省略if的虚拟条件句中
高中英语省略句在复杂句型中的简洁表达单选题40题
高中英语省略句在复杂句型中的简洁表达单选题40题1. In the news, it was reported that “The suspect was seen entering the building, but ( ) leaving.” Which of the following can be used to fill in the blank?A. notB. was notC. he notD. he was not答案：A。
解析：在这个句子中，这里是省略了与前面相同的部分“was seen”，使用“not”就可以简洁地表达出“没有被看到离开”的意思。
选项B“was not”如果填入句子会造成结构冗余。
选项C“he not”这种表达是错误的英语用法。
选项D“he was not”同样存在结构冗余的问题。
2. In a daily conversation, “Are you going to the party tonight?” “I’d love to ( ), but I have a lot of homework.” What should be in the blank?A. goB. goingC. to goingD. be going答案：A。
解析：这里是省略了“go to the party”中的“go”，“I’d love to”后面直接跟动词原形表示想要做某事，这是常见的省略句用法。
选项B“going”不是动词原形形式。
选项C“to going”是错误用法。
选项D“be going”也不符合这里的省略句规则。
3. In a literary work, “He could run faster than his friend ( ).” Which word can be filled in?A. canB. couldC. doD. does答案：B。
解析：在这个比较结构的句子中，为了避免重复，后面省略了与前面相同的“run”，并且情态动词也使用与前面一致的“could”。
虚拟条件句中if的隐含或省略
虚拟条件句中if的隐含或省略语言是灵活多变的，表达是丰富多彩的。
有的时候虚拟语气的表现形式也显得非常灵活，比如就说其中的虚拟条件吧——它有时会以if从句来表示，但有时会用某种短语来表示，比如不定式短语、分词短语、介词短语等等。
1. if的隐含I should be happy to go with you.如果能与你一起去，我将很高兴。
句中的不定式短语to go with you就是表示虚拟条件的，它相当于if I could go with you。
这句话的言外之意是：可惜我不一定有机会同你一起去。
To have studied harder, you would have passed the examination.你学习更用功些，你早就考及格了。
句中的不定式短语to have studied harder也是表示虚拟条件的，它相当于if you had studied harder。
句子的言外之意是：可惜你当时没有更用功我，所以你就没有考及格。
Failing this time, what would you do？假若这次失败，那你怎么办？句中的分词短语failing this time表示虚拟条件，相当于if you failed this time。
其言外之意是：尽管失败的可能性很小，但还是有可能会失败，假若失败了，那怎么办？Without your help, we couldn’t have succeeded.如果没有你的帮助，我们就不会取得成功。
句中的介词短语without your help表示虚拟条件，相当于if you hadn’t given us help。
其言外之意是：好在你帮助了我们，所以我们取得了成功。
I didn’t know that he was a cheat, or else I wouldn’t have believed him.我不知道他是个骗子，不然我也不会相信他了。
虚拟条件句中if的隐含或省略
I: 最基本的虚拟语气句型:1. 虚拟现在时表示与现在事实相反的假设，其if 从句的谓语形式用动词的过去式(be 一般用were)，主句用would/ should/ could/ might +动词原形。
If places were alike, there would be little need for geographers.如果各个地方都一样，就不需要地理学家了。
2. 虚拟过去时是表示与过去事实相反的假设，if 从句的谓语形式用过去完成时即had＋过去分词，主句用would / should / could / might + have +过去分词。
If he had known your address yesterday,he would have telephoned you.3. 虚拟将来时是表示对将来实现的可能性很小的或不确定的假设。
If从句的谓语形式用一般过去式或用were to / should +动词原形，主句用would / should/could/ might +动词原形。
If he were to leave today, he would get there by Friday4. 省略if 采用倒装语序的条件句。
有时可以把含有助动词、情态动词、be 或have的虚拟条件句中的连词if省去，而将had , should, were 等词提到主语之前，即用倒装结构。
If he had worked harder, he would have got through the exams.==>Had he worked harder, he would have got through the exams.If he were to leave today, he would get there by Friday.==>Were he to leave today, he would get there by Friday.If I were in your place, I wouldn‟t do that.==>WereI in your place, I wouldn‟t do that.5. 有时虚拟条件句并没用if 从句表示出来，而是用介词短语(otherwise, or, without, but for)、上下文或其它方式来表示。
含有虚拟语气的倒装句
含有虚拟语气条件句的倒装句（要点精讲）在虚拟结构中，条件从句的谓语含有were, had 和should 这三个词时，可省去if，将这些词移至主语之前。
如：Had we got here earlier, we would have caught the train.=If we had got here earlier, we would have caught the train. 如果我们能早一点到那里，我们就能赶上火车了。
Had I time, I would go and help you.= If I had time, I would go and help you. 如果我有时间，我会去帮你的。
Were I you, I would go abroad.= If I were you, I would go abroad. 如果我是你，我会出国的。
Should he come, tell him to call me up.=If he should come, tell him to call me up. 如果他来，告诉他给我打电话。
（典例剖析）【例题1】_______ fired, your health care and other benefits will not be immediately cut off.A. Would you beB. Should you beC. Could you beD. Might you be【答案】B【解析】该句中条件句为非真实条件句，省略if且表示与将来事实相反。
故正确答案为B。
【难度】一般【例题2】______ for the free ticket, I would not have gone to see the film.A. If it is notB. Were it notC. Had it not beenD. If they were not【答案】C【解析】该条件句中省略if, 且表达与过去事实相反。
专四语法第13节-虚拟语气
第十三节虚拟语气虚拟语气是谓语动词的一种特殊形式，用来表达假设、主观愿望、猜测、建议、可能或纯粹的空想等非真实情况。
一if非真实条件句中的虚拟语气1.if非真实条件句的基本用法由if引导的非真实条件句表示对现在、过去、将来的事实进行假设时，主句与从句中谓语动词的形式可以分为以下三类：The victim would have had a chance to survive if he had been taken to hospital in time.遇难者如果及时送往医院，他本来就有机会活下来的。
（与过去事实相反）If I knew his telephone number,I would tell you.如果我知道他的电话号码，我会告诉你。
（与现在事实相反）If there should be a heavy snow next Sunday,we would not go skating.如果下周日下大雪的话，我们就不去滑冰了。
（表将来）[专四真题] If there were no subjunctive mood, English ______ much easier to learn. could have been B. would be C. will be D. would have been译文：如果没有虚拟语气，英语学习起来就会更容易了。
分析：本题表示与现在事实相反的假设。
表现与现在事实相反，条件从句用一般过去时，主句使用should(would)+动词原形，故B为答案。
A项could have been 是对过去事实的假设，与从句所表示的现在事实不吻合；C项will be 不可以用于虚拟语气中；D 是与过去事实相反的假设的虚拟语气从句形式。
2.省略if的虚拟条件句的用法在虚拟条件句中，如果从句中含有were, had或should等词时，可将if省去，把were, had或should等提到主句之前，引起倒装。
英语语法知识虚拟语气
【导语】在⼤学英语六级考试中，单独考察六级语法的题型不多，但是语法知识点却贯穿整张试卷，下⾯是⽆忧考为⼤家整理的基础语法知识——虚拟语⽓。
1. 表⽰现在/过去/将来情况的虚拟条件句虚拟条件句主要有三种结构：1) 表⽰与现在情况相反：主句谓语⽤“would / could / might +动词原形”，从句谓语⽤“动词的⼀般过去时”(动词be的过去式⼀律⽤were)。
If I were you, I would not accept his offer.If I had time, I would certainly go to the cinema with you.2) 表⽰与过去情况相反：主句谓语⽤“would / could / might + have +过去分词”，从句谓语⽤过去完成时。
If I had got up a little earlier, I wouldn’t have missed the train.If I had been more careful, I might have passed that exam.3) 表⽰与将来情况相反：主句谓语⽤“would / could / might +动词原形”，从句谓语⽤“were +动词不定式”或“should +动词原形”。
If I were to do the job, I would not be able to have enough time to study.If it should rain tomorrow, I would not go out with you.2. 虚拟条件句连接词if的省略如果虚拟条件句的从句中含有were, had, should, could等词时，可以省略连接词if，但这时必须把were, had, should, could等词移到主语前⾯，形成倒装。
这种句型主要⽤于书⾯形式。
if条件句省略
if条件句中的省略在虚拟条件句中，谓语部分如果含有“were, had, should”时，可以省去连词if，将“were, had, should”挪到从句句首，其余部分不变，从而形成从句的部分倒装。
这种省略仅用于正式语体中。
如：Were I you（＝If I were you）， I would go.Had I seen him yesterday（＝If I had seen him yesterday）, I would have told him the news.Should she come tomorrow（＝If she should come tomorrow）, I would give her the dictionary.在真实条件句中，如果谓语动词是“be”或含有“be”，而主语又和主句的主语一致或者主语是“it”时，从句中的主语可连同动词“be”一起省去，形成以下几种不同的结构。
1、if＋形容词If (it is) necessary, ring me at home——you know my number.He wishes, if (it is) possible to have it printed, a slip of paper.If (it is) quite convenient to you, I will be with you Tuesday next.Send the goods now, if (they are) ready.2、if＋分词He will come if (he is) asked.If (it is) not well managed, irrigation can be harmful.If (they are) marked with numbers, the books can be easily found.3、if＋名词①if a day (a yard, an inch, etc.) 意为“at least”，常译成“无论……一定……”。
2021年国家开放大学非英语专业学士学位英语考试真题解析第二章词语用法与语法结构(5)20秋真题解析
语，排除选项A。句子中leave与he之间是动宾关系，使用被动语态形式，排除选项
C、D。选项B表示“某人被留下来做某事”。根据题意可知选项B正确。
［句意】他被留下来负责管理夜总会，这让他烦扰许久。
17. Were it not for the bad weather, we
tennis at the moment.
一早。
14. We have to accept the fact and we stick to them all our lives.
most of us have been raised with certain foods
A. which
B. what
【答案】C
［考点】同位语从句
C. that
chapter of my autobiography.
A. keep up
B. stay up
C. wake up
D. jump up
【答案】B
［考点】词组
【解析】keep up意思是“赶上”，stay up意思是“熬夜”，wake up意思是“醒
来”，jump叩意思是“跳起来”。题干中的deadline指“最后期限”，与动词meet搭配
15. Running up big bills on credit cards means you'll have trouble debt when the statement arrives.
the full
A. to pay off
B. paying off
C. paid off
D. being paid off
D. picks out
【解析】本题考查词组含义的辨析。carryout意思是“开展, 执行”；pick up意思
虚拟语气在 if 条件句中的用法
_______five minutes earlier, you could have seen them off. A. If you should arrive B. If you arrive C. Had you arrived D. Should you arrive
________it rain tomorrow, we should put off the visit to the Science Museum. A. could B. should C. would D. might
Little Robert asked his mother for two cents. "What did you do with the money I gave you yesterday?", Mother asked. "I gave it to a poor old woman," he answered. "You're a good boy," said the mother proudly. "Here are two cents more. But why are you so interested in the old woman?" “If she had not been the one who sold the candy, I would not have given her my money and I would not be so interested in her.” he answered. What can we know from this passage? A. Robert paid the old woman for the candy. B. Robert was a good boy. C. The old woman gave Robert the candy for free. D. The old woman didn’t sell the candy.
高中英语高考必修课---语法：倒装知识讲解及巩固练习题(含答案解析)
高中英语高考必修课---语法：倒装知识讲解及巩固练习题（含答案解析）概念引入英语的主语和谓语有两种顺序：主语放在谓语前，叫自然语序；把谓语或谓语的一部分放在主语前,叫倒装语序。
我们开始学英语时，就学过倒装句，疑问句就是一种倒装句。
先看下面的句子：1.Never will Zhou Yang forget his first assignment at the office of apopular English newspaper.2.Not only am I interested in photography,but I took an amateurcourse at university to update my skills.3.Only if you ask many different questions will you acquire all theinformation you need to know.4.Here comes my list of dos and don’ts...5.Not only was there a Christmas tree,but also exciting presents under it.到底什么可以倒装呢？什么情况下可以倒装呢？接下去我们就详细学习倒装句这种语法现象。
用法讲解倒装语序的形式有两种：整个谓语放在主语前,叫全部倒装；只把助动词、情态动词或be动词等放在主语之前，叫部分倒装，也称为半倒装。
如：Here comes my list of dos and don’ts.(全部倒装)这是我的行为准则列表。
Never will Zhou Yang forget the day she met that famous inventor.（部分倒装）周扬永远也不会忘记她遇到那位著名的发明家的那一天。
为什么要倒装：倒装是一种语法手段，主要的作用有：1.语法结构的需要，如构成疑问句时经常需要用倒装。
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省略if的虚拟条件句中，
were, had, should与主语倒装。
Were I you, I would do the work.
Were I (= If I were) in your place, I wouldn’t give it up so early.
Had I (= If I had ) known, I might have joined you in the discussion.
Should you (= If you should) be interested, I have a book on the subject you might like to see.
当虚拟条件句的谓语动词含有were, should, had时，if可以省略，这时条件
从句要用倒装语序，即将were, should, had等词置于句首，这种多用于书面
语。
如：
Should he agree to go there, we would send him there.
要是他答应去的话，我们就派他去。
Were she here, she would agree with us.
如果她在这儿的话，她会同意我们的。
Had he learnt about computers, we would have hired him to work here. 如果她懂一些电脑知识的话，我们已经聘用他来这里工作了。