最新CCNA第一学期第七章答案

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计算机网络-课后答案第七章

问题7-1：用一个例子说明置换密码的加密和解密过程。

假定密钥为CIPHER，而明文为attack begins at four，加密时明文中的空格去除。

答：在英文26个字母中，密钥CIPHER这6个字母在26个英文字母中出现的位置用红色a b然后按行问题7-2答：(1)向一个特定服务器非常快地发送大量任意的分组，使得该服务器过负荷因而无法正常工作。

(2)向一个特定服务器发送大量的TCP SYN报文段（即建立TCP连接的三次握手中的第一个报文段）。

服务器还误以为是正常的因特网用户的请求，于是就响应这个请求，并分配了数据结构和状态。

但攻击者不再发送后面的报文段，因而永远不能够完成TCP连接的建立。

这样可以浪费和耗尽服务器的大量资源。

这种攻击方式又称为SYN flooding（意思是使用同步标志进行洪泛）。

(3)重复地和一个特定服务器建立TCP连接，然后发送大量无用的报文段。

(4)将IP数据报分片后向特定服务器发送，但留一些数据报片不发送。

这就使得目的主机永远无法组装成完整的数据报，一直等待着，浪费了资源。

(5)向许多网络发送ICMP回送请求报文（就是使用应用层的PING程序），结果使许多主机都向攻击者返回ICMP回送回答报文。

无用的、过量的ICMP报文使网络的通信量急剧增加，甚至使网络瘫痪。

这种攻击方式被称为smurf攻击。

Smurf就是能够对网络自动发送这种ICMP报文攻击的程序名字。

分布式拒绝服务DDOS的特点就是攻击者先设法得到因特网上的大量主机的用户账号。

然后攻击者设法秘密地在这些主机上安装从属程序(slave program)，如图所示。

一时刻在拒绝服务和分布式拒绝服务都是很难防止的。

使用分组过滤器并不能阻止这种攻击，因为攻击者的IP地址是事先不知道的。

当主机收到许多攻击的数据报时，很难区分开哪些是好的数据报，而哪些是坏的数据报。

例如，当服务器收到请求建立TCP连接的SYN报文时，很难区分这是真的请求建立TCP连接，还是恶意消耗服务器资源的连接请求。

CCNA第一册2——11章所有答案

第二章1.下列哪些陈述正确指出了中间设备在网络中的作用？（选择三项）答案：1，确定数据传输路径3，重新定时和重新传输数据信号5，管理数据流2.请选择关于网络协议的正确陈述（选择三项）答案：1，定义特定层PDU的结构3，概述层与层之间通信所需的功能5，需要取决于协议层的封装过程3.封装的两个功能是什么？（选择两项）答案：4，标识属于同一通信的数据片段5，确保数据片段可以转发到正确的接收端设备4.数据链路层封装添加的报尾信息有何主要功能？答案：1，支持差错校验5.OSI模型哪两层的功能与TCP/IP模型的网络接入层相同？（选择两项）答案：3，物理层4，数据链路层6.什么是PDU？答案：4，特定层的封装7.以下哪种特征正确代表了网络中的终端设备？答案：2，发送数据流8.请参见图示。

IP地址为10.0.0.34的“手机A”已经与IP地址为172.16.1.103的“IP电话1”建立了IP会话。

请根据图示回答，下列哪个设备类型是对无线设备“手机A”功能的最准确描述？答案：2，终端设备9.请参见图示。

下列哪三个标签正确标识了图示网段的网络类型？（选择三项）答案：2，网络B—WAN 3,网络C—LAN 6，网络A—LAN10.下列哪三项陈述是对局域网（LAN）最准确的描述？（选择三项）答案：1，LAN通常位于一个地域内2，此类网络由一个组织管理5，LAN为同一个组织内的用户提供网络服务和应用程序访问11.请参见图示。

哪个网络术语描述了图中所示的数据交替发送过程？答案：4，多路复用12.第4层端口指定的主要作用是什么？答案：5，标识终端设备内正在通信的进程或服务13.哪种设备被视为中间设备？答案：5，交换机14.请参见图示。

哪个术语正确判断出了包含于区域B中的设备类型？答案：4，中间设备15.请参见图示。

所示网络属于哪一类型？答案：3，LAN16.哪一层负责将数据段封装成数据包？答案：3，网络层17.通过检查网络层头部可以确定什么？答案：2，目的主机地址18.请参见图示。

CCNA在线练习答案第七章

1设计师如何确定原型测试需包括的功能？设计师如何确定原型测试需包括的功能？他们选择符合业务需求的功能。

他们选择符合业务需求的功能。

他们选择在网络核心出现的功能。

他们选择现有网络中没有的功能。

他们从常见网络运行情况列表中选择功能。

2.请参见图示。

请参见图示。

针对网络设计中圈出的缺陷，针对网络设计中圈出的缺陷，可采取哪两项措施来弥补？可采取哪两项措施来弥补？可采取哪两项措施来弥补？（选择两项。

）两项。

）为所有最终用户提供冗余连接。

为所有最终用户提供冗余连接。

另外添加一个核心交换机来增大冗余度。

在用于将服务器群连接到每台核心交换机的服务器块中添加一台交换机。

向DMZ 另外添加一台交换机，并将新交换机与核心交换机直接连接。

另外添加一台交换机，并将新交换机与核心交换机直接连接。

提供一台冗余防火墙路由器，并将其连接到另一个提供一台冗余防火墙路由器，并将其连接到另一个 ISP 、核心交换机和、核心交换机和DMZ 。

3.网络工程师在设计网络安全性原型时可实施哪项网络工程师在设计网络安全性原型时可实施哪项 OSI 模型第模型第 2 层安全措施？层安全措施？网络边缘的防火墙网络边缘的防火墙接入设计层的端口安全性接入设计层的端口安全性接入设计层的端口安全性分布设计层的端口安全性分布设计层的端口安全性接入设计层的接入设计层的 IP 访问控制列表访问控制列表 4.请参见图示。

请参见图示。

在对图示的在对图示的 Cisco 网络进行原型测试时，必须检验连通性。

网络进行原型测试时，必须检验连通性。

假设所有连接均工作正常且在所有设备和接口上启用了设所有连接均工作正常且在所有设备和接口上启用了CDP ，则该命令是从哪台设备上发出的？设备上发出的？R 1 R1 S 1 R3 S 2 R5S35.请参见图示。

CCNA认证基础课程-课后作业.习题答案

CCNA认证基础-习题分析讲义第一部分第一章1. Convert the binary number 10111010 into its hexadecimal equivalent. Select thecorrect answer from the list below. （3）1) 852) 903) BA4) A15) B36) 1C2. Convert the Hexadecimal number A2 into its Base 10 equivalent. Select thecorrect answer from the list below. （4）1) 1562) 1583) 1604) 1625) 1646) 1663. Which binary number is a representation of the decimal number 248? （3）1) 111010002) 111101003) 111110004) 111110104. Which of the following will test the internal loopback of a node? （3）1) ping 10.10.10.12) ping 192.168.1.13) ping 127.0.0.14) ping 223.223.223.2235) ping 255.255.255.2555. What can be verified by successfully pinging the reserved loopback address ona host? （2）1) Connectivity exists between two hosts on the LAN.2) The TCP/IP stack of the local host is configured correctly.3) A connection exists between a host and the default gateway.4) The route a packet takes from the local host to a remote host is valid.6. Which of the following commands could be used on a Windows-basedcomputer to view the current IP configuration of the system? (Choose two.) （3，4）1) configip2) ifconfig3) ipconfig4) winipcfg5) Winipconfig7.Refer to the exhibit. What must be configured on Host B to allow it to communicate withthe Host C? (Choose three.) （2，4，6）1)the MAC address of RTA router interface connected to Switch 12) a unique host IP address3)the IP address of Switch 14)the default gateway address5)the MAC address of Host C6)the subnet mask for the LAN8. What are important characteristics to consider when purchasing a networkinterface card? (Choose two.) （2，3）1) security used on the network2) media used on the network3) system bus used on the computer4) software installed on the network5) diagnostic tools installed on the network第二章1. Select the necessary information that is required to compute the estimated timeit would take to transfer data from one location to another. (Choose two.) （1，5）1) file size2) data format3) network in use4) type of medium5) bandwidth of the link2. Using the data transfer calculation T=S/BW, how long would it take a 4MB file tobe sent over a 1.5Mbps connection? （2）1) 52.2 seconds2) 21.3 seconds3) 6.4 seconds4) 2 seconds5) 0.075 seconds6) 0.0375 seconds3. What are features of the TCP/IP Transport layer? (Choose two.) （3，5）1) path determination2) handles representation, encoding and dialog control3) uses TCP and UDP protocols4) packet switching5) reliability, flow control and error correction4. Which of the following is the Layer 4 PDU? （4）1) bit2) frame3) packet4) Segment5. What is important to remember about the data link layer of the OSI model whenconsidering Peer to Peer communication? (Choose three.) （3，4，5）1) It links data to the transport layer.2) It encapsulates frames into packets.3) It provides a service to the network layer.4) It encapsulates the network layer information into a frame.5) Its header contains a physical address which is required to complete the datalink functions.6) It encodes the data link frame into a pattern of 1s and 0s (bits) for transmissionon the medium.6. Which statement describes a star topology? （2）1) Each host in the network is connected to a backbone cable that is terminated atboth ends.2) Each host is connected to a hub or switch, either of which acts as a central pointfor all network connections.3) Each host is directly connected to two other hosts to form a long chain of hosts.4) Each host has a connection to all other hosts in the network.7. Which statements describe the logical token-passing topology? (Choose two.)（2）1) Network usage is on a first come, first serve basis.2) Computers are allowed to transmit data only when they possess a token.3) Data from a host is received by all other hosts. Electronic tokens are passedsequentially to each other.4) Token passing networks have problems with high collision rates.8. Which technologies are considered to be LAN technologies? (Choose two.) （2，5）1) DSL2) Token Ring3) Frame Relay4) ISDN5) Ethernet9.Refer to the exhibit. Host A wants to send a message to host B. Place the following stepsin the correct order so that the message can be sent. （4）A - add network layer addressesB - transmit bitsC - create application dataD - add data link layer addresses1) B, A, D, C2) D, A, C, B3) A, D, A, B4) C, A, D, B5) C, D, A, B6) C, B, A, D10.After an uns u ccessful ping to the local router, the technician decides to investigate therouter. The technician observes that the lights and fan on the router are not operational.In which layer of the OSI model is the problem most likely occurring? （4）1) transport2) network3) data link4) physical11. Refer t o the exhibit. What is the order of the TCP/IP Protocol Data Units as datais moved as indicated through the OSI model? （3）1) data, segments, frames, packets, bits2) data, packets, segments, frames, bits3) data, segments, packets, frames, bits4) data, packets, frames, segments, bits第三章1. Which combinations of charges will be repelled by electric force? (Choose two.)（4，6）1) neutral and neutral2) neutral and positive3) neutral and negative4) positive and positive5) positive and negative6) negative and negative2. Which of the following are considered the best media for use in data networkcommunications? (Choose three.) （2，3，6）1) glass2) fibers3) copper4) gold5) plastic6) silicon7) Silver3. Which of the following wireless standards increased transmission capabilitiesto 11 Mbps? （2）1) 802.11a2) 802.11b3) 802.11c4) 802.11d4. What is attenuation? （3）1) opposition to the flow of current2) measurement of electrical signals relative to time3) degradation of a signal as it travels along the medium4) amount or volume of traffic that is flowing on the medium5. Which cable specifications are indicated by 10BASE-T? （3）1) 10 Mbps transmission speed, baseband signal, 500 meter cable length, coaxialcable2) 10 Mbps transmission speed, broadband signal, 100 meter cable length, coaxialcable3) 10 Mbps transmission speed, baseband signal, 100 meter cable length,twisted-pair cable4) 10 Gbps transmission speed, broadband signal, 500 meter cable length,twisted-pair cable6. For which Ethernet installations would fiber optic rather than Cat5 UTP be abetter media choice? (Choose two.) （2，4）1) a 3 meter connection between two 10BASE-T hubs2) an environment with many potential sources of EMI and RFI3) a peer to peer connection between two NICs with RJ45 connectors4) an installation between two buildings that are located 500 meters apart5) a single building installation where installation costs are the major concern7. Refer to the exhibit. Which type of UTP cable should be used to connect Host Ato Switch1? （4）1) rollover2) console3) crossover4) straight-through8. Refer to the exhibit. Which type of Category 5 cable is used to make an Ethernetconnection between Host A and Host B? （3）1) coax cable2) rollover cable3) crossover cable4) straight-through cable第四章1. During cable testing, which of the following are used to calculate theinformation carrying capacity of a data cable? (Choose two.) （2，5）1) bit speed2) attenuation3) wire map4) saturation limit5) analog bandwidth2. What type of wiring problem is depicted in this sample of a cable tester? （3）1) a fault2) a short3) an open4) a split a good map3. In a new network installation, the network administrator has decided to use amedium that is not affected by electrical noise. Which cable type will best meet this standard? （5）1) coaxial2) screened twisted pair3) shielded twisted pair4) unshielded twisted pair5) fiber optic4. How does network cable length affect attenuation? （3）1) Category 5 cable that is run in metal conduit has the highest attenuation in theshortest distance.2) Shorter cable lengths have greater signal attenuation.3) Longer cable lengths have greater signal attenuation.4) The length of the cable has no effect on signal attenuation.第五章1. The highest capacity Ethernet technologies should be implemented in whichareas of a network? (Choose three.) （3，4，5）1) between workstation and backbone switch2) between individual workstations3) between backbone switches4) between enterprise server and switch5) on aggregate access links2. What device must be used between an AUI port of a networking device and themedia to which it is being connected? （3）1) a transducer2) a transmitter3) a transceiver4) a transponder5) a port replicator3. An ISDN Basic Rate Interface (BRI) is composed of how many signalingchannels? （1）1) 12) 23) 34) 44. Which layer of the OSI model covers physical media? （1）1) Layer 12) Layer 23) Layer 34) Layer 45) Layer 56) Layer 65. What type of network cable is used between a terminal and a console port? （3）1) cross-over2) straight-through3) rollover4) patch cable6. What is the recommended maximum number of workstations configured on apeer-to-peer network? （3）1) 252) 153) 104) 55) 27. Which of the following increases the potential for a collision to occur? （4）1) the use of an active hub instead of an intelligent hub2) the use of an intelligent hub instead of an active hub3) a reduction in the number of devices attached to the hub4) an increase in the number of devices attached to the hub8. What is the maximum length of a media segment used for 100BASE-TX? （1）1) 100 meters2) 185 meters3) 400 meters4) 500 meters9. Which cable diagram displays the end to end pinout for a crossover cable usedwith Cisco devices? （3）1) Cable A2) Cable B3) Cable C4) Cable D第六章1. What does the "10" in 10Base2 indicate about this version of Ethernet? （2）1) The version uses Base10 numbering within the frames.2) The version operates at a transmission rate of 10 Mbps.3) Frames can travel 10 meters unrepeated.4) The maximum frame length is 10 octets.2. How is a MAC address represented? （4）1) four groups of eight binary digits separated by a decimal point2) four Base10 digits separated by a decimal point3) six hexadecimal digits4) twelve hexadecimal digits5) twenty-four Base10 digits3. Which of the following statements are correct about CSMA/CD? (Choose three.)（1，3，6）1) It is a media access method used in LANs.2) It is a media access method used in FDDI WANs.3) When a device needs to transmit, it checks to see if the media is available.4) A device sends data without checking media availability because all deviceshave equal access.5) Multiple devices can successfully transmit simultaneously.6) Only one device can successfully transmit at a time.4. Which devices shown in the graphic must have a MAC address? （5）1) only PC2) only router3) PC and router4) PC, hub, and router5) PC, printer, and router第七章1. Which of the following items are common to all 100BASE technologies?(Choose three.) （1，4，5）1) frame format2) media3) connectors4) timing5) multi-part encoding2. Which of the following does 1000BASE-T use to accomplish gigabit speeds onCat 5e cable? （4）1) the use of four conductors in full-duplex mode2) the use of two multiplexed pairs of wires, simultaneously3) the use of three pairs of wires for data and the fourth for stabilization andforward error correction4) the use of all four pairs of wires in full-duplex mode, simultaneously3. For which of the following is Ethernet considered the standard? (Choose three.)（1，4，5）1) inter-building connection2) mid-length voice3) video conferencing4) vertical wiring5) horizontal wiring6) diagonal wiring4. To make sure timing limitations are not violated when implementing a 10 MbpsEthernet network involving hubs or repeaters, a technician should adhere to which rule? （4）1) the 4-5-3 rule2) the 6-4-2 rule3) the 3-4-5 rule4) the 5-4-3 rule5. What is the maximum distance that 10BASE-T will transmit data before signalattenuation affects the data delivery? （1）1) 100 meters2) 185 meters3) 300 meters4) 500 meters6. When using Category 5 UTP cable, which RJ-45 pin pairs are used to exchangedata between hosts on an Ethernet network? （2）1) 1 and 2; 4 and 52) 1 and 2; 3 and 63) 3 and 6; 7 and 84) 4 and 5; 7 and 8第八章1. John has been hired as the network administrator of a local company and hasdecided to add more hubs to the company's existing network. Which of the following has been caused by John's inexperience? （1）1) collision domain extended2) an increased number of collision domains3) increased network performance4) increased bandwidth5) extended bandwidth2. "CompA" is trying to locate a new computer named "CompB" on the network.Which of the following does "CompA" broadcast to find the MAC address of "CompB"? （2）1) MAC request2) ARP request3) ping4) Telnet5) proxy ARP3. Which of the following is a term associated with replacing hubs with switchesto increase the number of collision domains? （3）1) encapsulation2) latency3) segmentation4) layered model5) broadcast domain6) Extended4. The accumulation of traffic from which of the following can cause a networkcondition called broadcast radiation? (Choose three.) （3，5，6）1) anonymous FTP servers2) telnet sessions3) video over IP applications4) NAS services5) ARP requests6) RIP updates5. Which of the following describes the use of Spanning Tree Protocol (STP)? （4）1) resolve routing loops2) eliminate Split Horizon errors3) limit collisions4) resolve switching loops6. Which term describes the delay in time that occurs when a frame leaves itssource device and reaches its destination? （4）1) collision2) backoff3) attenuation4) latency5) broadcast7. Based on the graphic above, which of the following occurs as each host systemcomes on line in the topology? （2）1) The switch sends its MAC address to each host.2) The switch adds MAC address to the bridge table as each host sends a frame.3) Each host exchanges MAC addresses with each other.4) The switch listens for data traffic to block since the switch lacks an IP address. 8. Which devices segment collision domains? (Choose two.) （2，3）1) transceiver2) router3) switch4) hub5) media9. Which protocol is used to eliminate switching loops? （3）1) Transmission Control Protocol2) Routing Information Protocol3) Spanning Tree Protocol4) Interior Gateway Routing Protocol5) Internetworking Protocol10. Refer to the exhibit. A network associate needs to establish an Ethernetconnection between Host A and Host B. However, the distance between the two hosts is further than the cabling standards allow. Which two devices that operate at the physical layer of the OSI can be used to allow Host A and Host B to communicate? （2，5）1) switch2) hub3) bridge4) router5) repeater第九章1. Which term describes an ARP response by a router on behalf of a requestinghost? （3）1) ARP2) RARP3) Proxy ARP4) Proxy RARP2. Which protocol functions at the internet layer of the TCP/IP protocol suite? （4）1) File Transfer Protocol (FTP)2) Trivial File Transfer Protocol (TFTP)3) Transmission Control Protocol (TCP)4) Internet Protocol (IP)5) User Datagram Protocol (UDP)6) Simple Mail Transport Protocol (SMTP)3. Which of these workstation installation and setup tasks are concerned withnetwork access layer functions? (Choose two.) （2，4）1) configuring the e-mail client2) installing NIC drivers3) configuring IP network settings4) connecting the network cable5) using FTP to download application software updates4. Which part of an IP address identifies a specific device on a network? （4）1) first two octets2) third and fourth octets3) network portion4) host portion5) only the fourth octet5. Which of the following are features of the Internet Protocol (IP)? (Choose two.)（1，3）1) It is the most widely implemented global addressing scheme.2) It allows two hosts to share a single address on a local area network.3) It is a hierarchical addressing scheme allowing addresses to be grouped.4) It is only locally significant, used primarily on local area networks.6. Which of the following are useable Class A IP addresses with a default subnetmask? (Choose three.) （2，3，5）1) 127.0.39.12) 111.9.28.303) 123.1.2.1324) 128.50.38.25) 105.1.34.16) 0.23.92.37. Which application layer protocols use UDP at the transport layer? (Choose two.)（2，4）1) FTP2) SNMP3) Telnet4) DHCP5) SMTP第十章1. Which OSI layer encapsulates data into packets? （3）1) session2) transport3) network4) data link2. Which OSI layer defines the functions of a router? （3）1) physical2) data link3) network4) transport5) session3. Which of the following are Cisco proprietary routing protocols? (Choose two.)（2，6）1) RIPv22) IGRP3) OSPF4) BGP5) RIPv16) EIGRP4. A company with a Class B license needs to have a minimum of 1,000 subnetswith each subnet capable of accommodating 50 hosts. Which mask below is the appropriate one? （4）1) 255.255.0.02) 255.255.240.03) 255.255.255.04) 255.255.255.1925) 255.255.255.2245. A small company has a class C network license and needs to create five usablesubnets, each subnet capable of accommodating at least 20 hosts. Which of the following is the appropriate subnet mask? （3）1) 255.255.255.02) 255.255.255.1923) 255.255.255.2244) 255.255.255.2406. When a network administrator applies the subnet mask 255.255.255.248 to aClass A address, for any given subnet, how many IP addresses are available to be assigned to devices? （6）1) 10222) 5103) 2544) 1265) 306) 67. Host A is assigned the IP address 10.18.97.55 /21. How many more networkdevices can be assigned to this subnetwork if Host A is the only one that has an IP address assigned so far? （4）1) 2542) 5093) 10214) 20455) 40946) 81908.Refe r to the exhibit. The network administrator wants to create a subnet for thepoint-to-point connection between the two routers. Which subnetwork mask would provide enough addresses for the point-to-point link with the least number of wasted addresses?1) 255.255.255.1922) 255.255.255.2243) 255.255.255.2404) 255.255.255.2485) 255.255.255.2529. What is the correct number of usable subnetworks and hosts for the IP networkaddress 192.168.35.0 subnetted with a /28 mask?1) 6 networks / 64 hosts2) 14 networks / 32 hosts3) 14 networks / 14 hosts4) 30 networks / 64 hosts10. Which subnet masks would be valid for a subnetted Class B address? (Choosetwo.) （5，6）1) 255.0.0.02) 255.254.0.03) 255.224.0.04) 255.255.0.05) 255.255.252.06) 255.255.255.19211. Refer to the exhibit. How will the Fohi router dynamically learn routes to the192.168.16.16/28, 192.168.16.32/28, and 192.168.16.48/28 subnetworks? （3）1) with a static route2) with a routed protocol3) with a routing protocol4) with a directly connected route12. How many broadcast domains are shown in the diagram? （1）1) three2) four3) five4) six5) seven6) eight13. How many collision domains are shown in the diagram? （5）1) three2) four3) five4) six5) seven6) eight14. A router interface has been assigned an IP address of 172.16.192.166 with amask of 255.255.255.248. To which subnet does the IP address belong?1) 172.16.0.02) 172.16.192.03) 172.16.192.1284) 172.16.192.1605) 172.16.192.1686) 172.16.192.17615. Refer to the exhibit. Host A is sending data to Host B. Once R2 determines thatdata from Host A must be forwarded to R1 to reach Host B, which layer of the OSI model will R2 use to address and build the frames destined for R1?1) physical2) data link3) network4) transport5) session6) presentation16. Which type of address is 192.168.170.112/28?1) host address2) subnetwork address3) broadcast address4) multicast address17. Which type of address is 223.168.17.167/29?1) host address2) multicast address3) broadcast address4) subnetwork address18. Which combination of network id and subnet mask correctly identifies all IPaddresses from 172.16.128.0 through 172.16.159.255?1) 172.16.128.0 255.255.255.2242) 172.16.128.0 255.255.0.03) 172.16.128.0 255.255.192.04) 172.16.128.0 255.255.224.05) 172.16.128.0 255.255.255.19219. Refer to the exhibit. The internetwork in the exhibit has been assigned the IPaddress 172.20.0.0. What would be the appropriate subnet mask to maximize the number of networks available for future growth?1) 255.255.224.02) 255.255.240.03) 255.255.248.04) 255.255.252.05) 255.255.254.06) 255.255.255.0第十一章1. If a network administrator needed to download files from a remote server, whichprotocols could the administrator use to remotely access those files? (Choose two.) （3，5）1) NFS2) ASCII3) TFTP4) IMAP5) FTP6) UDP2. What is established during a connection-oriented file transfer betweencomputers? (Choose two.) （2，5）1) a temporary connection to establish authentication of hosts2) a connection used for ASCII or binary mode data transfer3) a connection used to provide the tunnel through which file headers aretransported4) a command connection which allows the transfer of multiple commands directlyto the remote server system5) a control connection between the client and server3. Which of the following protocols are used for e-mail transfer between clientsand servers? (Choose three.) （3，4，5）1) TFTP2) SNMP3) POP34) SMTP5) IMAP46) postoffice4. Which type of institution does the domain suffix .org represent? （4）1) government2) education3) network4) non-profit5. Which of the following services is used to translate a web address into an IPaddress? （1）1) DNS2) WINS3) DHCP4) Telnet6. Which part of the URL http://www.awsb.ca/teacher gives the name of thedomain? （4）1) www2) http://3) /teacher4) awsb.ca7. Which protocols are TCP/IP application layer protocols? (Choose two.) （2，4）1) UDP2) FTP3) IP4) SMTP5) TCP8. What are three characteristics of the TCP protocol? (Choose three.) （3，4，6）1) has less overhead than UDP2) is used for IP error messages3) forces the retransmission undelivered packets4) creates a virtual session between end-user applications5) carries the IP address of destination host in the TCP header6) is responsible for breaking messages into segments and reassembling9. Two peer hosts are exchanging data using TFTP. During the current session, adatagram fails to arrive at the destination. Which statement is true regarding the retransmission of the datagram? （2）1) Datagram retransmission requires user authentication.2) Datagram retransmission is controlled by the application.3) Datagram retransmission relies on the acknowledgements at transport layer.4) Datagram retransmission occurs when the retransmission timer expires in thesource host.案例学习1. 子网计算练习：Answer2. 子网号及广播地址计算练习Answer3. 子网规划练习：已知：给定一个C类地址201.16.5.0/24。

第七章课后习题参考答案

2. 试简单说明下列协议的作用：IP、ARP、RARP和ICMP。

答：IP协议：实现网络互连。

使参与互连的性能各异的网络从用户看起来好像是一个统一的网络。

ARP协议：完成IP地址到MAC地址的映射。

RARP：使只知道自己硬件地址的主机能够知道其IP地址。

ICMP：允许主机或路由器报告差错情况和提供有关异常情况的报告。

5. 试说明IP 地址与硬件地址的区别。

为什么要使用这两种不同的地址？答：IP地址在IP数据报的首部，而硬件地址则放在MAC帧的首部。

在网络层以上使用的是IP地址，而链路层及以下使用的是硬件地址。

在IP层抽象的互连网上，我们看到的只是IP数据报，路由器根据目的站的IP地址进行选路。

在具体的物理网络的链路层，我们看到的只是 MAC 帧，IP 数据报被封装在 MAC 帧里面。

MAC帧在不同的网络上传送时，其MAC帧的首部是不同的。

这种变化，在上面的IP层上是看不到的。

每个路由器都有IP 地址和硬件地址。

使用IP地址与硬件地址，尽管连接在一起的网络的硬件地址体系各不相同，但IP层抽象的互连网却屏蔽了下层这些很复杂的细节，并使我们能够使用统一的、抽象的IP地址进行通信。

6.（1）子网掩码为255.255.255.0代表什么意思？（2）一网络的子网掩码为255.255.255.248，问该网络能够连接多少台主机？（1）一A类网络和一B类网络的子网号subnet-id分别为16bit的8bit，问这两个网络的子网掩码有何不同？（2）一个B类地址的子网掩码是255.255.240.0。

试问在其中每一个子网上的主机数最多是多少？（3）一个A类地址的子网掩码为255.255.0.255。

它是否为一个有效的子网掩码？（4）某个IP地址的十六进制表示是C22F1481，试将其转换为点分十进制的形式.这个地址是哪一类IP 地址?（5）C类网络使用子网掩码有无实际意义?为什么?答：（1）C类地址对应的子网掩码值。

思科CCNA考试答案(全)

CCNA思科考试答案（全）第 1 章考试1一家拥有10 名员工的小型公司使用单个LAN 在计算机之间共享信息。

哪种类型连接适合此公司？由当地电话服务提供商提供的拨号连接能够使公司方便且安全地连接员工的虚拟专用网络通过当地服务提供商建立的私有专用线路通过当地服务提供商提供的宽带服务（如DSL）答案：4解析：对于这种小型办公室，比较适合通过被称为数字用户线路(DSL) 的常见宽带服务实现Internet 连接，这种服务由当地的电话服务提供商提供。

由于员工人数很少，带宽的问题并不突出。

如果公司较大，在远程站点有分支机构，则专用线路会更加适合。

如果公司员工需要通过Internet 与公司联系，则采用虚拟专用网。

2哪种网络情况需要使用WAN？员工工作站需要获取动态分配的IP 地址。

员工在出差时需要通过VPN 连接到公司电子邮件服务器。

分支机构的员工需要与同一园区网络上的另一座建筑物内的公司总部共享文件。

员工需要访问托管在其建筑物内DMZ 中的公司Web 服务器上的网页。

答案：2解析：当出差的员工需要通过WAN 连接到公司电子邮件服务器时，VPN 将通过WAN 连接在员工笔记本电脑与公司网络之间创建一个安全隧道。

通过DHCP 获取动态IP 地址是LAN 通信的功能。

在企业园区的不同建筑物之间共享文件可通过LAN 基础设施来实现。

DMZ 是企业LAN 基础设施内一个受保护的网络。

3以下哪项描述了WAN 的特征？WAN 和LAN 在同一地理范围内运行，但有串行链路。

WAN 网络归运营商所有。

所有串行链路均被视为WAN 连接。

WAN 可提供到园区主干网的终端用户网络连接。

答案：2解析：WAN 可用于将企业LAN 互连到远程分支机构站点LAN 和远程工作人员站点。

WAN 归运营商所有。

虽然WAN 连接一般通过串行接口实现，但并不是所有串行链路均连接至WAN。

LAN（而非WAN）可在组织中提供终端用户网络连接。

4电路交换WAN 技术的两个常见类型是什么？（请选择两项。

(完整版)ccna1章节与期末答案

第一章：正确答案：2.4.5•解析：由于不需要使用网络设备和专用服务器，对等网络易于创建，复杂性更低，且成本更少。

而且对等网络也没有集中管理。

这种网络安全性更低，不可扩展，而且那些同时充当客户端和服务器的设备可能性能更差正确答案：1解析：正确答案： 3.5解析：选择网络介质的条件包括：所选介质可以成功传送信号的距离、要安装所选介质的环境、必须传输的数据量和速度以及介质和安装的成本。

正确答案：3和4解析：终端设备上的应用程序可以生成数据，更改数据内容并且负责启动封装过程。

正确答案：1和4解析：终端设备会发出通过网络传输的数据。

中间设备会在链路发生故障时通过备用路径传输数据，并且会过滤数据传输以增强安全性。

网络介质提供网络消息的传输通道。

正确答案：4解析：外联网是公司外部的人或企业合作伙伴访问数据的网络区域。

内部网只描述通常仅供内部人员访问的网络区域。

当设备连接到有线网络时，有线LAN 会受BYOD（自带设备）影响。

使用大学无线LAN 的设备多为平板电脑和智能手机。

大学生主要使用无线WAN 来访问他们的手机运营商网络。

.正确答案：2解析：由于通过Internet 可以联系在线供应商，所以家庭用户通过Internet 进行网上购物。

内联网基本上是仅供内部使用的局域网。

外联网是外部合作伙伴访问组织内部特定资源的网络。

家庭用户并不一定使用LAN 来访问Internet。

例如，PC 可以通过调制解调器直接连接到ISP。

正确答案：1解析：内部网这个术语用于表示一个组织的私有局域网和广域网连接。

内部网的设计旨在仅允许该组织的成员、员工或其他获得授权的人员进行访问。

正确答案：2和4解析：电缆和DSL 均能实现高带宽、始终联网，并提供到主机计算机或LAN 的以太网连接。

10正确答案：2和3解析：移动电话连接需要使用移动电话网络。

卫星连接通常用于家庭或企业外部不便使用物理布线的位置。

11正确答案：2解析：当对网络资源的请求超出了可用容量时，网络就会变得拥堵。

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最新CCNA第一学期第七章答案
套接字是源IP 地址与源端口号的组合，或者目的IP 地址与目的端口号的组合。

2、主机设备需要通过网络发送大型视频文件，同时为其他用户提供数据通信。

下列哪种功能可以让不同通信流同时发生，而不会让一个数据流使用所有可用带宽？
多路复用对交替发送多个通信流很有用。

窗口大小用于降低数据通信速率。

端口号用于将数据流传送到正确的应用程序。

确认用于通知发送设备数据包流已收到或未收到。

3、主机设备通过HTTP 协议向Web 服务器发送数据包。

传输层使用下列哪项来将数据流传送到服务器上的正确应用程序？
目的端口号用于将数据流传输到正确的应用程序，而源端口号由源设备随机生成并进行跟踪。

序列号用于指示如何重组和重新排序收到的数据段。

确认用于通知发送设备数据包流已收到或未收到。

源和目的端口号用于识别正确的应用程序和应用程序中的窗口。

客户端在注册端口范围内随机选择可用的源端口。

TCP 执行的所有额外控制任务会使通信产生延迟和开销，例如排列数据段、跟踪序列号、请求重新传输以及许多其他任务。

TCP 使用三次握手。

UDP 不使用该功能。

三次握手可以确保传输之前源和目的设备之间存在连接。

10、TCP 报头中的哪两个标志用于在TCP 三次握手中建立两台网络设备之间的连接？（请选择两项。

）
TCP 使用SYN 和ACK 标记来建立两个网络设备之间的连接。

窗口大小是指发送方在收到目的设备的确认之前可以发送的字节数。

通过源和目标之间的三次握手，会话开始时即可确定初始窗口。

这取决于TCP 会话的目的设备一次可以接受和处理的数据量。

13、一台PC 从服务器下载一个大文件。

TCP 窗口大小为1000 字节。

服务器使用100 字节的数据段发送文件。

服务器发送多少个数据段后
会要求PC 确认？
对于有1000 个字节的窗口，目的主机会接受数据段直至1000 个字节的数据全部收到。

然后目的主机发送确认。

17、技术人员想使用TFTP 来将大型文件从文件服务器传输到远程路由器。

有关这种场景的哪种说法是正确的？
18、填空题。

在TCP 会话过程中，客户端使用
求与服务器通信。

正确答案：SYN
TCP 三次握手过程中的三个步骤分别是SYN、SYN-ACK、ACK。

19请在空白处填写数字。

客户端和服务器之间的TCP 会话终止过程总共交
换
正确答案： 4
为了终止TCP 会话，客户端将发送一个带FIN 标志设置的数据段。

服务器回复一个ACK 标志。

然后，服务器向客户端发送FIN 标志设置。

最后，客户端将带ACK 标志的数据段发回服务器。

一共需要四条消息。

TCP 使用三次握手，以便能够提供可靠的通信和窗口大小来实现数据流量控制。

UDP 是一种无连接协议，适合进行视频会议。

TCP 和UDP 均使用端口号来区分应用程序和应用程序窗口，并使用校验和字段进行错误检查。