数学术语翻译

数学术语翻译
数学术语翻译

一,代数部分

1.有关数学运算

add,plus加subtract减difference差multiply,times乘product积divide除

divisible可被整除的dividedevenly被整除dividend被除数,红利divisor因子 ,除数

quotient商remainder余数factorial阶乘power乘方radicalsign,rootsign根号

roundto四舍五入tothenearest四舍五入

2.有关集合

union并集proper subset真子集solution set解集

3.有关代数式、方程和不等式

algebraic term代数项like terms,similar terms同类项numerical coefficient 数字系数

literal coefficient字母系数inequality不等式 triangle inequality三角不等式

range值域original equation原方程equivalent equation同解方程,等价方程

linear equation线性方程(e.g.5x+6=22)

4.有关分数和小数

proper fraction真分数improper fraction假分数mixed number带分数vulgar fraction,

common fraction普通分数simple fraction简分数complex fraction繁分数

numerator分子denominator分母(least)common denominator(最小)公分母

quarter四分之一decimal fraction纯小数infinite decimal无穷小数

recurring decimal循环小数tenthsunit十分位

5.基本数学概念

arithmetic mean算术平均值weighted average加权平均值geometric mean几何平均数

exponent指数,幂base乘幂的底数,底边cube立方数,立方体square root平方根

cuberoot立方根common logarithm常用对数digit数字constant常数variable变量

inversefunction反函数complementary function余函数linear一次的,线性的factorization因式分解absolute value绝对值,e.g.|-32|=32round off四舍五入

6.有关数论

natural number自然数positive number正数negative number负数odd

integer,odd number奇数 even integer,even number偶数 integer,whole number整数positive whole number正整数 negative whole number负整数consecutive number连续整数real number, rational number实数,有理数irrational(number)无理数inverse倒数composite number合数 e.g.4,6,8,9,10,12,14,15……prime number质数e.g.2,3,5,7,11,13,15……

注意:所有的质数(2除外)都是奇数,但奇数不一定是质数 reciprocal倒数common divisor公约数

multiple倍数(least)common multiple(最小)公倍数(prime)factor(质)因子common factor公因子ordinaryscale,decimalscale十进制nonnegative非负的tens十位units个位mode众数(可以不止一个)median中数(如果有偶数个,取中间两个数的平均数)common ratio公比standard diviation标准方差,方差是一组数据中的每一个数与这组数据的平均数的差的平方的和再除以数据的个数,标准方差是方差开方

7.数列

arithmetic progression(sequence)等差数列geometric progression(sequence)等比数列

8.其它

approximate近似(anti)clockwise(逆)顺时针方向cardinal基数ordinal序数directproportion正比distinct不同的estimation估计,近似parentheses括号

proportion比例permutation排列combination组合table表格trigonometric function三角函数unit单位,位

二,几何部分

1.所有的角

alternate angle内错角corresponding angle同位角vertical angle对顶角

central angle 圆心角interior angle内角exterior angle外角supplementary angles补角complementary angle余角adjacent angle邻角 acute angle锐角obtuse angle钝角right angle直角 round angle周角 straight angle平角

included angle夹角

2.所有的三角形

equilateral triangle等边三角形scalene triangle不等边三角形isosceles triangle等腰三角形 right triangle直角三角形oblique斜三角形inscribed triangle内接三角形

3.有关收敛的平面图形,除三角形外

semicircle半圆

concentric circles同心圆quadrilateral四边形pentagon五边形hexagon六边形

heptagon 七边形octagon八边形nonagon九边形decagon十边形polygon多边形

parallelogram平行四边形equilateral等边形plane平面square正方形,平方

rectangle长方形regular polygon正多边形rhombus菱形trapezoid梯形

4.其它平面图形

arc弧line,straight line直线line segment线段parallel lines平行线segment of a circle弧形

5.有关立体图形

cube立方体,立方数rectangular solid长方体regular solid/regular polyhedron 正多面体

circular cylinder圆柱体cone圆锥sphere球体solid立体的

6.有关图形上的附属物

altitude高depth深度side边长circumference,perimeter周长radian弧度surface area 表面积

volume体积arm直角三角形的股cross section横截面center of acircle圆心chord弦

radius半径angle bisector角平分线diagonal对角线diameter直径edge棱face of a solid立体的面hypotenuse斜边included side夹边leg三角形的直角边

medianofatriangle三角形的中线base底边,底数(e.g.2的5次方,2就是底数)

opposite直角三角形中的对边midpoint中点endpoint端点vertex(复数形式vertices)顶点

tangent切线的transversal截线intercept截距

7.有关坐标

coordinate system坐标系rectangular coordinate直角坐标系origin原点abscissa横坐标

ordinate纵坐标numberline数轴quadrant象限slope斜率complex plane复平面

8.其它

plane geometry平面几何trigonometry三角学bisect平分circumscribe外切inscribe内切

intersect相交perpendicular垂直pythagorean theorem勾股定理

congruent全等的multilateral多边的

三,其它

1.单位类

cent美分penny一美分硬币nickel5美分硬币dime一角硬币dozen打(12个)score廿(20个)

Centigrade摄氏Fahrenheit华氏quart夸脱gallon加仑(1gallon=4quart)yard码 meter米

micron微米inch英寸foot英尺minute分(角度的度量单位,60分=1度) squaremeasure平方单位制

cubicmeter立方米pint品脱(干量或液量的单位)

2.有关文字叙述题,主要是有关商业

intercalary year(leapyear)闰年(366天)common year平年(365天)depreciation 折旧

down payment直接付款discount打折margin利润profit利润interest利息simple interest单利

compounded interest复利dividend红利decrease to减少到decrease by减少了

increase to增加到increase by增加了denote表示list price标价markup 涨价per capita每人

ratio比率retail price零售价tie打平

units个位十位tens 十分位tenths to the nearest hundredths近似到百分位digit number数位,页码,比如:47的digit是2位 product乘积 consecutive positive integer连续正整数 the least common multiple最小公倍数 the greatest common divisor最大公约数

凸多边形内角和公式:(n-2)×180各

314,157,628里面有个派同一段孤或弦对应的圆心角是圆周角的两倍

圆锥体积=1/3×底面积×高圆锥侧面积=l×派×r/2 球体积=3/4派r的3次方球面积=4派r的平方抛物线开口朝向

排列组合:Pnk Cnk 概率:目标事件除以总事件,比如:打字、拿球,投骰子,走格子,照相

图表题:要仔细读题,特别是星号部分是解题线索

数学总共错2道题,还是800分

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常用翻译词汇

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温养脏腑warming and nourishing the viscera 瘀血阻络blood stasis obstructing the collaterals 清肺润燥clearing the lung and moistening dryness 破瘀通经breaking blood stasis to promote menstruation 内伤头疼headache due to internal injury 祛瘀eliminating stasis, expelling stasis 逆传心包reverse transmission into the pericardium 气不摄血failure of qi to check the blood 宁心安神calming the heart and tranquilizing the mind 血液循行circulation of the blood 惊悸不安palpitation due to fright 气的运动形式the moving styles of qi 血液生成不足insufficient production of the blood 平肝止血soothing the liver to stop bleeding 血液亏虚deficiency of the blood 离经之血abnormal flow of the blood 津液的形状、功能与分布form, function, and distribution of the body fluid 气血生化之源source for the production and transformation of qi and blood 脉细无力thin and weak pulse 肌肤干燥dry skin 肌肤甲错squamous and dry skin 血脉调和流畅smooth and normal flow of the blood

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