动词不定式可以作以上各种成分
不定式的用法

(一)动词不定式可以作以上各种成分,但它毕竟是动词,所以有动词的属性动词不定式及其短语还可以有自己的宾语、状语,虽然动词不定式在语法上没有表面上的直接主语,但它表达的意义是动作,这一动作一定由使动者发出。
这一使动者我们称之为逻辑主语,其形式如下:主动形式被动形式一般式(not)to make (not)to be made完成式(not)to have made (not)to have been made进行式(not)to be making完成进行式(not)to have been making(1)语态如果动词不定式的逻辑主语是这个不定式所表示的动作的承受者,不定式一般要用被动语态形式。
如:It's a great honour to be invited to Mary's birthday party.(不定式作主语)It was impossible for lost time to be made up.(不定式作主语)I wish to be sent to work in the country.(不定式作宾语)Can you tell me which is the car to be repaired?(不定式作定语)He went to the hospital to be examined.(不定式作状语)在There be结构中,修饰主语的不定式可用被动,也可用主动。
如:There are still many things to t ake care of (to be taken care of).但有时两种形式表达的意思不同,如:These is nothing to do now.( We have nothing to do now.) There is nothing to be done now.(We can do nothing now.)(2)时态1) 现在时:一般现在时表示的动词,有时与谓语动词表示的动作同时发生,有时发生在谓语动词的动作之后。
动词不定式用法归纳

动词不定式用法归纳动词不定式是一种非谓语动词形式,其结构为“to+动词原形”,其中to是其符号,它没有人称和数的变化。
动词不定式在句子中可以用作主语、表语、宾语、补足语、定语、状语等。
1、作主语· To be a doctor is hard. 做医生很难。
· To learn English well is not easy. 学好英语不容易。
· To say is to believe.眼见为实。
动词不定式(短语)作主语时,为了避免句子的头重脚轻,可以用“it”作形式主语,而把真正的主语--动词不定式(短语)放在句子的后部。
上面的句子可以改为:· It is hard to be a doctor. · It is not easy to learn English w ell. · It’s important to plant trees in spring. 如果动词不定式的动作是谁做的,可以在动词不定式前面加一个由介词for引导的短语,称为不定式的复合结构。
· It’s good for us to read English aloud in the morning. 对我们来说每天早晨大声读英语是很有益的。
· It is important for students to use English every day. 对学生来说每天使用英语是很重要的。
2、作表语在形式上,位于系动词后的就是表语。
从含义上讲,表语是回答主语“是什么”或“怎么样”的语法成分。
动词不定式(短语)作表语常用于系词be的后面。
· His work is to drive a car. 他的工作是开车。
· My job is to feed animals. 我的工作是饲养动物。
· Her ambition is to be a doctor. 她的理想是当医生。
英语中不定式(todo)的6种成分和2种独立用法

英语中不定式(todo)的6种成分和2种独立用法非谓语是英语学习的重点也是难点,很多同学对这个语法知识一直是处于比较懵的状态。
其实只要掌握非谓语所充当成分的用法就可以运用自如了。
非谓语,顾名思义就是不做谓语的动词的变化形式,即to do ,doing,done。
除了谓语,句子成分中还有主语、宾语、表语、宾语补足语、定语和状语。
下面看看不定式(to do)充当这6种成分的用法:一、不定式作主语1.To see is to believe. (这种情况不常用)2. It is important to learn English well.It 是形式主语,真正的主语是 to learn English well. 这种用法是常用的而且是考点!考点!考点!二、不定式作表语:常说明主语的内容、性质和特征或表动作将要发生。
1. My job is to keep the children safe.2.My task is to type the article.三、不定式做宾语1.He prefers to eat white bread and rice.2.He wants to play football.3.动词feel, find, make, think等后面,可以用it作形式宾语代替真正的宾语——动词不定式,句子结构是...feel / find / make / ... it+adj. / n.+to do...。
如:I find it difficult to remember everything.常接动词不定式作宾语的动词有:(需要记住)agree, afford, appear, ask, attempt;care, choose, claim;dare,decide,demand,deserve,determine;expect, fail, get, guarantee;hate, hesitate, hope, hurry;intend, learn, manage, offer,plan, prepare, pretend, promise;refuse, seem, tend, threaten;want, wish 等四、不定式做宾语补足语1.I'd invite her to have dinner at my house.2 . We should allow the children to choose their own clothes.Note 1: 带to的动词不定式作宾语补足语的动词主要有:要求允许提议(ask, allow, advise),期望邀请鼓励(expect, invite, encourage),教导告诉想要(teach, tell, want),等待希望愿意(wait for, wish, would like / love)。
动词不定式在句子中可以作主语

动词不定式在句子中可以作主语、宾语、表语、宾补、定语、状语、同位语和独立成分。
to be doing是进行时态,如They seemd to be talking abaot something important(他们似乎在谈论重要的事情).不定式谈论的动作同谓语动词的动作是同时发生的注意:不定式的复合结构作主语时,“ It be + 形容词 +of sb to do sth ”句型应表示人的特征的形容词,且可以转换成“ sb be + 形容词 +to do sth ”句型;而“ It +be + 形容词 +for sb to do sth “句型用于表示事情本身的特征,不能倒过来说。
如:It's foolish of Jimmy to make suc(转载自出国留学网,请保留此信息。
)h a decision.(=Jimmy is foolish to make such a decision)吉米做出这样的决定是愚蠢的。
六、“疑问词 + 动词不定式”结构“疑问词 + 动词不定式”相当于名词,可以在句子中作主语、宾语或表语。
如:The little girl didn't know what to do next. 那小女孩不知道下一步怎么办动词不定式的用法动词不定式(to do)是初中英语课本中的一个重点,也是中考必考查的一个项目。
下面我们对动词不定式做一简要归纳,以帮助同学们学习和参考。
动词不定式是由“to+动词原形”构成 (有时可以不带to)。
其否定形式是“not+动词不定式”(not不与助动词连用)。
它属于一种非谓语动词的形式,在句子中不能充当谓语,没有人称和数的变化,但它可以保留动词的性质,其本身可以带宾语或状语等附加成分(不定式和其附加成分称为不定式短语)。
动词不定式(短语)的句法功能非常广泛,在句中可作主语、宾语、补足语、表语、定语及状语等成分。
一、作主语(1)动词不定式作主语时,谓语动词常常用单数。
动词不定式有哪些基本用法?

动词不定式做宾语补足语:
例如:
1. I want you to tell me the truth.
2. The boss made workers work for
10 hours every day.
2013 · 漳州
动词不定式有哪些基本用法?
南京市第二十九中 董晓明
动词不定式能起名词、形容词和副词 的作用,可以做除谓语以外的各种成分 (主语、表语、宾语、宾语补足语、定语 和状语),还可以和疑问词连用。动词不 定式的结构是 to+动词原形,否定形式是 not to+动词原形。
动词不定式做主语:
例如:
1. To say something is one thing,
yourself.
A. to ask; write B. to ask; writing
C. ask ; writing
D. asking; to write
1.牢记与动词不定式搭配使用的动词和含有 动词不定式的句型 。 2.在读题时,同学们首先要充分读懂句子意 思,识别出含有动词不定式的短语和句型, 理解动词不定式在句中的作用。
to do is another thing.
2. To see is to believe.
注意: 动词不定式短语用作主语的句中,常
用含有形式主语 it 的句型来替换。
例如: It’s interesting to watch A bite of China.
2012 ·随州 It’s dangerousA ____ with the wild animals. A. for us to play C. for us playing B. of us playing D. of us to play
动词不定式可以作以上各种成分

主动形式被动形式一般式(not) to make (not) to be made完成式(not) to have made (not) to have been made进行式(not) to be making完成进行式(not) to have been making一作定语置于被修饰的名词或代词之后。
①The next train to arrive is from Washington. 表示将来的动作②Have you anything to be taken to your sister只有动宾关系,则需用被动语态③Do you have anything to say on the question 与被修饰词之间有动宾关系,同时与句中其它词之间又有逻辑上的主谓关系时,尽管有被动含义,却仍用主动语态④Would you please give me some paper to write on 与被修饰词之间有动宾关系,如是不及物动词,则需加介词不定式作定语时=定语从句,例①to arrive=that will arrive。
二、作表语不定式作表语表示具体动作或将来动作;动名词作表语表示抽象的一般行为。
①To be kind to the enemy is to be cruel to the people.当主语和表语都是不定式时,其含义一是条件,一是结果(例①)②My chief purpose is to point out the difficulties ofthe matter.③What I would suggest is to put off the meeting.当主语是aim,duty,hope,idea,mistake,plan,purpose,suggestion等为中心词(例②)时,或以what引导的名词性分句(例③),不定式说明主语的内容。
④Our work is serving the people.⑤What he likes is taking a walk after supper.④⑤句动名词作表语,与主语部分可以转换,如Serving thepeople is out work,-----------------------------------------------------------------⑥The story told by is interesting.而⑥句中是现在分词作表语,说明主语的性质、状态,三、作宾补1) 动词+宾语+不定式(to do)Advise allow appoint believe cause challenge command compel consider declare drive enable encourage find forbid force guess hire imagine impel induce inform instructinvite judge know like order permit persuade remind report request require select send state suppose tell think train trust understand urge warnFather will not allow us to play on the street.父亲不让我们在街上玩耍I found him lying on the ground. 用分词做宾补(现在分词表达主动,也表达正在进行,过去分词表达被动)=I found it important to learn. 先加形式宾语,再加形容词,最后加带to do=I found that to learn English is important. 带一个从句此类动词还有get,have。
英语动词不定式的成分和用法

英语动词不定式的成分和用法英语动词不定式(Infinitive)是一种非谓语动词形式,由“to + 动词原形”构成,可以在句子中担任多种成分。
以下是关于英语动词不定式的成分和用法的详细解释:一、成分1.主语:动词不定式可以在句子中作为主语,表示一个抽象的概念或行为。
例如,“To learn a foreign language is difficult.”(学习一门外语是困难的。
)2.表语:动词不定式可以作为表语,描述主语的特点或状态。
例如,“Mygoal is to become a doctor.”(我的目标是成为一名医生。
)3.宾语:动词不定式可以作为宾语,表示一个动作或行为。
例如,“I wantto go home.”(我想回家。
)4.定语:动词不定式可以作为定语,修饰名词或代词。
例如,“I have a lotof work to do.”(我有很多工作要做。
)5.状语:动词不定式可以作为状语,表示时间、原因、条件等。
例如,“Tosave mone y, I decided not to buy a new car.”(为了省钱,我决定不买新车。
)二、用法1.动词不定式的基本形式是“to + 动词原形”,其中“to”是标志词,无词义。
在句子中,它不受人称和数的限制,但有时态和语态的变化。
2.动词不定式的否定形式是在“to”前面加“not”。
例如,“I decided not to go.”(我决定不去。
)3.动词不定式可以带有逻辑主语,形成复合结构。
例如,“For him to dothat is impossible.”(对他来说做那件事是不可能的。
)4.有些动词后只能用动词不定式作宾语,如“want, wish, hope, decide,promise”等。
例如,“I want to buy a new car.”(我想买一辆新车。
)5.动词不定式可以和某些形容词连用,如“happy, glad, pleased, sorry”等。
英语动词不定式的成分和用法

英语动词不定式的成分和用法英语动词不定式由"to"加上动词原形构成,具有名词和动词的特性。
它可以作主语、宾语、表语、补语、定语等。
1.主语:动词不定式可以作为整个句子的主语。
例如:To study is important.(学习是重要的。
)2.宾语:动词不定式可以作为及物动词的宾语。
例如:She wants to go shopping.(她想要去购物。
)3.表语:动词不定式可以作为系动词的补语,用来说明主语的身份、性质、状态等。
例如:His dream is to become a doctor.(他的梦想是成为一名医生。
)4.同位语:动词不定式可以与名词或代词等形成同位语,用来对名词或代词进行解释、补充说明。
例如:The decision to cancel the event was made yesterday.(取消活动的决定是昨天做出的。
)5.定语:动词不定式可以用来修饰名词或代词,起到修饰、限定的作用。
例如:I have a book to read.(我有一本书要读。
)6.状语:动词不定式可以用来表示目的、原因、结果、条件等,起到状语的作用。
例如:He went to the store to buy some groceries.(他去商店买些杂货。
)动词不定式的用法:1.作为目的状语,表示动作或意图的目的。
例如:He studies hard to pass the exam.(他努力学习为了通过考试。
)2.作为原因状语,表示动作或意图的原因。
例如:He woke up early to catch the train.(他早起是为了赶火车。
)3.作为结果状语,表示动作或意图的结果。
例如:She ran fast to win the race.(她跑得快以赢得比赛。
)4.作为条件状语,表示条件。
例如:If you want to succeed, you have to work hard.(如果你想成功,你就得努力工作。
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主动形式被动形式一般式(not)to make (not)to be made完成式(not)to have made (not)to have been made进行式(not)to be making完成进行式(not)to have been making一作定语置于被修饰的名词或代词之后。
①The next train to arrive is from Washington. 表示将来的动作②Have you anything to be taken to your sister?只有动宾关系,则需用被动语态③Do you have anything to say on the question? 与被修饰词之间有动宾关系,同时与句中其它词之间又有逻辑上的主谓关系时,尽管有被动含义,却仍用主动语态④Would you please give me some paper to write on? 与被修饰词之间有动宾关系,如是不及物动词,则需加介词不定式作定语时=定语从句,例①to arrive=that will arrive。
二、作表语不定式作表语表示具体动作或将来动作;动名词作表语表示抽象的一般行为。
①To be kind to the enemy is to be cruel to the people.当主语和表语都是不定式时,其含义一是条件,一是结果(例①)②My chief purpose is to point out the difficulties ofthe matter.③What I would suggest is to put off the meeting.当主语是aim,duty,hope,idea,mistake,plan,purpose,suggestion等为中心词(例②)时,或以what引导的名词性分句(例③),不定式说明主语的内容。
④Our work is serving the people.⑤What he likes is taking a walk after supper.④⑤句动名词作表语,与主语部分可以转换,如Serving thepeople is out work,-----------------------------------------------------------------⑥The story told by Mr.Wang is interesting.而⑥句中是现在分词作表语,说明主语的性质、状态,三、作宾补1) 动词+宾语+不定式(to do)Advise allow appoint believe cause challenge command compel consider declare drive enable encourage find forbid force guess hire imagine impel induce inform instruct invite judge know like order permit persuade remind report request require select send state suppose tell think train trust understand urge warnFather will not allow us to play on the street.父亲不让我们在街上玩耍I found him lying on the ground. 用分词做宾补(现在分词表达主动,也表达正在进行,过去分词表达被动) =I found it important to learn. 先加形式宾语,再加形容词,最后加带to do=I found that to learn English is important. 带一个从句此类动词还有get,have。
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------2) to + be 的不定式结构,作宾补的动词。
Acknowledge, believe, consider, think, declare(声称), discover, fancy(设想), feel find, guess, judge, imagine, know, prove, see(理解), show, suppose, take(以为), understand We consider Tom to be one of the best students in our class.我们认为汤姆是班上最好的学生之一。
3) to be +形容词Seem, appear, be said, be supposed, be believed, be thought, be known, be reported, hope, wish, desire, want, plan, expect, mean…The book is believed to be uninteresting.人们认为这本书没什么意思。
4) there be+不定式believe, expect, intend, like, love, mean, prefer, want, wish, undrstandWe didn't expect there to be so many people there.我们没料到会有那么多人在哪里。
5)as 短语做补语,如regard, think believe, take, consider.Mary took him as her father . 玛丽把他当作自己的父亲。
四:作状语1)目的状语To… only to (仅仅为了), in order to, so as to,so(such)… as to… (如此……以便……)He ran so fast as to catch the first bus. 他飞快地跑以便赶上第一班车。
2)作结果状语,表事先没有预料到的,要放在句子后面。
What have I said to make you angry.3) 表原因I'm glad to see you.The chair looks rather hard, but in fact it is very comfortable to sit on当动词与介词连用时,常位于"形容词+动词不定式"结构的末尾。
五、作主语动词不定式作主语时,句子的谓语动词常用单数,其位置有以下两种:(1)把不定式置于句首。
如:To get there by bike will take us half an hour.(2)用it作形式主语,把真正的主语不定式置后3)当不定式作主语的句子中又有一个不定式作表语时,不能用It is… to…的句型(错)It is to believe to see. (对)To see is to believe. 百闻不如一见。
六、作宾语1) 动词+不定式Want to do be warned not to do被动2)动词+不定式=动词+宾语+不定式ask, beg, choose, expect , hate, help intend like, lov e, need prefer, prepare, promise, want, wish…I want to speak to Tom. 我想和汤姆谈话。
I want you to speak to Tom. 我想让你和汤姆谈话。
3)动词+疑问词+ to(疑问词带不定式在句中作成分时,谓语动词用单数)decide, know, consider forget, learn, remember, show, understand, see, wonder, hear, find out, explain, tellPlease show us how to do that. 请演示给我们如何去做。
The question is how to put it into practice.问题是怎样把它付诸实施。
4)有些动词只能跟不定式作宾语=接that引导的从句。
I decided to ask for my money back.I decided that I would ask for my money back.5)当复合宾语中的宾语是不定式时,先用形式宾语it代替不定式,把不定式置于补语之后,即:主语+动词+it+补语+to do句式。
He feels it his duty to help the poor.--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------(1)语态在There be结构中,修饰主语的不定式可用被动,也可用主动。
如:There are still many things to take care of (to be taken care of).但有时两种形式表达的意思不同,如:These is nothing to do now.( We have nothing to do now.) There is nothing to be done now.(We can do nothing now.)(2)时态1) 现在时:一般现在时表示的动词,有时与谓语动词表示的动作同时发生,有时发生在谓语动词的动作之后。
He seems to know this.I hope to see you again. = I hope that I'll see you again. 我希望再见到你。
2) 完成时:表示的动作发生在谓语动词表示的动作之前。
.He seems to have caught a cold.3) 进行时:表示动作正在进行,与谓语动词表示的动作同时发生。
He seems to be eating something.4) 完成进行时:She is known to have been wreaking on the problem for many years.疑问词+不定式结构疑问词who,what,which,when,where,whether,how后可接不定式构成不定式短语,在句中作主语、宾语、表语等。