A. hot dogB. ice-creamC. gooseD. studentsE. Canada( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( )IV. Dialogue. 请根据情景选择一个最合适的句子，并将对应的字母标号填在前面的括号内。
（20分）( ) 1. 在交通拥挤的公路旁边，你可以这样提醒你的同学注意安全：________A. Welcome!B. Come in!C. Watch out!( ) 2. 有人向你说“I’m sorry.”，你可以这样回答他：________A. Come on!B. It’s OK.C. Wow.( ) 3. 想夸朋友的文具很漂亮，你可以说：________A. Welcome.B. I like it.C. Oh, how nice. ( ) 4. 别人邀请你一起去玩，你可以说：________A. OK.B. She’s my mom.C. How beautiful!( ) 5. 看见一条很大很大的鱼，你可以说：________A. My brother.B. Who’s this girl?C. What a big fish! ( ) 6. 当别人询问你是哪里人时，你应回答：________A. I’m from Lulong.B. Oh, no.C. You’re welcome. ( ) 7. 当别人为你介绍了一位新朋友，你应对新朋友说：________A. Goodbye.B. I’m sorryC. Nice to meet you. ( ) 8. 想问对方有多少支钢笔，你应说：________A. Oh!B. Look at the pen.C. How many pens do you have? ( ) 9. 想和朋友一起看电视，你应说：________A. Let’s fly it.B. Let’s watch TV.C. Oh, how funny. ( ) 10. “好主意”用英语表达是：________A. Good idea.B. Good morning.C. Goodbye.V. Judge. 请判断图片与短语表达的意思是“√”否“×”一致。
三年级下册英语期末复习专项- 三、对话和情景交际(含历年真题) 译林三起(含答案)
期末复习专题（三）对话和情景交际一、从II栏中选出与I栏相对应的答句。
（一）（2020扬州刊江区）I II( )1.How old are you? A.He’s my brother.( )2.What are these? B.It’s on the desk.( )3.Who’s he? C.I’m ten.( )4.Are those your robots? D.They’re cows.( )5.Where’s my pencil? E.Yes, they are.( )6.Don’t shout in the library. F.I’m sorry.( )7.Look! A bird.G.I want a robot.( )8.What’s this?H.It’ a ruler.( )9.Would you like a pie?I.How beautiful!( )10.Make a wish.J.No, thank you.（二）I II( )1.Close the door, Liu Tao. A.I’m sorry.( )2.Look at my dress. B.They are on the farm. ( )3.Don’t eat in the library. C.Yes, Miss Li. ( )4.How old are you? D.They are apples. ( )5.Where are the chickens? E.I’m seven year s ol d. ( )6.What are these, Nancy? F.How nice!（三）I II( )1.What time is it? A.Yes, please.( )2.Is this a pig? B.Thank you.( )3.Would you like a pie? C.It’s el even o’clock. ( )4.Where’s Liu Tao? D.He’s my uncle. ( )5.This orange is for you. E.Yes, it is.( )6.Who’s that man? F.He is in t he playground.（四）I II( )1.How old is Wang Bing? A.It’s an English book. ( )2.What’s that in your bag? B.He’s seven.( )3.Where are my pens? C.No, it’s a chicken. ( )4.Welcome to the farm. D.OK. What time is it now? ( )5.Wake up, Liu Tao? E.Thank you.( )6.Is that a duck? F.They are on the desk.二、根据所给情境，选择正确答案。
三年级英语译林版3B Unit1-2测试题及答案
三年级下Unit1-2单元卷姓名_______ 得分__________书面部分（70分）一、将下列单词或短语补充完整，并写出其中文意思。
(8分)1. cl___s___ ( )2.pl___ ___se ( )3. w___ nd___w ( )4.s___ ___ry ( )5.d___ ___r ( )6. ___p___n ( )7.r___bb___r ( ) 8.p___rr___t ( )二、翻译词组。
（5分，每题1分）1.起立2.坐下3.在图书馆4.关窗___________5.进来三、单项选择：(5分)( ) 1. ----Look ________ the blackboard , Mike. ---- Yes , Miss Li.A. atB. onC./( ) 2. ----What’s this ? ----It’s ________.A. doorB. a doorC. an door( ) 3.----Please close the window. ----________.A. Thank you.B. Yes, Mr Green.C. I’m sorry. ( ) 4.----The rubber is for you, Mike. ----________.A. Goodbye.B. Thank you.C. OK.( )5.----Don’t listen _______Sam, Bobby. ----OK.A./B. forC. to四、根据所给情景，选择正确的答案。
(5分)( )1、妈妈叫你把窗户打开，她会对你说：A. Open the window, please.B. Open the door ,please. ( )2、当你迟到了，你应该对老师说：A. Yes ,Mr Green.B. I’m sorry, Miss Li.( )3、老师叫你不要把窗户打开，你会回答道：A. OK.B. Yes,please.( )4、你想知道这是什么，你会问：A. It’s a rubber.B. What’s this ?( )5、爸爸叫你不要打开门，他会对你说：A. Open the door.B. Don’t open the door. ( )6、好朋友请我帮助他开门，他应该说:A. Open the door, please.B. Open the window,please. ( )7、当踢完足球满头大汗进教室时，我请我同桌:A. Close the window.B. Open the window. ( )8、同学David帮助我关门后，我对他说：A. Close the door.B. Thank you.( )9.上课了，值日班长说：A.Stand up.B.Sit down.( )10.你去老师办公室，老师对你说：X K b1. C ome in, please.B.I’m sorry,Miss Li.五、根据所给句子排序。
人教版2019-2020学年度第二学期期末教学质量评估三年级英语试卷及答案(含两套题)
2019－2020学年度第二学期期末教学质量评估三年级英语试卷卷首寄语：亲爱的同学们，经过一段时间的学习，你一定又学了不少的英语知识吧? 现在来检测一下，了解自己的学习情况吧，要仔细审题，认真答题哦！请充分展现你漂亮的书写，相信你是最棒的！下面从听力开始吧！Listening Part（听力部分40%）一、听录音，选择你所听到的选项。
（10分）( ) 1. A. like B. cake C. take( ) 2. A. juice B. fruits C. milk( ) 3. A. seventeen B. sixteen C. thirteen( ) 4. A. where B. water C. welcome( ) 5. A. how B. cow C. now二、听录音，根据录音内容选择正确的答语。
（10分）( ) 6. A. I’d like some noodles. B. I want a book.C. I like pandas.( ) 7. A. They are twenty yuan. B. I have twenty.C. It’s seven yuan.( ) 8. A. No, I am not. B. Yes, she can. C. Yes. I can.( ) 9. A. They are Tom’s. B. It’s on my desk.C. Yes, it is.( ) 10. A. I like my book. B. There are three books. C. I have two books.三、听录音，选择正确的图画。
（10分）( ) 11. A. B. C.( ) 12. A. B. C.( ) 13. A. B. C.( ) 14. A. B. C.( ) 15. A. B. C.四、根据录音内容，判断图片与录音是否相符，相符的写（√），不符的写（×）。
【期末试卷】2019 最新苏教版三年级英语下册全册试卷
2019 最新苏教版三年级英语下册全册试卷特别说明：本试卷为2019 最新译林版教材配套试卷。
全套共 22 份试卷（含听力材料和答案）。
内容如下：1.单元测评卷（ Unit 1）12.单元测评卷（ Unit 7）2.单元测评卷（ Unit 2）13.单元测评卷（ Unit 8）3.阶段测评卷（ Units 1~2） 14.阶段测评卷（ Units 7~8）4.单元测评卷（ Unit 3）15.分类测评卷（一）5.单元测评卷（ Unit 4）16.分类测评卷（二）6.阶段测评卷（ Units 3~4 ） 17. 分类测评卷（三）7.期中测评卷（一）18.分类测评卷（四）8.期中测评卷（二）19.期末测评卷（一）9.单元测评卷（ Unit 5）20.期末测评卷（二）10.单元测评卷（ Unit 6）21.期末测评卷（三）11.阶段测评卷（ Units 5~6 ） 22. 期末测评卷（四）听力材料和答案Earlybird版感听力部分(共30分)一、听录音,给下列图片排序。
(共12分)二、听录音,判断下列图片与所听内容是否相符,用“√”或“×”表示。
(每小题2分,共8分)3三、听录音,选择合适的应答句。
(每小题2分,共10分)C 1. A. It's nice)2. A. It's great()3. A. Good afternoon, classC. Im sorry.)4. A. No, Miss Li. B. Sorry, Miss Li. C. Yes, Miss Li )5. A. Thank you.Earlybird单元测评卷(Unit1)4.B. It's whiteC. Yes, I am B. It's green C. It's a parrotB. Good morning, class. B. Hello, I'm Mike.C. I'm sorryEarlybird满分:100分时间:40分钟Earlybird笔试部分(共70分)四、看图写单词。
译林版2022-2022年三年级下册英语期末模拟题 (4)
三年级下册英语试题-期末试卷B（含答案）译林版（三起）时间：60分钟分值：100分听力部分（30分）一、听录音，选出你所听到的单词。
（5分）( )1. A. doll B. ball C. door( )2. A. the B. these C. those( )3. A.seven B. eleven C.three( )4. A. pencil case B.pencil box C. lunch box( )5. A. these apples B. those oranges C. that pear二、听录音，根据所听内容，选出合适的答句。
（10分）( )1. A. Yes, it is . B. No, they’re apples.( ) 2. A. She’s my cousin. B.She’s my aunt.( ) 3. A. It’s twelve o’clock. B. I’m ten.( ) 4. A. It’s an apple.. B. They’re apples.( )5. A.Thank you. B.No, thank you.三、听录音，判断下列图片与听内容是否正确，是打T，否的打F。
（10分）( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( )四、听录音，写出所听到的单词. （5分）1.Who’s this _______? She’s my sister.2.What time is it? It’s nine o’clock. It’s time for______.3.How old are you? I’m__________.4.What are__________? They’re________.笔试部分（70分）一、找出每组中不同类的词。
（10分）二、英汉互译。
（10分）1.在农场___________________2.那些女孩_________________3.这只鸭子_________________4.几点_______________________5.醒一醒___________________6.your twin sister_________________7.eat an apple_________________8.over there____________________9.listen to____________________10.time for breakfast ____________________三、单项选择。