名词性从句的译法共22页
翻译培训 名词性从句的译法
宾语从句的译法
在把宾语从句译成汉语时，通常按 照句子的语序翻译即可。
有时也视具体情况对原文语序进行 调整。
例：
They proposed that we take certain precautions.
It +谓语+that从句
通常按原文句子结构顺序翻译，It 不 译出来。
例：
It seems that she is going to buy a car on installment.
她好像要用分期付款的方式购买汽车。
It goes without saying that plants cannot grow without sunlight. 不言而喻，没有阳光，植物就不能生长。
Enthusiasm means that your are stimaulated by your work, and are able to find new challenges and keep growing professionally. But most jobs have some elements that are less fun and more difficult to carry out. This is where passion really comes into play. When you love that you do, it isn’t too difficult to get the job done. The hard part is performing equally well in those less interesting tasks.
名词从句的译法
名词从句的译法一、主语从句（一）、以what, whatever, whoever等代词引导的主语从句翻译时一般可按原文顺序翻译（二）、以it作形式主语所引出的真主语，翻译时视情况可以提前，也可以不提前。
二、宾语从句（一）、以what, whatever, whoever等代词引导的主语从句翻译时一般可按原文顺序翻译（二）、以it作形式主语所引出的真主语，翻译时视情况可以提前，也可以不提前。
三、表语从句四、同位语从句（一）、同位语从句汉译时不提前（二）、同位语从句提前（三）、增加“即”（或“以为”）或用冒号、破折号分开五、用单词、短语作同位语的译法。
（一）、说明身份、称号的英语同位语往往被放在专有名词面，汉译时一般放在前面。
（二）、限制性同位语以及用形容词、数词等作进一步说明的同位语在英语中往往放在本位语后面，汉译时一般无需改变位置。
（三）、原文中有些同位语，汉译时往往需要做适当扩充或加破折号、冒号等。
名词从句的译法一、主语从句（一）、以what, whatever, whoever等代词引导的主语从句翻译时一般可按原文顺序翻译What he told me was only half-truth.他告诉我的只是半真半假的东西而已。
Whatever he saw and heard on his trip gave him a very deep impression.他此行的所见所闻都给他留下了深刻的印象。
Whoever has made a voyage up the Hudson must remember the Kaatskill Mountains.凡是在哈德孙河上游航行过的人是一定记得卡兹吉尔群山的。
Whether we did or didn’t choose to carry them was up to us.我们是否要带着些东西，由我们自己决定。
（二）、以it作形式主语所引出的真主语，翻译时视情况可以提前，也可以不提前。
第二十一讲 名词性从句的翻译1
38. Through many years’ practice of teaching foreign language, I have derived a new experience that translation is the best possible approach to studying English. --通过多年的外语教学经验，我获得了一条新经验：翻 译是学习英语的最好办法。
要打破“金要足赤”的形而上学的错误思想。
翻译 HY
C.把同位语译成独立的句子，在其前加“即”，或在名 词之后用冒号或破折号引出同位语从句。
37. We are familiar with the idea that all matter consists of atoms. --我们都熟悉这样一个概念，即一切物质均由原子组成。
翻译 HY
39.They marvel at the fact China did it all on its own.
他们对这个事实感到十分惊讶——所有一切都是中国 凭自己的力量完成的。 40. He was allowed to go climbing on condition that he kept near his teachers and classmates.
翻译 HY
III. 表语从句的译法
一般情况可以按原文译出。
26. That’s what we should do.
这正是我们的本分 27. The question which worries everyone today is: how long will these fuels last? 今天人人都担心的问题是：这些燃料能维持多久？
翻译 HY
名词性从句的翻译
名词性从句的翻译英语的名词性从句包括主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。
翻译的时候，大多数可以按照原文的句子顺序翻译成相应的汉语译文。
但有时候也需要采用其他翻译方法来灵活处理。
一、主语从句1）以关联词what, whatever, whoever, when, where, how, why或从属连词that, whether等词引导的主语从句，一般可以按照英文原句的顺序来翻译，即一般放在句首，作为主从复合句的主语。
例如：What he told me was a sheer lie.他对我说的全是谎言。
Whatever I saw and heard on my trip left me a very deep impression.一路上的所见所闻给我留下了深刻的印象。
Whoever has made a trip to Huangshan must remember the clouds there.凡是去过黄山的人都不会忘记黄山的云。
Whether an organism is a plant or an animal sometimes taxes the brain of a biologist.一种生物究竟是植物还是动物，有时会让生物学家颇伤脑筋。
2) 对于it作形式主语的主语从句，可以先译主句，顺译为无人称句。
有时也可先译从句，再译主句，这样的话，一般需要在主句前加译“这”。
需要注意的是，如果强调it，可以将其译出；如果不需要强调，也可不译。
例如：It is strange that she should have failed to see her own shortcomings.真奇怪，她竟然看不出自己的缺点。
It seemed incredible that she should have lied to us.她居然对我们说谎，这真是不可思议。
It doesn’t make much difference to me whether you come or not.你来不来我不在乎。
三、英译汉基础翻译要点——名词从句的译法ppt课件
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❖ 例1．It is a matter of common experience that bodies are lighter in water than they are in air.
❖ 物体在水中比在空气中轻，这是一种大家 共有的经验。
❖ 例2．It is common sense that a liquid has no definite shape, but it has a definite volume.
❖ That is why the “know-all” is ridiculous.
❖“知识里手”之所以可笑，原因就在 这个地方。
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6.4 同位语从句
❖英语中的同位语从句与其所修饰的 名词处于同等的地位，只作进一步 解释的作用，汉译时一般用下述方 法处理。
❖ A．同位语从句不提前，如：
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❖3．以it作形式主语而主句的谓语是 被动语态的句子，一般宜转译为主 动语态，可译为“据…..”或补上泛 指主语“有人”、“大家”、“人 们”等，主语从句保留原文的语序。 如：
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❖例1．It is reported that the meeting will be held in June.
❖例2．That substances expand when
heated and contract when cooled is a
common physical phenomenon. 物质
热长冷缩是一个普通的物理现象。Biblioteka 最新版整理ppt3
例3．What the students find most difficult in a foreign language is its idiomatic usage.学 生感到，一种外语最困难的地方是它的习惯
课件10 名词性从句的翻译
3) 加入冒号、破折号和 “这样”、“这一”、“即”等字眼
But
considering realistically, we had to face the fact that our prospects were less than good. 但在实事求是地考虑一番之后，我们不得不正 视这样一个事实：我们的前景并不妙。 Influenced by these ethics, the new generation live under the delusion that money does not stink. 受这种道德观念的影响，青年一代生活在这样 一种错觉中，以为金钱总是香喷喷的。
Most
remarkable of all is the fact that each question was decidedly consensus, thus enhancing prospects that the treaty will win approval when it comes up for ratification.
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宾语从句
以that,
what, how引导的 宾语从句 句
以it作形式宾语的宾语从
1) 以that, what, how引导的宾语从句
一般按原句顺序翻译
I
told him that I had to turn him down. 我告诉他我不得不拒绝他。 Did you hear what I said? 你没听见我的话吗？ I told him how appealing I found the offer. 我告诉他，这个机会对我有着多么大的吸引 力。
2) 译为类似定语的结构或独立句
名词性从句翻译PPT课件
• 连接代词 what, which, who, whom, whose • 连接副词when, where, why及how等引导。
• 翻译时，一般采用顺译法，即把主语从句译在句首。
• When the rocket was invented is said in a book “English for Today”.
• 你为什不让他注意到你已经病得厉害不能 继续工作了？
表语从句
• 引导表语从句的连词与引导主语从句的连 词相同。表语从句一般采用顺译法，即先 译主语后译从句。
Example
• The trouble was they couldn’t agree among themselves.
• 问题是他们内部意见都不能统一。
写在最后
成功的基础在于好的学习习惯
The foundation of success lies in good habits
结束语
当你尽了自己的最大努力时，失败也是伟大的， 所以不要放弃，坚持就是正确的。
When You Do Your Best, Failure Is Great, So Don'T Give Up, Stick To The End 演讲人：XXXXXX 时 间：XX年XX月XX日
• 书销售如何取决于作者本人。
• My question is who will take over president of the Foundation.
• 我的问题是谁将接任该基金会主席职位
• The fact that he has not been seen recently disturbs everyone in his office.
4种名词性从句的翻译方法
• In July 1898, Curie and her husband got a great success that they discovered the radioactive element—polonium.
• 你来不来我不在乎。
• It seemed incredible that she should have lied to us. • 她居然对我们说谎，这真是不可思议。
• It is strange that she should have failed to see her own shortcomings.
works.【主谓结构作定语】
这是关于这台新型电气仪表如何运作的说明。
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同位语从句
常用连词that或链接副词来 引导，用以对某个名词作进 一步的解释或说明。翻译时 也可采取不同的方法。
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• 方法一：把同位语从句译成汉语联合复句中的一个分句。
• It was from these slender indications of scholarship that Dr. Weldon drew the conclusion that I was worthy to pass into Harrow.
绕着人工湖跑步的一个好处，就是不能抄近路回家。
The fact is that electronic computer are of great benefit to the development of science and technology.【主谓结构】 事实是电子计算机十分有利于科学技术的发展。