宾语从句全面讲解(课堂PPT)

主语 谓语 连词 从句主语 从句谓语
主句
宾语从句
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宾语从句的概念： 宾语从句在复合句中作主句的宾语。
句子结构： 主句 +连词（引导词）+ 宾语从句
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1）主句的谓语动词可以是及物动词： He wondered if he could pass the exam .
2）如果主句的谓语动词是一个带有介词的 词组，那么后接的从句做介词宾语从句。
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带how的词组也都可以引导宾语从句
❖Could you tell us how much it costs to fly to Hainan ?
❖Could you tell us how often you go abroad for a holiday ?
❖Could you tell us how long the meeting will last ? ❖I don’t know how far it is to the cinema . ❖Please tell us how many students there are in
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引导词种类
二、连接代词 which, what, whose, who, whom, whatever,
whoever, whomever, whichever；连接代词在从句 中作主语、宾语、表语、定语。
I wonder who will teach us. Mr. Wang asked whose book that was. You can take whatever you like.
❖I know he lives here . ❖I know he lived here ten years ago . ❖I have heard that he will come tomorrow .
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2.如果主句是过去的时态（包括一般过去时，过 去进行时），那么从句的时态一定要用相对应 的过去的某种时态（包括一般过去时，过去进 行时，过去将来时， 过去完成时）
Who will win the match is still unknown.
主语从句
I want to know what he has told you.
宾语从句
The fact is that we have lost the game.
表语从句
The news that we won the game is exciting.
同位语从句
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宾语从句的定义
置于动词、介词等词性后面起宾语作用的从句叫 宾语从句。
宾语从句的语序必须是陈述语序。谓语动词、介 词、动词不定式，v.-ing形式后面都能带宾语从 句。
有些形容词（afraid,sure,glad等）之后也可 以带宾语从句。
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宾语从句中引导词的用法
在复合句中作主句的宾语，引导词有：
从属连词：that (that 常可省略),whether, if 连接代词：who, whose, what ,which， whom,whatever,whoever等 连接副词：when ,where, how, why 等。
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1. I know him . （简单句）
主语 谓语 宾语
2. I know who he is . （复合句）
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3.当从句是客观真理，定义，公理，定理 时用一般现在时。
The teacher said that the earth travels around the sun.
The teacher said that the world is made up of matter.
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三、语序 宾语从句的语序用陈述语序： 连接词+主语+谓语+其他成分
语法—名词性从句 之宾语从句
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英语句子概论 英语句子的种类
简单句 (simple sentence) 并列句 (compound sentence) 复合句 (complex sentence)
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简单句的五种基本句型
The weather is very cold. 主语+谓语（连系动词）+表语 He laughed. 主语+谓语（vi.） I like Chinese food. 主语+谓语(vt.)+宾语 She taught them physics. 主语+谓语(vt.)+间接宾语+直接宾语 We must keep the room warm. 主语+谓语(vt.) +宾语+宾语补足语
T注h意ey：ar动e 词ta+lk副in词g 形ab成ou的t 谓wh语et动he词r 词the组y 后ca也n p可as以s t带he宾ex语am从句. 。
3）有些形容词后也可以带有宾语从句。
I’m afraid (that) he won’t pass the exam . 14
引导词种类
一、从属连词 1. 当宾语从句是陈述句时（包括肯定句和否定 句），连词由that引导，因为that在从句中不作 任何成分，也没有任何具体意思，因此在口语 或非正式文体中常省略
yoБайду номын сангаасr school ? ❖Can you tell us how old his brother is ? ❖Please tell us how soon you will be ready .
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二、时态
1. 如果主句是现在的时态 （包括一般现在时 ， 现在进行时，现在完成时），从句的时态可根 据实际情况而定，（包括一般现在时，一般过 去时，一般将来时，现在完成时等）
定语从句 状语从句
1.The boy who is standing over there is T定o语m从句
2.Because it is raining ,we have to stay
at home
状语从句
3.I know (that)he is from America
名词性从句---(宾语从句）
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并列句 把两个或几个简单句用并列连词连接起来。
I turned on the TV. My sister and I watched it.
并
➢ I turned on the TV and my sister and I watched it.
I bought my sister a present. She didn’t like it. ➢I bought my sister a present,but she didn’t like it.
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1. When will he go to the library?
His brother asks when he will go to the library . His brother asks when will he go to the library .
2. What does he want to buy ?
His job is important.
What he does is important.
{ 表语 This is his job. This is what he does every day. 7
宾语
I don’t like his job. I don’t like what he does every day.
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引导词种类
2. 当宾语从句是一般疑问句时，由连词whether 或if引导（口语中常用if），因为if/whether翻 译成：“是否”，具有一定的意义，所以不 能省略
Lily wanted to know if /whether her grandma liked the handbag . Let’s see if /whether we can find out some information about that city . It all depends on whether she likes the boss or not.
并列句
常用并列连词: and, both…and, not only… but also,
• 平行并列连词: neither…nor
• 转折并列连词：but, however, while, yet,
• 因果并列连词: for, so
• 选择并列连词: or,either…or
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复合句:主句+从句 名词性从句
I don’t know about the man, Mr. White. 同位语
I don’t know about the fact that he is a teacher.
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名词性从句的作用相当于名词，因此主语从句、 表语从句 、宾语从句和同位语从句分别作主句 的主语、表语、宾语和同位语。
❖Lin Tao knows (that) his own team is even better. （肯） ❖She says (that) she won’t take part in the sports meeting
next Sunday.（否） ❖Jim thought (that) the train was like a big moving party. ❖He said (that) he would like to see the headmaster.
❖I knew who lived here. ❖I told me that she was talking with her mother at that time last week. ❖He asked whether his father would come back