上海市金山区2020届高三下学期第二次模拟 英语试题(含答案)
2020上海金山高三英语二模I.Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1. A. In a hospital. B. In a school.C. In a kindergarten.D. In a tourist office.2. A. Improving her cooking skills. B. Tasting the food made by Tom.C. Having a picnic.D. Showcasing her talents to Tom.3. A. Supportive. B. Hesitant.C. Indifferent.D. Disapproving.4. A. In January. B. Until winter vacation.C. During Christmas season.D. Right now.5. A. The foundation of the theatre. B. A change to the theatre.C. The removal of the seats.D. The figure of the audience.6. A. It can help to find the patients easilyB. It can record patients' conditions.C. It gives patients medical advice.D. It makes records available to doctors and nurses.7. A. He doesn't want to draw.B. He prefers to make the labor division himself.C. He is good at drawing.D. He is happy because he doesn't have to draw.8. A. The key to the woman's success.B. The changes on the market.C. The management of the woman's company.D. The feeling of being a manager.9. A. To paint the doors. B. To paint the ceiling.C. To continue his job.D. To take the job home10. A. Because she is accustomed to the food there.B. Because the food is better there than at the school dining hall.C. Because it is a quiet place.D. Because they can't go to the school dining hall.Section BDirections: In Section B, you will hear several passages and longer conversations, after each passage or conversation, you will be asked several questions. The passages and the conversations will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 to 13 are based on the following passage.11. A. Factors determining intelligence.B. A story of identical twins.C. The importance of intelligence.D. How to get a higher IQ.12. A. Because only one could enter college.B. Because they were abandoned by their parents.C. Because their parents died when they were only babies.D. Because the psychologists did an experiment researching human intelligence.13. A. John got a better education than his identical brother. Peter.B. Children growing up in wealthy families are smarter.C. Environment is important to the development of one's intelligence.D. An isolated community has more educational opportunities.Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.14. A. Unwrapping a new album.B. Having a newly-bought car.C. Entering a newly-purchased house.D. Having access to an online account.15. A. It is nice to share the account on Amazon.B. The sharing economy makes full use of cars.C. Consumers consider ownership more important than access.D. The sharing economy makes clear relationship between consumers and products.16. A. The sharing economy develops car manufacturing.B. It is good for environment to increase the usage of goods.C. The sharing economy reshapes the market and benefits people.D. In the sharing economy, companies bridge the gap between people and resources.Questions 17 and 18 are based on the following conversation.17. A. Products.B. Locations.C. Coffee making techniques.D. Staff quality.18. A. She made a questionnaire.B. She talked with customers.C. She wrote a handbook for the employeesD. She applied for a job at Starbucks.19. A. Customers are especially concerned about the service of a cafe.B. The more expensive the coffee beans and milk, the better the coffee is.C. Customers want more varieties of coffee.D. Customers rely on the brand image when they are making choices.20. A. Because the manual will be the latest version.B. Because it will tell customers detailed product information.C. Because it includes important policies and procedures.D. Because employees enjoy reading it.II. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.A ban on distracted walkingYou can’t walk down the street without passing so-called “smart-phone zombies（僵尸）.”They are too absorbed in their screen (21) _________ (watch) where they are going. Almost four in ten people admit having suffered a technology-related small accident (22) _________ they pay more attention to their electronic device than to the pavement.Now the city of Honolulu, Hawaii, has decided it’s time to take immediate action and make it illegal to cross the road while using a mobile phone. Those (23) _________ (catch) using phones, tablets or other electronic devices at crossing points could face a fine of up to$ 100.Honolulu is the first major U. S. city to ban (24) _________ is called “distracted walking.” It comes after a study found there (25) _________ (be) more than 11,000 injuries in the United States resulting from phone-related distraction while walking in the past few years.To explain the decision, mayor Kirk Caldwell said, “We hold the unfortunate honor of being a major city (26) _________ more pedestrians are hit in crosswalks than almost any other city in the country.”Under the fine systems. (27) _________ breaks this law for the first time will get a fine of $15 to $35. People breaking the law for a second or third time will get a $99 fine.The law, which is called the Distracted Walking Law, does permit an exception. Pedestrians (28) _________ use such devices in the street to call emergency services and rescue workers, such as firefighters and police officers.If you still want to text while walking, you could avoid (29) _________ (fine) in Honolulu by using a voice-controlled digital assistant such as Siri or Google Assistant. Or you could just wait (30) _________ you are again, safely, off the street.Section BDirections: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.Giving kids allowances in the smart-phoneAllowances are a constant. No matter how much technology interferes with the parent-child relationship, kids still want money and parents still want to impart（赋予）a basic work ethic. But putting stickers on chore（日常事务）charts and dropping coins in piggy banks don’t cut it with the smart-phone generation.Parents in search of more _____31_____ ways to teach children the value of money areturning to allowance-tracking apps, where kids can see their ______32______ rise and fall in real time.Bonnie Koon, a mother of three in Crawfordville, Fla., used to post a calendar on her refrigerator _____33______ her kids chores, to the embarrassment of her 16-year-old twins. After seeing a Facebook ad for the app Green-light, she ____34_____ it.Green-light links to parents’ bank accounts so that the payout can be seamless. Parents can encourage saving by paying interest on the money that isn’t spent ____35____ -- interest out of the parents’ own pockets, of course.It’s the first taste of ____36____ freedom for many kids, and it’s set in a relatively safe environment. Parents can determine spending limits and choose the retailers（零售商）where a child can make _____37_____. If a child attempts to buy something at an unapproved store or to spend more than the limit, the transaction（交易）is _____38_____ and parents get a notification. And if a kid loses the card, parents can immediately cancel it from the app.One of Ms. Koon’s twins. Brenna, works part time at a restaurant. She’s putting half of her pay check into a car-insurance savings fund she set up in the app, whit the goal of saving $450 by July. With each _____39______, the app gives Brenna a progress update.Some parents might worry that relying on apps to get kids to do chores only encourages them to be on their phones more. But parents who have chosen this approach argue that they are meeting their kids where they are and that it takes the _____40_____ nagging（唠叨）out of the equation. The real-time look at their accounts makes the concepts of saving and spending more tangible than reviewing a bank statement.III. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.If you like to take a walk in the woods in the United States or you prefer to decorate a tree at Christmas, you should know that climate change is making both of those activities a lotmore ____41____.Looking at two ____42____ and economically important species -- the Douglas fir and the Ponderosa pine -- scientists found that fires and drought _____43_____ by climate change make new growth difficult, especially in low-elevation forests, according to a study published Monday in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences.Some forests in four regions in California, Colorado, the Northern Rockies and the southwestern part of the United States have crossed “a(n) ____44____ climate tipping（转折）point for post-fire tree generation,” the study says.Climate conditions over the past 20 years have _____45_____ changes that would have taken decades or even centuries to ____46____ across broad regions of the country. This is leading to the sudden _____47_____ of trees and making these lands increasingly unsuitable for tree regeneration.“Climate changes is _____48_____ our forests now, not just in some distant future. Maybe in areas where there are really _____49_____ seed sources, there could be some trees, but it is becoming really hard to get these trees back due to climate change,”said study co-author Kim Davis.The problem probably won’t get any better, as climate change is making intense wildfires much more _____50_____. Western foresters say there used to be a fire season. But devastating and ____51____ fires have become a reality all year long. In 2018, fire cost California more than $9.05 billion, according to the USA insurance commissioner, the deadliest and most destructive wildfires season in the ______52______ history.A higher number of fires and low seed availability means a high probability that these trees in these regions won’t come back, Davis said. This study _____53______ on the driest and hottest areas of the Western forests, but researchers will next try to focus on how much will be impacted._____54____, there are some things people can do to ease some of this problem. Forest management plans that reduce high-severity burns can help. Increasingly, forest managers are considering allowing some fires to burn under more moderate conditions, Davis said, Forest_____55_____.41. A. convenient B. difficult C. encouraging D. frustrating42. A. ecologically B. apparently C. physically D. financially43. A. destroyed B. worsened C. extended D. established44. A. necessary B. enormous C. critical D. invisible45. A. accelerated B. delayed C. eliminated D. strengthened46. A. transform B. spread C. preserve D. escape47. A. extinction B. decline C. tragedy D. increase48. A. sustaining B. abandoning C. facilitating D. endangering49. A. sufficient B. limited C. moderate D. approximate50. occasional B. common C. essential D. temporary51. A. astonishing B. hopeless C. costly D. irreversible52. A. world B. state C. human D. forest53. A. concentrated B. depended C. insisted D. commented54. A. As a result B. For example C. In fact D. What’s more55. A. savers B. managers C. researchers D. advocatesSection BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)EU members’states have agreed to ban a toxic substance widely found in clothing because it poses an “acceptable risk”to the environment. Countries voted in favor of extending existing restrictions on nonylphenol ethoxylates (NPE) to imports to clothing and other textile products.The measure is intended to protect species in water. Use of NPE in textile manufature in Europe was banned over 10 years ago but the substance is still released into the water environment through imported textiles being washed.NPE degrades in the environment into substances including nonylphenol (NP), which accumulates in the bodies of fish and disturbs their hormones, harming fertility, growth and sexual development.NPE is used in textile manufacture as a cleaning and dyeing agent. The EU decision notes that several studies have found NPE to be present in textile items.A 2011 study by Greenpeace found NPE in two-thirds of clothes tested, including items sold by big-name brads such as Adidas, H&M, Lacoste, and Ralph Lauren. The NGO (Non-Governmental Organizations) argued that although concentrations of NPE found in the clothes were low, the chemical’s existence in the environment posed a risk.The new ban on textiles containing NPE in concentrations equal to or greater than 0.01% will enter into force five years after it is adopted by the European Commission, which is likely to happen in September.In comments submitted to ECHA (European Chemicals Agency), clothing and textile firms have warned that obeying the restriction will be difficult because NPE ubiquitous in the supply chain and has numerous uses.The new restriction will not apply to second-hand goods or recycled textiles because it is assumed that these will already have been washed several times so they contain negligible（微不足道的）amounts of NPE.EU countries must eliminate pollution of water bodies by NP as it is a priority substance under the Water Framework Directive. A 2013 study by the UK environment agency warned that emissions from textiles could prevent progress towards this objective. It found 29% of imported cotton underwear contained NPE, which was released during the first two washes by the consumer.56. The 2011 study by Greenpeace found _________.A. 29% of imported cotton underwear contained NPEB. NPE had limited effects on aquatic speciesC. NPE was widely present in textile productsD. clothes of good quality had no concentrations of NPE57. What’s the possible meaning of the underlined part “is ubiquitous” is Paragraph 7?A. is legally protectedB. is not easy to be foundC. seems to be every whereD. is uncommon58. What can we learn from the text?A. The original ban on use of NPE was very effective.B. Recycled textile contain less NPE.C. The new ban on imports of textile has come into force.D. The UK environment agency is optimistic about the new ban.59. Which section of the website does the text come from?A. lifestyleB. technology.C. Business.D. Environment.(B)LettersComments on the March Issue60. How did Antia Lawrence react to her husband’s diagnosis?A. She felt very painful.B. She gained some life lessons.C. She paid more attention to her own health.D. She showed deep sympathy for her husband.61. According to Sam Kieffer’s letter, what can be learn about John All?A. He is an expert in mountaineeringB. He wrote the article entitled Trapped Inside a Glacier.C. Not all people could survive in the same situation as he did.D. His story is the best one that Sam Kieffer has ever read in Reader’s Digest.62. Who is likely to disagree with what is said in the commented article?A. Edward Deckerd.B. Antia Lawrence.C. Sam Kieffer.D. Janet Toole(C)What makes us love some things and hate others? We know that sometimes even the tiniest change can result in a huge difference in how we perceive something, so is there any rhyme or reason to our tastes and preferences? Here are three factors which play a role.1. Conforming to expectationIn London a few years ago, two talented rappers called Silibil N’ Brains took to the stage to perform at a music industry show for unsigned bands. They were an instant hit. Their outrageous West Coast - American style, brilliant rap lyrics and couldn’t - care - less attitude had the music industry’s talent spotters falling over themselves to sign the pair. In a short space of time, Silibil N’ Brains had a deal with a top management company, a contract with a major record label and an advance of $70,000 -- and they hadn’t even made a record. Before long, they were on tour with Eminem and out partying with Madonna. They were living the dream.But two years ago the same two rappers were laughed off stage by the same talent spotters for singing the same sons. So what was the difference? Amazingly, it was their accent. You see, Silibil N’ Brains weren’t, in fact, from West Coast U. S. A. at all. They were from Dundee in Scotland. During the first audition they had used their Scottish accents when rapping and it had not gone down well. “They just laughed at us,” recalled Brains. “We were heartbroken. We went back to Scotland with our tail between our legs”. The lesson for them was that to succeed, you have to conform to expectations and at that time everyone expected rappers to be American.2. The benefit of hindsightSome people are simply ahead of their time. It’s common knowledge that Vincent van Gogh sold only one painting in his lifetime -- the other 900 or so were unknown and unloved until after his death. Monet’s paintings. at least in his early career, was considered incomplete and ugly by critics at the time, while Vermeer, the painter of Girl With a Pearl Earring, evenhad to use his mother-in-law as a guarantor when he borrowed money -- so unable was he to sell any of his work! Now that public taste has caught up with these artists, more or less anything they touched has an astronomical price tag attached to it. Perhaps the reason is that it just takes a while to get used to something -- after all, not all beauty is obvious at first sight.3. A reassuring price tagIn a world where the range of products on offer can be completely bewildering, we often look to price as an indication of quality. We may think we prefer the expensive wine to the cheap one, but we may simply be influenced by the price tag. Even professionals can make the mistake. A researcher from the University of Bordeaux in France took an average bottle of red wine and poured it into two empty bottles, on with an expensive label and the other with a cheap one. Then he invited 57 wine “experts” to taste the wine. Forty of them recommended the wine from the expensive bottle, describing it as “agreeable”, “complex”, “balanced” and “rounded.”while the same wine from the expensive bottle, describing it as “agreeable”, “complex”, “balanced”and “rounded,”while the same wine from the cheap bottle was described as “weak” and “flat”, with only 12 of the experts recommending it. The study made the researcher unpopular with the French wine tasters, but he did prove that price has a significant impact on taste.63. Which of the following statements about Silibil N’ Brains is true?A. Talent spotters fell in love with them at first sight.B. They are from the West Coast of AmericaC. Their success was attributed to behaving and sounding like American rappers.D. They were friends with famous stars like Madonna even before they succeeded.64. The underlined phrases “with our tail between our legs” indicates that _________.A. their first audition proved a failureB. they felt proud of their performanceC. they learned a valuable lessonD. being humble might contribute to their future success65. We an infer from the second factor that ________.A. some artists are better known when they are alive than when they are deadB. public taste usually falls behind famous artistsC. beauty at first sight lasts much longerD. Monet’s paintings are priceless because of their incompleteness66. What can we learn from the last paragraph?A. A price tag always fails to indicate the quality of a product.B. A price tag is less likely to confuse customers than the packaging.C. Low price will make the wine unpopular with tastersD. A price tag will cloud a person’s judgement of something.Section CDirections: Read the following. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.Are Bamboo-Eating Pandas Really Herbivores?On the outside, giant pandas look like herbivores（食草动物）. They spend nearly all of their waking hours eating bamboo. But on the inside, they’re built like carnivores（食肉动物）. About half of the calories they eat come from protein, according to a new study.The ancestor of giant pandas were omnivorous（杂食的）. They are both animals and plants, and had the digestive system and gut bacteria to metabolize（使发生新陈代谢）them. They had “umami taste receptors,” to appreciate the flavors of meat.However, about 2.4 million years ago, things began to change. _____67_____ Their jaw and teeth evolved to help them crush bamboo, and their wrist bone became capable of grasping the stalks（杆）of their favorite plant. Scientists think pandas switched to eating bamboo partly because they didn’t have to fight with other animals to get it. Bamboo is high in fiber but has a low concentration of nutrients, so pandas have to eat 20 to 40 pounds of the plant every day just to get by.David Raubenheimer, a nutritional ecologist at the University of Sydney, and his colleagues put GPS trackers on two giant pandas and followed their movement throughout the year. They discovered that the pandas followed the protein. _______68______ At the start of the cycle, they ate Bashania fargesii leaves until they got the chance to feast on young shoots, which contained more protein.The more the shoots grew, the more their protein was diluted（冲淡）by fiber. That caused the pandas to move to higher ground, where Fargesia qinlingensis grew. First, they ate the shoots, but these, too, went from being protein - rich to fiber-rich as they grew. The panda responded by switching to the leaves. ______69______ The researchers found that about half of the calories the pandas ate were in the form of protein._______70_______ “They can know exactly where to go, and when to go, so they can get the most of the nutrients that their ecosystem can provide,” said Silvia Pineda - Munoz, who was not involved in the study.The work also shows that classifying an animals as herbivore or carnivore is more complex than one might sassume. “It’s not whether you’re eating plants but what of the plants you’re eating,” said Pineda - Munoz.IV. Summary WritingDirections: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.71. Herbal MedicineHerbal medicine, which has been used for medicinal purposes, is the use of plants to treat diseases. Many herbalists use the entire plant, from the flowers, stems, leaves, and roots, in the form of everything from teas to pills. These plants contain natural, chemical things that can treat the body for a variety of diseases, such as allergies, asthma, rheumatoid arthritis, migraine, chronic fatigue, and cancer, among others.Nowadays an increasing number of people prefer to adopt these plants to treat their diseases because, compared with chemical medicine, herbal medicine has its own advantages. Herbal medicine and remedies are more effective than chemical medicine for certain diseases. The chemical medicine given by a chemist could have certain negative side effects. However, many of the herbal medicine and remedies to not have negative side effects. If any, they are softer than chemical medicine. Obesity is the cause of many of the health problems. Herbal medicine can help weight loss more effectively and improve overall health.However, the cure using herbal medicine and supplements would take some time, and therefore people are supposed to possess enough patience. Worse still, herbal medicine contains a variety of ingredients and people have to be sure that their body agrees with the ingredients and that it is not allergic（过敏）.A point worth mentioning here is that herbal remedies and medicine for certain illnesses may have negative side effects. These side effects may not be shown at once, but would take months or even years. In the early stages, if the herbal medicine is not agreeing with you, it is wise to stop using it.When used correctly and directed by doctors, herbs can help treat a variety of disease. But keep in mind that the herbal medicine industry is not regulated, so herbal products are often misleading and may contain additives that are not listed on the label. Some herbs may causeallergic reactions or interact with other drugs, and some are poisonous if used improperly or at high doses. Taking herbs on your own increases your risk.V. TranslationDirections:Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.72. 一闻到这种蛋糕的味道我就总会想起童年。
2019-2020学年上海市金山中学高三英语第二次联考试题及参考答案
2019-2020学年上海市金山中学高三英语第二次联考试题及参考答案第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AI truly thought thatI might die that day. Had I not seen three bears and a few wolves over the last couple of days near the road, I might have just lain down and called it quits. What in the world was I thinking, dragging my bike up to Yellowstone and thinking I could ride from West Yellowstone to Old Faithful in the snow? No less!I had planned this trip for more than two months, and I wasn't about to give up so easily. The first few miles were beautiful. Ten miles in, I started sucking wind. Fifteen miles and my legs felt like they were made of lead. By twenty miles, my lungs were burning and felt like there was nothing left in the tank. That was when I turned around and saw my husband and three children cheering me on in the van behind me. I knew I couldn't quit because I tell my children all the time that just because something is hard doesn't mean that you stop doing it. I had to live what I'd been preaching(说教). That thought got me up that mountain and to the end of the ride.The importance of that ride was apparent after only a week. My eight-year-old daughter Emalee wanted to ride in a twelve-mile charity ride. That day was cold as well. She was the youngest rider. About four miles into the ride, she started feeling cold. The chill(寒冷)was making her muscles cramp a little and she began to struggle. By six miles, she had tears running down her face. It broke my heart to see her suffering like that.I told herthat she didn't have to finish. She said that she wouldn't quit. I told her how I had wanted to quit the week before, but perseverance had gotten me to the end and I knew she could do it, too.The look on her face as she pulled into the finish was priceless. She threw her arms around me and said, “You didn't quit, Mommy, so neither did I.”1. What motivated the author to finish her ride?A. Her family's encouragement.B. Her own instruction for children.C. The beautiful scenery and weather.D. The careful and thorough preparation.2. By describing the conditions Emalee met, the author wanted to________.A. show her guilt for her daughterB. prove that riding is a tough taskC. persuade her daughter to give upD. indicate she was proud of Emalee3. What does the author want to tell us according to the story?A. Never say die.B. Do nothing by halves.C. Children are what the mothers are.D. Every mother's child is handsome.BEmojis are very popular among mobile phone and social media users. While there are emojis of almost every kind imaginable, from dinosaurs to joyful tears and eggplants, there is no emoji for forgiveness. Seeing the need to show understanding, aFinnish group decided it was time for a "forgiveness" emoji.Every year, the Unicode Consortium, which sets the standards, adds new emojis to the emoji keyboard on mobile phones and computers. In 2019, the Forgivemoji campaign was launched. Forgivemoji's site made an open call to the public to give their designs for a new forgiveness emoji, with the goal of presenting the symbol to the Unicode Consortium and getting it accepted by people.Tuomo Pesonen, communications director of the Unicode Consortium, explained why the forgiveness emoji isindispensablein today's world. “In our modern communication culture, emojis are an important way of expressing human feelings beyond words.” The campaign gained popularity, reaching over two million people around the world. They received many designs, including a bandaged heart, two holding hands, and people from different cultures hugging.After hundreds of people offered their ideas for this emoji, the winner was announced in February 2020. Former Finnish president Tarja Halonen was selected to choose the winner as she has been important in building bridges between people. The emoji that will be presented to the Unicode Consortium is an image of two hands giving a thumbs-up symbol in front of a heart. If the Unicode Consortium accepts the design, it will become available to the public in late 2021.The Forgivemoji campaign goes far beyond having a strong influence on social media. The message of showing forgiveness and understanding is helpful for the world at large.4. What's the idea behind the Fogivemoji campaign?A. people develop pleasant habits.B. To get people more friendly to each other.C. To pick a forgiveness emoji for the public to use.D. To make mobile phones and computers more convenient to use.5. What does the underlined word “indispensable” in Paragraph 3 mean?A. Necessary.B. Different.C. Changeable.D. Interesting.6. Why was Tarja Halonen selected to choose the winner for the campaign?A. She launched the campaign herself.B. She designed the most popular emoji.C. She was familiar with the emoji history.D. She played an important role in relating people.7. What can be the best title for the text?A. Forgiveness is important for peopleB. Emoji for forgiveness is on the wayC. Emojis are becoming interestingly popularD. Finnish people explore the stories of emojisCThe shade of a single tree can provide welcome relief from the hot summer sun. But when that single tree is part of a small forest, it creates a considerable cooling effect. According to a study published today in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, trees play a big role in keeping our cities cool.According to the study, the right amount of tree cover can lower summer daytime temperatures by as much as 10 degrees Fahrenheit. And the effect is quite noticeable from neighborhood to neighborhood, even down to the scale of a single city block. “We knew that cities are warmer than the surrounding countryside, but we found that temperatures vary just as much within cities,” says Monica Turner, a professor in the department of Integrative Biology, Wisconsin-Madison University and a co-author of the study.With climate change making extreme heat events more common each summer, city planners are working on how to prepare. Heat waves drive up energy demands and costs and can have big human health impacts. One potentially powerful tool, the study's authors say, are organisms that have been around long before human civilizations could appreciate their leafy benefits. And those trees may be the secret to keeping the places we live livable.Essentially, says Turner, roads, sidewalks and buildings absorb heat from the sun during the day and slowlyrelease that heat at night. Trees, on the other hand, not only shade those surfaces from the sun's rays, they also release water into the air through their leaves, a process that cools things down.To get the maximum benefit of this cooling service, the study found that tree cover must be more than 40 percent. In other words, an aerial picture of a single city block would need to be nearly half-way covered by a leafy green network of branches and leaves.8. What can we infer from Paragraph 2?A. Temperatures in cities mainly depend on their green coverage.B. People living and working in cities must plant trees in summer.C. Cities are warmer than the countryside because they don't have trees.D. An area with more trees can be cooler than the other parts within a city.9. Which of the following problems is caused by extreme heat events?A. Severe damage of city facilities.B. Serious human health problems.C. Residents' growing demands for plants.D. Unnecessary waste of energy resources.10. Why are trees crucial to cities?A. They help shade and cool the cities.B. They make urban scenery beautiful.C. They build up city cooling systems.D. They essentially block and release heat.11. What can city planners conclude from the study?A. They should publish the study in a newspaper.B. They should educate citizens to protect forests.C. They should plant trees on roads and sidewalks.D. They should cover nearly half the city with trees.DA student had to get his long hair cut off in a middle school in GuangDong Province. It was talked a lot among teachers and students.In fact, all schools have their own rules. In most schools, boy students are not allowed to have long hair while girls are not allowed to dye their hair. And most school rules say that students should wear their school uniforms at school. And students must obey these rules so that they can get healthy development at school.But some students have disagreements. They think that boy students having long hair doesn't mean that they are not good students. They want to show their own personality. They think that they would look cool too if they had long hair and the hairstyles like their favorite stars.A girl student thought that she would look much more beautiful if she had brown hair. So she had her dark hair dyed brown one day. When she went back to school the next day, the teacher was very angry with her. She said that she worked hard at her lessons and did well in every subject. She just didn't know why the teacher didn't allow her to dye her hair while women teachers can.It is not wrong for teenagers to love stars' hairstyles or wear their favorite clothes. However, a school has its own rules for all the students to obey so that the school can be in good order. Students should not break the rules at school.12. What aren't boy students allowed to do in most middle schools according to this passage?A. To have long hair.B. To wear uniforms.C. To like famous stars.D. To show their own personalities.13. Why did the girl make her hair brown?A. Because she wanted to be cool.B. Because she thought that she would look much more beautiful.C. Because she wanted to make her teacher angry.D Because women teachers dyed their hair.14. What does the writer think of these school rules?A. The students should be against them.B. They are bad for students.C. They can make schools in good order.D. They can't make students grow healthily.15. What is the passage mainly about?A. Hair styles and clothes.B. Schoolboys and schoolgirls.C. Students and famous stars.D. School rules.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
上海市2020年第二次高考模拟考试英语试题及答案
上海市2020年第二次高考模拟考试英语试题及答案（试卷满分150分，考试时间120分钟）考生注意事项：1.答卷前，着生务必将自已的姓名、准考证号填写在答題卡上。
2.回蓉选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答題卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。
如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。
回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。
第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)（略）第二部分阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2分，满分30分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、BC和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
AWhy don’t quiet carriages work, and how might they be make to? Quiet carriages on trains are a nice idea: travelers voluntarily make their phones silent, turn stereos off and keep chatter to a minimum. However, in reality, there is usually at least one silly babbler(喋喋不休的人) to break the silence.A couple of problems prevent peaceful trips. First, there is a sorting problem: some passengers end up in the quiet carriage by accident and are not aware of the rules. Second, there is a commitment problem: noise is sometimes made by travelers who choose the quiet carriage but find an important call hard to ignore.The train operators are trying to find answers. Trains in Queensland Australia, are having permanent signs added to show exactly what is expected; a British operator has invested in some technology to prevent phone calls.Microeconomics suggests another approach. Fining people for making a noise would surely dissuade(劝阻) the polluter and is a neat solution in theory, but it requires costly monitoring and enforcement. Another way would be to use prices to separate quiet and noisy passengers－in effect, creating a market for silence. A simple idea would be to sell access to the quiet carriage as an optional extra when the ticket is bought. Making the quiet coach both an active choice and a costly one would dissuade many of those who don’t value a peaceful ride.Charging may also solve the commitment problem. This is particularly tricky, as attitudes to noise canchange during the journey. Some passengers would pay the quiet premium but still chatter away when some vital news arrives. Schemes that reward the silent－a rating system among fellow passengers, for example －could help. The idea is that losing your hard-won reputation offsets the short-term gain from using the phone. But such a system also fails the simplicity test.A 2010 book by George Akerlof and Rachel Kranton argues that “norms”－feelings about how everyone should behave－also play a role in decision-making. Charging a price, even if just a token amount, means the quiet carriage becomes a service that fellow passengers have bought, not just a preference they have expressed. Perhaps different norms would come into play, encouraging calm. If not, a personal bubble is always an option: noise-canceling headphones start at around $50.1. According to the passage, what does microeconomics suggest?A. Finding the source of noise.B. Putting a price on noise.C. Avoid using a phone in the carriage.D. Investing more money in monitoring and enforcement.2. By “a personal bubble is always an option,” the author means ________.A. one can make his own choiceB. one sh ould respect others’ privacyC. one can create his own personal spaceD. one should stick to his personal budget3. This passage is mainly about ________.A. people’s favoured transportationB. effective methods of monitoring noise levelsC. possible solutions to noise in train carriagesD. common forms of misbehavior of passengersBThe great-grandmother is learning English with the help of her family when she is at the age of 91. She hopes to use the language at next year’s Olympic Games in Tokyo. Takamiz awa was one of the more than 200, 00 people who requested to volunteer for Tokyo’s 2020 Games. English is not required for service, but it is a useful skill for volunteers to have.But Takamizawa had not been able to learn the language when she was young. Takamizawa said that she was in high school when World War Two started. She said, “In my second year there, English was banned because it was the enemy language.”Takamizawa said her grandchildren helped persuade her that she was not too old to learn. “Whe n I talked to my grandchildren about my wish, they said, ‘It’s not too late. We will teach you one word a day’ ”. Natsuko is Takamizawa’s granddaughter and main English teacher. Natsuko sends a new English word to her grandmother’s phone every day. They al so often work together directly on phrases that Takamizawa will need for the Olympics. “Welcome to Tokyo, this is the Olympic stadium, how can I help you?” Takamizawa answers when asked to say an English phrase she has learned. Natsuko explains that she wa nted to give her grandmother something to enjoy. “I can clearly see her English is getting better. It’s my joy now.”The EF English Proficiency Index is a measure of the level of English spoken in a country. Japan ranks 49th among countries where English is not the first language. This situation is slowly changing as younger generations welcome English. However, Takamizawa believes real change will not happen unless Japanese people become more open to the rest of the world. With around 500 days to go until the games begin, the whole Takamizawa family is ready to welcome the world to Tokyo.4. Why couldn’t Takamizawa learn English when she was young?A. Because English was useless.B. Because she was too young to learn English.C. Because English was forbidden to learn.D. Because she was unwilling to learn English.5. What can we know from the third paragraph?A. Takamizawa gets strong support from her family.B. Takamizawa’s grandchildren love her a lot.C. Natsuko is Takamizawa’s granddaughter and only Engl ish teacher.D. Natsuko teaches Takamizawa English mainly by talking with her.6. What does the underlined phrase “This situation” in Paragraph 4 refer to?A. English is not the first language in Japan.B. The level of English spoken in Japan is relatively low.C. Younger generations in Japan welcome English.D. Japanese people become open to the rest of the world.7. What is the main idea of the passage?A. Where there is a will, there is a way.B. It is never too late to learn.C. The early bird catches the worm.D. Two heads are better than one.CIt is generally acknowledged that young people from poorer socio-economic backgrounds tend to do less well in the education system. In an attempt to help the children of poor families, a nationwide program called “Headstart” was started in the US in 1965. A lot of money was poured into it. It took children into pre-school institutions at the age of three and was supposed to help them succeed in school. But the results have been disappointing , because the program began too late. Many children who entered it at three were already behind their peers in language and intelligence and the parents were not involved in the process. At the end of each day, “Headstart” children returned to the same disadvantaged hom e environment.To improve the results, another program was started in Missouri that concentrated on parents as the child,s first teachers. This program was based on research showing that working with the family is the most effective way of helping children get the best possible start in life. The four-year study included 380 families who were about to have their first child and represented different social-economic status, age and family structure. The program involved trained educators visiting and working with the parent or parents and the child. The program also gave the parents some guidance, and useful skills on child development.At three, the children involved in the “Missouri” program were evaluated with the children selected from the same socio-economic background and family situations. The results were obvious. The children in the program were more advanced in language development, problem solving and other intellectual skills than their peers. They performed equally well regardless of socio-economic backgrounds or family structure. The one factor that was found to affect the child,s development was the poor quality ofparent-child interaction. That interaction was not necessarily bad in poorer families.The “Missouri” program compares quite distinctly with the “Headstart” program. Without a similar focus on parent education and on the vital importance of the first three years, some evidence indicates that it will not be enough to overcome educational unfairness.8. What caused the failure of the “Headstart” program ?A. The large number of poor families.B. The disapproval from children.C. The late start of the program.D. The long period of time.9. What do we know about the “Missouri” program ?A. It focused on the children,s first school teachers.B. It helped the children return to the same home.C. It made the children improved in many aspects.D. It gave the parents advice on their development.10. According to the passage, what is likely to influence children,s performance ?A. The number of family members.B. The parent-child communication.C. The intelligence of their parents.D. The teacher-student relationship.11. How does the author develop the passage ?A. By listing figures.B. By making comparisons.C. By giving examples.D. By drawing conclusions.DWe’ve all been there: those times you need to argue your point of view to someone who you know disagrees with you. You immediately go to your keyboard and start to type out that 280-character tweet, the Facebook reply, or a paragraphs-long email. Surely the reason, logic, and strong power of your written words will convince whoever it is who disagrees with you to see your point of view. But new research suggests a different idea.That research was conducted by Juliana Schroeder, assistant professor of University of California, Berkeley, and her colleagues. In Schroeder’s study of almost 300 people, participants were asked to watch, listen, and read arguments about subjects they agreed or disagreed with. They were asked to judge the character of the communicator and the quality of the argument. Schroeder’s team found that the participants who watched or listened to the communicator were less dismissive (抵触的)of their claims than when they read that communicator’s same argument.The idea for her study came from a newspaper article about a politician. One of us read a speech that was printed in a newspaper from a politician with whom he strongly disagreed. The next week, he heard the exact same speech playing on a radio station. He was shocked by how different his reaction was toward the politician when he read the speech compared to when he heard it. When he read the statement, the politician seemed idiotic, but when he heard it spoken, the politician actually sounded reasonable.So in the workplace, speaking to someone in person often involves nothing more than walking a few doors down to their office. And that’s exactly what you should do if you need to con vince that boss or colleague of why your blueprint for the company or project is the right one.Only as a last way should you try to communicate with someone who you disagree with over social media. Twitter’s limited text allowance and social media users’ short attention make arguing your point anuphill battle.12. What’s the result of the research?A. Written words are more logical and reasonable.B. People prefer to communicate with key board.C. When reading an argument, the participants were less dismissive than hearing it.D. Oral, not written, communication works better.13. Why is the politician mentioned in paragraph3?A. To introduce the topic for discussion.B. To summarize the previous paragraphs.C. To explain why Schroeder conducted the research.D. To introduce the politician’s speech.14. What does the underlined word “idiotic’’in paragraph 3 mean?A. Wise.B. Practical.C. Silly.D. Special.15. What can we infer from the last two paragraphs?A. To persuade your boss, you need to walk to his office and leave a message.B. It’s difficult to fully explain your points due to social media’s limitation.C. Arguing over social media is more convenient than speaking in person.D. Communicating with others over social media is encouraged.第二节(共5小题;每小题2分，满分10分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。
上海市金山区2020年高三英语高考二模卷(解析版)
考查连词。句意：或者你可以等，直到你再次安全才离开街道。根据句意和句子结构可知，此处用连词until“直到”符合语境，故填until。
【点睛】第5小题考查宾语从句时态
宾语从句时态一般从三个方面考虑：主句是一般现在时，从句用它原本需要的时态；主句是过去时，从句要用相应的过去的某种时态；从句是真理、谚语等用一般现在时。以本题为例：
Bonnie Koon, a mother of three in Crawfordville, Fla., used to post a calendar on her refrigerator____13____her kids chores, to the embarrassment of her 16-year-old twins. After seeing a Facebook ad for the app Green-light, she___14___it.
Parents in search of more____11____ways to teach children the value of money are turning to allowance-tracking apps, where kids can see their____12____rise and fall in real time.
Under the fine systems.____7____breaks this law for the first time will get a fine of $15 to $35. People breaking the law for a second or third time will get a $99 fine.
2020上海市高考英语二模试卷
2020高三英语二模试卷II. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.As entrepreneurs（创业者）, we had a vision, we realized it, and now we (21) ________ (run) our own companies. But the dream can damage our “work-life balance.”When the success of the comp any rests on your shoulders, you’ve always got an excuse to put (22) ________ else on hold.What I’ve learned (23) ________ (face) the demands of start-up company and a young family over the past couple of decades is that sometimes the best way to solve the work-life balance problem is to think small. Make a handful of lifestyle corrections (24) ________, individually, may not sound all that exciting, but taken together can prevent you from getting too tried.Here’s my list of life hacks that will help pr event exhaustion:●Work from home one day a weekFew thing give you a more grounded, in-control feeling than getting things done in your own space and at your own pace. Instead of leaving the office (25) ________ (clear) my head over a Starbucks coffee, I can fold the laundry, and cut back on evening housework.Not to mention, working is pajamas is one of life’s (26) ________ (underestimate) pleasures.●Pencil in time for exerciseIt really bothered me (27) ________ with the demands of company and family, my tennis game was going down the drain. That may sound unimportant, but it wasn’tto me, (28) ________ it was a meaningful part of my life outside of work. To get some balance back in my life, I rearranged my schedule. Two mornings a week, I woke up an hour (29) ________ (early) to work out with a tennis coach. If sports aren’t your thing, try yoga or that hobby that you always loved but let go of after starting your business.●Learn something new, outside the officeIt can draining to always be the pers on who’s supposed to have the answers as a business leader. It’s surprisingly liberating to be an on the other side, (30) ________ (absorb) knowledge without the pressure to perform or to always be right.Section BDirections:After reading the passage below, fill in each blank with a proper word given in the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one more word than you need.While I was jumping rope, my phone took a fall to the hardwood floor which created multiple cracks on my screen. However, the music kept __31__, so all as well - or so I thought.Thirty minutes later, I could see only one-tenth of my screen while the rest was pitch-black. The next morning, I decided not to go to the phone store for 24 hours, I felt a(n) __32__ sense of calm that day, which led to my not going for one week. One week ended up becoming 60 days without my smart-phone.Here are three __33__ I noticed and why you may want to consider a smart-phone detox（戒除期）yourself:●You’ll become boredWhile in line at a Starbucks, I noticed how every individual had their head down, eyes fixed on their smart-phone. With nothing to distract myself with during thewaiting period, I became bored, and my mind __34__ through all sorts of topics.Boredom is __35__ something we avoid at all costs. However, boredom is the perfect way to make a(n) __36__ on a business idea or project. When you enter a state of boredom, ou allow your mind to relax and escape from the realities of today to the infinite __37__ of tomorrow.●You’ll be able to dramatically reduce your “work” hoursA study found that adults ages 18 to 33 __38__ their smart-phones 85 times a day, or once every 10 minutes.As I learned during my experiment, placing some distance between myself and my device helped me fall into deep work more easily.By not having my smart-phone, my distraction time went down and thus my hours of work were spent more efficiently and effectively. On numerous occasions, I found myself __39__ what to do with the afternoon since I had already completed my high-impact tasks for the day.●Your mental well-being will receive a boost（提高）Obviously, without a cellphone, I experienced a lack of __40__ news and comments. While that helped cause a dramatic boost in my mental well-being, the biggest reason for it was truly connecting to people.III. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.As a child, what did you want to be when you grew up? If you were like most children, you probably let your imagination run __41__. Maybe you dreamed of flying into space or being a famous chef. Then perhaps over the years, your dreams became more __42__. Or you might have given up on some altogether.If that’s the case, then today’s the day for you. January 13th is Make Your Dreams Come True Day. If you’ve been __43__ fulfilling your dreams, this is the day to makea fresh start.It’s important to dream because dreams can give us the __44__ to succeed in life. Dreams inspire and motivate us. The great thing about dreams is that there’s no __45__ to accomplish them right away. They might take a few years or they might take a lifetime to __46__. The important thing is that you’re __47__ working toward your dream. And the best way to do that is by setting goals.What is the __48__ between a dream and a goal? It’s been said that dreams are the final destination; goals are the stops along the way.Dreams can be very __49__. But the steps you take to reach them should be very __50__. Your dreams state what you want, but goals explain how you’ll get there. That makes goal seting a necessary step in __51__ your dreams.Many successful people have spoken about dreams. Former U. S. Secretary of State Colin Powell stressed the __52__ o f working for our dreams. “A dream doesn’t become reality through magic: it takes sweat, __53__ and hard work. “Author Les Brown reminded us that dreams have no __54__ limit. You are never too old to set another goal or to dream a new dream.If you’ve bee n dreaming about doing something for years, start today. Write down your dream, and __55__ your goals. Then you’ll be on your way to making your dreams come true.41. A. fast B. high C. well D. wild42. A. colorful B. amazing C. realistic D. attractive43. A. putting off B. taking off C. getting off D. paying off44. A. opportunity B. direction C. energy D. access45. A. pressure B. doubt C. sense D. need46. A. seek B. achieve C. explain D. design47. A. really B. almost C. always D. hardly48. A. concept B. similarity C. comparison D. difference49. A. unreal B. general C. changeable D. flexible50. A. specific B. abstract C. common D.complicated51. A. imaging B. avoiding C. reaching D. believing52. A. process B. benefit C. consequence D. importance53. A. blood B. determination C. intelligence D. loyalty54. A. age B. extra C. space D. normal55. A. transfer B. convert C. establish D. devoteSection BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage your have just read.(A)In 2008, someone, or perhaps a group of people, using the name Satoshi Nakamoto published a paper to an online group that discussed cryptography（密码使用法）. That paper described a process that would use cryptography to create a secure electronic cash system, now known as a cryptocurrency（加密货币）. Person to person payment could be made online using a shared network of computers instead of a bank or other financial institution. Each deal could happen very quickly. The shared network of computers would also serve as the means to prove those deals safely. Getting rid of the need for a centralized banking system would open up the possibility for anyone to become part of the digital economy.Today, there are well over a thousand different cryptocurrencies. Most are still trying to be feasible global payment system like Bitcoin. They are held back by problems affecting the entire cryptocurrency industry.One issue is weak security on cryptocurrency websites where users either store their electronic cash in virtual “wallets” or exchange one kind of electronic cash for another. In recent years, clever thieves have broken into many of these websites and stolen electronic cash. The websites are struggling to protect their users from such thefts.Another problem is the large number of fake cryptocurrencies that are advertised on the internet. The advertisements invite internet users to visit websites offering new cryptocurrencies. Many visitors are persuaded by the websites to buy their cryptocurrencies using actual money. Later, the webistes disappear along with the victims’ money. In response to this problem, companies like Facebook and Google are limiting cryptocurrency advertising on their websites.56. What does the article explain about Satoshi Nakamoto?A. Satoshi’s ba ckground in international baking and investmentB. Satoshi’s grave doubts about the true value of cryptocurrenciesC. Satoshi’s close partnership with suspicious financial institutionsD. Satoshi’s contribution to the development of the digital economy57. According to this article, what is true about numerous cryptocurrency webistes?A. They and their users have been robbed.B. They’ve revealed the identities of their users.C. They reward their users with cool prizes.D. They arrange recreational events for users.58. What does the article indicate about the cryptocurrency industry?A. It’s had to lay off lots of workers.B. It’s celebrating a profitable year.C. It’s facing some serious challenges.D. It’s set a very high moral standard.59. According to this article, why are Facebook and Google limiting cryptocurrency advertising?A. Few cryptocurrencies need to be marketed.B. They’ve created their own cryptocurrency.C. They didn’t listen to cryptocurrency fans.D. Too many cryptocurrecies ar en’t real.(B)“Changing the world” might seem like an unrealistic goal. When faced with hugeproblems such as air pollution or energy shortages, where do you start? Taoyuan-based Gogoro believes you start with a scooter.60. Compared with other electric scooters, the Smart-scooter ________.A. can recharge itself in Gostations in mega-citiesB. only needs to change batteries in GostationsC. wouldn’t need to be recharged at all in lifeD. can be recharged by its users in Gostations61. Gogoro scooters are popular and revolutionary mainly because ________.A. their colors are chosen by a famous color designerB. their colors are different from those of othersC. it is a good way for people to consume energyD. it an help us solve the problem of energy short62. What can we conclude from the passage?A. The more mega-cities there are, the more GoStations may appear.B. GoStations will soon entirely take the place of traditional stations.C. People need not go to GoStations especially during peak hours.D. More mega-cities will appear throughout the world in the future.(C)With so many investments required of us to succeed - time, resources, talents, responsibilities, even finances for our retirement - it’s easy to lose sight of the most difficult investment of all to commit to : ourselves.Getting to the point where you’re ready to start upgrading to you 2.0 isn’t easy. But it doesn’t mean dropping the ball everywhere else. It’s not about omissions, butadmissions. Come clean with yourself to kick-start your personal growth.Unstuck starts with “u”No one purposely chooses to stop learning and growing again, it just kind of happens in a lot of daily responsibilities and life. And if it were easy to just kick it into gear（档位）again, you would have already done it. But the truth is inescapable. If you want to get off that place to higher ground, it’s up to you and only you. No one will just hand you a steady stream of opportunities for growth.You’ve been working in your life, not on itActivity is often confused with acceleration（忙碌）. I was guilty of this for years in working place - staying always busy but not admitting I was bored. I was lost in activity and not steeping back to take time to question what I wanted my life to be. Once I began working on my life - quitting corporate, becoming an entrepreneur, restructuring to my life - I started growing once again. And I’ve never been happier.Things aren’t happening to you, they’re happening for youA victim mentality（心态）is the enemy of personal growth. Lamenting over everything that has gone wrong in your life only wastes energy from working to make more things go right. If you want to kick-start growth, you must view setbacks as having a purpose, an d then put them in their place. The past shouldn’t run or define you - only fuel you.The perfect time to start doesn’t existI had so many things that had to be just right before I could make my long-planned leap from corporate. I’d tell myself, “I’d lo ve to go for it right now, but practically speaking.” Well, guess what? Practicality is poison. It’s the convenient excuse stopping you from what you’re meant to become.It’s time to unplug others’ opinionsGrow where you want to grow. Learn what you want to learn. Wherever you are on the scale of hat you want to learn next - be it beginner or near - expert own it, be proud of it. Pretenses are for pretenders. You’re just trying to become a better version of your genuine self.63. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?A. If you want to succeed, you have to invest yourself first.B. Upgrading yourself is hard, but you still need to continue.C. Giving up upgrading yourself is just like dropping the ball.D. It’s a kind of responsibility to go on learning though it’s hard.64. The word lament in the last but 4 paragraphs most probably means ________.A. to express sadness and feeling sorry about somethingB. to repeat what happens to you in the past of your lifeC. to show some regretful feeling or thought for our pastD. to recognize something that has gone wrong in the past65. According to the passage, we can infer that ________.A. the busier you are, the happier and better you will beB. what happened shouldn’t prevent you, bu t protect youC. whoever you are, just grow where you want to growD. how well you grow is actually decided by yourself66. How many aspects does the writer illustrate his idea on personal growth?A. 3B. 7C. 5D. 6Section CDirections: Complete the following passage by using the sentences in the box. Each sentence can only be used once. Note that there are two sentences more than you need.As 2019 draws to a close, it can be helpful to think about finishing what you have started. With that in mind, here are some thoughts on finishing projects and seasons well.Finishing projectsOne step to finishing a project comes near the beginning: define what it means for the project to be finished. This could mean getting an article published, submitting a report to your boss or teacher, or creating designs for a product. _______67________ In order to finish projects, you must also plan out the steps you will take. Break your big task into smaller ones, and give yourself a short-term deadline for each of them. ________68_______.Then when you do finish - celebrate! Take some time to enjoy your accomplishment and reward yourself for all your hard work. Also take some time to consider how the project went what you did well, and what needs improvement. ________69_______.Finishing the yearAs we come to the end of 2019, it’s good to take some time to pause and reflect on the past year. What goals did you reach or what have you learned? What would you like to do differently next year?While you’re thinking, consider things you’re thankful for from the year. You could make a list of 12, one for each month, or 52, one for each week. Or just write down as many things as you can think of. This will help you end the year with a positive attitude._____70_____. If you make mistakes, recognize them and then move on. No one can change the past, but you can learn from it and create a new future.By finished projects and years well, you can move toward your long-term goals and set yourself up for future triumphs.IV. Summary Writing71. Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far aspossible.Every culture has set rules about how people should act. Patterns of good behavior, or manners, show respect and care for others. Yet the details of how to express respect vary.Greeting people cheerfully is almost always considered polite. But it’s more important in some cultures than others. For example, when you enter a store in France, you should always greet the person working there. Other cultures also value greeting people. But of course the greetings vary as people speak different languages.When I was growing up in the United States, I once participated in a performance at my church. Afterward, someone gave me a compliment, but I felt like I had done a bad job. So I tried to refuse the compliment, saying, “No, I didn’t do that well.” My mother got my attention and told me that was very rude. Later I learned that refusing a compliment is accepted and even approved of in China.Some of the biggest cultural differences have to do with table manners. In North America, it’s polite to eat as quietly as possible. That means chewing with your mouth closed and not slurping（吃东西时发出的声音）your soup. The same goes for burping （打嗝）. But in parts of Asia slurping shows that you are enjoying your meal. And burping is a sign of being full and content.There are also differences in how people eat across cultures. For example, in North America and Europe people use forks to bring food to their mouths. But in Thailand, a fork is only used to push food onto a spoon. In India and the Middle East, people eat with their hands. But eating with the left hand is forbidden. This is because the left hand is considered unclean.Yet there are also similar points across cultures. Saying “please” and “thank you”, for example, is almost always polite. If you show appreciation and try to follow local customs, people will generally respond well. Showing kindness can bring people together, no matter what culture they come from.V. TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given inthe brackets.72. 我们不惧风雨，也不畏任何险阻。
上海市2020年高考英语模拟试题及答案(二)
上海市2020年高考英语模拟试题及答案（二）（试卷满分150分，考试时间120分钟）考生注意事项：1.答卷前，着生务必将自已的姓名、准考证号填写在答題卡上。
2.回蓉选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答題卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。
如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。
回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。
第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分) （略）第二部分阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2分，满分30分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、BC和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
AIn 2018 to which we've just said goodbye, we've seen excellent movies such as Black Panther, Crazy Rich Asians and A Star Is Born. In 2019 there will be returns to classic movie characters and stories. Here are movies not to miss.Spider-Man-.Far H0- July 5, USTom Holland, the actor of 2017's Spider-Man: Homecoming, returns to play Peter Parker, a high school student who gains superpowers after being bitten by a spider(蜘蛛). When we see him again in theaters, Spider – Man will have a new red - and – black suit. The movie will take Peter on a global adventure outside of the US. According to Marved Studios President Kevin Feige, Spider - Man will try a return to his “normal" self; he will try to find his old powers on his new journey.Hobbs and Shaw, July 26,USTo most people the Fast and Furious series is all about crazy drivers racing in sports car. But in Hobbs and Shaw, humor is added to the action - packed thrills. The new film will hit US theaters on July 26. Famous English actor Jaso n Statham will star alongside Dwayne Johnson, “The Rock”, as Deckaid Shaw and Luke Hobbs respectively, as in their previous appearances in Fast and Furious 8. The action and chemistry really thrill their audience. But the new action scenes between an MI6 agent Hobbs and the killer Shaw will have to be good to beat their stand - off in the 2017 movie.The Lion King, July 19, USThis is a brand - new version of the classic children’s film. The story of wide - eyed young lion Simba still remains in hearts of world audiences even after 25 years. In this re-telling, Simba again begins the difficult journey to become the King of the Pride Lands，a vast African prairie(大草原).The favorite part of the story for many has always been the friendship between Simba, Timon and Punibaa. The last two sacrifice all they have to help Simba to become the king. How will the new movie re-imagine their famous relationship?1. Which movie will probably be most popular among children?A. Spider - Man: Far From Home.B. Hobbs and Shaw.C. Fast and Furious 8.D. The Lion King.2. What do the three movies have in common?A. The heroes have appeared in previous movies.B. They have the complex plot and humor style.C. They will be on in theaters in July worldwide.D. Famous actors and actresses act in the movies.3. What’s the writing purpose of the text?A. To ask for movie reviews.B. To make comments on the movies.C. To encourage readers to watch filmsD. To instruct readers to know styles of movie.BA simple project to help a family in need stopped Luke Mickelson in his tracks. In 2012, he and his family were inspired to build and donate a bunk bed, one bed on top of the other, after learning there were local children who slept on the floor. Shocked to discover how widespread this need was in his community, Mickelson founded Sleep in Heavenly Peace, a nonprofit that builds and delivers beds to children in need.Born and raised in Idaho, Mickelson, now 41, had a thriving career. He coached his kids’ sports teams and fished in the nearby river. But when he met children who were sleeping on the floor, his peaceful life changed course.Using safety guidelines and his daughter’s bunk bed as a model, Mickelson started buying wood and supplies to build beds with his own money. He recruited friends and family members to help around the holiday. As word spread, interest and involvement from his and other communities flooded—along with Mickelson’s bunk bed output. “That first project, we built 11 bunk beds in my garage,” he said. “The next year, we did 15. Then it doubled every year. In 2017, we built 612 bunk beds.”With the motto “No kid sleeps on the floor in our town”, the nonprofit and its more than 65 branches have built and delivered more than 1,500 free beds to children across America. But along with the rapid growth, Mickelson was faced with a tough choice: advancing his career or his nonprofit. He chose the latter and went from making “great money to zero money”. He’s never looked back. “I found that the need I have isn’t financial,” he said. “The need I have is seeing the joy on kids’ faces, knowing that I can make a difference.”4. Why did Mickelson set up Sleep in Heavenly Peace?A. To help the poor children.B. To make a big fortune.C. To inspire his community.D. To get more donations.5. What do we know about Luke Mickelson?A. He had his own fish farm.B. He changed his career from time to time.C. He used to sleep on the floor when he was a kid.D. He originally had a relaxing and pleasant life.6. How did other peop le react to Mickelson’s project?A. They showed little interest in it.B. They were supportive and involved in it.C. They were doubtful about the safety of the bunk bed.D. They volunteered to buy beds with their own money.7. What is Mickelson’s attitude to the nonprofit?A. AmbiguousB. Defensive.C. Cautious.D. Positive.CLearning how to face silence in conversation is an important skill especially when working across cultures.In international negotiations, experienced negotiator (谈判者) stay silent and impassive on purpose because that will make others feel uncomfortable and possibly make compromises without having to do anything. Americans especially can’t stand silence, so they often are the first to break the silence and sometimes might be at a disadvantage in negotiations.So what’s the best response? Set your jaw and wait it out. Don’t offer a compromise just because theyare not speaking. If you have to say something, ask a direct question, such as “What’s your initial reaction to that offer?” Once a silence is getting into 45 seconds you could say, “Let’s come back to that in a minute and go on with the next part of our negotiation.”In presentations, silence can be far more effective than dramatic passion (热情). Before starting, look at the audie nce and be silent for a moment because that says, “I’m in control. I know what I’m doing. I’m confident.”A classic example was when Apple co-founder Steve Jobs launched the first iPhone. He introduced with many pauses so that you didn’t miss his key point s. Because silence makes us nervous, our natural reaction is that we’d better pay attention, there’s something going on here.Equally, when giving a speech to staff or trainees, pauses count-especially if there are negatives. If you keep talking you’re spoon feeding. Give people a moment of silence to get beyond the emotional response and to start thinking consciously and processing.Silence can be an inward-focused thoughtful activity or an outward stillness where you give yourself the time to watch and think and listen to the world around you. Having observed the use of silence in Finland and also among the Blackfeet Nation, a North American Indian tribe in northern Montana in the US, we can see benefits far beyond wheeling and dealing.Silence can be a very powerful point for understanding ourselves, understanding others, for developing better common understanding and more productive outcomes and that applies to business, politics, education, law, medicine, every area of human life.8. What is most likely to be Americans idea?A. Speaking less gives the upper handB. The shorter talking gaps are, the better.C. A silent man is the best one to listen toD. Speak out what you have in your mind.9. What is the purpose of the example of Steve Jobs?A. To show the wisdom of Steve Jobs.B. To explain silence can be more effective.C. To introduce how to make a presentation.D. To prove silence can ease one’s nervousness.10. What is the meaning of the underlined words “spoon feeding” in Paragraph 6?A. Supporting some person with any selfless help.B. Feeding somebody patiently with a small spoon.C. Giving others some new ideas to think over carefully.D. Using a way that discourages independent thought.11. What is the main idea of the passage?A. Silence is the best defense.B. Silence in negotiations is of great help.C. Learning the skills about silence is important.D. Silence has different meanings in difficult culture.DBritish people work some of the longest hours in Europe, but are among the least productive. Now some companies are shortening the working week to increase efficiency, health and happiness.Rich Leigh has introduced a four-day week at his PR company. In fact, his entire company has Friday off, because his firm has adopted a four-day week. It is one of a handful of UK businesses that now operate like this: staff still get paid their previous five-day salary, but they work a day less. The company found that they achieved just as much—and there were even sighs of growth. “The key to the scheme’s success,” Leigh says, “is how happy our employees now are.”The average British worker takes only a 34 minute lunch break and works 10 hours overtime each week (more often than not this is unpaid). Yet UK productivity falls seriously behind their European neighbors, who tend to work fewer hours.British working practices have caused loss and damage to the nation’s health and happiness. More than half a million workers in the UK were signed off with work-related stress or anxiety last year. Moreover, the work landscape itself is changing. Automation and AI will have a significant impact on the labor market, where unsteady work becomes more common.Britain is the only EU member that allows workers to ignore the EU working time limit and work longer ho urs. For campaigners, now is the time for a change. O’Grady, an advocate, argues that where businesses have increased their profits as a result of automation, success should be shared with workers in the form of reduced hours. “It’s time to share the benef its from new technology, not allowing those at the top to grab them for themselves.” she says.12. We can learn from the passage that ________.A. British people are the least productive in the worldB. Most companies in Britain have conducted a four-day weekC. PR company has witnessed a rise in employees’ happinessD. British people work longer and get more payment than other countries13. Which is the proper description of British working practices?A. The working time of British workers is within the EU limit.B. In terms of productivity, Britain is beaten by the United States.C. Profits gained from new technology are on the decrease.D. Automation and AI are likely to cause an instable work market.14. Which can be inferred from O’Grady’ s words in the last paragraph?A. It’s time for employers to share the increased profits created by automation.B. Workers should benefit from automation in the form of less working hours.C. New technology should belong to both businesses and workers.D. Businesses can’t make more profits without new technology.15. What is the author’s purpose of writing the passage?A. To introduce some British firms’ switch to a four-day working week.B. To explain the reasons why British workers suffer stress and anxiety.C. To appeal for more reasonable working conditions.D. To present the current productivity problem in Britain.第二节(共5小题;每小题2分，满分10分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。
2020届上海市金山区高三英语二模试题及答案word
2020上海金山高三英语二模I.Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1. A. In a hospital. B. In a school.C. In a kindergarten.D. In a tourist office.2. A. Improving her cooking skills. B. Tasting the food made by Tom.C. Having a picnic.D. Showcasing her talents to Tom.3. A. Supportive.B. Hesitant.C. Indifferent.D. Disapproving.4. A. In January.B. Until winter vacation.C. During Christmas season.D. Right now.5. A. The foundation of the theatre. B. A change to the theatre.1/ 37C. The removal of the seats.D. The figure of the audience.6. A. It can help to find the patients easilyB. It can record patients' conditions.C. It gives patients medical advice.D. It makes records available to doctors and nurses.7. A. He doesn't want to draw.B. He prefers to make the labor division himself.C. He is good at drawing.D. He is happy because he doesn't have to draw.8. A. The key to the woman's success.B. The changes on the market.C. The management of the woman's company.D. The feeling of being a manager.9. A. To paint the doors. B. To paint the ceiling.C. To continue his job.D. To take the job home2/ 3710. A. Because she is accustomed to the food there.B. Because the food is better there than at the school dining hall.C. Because it is a quiet place.D. Because they can't go to the school dining hall.Section BDirections: In Section B, you will hear several passages and longer conversations, after each passage or conversation, you will be asked several questions. The passages and the conversations will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 to 13 are based on the following passage.11. A. Factors determining intelligence.B. A story of identical twins.C. The importance of intelligence.D. How to get a higher IQ.12. A. Because only one could enter college.B. Because they were abandoned by their parents.C. Because their parents died when they were only babies.D. Because the psychologists did an experiment researching human intelligence.13. A. John got a better education than his identical brother. Peter.B. Children growing up in wealthy families are smarter.3/ 37C. Environment is important to the development of one's intelligence.D. An isolated community has more educational opportunities.Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.14. A. Unwrapping a new album.B. Having a newly-bought car.C. Entering a newly-purchased house.D. Having access to an online account.15. A. It is nice to share the account on Amazon.B. The sharing economy makes full use of cars.C. Consumers consider ownership more important than access.D. The sharing economy makes clear relationship between consumers and products.16. A. The sharing economy develops car manufacturing.B. It is good for environment to increase the usage of goods.C. The sharing economy reshapes the market and benefits people.D. In the sharing economy, companies bridge the gap between people and resources.Questions 17 and 18 are based on the following conversation.17. A. Products.B. Locations.4/ 37C. Coffee making techniques.D. Staff quality.18. A. She made a questionnaire.B. She talked with customers.C. She wrote a handbook for the employeesD. She applied for a job at Starbucks.19. A. Customers are especially concerned about the service of a cafe.B. The more expensive the coffee beans and milk, the better the coffee is.C. Customers want more varieties of coffee.D. Customers rely on the brand image when they are making choices.20. A. Because the manual will be the latest version.B. Because it will tell customers detailed product information.C. Because it includes important policies and procedures.D. Because employees enjoy reading it.II. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.A ban on distracted walking5/ 37You can’t walk down the street without passing so-called “smart-phone zombies（僵尸）.” They are too absorbed in their screen (21) _________ (watch) where they are going. Almost four in ten people admit having suffered a technology-related small accident (22) _________ they pay more attention to their electronic device than to the pavement.Now the city of Honolulu, Hawaii, has decided it’s time to take immediate action and make it illegal to cross the road while using a mobile phone. Those (23) _________ (catch) using phones, tablets or other electronic devices at crossing points could face a fine of up to $ 100.Honolulu is the first major U. S. city to ban (24) _________ is called “distracted walking.” It comes after a study found there (25) _________ (be) more than 11,000 injuries in the United States resulting from phone-related distraction while walking in the past few years.To explain the decision, mayor Kirk Caldwell said, “We hold the unfortunate honor of being a major city (26) _________ more pedestrians are hit in crosswalks than almost any other city in the country.”Under the fine systems. (27) _________ breaks this law for the first time will get a fine of $15 to $35. People breaking the law for a second or third time will get a $99 fine.The law, which is called the Distracted Walking Law, does permit an exception. Pedestrians (28) _________ use such devices in the street to call emergency services and rescue workers, such as firefighters and police officers.If you still want to text while walking, you could avoid (29) _________ (fine) in Honolulu by using a voice-controlled digital assistant such as Siri or Google Assistant. Or you could just wait (30) _________ you are again, safely, off the street.Section BDirections: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.6/ 37Giving kids allowances in the smart-phoneAllowances are a constant. No matter how much technology interferes with the parent-childrelationship, kids still want money and parents still want to impart（赋予）a basic work ethic. But putting stickers on chore（日常事务）charts and dropping coins in piggy banks don’t cut it with the smart-phone generation.Parents in search of more _____31_____ ways to teach children the value of money are turning to allowance-tracking apps, where kids can see their ______32______ rise and fall in real time.Bonnie Koon, a mother of three in Crawfordville, Fla., used to post a calendar on her refrigerator _____33______ her kids chores, to the embarrassment of her 16-year-old twins. After seeing a Facebook ad for the app Green-light, she ____34_____ it.Green-light links to parents’ bank accounts so that the payout can be seamless. Parents can encourage saving by paying interest on the money that isn’t spent ____35____ -- interest out of the parents’ own pockets, of course.It’s the first taste of ____36____ freedom for many kids, and it’s set in a relatively safe environment. Parents can determine spending limits and choose the retailers（零售商）where a child can make _____37_____. If a child attempts to buy something at an unapproved store or to spend more than the limit, the transaction（交易）is _____38_____ and parents get a notification. And if a kid loses the card, parents can immediately cancel it from the app.One of Ms. Koon’s twins. Brenna, works part time at a restaurant. She’s putting half of her pay check into a car-insurance savings fund she set up in the app, whit the goal of saving $450 by July. With each _____39______, the app gives Brenna a progress update.Some parents might worry that relying on apps to get kids to do chores only encourages themto be on their phones more. But parents who have chosen this approach argue that they are meeting7/ 37their kids where they are and that it takes the _____40_____ nagging（唠叨）out of the equation. The real-time look at their accounts makes the concepts of saving and spending more tangible than reviewing a bank statement.III. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.If you like to take a walk in the woods in the United States or you prefer to decorate a tree at Christmas, you should know that climate change is making both of those activities a lot more ____41____.Looking at two ____42____ and economically important species -- the Douglas fir and the Ponderosa pine -- scientists found that fires and drought _____43_____ by climate change make new growth difficult, especially in low-elevation forests, according to a study published Monday in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences.Some forests in four regions in California, Colorado, the Northern Rockies and the southwestern part of the United States have crossed “a(n) ____44____ climate tipping（转折）point for post-fire tree generation,” the study says.Climate conditions over the past 20 years have _____45_____ changes that would have taken decades or even centuries to ____46____ across broad regions of the country. This is leading to the sudden _____47_____ of trees and making these lands increasingly unsuitable for tree regeneration.“Climate changes is _____48_____ our forests now, not just in some distant future. Maybe in areas where there are really _____49_____ seed sources, there could be some trees, but it is becoming really hard to get these trees back due to climate change,” said study co-author Kim Davis.8/ 37The problem probably won’t get any better, as climate change is making intense wildfires much more _____50_____. Western foresters say there used to be a fire season. But devastating and ____51____ fires have become a reality all year long. In 2018, fire cost California more than $9.05 billion, according to the USA insurance commissioner, the deadliest and most destructive wildfires season in the ______52______ history.A higher number of fires and low seed availability means a high probability that these trees in these regions won’t come back, Davis said. This study _____53______ on the driest and hottest areas of the Western forests, but researchers will next try to focus on how much will be impacted._____54____, there are some things people can do to ease some of this problem. Forest management plans that reduce high-severity burns can help. Increasingly, forest managers are considering allowing some fires to burn under more moderate conditions, Davis said, Forest _____55_____.41. A. convenient B. difficult C. encouraging D. frustrating42. A. ecologically B. apparently C. physically D. financially43. A. destroyed B. worsened C. extended D. established44. A. necessary B. enormous C. critical D. invisible45. A. accelerated B. delayed C. eliminated D. strengthened46. A. transform B. spread C. preserve D. escape47. A. extinction B. decline C. tragedy D. increase48. A. sustaining B. abandoning C. facilitating D. endangering49. A. sufficient B. limited C. moderate D. approximate50. occasional B. common C. essential D. temporary51. A. astonishing B. hopeless C. costly D. irreversible9/ 3752. A. world B. state C. human D. forest53. A. concentrated B. depended C. insisted D. commented54. A. As a result B. For example C. In fact D. What’s more55. A. savers B. managers C. researchers D. advocatesSection BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)EU members’ states have agreed to ban a toxic substance widely found in clothing because it poses an “acceptable risk” to the environment. Countries voted in favor of extending existing restrictions on nonylphenol ethoxylates (NPE) to imports to clothing and other textile products.The measure is intended to protect species in water. Use of NPE in textile manufature in Europe was banned over 10 years ago but the substance is still released into the water environment through imported textiles being washed.NPE degrades in the environment into substances including nonylphenol (NP), which accumulates in the bodies of fish and disturbs their hormones, harming fertility, growth and sexual development.NPE is used in textile manufacture as a cleaning and dyeing agent. The EU decision notes that several studies have found NPE to be present in textile items.A 2011 study by Greenpeace found NPE in two-thirds of clothes tested, including items sold10/ 37by big-name brads such as Adidas, H&M, Lacoste, and Ralph Lauren. The NGO (Non-Governmental Organizations) argued that although concentrations of NPE found in the clothes were low, the chemical’s existence in the environment posed a risk.The new ban on textiles containing NPE in concentrations equal to or greater than 0.01% will enter into force five years after it is adopted by the European Commission, which is likely to happen in September.In comments submitted to ECHA (European Chemicals Agency), clothing and textile firms have warned that obeying the restriction will be difficult because NPE ubiquitous in the supply chain and has numerous uses.The new restriction will not apply to second-hand goods or recycled textiles because it is assumed that these will already have been washed several times so they contain negligible（微不足道的）amounts of NPE.EU countries must eliminate pollution of water bodies by NP as it is a priority substance under the Water Framework Directive. A 2013 study by the UK environment agency warned that emissions from textiles could prevent progress towards this objective. It found 29% of imported cotton underwear contained NPE, which was released during the first two washes by the consumer.56. The 2011 study by Greenpeace found _________.A. 29% of imported cotton underwear contained NPEB. NPE had limited effects on aquatic speciesC. NPE was widely present in textile productsD. clothes of good quality had no concentrations of NPE57. What’s the possible meaning of the underlined part “is ubiquitous” is Paragraph 7?A. is legally protectedB. is not easy to be found11/ 37C. seems to be every whereD. is uncommon58. What can we learn from the text?A. The original ban on use of NPE was very effective.B. Recycled textile contain less NPE.C. The new ban on imports of textile has come into force.D. The UK environment agency is optimistic about the new ban.59. Which section of the website does the text come from?A. lifestyleB. technology.C. Business.D. Environment.(B)LettersComments on the March Issue12/ 3760. How did Antia Lawrence react to her husband’s diagnosis?A. She felt very painful.B. She gained some life lessons.C. She paid more attention to her own health.D. She showed deep sympathy for her husband.61. According to Sam Kieffer’s letter, what can be learn about John All?A. He is an expert in mountaineeringB. He wrote the article entitled Trapped Inside a Glacier.C. Not all people could survive in the same situation as he did.D. His story is the best one that Sam Kieffer has ever read in Reader’s Digest.13/ 3762. Who is likely to disagree with what is said in the commented article?A. Edward Deckerd.B. Antia Lawrence.C. Sam Kieffer.D. Janet Toole(C)What makes us love some things and hate others? We know that sometimes even the tiniest change can result in a huge difference in how we perceive something, so is there any rhyme or reason to our tastes and preferences? Here are three factors which play a role.1. Conforming to expectationIn London a few years ago, two talented rappers called Silibil N’ Brains took to the stage to perform at a music industry show for unsigned bands. They were an instant hit. Their outrageous West Coast - American style, brilliant rap lyrics and couldn’t - care - less attitude had the music industry’s talent spotters falling over themselves to sign the pair. In a short space of time, Silibil N’ Brains had a deal with a top management company, a contract with a major record label and an advance of $70,000 -- and they hadn’t even made a record. Before long, they were on tour with Eminem and out partying with Madonna. They were living the dream.But two years ago the same two rappers were laughed off stage by the same talent spotters for singing the same sons. So what was the difference? Amazingly, it was their accent. You see, Silibil N’ Brains weren’t, in fact, from West Coast U. S. A. at all. They were from Dundee in Scotland. During the first audition they had used their Scottish accents when rapping and it had not gone down well. “They just laughed at us,” recalled Brains. “We were heartbroken. We went back to Scotland with our tail between our legs”. The lesson for them was that to succeed, you have to conform to expectations and at that time everyone expected rappers to be American.2. The benefit of hindsightSome people are simply ahead of their time. It’s common knowledge that Vincent van Gogh sold only one painting in his lifetime -- the other 900 or so were unknown and unloved until after14/ 37his death. Monet’s paintings. at least in his early career, was considered incomplete and ugly by critics at the time, while Vermeer, the painter of Girl With a Pearl Earring, even had to use his mother-in-law as a guarantor when he borrowed money -- so unable was he to sell any of his work! Now that public taste has caught up with these artists, more or less anything they touched has an astronomical price tag attached to it. Perhaps the reason is that it just takes a while to get used to something -- after all, not all beauty is obvious at first sight.3. A reassuring price tagIn a world where the range of products on offer can be completely bewildering, we often look to price as an indication of quality. We may think we prefer the expensive wine to the cheap one, but we may simply be influenced by the price tag. Even professionals can make the mistake. A researcher from the University of Bordeaux in France took an average bottle of red wine and poured it into two empty bottles, on with an expensive label and the other with a cheap one. Then he invited 57 wine “experts” to taste the wine. Forty of them recommended the wine from the expensive bottle, describing it as “agreeable”, “complex”, “balanced” and “rounded.” while the same wine from the expensive bottle, describing it as “agreeable”, “complex”, “balanced” and “rounded,” while the same wine from the cheap bottle was described as “weak” and “flat”, with only 12 of the experts recommending it. The study made the researcher unpopular with the French wine tasters, but he did prove that price has a significant impact on taste.63. Which of the following statements about Silibil N’ Brains is true?A. Talent spotters fell in love with them at first sight.B. They are from the West Coast of AmericaC. Their success was attributed to behaving and sounding like American rappers.D. They were friends with famous stars like Madonna even before they succeeded.64. The underlined phrases “with our tail between our legs” indicates that _________.A. their first audition proved a failureB. they felt proud of their performance15/ 37C. they learned a valuable lessonD. being humble might contribute to their future success65. We an infer from the second factor that ________.A. some artists are better known when they are alive than when they are deadB. public taste usually falls behind famous artistsC. beauty at first sight lasts much longerD. Monet’s paintings are priceless because of their incompleteness66. What can we learn from the last paragraph?A. A price tag always fails to indicate the quality of a product.B. A price tag is less likely to confuse customers than the packaging.C. Low price will make the wine unpopular with tastersD. A price tag will cloud a person’s judgement of something.Section CDirections: Read the following. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.16/ 37Are Bamboo-Eating Pandas Really Herbivores?On the outside, giant pandas look like herbivores（食草动物）. They spend nearly all of their waking hours eating bamboo. But on the inside, they’re built like carnivores（食肉动物）. About half of the calories they eat come from protein, according to a new study.The ancestor of giant pandas were omnivorous（杂食的）. They are both animals and plants, and had the digestive system and gut bacteria to metabolize（使发生新陈代谢）them. They had “umami taste receptors,” to appreciate the flavors of meat.However, about 2.4 million years ago, things began to change. _____67_____ Their jaw and teeth evolved to help them crush bamboo, and their wrist bone became capable of grasping the stalks （杆）of their favorite plant. Scientists think pandas switched to eating bamboo partly because they didn’t have to fight with other animals to get it. Bamboo is high in fiber but has a low concentration of nutrients, so pandas have to eat 20 to 40 pounds of the plant every day just to get by.David Raubenheimer, a nutritional ecologist at the University of Sydney, and his colleagues17/ 37put GPS trackers on two giant pandas and followed their movement throughout the year. They discovered that the pandas followed the protein. _______68______ At the start of the cycle, they ate Bashania fargesii leaves until they got the chance to feast on young shoots, which contained more protein.The more the shoots grew, the more their protein was diluted（冲淡）by fiber. That caused the pandas to move to higher ground, where Fargesia qinlingensis grew. First, they ate the shoots, but these, too, went from being protein - rich to fiber-rich as they grew. The panda responded by switching to the leaves. ______69______ The researchers found that about half of the calories the pandas ate were in the form of protein._______70_______ “They can know exactly where to go, and when to go, so they can get the most of the nutrients that their ecosystem can provide,” said Silvia Pineda - Munoz, who was not involved in the study.The work also shows that classifying an animals as herbivore or carnivore is more complex than one might sassume. “It’s not whether you’re eating plants but what of the plants you’re eating,” said Pineda - Munoz.IV. Summary WritingDirections: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.71. Herbal MedicineHerbal medicine, which has been used for medicinal purposes, is the use of plants to treat diseases. Many herbalists use the entire plant, from the flowers, stems, leaves, and roots, in the form of everything from teas to pills. These plants contain natural, chemical things that can treat the body for a variety of diseases, such as allergies, asthma, rheumatoid arthritis, migraine, chronic fatigue, and cancer, among others.18/ 37Nowadays an increasing number of people prefer to adopt these plants to treat their diseases because, compared with chemical medicine, herbal medicine has its own advantages. Herbal medicine and remedies are more effective than chemical medicine for certain diseases. The chemical medicine given by a chemist could have certain negative side effects. However, many of the herbal medicine and remedies to not have negative side effects. If any, they are softer than chemical medicine. Obesity is the cause of many of the health problems. Herbal medicine can help weight loss more effectively and improve overall health.However, the cure using herbal medicine and supplements would take some time, and therefore people are supposed to possess enough patience. Worse still, herbal medicine contains a variety of ingredients and people have to be sure that their body agrees with the ingredients and that it is not allergic（过敏）.A point worth mentioning here is that herbal remedies and medicine for certain illnesses may have negative side effects. These side effects may not be shown at once, but would take months or even years. In the early stages, if the herbal medicine is not agreeing with you, it is wise to stop using it.When used correctly and directed by doctors, herbs can help treat a variety of disease. But keep in mind that the herbal medicine industry is not regulated, so herbal products are often misleading and may contain additives that are not listed on the label. Some herbs may cause allergic reactions or interact with other drugs, and some are poisonous if used improperly or at high doses. Taking herbs on your own increases your risk.V. TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.72. 一闻到这种蛋糕的味道我就总会想起童年。
2020届上海市金山中学高三英语第二次联考试卷及答案
2020届上海市金山中学高三英语第二次联考试卷及答案第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AMarch means spring inSt. Louis. The city hosts plenty of events — both indoor and outdoor — that make March a perfect crowd-free month to visit. You may even want to plan your trip around it.See the Butterflies at Morpho Mardi GrasPHONE +1314-577-0888In the Butterfly House inFaustPark, thousands of bright blue butterflies are on display. These butterflies — types found mostly in South America, Mexico, and Central America — include over 29 different species and 147 subspecies(亚种）, making the venue a wonderful place for kids, as they can learn about the critical role butterflies play in nature.Enjoy March Madness with Arch MadnessPHONE +1314-622-5400March is the best time of the year for basketball fans. The action inSt. Louisbegins with March Madness, the Missouri Valley Conference Tournament. Games take place during the first week in March at theScottradeCenter.Catch a Fabulous Fox Theatre Broadway ShowPHONE +1314-534-1111Each month, the Fabulous Fox Theatre hosts a variety of touring Broadway shows. And while tickets are slightly cheaper than that inNew York City, the quality of the performances doesn’t lack one bit. Check the schedule and buy tickets ahead of time, as the shows generally fill the venue.Celebrate World Eagle Day at the World Bird SanctuaryPHONE +1636-225-4390World Eagle Day is celebrated with live eagle presentations, educational activities and games. Learn aboutAmerica’s national symbol, as well as other foreign species. Get your photo taken with your favorite bird or adopt an eagle.1. Which of the following is attractive to kids?A. Seeing the Butterflies at Morpho Mardi Gras.B. Enjoying March Madness with Arch Madness.C. Catching a Fabulous Fox Theatre Broadway Show.D. Celebrating World Eagle Day at the World Bird Sanctuary.2. If you are a basketball fan, you can call________.A. +1314-577-0888B. +1314-622-5400C. +1314-534-1111D. +1636-225-43903. Why does the author recommend the Fabulous Fox Theatre?A. It is one of the branches of Broadway.B. It isnot far away fromNew York City.C. It doesn't charge the audience for tickets.D. It provides wonderful shows with cheaper tickets.BI got my first bike when I was nine years old. Jimmy, the bike, was my first love. I rode it everywhere. The suburb, the back lanes, the fields and forests, the river paths and swampland were far more exciting than any adventure novel or television series.There’s nothing quite like the relationship between a child and his bicycle and the endless happiness two wheels and a pair of strong legs offer. No video or computer game can replace the liberation of being alone on a bicycle.As parents, to deny children the simple pleasure of riding a bike is a failure of our responsibilities to raise independent and stable young citizens. We should offer our children a healthy alternative to hours in front of an addictive screen. Studies have shown that cycling promotes not only muscle growth but brain growth. Guess which country has children with the best mental health outcomes and is regularly the top of listings of the happiest young people. No surprise it’s theNetherlands, the unquestioned leader among industrial countries in encouraging bicycle use.Our dependence on cars has degraded the public transport system, polluted our sky, led to the untimely death of thousands every year, and denied children safe access to their suburbs. A recent study found that 69% of children were accompanied to school. The same study found that a similar number of parents drove to work.In some regions ofJapan, when children start their first year of school, parents are expected to walk with them for the first few weeks, introducing them to residents and shopkeepers along the chosen route, letting the community take care of these children. However, driving children to school isproscribed. Children can choose to ride a bike or walk to school after they are familiar with the community, and it’s the community’s role to keepthem safe.Therefore, I strongly advise the government to provide better infrastructure (基础设施). Build separated cycle lanes, decrease speed limits, and design street scapes that favour people over cars. The results will be less pollution, quieter suburbs, a healthier population and, best of all, happy and independent children.4. What can we infer about the author from the text?A. He was addicted to computer games.B. He liked taking adventurous trips in nature.C. He had great fun exploring the outside by cycling.D.He got his first birthday present at the age of nine.5. Why does the author mention theNetherlandsin Paragraph 3?A. To introduce his good way of raising independent children.B. To illustrate the great influence riding has on mental health.C. To stress the importance of being physically and mentally healthy.D. To explain cycling does best in city development in theNetherlands.6. What does the underlined word “proscribed” in Paragraph 5 probably mean?A. Recommended.B. Protected.C. Delayed.D. Forbidden.7. How does the author mainly support his idea?A. By analyzing causes.B. By listing examples.C.By giving definitions.D. By analyzing scientific data.CMedha Gupta sometimes felt worried about making the 20-minute walk from the corner where the school bus dropped her off to her home in Herndon -especially during the colder months in winter.Her mother, Divya Gupta had a suggestion: write an app. Shewas half-kidding,but Medha didn't take the challenge lightly. So she set out to work.The result was Safe Travel, an app designed by Medha to help walkers feel more secure when travelling alone. Using the iPhone, a person can program it to send a warning to someone he or she trusts if he or she fails to arrive at a destination within a certain time.It was the first iOS app that Medha had created. While she didn't think much would come from the project, her effort caught the eye of judges for the annual Congressional App. Challenge, who selected her as the winner for Virginia's 10th District.The App Challenge is designed to encourage students to consider careers in science, technology, engineering, and math by experimenting with coding and computer science. Winning students are invited lo attend a reception on Capitol Hill in April and also received $250 in Amazon Web Service credits.Medha said it took her about 40 hours to design, program and test the app. As for her next app? Medha's not certain. She temporarily has her app-development ambitionson holdbecause she's busy teaching herself artificial intelligence to help deal with improper words on Facebook. Yes,she knows that there are teams of engineers probably doing the same thing. But she figures it can't hurt her own part, too.“If we see something wrong with the world, we should do something about it,” she said. “After all, the only one stopping us from doing something is ourselves. ”8. Why did Medha Gupta feel worried?A. It took a long time to walk home.B. It was difficult to write an app.C. It was colder than ever in winter.D. It was unsafe to walk home alone.9. What is Medha's attitude to her mother's challenge?A. Serious.B. Casual.C. Uncertain.D. Indifferent.10. What does the underlined phrase “on hold” in Paragraph 6 mean?A. Developed.B. Delayed.C. Achieved.D. Satisfied.11. What's the main idea of the text?A. Medha signed up for the App Challenge.B. Medha designed Safe Travel successfully.C. An app Safe Travel guides walkers home.D. The App Challenge directs students to choose careers.DThe connection between people and plants has long been the subject of scientific research. Recent studies have found positive effects. A study conductedin Youngstown，Ohio，for example, discovered that greener areas of the city experienced less crime. In another，employees were shown to be 15% more productive when their workplaces were decorated with houseplants.The engineers at the Massachusetts Instituteof Technology(MIT)have taken it a step further changing the actual composition of plants in order to get them to perform diverse，even unusual functions. These include plants that have sensors printed onto their leaves to show when they’re short of water and a plant that can detect harmful chemicals in groundwater.＂We’re thinking about how we can engineer plants to replace functions of the things that we use every day,＂explained Michael Strano, a professor of chemical engineering at MIT.One of his latest projects has been to make plants glow(发光)in experiments using some common vegetables. Strano’s team found that they could create a faint light for three-and-a-half hours. The light，about one-thousandth of the amount needed to read by，is just a start. The technology, Strano said, could one day be used to light the rooms or even to turn trees into self-powered street lamps.In the future，the team hopes to develop a version of the technology that can be sprayed onto plant leaves in a one-off treatment that would last the plant’s lifetime. The engineers are also trying to develop an on and off＂switch＂where the glow would fade when exposed to daylight.Lighting accounts for about 7% of the total electricity consumed in the US. Since lighting is often far removed from the power source(电源)-such as the distance from a power plant to street lamps on a remote highway-a lot of energy is lost during transmission(传输).Glowing plants could reduce this distance and therefore help save energy.12. What is the first paragraph mainly about?A. A new study of different plants.B. A big fall in crime rates.C. Employees from various workplaces.D. Benefits from green plants.13. What is the function of the sensors printed on plant leaves by MIT engineer?A. To detect plants’ lack of waterB. To change compositions of plantsC. To make the life of plants longer.D. To test chemicals in plants.14. What can we expect of the glowing plants in the future?A. They will speed up energy production.B. They may transmit electricity to the home.C. They might help reduce energy consumption.D. They could take the place of power plants.15. Which of the following can be the best title for the text?A. Can we grow more glowing plants?B. How do we live with glowing plants?C. Could glowing plants replace lamps?D. How are glowing plants made pollution-free?第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
2020年上海市金山区高考英语二模试卷
2020年上海市金山区高考英语二模试卷Ⅰ.Listening Comprehension Section ADirections： In Section A， you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation， a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questionswill be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it，read the four possible answers on your paper， and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1．(★★★★★)A． In a hospital．B． In a school．C． In a kindergarten．D． In a tourist office．2．(★★★★★)A． Improving her cooking skills．B． Tasting the food made by Tom．C． Having a picnic．D． Showcasing her talents to Tom．3．(★★★★★)A． Supportive．B． Hesitant．C． Indifferent．D． Disapproving．4．(★★★★★)A． In January．B． Until winter vacation．C． During Christmas season．D． Right now．5．(★★★★★)A． The foundation of the theatre．B． A change to the theatre．C． The removal of the seats．D． The figure of the audience．6．(★★★★★)A． It can help to find the patients easily．B． It can record patients' conditions．C． It gives patients medical advice．D． It makes records available to doctors and nurses．7．(★★★★★)A． He doesn't want to draw．B． He prefers to make the labor division himself．C． He is good at drawing．D． He is happy because he doesn't have to draw．8．(★★★★★)A． The key to the woman's success．B． The changes on the market．C． The management of the woman's company．D． The feeling of being a manager．9．(★★★★★)A． To paint the doors．B． To paint the ceiling．C． To continue his job．D． To take the job home．10．(★★★★★)A． Because she is accustomed to the food there．B． Because the food is better there than at the school dining hall．C． Because it is a quiet place．D． Because they can't go to the school dining hall．Section BDirections： In Section B， you will hear several passages and longer conversations， after each passage or conversation， you will be asked several questions. The passages and the conversations will be read twice， but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question， read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.11．(★★★★★)（1）A． Factors determining intelligence．B． A story of identical twins．C． The importance of intelligence．D． How to get a higher IQ．（2）A． Because only one could enter college．B． Because they were abandoned by their parents．C． Because their parents died when they were only babies．D． Because the psychologists did an experiment researching human intelligence．（3）A． John got a better education than his identical brother Peter．B． Children growing up in wealthy families are smarter．C． Environment is important to the development of one's intelligence．D． An isolated community has more educational opportunities．12．(★★★★★)（1）A． Unwrapping a new album．B． Having a newly-bought car．C． Entering a newly-purchased house．D． Having access to an online account．（2）A． It is nice to share the account on Amazon．B． The sharing economy makes full use of cars．C． Consumers consider ownership more important than access．D． The sharing economy makes clear relationship between consumers and products．（3）A． The sharing economy develops car manufacturing．B． It is good for environment to increase the usage of goods．C． The sharing economy reshapes the market and benefits people．D． In the sharing economy， companies bridge the gap between people and resources．13．(★★★★★)（1）A． Products．B． Locations．C． Coffee making techniques．D． Staff quality．（2）A． She made a questionnaire．B． She talked with customers．C． She wrote a handbook for the employees．D． She applied for a job at Starbucks．（3）A． Customers are especially concerned about the service of a cafe．B． The more expensive the coffee beans and milk， the better the coffee is．C． Customers want more varieties of coffee．D． Customers rely on the brand image when they are making choices．（4）A． Because the manual will be the latest version．B． Because it will tell customers detailed product information．C． Because it includes important policies and procedures．D． Because employees enjoy reading it．II. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections： After reading the passage below，fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word， fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word； for the other blanks， use one word that best fits each blank.14．(★★★)A ban on distracted walkingYou can't walk down the street without passing so-called "smart-phone zombies （僵尸）．" They are too absorbed in their screen （1） to watch （watch）where they are going． Almost four in ten people admit having suffered atechnology-related small accident （2） because they pay more attention to their electronic device than to the pavement．Now the city of Honolulu， Hawaii， has decided it's time to take immediate action and make it illegal to cross the road while using a mobile phone． Those （3）caught （catch） using phones， tablets or other electronic devices at crossing points could face a fine of up to ﹩100．Honolulu is the first major U． S． city to ban （4） what is called "distracted walking．" It comes after a study found there （5） had been （be）more than 11，000 injuries in the United States resulting from phone-related distraction while walking in the past few years．To explain the decision， mayor Kirk Caldwell said， "We hold the unfortunate honor of being a major city （6） where more pedestrians are hit in crosswalksthan almost any other city in the country．"Under the fine systems．（7） whoever breaks this law for the first time will get a fine of ﹩15 to ﹩35． People breaking the law for a second or thirdtime will get a ﹩99 fine．The law， which is called the Distracted Walking Law， does permit an exception． Pedestrians （8） can/may use such devices in the street to call emergency services and rescue workers， such as firefighters and police officers．If you still want to text while walking， you could avoid （9） being fined （fine） in Honolulu by using a voice-controlled digital assistant such as Siri or Google Assistant． Or you could just wait （10） until you are again， safely，off the street．Section BDirections： Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.15．(★★★)A． parental B． balance C． declined D． deposit E． downloaded F． engagingG． financial H． immediately I． listing J． deliberatelyK． purchasesGiving kids allowances in the smart-phoneAllowances are a constant． No matter how much technology interferes with the parent-child relationship， kids still want money and parents still want to impart （赋予）a basic work ethic． But putting stickers on chore（日常事务）charts and dropping coins in piggy banks don't cut it with the smart-phone generation．Parents in search of more （1） F ways to teach children the value of money are turning to allowance-tracking apps， where kids can see their （2） B rise and fall in real time．Bonnie Koon， a mother of three in Crawfordville， Fla．， used to post a calendar on her refrigerator （3） I her kids chores， to the embarrassmentof her 16-year-old twins． After seeing a Facebook ad for the app Green-light， she （4） E it．Green-light links to parents' bank accounts so that the payout can be seamless． Parents can encourage saving by paying interest on the money that isn't spent （5） H -- interest out of the parents' own pockets， of course．It's the first taste of （6） G freedom for many kids， and it's set in a relatively safe environment． Parents can determine spending limits and choose the retailers（零售商）where a child can make （7） K ． If a child attempts tobuy something at an unapproved store or to spend more than the limit， the transaction（交易）is （8） C and parents get a notification． And if a kid loses the card， parents can immediately cancel it from the app．One of Ms． Koon's twins． Brenna， works part time at a restaurant． She's putting half of her pay check into a car-insurance savings fund she set up in the app， whit the goal of saving $450 by July．With each （9） D ，the app givesBrenna a progress update．Some parents might worry that relying on apps to get kids to do chores only encourages them to be on their phones more． But parents who have chosen this approach argue that they are meeting their kids where they are and that it takes the （10） A nagging（唠叨）out of the equation． The real-time look at their accounts makes the concepts of saving and spending more tangible than reviewing a bank statement．III. Reading Comprehension Section A Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.16．(★★★★)If you like to take a walk in the woods in the United States or you prefer to decorate a tree at Christmas， you should know that climate change is making both of those activities a lot more （1） B ．Looking at two （2） A and economically important species -- the Douglas fir and the Ponderosa pine -- scientists found that fires and drought （3） Bby climate change make new growth difficult， especially in low-elevation forests，according to a study published Monday in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences．Some forests in four regions in California， Colorado， the Northern Rockies and the southwestern part of the United States have crossed "a（n）（4） C climate tipping（转折）point for post-fire tree generation，" the study says．Climate conditions over the past 20 years have （5） A changes that would have taken decades or even centuries to （6） B across broad regions of the country． This is leading to the sudden （7） B of trees and making these lands increasingly unsuitable for tree regeneration．"Climate changes is （8） D our forests now， not just in some distant future． Maybe in areas where there are really （9） A seed sources， there could be some trees， but it is becoming really hard to get these trees back due to climate change，" said study co-author Kim Davis．The problem probably won't get any better， as climate change is making intense wildfires much more （10） B ． Western foresters say there used to be a fire season． But devastating and （11） C fires have become a reality all year long． In 2018， fire cost California more than ﹩9.05 billion， according to the USA insurance commissioner， the deadliest and most destructive wildfires season in the （12） B history．A higher number of fires and low seed availability means a high probabilitythat these trees in these regions won't come back， Davis said． This study （13）A on the driest and hottest areas of the Western forests， but researchers will next try to focus on how much will be impacted．（14） C ， there are some things people can do to ease some of this problem． Forest management plans that reduce high-severity burns canhelp． Increasingly， forest managers are considering allowing some fires to burnunder more moderate conditions， Davis said， Forest （15） B ．（1）A． convenient B． difficult C． encouraging D． frustrating（2）B． apparently C． physically D． financiallyA． ecologically（3）A． destroyed B． worsened C． extended D． established（4）A． necessary B． enormous C． critical D． invisible（5）A． accelerated B． delayed C． eliminated D． strengthened（6）A． transform B． spread C． preserve D． escape（7）A． extinction B． decline C． tragedy D． increase（8）A． sustaining B． abandoning C． facilitating D． endangering（9）A． sufficient B． limited C． moderate D． approximate（10）A． occasional B． common C． essential D． temporary（11）B． hopeless C． costly D． irreversibleA． astonishing（12）A． world B． state C． human D． forest（13）B． depended C． insisted D． commentedA． concentrated（14）A． As aB． For example C． In fact D． What's moreresult（15）A． savers B． managers C． researchers D． advocatesSection BDirections： Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A， B， C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.17．(★★★)EU members' states have agreed to ban a toxic substance widely foundin clothing because it poses an "acceptable risk" to the environment． Countries voted in favor of extending existing restrictions on nonylphenol ethoxylates （NPE）to imports to clothing and other textile products．The measure is intended to protect species in water． Use of NPE in textilemanufature in Europe was banned over 10 years ago but the substance is still released into the water environment through imported textiles being washed．NPE degrades in the environment into substances including nonylphenol （NP），which accumulates in the bodies of fish and disturbs their hormones， harming fertility， growth and sexual development．NPE is used in textile manufacture as a cleaning and dyeing agent． The EU decision notes that several studies have found NPE to be present in textile items． A 2011 study by Greenpeace found NPE in two-thirds of clothes tested，including items sold by big-name brads such as Adidas， H&M， Lacoste， and Ralph Lauren． The NGO （Non-Governmental Organizations） argued that although concentrations of NPE found in the clothes were low， the chemical's existence in the environment posed a risk．The new ban on textiles containing NPE in concentrations equal to or greater than 0.01% will enter into force five years after it is adopted by the European Commission， which is likely to happen in September．In comments submitted to ECHA （European Chemicals Agency）， clothing and textile firms have warned that obeying the restriction will be difficult because NPE [is ubiquitous] in the supply chain and has numerous uses．The new restriction will not apply to second-hand goods or recycled textiles because it is assumed that these will already have been washed several times so they contain negligible（微不足道的）amounts of NPE．EU countries must eliminate pollution of water bodies by NP as it is a priority substance under the Water Framework Directive． A 2013 study by the UK environment agency warned that emissions from textiles could prevent progress towards this objective． It found 29% of imported cotton underwear contained NPE， which was released during the first two washes by the consumer．（1）The 2011 study by Greenpeace found C ．A． 29% of imported cotton underwear contained NPEB． NPE had limited effects on aquatic speciesC． NPE was widely present in textile productsD． clothes of good quality had no concentrations of NPE（2）What's the possible meaning of the underlined part "is ubiquitous" is Paragraph 7？ CA． is legally protectedB． is not easy to be foundC． seems to be every whereD． is uncommon（3）What can we learn from the text？ BA． The original ban on use of NPE was very effective．B． Recycled textile contain less NPE．C． The new ban on imports of textile has come into force．D． The UK environment agency is optimistic about the new ban．（4）Which section of the website does the text come from？ DA ． Lifestyle ．B ． Technology ．C ． Business ．D ． Environment ．18．(★★★)LettersComments on the March Issue（1）How did Antia Lawrence react to her husband's diagnosis ？ BA ． She felt very painful ．B ． She gained some life lessons ．C ． She paid more attention to her own health ．D ． She showed deep sympathy for her husband ．（2）According to Sam Kieffer's letter ， what can be learn about John All ？ CA ． He is an expert in mountaineering ．B ． He wrote the article entitled Trapped Inside a Glacier ．C ． Not all people could survive in the same situation as he did ．D ． His story is the best one that Sam Kieffer has ever read in Reader's Digest ． （3）Who is likely to disagree with what is said in the commented article ？ DA ． Edward Deckerd ．B ． Antia Lawrence ．C ． Sam Kieffer ．D ． Janet Toole ．40 Smart Ways to Save at the Supermarket Your caution not to fall for fake sales reminded me of when I was a stock boy at my neighborhood grocery in the 1950s ． One time ， we got a delivery of off-band vegetables ． I priced them at ten cents a can ． I don't think we sold more than six cans -- until I put up sign that said "Special ： Nine for $1．" I set them out Thursday evening ， and by noon on Saturday they were gone ． Edward Deckerd ， Perrywille ， MissouriTrapped Inside a Glacier Reading about John All's experience on Mount Himlung was very inspiring to me ． A man with 15 broken bones and bleeding internally being able to climb up a 70-foot wall of ice and survive for 18 hours at 20，000 feet is something that I would have though to be impossible ． I am 16 years old and a lifelong reader ． Out of all the great content in Reader's Digest ， stories like his are the ones I enjoy the most ． Sam Kieffer ， Richardson ， TexasBill's Last ， Best Gift Track Grant's article resonated （与……产生共鸣）deeply with me ． Twelve years ago ， my husband ， Don ， was diagnosed with terminal brain cancer ． As hiscaregiver ， I ， too ， learned toappreciate the people and things around me and not to sweat the small stuff ， andin the long run ， I became a much better person ． Don also gave me his last ， bestDishes Professional Chefs Cook in the MicrowaveMicrowaving live lobsters in inhumane and cruel ． Because lobsters feel pain ，Switzerland has recently outlawed the practice of boiling them live ． A similar law was passed in Italy ， where it is nowillegal to put lobsters on ice before cooking them ． I hope you provide anupdate to your story promoting humanegift of love and peace．Antia Lawrence，San Diego， California practices instead of cruel and violent ones．Janet Toole，Phoenixville， Pennsylavnia19．(★★★)What makes us love some things and hate others？ We know that sometimes even the tiniest change can result in a huge difference in how weperceive something， so is there any rhyme or reason to our tastes and preferences？Here are three factors which play a role．1． Conforming to expectationIn London a few years ago， two talented rappers called Silibil N' Brains tookto the stage to perform at a music industry show for unsigned bands． They were an instant hit． Their outrageous West Coast - American style， brilliant rap lyrics and couldn't - care - less attitude had the music industry's talent spottersfalling over themselves to sign the pair． In a short space of time， Silibil N' Brains had a deal with a top management company， a contract with a major record label and an advance of ﹩70，000 -- and they hadn't even made a record． Before long， they were on tour with Eminem and out partying with Madonna． They wereliving the dream．But two years ago the same two rappers were laughed off stage by the sametalent spotters for singing the same sons． So what was the difference？ Amazingly，it was their accent． You see， Silibil N' Brains weren't， in fact， from West Coast U． S． A． at all． They were from Dundee in Scotland． During the first audition they had used their Scottish accents when rapping and it had not gone down well． "They just laughed at us，" recalled Brains． "We were heartbroken． We went back to Scotland [with our tail between our legs]"． The lesson for them wasthat to succeed， you have to conform to expectations and at that time everyone expected rappers to be American．2． The benefit of hindsightSome people are simply ahead of their time． It's common knowledge that Vincent van Gogh sold only one painting in his lifetime -- the other 900 or so were unknown and unloved until after his death． Monet's paintings． at least in his early career， was considered incomplete and ugly by critics at the time， while Vermeer，the painter of Girl With a Pearl Earring， even had to use his mother-in-law as a guarantor when he borrowed money -- so unable was he to sell any of his work! Now that public taste has caught up with these artists， more or less anything they touched has an astronomical price tag attached to it． Perhaps the reason is thatit just takes a while to get used to something -- after all， not all beauty is obvious at first sight．3． A reassuring price tagIn a world where the range of products on offer can be completely bewildering，we often look to price as an indication of quality． We may think we prefer the expensive wine to the cheap one， but we may simply be influenced by the price tag． Even professionals can make the mistake． A researcher from the University of Bordeaux in France took an average bottle of red wine and poured it into two emptybottles， on with an expensive label and the other with a cheap one． Then heinvited 57 wine "experts" to taste the wine． Forty of them recommended the wine from the expensive bottle， describing it as "agreeable"， "complex"， "balanced" and "rounded．" while the same wine from the expensive bottle， describing it as "agreeable"， "complex"， "balanced" and "rounded，" while the same wine from the cheap bottle was described as "weak" and "flat"， with only 12 of the experts recommending it． The study made the researcher unpopular with the French wine tasters， but he did prove that price has a significant impact on taste．（1）Which of the following statements about Silibil N' Brains is true？ CA． Talent spotters fell in love with them at first sight．B． They are from the West Coast of America．C． Their success was attributed to behaving and sounding like American rappers．D． They were friends with famous stars like Madonna even before they succeeded．（2）The underlined phrases "with our tail between our legs" indicates that A ．A． their first audition proved a failureB． they felt proud of their performanceC． they learned a valuable lessonD． being humble might contribute to their future success（3）We an infer from the second factor that B ．A． some artists are better known when they are alive than when they are deadB． public taste usually falls behind famous artistsC． beauty at first sight lasts much longerD． Monet's paintings are priceless because of their incompleteness（4）What can we learn from the last paragraph？ DA． A price tag always fails to indicate the quality of a product．B． A price tag is less likely to confuse customers than the packaging．C． Low price will make the wine unpopular with tasters．D． A price tag will cloud a person's judgement of something．Section CDirections： Read the following. Fill in each blank with a propersentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that thereare two more sentences than you need.20．(★★★)Are Bamboo-Eating Pandas Really Herbivores？On the outside， giant pandas look like herbivores（食草动物）． They spend nearly all of their waking hours eating bamboo． But on the inside， they're built like carnivores（食肉动物）． About half of the calories they eat come from protein，according to a new study．The ancestor of giant pandas were omnivorous（杂食的）． They are both animals and plants， and had the digestive system and gut bacteria to metabolize（使发生新陈代谢）them． They had "umami taste receptors，" to appreciate the flavors of meat． However， about 2.4 million years ago， things began to change．（1） DTheir jaw and teeth evolved to help them crush bamboo， and their wrist bone became capable of grasping the stalks（杆）of their favorite plant． Scientists think pandas switched to eating bamboo partly because they didn't have to fight withother animals to get it． Bamboo is high in fiber but has a low concentration of nutrients， so pandas have to eat 20 to 40 pounds of the plant every day just toget by．David Raubenheimer， a nutritional ecologist at the University of Sydney， and his colleagues put GPS trackers on two giant pandas and followed their movement throughout the year． They discovered that the pandas followed the protein．（2）A At the start of the cycle， they ate Bashania fargesii leaves until they got the chance to feast on young shoots， which contained more protein．The more the shoots grew， the more their protein was diluted（冲淡）byfiber． That caused the pandas to move to higher ground， where Fargesiaqinlingensis grew． First， they ate the shoots， but these， too， went from being protein - rich to fiber-rich as they grew． The panda responded by switching to the leaves．（3） E The researchers found that about half of the calories the pandas ate were in the form of protein．（4） B "They can know exactly where to go， and when to go， so they can get the most of the nutrients that their ecosystem can provide，" said SilviaPineda - Munoz， who was not involved in the study．The work also shows that classifying an animals as herbivore or carnivore is more complex than one might sassume． "It's not whether you're eating plants but what of the plants you're eating，" said Pineda - Munoz．A． Between August and April， they sought food in low elevations（海拔）onChina's Qinling Mountains．B． Scientists think the research show that pandas are very clever．C． Pandas eat bamboo all day long except when they are sleeping or playing．D． The gene for their "umami taste receptors" became inactive．E． They fed on them until they went back down the mountain and started eating Bashania fargesii leaves again．F． Scientists have conducted many studies on pandas' eating habits．IV. Summary Writing21．(★★★)Directions： Read the following passage． Summarize the main idea and the main point（s） of the passage in no more than 60 words． Use your own words as far as possible．Herbal MedicineHerbal medicine， which has been used for medicinal purposes， is the use of plants to treat diseases． Many herbalists use the entire plant， from the flowers，stems， leaves， and roots， in the form of everything from teas to pills． These plants contain natural， chemical things that can treat the body for a variety ofdiseases， such as allergies， asthma， rheumatoid arthritis， migraine， chronic fatigue， and cancer， among others．Nowadays an increasing number of people prefer to adopt these plants to treat their diseases because， compared with chemical medicine， herbal medicine has its own advantages． Herbal medicine and remedies are more effective than chemical medicine for certain diseases． The chemical medicine given by a chemist could have certain negative side effects． However， many of the herbal medicine and remediesto not have negative side effects． If any， they are softer than chemical medicine． Obesity is the cause of many of the health problems． Herbal medicinecan help weight loss more effectively and improve overall health．However， the cure using herbal medicine and supplements would take some time，and therefore people are supposed to possess enough patience． Worse still， herbal medicine contains a variety of ingredients and people have to be sure that their body agrees with the ingredients and that it is not allergic（过敏）．A point worth mentioning here is that herbal remedies and medicine for certain illnesses may have negative side effects． These side effects may not be shown at once， but would take months or even years． In the early stages， if the herbal medicine is not agreeing with you， it is wise to stop using it．When used correctly and directed by doctors， herbs can help treat a variety of disease． But keep in mind that the herbal medicine industry is not regulated， so herbal products are often misleading and may contain additives that are not listed on the label． Some herbs may cause allergic reactions or interact with other drugs，and some are poisonous if used improperly or at high doses． Taking herbs on your own increases your risk．V. TranslationDirections： Translate the following sentences into English， using the words given in the brackets.22．(★★★)一闻到这种蛋糕的味道我就总会想起童年．（associate） I always associate the smell of the cake with my childhood．23．(★★★)我们不能想当然地认为我们永远不会面对危险生命的紧急情况．（grant）We can't take it for granted that we will never face life-threatening emergencies．24．(★★★)尽管这些产品价格昂贵，但它们经久耐用，永不过时．（as） Expensive as these products are， they last long and never go out of style．25．(★★★)让许多孩子感到烦恼的是家长们似乎没有充分意识到保护隐私的重要性，总喜欢在社交媒体上发布孩子的照片．（bother） What bothers many children is that their parents seem not to be fully aware of the importance of protecting privacy and always like to post their children's photos on social media．VI. Guided Writing。
上海市长宁、金山区2020年高考教学质量检测(二模)英语试题及答案(word版)
长宁、金山区2020-2020学年第二学期教学质量监测高三年级英语学科试卷2020.4 考生注意：1.考试时间120分钟，试卷满分140分。
2.本次考试设试卷和答题纸两部分。
所有答题必须涂（选择题）或写（非选择题）在答题纸上，做在试卷上一律不得分。
3.答题前，务必在答题纸上填写准考证号和姓名，并将核对后的条形码贴在指定位置上，在答题纸反面清楚地填写姓名。
I. Listening ComprehensionSection A1. A. At a train station. B. At a travel agency.C. At a bus station.D. At an airport.2. A. Receptionist and guest. B. Teacher and student.C. Boss and secretary.D. Husband and wife.3. A. $5 B. $10 C. $15 D. $504. A. Confused. B. Annoyed. C. Embarrassed. D. Bored.5. A. Planning to phone a friend. B. Camping in the countryside.C. Touring in a wonderful city.D. Discussing a weekend plan.6. A. The woman will soon be a superstar.B. Camping in the countryside.C. The woman should find a new partner.D. The woman should not give up.7. A. To a dress-up party. B. To the tailor’s.C. To the theater.D. To a shopping mall.8. A. Youngster s don’t really know what fashion is.B. Styles change more quickly than necessary.C. People should care more about their appearance.D. It’s not sensible to go after designer clothing.9. A. He will have an agent serve the woman.B. The woman should buy an apartment.C. He will talk to the woman in a moment.D. The woman should pay the rent first.10. A. Keep working at the restaurant.B. Wash dishes for her in the kitchen.C. Stop delivering flowers every day.D. Leave the present job to work for her.Section BDirections: In Section B, you will hear several longer conversation(s) and short passage(s), and you will be asked several questions on each of the conversation(s) and the passage(s). The conversation(s) and the passage(s) will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.11. A. The location. B. The scenery. C. The seafood. D. The culture.12. A. Attract whales to the closershore. B. Tell people where to see whales.C. Warn people to stay away from shore.D. Go around to gather enough visitors.13. A. It is held every other year in summer.B. It helps Whale Crier to show his talents.C. It guarantees every to find something to enjoy.D. It is one of the best eco-art festivals in South Africa.Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.14. A. Weak bones. B. Loose teeth C. Skin problems. D. Heart diseases.15. A. Having food rich in vitamin.B. Walking midday in the sun with no suncream.C. Taking vitamin D pills every day.D. Wearing darker coloured clothes and sunhats.16. A. To analyze the common causes of lack of vitamin D.B. To encourage people to be exposed to the sun for vitamin D.C. To emphasize the importance of vitamin D in one’s healthD. To introduce some different ways to gain vitamin D.Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.17. A. She wants to find a topic for her research.B. She tries to help the man with his paper.C. She hopes to learn how to write a paper.D. She plans to work on a similar topic.18. A. In 1813. B. In 1826. C. In 1839. D. In 1856.19. A. They are mainly grown for the domestic market.B. They were introduced to China from Australia.C. They were the first plant to be planted in England.D. They are kept warm in large plastic houses.20. A. Growth of domestic economy in Australia.B. Export and import of bananas in Australia.C. History of banana cultivation in Australia.D. Role of agriculture in Australian economy.II. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections: Read the following two passages. Fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word. For the other blanks, fill in each blank with one proper word. Make sure that your answers are grammatically correct.Surviving Art TraditionNative American Indians expressed themselves through their artwork, which is carved onto totem (图腾)poles. Many people hold the belief (21) __________all Native American Indian tribes (部落) carve的totem poles, but this is far from the truth . Carving totem poles was a tradition among many tribes , especially those that lived along the Pacific coast (22)____________forest grew. However , those Native American Indians who lived in the south west and the plains , and Indians , but (23)_____ (few) trees to carve than Pacific tribes.The height of totem poles can vary considerably . Long ago totem poles (24)___________(find) to stand around 12m tall . Today , Native American Indian artists continue to care trees, but some totem poles are short and are used in homes as decoration .(25)_____________is not surprising that a genuine pole will cost more than $1500 per meter because traditionally carved totem involve a great deal of work , craftsmanship and time to produce.The raising of a totem pole is an important celebration among the India tribe . A hole is dug for the pole to stand in . The pole is carried to the site in a ceremony which other hundreds of people attend. Ropes are used (26)__________(raise) the pole into place. Singing and dancing to drums accompanies the pole raising . Often poles are raised in this way (27)___________the carving begins . Carvers do their jobs then on the site.Many people believe that totem poles are religious symbols , but this idea is false. Instead of (28) __________(act) as religious symbols , carvings represent the tribal nation and convey the tribes’ history . The story of a totem pole is frequently passed down from generation to generation . Havingthe story documented this way helps keep this tradition (29) __________(recognize) in our history . These days , many totem poles no longer exist (30)_______ __________ decay and rot. However , there are still some tribes that continue to practice this ancient are form , and these totem poles are still being enjoyed by collections of tribal art.Section BDirections: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.A. acknowledgingB. bottledC. consequencesD. demandingE. financialF. FurtherG. inappropriately H. handle I. negativeJ. neglect K. unresolvedEmotional DebtMany people today live under the weight of debt from loans or credit cards . As harmful as___31_______ debt is , there is another form of debt that is even more damaging------emotional debt.Dr . James Richards states that emotional debt occurs …when we experience emotional pain that remain ______32___.” If the pain is not dealt with , it will affect us our entire lives. Throughout the years , we have chances for happiness , love and success . But unresolved pain can emerge , causing us to respond in ways that aren’t reasonable , resulting in destroyed relationships and lost opportunities . Another ___33____result of emotional debt is that our friends and loved ones are affected by it and pay a high price. When we have a tendency to respond _____34____, we often hurt those around us . Unfortunately our unsettled problems sometimes become too much for them to _____35____ causing them to abandon the relationship .People with destructive patterns should check their lives for signs of unresolved pain , for your emotional debt can come from various forms of past unfair , cruel or violent treatment or ____36_____. You may be holding onto painful memories of controlling parents or very_____37_____teachers , also you may not have dealt with the pain of a broken relationship or the death of a loved one. Any negative emotion that you have controlled over the year can come back to cause harm when you least expect it.Recognize your feelings , but don’t focus on them all the time , because ___38______and challenging your pain is difficult , but recognizing it is the first step toward dealing with it . Admit you are angry about the past , and discuss it with someone you trust , or write it down because this will ease some of the danger and hatred you’ve kept _____39____ up for years . Refuse to be a victim and accept responsibility for dealing with your painful past because this puts you in charge and limits the power your emotions have over you .Take specific steps to resolve your emotional debt now rather than deal withthe___40_____later .III. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.Ask S iri if she’s a woman. Go ahead; try it. She’ll tell you she’s ______41_____. “Like cacti. And certain species of fish,” she might say. So is Amazon’s Alexa, Microsoft’s Cortana, Samsung’s S V oice, and Google Now. But, man, do they ever sound a lot like women. ____42_______, we think of them as ladies too. (In Old Norse, Siri translates to “a beautiful woman who leads you to victory.”) We assign female pronouns to them, and, in turn, they fold feminine turns of phrase into their robotic and occasionally inane answers to our requests.If we prize gender diversity in other areas of daily life, why does our tech soundso_____43______? The biggest reason for the femal e phone fixation rests in social science. “Research indicates there’s likely to be greater accept ance of female____44_______,” says Karl MacDorman, an associate professor at Indiana University who specializes in human-computer interaction. MacDorman and his team played clips of male and female voices to people of both genders, then asked them to identify which they _____45______. The researchers also measured the way participants responded to the voices. In a 2011 paper, they reported that both women and men said female voices came across as warmer. _____46______, women even showed a subconscious preference for responding to females; men remained subconsciously neutral.Why the_______47____? Stanford University communications professor Clifford Nass, whoco authored the field’s seminal book, Wired for Speech, wrote that people tend to perceive female voices as helping them solve their problems by themselves, while they view male voices as authority figures who tell them the answers to their problems. We want_____48______ to help us, but we also want to be the boss of it, so we are more likely to opt for a female interface.This tendency suggests that companies will make a better impression on a______49_____group of customers with a woman’s voice. But not just any voice. It has to______50_____a brand’s p ersonality. For help with that, companies often turn to Greg Pal, vice president of marketing, strategy, and business development at Nuance Communications, which licenses its _____51______ of more than 100 voices. Pal insists that some brands choose male s peakers. He turned on his iPhone and pulled up the Domino’s Pizza app, which has an assistant, Dom. He sounded like my high school English teacher—educated and helpful but not______52_____. That’s about right f or a brand attempting to____53_______ guys ordering pies before the big game.As voice technology improves, though, designers say diversity will too. Many devices already let you _______54____ a voice interface. Homer Simpson can tell you where to take a left on your GPS device. And Siri can become a sir, if you take the time to ___55________. Want to know how to do it? Ask her. She’ll tell you in her uniquely warm, helpful—and female—tone.41. A. robotic B. high-tech C. genderless D. creative42. A. Culturally B. Obviously C. Grammatically D. Undoubtedly43. A. female B. ridiculous C. professional D. reasonable44. A. charm B. researchers C. speech D. participants45. A. accepted B. misunderstood C. studied D. preferred46. A. In practice B. On the contrary C. By this means D. At first47. A. neutrality B. prejudice C. authority D. conscience48. A. interaction B. technology C. personality D. society49. A. more sociable B. more talented C. broader D. wealthier50. A. improve B. develop C. admire D. suit51. A. market B. business C. research D. library52. A. strange B. bossy C. reliable D. unique53. A. appeal to B. look into C. meet with D. run after54. A. build B. tailor C. play D. improve55. A. repeat B. assist C. reprogram D. communicateSection BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)This is the opening of a short story in a town in the United States by Alison RandallWhen Frank and I stepped through the post office doors, there was a crowd gathered, gawking at the new fixture on the wall like a chorus of wide-mouthed frogs. I had to get closer, and that was where being a girl that's scrawnier than a wire fence came in handy. Fortunately, Frank, my twin of eleven years, was just the same."Come on." I said, grabbing his hand, and we slid through the cracks between people until we spilled out in front.Finally I got a good look. It was fixed to the plaster next to the postmaster's window, the place of honor usually reserved for the Wanted posters. Beady-eyed Zedekiah Smith, the bank robber, still hung there, but even he had been pushed aside for something more important.A telephone. The first one in town."How's it work?" Noah Crawford called out. Noah's the best fix-it man around, and I could tell he was itching to get his fingers on those shiny knobs."Don't rightly know," answered the postmaster, and he tugged at his goatee as if it might tell him. "I do know the sound of your voice moves along wires strung on poles. It's sort of like the telegraph, only you hear words instead of dots and dashes.""Ah," the crowd murmured, and I felt my own mouth move along.I gazed at that gleaming wood box and something happened inside me. Something — I can only guess — that might be like falling in love. The thought of talking into that box — of making my voice sail through wires in the sky — it took over my brain. I couldn't get it out."Frank," I whispered to my twin. "I have to use that telephone."Five minutes later, Frank towed me up Main Street, toward home. "Liza — " he began, but I cut him off. We two thought so much alike, I had Frank's questions answered before he even asked.56. People crowded in the post office because ___________.A. they were attracted by a new posterB. the postmaster was delivering a speechC. they were curious about the telephoneD. there was a wanted bank robber captured57. Which of the following is Not True according to the passage?A. Many people stared at the new device in open-mouthed amazement.B. The slight-figured twins managed to push to the front of the crowd.C. Even the best fix-it man in the town got no idea about the new device.D. The postmaster didn’t know anything about how the telephone worked.58. By“ It took over my brain. I couldn’t get it out.”,we get a clear picture of the girl’s ______.A. eagerness to use the telephoneB. fascination for the wood boxC. puzzlement over the strange soundD. determination to fly in the sky59. What is the passage mainly about?A. The twins’ frustrating experiences in the town.B. A special assembly called in the local post office.C. People’s reaction to the arrival of the first telephone.D. A great celebration of the start of telephone service.(B)Welcome to the LUSH Life!Out values are at the core of everything we do. From morally sourcing each ingredient and piece of packing to creating fresh, innovative cosmetics by hand, you’ll find a world of love and care in every product. Breathe deeply and soak up everything inside this box: we’ve made it just for you!A LUSH LIFEWE BELIEVE…in making effective products from fresh organic(有机的) fruit and vegetables, the finest essential oils and safe synthetics. We believe in buying ingredients only from companies that do not conduct tests on animals and in testing our products on humans. We invent our own products and fragrances(香料). We ma ke them fresh by hand using no preservative. We also believe words like ‘Fresh’ and‘Organic’ have an honest meaning beyond marketing.Handmade Fighting Animal TestingEverything we do is made for you, by us: each product is carefully crafted by experts in our cosmetic kitchens, and each gift is lovingly packed by hand. There are real, smiling people behind every aspect of our business. Watch for their face sticker on your next purchase--it’s our seal of handmade quality.You can rest easy knowing each and every LUSH product is 100% cruelty-free. For over 30 years, we’ve been buying ingredients only from companies that do not conduct tests on animas, and testing our products on human volunteers.Naked!When it comes to packaging, less is more--a nd none is even better! We’ve revolutionized the cosmetics industry by inventing solid, unpackaged products which save millions of plastic bottles from being produced, transported and disposed of every year. Any packaging we do use is recycled or recyclable.Charity PotSpread a little love. Hand and body creamis canned in our Charity Pot, which gives 100%of its purchase price to grassroots causes benefiting people, animals and the environment.To learn more about the charities we support and how to apply for funding, visit60. From the leaflet, we can get to know all the following facts about LUSH except _____.A. providing financial support to societyB. taking the lead in cosmetics marketingC. testing on humans instead of on animalsD. crafting and packing their products by hand61. In the section Naked!, LUSH claims that they _______.A. advocate recyclable or even no packagingB. sell cosmetics without any wrapping paperC. have invented some recyclable cosmeticsD. have improved ways of transporting products62. What is LUSH’s business philosophy we can find from the leaflet?A. The market image of a company should make way for its beliefs.B. Cosmetics are among the essentials of our lives in modern society.C. Homegrown vegetables and fruit are natural and reliable sources of cosmetics.D. Social responsibilities of a company can go hand in hand with profit making.(C)Since quitting can start feelings such as guilt and shame, we often do everything possible to avoid it. “We’re taught from our earlist days that if you quit something. It means you’re a failure,”says counseling psychologist Will Meek. He, however, suggests we view quitting differently.Quitting is like deciding to rearrange a room: yo u’ve grown comfortable with the status, and i t can be hard to picture the end result or even see why change is necessary. And yet, there’s the upsetting feeling that you’re no longer entirely satisfied with your current circumstances, perhaps even that you’ve stopped making progress. While it’s not o ut of the question for feeling or regret to surface after a major refit, leaving a position, project or situation can reveal exciting possibilities, making you feel inspired and renewed.Quitting, often happens in situations where we’re unhappy, fearful or have determined we have no other choice, factors that can have opposing effects on our health. Perhaps you find your work unfulfilling, or you’ve jumped into a new relationship before you’re ready —and, as a result, you’re operating under intense pressure.“If stress is enduring and not managed well, it can start to take a toll.”says Meek. According to the American Psychological Association, long-term, ongoing stress can increase the risk for high blood pressure and heart attack, so walking away from whatever is causing it can deliver significant physical and emotional health benefits.“We often see a reduction in the stress hormone cortisol (应激激素皮质醇), which can lower blood pressure and may even decrease the heart rate,” says Dr Alex Lickerman, a GP and expert on developing mental adaptability.Leaving situations that fail to bring you joy can leave you with sufficient time to explore where your heart is truly leading you. In a study that was published in 1999, then Harvard University professor Hermina Ibarra looked at how bankers tried different roles that required new skill sets—someone who spent a lot of time dealing with computers, for instance, was asked to take on personal interactions. Subjects were especially drawn to acting out a version of their future solves through …imitation strategies’—an approach they compared to …trying on different clothes,’ Mark Franklin, the president of CareerCyles, suggests a similar approach as a way to figure out what your true desires might be in your post-quitting life and foresee your future self.“Pretend to be a certain kind of person, or go and meet others who are doing what you want to do.” he says, “Try it on, see how it feels and decide if it’s a good fit for you.”It may not feel like it at the time, but just movin g on from a situation that’s not quite right can help you get back on track.63. It can be inferred from paragraph 2 that quitting may bring us feelings of being both ____.A. guilty and ashamedB. stupid and enthusiasticC. troubled and hopefulD. inspired and determined64. The phrase “take a toll”(paragraph 3)can be best replaced by“_____”.A. develop mental adaptabilityB. bring about changesC. keep up the pressureD. have a bad effect65. An approach suggested by Mark Franklin similar to …trying on different clothes’ is for_______.A. helping people find what truly suits them in careerB. telling capable employees from inadequate onesC. training employees to acquire different working skillsD. providing people with opportunities to have a role play66. It can be concluded from the passage that ______.A. quitting is track that only the timid will choose to followB. personal interaction can be must for reducing emotional pressureC. mental adaptability can be improved by the stress hormone cortisolD. knowing when to stop is wise and may make dreams happenSection CDirections: Complete the following passage by using the sentences given below. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.A. Scientists use indirect methods to discover exoplanets.B. Most exoplanets are very different from the ones in our solar system.C. As the star moves unsteadily, it changes the wavelength of the light we see.D. Astronomers have detected signals indicating the presence of a planetE. However, we have developed the technology to prove their existence only in the last few decades.F. Direct detection of the visible light from giant planets in space is becoming increasingly possible.Exoplanets(外行星): The Hunt Is OnToday scientists believe that planets could outnumber the stars. For centuries, scientists and natural philosophers have proposed that stars in the night sky have planetary systems similar to our own solar system. The existence of extrasolar planets, or exoplanets, has long been discussed.___67___ Although not the first exoplanet discovery, a planet near a sun-like star was discovered by astronomers in 1995. This kicked off an era of exoplanet hunting, with thousands of discoveries and confirmations following in its wake.___68___ However, in 2020 NASA’s Kepler space telescope found its first Earth-sized planet in a “habitable”zone. This is the distance form a star where surface temperatures of a planet wouldn’t be too hot or too cold for liquid water. So far, only a small slice of our galaxy, the Milky Way, has been explored. Even so, scientists have confirmed over 3,500 exoplanets, with more being added every day.To detect exoplanets, scientists use data from a variety of sources. Large ground-based telescopes, earth-circling and sun-circling satellites all collect different types of information. Because exoplanets are so far away and very close to stars, it is very difficult to see them directly. ___69___ For example, when an exoplanet moves between its star and us, it causes a small drop in the star’s brightness. Measuring this drop is the transit(凌日)method of discovery. NASA’S Kepler space t elescope has discovered many exoplanets this way.As a planet circles a star, it pulls on it and causes it to shake. ___70___ Measuring theseslight changes is the radial velocity(径向速度)method of discovering planets. It is one of the most productive methods for finding and confirming exoplanets.These are just two examples of the many methods scientists use in their hunt for exoplanets, hoping for more information and enhanced detail. As time progresses and technology improves, who knows what else we may find!Ⅳ.Summary WritingHopeNothing in my life had prepared me for what I had to do. Choosing my words carefully, and fighting to stay calm, I told my 4-year-old daughter that her grandmother had suffered a stroke(中风),that she was unconscious, and that the doctors said she would probably never wake up. As she moved closer to me, Amelia looked at me, eyes bright, and said, “Maybe Grandma will beokay.”“Maybe she will,” I said, keeping back the tears, But I knew better. I was flying up to Myrtle Beach, South Carolina, from our Florida home in the morning to say good-bye to my mom.The rest of that awful week, I joined my brother and father sitting by my mother’s side in the hospital room. I held her hand and talked to her. I told her that we still needed her. I told her that it wasn’t time to leave yet. I told her how much I loved her. And I told her that her little granddaughter, Amelia, believed that she’d get better. The doctors, with all their years of training and experience, offered no hope for recovery. The damage was simply too extensive.Then, a couple of weeks later, an odd thing happened. Mom woke up. She regained consciousness. Persevered through a long and tough recovery, during which she had to learn to walk, read, and write all over again, and eventual ly returned home to Dad. The only one who wasn’t shocked was Amerlia. The doctors couldn’t explain it. Amelia didn’t need to. Hope came as naturally to her as breathings.So why are we so afraid to hope sometimes? Maybe it’s because over the year, life’s disappointments can turn us to disillusionment(理想破灭). How many times have you heard someone say:“Hope for the best, expect the worst”?That’s not really hope at all.Hope is being able to look at our world with all of the joy and wonder of a child.___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________V. TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.72. 只有多练，你才能提高驾驶技术。
2020上海金山高三英语二模试卷
2020上海金山高三英语二模I.Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1. A. In a hospital. B. In a school.C. In a kindergarten.D. In a tourist office.2. A. Improving her cooking skills. B. Tasting the food made by Tom.C. Having a picnic.D. Showcasing her talents to Tom.3. A. Supportive. B. Hesitant.C. Indifferent.D. Disapproving.4. A. In January. B. Until winter vacation.C. During Christmas season.D. Right now.5. A. The foundation of the theatre. B. A change to the theatre.C. The removal of the seats.D. The figure of the audience.6. A. It can help to find the patients easilyB. It can record patients' conditions.C. It gives patients medical advice.D. It makes records available to doctors and nurses.7. A. He doesn't want to draw.B. He prefers to make the labor division himself.C. He is good at drawing.D. He is happy because he doesn't have to draw.8. A. The key to the woman's success.B. The changes on the market.C. The management of the woman's company.D. The feeling of being a manager.9. A. To paint the doors. B. To paint the ceiling.C. To continue his job.D. To take the job home10. A. Because she is accustomed to the food there.B. Because the food is better there than at the school dining hall.C. Because it is a quiet place.D. Because they can't go to the school dining hall.Section BDirections: In Section B, you will hear several passages and longer conversations, after each passage or conversation, you will be asked several questions. The passages and the conversations will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 to 13 are based on the following passage.11. A. Factors determining intelligence.B. A story of identical twins.C. The importance of intelligence.D. How to get a higher IQ.12. A. Because only one could enter college.B. Because they were abandoned by their parents.C. Because their parents died when they were only babies.D. Because the psychologists did an experiment researching human intelligence.13. A. John got a better education than his identical brother. Peter.B. Children growing up in wealthy families are smarter.C. Environment is important to the development of one's intelligence.D. An isolated community has more educational opportunities.Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.14. A. Unwrapping a new album.B. Having a newly-bought car.C. Entering a newly-purchased house.D. Having access to an online account.15. A. It is nice to share the account on Amazon.B. The sharing economy makes full use of cars.C. Consumers consider ownership more important than access.D. The sharing economy makes clear relationship between consumers and products.16. A. The sharing economy develops car manufacturing.B. It is good for environment to increase the usage of goods.C. The sharing economy reshapes the market and benefits people.D. In the sharing economy, companies bridge the gap between people and resources.Questions 17 and 18 are based on the following conversation.17. A. Products.B. Locations.C. Coffee making techniques.D. Staff quality.18. A. She made a questionnaire.B. She talked with customers.C. She wrote a handbook for the employeesD. She applied for a job at Starbucks.19. A. Customers are especially concerned about the service of a cafe.B. The more expensive the coffee beans and milk, the better the coffee is.C. Customers want more varieties of coffee.D. Customers rely on the brand image when they are making choices.20. A. Because the manual will be the latest version.B. Because it will tell customers detailed product information.C. Because it includes important policies and procedures.D. Because employees enjoy reading it.II. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.A ban on distracted walkingYou can’t walk down the street without passing so-called “smart-phone zombies（僵尸）.” They are too absorbed in their screen (21) _________ (watch) where they are going. Almost four in ten people admit having suffered a technology-related small accident (22) _________ they pay more attention to their electronic device than to the pavement.Now the city of Honolulu, Hawaii, has decided it’s time to take immediate action and make it illegal to cross the road while using a mobile phone. Those (23) _________ (catch) using phones, tablets or other electronic devices at crossing points could face a fine of up to $ 100.Honolulu is the first major U. S. city to ban (24) _________ is called “distracted walking.” It comes after a study found there (25) _________ (be) more than 11,000 injuries in the United States resulting from phone-related distraction while walking in the past few years.To explain the decision, mayor Kirk Caldwell said, “We hold the unfortunate honor of being a major city (26) _________ more pedestrians are hit in crosswalks than almost any other city in the country.”Under the fine systems. (27) _________ breaks this law for the first time will get a fine of $15 to $35. People breaking the law for a second or third time will get a $99 fine.The law, which is called the Distracted Walking Law, does permit an exception. Pedestrians(28) _________ use such devices in the street to call emergency services and rescue workers, such as firefighters and police officers.If you still want to text while walking, you could avoid (29) _________ (fine) in Honolulu by using a voice-controlled digital assistant such as Siri or Google Assistant. Or you could just wait (30) _________ you are again, safely, off the street.Section BDirections: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.Giving kids allowances in the smart-phoneAllowances are a constant. No matter how much technology interferes with the parent-child relationship, kids still want money and parents still want to impart（赋予）a basic work ethic. But putting stickers on chore（日常事务）charts and dropping coins in piggy banks don’t cut it with the smart-phone generation.Parents in search of more _____31_____ ways to teach children the value of money are turning to allowance-tracking apps, where kids can see their ______32______ rise and fall in real time.Bonnie Koon, a mother of three in Crawfordville, Fla., used to post a calendar on her refrigerator _____33______ her kids chores, to the embarrassment of her 16-year-old twins. After seeing a Facebook ad for the app Green-light, she ____34_____ it.Green-light links to parents’ bank accounts so that the payout can be seamless. Parents can encourage saving by paying interest on the money that isn’t spent ____35____ -- interest out of the parents’ own pockets, of course.It’s the first taste of ____36____ freedom for many kids, and it’s set in a relatively safe environment. Parents can determine spending limits and choose the retailers（零售商）where a child can make _____37_____. If a child attempts to buy something at an unapproved store or to spend more than the limit, the transaction（交易）is _____38_____ and parents get a notification. And if a kid loses the card, parents can immediately cancel it from the app.One of Ms. Koon’s twins. Brenna, works part time at a restaurant. She’s putting half of her paycheck into a car-insurance savings fund she set up in the app, whit the goal of saving $450 by July. With each _____39______, the app gives Brenna a progress update.Some parents might worry that relying on apps to get kids to do chores only encourages them to be on their phones more. But parents who have chosen this approach argue that they are meeting their kids where they are and that it takes the _____40_____ nagging（唠叨）out of the equation. The real-time look at their accounts makes the concepts of saving and spending more tangible than reviewing a bank statement.III. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.If you like to take a walk in the woods in the United States or you prefer to decorate a tree at Christmas, you should know that climate change is making both of those activities a lot more ____41____.Looking at two ____42____ and economically important species -- the Douglas fir and the Ponderosa pine -- scientists found that fires and drought _____43_____ by climate change make new growth difficult, especially in low-elevation forests, according to a study published Monday in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences.Some forests in four regions in California, Colorado, the Northern Rockies and the southwestern part of the United States have crossed “a(n) ____44____ climate tipping（转折）point for post-fire tree generation,” the study says.Climate conditions over the past 20 years have _____45_____ changes that would have taken decades or even centuries to ____46____ across broad regions of the country. This is leading to the sudden _____47_____ of trees and making these lands increasingly unsuitable for tree regeneration.“Climate changes is _____48_____ our forests now, not just in some distant future. Maybe in areas where there are really _____49_____ seed sources, there could be some trees, but it is becoming really hard to get these trees back due to climate change,” said study co-author Kim Davis.The problem probably won’t get any better, as climate change is making intense wildfires much more _____50_____. Western foresters say there used to be a fire season. But devastating and____51____ fires have become a reality all year long. In 2018, fire cost California more than $9.05 billion, according to the USA insurance commissioner, the deadliest and most destructive wildfires season in the ______52______ history.A higher number of fires and low seed availability means a high probability that these trees in these regions won’t come back, Davis said. This study _____53______ on the driest and hottest areas of the Western forests, but researchers will next try to focus on how much will be impacted._____54____, there are some things people can do to ease some of this problem. Forest management plans that reduce high-severity burns can help. Increasingly, forest managers are considering allowing some fires to burn under more moderate conditions, Davis said, Forest _____55_____.41. A. convenient B. difficult C. encouraging D. frustrating42. A. ecologically B. apparently C. physically D. financially43. A. destroyed B. worsened C. extended D. established44. A. necessary B. enormous C. critical D. invisible45. A. accelerated B. delayed C. eliminated D. strengthened46. A. transform B. spread C. preserve D. escape47. A. extinction B. decline C. tragedy D. increase48. A. sustaining B. abandoning C. facilitating D. endangering49. A. sufficient B. limited C. moderate D. approximate50. occasional B. common C. essential D. temporary51. A. astonishing B. hopeless C. costly D. irreversible52. A. world B. state C. human D. forest53. A. concentrated B. depended C. insisted D. commented54. A. As a result B. For example C. In fact D. What’s more55. A. savers B. managers C. researchers D. advocatesSection BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)EU members’ states have agreed to ban a toxic substance widely found in clothing because it poses an “acceptable risk” to the environment. Countries voted in favor of extending existing restrictions on nonylphenol ethoxylates (NPE) to imports to clothing and other textile products.The measure is intended to protect species in water. Use of NPE in textile manufature in Europe was banned over 10 years ago but the substance is still released into the water environment through imported textiles being washed.NPE degrades in the environment into substances including nonylphenol (NP), which accumulates in the bodies of fish and disturbs their hormones, harming fertility, growth and sexual development.NPE is used in textile manufacture as a cleaning and dyeing agent. The EU decision notes that several studies have found NPE to be present in textile items.A 2011 study by Greenpeace found NPE in two-thirds of clothes tested, including items sold by big-name brads such as Adidas, H&M, Lacoste, and Ralph Lauren. The NGO (Non-Governmental Organizations) argued that although concentrations of NPE found in the clothes were low, the chemical’s existence in the environment posed a risk.The new ban on textiles containing NPE in concentrations equal to or greater than 0.01% will enter into force five years after it is adopted by the European Commission, which is likely to happen in September.In comments submitted to ECHA (European Chemicals Agency), clothing and textile firms have warned that obeying the restriction will be difficult because NPE ubiquitous in the supply chain and has numerous uses.The new restriction will not apply to second-hand goods or recycled textiles because it is assumed that these will already have been washed several times so they contain negligible（微不足道的）amounts of NPE.EU countries must eliminate pollution of water bodies by NP as it is a priority substance under the Water Framework Directive. A 2013 study by the UK environment agency warned that emissions from textiles could prevent progress towards this objective. It found 29% of imported cotton underwear contained NPE, which was released during the first two washes by the consumer.56. The 2011 study by Greenpeace found _________.A. 29% of imported cotton underwear contained NPEB. NPE had limited effects on aquatic speciesC. NPE was widely present in textile productsD. clothes of good quality had no concentrations of NPE57. What’s the possible meaning of the underlined part “is ubiquitous” is Paragraph 7?A. is legally protectedB. is not easy to be foundC. seems to be every whereD. is uncommon58. What can we learn from the text?A. The original ban on use of NPE was very effective.B. Recycled textile contain less NPE.C. The new ban on imports of textile has come into force.D. The UK environment agency is optimistic about the new ban.59. Which section of the website does the text come from?A. lifestyleB. technology.C. Business.D. Environment.(B)LettersComments on the March Issue60. How did Antia Lawrence react to her husband’s diagnosis?A. She felt very painful.B. She gained some life lessons.C. She paid more attention to her own health.D. She showed deep sympathy for her husband.61. According to Sam Kieffer’s letter, what can be learn about John All?A. He is an expert in mountaineeringB. He wrote the article entitled Trapped Inside a Glacier.C. Not all people could survive in the same situation as he did.D. His story is the best one that Sam Kieffer has ever read in Reader’s Digest.62. Who is likely to disagree with what is said in the commented article?A. Edward Deckerd.B. Antia Lawrence.C. Sam Kieffer.D. Janet Toole(C)What makes us love some things and hate others? We know that sometimes even the tiniest change can result in a huge difference in how we perceive something, so is there any rhyme or reason to our tastes and preferences? Here are three factors which play a role.1. Conforming to expectationIn London a few years ago, two talented rappers called Silibil N’ Brains took to the stage to perform at a music industry show for unsigned bands. They were an instant hit. Their outrageous West Coast - American style, brilliant rap lyrics and couldn’t - care - less attitude had the music industry’s talent spotters falling over themselves to sign the pair. In a short space of time, Silibil N’ Brains had a deal with a top management company, a contract with a major record label and an advance of $70,000 -- and they hadn’t even made a record. Before long, they were on tour with Eminem and out partying with Madonna. They were living the dream.But two years ago the same two rappers were laughed off stage by the same talent spotters for singing the same sons. So what was the difference? Amazingly, it was their accent. You see, Silibil N’ Brains weren’t, in fact, from West Coast U. S. A. at all. They were from Dundee in Scotland. During the first audition they had used their Scottish accents when rapping and it had not gone down well. “They just laughed at us,” recalled Brains. “We were heartbroken. We went back to Scotland with our tail between our legs”. The lesson for them was that to succeed, you have to conform to expectations and at that time everyone expected rappers to be American.2. The benefit of hindsightSome people are simply ahead of their time. It’s common knowledge that Vincent van Gogh sold only one painting in his lifetime -- the other 900 or so were unknown and unloved until after his death. Monet’s paintings. at least in his early career, was considered incomplete and ugly by critics at the time, while Vermeer, the painter of Girl With a Pearl Earring, even had to use his mother-in-law as a guarantor when he borrowed money -- so unable was he to sell any of his work! Now that public taste has caught up with these artists, more or less anything they touched has an astronomical price tag attached to it. Perhaps the reason is that it just takes a while to get used to something -- after all, not all beauty is obvious at first sight.3. A reassuring price tagIn a world where the range of products on offer can be completely bewildering, we often look to price as an indication of quality. We may think we prefer the expensive wine to the cheap one, but we may simply be influenced by the price tag. Even professionals can make the mistake. A researcher from the University of Bordeaux in France took an average bottle of red wine and poured it into two empty bottles, on with an expensive label and the other with a cheap one. Then he invited57 wine “experts” to taste the wine. Forty of them recommended the wine from the expensive bottle, describing it as “agreeable”, “complex”, “balanced” and “rounded.” while the same wine from the expensive bottle, describing it as “agreeable”, “complex”, “balanced” and “rounded,” while the same wine from the cheap bottle was described as “weak” and “flat”, with only 12 of the experts recommending it. The study made the researcher unpopular with the French wine tasters, but he did prove that price has a significant impact on taste.63. Which of the following statements about Silibil N’ Brains is true?A. Talent spotters fell in love with them at first sight.B. They are from the West Coast of AmericaC. Their success was attributed to behaving and sounding like American rappers.D. They were friends with famous stars like Madonna even before they succeeded.64. The underlined phrases “with our tail between our legs” indicates that _________.A. their first audition proved a failureB. they felt proud of their performanceC. they learned a valuable lessonD. being humble might contribute to their future success65. We an infer from the second factor that ________.A. some artists are better known when they are alive than when they are deadB. public taste usually falls behind famous artistsC. beauty at first sight lasts much longerD. Monet’s paintings are priceless because of their incompleteness66. What can we learn from the last paragraph?A. A price tag always fails to indicate the quality of a product.B. A price tag is less likely to confuse customers than the packaging.C. Low price will make the wine unpopular with tastersD. A price tag will cloud a person’s judgement of something.Section CDirections: Read the following. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.Are Bamboo-Eating Pandas Really Herbivores?On the outside, giant pandas look like herbivores（食草动物）. They spend nearly all of their waking hours eating bamboo. But on the inside, they’re built like carnivores（食肉动物）. About half of the calories they eat come from protein, according to a new study.The ancestor of giant pandas were omnivorous（杂食的）. They are both animals and plants, and had the digestive system and gut bacteria to metabolize（使发生新陈代谢）them. They had “umami taste receptors,” to appreciate the flavors of meat.However, about 2.4 million years ago, things began to change. _____67_____ Their jaw and teeth evolved to help them crush bamboo, and their wrist bone became capable of grasping the stalks （杆）of their favorite plant. Scientists think pandas switched to eating bamboo partly because they didn’t have to fight with other animals to get it. Bamboo is high in fiber but has a low concentration of nutrients, so pandas have to eat 20 to 40 pounds of the plant every day just to get by.David Raubenheimer, a nutritional ecologist at the University of Sydney, and his colleagues put GPS trackers on two giant pandas and followed their movement throughout the year. They discovered that the pandas followed the protein. _______68______ At the start of the cycle, they ate Bashania fargesii leaves until they got the chance to feast on young shoots, which contained more protein.The more the shoots grew, the more their protein was diluted（冲淡）by fiber. That caused the pandas to move to higher ground, where Fargesia qinlingensis grew. First, they ate the shoots, but these, too, went from being protein - rich to fiber-rich as they grew. The panda responded by switching to the leaves. ______69______ The researchers found that about half of the calories the pandas ate were in the form of protein._______70_______ “They can know exactly where to go, and when to go, so they can get the most of the nutrients that their ecosystem can provide,” said Silvia Pineda - Munoz, who was not involved in the study.The work also shows that classifying an animals as herbivore or carnivore is more complex than one might sassume. “It’s not whether you’re eating plants but what of the plants you’re eating,” said Pineda - Munoz.IV. Summary WritingDirections: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.71. Herbal MedicineHerbal medicine, which has been used for medicinal purposes, is the use of plants to treat diseases. Many herbalists use the entire plant, from the flowers, stems, leaves, and roots, in the form of everything from teas to pills. These plants contain natural, chemical things that can treat the body for a variety of diseases, such as allergies, asthma, rheumatoid arthritis, migraine, chronic fatigue, and cancer, among others.Nowadays an increasing number of people prefer to adopt these plants to treat their diseases because, compared with chemical medicine, herbal medicine has its own advantages. Herbal medicine and remedies are more effective than chemical medicine for certain diseases. The chemical medicine given by a chemist could have certain negative side effects. However, many of the herbal medicine and remedies to not have negative side effects. If any, they are softer than chemical medicine. Obesity is the cause of many of the health problems. Herbal medicine can help weight loss more effectively and improve overall health.However, the cure using herbal medicine and supplements would take some time, and therefore people are supposed to possess enough patience. Worse still, herbal medicine contains a variety ofingredients and people have to be sure that their body agrees with the ingredients and that it is not allergic（过敏）.A point worth mentioning here is that herbal remedies and medicine for certain illnesses may have negative side effects. These side effects may not be shown at once, but would take months or even years. In the early stages, if the herbal medicine is not agreeing with you, it is wise to stop using it.When used correctly and directed by doctors, herbs can help treat a variety of disease. But keep in mind that the herbal medicine industry is not regulated, so herbal products are often misleading and may contain additives that are not listed on the label. Some herbs may cause allergic reactions or interact with other drugs, and some are poisonous if used improperly or at high doses. Taking herbs on your own increases your risk.V. TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.72. 一闻到这种蛋糕的味道我就总会想起童年。