水轮机专用中英文对照术语
水轮机专用中英文对照
水轮机、蓄能泵和水泵水轮机的专用中英文对照术语及简单名称解释2一般术语2.1水力机械hydraulic machinery2.2 水轮机hydraulic turbine2.3 蓄能泵storage pump2.4 水泵水轮机reversible turbine，pump-turbine2.5 旋转方向direction of rotation2.6 机组unit2.13立式、卧式和倾斜式机组vertical，horizontal and inclined unit2.14可调式水力机械regulated hydraulic machinery2.15不可调式水力机械non-regulated hydraulic machinery2.16主阀main valve3.1水轮机3.1.1反击式水轮机reaction turbine3.1.2 混流式水轮机Francis turbine，mixed-flow turbine3.1.3 轴流式水轮机axial turbine3.1.4 轴流转桨式水轮机Kaplan turbine，axial-flow adjustable blad propeller turbine3.1.5 轴流调桨式水轮机Thoma turbine3.1.6 轴流定桨式水轮机Propeller turbine3.1.7贯流式水轮机tubular turbine，through flow turbine3.1.8灯泡式水轮机bulb turbine3.1.9竖井贯流式水轮机pit turbine3.1.10全贯流式水轮机straight flow turbine，rim-generator unit3.1.11轴伸贯流式水轮机（S形水轮机）tubular turbine（S－type turbine）3.1.12 斜流式水轮机diagonal turbine3.1.13 斜流转桨式水轮机Deriaz turbine3.1.14斜流定桨式水轮机fixed blade of Deriaz turbine3.1.15冲击式水轮机impuls turbine，action turbine3.1.16水斗式水轮机Pelton turbine，scoop turbine3.1.17斜击式水轮机inclined jet turbine3.1.18双击式水轮机cross-flow turbine3.2蓄能泵3.2.1混流式（离心式）蓄能泵centrifugal storage pump，mixed-flow storage pump3.2.2轴流式蓄能泵propeller storage pump，axial storage pump3.2.3斜流式蓄能泵diagonal storage pump3.2.4多级式蓄能泵multi-stage storage pump3.3水泵水轮机（又称可逆式水轮机）3.3.1单级水泵水轮机singal stage pump-turbine3.3.2多级水泵水轮机multi-stage pump-turbine3.4主阀与阀门3.4.1蝴蝶阀butterfly valve3.4.2 平板蝶阀biplane butterfly valve，through flow butterfly valve3.4.3 圆筒阀cylindrical valve，ring gate3.4.4 球阀rotary valve，spherical valve3.4.5 盘形阀mushroom valve，hollow-cone valve，howell-Bunger valve3.4.6 针形阀needle valve3.4.7 旁通阀by-pass valve3.4.8直空破坏阀vacuum break valve4结构部件4.1混流式水轮机4.1.1埋入部件embedded component4.1.2 引水室（turbine）flume4.1.3蜗壳spiral case4.1.4座环stay ring4.1.5 固定导叶stay vane4.1.6 蜗壳鼻端spiral case nose4.1.7基础环foundation ring，discharge ring4.1.8 尾水管draft tube4.1.9锥形尾水管conical draft tube4.1.10肘形尾水管elbow draft tube4.1.11尾水管锥管draft tube cone4.1.12尾水管肘管draft tube elbow4.1.13 尾水管扩散段draft tube outlet part4.1.14 尾水管支墩draft tube pier4.1.15 尾水管里衬draft tube liner4.1.16 机坑里衬pit liner4.1.17导水机构distributor4.1.18顶盖headcover，top cover4.1.19底环bottom ring，bottom cover4.1.20导叶guide vane，wicket gate4.1.21 控制环regulating ring，operating ring4.1.22 导叶臂guide vane lever，wicket gate lever4.1.23 分半键split key4.1.24 导叶连杆guide vanelink，wicket gate link4.1.25 导叶过载保护装置guide vane overload protection device 4.1.26 剪断销shear pin4.1.27 摩擦装置friction device4.1.28 导叶轴承guide vane bearing4.1.29 导叶止推轴承guide vane thrust bearing4.1.30 导叶轴密封guide vane stem seal4.1.31 导叶端面密封guide vane end seal4.1.32 导叶立面密封guide vane seal4.1.33 抗磨板facing plates，wear plates4.1.34 导叶限位块guide vane stop block4.1.35 导叶接力器guide vane servomotor4.1.36 单导叶接力器individual guide vane servomotor4.1.37 推拉杆push and pull rod，connecting rod4.1.38 调速轴regulating shaft4.1.39 均压管balance pipe4.1.40 转动部件rotating component4.1.41 转轮runner4.1.42 叶片blade4.1.43 上冠crown4.1.44 下环band4.1.45 泄水锥runner cone4.1.46 转轮密封装置runner seal4.1.47 转轮止漏环runner wearing ring4.1.48 固定止漏环stationary wearing ring4.1.49 转轮减压板decompression plate4.1.50 主轴main shaft4.1.51 导轴承guide bearing4.1.52 轴领guide bearing collar4.1.53 轴瓦guide bearing shoe4.1.54 轴承体guide bearing housing4.1.55 主轴密封装置main shaft seal4.1.56 检修密封stand still seal4.1.57 联轴螺栓coupling bolt4.2 轴流式水轮机和斜流式水轮机。
水轮机常用英语词汇
A安装高程setting elevation安全阀safe valve安装图wiring layout Installation diagram按合同in accordance with contractB布置图arrangement plan比转速specific speed比例增益proportional gain补气air admission air supply补气装置air supply device电压器transformer本图只供电站设计时参考this drawing is for design reference 备用16件spare parts 16 pieces标准件standard components不可调式水力机械non-regulated hydraulic machineryC冲击式水轮机impuls turbine操作架crosshead初生空化系数incipient cavitation factor初始压力initial pressure尺寸图dimensional drawing××尺寸暂定the measurements of ××is tentative 出厂workshop初步设计preliminary design侧视Side-view测速装置speed senser测压管pipe of measuring pressure测频单元frequency senser厂房地平groundD导水机构distributor垫圈washer顶盖headcover top cover底环bottom ring导水机构distributor导叶guide vane导叶臂guide vane lever rocker arm导叶连杆~ link导叶过载保护器~ overload protection device导叶止推轴承~ thrust bearing导叶轴承~ bearing导叶轴guide vane shaft导叶销guide vane pin导叶轴套guide vane bushings导叶轴密封~ stem seal导叶端面密封~ end seal导叶立面密封~ seal导叶限位块~ stop block导叶接力器individual ~导轴承guide bearing导叶轴压盖the gland of guide Vane shaft导流盖diversion cover导流部分diversion part大气压atmospheric pressure电机motor低压力under pressure调查报告report of investigation电液调速器electro-hydraulic governor电液转换器/电液伺服electro-hydraulic transducer/servovalve 低压机组LV units电源electricity supply电压voltage电流current（主）断路器（main）circuit breaker地脚孔anchor bolt hole地钩fixation hook地脚螺栓foundation bolt吊环螺钉lifting eye screw吊环rings吊钩lift hook镀锌管galvanized pipe电站预埋embedded by power station电站配割焊welding and cutting电站自行设计designed by power station电站自备power station self-provided丁氰橡胶thiakol rubber单耳止动弹圈one ear stop spring coil灯泡式水轮机bulb turbine蝶阀butterfly valveE额定rated峨眉山市驰骋机械Emeishan Chicheng Machinery Co.,Ltd 二期混泥土Second ConcreteF反击式水轮机reaction turbine分半键split key飞逸runaway speed飞逸特性曲线runaway speed curve分段关闭装置step closing device辅助接力器auxiliary servomotor辅助设备auxiliary equipment封面surface plot负载on load辅助常闭auxiliary normally close封水座seal block（pedestal of seal water）封水装置seal water devise发电机出风道generator vents方向自定direction customised方头短圆柱锥端紧定螺钉square set screws with short dog point and cone end放水阀drain valve放水旋塞drain cock放水管盖offlet cover发电机generatorG孤立运行isolated operation工作油压operating oil pressure工作油压上限/下限upper /lower limit of operating oil pressure 功率（表）power（meter）工况operating condition固定导叶stay vane固定盘fixed plate贯流式水轮机tubular turbine工程竣工图completion drawing规范Specification盖形螺母cap nut钢steel钢垫steel liners钢背复合自润滑材料steel backing composite self-lubricatingmaterial管路部分pipe sectionH混流式水轮机Francis turbine蝴蝶阀butterfly valve缓冲装置damping device缓冲器dashpot缓冲装置时间常数time constant of damping device电气缓冲electrical damper焊接welding后盖板back cover回油箱oil sump tankJ接力器servomotor接力器行程servomotorst roke接力器最短关闭时间minimum servomoter closing time 机坑里衬pit liner接管connecting pipe径向力radial force机械效率mechanical efficiency绝对压力absolute pressure加权平均水头weighted average head净水头net head进水管water inlet进人门mandoor检修密封stand still seal剪断销shear pin基础环foundation ring机组unit技术设计technical design机械液压调速器mechanical hydraulic governor截止阀globe valve减压板decompression plate接地栓grounding spigot静态特性static characteristic加速时间常数derivative time constantK可调式水力机械regulated hydraulic machinery可调油轴承adjustable oil bearing控制环regulating ring抗磨板facing plates抗磨滑块wear slider block空化cavitation空蚀cavitation erosion空化系数cavitation factor开关保险丝switch-fuse空气开关air-operated switch扩大初步设计enlarging preliminary design开度限制机构opening limit mechanism空载no-load可控硅SCR开槽圆柱头螺钉slotted pan head screwL漏油箱leak oil tank流量discharge力特性force character临界空化系数critical cavitation factor联轴螺栓couping bolt连杆link连杆装配link assembly立式机组vertical unit励磁屏excitation screen螺母nut连板铜套copper cover with plate六角薄螺母hexagon thin nut六角头螺栓hexagon headed bolt螺尾锥销nut tail cone pin螺旋扣turnbuckle（尾水管）拉钩the drag hook of （tail water）拉环suspension link拉板pulling plate连接法兰coupling flangeM埋入部件embedded component摩擦装置friction device毛水头gross head目录list明细表order sheet灭磁de-excitation面板panel密封环sealing ringN内螺纹旋塞阀internal-thread plug valve内接头internal-thread connecting tubeOO型密封圈O-seal ringP平板蝶阀biplane butterfly valve through flow butterfly valve平键key旁通阀by-pass valve盘形阀mushroom valve，hollow-cone valve，howell-Bunger valve配压阀distributing valve排至集水井lead the water into the collector well排水孔drain hole排水管drain pipe排水阀座pedestal of draw off valve平垫圈plat washer偏心销eccentric pin爬梯ladderQ驱动器driver球阀rotary valve ball valve spherical valve起励initial excitation前盖板front cover全贯流式水轮机straight flow turbine，rim-generator unitR软启动器soft-starter热敏开关thermo switch人工（频率）死区单元S死区dead band甩负荷load rejection手动运行manual operation事故低油压tripping oil pressure双漏油器double oil-filter双调整调速器double regulating governor水力矩hydraulic torque水流惯性时间常数water interia time constant水推力hydraulic thrust水封压板seal pressure plate射流入射角jet inclined angle射流直径jet diameter水轮发电机组hydroelectric generating set水锤water hammer水封装配seal water assembly水力机械hydraulic machinery水导轴承装配assembly of the bush of water flowing diversionbearing式中type in输入功率input power输出功率power output梳齿密封座comb-tooth-type Seal block（下/上）梳齿环（upper/ below）comb-tooth ring设计水头design head速度水头elocity head受油器oil head上冠crown双击式水轮机double-flow turbine cross-flow turbine施工图设计construction design设计规范design specification示意图Diagrammatic sketch施工图Working drawing说明书Instruction book水斗式水轮机Pelton turbine scoop turbine双击式水轮机cross-flow turbine受油器oil head输入（输出）功率input（output）power水力的hydraulic水力机械hydraulic machinery水电站hydropower station双头螺柱stud三通旋塞three way cock竖井贯流式水轮机pit turbineT通流式调速器through flow type governor推拉杆push and pull rod调速轴regulating shaft（governor shaft）调速耳座speed lug调速环铜套copper sheathing of speed ring调速机构speed institutions（regulating mechamism）调速系统governing system弹垫圈spring washer通用件standard parts铜套copper bushUVW蜗壳spiral case蜗室剖面图section plane views蜗壳鼻端spiral case nose尾水闸门tail water sluice gate尾水管draft tube tail water piping尾水管扩散段draft tube outlet part尾水管支墩~ pier尾水管里衬~ liner外购procurement卧式horizontal unitX斜流式水轮机inclined jet turbine diagonal turbine 斜流转桨式水轮机Deriaz turbine斜流定桨式水轮机fixed blade of Deriaz turbine下环band下游最低尾水位the minimum tail-water level泄水锥runner cone discharge cone协连装置combination device相序采样phase sequence sampling橡胶条rubber橡胶轴承rubber bearing橡胶圈rubber ring橡胶管rubber pipe选用select旋塞阀plug valve旋转方向direction of rotation相似工况similar operating condition协联工况combined condition现场焊缝field weldingY压力罐式调速器governor with pressure tank压盖gland油压装置oil pressure supply unit油箱座tank block油箱tank引导阀pilot distributing valve引水室flume叶片blade叶片枢轴runner blade trunnion叶轮impeller圆柱销cylindrical pin圆锥销taper pin压板pressure plate预埋至机坑embedded into foundation pit永态转差系数permanent speed droop一期混泥土First Concrete一件 a piece of（水轮机）运转特性曲线（turbine）performance curveZ整体设计overall design总图general drawing总装图general installation drawing装配图assembly drawing组合件assemblies组画Section drawing主视图top view主图Master plane闸阀gate valve止回阀check valve轴流式水轮机axial turbine轴流转桨式水轮机Kaplan turbine轴流调桨式水轮机Thoma turbine轴流定桨式水轮机Propeller turbine真空破坏阀vacuum break valve座环stay ring锥形尾水管conical draft tube肘形尾水管elbow draft tube肘型管elbow转动部件rotating component转轮runner止漏环wearing ring轴套shaft sleeve轴领guide bearing collar轴瓦guide bearing shoe轴承体guide bearing housing轴承座bearing support轴承架bearing retainer转轮室runner chamber支持盖inner head cover支撑环support ring支墩buttress dam转轮体runner hub转叶机构mechanism of runner blade转轮叶片接力器runner blade servomotor最大（最小）水头maximum（minimum）head中间接力器pilots ervomotor中间轴承the middle bearing主配压阀中间位置meutral position of main distributing vavle主阀main valve整流回路rectification circuit最低尾水位min tail water level锥管段cone主轴密封mail shaft seal暂态转差系数temporary speed droop止推垫片stopping shim装配assembly罩子cover直锥尾水管straight tap直通旋塞straight through type cock针形阀needle valve组焊件assembly and welding part导轴承guide bearing（水轮机）综合特性曲线（turbine）efficiency hill diagram，combined characteristic curve最优比转速optimum specific speed专用工具special tool1、本图仅供机组布置情况特征尺寸，有关基础及水工布置情况电站自行设计。
水轮机部分名称中英文对照讲解学习
3.1水轮机反击式水轮机reaction turbine混流式水轮机Francis turbine，mixed-flow turbine轴流式水轮机axial turbine轴流转桨式水轮机Kaplan turbine，axial-flow adjustable blad propeller turbine轴流调桨式水轮机Thoma turbine轴流定桨式水轮机Propeller turbine贯流式水轮机tubular turbine，through flow turbine灯泡式水轮机bulb turbine竖井贯流式水轮机pit turbine全贯流式水轮机straight flow turbine，rim-generator unit轴伸贯流式水轮机（S形水轮机）tubular turbine（S－type turbine）斜流式水轮机diagonal turbine斜流转桨式水轮机Deriaz turbine斜流定桨式水轮机fixed blade of Deriaz turbine水斗式水轮机Pelton turbine，scoop turbine斜击式水轮机inclined jet turbine双击式水轮机cross-flow turbine3.2蓄能泵混流式（离心式）蓄能泵centrifugal storage pump，mixed-flow storage pump轴流式蓄能泵propeller storage pump，axial storage pump斜流式蓄能泵diagonal storage pump多级式蓄能泵multi-stage storage pump3.3水泵水轮机（又称可逆式水轮机）单级水泵水轮机singal stage pump-turbine多级水泵水轮机multi-stage pump-turbine3.4主阀与阀门蝴蝶阀butterfly valve平板蝶阀biplane butterfly valve，through flow butterfly valve圆筒阀cylindrical valve，ring gate球阀rotary valve，spherical valve盘形阀mushroom valve，hollow-cone valve，howell-Bunger valve 针形阀needle valve旁通阀by-pass valve直空破坏阀vacuum break valve4结构部件4.1混流式水轮机埋入部件embedded component引水室（turbine）flume蜗壳spiral case座环stay ring蜗壳鼻端spiral case nose基础环foundation ring，discharge ring尾水管draft tube锥形尾水管conical draft tube肘形尾水管elbow draft tube尾水管锥管draft tube cone尾水管肘管draft tube elbow尾水管扩散段draft tube outlet part尾水管支墩draft tube pier尾水管里衬draft tube liner机坑里衬pit liner导水机构distributor导叶guide vane，wicket gate控制环regulating ring，operating ring导叶臂guide vane lever，wicket gate lever分半键split key导叶连杆guide vanelink，wicket gate link导叶过载保护装置guide vane overload protection device 剪断销shear pin摩擦装置friction device导叶轴承guide vane bearing导叶止推轴承guide vane thrust bearing导叶轴密封guide vane stem seal导叶端面密封guide vane end seal导叶立面密封guide vane seal抗磨板facing plates，wear plates导叶限位块guide vane stop block导叶接力器guide vane servomotor单导叶接力器individual guide vane servomotor推拉杆push and pull rod，connecting rod调速轴regulating shaft转动部件rotating component转轮runner叶片blade上冠crown下环band泄水锥runner cone转轮密封装置runner seal转轮止漏环runner wearing ring固定止漏环stationary wearing ring 转轮减压板decompression plate 主轴main shaft导轴承guide bearing轴领guide bearing collar轴瓦guide bearing shoe轴承体guide bearing housing 主轴密封装置main shaft seal检修密封stand still sealr。
水轮机英语专业名词
水轮机英语专业名词Hydraulic Turbine Terminology.Introduction.Hydraulic turbines are key components in hydroelectric power generation, converting the kinetic energy of flowing water into mechanical energy that can be used to generate electricity. They are complex machines with a dedicated vocabulary that is essential for professionals working in this field. This article aims to provide a comprehensive glossary of technical terms related to hydraulic turbines, including their components, operations, and maintenance.1. Turbine Types.Kaplan Turbine: A type of propeller turbine with adjustable blades, suitable for low to medium heads and high flows.Francis Turbine: A mixed-flow turbine with fixed vanes and adjustable blades, common in medium to high head applications.Pelton Turbine: A reaction turbine with buckets attached to a runner, ideal for high heads and low flows.Turgo Turbine: A reaction turbine with fixed nozzles and a turbine runner, suitable for medium heads and flows.2. Turbine Components.Runner: The rotating part of the turbine that converts water energy into mechanical energy.Blades/Buckets: The individual elements attached to the runner that interact with the water flow.Stator: A fixed assembly of vanes that directs the water flow onto the runner blades.Draft Tube: A section that guides the water away fromthe turbine, reducing pressure and improving efficiency.Shaft: The rotating axis that connects the turbine runner to the generator.3. Turbine Operations.Gate Regulation: The adjustment of turbine inlet gates to control water flow and turbine output.Load Rejection: The ability of the turbine to quickly adjust its output in response to a sudden decrease in load.Cavitation: The formation of vapor bubbles within the turbine due to sudden pressure drops, potentially causing damage.4. Turbine Maintenance.Overhaul: A comprehensive maintenance procedure that includes the disassembly, inspection, and repair of turbine components.Blade Polishing: The process of smoothing and cleaning turbine blades to restore their efficiency.Leakage Testing: Examining the turbine for leaks that can affect its performance and efficiency.5. Performance Parameters.Head: The difference in water level between the inlet and outlet of the turbine, measured in meters.Flow Rate: The volume of water passing through the turbine per unit time, typically measured in cubic meters per second (m³/s).Efficiency: A measure of how effectively the turbine converts water energy into mechanical energy, expressed as a percentage.6. Turbine Control.Governor: A device that controls the speed and output of the turbine by regulating the water flow.Automation System: A suite of sensors and controllers that monitor and adjust turbine operations to maintain stable output and prevent damage.Conclusion.The terminology related to hydraulic turbines is extensive and covers various aspects of their design, operation, and maintenance. Understanding these terms is crucial for professionals working in the field of hydroelectric power generation, enabling them to communicate effectively, diagnose problems, and optimize turbine performance. As the field continues to evolve, it's important to stay updated with new terminology and technologies.。
水力机械专业词汇中英文
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液压元件 Hydraulic Elements
水轮机原理及水力设计 Principles of Water-Turbine Engine & Design of Water Engine
水轮机原理与CAD Principle of Water-Turbine Engine & CAD
水轮水力设计 Hydraulic Design of Water Engine
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engineering thermodynamics 工程热力学
水轮机专用词汇
水力机械，(简称水机，包括水轮机、蓄能泵和水泵水轮机）的专用词汇－－作者：stpeter－－水力机械，(简称水机，包括水轮机、蓄能泵和水泵水轮机）的专用词汇1主题内容与适用范围水轮机、蓄能泵和水泵水轮机（以下总称水力机械，简称水机）的专用术语。
适用于制订标准，编写和翻译手册、教材、书刊以及图纸设计等用途。
2一般术语2.1水力机械hydraulic machinery实现水流机械能和固体机械能之间互相转换的机械。
2.2 水轮机hydraulic turbine把水流能量转换成旋转机械能的水力机械。
2.3 蓄能泵storage pump抽水蓄能电站中将水从下游提升至上游的水泵。
2.4 水泵水轮机reversible turbine，pump-turbine既可作水轮机运行又可作蓄能泵运行的水力机械，亦称可逆式水轮机。
2.5 旋转方向direction of rotation从发电机轴端看到的转轮［叶轮］的旋转方向。
贯流式水轮机则从上游向下游方向看水泵水轮机的旋转方向取水轮机工况的旋转方向。
2.6 机组unit用于发电或抽水蓄能的水力机械和电机的组合装置。
2.7 水轮机进口测量断面inlet measuring section of turbine测量水轮机进口水流能量的断面［图1（a）、图1（b）、图1（c）、1断面］。
2.8 水轮机出口测量断面outlet measuring section of turbine测量水轮机出口水流能量的断面［图1（a）、图1（b）、图1（c）、2断面、图1（d）、3断面］。
2.9 蓄能泵进口测量断面inlet measuring section of storage pump靠近吸水管或蓄能泵壳进口处的商定断面［图1（e）、图1（f）、2断面］。
2.10 蓄能泵出口测量断面outlet measuring section of storage pump对于开敞式排流渠道，为靠近蓄能泵出口处的商定断面［图1（g）、1断面］；对于封闭管道，为排水阀上游靠近蓄能泵压水室处的商定断面［图1（e）、图1（f）、1断面］。
水轮机专用英文
一般术语2.1水力机械hydraulic machinery2.2 水轮机hydraulic turbine2.3 蓄能泵storage pump2.4 水泵水轮机reversible turbine，pump-turbine2.5 旋转方向direction of rotation2.6 机组unit2.13立式、卧式和倾斜式机组vertical，horizontal and inclined unit2.14可调式水力机械regulated hydraulic machinery2.15不可调式水力机械non-regulated hydraulic machinery2.16主阀main valve3.1水轮机3.1.1反击式水轮机reaction turbine3.1.2 混流式水轮机Francis turbine，mixed-flow turbine 3.1.3 轴流式水轮机axial turbine3.1.4 轴流转桨式水轮机Kaplan turbine，axial-flow adjustable blad propeller turbine3.1.5 轴流调桨式水轮机Thoma turbine3.1.6 轴流定桨式水轮机Propeller turbine3.1.7贯流式水轮机tubular turbine，through flow turbine 3.1.8灯泡式水轮机bulb turbine3.1.9竖井贯流式水轮机pit turbine3.1.10全贯流式水轮机straight flow turbine，rim-generator unit3.1.11轴伸贯流式水轮机（S形水轮机）tubular turbine （S－type turbine）3.1.12 斜流式水轮机diagonal turbine3.1.13 斜流转桨式水轮机Deriaz turbine3.1.14斜流定桨式水轮机fixed blade of Deriaz turbine 3.1.15冲击式水轮机impuls turbine，action turbine3.1.16水斗式水轮机Pelton turbine，scoop turbine3.1.17斜击式水轮机inclined jet turbine3.1.18双击式水轮机cross-flow turbine3.2蓄能泵3.2.1混流式（离心式）蓄能泵centrifugal storage pump，mixed-flow storage pump3.2.2轴流式蓄能泵propeller storage pump，axial storage pump3.2.3斜流式蓄能泵diagonal storage pump3.2.4多级式蓄能泵multi-stage storage pump3.3水泵水轮机（又称可逆式水轮机）3.3.1单级水泵水轮机singal stage pump-turbine3.3.2多级水泵水轮机multi-stage pump-turbine3.4主阀与阀门3.4.1蝴蝶阀butterfly valve3.4.2 平板蝶阀biplane butterfly valve，through flow butterfly valve3.4.3 圆筒阀cylindrical valve，ring gate3.4.4 球阀rotary valve，spherical valve3.4.5 盘形阀mushroom valve，hollow-cone valve，howell-Bunger valve3.4.6 针形阀needle valve3.4.7 旁通阀by-pass valve3.4.8直空破坏阀vacuum break valve4结构部件4.1混流式水轮机4.1.1埋入部件embedded component4.1.2 引水室（turbine）flume4.1.3 蜗壳spiral case4.1.4 座环stay ring4.1.5 固定导叶stay vane4.1.6 蜗壳鼻端spiral case nose4.1.7基础环foundation ring，discharge ring4.1.8 尾水管draft tube4.1.9锥形尾水管conical draft tube4.1.10肘形尾水管elbow draft tube4.1.11尾水管锥管draft tube cone4.1.12尾水管肘管draft tube elbow4.1.13 尾水管扩散段draft tube outlet part4.1.14 尾水管支墩draft tube pier4.1.15 尾水管里衬draft tube liner4.1.16 机坑里衬pit liner4.1.17导水机构distributor4.1.18顶盖headcover，top cover4.1.19底环bottom ring，bottom cover4.1.20导叶guide vane，wicket gate4.1.21 控制环regulating ring，operating ring4.1.22 导叶臂guide vane lever，wicket gate lever4.1.23 分半键split key4.1.24 导叶连杆guide vanelink，wicket gate link4.1.25 导叶过载保护装置guide vane overload protection device4.1.26 剪断销shear pin4.1.27 摩擦装置friction device4.1.28 导叶轴承guide vane bearing4.1.29 导叶止推轴承guide vane thrust bearing4.1.30 导叶轴密封guide vane stem seal4.1.31 导叶端面密封guide vane end seal4.1.32 导叶立面密封guide vane seal4.1.33抗磨板facing plates，wear plates4.1.34导叶限位块guide vane stop block4.1.35导叶接力器guide vane servomotor4.1.36 单导叶接力器individual guide vane servomotor 4.1.37 推拉杆push and pull rod，connecting rod4.1.38 调速轴regulating shaft4.1.39 均压管balance pipe4.1.40 转动部件rotating component4.1.41 转轮runner4.1.42 叶片blade4.1.43 上冠crown4.1.44 下环band4.1.45 泄水锥runner cone4.1.46 转轮密封装置runner seal4.1.47 转轮止漏环runner wearing ring4.1.48 固定止漏环stationary wearing ring4.1.49 转轮减压板decompression plate4.1.50 主轴main shaft4.1.51 导轴承guide bearing4.1.52 轴领guide bearing collar4.1.53 轴瓦guide bearing shoe4.1.54 轴承体guide bearing housing4.1.55 主轴密封装置main shaft seal4.1.56 检修密封stand still seal4.1.57 联轴螺栓coupling bolt4.2轴流式水轮机和斜流式水轮机。
水轮机调节系统的专用术语(中英文对照)
接力器最短关闭时间
minimum servomotor closing time
接力器最短开启时间
minimum servomotor opening time
接力器容量
servomotor capacity
柜体
端子箱
terminal box
配电箱
distributor box
speed sensing device
测频单元
frequency module
测速信号源
speed signal source
测频模块（残压）
frequency measuring module(residual voltage)
测频模块（齿盘）
frequency measuring module(fluted disc)
（机械）开度限制机构
(machanical) opening limiter
电气开度限制单元
electrical opening limiter
转速调整机构
speed adjusting mechanism, speed changer
功率给定单元
power setting module
频率给定单元
liquid level transmitter
自动补气装置
air auto supply device
油混水信号器
oil-water mixing announcitor
空气滤清器
air filter
软启动器
soft-starter
星三角启动器
star-delta starter
热敏开关
thermo switch
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水轮机专用中英文对照术语（2013年6月4日从好友的空间站收藏）2一般术语2.1水力机械hydraulic machinery2.2 水轮机hydraulic turbine2.3 蓄能泵storage pump2.4 水泵水轮机reversible turbine，pump-turbine2.5 旋转方向direction of rotation2.6 机组unit2.13立式、卧式和倾斜式机组vertical，horizontal and inclined unit2.14可调式水力机械regulated hydraulic machinery2.15不可调式水力机械non-regulated hydraulic machinery2.16主阀main valve3.1水轮机3.1.1反击式水轮机reaction turbine3.1.2 混流式水轮机Francis turbine，mixed-flow turbine3.1.3 轴流式水轮机axial turbine3.1.4 轴流转桨式水轮机Kaplan turbine，axial-flow adjustable blad propeller turbine 3.1.5 轴流调桨式水轮机Thoma turbine 3.1.6 轴流定桨式水轮机Propeller turbine 3.1.7贯流式水轮机tubular turbine，through flow turbine3.1.8灯泡式水轮机bulb turbine3.1.9竖井贯流式水轮机pit turbine3.1.10全贯流式水轮机straight flow turbine，rim-generator unit3.1.11轴伸贯流式水轮机（S形水轮机）tubular turbine（S－type turbine）3.1.12 斜流式水轮机diagonal turbine3.1.13 斜流转桨式水轮机Deriaz turbine 3.1.14斜流定桨式水轮机fixed blade of Deriaz turbine3.1.15冲击式水轮机impuls turbine，action turbine3.1.16水斗式水轮机Pelton turbine，scoop turbine3.1.17斜击式水轮机inclined jet turbine 3.1.18双击式水轮机cross-flow turbine 3.2蓄能泵3.2.1混流式（离心式）蓄能泵centrifugal storage pump，mixed-flow storage pump 3.2.2轴流式蓄能泵propeller storage pump，axial storage pump3.2.3斜流式蓄能泵diagonal storage pump 3.2.4多级式蓄能泵multi-stage storage pump3.3水泵水轮机（又称可逆式水轮机）3.3.1单级水泵水轮机singal stagepump-turbine3.3.2多级水泵水轮机multi-stagepump-turbine3.4主阀与阀门3.4.1蝴蝶阀butterfly valve3.4.2 平板蝶阀biplane butterfly valve，through flow butterfly valve3.4.3 圆筒阀cylindrical valve，ring gate 3.4.4 球阀rotary valve，spherical valve3.4.5 盘形阀mushroom valve，hollow-cone valve，howell-Bunger valve3.4.6 针形阀needle valve3.4.7 旁通阀by-pass valve3.4.8直空破坏阀vacuum break valve4结构部件4.1混流式水轮机4.1.1埋入部件embedded component4.1.2 引水室（turbine）flume4.1.3蜗壳spiral case4.1.4座环stay ring4.1.5 固定导叶stay vane4.1.6 蜗壳鼻端spiral case nose4.1.7基础环foundation ring，discharge ring4.1.8 尾水管draft tube4.1.9锥形尾水管conical draft tube4.1.10肘形尾水管elbow draft tube4.1.11尾水管锥管draft tube cone4.1.12尾水管肘管draft tube elbow4.1.13 尾水管扩散段draft tube outlet part 4.1.14 尾水管支墩draft tube pier4.1.15 尾水管里衬draft tube liner4.1.16 机坑里衬pit liner4.1.17导水机构distributor4.1.18顶盖headcover，top cover4.1.19底环bottom ring，bottom cover 4.1.20导叶guide vane，wicket gate4.1.21 控制环regulating ring，operating ring4.1.22 导叶臂guide vane lever，wicket gate lever4.1.23 分半键split key4.1.24 导叶连杆guide vanelink，wicket gate link4.1.25 导叶过载保护装置guide vane overload protection device4.1.26 剪断销shear pin4.1.27 摩擦装置friction device4.1.28 导叶轴承guide vane bearing4.1.29 导叶止推轴承guide vane thrust bearing4.1.30 导叶轴密封guide vane stem seal4.1.31 导叶端面密封guide vane end seal 4.1.32 导叶立面密封guide vane seal4.1.33抗磨板facing plates，wear plates 4.1.34导叶限位块guide vane stop block 4.1.35导叶接力器guide vane servomotor 4.1.36 单导叶接力器individual guide vane servomotor4.1.37 推拉杆push and pull rod，connecting rod4.1.38 调速轴regulating shaft4.1.39 均压管balance pipe4.1.40 转动部件rotating component4.1.41 转轮runner4.1.42 叶片blade4.1.43 上冠crown4.1.44 下环band4.1.45 泄水锥runner cone4.1.46 转轮密封装置runner seal4.1.47 转轮止漏环runner wearing ring4.1.48 固定止漏环stationary wearing ring 4.1.49 转轮减压板decompression plate4.1.50 主轴main shaft4.1.51 导轴承guide bearing4.1.52 轴领guide bearing collar4.1.53 轴瓦guide bearing shoe4.1.54 轴承体guide bearing housing4.1.55 主轴密封装置main shaft seal4.1.56 检修密封stand still seal4.1.57 联轴螺栓coupling bolt4.2轴流式水轮机和斜流式水轮机。
4.2.1 转轮室runner chamber4.2.2 内顶盖（支持盖）inner head cover，inner top cover4.2.3 转轮体runner hub4.2.4 转叶机构mechanism of runner blade 4.2.5 叶片枢轴runner blade trunnion4.2.6 转臂(导叶臂) rocker arm4.2.7 连杆link4.2.8 操作架crosshead 4.2.9 转轮叶片接力器runner blade servomotor4.2.10 协联装置combination device4.2.11 受油器oil head4.5蓄能泵4.5.1 吸水管suction tube4.5.2 叶轮impeller4.5.3 轮叶impeller blade，impeller vane4.5.4 叶轮后盖impeller back shroud4.5.5 叶轮前盖impeller front shroud4.5.6 蜗室spiral housing4.5.7 扩散管diffuser5性能参数5.1比能5.1.1 比能specific energy单位质量流体所具有的机械能，是位置比能、压力比能和速度比能的总和。
5.1.2位置比能potential energy5.1.3 压力比能pressure energy5.1.4 速度比能velocity energy5.2水头5.2.1 位置水头potential head5.2.2 压力水头pressure head5.2.3 速度水头velocity head5.2.4 总水头head5.2.5 毛水头gross head5.2.6 净水头net head5.2.7 额定水头rated head5.2.8 设计水头design head5.2.9 最大（最小）水头maximum（minimum）head5.2.10 加权平均水头weighted average head 5.2.11 蓄能泵扬程storage pump head5.2.12 蓄能泵零流量扬程no-dischargehead of storage pump5.2.13 蓄能泵最大（最小）扬程maximum （minimum）head of storage pump5.3流量5.3.1 水轮机流量turbine discharge，turbine flow rate5.3.2 蓄能泵流量storage pump discharge，storage pump flow rate5.3.3 额定流量rated discharge5.3.4 水轮机空载流量no-load discharge of turbine5.3.5 蓄能泵最大（最小）流量maximum （minmum）storage pump discharge5.4转速5.4.1 额定转速rated speed5.4.2 水轮机飞逸转速runaway speed of surbine5.4.3 蓄能泵［水泵水轮机的泵工况］反向飞逸转速reverse runaway speed of storage pump5.5压力5.5.1 表计压力（简称为压力）gauge pressure5.5.2 环境压力（或大气压）atmpspheric pressure5.5.3 绝对压力absolute pressure5.5.4 汽化压力vapour pressure5.6功率5.6.1 水轮机输入功率turbine input power 5.6.2 水轮机输出功率turbine output power 5.6.3 水轮机额定输出功率rated output power of turbine5.6.4 蓄能泵的输出功率storage pump output power5.6.5 蓄能泵的输入功率storage pump input power5.6.6 蓄能泵最大输入功率rated input power of storage pump5.6.7 蓄能泵零流量功率no-discharge input power of storage pump5.6.8 蓄能泵最小输入功率minimum input power of storage pump5.6.9 转轮输出功率output power of runner 5.6.10 叶轮输入功率input power of impeller5.6.11 转轮输入功率input power of runner 5.6.12 叶轮输出功率output power of impeller5.7效率5.7.1 效率efficiency5.7.2 水轮机机械效率mechanical efficiency of turbine5.7.3 蓄能泵机械效率mechanical efficiency of storage pump5.7.4 水轮机水力效率hydraulic efficiency of turbine5.7.5 蓄能泵水力效率hydraulic efficiency of storage pump5.7.6 相对效率relative efficiency5.7.7 加权（算术）平均效率weighted （arithmetic）average efficiency5.7.8 积分平均效率planimetric average efficiency5.8空化和空蚀5.8.1 空化cavitation5.8.2 空蚀cavitation erosion5.8.3 水轮机空化系数cavitation factor of turbine，cavitation coefficient of turbine 5.8.4 蓄能泵空化系数cavitation factor of storage pump，cavitation coefficient of storage pump5.8.5 临界空化系数critical cavitation factor 5.8.6 初生空化系数incipient cavitation factor，cavitation inception factor，initial cavitation factor5.8.7 电站空化系数plant cavitation factor 5.8.8 吸出高度static suction of turbine5.8.9 吸入高度static suction of storage pump5.8.10 蓄能泵吸入扬程损失suction head loss of storage pump5.8.11 蓄能泵空化余量（NPSH）（蓄能泵净吸上扬程）net positive suction head of storage pump5.8.12 安装高程setting elevation5.8.13 空化裕量cavitation margin5.9暂态过程5.9.1 过渡过程transient5.9.2 调节保证regulating guarantee5.9.3 水锤water hammer5.9.4 初始压力initial pressure5.9.5 水轮机最大瞬态压力maximum momentary pressure of turbine5.9.6 瞬态压力变化率momentary pressure variation ratio5.9.7 初始转速initial speed5.9.8 水轮机最大瞬态转速maximum momentary overspeed of turbine5.9.9 蓄能泵［水泵水轮机的泵工况］的最大瞬态反向转速momentary counterrotation speed of storage pump［pump-condition of pump-turbine］5.9.10 瞬态转速变化率momentary speed variation ratio6渗道参数6.1 转轮（叶轮）公称直径runner（impeller）diameter6.2 叶片开口blade opening6.3 叶片正（背）面pressure（suction）side of blade6.4 叶片进（出）水边leading（trailing）edge 6.5 叶片转角blade rotating angle6.6 叶片倾角blade tilt angle6.7 叶片安放角blade angle6.8 蜗壳包角nose angle6.9 导叶高度guide vane height6.13 肘形尾水管深度depth of elbow draft tube6.14 节圆直径pitch diameter6.15射流直径jet diameter6.16射流直径比jet ratio6.17 射流入射角jet inclined angle6.18 射流椭圆ellipsed of inclined jet（when reaching the wheel vane）7试验方面7.1试验类型7.1.1 原型（机）proto type7.1.2 模型（机）model7.1.3 验收试验acceptance test7.1.4 装配试验assembly test7.1.5 模型试验model test7.1.6 性能试验performance test7.1.7 特性试验characteristic test7.1.8 飞逸试验runaway speed test7.1.9 力特性试验force characteristic test 7.1.10 负载试验load test7.1.11 甩负荷试验load rejection test7.1.12 耐压试验pressure test7.1.13 效率试验efficiency test7.1.14 空化试验cavitation test7.1.15 压力脉动试验pressure fluctuation test7.1.16 补气试验air admission test7.1.17 水轮机功率试验turbine output test 7.2运行工况7.2.1 （运行）工况operating condition7.2.2 最优工况optimum operating condition 7.2.3 飞逸工况runaway speed operating condition7.2.4 空载工况no-load operating condition 7.2.5 相似工况similar operating condition 7.2.6 协联工况combined condition7.3 力特性7.3.1 力特性force character7.3.2 导叶力特性guide vane force character 7.3.3 叶片力特性blade force character7.3.4 水推力hydraulic thrust7.3.5 径向力radial force，lateral force7.4单位量7.4.1 单位转速unit speed7.4.2 单位流量unit discharge7.4.3 单位功率unit power7.4.4 单位飞逸转速unit runaway speed7.4.5 单位水推力unit hydraulic thrust7.4.6 单位水力矩unit hydraulic torque7.4.7 水轮机比转速specific speed of turbine7.4.8 蓄能泵［水泵水轮机的泵工况］的流量比转速discharge specific speed of storage pump7.4.9 最优比转速optimum specific speed 7.4.10 （水轮机）压力脉动（turbine）pressure fluctuation7.5特性曲线7.5.1 （水轮机）综合特性曲线（turbine）efficiency hill diagram，combined characteristic curve7.5.2 （水轮机）运转特性曲线（turbine）performance curve7.5.3 飞逸特性曲线runaway speed curve 7.5.4 水泵水轮机全特性complete characteristics of pump-turbine。