英语阅读理解

ASuppose you don’t need your car today. And suppose, as it happens, that a stranger in your area does need a car. Would you be willing to rent yours outSeveralcar-sharing start-ups, including Getaround, RelayRides and JustShareIt, are eager to conneccar owners with renters this way. The companies have different rules, but participating owners receive, generally speaking, about two-thirds of the rental earnings. RelayRides says an owner of a midsize, late-model sedan who rents out a car for 10 hours a week could expect to clear about $3,000 a year.Peer-to-peer car sharing remains in the trial stage; it can be found in San Francisco and a few other places. It has a long way to go before it becomes the auto equivalent of Airbnb, the surprise success story for peer-to-peer sharing of space in apartments and houses.Shelby Clark, founder of RelayRides, says potential investors in his company have been concerned that owners will be afraid to hand their car over to strangers. To address that, he points to Airbnb, saying, “Letting people sleep in your living room is much more of a disturbance into your personal space than letting someone use your car.”All of these companies offer their own insurance coverage for their renters, which are supposed to put owners’minds at ease. But only two states—California and Oregon—have passed laws to clarify that an owner will not suffer any consequences should a car-sharing renter have an accident.“In all the other states, legal ambiguity remains,”Shelby Clark says. “If a renter should be involved in a serious accident in those states, the victim can be expected to go after every party possible, including the car’s owner.”Also to remove the worries of car owners, the driving records of renters are checked for recent serious violations.56. What does the underlined word “sedan”in Paragraph 2 probably refer toA. A kind of car.B. An owner of a car.C. A renting company.D. A car-sharing renter.57. Which of the following is true of AirbnbA. It cares little about personal privacy.B. It deals with house-sharing successfully.C. It is a very popular car-sharing company.D. Its ideas are being tried out in some states.58. If a car-sharing renter should have an accident in California, the car’s owner .A. has to take legal responsibilityB. will not suffer the consequenceC. is not covered by health insuranceD. must pay the insurance for the renter59. According to the text, more car-owners will participate in the service, ifA. legal ambiguity is clarified in all the statesB. renters are warned not to violate traffic rulesC. more money is given to participating ownersD. people are aware of the importance of sharingBResearch by the Institute of Education (IOE) in London found that men who went to single-sex schools were not only more likely to be separated from a partner or divorced, but also more likely to be depressed by middle age.The chances of women having successful marriages were not affected by whether they were educated in mixed or single-sex research by the IOE found that going without boys was beneficial for women in other ways since there was a " statistically significant positive association between single-sex schooling and wages for women".The study into marital success interviewed 17,000 adults who were taught in a range of schools including private boarding schools to state found that single-sex education does not compromise the chances either of men or women of getting married.However, researchers found that boys educated on their own were more likely to divorce in later for women, there was no significant research also found men taught in boys' schools were more likely to suffer from depression by age 42—perhaps because of their increased chances of marital Professor Leonard's team was unable to identify why those men educated in a single-sex environment were more likely to divorce.The study asked married and cohabiting couples where men had attended both single-sex and mixed schools to rate how happy they were and found no marked difference in their happiness levels or willingness to share domestic chores.Mary Boust, general secretary of the Association of Teachers and Lecturers, said the IOE research confirmed what was always suspected."All the research shows single-sex schools are good for girls but bad for boys—both in terms of academic performance and socialization," she said."Boys learn better when they are with girls and they actually learn to get on better." The findings were presented at a conference on gender in education hosted by Perse School for Girls in Cambridge.researches made by the IOE indicate that ____.model has little influence on women's marriageis the main cause of middle age depressionin single-sex schools are more likely not to get marriedschools arc relatively better than single-sex schoolsto the passage, the single-sex education ____.a wide range of schoolsa close link with women's marriagemen's chances of getting marriedincrease the risk of divorce for men in later lifeunderlined word "cohabiting" probably means ____.togather before getting marriedtogether in a projectthe same habitin the same schoolto the passage, Mary Boust suggests that ____.IOE 's researches were suspectedschool is a better choice for boysare better in academic performance than girlsschools are good to boys in terms of socialization onlyCSomething's not quite right with the global CO2 emissions have continued to swell, the global temperature rise has leveled , satellites and other observational tools indicate that the net heat retained by the planet has continued to increase, and that excess energy should be pushing up surface it's not.In fact, up to half the heat energy that was expected to fuel global wanning since 2003 has gone " Kevin Trenberth and John Fasullo of the National Center for Atmospheric Research ( NCAR) wonder where that heat may have gone—and what it could mean for the future of the climate.One possibility is that some of our measurements could be scientists have a lot of confidence in their ability to measure CO2 buildup and the energy balance in the atmosphere—the data used in the measurements comes from multiple sources, all of which, Fasullo says, "tell the same story"—our data on ocean temperatures isn't as good."Keeping track of temperature over the whole oceans isn't that easy," says Fasullo.So, it is likely that the missing heat is being trapped deep in the ocean, well below the 900m to 1,500m range of our surface despite their vastness, the deep oceans have a limit, says Fasullo, who thinks they won't behave as a heat sink over the long term."That's not what we've seen over long time scales in the past," he says."We clearly know the ocean can't absorb the heat indefinitely.Overall, the missing heat doesn't change expectations for future climate change, because the heat won't stay missing it will resurface and impact the climate system, and the recent and deceptive reprieve from rapid warming we've enjoyed will come to an expected that will happen is unknown, but better science can give us a clearer idea."At the end of the day, the system will come back to balance, and that suggests temperature will end up increasing," says it's still up to us to do something about it.the first paragraph, we can see that ____.temperature is pushing up day by dayand other observational tools are not accurateis no great increase in surface temperature at presentCO2 emissions have made the planet warmer as expectedto Fasullo's report, we can conclude that ____.measurements of heats in ocean may not be exactglobal temperture rise has dropped downstill needs higher technical tools for measuring missing heathave enough confidence in measuring CO2 emissionsis the missing heat likely to hide, as Fasullo expectsmay hide in our natural environment.has sunk into ocean over the long term.may be absorbed by large number of forests.may be absorbed by deep ocean temporarily.can we learn from the last paragraphour environment is necessary.missing heat some day will affect our climate.missing heat can make us relaxed in long term.government should take measures to lessen CO2 emissions.DThe lakes also moderate seasonal temperatures to some degree, by absorbing heat to cool the air in summer and then slowly giving out that heat in autumn. This function of the lakes protects the autumn against frost, and it also keeps the summer time temperatures cooler than further inland. This temperature buffering(缓冲)produces areas known as "fruit belts”，where fruits typically grown farther south can be produced. That is why some southern fruits like apples ，cherries and grapes can be found in western Michigan near the lake shore as far north as the Grand Traverse Bay. The eastern shore of Lake Michigan and the southern shore of Lake Erie have many wine makers as a result of this.However ,the lake effect has been found to be related to the occurrence of bad weather. For example, fogs are often formed over medium-sized areas along the shorelines of the lakes. This is most noticeable along Lake Superior's shores ，due to its coastal climate. A case in point is Hurricane Hazel in 1954，and tornadoes in Michigan and Ontario in 2007. Such evidence shows that the lake effect may help strengthen storms.result does "the lake effect" bring to the eastern shore _____.A. Seasonal windsB. Warmer wet airC. Mild weatherD. Heavy snowfallsunderlined word "moderate" in the 2nd paragraph probably means u______”.A. holdB. limitC. balanceD. raisetypical southern fruits grow well in western Michigan because_____.A« there is no frost in autumn B. it has a cool summer thereC. it has a fairly mild climateD. there are many wine makerscan know from the passage that _____.A. frosts often occur along the shoresB. coastal areas are likely to be snowyC, storms strengthen the lake effect D. bad weather can be caused by the lake effect.ECould smells affect your lifespan Female fruit flies rid of the ability to smell food outlive their sense of smell may be linked to the cellular ageing process in many other organisms—even link has recently been found between sensory experiences and lifespan in both worms and example, Scott Pletcher, a biologist at the University of Michigan, found that eliminating (消除) fruit flies' ability to smell enabled them to live nearly 20 percent longer than flies with an intact sense of smell.Pletcher's team reasoned that food smells were the ones most likely to affect ageing, as nutrition and longevity are known to be linked in many test the idea that food odors affect lifespan, Pletcher's team eliminated flies' ability to smell carbon dioxide, which is produced by some fly left the rest of the smelling system intact.This intervention had no effect on male flies, but the females lived 30 percent longer than thinks eliminating the ability to smell CO2 may deprive flies of information about food could signal to cells that food is scarce, causing processes that promote , his team found that the CO2 -insensitive female flies stored extra fat and that both males and females immune to CO2 were more resistant to stress than normal isn't sure why the change in his fruit flies only affected the lifespan of the females, but he suggests that females may simply be more sensitive to the odor of CO2.A smell or taste that stretches lifespan in humans could be a potential preventative for age-related disease, he in fruit flies it appears to be the smell of CO2 that affects ageing, he says that an analogue in humans might be a smell or taste linked to human food—or a lack of Kaeberlein studies ageing at the University of Washington in Seattle.He cautions that we don't know whether ageing and smell are linked in " we definitely undergo physiological changes in response to smelling food—I'm getting hungry just thinking about it—so I think it's possible."purpose of the study by Scott Pletcher is to ____.there is the best way to make lifespan longerus we should eliminate our smell ability to live longthe sense of smell can affect the cellular ageing processfemale fruit flies without ability to smell odor can live longer's team does some researches to prove ____.immune system of flies to chemicalslinks between nutrition and longevityimportance of food odors to our humansconnections between food odors and lifespanto the results of Pletcher's study, we can see that ____.flies in general can live longer than female flieswithout ability to smell is inspired to find food in another waymale and female flies can live longer without the ability to smell without ability to smell can also get information about food availability of the following best describes the passage as a wholeflies are insensitive to CO2.could affect humans' lifespan.sense of smell is vital to humans' health.fmit flies can live longer than male flies.。