2020年12月六级真题第三套
12月英语六级真题卷第三套(含答案)
Part I WritingDirection：For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay based on the picture below. You should focus on the harm caused by misleading information online. You are required to write at least 150 words but no more than 200 words.It seems to be a law in the technology industry that leading companies eventually lose their position, often quickly and brutally. Mobile phone champion Nokia, one of Europe's biggest technology success stories, was no _____(37), losing its market share in just a few years.PartⅢ Reading ComprehensionIn 2007, Nokia accounted for more than 40% of mobile phone sales _____(38). But consumers' preferences were already _____(39)toward touch-screen smartphone. With the introduction of Apple's iPhone in the middle of that year, Nokia's market share _____(40)rapidly and revenue plunged. By the end of 2013, Nokia had sold its phone business to Microsoft.What sealed Nokia's fate was a series of decisions made by Stephen Elop in his position as CEO, which he _____(41)in October 2010. Each day that Elop spent in chargeof Nokia, the company's market value declined by $23 million, making him, by the numbers, one of the worst CEOs in history.But Elop was not the only person at _____(42). Nokia's board resisted change, making it impossible for the company to adapt to rapid shifts in the industry. Most _____(43), Jorma Ollila, who had led Nokia's transition from an industrial company to a technology giant, was too fascinated by the company's _____(44)success to recognize the change that was needed to sustain its competitiveness.The company also embarked on a _____(45)cost-cutting program, which included the elimination of thousands of jobs. This contributed to the _____(46)of the company's once-spirited culture, which had motivated employees to take risks and make miracles. Good leaders left the company, taking Nokia's sense of vision and direction with them. Not surprisingly, much of Nokia's most valuable design and programming talent left as well.A.assumedB.biasC.desperateD.deteriorationE.exceptionF.faultG.incidentallyH.notablyI.previous J.relayed K.shifting L.shrankM.subtle N.transmitting O.worldwideSection BFirst-Generation College-Goers: Unprepared and BehindKids who are the first in their families to brave the world of higher education come on campus with little academic know-how and are much more likely than their peers to drop out before graduation.A) When Nijay Williams entered college last fall as a fires-generation student and Jamaican immigrant, he was academically unprepared for the rigors of higher education. Like many first-generation student, he enrolled in a medium-sized state university many of his high school peers were also attending, received a Pell Grant, and board and the closeness of the school to his family, he chose to live at home and worded between 30 and 40 hours a week while taking a full class schedule.B) What Nijay didn't realize about his school—Tennessee State University—was its frighteningly low graduation rate: a mere 29 percent for its first-generation students. At the end of his first year, Nijay lost his Pell Grant of over $5,000 after narrowly missing the 2.0 GPA cut-off, making it impossible for him to continue paying for school.C) Nijay represents a large and growing group of Americans: first-generation college students who enter school unprepared or behind. To make matters worse, these schools are ill-equipped to graduate these students—young adults who face specific challenges and obstacles. They typically carry financial burdens that outweigh those of their peers, are more likely to work while attending school, and often require significant academic remediation(补习).D) Matt Rubinoff directs I'm First, a nonprofit organization launched last October to reach out to this specific population of students. He hopes to distribute this information and help prospective college-goers find the best post-secondary fit. And while Rubinoff believes there are a good number of four-year schools that truly care about these students and set aside significant resources and programs for them, he says that number isn't high enough.E) "It's not only the selective and elite institutions that provide those opportunities for a small subset of this population," Rubinoff said, adding that a majority of first-generation under graduates tend toward options such as online programs, two-year colleges, and commuter stand schools. "Unfortunately, there tends to be a lack of information and support to help students think bigger and broader."F) Despite this problem, many students are still drawn to these institutions —and two-year schools in particular. As a former high school teacher, I saw students choose familiar, cheaper options year after year. Instead of skipping out on higher education altogether, they chose community colleges or state schools with low bars for admittance.G) "They underestimate themselves when selecting a university," said Dave Jarrat, a marketing executive for Inside Track, a for-profit organization that specializes in coaching low-income students and supporting colleges in order to help students thrive. "The reality of it is that a lot of low-income kids could be going to elite universities on a full ride scholarship and don't even realize it."H) "Many students are coming from a situation where no one around them has the experience of successfully completing higher education, so they are coming in questioning themselves and their college worthiness," Jarrat continued. That helps explain why, as I'm First's Rubinoff indicated, the schools to which these students end up resorting can end up being some of the poorest matches for them. The University of Tennessee and Tennessee State are worth comparing. Tennessee State's overall graduation rate is a tiny 39 percent, but at least it has a smaller gap between the outcomes for first-generation students and those of their peers.I) Still, the University of Tennessee deserves credit for being transparent. Many large institutions keep this kind of data secret—or at least make it incredibly difficult to find. The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, for instance, admits only that the graduation rate for its first-generation pupils is "much lower" than the percentage of all students who graduate within four years (81 percent).J) It is actually quite difficult to find reliable statisties on the issue for many schools. Higher education institutions are, under federal law, required to report graduation rates, but these reports typically only include Pell recipient numbers—not necessarily rates specific to first-generation students. Other initiatives fail to break down the data, too. Imagine how intimidating it can be for prospective students unfamiliar with the complexities of higher education to navigate this kind of information and then identify which schools are the best fit.K) It was this lack of information that prompted the launch of I'm First in 2013, originally as an arm of its umbrella organization, the Center For Student Opportunity. "If we can help to direct students to more of these types of campuses and help students to understand them to be realistic and accessible places, have them apply to these schools at greater frequency and ultimately get in and enroll, we are going to raise the success rate,"Rubinoff said, citing a variety of colleges ranging from large state institutions to smaller private schools.L) Chelsea Jones, who now directs student programming at I'm First, was a first-generation college student at Howard. Like other student new to the intimidating higher-education world, she often struggled on her path to college. "There wasn't really a college-bound culture at my high school," she said. "I want to go to college but I didn't really know the process." Jones became involved with a college-access program through Princeton University in high school. Now sheattributes much of her understanding of college to that:" But once I got to campus, it was a completely different ball game that no one really prepared me for."M) She was fortunate, though. Howard, a well-regarded historically black college, had an array of resources for its first-generation students, including matching kids with counselors, connecting first-generation students to one another, and TRIO, a national program that supported 200 students on Howard's campus. Still, Jones represents a small percentage of first-generation students who are able to gain entry into more elite universities, which are often known for robust financial aid packages and remarkably high graduation rates for first-generation students. (Harvard, for example, boasts a six-year graduation rate for underrepresented minority groups of 98 percent.)N) Christian Vazquez, a first-generation Tale graduate, is another exception, his success story setting him far apart from students such as Nijay. "There is a lot of support at Yale, to an extent, after a while, there is too much support." he said, half-joking about the countless resources available at the school. Students are placed in small groups with counselors (trained seniors on campus); they have access to cultural and ethnic affinity(联系)groups, tutoring centers and also have a summer orientation specifically for first-generation students (the latter being one of the most common programs for students).O) "Our support structure was more like:' You are going to get through Yale; you are going to do well.'" he said, hinting at mentors(导师),staff, and professors who all provided significant support for students who lacked confidence about "belonging" at such a top institution.46. Many first-generation college-goers have doubts about their abilities to geta college degree.47. First-generation college students tend to have much heavier financial burdens than their peers.48. The graduation rate of first-generation students at Nijay's university was incredibly low.49. Some top institutions like Yale seem to provide first-generation students with more support than they actually need.50. On entering college, Nijay Williams had no idea how challenging college education was.51. Many universities simply refuse to release their exact graduation rates for first-generation students.52. According to a marketing executive, many students from low-income families dot's know they could have a chance of going to an elite university.53. Some elite university attach great importance to building up thefirst-generation students' self-confidence.54. I'm First distributes information to help first-generation college-goers find schools that are most suitable for them.55. Elite universities tend to graduate first-generation students at a higher rate.Section CSaying they can no longer ignore the rising prices of health care, some of the most influential medical groups in the nation are recommending that doctors weigh the costs, not just the effectiveness of treatment, as they make decisions about patient care.The shift, little noticed outside the medical establishment but already controversial inside it, suggests that doctors are starting to redefine their roles, from being concerned exclusively about individual patients to exerting influence on how healthcare dollars are spent.In practical terms, the new guidelines being developed could result in doctors choosing one drug over another for cost reasons or even deciding that a particular treatment-at the end of life, for example-is too expensive. In the extreme, some critics have said that making treatment decisions based on cost is a form of rationing.Traditionally, guidelines have heavily influenced the practice of medicine, and the latest ones are expected to make doctors more conscious of the economic consequences of their decisions, even though there's no obligation to follow them. Medical society guidelines are also used by insurance companies to help determine reimbursement(报销)policies.Some doctors see a potential conflict in trying to be both providers of patient care and financial overseers."There should be forces in society who should be concerned about the budget, but they shouldn't be functioning simultaneously as doctors," said Dr. Martin Samuels at a Boston hospital. He said doctors risked losing the trust of patients if they told patients, "I'm not going to do what I think is best for you because I think it's bad for the healthcare budget in Massachusetts."Doctors can face some grim trade-offs. Studies have shown, for example, that two drugs are about equally effective in treating macular degeneration, an eye disease. But one costs $50 a dose and the other close to $2,000. Medicare could save hundreds of millions of dollars a year if everyone used the cheaper drug. Avastin, instead of the costlier one, Lucentis.But the Food and Drug Administration has not approved Avastin for use in the eye, and using it rather than the alternative, Lucentis, might carry an additional, although slight, safety risk. Should doctors consider Medicare's budget in deciding what to use?"I think ethically(在道德层面上)we are just worried about the patient in front of us and not trying to save money for the insurance industry or society as a whole," said Dr. Donald Jensen.Still, some analysts say that there's a role for doctors to play in cost analysis because not many others are doing so. "In some ways," said Dr. Daniel Sulmasy, "it represents a failure of wider society to take up the issue."57. What do some most influential medical groups recommend doctors do?A.Reflect on the responsibilities they are supposed to take.B.Pay more attention to the effectiveness of their treatments.C.Take costs into account when making treatment decisions.D.Readjust their practice in view of the cuts in health care.58. What were doctors mainly concerned about in the past?A.Specific medicines to be used.B.Professional advancement.C.Effects of medical treatment.D.Patients' trust.59. What may the new guidelines being developed lead to?A.The redefining of doctors' roles.B.Conflicts between doctors and patients.C.Overuse of less effective medicines.D.The prolonging of patients' suffering.60. What risk do doctors see in their dual role as patient care providers and financial overseers?A.They may be involved in a conflict of interest.B.They may be forced to divide their attention.C.They may have to use less effective drugs.D.They may lose the respect of patients.61. What do some experts say about doctors' involvement in medical cost analysis?A.It may add to doctors' already heavy workloads.B.It will help to save money for society as a whole.C.It results from society's failure to tackle the problem.D.It raises doctors' awareness of their social responsibilities.Passage TwoQuestions 61 to 65 are based on the following passage.Economic inequality is the "defining challenge of our time," President Barack Obama declared in a speech last month to the Center for American Progress. Inequality is dangerous, he argued, not merely because it doesn't look good to have a large gap between the rich and the poor, but because inequality itself destroy upward mobility, making it harder for the poor to escape from poverty. "Increased inequality and decreasing mobility pose a fundamental threat to the American Dream," he said.Obama is only the most prominent public figure to declare inequality Public Enemy NO.1 and the greatest threat to reducing poverty in American. A number of prominent economists have also argued that it's harder for the poor to climb the economic ladder today because the rungs(横档)in that ladder have grown father apart.For all the new attention devoted to the I percent, a new datast from the Equality of Opportunity Projector at Harvard and Berkeley suggests that, if we care about upward mobility overall, we're vastly exaggerating the dangers of the rich-poor gap. Inequality itself is not a particularly strong predictor of economic mobility, as sociologist Scott Winship noted in a recent article based on his analysis of this data.So what factors, at the community level, do predict if poor children will move up the economic ladder as adults? What explains, for instance, why the Salt Lake City metro area is one of the least likely?Harvard economist Raj Chetty has pointed to economic and racial segregation, community density, the size of a community's middle class, the quality of schools, community religiosity, and family structure, which he calls the "single strongest correlate of upward mobility." Chetty finds that communities like Salt Lake City, with high levels of two-parent families and religiosity, are much more likely to see poor children get ahead than communities like Atlanta, with high levels of racial and economic segregation.Chetty has not yet issued a comprehensive analysis of the relative predictive power of each of these factors. Based on my analyses of the data, of the factors that Chetty has highlighted, the following three seem to be most predictive of upward mobility in a given community:1.per-capita(年均)income growth2.Prevalence of single mothers (where correlation is strong, but negative)3.per-capita local government spendingIn other words, communities with high levels of per-capita income growth, high percentages of two-parent families, and high local government spending——which may stand for good schools——are the most likely to help poor children relive Horatio Alger's rags-to-riches story.62. How does Obama view economic inequality?A.It is the biggest obstacle to social mobility.B.It is the greatest threat to social stability.C.It is the No.1 enemy of income growth.D.It is the most malicious social evil of our time.63. What do we learn about the inequality gap from Scott Winship's data analysis?A.It is fast widening across most parts of America.B.It is not a reliable indicator of economic mobility.C.It is not correctly interpreted.D.It is overwhelmingly ignored.64. Compared with Atlanta, metropolitan Salt Lake City is said to_____.A.have placed religious beliefs above party politicsB.have bridged the gap between the rich and the poorC.offer poor children more chances to climb the social ladderD.suffer from higher levels of racial and economic segregation65. What is strongly correlated with social mobility according to economist Raj Chetty?A.Family structure.B.Racial equalityC.School education.munity density.66. What does the author seem to suggest?A.It is important to increase the size of the middle class.B.It is highly important to expand the metropolitan areas.C.It is most imperative to focus our efforts on the elimination of income inequality.D.It is better to start from the community to help poor children move up the social ladder.翻译部分在帮助国际社会于2030年前消除极端贫困过程中，中国正扮演着越来越重要的角色。
12月英语六级翻译真题答案（三套）
12月英语六级翻译真题答案（三套）2020年12月英语六级翻译真题答案第一套2020年12月六级翻译真题答案：港珠澳大桥(Hong Kong- Zhuhai-Macau Bridge)全长55公里，是我国一项不同寻常的工程壮举。
大桥将三个城市连接起来，是世界上蟁长的跨海桥梁和隧道系统。
大桥将三个城市之间的旅行时间从3小时缩短到30分钟。
这座跨度巨大的钢筋混凝土大桥充分证明中国有能力建造创纪录的巨型建筑。
它将助推区域一体化，促进经济增长。
大桥是中国发展自己的大湾区总体规划的关键。
中国希望将大湾区建成在技术创新和经济繁荣上能与旧金山、纽约和东京的湾区相媲美的地区。
The 55-kilometre Hong Kong- Zhuhai-MacauBridge is an ex?traordinary engineering. It is the world’ s longestsea-crossing transportation system combining bridges and tunnels, which joinsthe three cities of Hong Kong Zhuhai and Macao, cutting the travelling timeamong them from B hours to 30 minutes. The reinforced concrete bridge with hugespans fully not only proves that China has the ability to complete therecord-breaking mega-construction, but also will enhance the regionalintegration and boost the economic growth. It plays a crucial role in theoverall plan to develop China's Great Bay Area, which China intends to turninto one rivaling those of San Francisco, New York and Tokyo in terms oftechnological innovation and economic prosperity.第二套2020年12月六级翻译真题答案：青藏铁路是世界上S高駸长的高原铁路，全长1956公里，其中有960公里在海拔4000多米之上，是连接西藏和中国其他地区的第一条铁路。
2020年12月英语六级真题(共三套)
2020年12月大学英语六级考试真题(第1套)Part I Writing (30 minutes) Directions:For this part you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay on why students should be encouraged to develop the ability to meet challenges. You should write at least 150 wordsbut no more than 200 words._____________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________ Part II Listening Comprehension (30 minutes) Section ADirections:In this section, you will hear two long conversations. At the end of each conversation, you will hear four questions. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once.After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A),B), C), and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single linethrough the centre.Questions 1 to 4 are based on the conversation you have just heard.1. A. She has not received any letter from the man.B. Her claim has been completely disregarded.C. She has failed to reach the manager again.D. Her house has not been repaired in time.2. A. Their caravan was washed away by the flood.B. The ground floor of their cottage was flooded.C. Their entire house was destroyed by the flood.D. The roof of their cottage collapsed in the flood.3. A. The woman’s failure to pay her house insurance in time.B. The woma n’s inaccurate description of the whole incident.C. The woman’s ignorance of the insurance company’s policy.D. The woman’s misreading of the insurance company’s letter.4. A. Revise the terms and conditions of the contract.B. Consult her lawyer about the insurance policy.C. Talk to the manager of Safe House Insurance.D. File a lawsuit against the insurance company.Questions 5 to 8 are based on the conversations you have just heard.5. A. They are both worried about the negative impact of technology.B. They differ greatly in their knowledge of modern technology.C. They disagree about the future of AI technology.D. They work in different fields of AI technology.6. A. Stimulating and motivating.B. Simply writing AI software.C. More demanding and requiring special training.D. Less time-consuming and focusing on creation.7. A. Old people would be taken care of solely by unfeeling robots.B. Humans would be tired of communicating with one another.C. Digital life could replace human civilization.D. There could be jobs nobody wants to do.8. A. It will be smarter than human beings.B. Chips will be inserted in human brains.C. It will take away humans’ jobs altogether.D. Life will become like a science fiction film.Section BDirections: In this section, you will hear two passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear three or four questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear aquestion, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D).Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the center. Questions 9 to 11 are based on the passage you have just heard.9. A. Try to earn as much money as possible.B. Invest shrewdly in lucrative businesses.C. Save one-fifth of their net monthly income.D. Restrain themselves from high-risk investments.10. A. Cut 20% of their daily spending. B. Ask a close friend for advice.C. Try to stick to their initial plan.D. Start by doing something small.11. A. A proper mindset. B. An ambitious plan.C. An optimistic attitude.D. A keen interest.Questions 12 to 15 are based on the passage you have just heard.12. A. She found her outfit inappropriate. B. She was uninterested in advertising.C. She often checked herself in a mirror.D. She was unhappy with fashion trends.13. A. To save the expenses on clothing.B. To keep up with the current trends.C. To meet the expectations of fashion-conscious clients.D. To save the trouble of choosing a unique outfit every day.14. A. It boosts one’s confidence when looking for employment.B. It matters a lot in jobs involving interaction with others.C. It helps people succeed in whatever they are doing.D. It enhances people’s ability to work independently.15. A. Design their own uniform to appear unique.B. Fight the ever-changing trends in fashion.C. Do whatever is possible to look smart.D. Wear classic pieces to impress their clients.Section CDirections: In this section, you will hear three recordings of lectures or talks followed by three or fourquestions. The recordings will be played only once. After you hear a question, you mustchoose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark thecorresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.Questions 16 to 18 are based on the recording you have just heard.16. A. Their failure to accumulate wealth. B. Their obsession with consumption.C. The deterioration of the environment.D. The ever-increasing costs of housing.17. A. Things that we cherish most. B. Things that boost efficiency.C. Things that cost less money.D. Things that are rare to find.18. A. They are mostly durable. B. They are easily disposable.C. They serve multiple purposes.D. They benefit the environment.Questions 19 to 21 are based on the recording you have just heard.19. A. All respondents were afraid of making a high expense claim.B. A number of respondents gave an average answer of 400 miles.C. Most of the respondents got compensated for driving 384 miles.D. Over 10% of the respondents lied about the distance they drove.20. A. They endeavored to actually be honest.B. They wanted to protect their reputation.C. They cared about othe r people’s claims.D. They responded to colleagues’ suspicion.21. A. They seem positive. B. They are illustrative.C. They seem intuitive.D. They are conclusive.Questions 22 to 25 are based on the recording you have just heard.22. A. Older people’s aversion to new music.B. Older people’s changing musical tastes.C. Insights into the features of good music.D. Deterioration in the quality of new music.23. A. They seldom listen to songs released in their teens.B. They can make subtle distinctions about music.C. They find all music sounds the same.D. They no longer listen to new music.24. A. The more you experience something, the better you’ll appreciate it.B. The more you experience something, the longer you’ll remember it.C. The more you are exposed to something, the deeper you’ll understand it.D. The more you are exposed to something, the more familiar it’ll be to you.25. A. Teenagers are much more sensitive. B. Teenagers are much more sentimental.C. Teenagers’ memories are more lasting.D. Teenagers’ emotions are more intense.Part III Reading Comprehension (40 minutes) Section ADirections:In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read thepassage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identifiedby a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with asingle line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.The idea of taxing things that are bad for society has a powerful allure. It offers the possibility of a double benefit—26 harmful activities, while also providing the government with revenue.Take sin taxes. Taxes on alcohol make it more expensive to get drunk, which reduces excessive drinking and 27 driving. At the same time, they provide state and local governments with billions of dollars of revenue. Tobacco taxes, which generate more than twice as much, have proven 28 in the decline of smoking, which has saved millions of lives.Taxes can also be an important tool for environmental protection, and many economists say taxing carbon would be the best way to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. Economic theory says that unlike income or sales taxes, carbon taxes can actually increase economic efficiency; because companies that 29 carbon dioxide into the sky don’t pay the costs of the climate change they cause, carbon taxes would restore the proper 30 to the market.In reality, carbon taxes alone won’t be enough to halt global warming, but they would be a useful part of any climate plan. What’s more, the revenue from this tax, which would31 be hundreds of billions of dollars per year, could be handed out to citizens as a 32 or used to fund green infrastructure projects.Similarly, a wealth tax has been put forward as a way to reduce inequality while raising revenue. The revenue from this tax, which some experts 33 will be over $4 trillion per decade, would be designated for housing, child care, health care and other government benefits. If you believe, as many do, that wealth inequality is 34 bad, then these taxes improve society while also 35 government coffers (金库).Section BDirections:In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it. Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs. Identify the paragraph fromwhich the information is derived. You may choose a paragraph more than once. Eachparagraph is marked with a letter. Answer the question by marking the corresponding letteron Answer Sheet 2.The Challenges for Artificial Intelligence in AgricultureA) A group of corn farmers stands huddled around an agronomist (农学家) and his computer on the sideof an irrigation machine in central South Africa. The agronomist has just flown over the field with a hybrid unmanned aerial vehicle (UA V) that takes off and lands using propellers yet maintains distance and speed for scanning vast hectares of land through the use of its fixed wings.B) The UA V is fitted with a four spectral band precision sensor that conducts onboard processingimmediately after the flight, allowing farmers and field staff to address, almost immediately, any cropabnormalities that the sensor may have recorded, making the data collection truly real-time.C) In this instance, the farmers and agronomist are looking to specialized software to give them anaccurate plant population count. It’s been 10 days since the corn emerged and the farmer wants to determine if there are any parts of the field that require replanting due to a lack of emergence or wind damage, which can be severe in the early stages of the summer rainy season.D) At this growth stage of the plant’s development, the farmer has another 10 days to conduct anyreplanting before the majority of his fertilizer and chemical applications need to occur. Once these have been applied, it becomes economically unviable to take corrective action, making any further collected data historical and useful only to inform future practices for the season to come.E) The software completes its processing in under 15 minutes producing a plant population count map.It’s difficult to grasp just how impressive this is, without understanding that just over a year ago it would have taken three to five days to process the exact same data set, illustrating the advancements that have been achieved in precision agriculture and remote sensing in recent years. With the software having been developed in the United States on the same variety of crops in seemingly similar conditions, the agronomist feels confident that the software will produce a near accurate result.F) As the map appears on the screen, the agronomist’s face begins to drop. Having walked through theplanted rows before the flight to gain a physical understanding of the situation on the ground, he knows the instant he sees the data on his screen that the plant count is not correct, and so do the farmers, even with their limited understanding of how to read remote sensing maps.G) Hypothetically, it is possible for machines to learn to solve any problem on earth relating to thephysical interaction of all things within a defined or contained environment by using artificial intelligence and machine learning.H) Remote sensors enable algorithms (算法) to interpret a field’s environment as statistical data that canbe understood and useful to farmers for decision-making. Algorithms process the data, adapting and learning based on the data received. The more inputs and statistical information collected, the better the algorithm will be at predicting a range of outcomes. And the aim is that farmers can use t his artificial intelligence to achieve their goal of a better harvest through making better decisions in the field.I) In 2011, IBM, through its R&D Headquarters in Haifa, Israel, launched an agriculturalcloud-computing project. The project, in collaboration with a number of specialized IT and agricultural partners, had one goal in mind—to take a variety of academic and physical data sources from an agricultural environment and turn these into automatic predictive solutions for farmers that would assist them in making real-time decisions in the field.J) Interviews with some of the IBM project team members at the time revealed that the team believed it was entirely possible to “algorithm” agriculture, meaning that algorithms could solve any problem in the world. Earlier that year, IBM’s cognitive learning system, Watson, competed in the game Jeopardy against former winners Brad Rutter and Ken Jennings with astonishing results. Several years later, Watson went on to produce ground-breaking achievements in the field of medicine.K) So why did the project have such success in medicine but not agriculture? Because it is one of the most difficult fields to contain for the purpose of statistical quantification. Even within a single field, conditions are always changing from one section to the next. There’s unpredictable weather, changes in soil quality, and the ever-present possibility that pests and diseases may pay a visit. Growers may feel their prospects are good for an upcoming harvest, but until that day arrives, the outcome willalways be uncertain.L) By comparison, our bodies are a contained environment. Agriculture takes place in nature, among ecosystems of interacting organisms and activity, and crop production takes place within that ecosystem environment. But these ecosystems are not contained. They are subject to climatic occurrences such as weather systems, which impact upon hemispheres as a whole, and from continent to continent. Therefore, understanding how to manage an agricultural environment means taking literally many hundreds if not thousands of factors into account.M) What may occur with the same seed and fertilizer program in the United States’ Midwest region is almost certainly unrelated to what may occur with the same seed and fertilizer program in Australia or South Africa. A few factors that could impact on variation would typically include the measurement of rain per unit of a crop planted, soil type, patterns of soil degradation，daylight hours, temperature and so forth.N) So the problem with deploying machine learning and artificial intelligence in agriculture is not that scientists lack the capacity to develop programs and protocols to begin to address the biggest of growers’ concerns; the problem is that in most cases, no two envir onments will be exactly alike, which makes the testing, validation and successful rollout of such technologies much more laborious than in most other industries.O) Practically, to say that AI and Machine Learning can be developed to solve all problems related to our physical environment is to basically say that we have a complete understanding of all aspects of the interaction of physical or material activity on the planet. After all, it is only through our understanding of ‘the nature of things’ that pro tocols and processes are designed for the rational capabilities of cognitive systems to take place. And, although AI and Machine Learning are teaching us many things about how to understand our environment, we are still far from being able to predict critical outcomes in fields like agriculture purely through the cognitive ability of machines.P) Backed by the venture capital community, which is now investing billions of dollars in the sector, most agricultural technology startups today are pushed to complete development as quickly as possible and then encouraged to flood the market as quickly as possible with their products.Q) This usually results in a failure of a product, which leads to skepticism from the market and delivers a blow to the integrity of Machine Learning technology. In most cases, the problem is not that the technology does not work, the problem is that industry has not taken the time to respect that agriculture is one of the most uncontained environments to manage. For technology to truly make an impact on agriculture, more effort, skills, and funding is needed to test these technologies in farmers’ fields.R) There is huge potential for artificial intelligence and machine learning to revolutionize agriculture by integrating these technologies into critical markets on a global scale. Only then can it make a difference to the grower, where it really counts.36. Farmers will not profit from replanting once they have applied most of the fertilizer and otherchemicals to their fields.37. Agriculture differs from the medical science of the human body in that its environment is not acontained one.38. The agronomist is sure that he will obtain a near accurate count of plant population with his software.39. The application of artificial intelligence to agriculture is much more challenging than to most otherindustries.40. Even the farmers know the data provided by the UA V is not correct.41. The pressure for quick results leads to product failure, which, in turn, arouses doubts about theapplicability of AI technology to agriculture.42. Remote sensors are aimed to help farmers improve decision-making to increase yields.43. The farmer expects the software to tell him whether he will have to replant any parts of his farmfields.44. Agriculture proves very difficult to quantify because of the constantly changing conditions involved.45. The same seed and fertilizer program may yield completely different outcomes in different places. Section CDirections:There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Youshould decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with asingle line through the centre.Passage OneQuestions 46 to 50 are based on the following passage.What is the place of art in a culture of inattention? Recent visitors to the Louvre report that tourists can now spend only a minute in front of the Mona Lisa before being asked to move on. Much of that time, for some of them, is spent taking photographs not even of the painting but of themselves with the painting in the background.One view is that we have democratised tourism and gallery-going so much that we have made it effectively impossible to appreciate what we’ve travelled to see. In this oversubscribed society, experience becomes a commodity like any other. There are queues to climb Mt. Jolmo Lungma as well as to see famous paintings. Leisure, thus conceived, is hard labour, and returning to work becomes a well-earned break from the ordeal.What gets lost in this industrialised haste is the quality of looking. Consider an extreme example, the late philosopher Richard Wollheim. When he visited the Louvre he could spend as much as four hours sitting before a painting. The first hour, he claimed, was necessary for misperceptions to be eliminated. It was only then that the picture would begin to disclose itself. This seems unthinkable today, but it is still possible to organise. Even in the busiest museums there are many rooms and many pictures worth hours of contemplation which the crowds largely ignore. Sometimes the largest crowds are partly the products of bad management; the Mona Lisa is such a hurried experience today partly because the museum is being reorganised. The Uffizi in Florence, another site of cultural pilgrimage, has cut its entry queues down to seven minutes by clever management. And there are some forms of art, those designed to be spectacles as well as objects of contemplation, which can work perfectly well in the face of huge crowds.Olafur Eliasson’s current Tate Modern show, for instance, might seem nothing more than an entertainment, overrun as it is with kids romping (喧闹地玩耍) in fog rooms and spray mist installations. But it’s more than that: where Eliasson is at his most entertaining, he is at his most serious too, and his disorienting installations bring home the reality of the destructive effects we are having on the planet—not least what we are doing to the glaciers of Eliasson’s beloved Iceland.Marcel Proust, another lover of the Louvre, wrote: “It is only through art that we can escape from ourselves and know how another person sees the universe, whose landscapes would otherwise have remained as unknown as any on the moon.”If any art remains worth seeing, it must lead us to such escapes. But a minute in front of a painting in a hurried crowd won’t do that.46. What does the scene at the Louvre demonstrate according to the author?A. The enormous appeal of a great piece of artistic work to tourists.B. The near impossibility of appreciating art in an age of mass tourism.C. The ever-growing commercial value of long-cherished artistic works.D. The real difficulty in getting a glimpse at a masterpiece amid a crowd.47. Why did the late philosopher Richard Wollheim spend four hours before a picture?A. It takes time to appreciate a piece of art fully.B. It is quite common to misinterpret artistic works.C. The longer people contemplate a picture, the more likely they will enjoy it.D. The more time one spends before a painting, the more valuable one finds it.48. What does the case of the Uffizi in Florence show?A. Art works in museums should be better taken care of.B. Sites of cultural pilgrimage are always flooded with visitors.C. Good management is key to handling large crowds of visitors.D. Large crowds of visitors cause management problems for museums.49. What do we learn from Olafur Eliasson’s current Tate Modern show?A. Children learn to appreciate art works most effectively while they are playing.B. It is possible to combine entertainment with appreciation of serious art.C. Art works about the environment appeal most to young children.D. Some forms of art can accommodate huge crowds of visitors.50. What can art do according to Marcel Proust?A. Enable us to live a much fuller life.B. Allow us to escape the harsh reality.C. Help us to see the world from a different perspective.D. Urge us to explore the unknown domain of the universe.Passage TwoQuestions 51 to 55 are based on the following passage.Every five years, the government tries to tell Americans what to put in their bellies. Eat more vegetables. Dial back the fats. It’s all based on the best available science for leading a healthy life. But the best available science also has a lot to say about what those food choices do to the environment, and some researchers are annoyed that new dietary recommendations of the USDA (United States Department of Agriculture. released yesterday seem to utterly ignore that fact.Broadly, the 2016-2020 dietary recommendations aim for balance: More vegetables, leaner meats and far less sugar.But Americans consume more calories per capita than almost any other country in the world. So the things Americans eat have a huge impact on climate change. Soil tilling releases carbon dioxide, and delivery vehicles emit exhaust. The government’s dietary guidelines could have done a lot to lower that climate cost. Not just because of their position of authority: The guidelines drive billions of dollars of food production through federal programs like school lunches and nutrition assistance for the needy.On its own, plant and animal agriculture contributes 9 percent of all the country’s greenhouse gas emissions. That’s not counting the fuel burned in transportation, processing, refrigera tion, and other waypoints between farm and belly. Red meats are among the biggest and most notorious emitters, but trucking a salad from California to Minnesota in January also carries a significant burden. And greenhouse gas emissions aren’t the whole sto ry. Food production is the largest user of fresh water, largestcontributor to the loss of biodiversity, and a major contributor to using up natural resources.All of these points and more showed up in the Dietary Guidelines Advisory Committee’s scientific report, released last February. Miriam Nelson chaired the subcommittee in charge of sustainability for the report, and is disappointed that eating less meat and buying local food aren’t in the final product. “Especially if you consider that eating less meat, especially red and processed, has health benefits,” she says.So what happened? The official response is that sustainabili ty falls too far outside the guidelines’ official scope, which is to provide “nutritional and dietary information.Possibly the agencies in charge of drafting the decisions are too close to the industries they are supposed to regulate. On one hand, the USDA is compiling dietary advice. On the other, their clients are US agriculture companies.The line about keeping the guidelines’ scope to nutrition and diet doesn’t ring quite right with researchers. David Wallinga, for example, says, “In previous guidelines, they’ve always been concerned with things like food security—which is presumably the mission of the USDA. Y ou absolutely need to be worried about climate impacts and future sustainability if you want secure food in the future.”51. Why are some researchers irritated at the USDA’s 2016-2020 Dietary Guidelines?A. It ignores the harmful effect of red meat and processed food on health.B. Too much emphasis is given to eating less meat and buying local food.C. The dietary recommendations are not based on medical science.D. It takes no notice of the potential impact on the environment.52. Why does the author say the USDA could have contributed a lot to lowering the climate cost throughits dietary guidelines?A. It has the capacity and the financial resources to do so.B. Its researchers have already submitted relevant proposals.C. Its agencies in charge of drafting the guidelines have the expertise.D. It can raise students’ environmental awareness through its programs.53. What do we learn from the Dietary Guidelines Advisory Committee’s scientific report?A. Food is easily contaminated from farm to belly.B. Greenhouse effect is an issue still under debate.C. Modern agriculture has increased food diversity.D. Farming consumes most of our natural resources.54. What may account for the neglect of sustainability in the USDA’s Dietary Guidelines according to theauthor?A. Its exclusive concern with Americans’ food safety.B. Its sole responsibility for providing dietary advice.C. Its close ties with the agriculture companies.D. Its alleged failure to regulate the industries.55. What should the USDA do to achieve food security according to David Wallinga?A. Give top priority to things like nutrition and food security.B. Endeavor to ensure the sustainable development of agriculture.C. Fulfill its mission by closely cooperating with the industries.D. Study the long-term impact of climate change on food production,Part IV Translation (30 minutes)。
2020级12月大学英语六级考试真题三
2020级12月大学英语六级考试真题三全文共3篇示例，供读者参考篇1Title: 2020 December College English Test Band 6 Exam: Listening, Reading, and Writing Sample QuestionsIntroduction:The College English Test Band 6 (CET-6) is a nationwide English proficiency test in China. The exam consists of listening, reading, and writing sections, testing students' English language skills in various areas. In this article, we will provide sample questions from the 2020 December CET-6 exam, along with explanations and tips for each section.Listening Section:1. Sample Question: Listen to the following conversation and answer the question.Question: What does the man plan to do next weekend?A) Go hikingB) Visit his parentsC) Attend a concertD) Work on a projectExplanation: The correct answer is B) Visit his parents. The man says he hasn't seen his parents in a while and plans to visit them next weekend.Reading Section:2. Sample Question: Read the following passage and answer the question.Passage: According to a recent study, people who exercise regularly are less likely to develop heart disease.Question: What is one benefit of regular exercise mentioned in the passage?A) Weight lossB) Improved heart healthC) Lower stress levelsD) Better sleep qualityExplanation: The correct answer is B) Improved heart health. The passage states that regular exercise can reduce the risk of heart disease.Writing Section:3. Sample Question: Write an essay of 200-300 words on the following topic.Topic: The benefits of studying abroadExplanation: When writing your essay, you can discuss the advantages of studying abroad, such as gaining international experience, improving language skills, and broadening cultural awareness.Tips for Success:- Practice listening to English conversations and lectures to improve your listening skills.- Read a variety of English texts, such as articles, essays, and novels, to enhance your reading comprehension.- Practice writing essays on different topics to improve your writing skills and organization of ideas.Conclusion:The CET-6 exam is a challenging but rewarding test of English proficiency for college students in China. By preparing well and practicing the listening, reading, and writing sections, students can improve their English language skills and achievesuccess on the exam. Good luck to all the test-takers in the 2020 December CET-6 exam!篇22020年12月大学英语六级考试真题三Part I Writing (30 minutes)Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay on the importance of setting goals. You should write at least 150 words but no more than 200 words.Importance of Setting GoalsSetting goals is an essential part of personal and professional development. Goals give us direction and motivation, help us to focus our efforts, and provide a sense of accomplishment when they are achieved. Whether they are short-term or long-term, setting specific, achievable goals can help us to be more organized and efficient in our daily lives.One of the key benefits of setting goals is that they give us a clear vision of what we want to achieve. By defining our goals, we can create a roadmap for success and stay on track towards reaching our desired outcomes. For example, if our goal is to improve our English language skills, we can set specific targetssuch as studying for a certain number of hours each day, practicing writing essays, or taking an English language course.Moreover, setting goals helps to increase our motivation and drive. When we have a clear goal in mind, we are more likely to stay focused and dedicated to achieving it. This sense of purpose can be incredibly empowering and energizing, and can help us to overcome challenges and obstacles that may arise along the way.In conclusion, setting goals is an important aspect of personal and professional growth. By establishing clear objectives and creating a plan to achieve them, we can enhance our productivity, motivation, and overall well-being. Therefore, it is crucial to take the time to set meaningful goals that align with our aspirations and work towards turning them into reality.Part II Reading Comprehension (40 minutes)Directions: There are three passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.Passage OneQuestions 1 to 5 are based on Passage One.Passage TwoQuestions 6 to 10 are based on Passage Two.Passage ThreeQuestions 11 to 15 are based on Passage Three.Part III Listening Comprehension (30 minutes)Section ASection BSection CPart IV Reading Comprehension (Reading in Depth) (15 minutes)Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passages quickly and answer the questions on Answer Sheet 2.Passage OneQuestions 16 to 20 are based on Passage One.Passage TwoQuestions 21 to 25 are based on Passage Two.Passage ThreeQuestions 26 to 30 are based on Passage Three.Part V Translation (15 minutes)Directions: In this part, there is an English passage that you should translate into Chinese on Answer Sheet 2.Part VI Writing (30 minutes)Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay on the importance of setting goals. You should write at least 150 words but no more than 200 words.Overall, the 2020 December English Proficiency Test for College Students, Level Six, includes a diverse range of activities that test various language skills, such as writing, reading, listening, and translation. It provides students with an opportunity to showcase their English proficiency and demonstrate their ability to comprehend and communicate effectively in English. It is important for students to prepare thoroughly for this exam in order to achieve their desired scores and improve their overall language skills.篇32020年12月大学英语六级考试真题三Part I Writing (30 minutes)Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay entitled Should College Students be Allowed to Start Their Own Businesses? You should write at least 150 words but no more than 200 words.Should College Students be Allowed to Start Their Own Businesses?Nowadays, many college students have a strong desire to start their own businesses while still studying at university. This phenomenon has sparked a heated debate among the public. Some people argue that college students should focus on their studies and not be distracted by starting a business, while others believe that starting a business can provide valuable practical experience and help students learn important skills that are not taught in the classroom.Those who support the idea of college students starting their own businesses argue that entrepreneurship can instill valuable qualities in students, such as creativity, innovation, and perseverance. By starting their own businesses, students can gain hands-on experience in areas such as marketing, finance, andmanagement, which can complement their academic studies and better prepare them for future careers.On the other hand, critics argue that starting a business can be a risky and time-consuming endeavor that may distract students from their studies. They believe that college students should focus on their education and developing their academic skills, rather than diverting their attention to running a business.In conclusion, whether college students should be allowed to start their own businesses is a complex issue with arguments on both sides. It is important for students to carefully consider the pros and cons before deciding to embark on an entrepreneurial venture.Part II Reading Comprehension (40 minutes)Section ADirections: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with asingle line through the center. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.Over the past several decades, cognitive psychologists have found ______26______ that the human brain works as a remarkably powerful parallel processor. For example, text comprehension, selection of _____27_____ information from a crowded field of information, and thinking in ______28______ are only some of the parallel tasks that the brain does ______29______ a hitch. These findings stand in sharp contrast to the older, ______30______ views of the brain as a single processor that can perform only a limited number of mental operations at once. The findings ______31______ that the way we deal with information is much more______32______ than psychologists ever dared hope.A. Symbolic C. apparent E. simultaneouslyB. Symbolizes D. originally F. slower26. 【答案】C. apparent27. 【答案】28. 【答案】29. 【答案】30. 【答案】31. 【答案】32. 【答案】Section BDirections: In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it. Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs. Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived. You may choose a paragraph more than once. Each paragraph is marked with a letter. Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2.The physical environment has a significant impact on people's behavior. In particular, research has shown that certain environmental factors can affect our mood, energy levels, creativity, and overall well-being.Our surroundings can influence our emotions. For example, colorful environments can promote positive emotions and enhance creativity, while dull and monotonous environments can have a negative impact on our mood and creativity. Similarly, natural environments, such as parks or gardens, are known to have a calming effect and can reduce stress levels. In contrast,crowded and noisy environments can be overwhelming and increase feelings of anxiety and stress.The layout and design of a space can also affect our behavior. Open and spacious environments encourage social interaction and collaboration, while cramped and cluttered spaces can hinder communication and productivity. In workspaces, factors such as lighting, temperature, and furniture arrangement can all impact employee performance and job satisfaction.In addition to affecting our emotions and behavior, the physical environment can also influence our energy levels. Natural light, ventilation, and access to green spaces have been shown to increase energy and alertness, while poor lighting and air quality can lead to fatigue and decreased motivation.Overall, the physical environment plays a crucial role in shaping our experiences and behaviors. By designing spaces that promote positive emotions, collaboration, and energy, we can create environments that support well-being and productivity.33. The impact of environments on emotions and behavior is discussed.34. The role of the physical environment in shaping our experiences and behaviors is emphasized.35. Physical environments can influence our energy levels.36. Factors that can affect employee performance and job satisfaction are mentioned.37. The influence of colorful and natural environments on mood and creativity is highlighted.。
2023年12月英语六级真题及范文
2023年12月英语六级真题及范文全文共6篇示例，供读者参考篇12023年12月英语六级真题及范文真题Part I Writing (30 minutes)Directions:For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay on the topic "The Importance of Reading". You should write at least 150 words but no more than 200 words.范文The Importance of ReadingHello everyone! Today, I want to talk about something very important – reading! Reading is like a superpower that helps us learn so many things. It is not only fun but also very useful.First of all, reading helps us improve our language skills. When we read books, magazines, or even comics, we come across new words and phrases. We learn how to use them insentences and expand our vocabulary. Reading also helps us become better at spelling and grammar.Secondly, reading takes us to different places without leaving our chairs. We can travel to magical lands, explore the deep sea, or visit faraway countries, all through the pages of a book. It stimulates our imagination and makes us more creative.Moreover, reading makes us smarter. We gain knowledge about a wide range of subjects, such as science, history, and nature. We learn about interesting facts and different cultures. Reading helps us become curious and think critically.Last but not least, reading helps us relax. When we read a good story, it takes our mind off worries and stresses. It is like a wonderful adventure that allows us to escape into a different world, even if it's just for a little while.In conclusion, reading is an amazing activity that brings so many benefits. It improves our language skills, takes us on exciting journeys, makes us smarter, and helps us relax. So, let's pick up a book and start reading today. Remember, the more you read, the more you will know!希望这篇范文能够帮助你理解2023年12月英语六级写作的要求和范文风格。
2020大学英语六级考试12月真题-写作部分3套及范文
2020大学英语六级考试真题写作部分3套及范文第一套WritingDirections: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay on why students should be encouraged to develop effective communication skills. You should write at least 150 words but no more than 200 words.范文:Living in an age when competition is becoming increasingly severe, students are generally encouraged to develop effec-tive communication skills. These skills include both the management of body language and facial expressions while stu-dents are talking and the pace and emphasis of the speech flow.The reasons why students should be encouraged to develop effective communication skills mainly lie in the following three respects. First of all, as a student, effective communication skills make our thoughts and ideas more easily understood by those around us and our talent would be morelikely to been seen by others. Moreover, effective communication skills give us the ability to fulfill tasks more efficiently and solve problems more effectively. Last but not least,knowing the secrets of effectively delivering what we would like to express helps us make more friends.To conclude, developing effective communication skills can not only render us outstanding easily but also lead us to success undoubtedly. With these skills, we will definitely become the one we have been dreaming to be.第二套WritingDirections: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay on why students should be encouraged to develop the ability to meet challenges. You should write at least 150 words but no more than 200 words.范文:Living in a world where challenges exist everywhere, stu-dents are generally encouraged to develop the ability to meet diverse challenges. Cultivating this ability is no easy task, but once you own it, you will be more likely to achieve success.The reasons why students should be encouraged to develop the ability to meet challenges mainly lie in the following three respects. First of all, as a student, the ability to meet challenges can give them a stronger inner mind, which is very indispensable for the growth of contemporary young-sters. Moreover, the ability, to meet challenges can make students better prepared for their future career. Last but not least, this ability can undoubtedly enhancestudents'efficiency to solve problems in their real lives.To conclude, developing the ability to meet challenges can not only render us outstanding easily but also lead us to success eventually. With this ability, we will definitely become the one we have been dreaming to be.第三套WritingDirections: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay on why students should be encouraged to develop creativity. You should write at least 150 words but no more than 200 words.范文:Living in a time when science and technology has already been highly developed, students are gradually used to ac-cepting largenumbers of structured and experience-based knowledge. By contrast, creativity seems relatively more precious because it is a quality so rare that most people would ignore its existence.The reasons why students should be encouraged to develop creativity mainly lie in the following three respects. First of all, the ability to be creative can give them a more splendid inner. mind, which is very indispensable for the growth of contemporary youngsters. Moreover, creativity can stimu-late students' ”imagination, which people attach great im-portance to in the process of invention. Last but not least,this ability can undoubtedly enhance students ”efficiency to solve problems in their real lives.In my point of view, developing creativity can not only render us outstanding easily but also lead us to success eventually. With this ability, we will definitely become the one we have been dreaming to be.。
12月英语六级真题及答案(3)[精选]doc
2020年12月大学英语六级(CET-6)真题试卷Part I Writing (30 minutes) Direction: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay entitled My Views on University Ranking. You should write at least 150 words following the outline givenbelow.1. 目前高校排名相当盛行;2. 对于这种做法人们看法不一;3. 在我看来……My Views on University RankingPart II Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning) (15 minutes) Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions on Answer Sheet 1. For questions 1-7, choose the best answer from the fourchoices marked [A], [B], [C] and [D]. For questions 8-10, complete the sentenceswith the information given in the passage.Into the UnknownThe world has never seen population ageing before. Can it cope?Until the early 1990s nobody much thought about whole populations getting older. The UN had the foresight to convene a “world assembly on ageing〞back in 1982, but that came and went. By 1994 the World Bank had noticed that something big was happening. In a report entitled “Averting the Old Age Crisis〞, it argued that pension arrangements in most countries were unsustainable.For the next ten years a succession of books, mainly by Americans, sounded the alarm. They had titles like Young vs Old, Gray Dawn and The Coming Generational Storm, and their message was blunt: health-care systems were heading for the rocks, pensioners were taking young people to the cleaners, and soon there would be intergenerational warfare.Since then the debate has become less emotional, not least because a lot more is known about the subject. Books, conferences and research papers have multiplied. International organisations such as the OECD and the EU issue regular reports. Population ageing is on every agenda, from G8 economic conferences to NATO summits. The World Economic Forum plans to consider the future of pensions and health care at its prestigious Davos conference early next year. The media, including this newspaper, are giving the subject extensive coverage.Whether all that attention has translated into sufficient action is another question. Governments in rich countries now accept that their pension and health-care promises will soon become unaffordable, and many of them have embarked on reforms, but so far only timidly. That is not surprising: politicians with an eye on the next election will hardly rush to introduce unpopular measures that may not bear fruit for years, perhaps decades.The outline of the changes needed is clear. To avoid fiscal (财政) meltdown, public pensions and health-care provision will have to be reined back severely and taxes may have to go up. By far the most effective method to restrain pension spending is to give people the opportunity to work longer, because it increases tax revenues and reduces spending on pensions at the same time. It may even keep them alive longer. John Rother, the AARP’s head of policy and strategy, points to studies showing that other things being equal, people who remain at work have lower death rates than their retired peers.Younger people today mostly accept that they will have to work for longer and that their pensions will be less generous. Employers still need to be persuaded that older workers are worth holding on to. That may be because they have had plenty of younger ones to choose from, partly thanks to the post-war baby-boom and partly because over the past few decades many more women have entered the labour for ce, increasing employers’ choice. But the reservoir of women able and willing to take up paid work is running low, and the baby-boomers are going grey.In many countries immigrants have been filling such gaps in the labour force as have already emerged (and remember that the real shortage is still around ten years off). Immigration in the developed world is the highest it has ever been, and it is making a useful difference. In still-fertile America it currently accounts for about 40% of total population growth, and in fast-ageing western Europe for about 90%.On the face of it, it seems the perfect solution. Many developing countries have lots of young people in need of jobs; many rich countries need helping hands that will boost tax revenues and keep up economic growth. But over the next few decades labour forces in rich countries are set to shrink so much that inflows of immigrants would have to increase enormously to compensate: to at least twice their current size in western Europe’s most youthful cou ntries, and three times in the older ones. Japan would need a large multiple of the few immigrants it has at present. Public opinion polls show that people in most rich countries already think that immigration is too high. Further big increases would be politically unfeasible.To tackle the problem of ageing populations at its root, “old〞countries would have to rejuvenate (使年轻) themselves by having more of their own children. A number of them have tried, some more successfully than others. But it is not a simple matter of offering financial incentives or providing more child care. Modern urban life in rich countries is not well adapted to large families. Women find it hard to combine family and career. They often compromise by having just one child.And if fertility in ageing countries does not pick up? It will not be the end of the world, at least not for quite a while yet, but the world will slowly become a different place. Older societies may be less innovative and more strongly disinclined to take risks than younger ones. By 2025 at the latest, about half the voters in America and most of those in western European countries will be over 50—and older people turn out to vote in much greater number than younger ones. Academic studies have found no evidence so far that older voters have used their power at the ballot box to push for policies that specifically benefit them, though if in future there are many more of them they might start doing so.Nor is there any sign of the intergenerational warfare predicted in the 1990s. After all, older people themselves mostly have families. In a recent study of parents and grown-up children in 11 European countries, Karsten Hank of Mannheim University found that 85% of them lived within 25km of each other and the majority of them were in touch at least once a week.Even so, the shift in the centre of gravity to older age groups is bound to have a profound effect on societies, not just economically and politically but in all sorts of other ways too. Richard Jackson and Neil Howe of America’s CSIS, in a thoughtful book called The Graying of the Great Powers, argue that, among other things, the ageing of the developed countries will have a number of serious security implications.For example, the shortage of young adults is likely to make countries more reluctant to commit the few they have to military service. In the decades to 2050, America will find itself playing an ever-increasing role in the developed world’s defence effort. Because America’s population will still be growing when that of most other developed countries is shrinking, America will be the only developed country that still matters geopolitically (地缘政治上).Ask me in 2020There is little that can be done to stop population ageing, so the world will have to live with it. But some of the consequences can be alleviated. Many experts now believe that given the right policies, the effects, though grave, need not be catastrophic. Most countries have recognised the need to do something and are beginning to act.But even then there is no guarantee that their efforts will work. What is happening now is historically unprecedented. Ronald Lee, director of the Centre on the Economics and Demography of Ageing at the University of California, Berkeley, puts it bri efly and clearly: “We don’t really know what population ageing will be like, because nobody has done it yet. “注意：此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答。
2020年12月英语六级作文真题三套完整版(网友版)
2020年12月英语六级作文真题三套完整版（网友版）第一套：Direction： For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short eaasy based on the picture below. You should focus on the difficulty in acquiring useful information inspite of advanced information technology. You are required to write at least 150 words but no more than 200 words.第二套：Direction：For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay based on the picture below. You should focus on the harm caused by misleading information online.You are required to write at least 150 words but no more than 200 words.第三套：Directions：For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay based on thepicture below. You shouldfocus on the impact of social networking websites on reading.相关推荐：2020年12月英语六级真题及答案专题2020年12月英语四级真题及答案专题2020年12月英语六级成绩查询专题2020年12月英语四级成绩查询专题。
英语六级真题卷第三套含答案
Part I WritingDirection：For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay based on the picture below. You should focus on the harm caused by misleading information online. You are required to write at least 150 words but no more than 200 words.It seems to be a law in the technology industry that leading companies eventually lose their position, often quickly and brutally. Mobile phone champion Nokia, one of Europe's biggest technology success stories, was no _____(37), losing its market share in just a few years.PartⅢ Reading ComprehensionIn 2007, Nokia accounted for more than 40% of mobile phone sales _____(38). But consumers' preferences were already _____(39)towardtouch-screen smartphone. With the introduction of Apple's iPhone in the middle of that year, Nokia's market share _____(40)rapidly and revenue plunged. By the end of 2013, Nokia had sold its phone business to Microsoft.What sealed Nokia's fate was a series of decisions made by Stephen Elop in his position as CEO, which he _____(41)in October 2010. Each day that Elop spent in charge of Nokia, the company's market value declined by $23 million, making him, by the numbers, one of the worst CEOs in history.But Elop was not the only person at _____(42). Nokia's board resisted change, making it impossible for the company to adapt to rapid shifts in the industry. Most _____(43), Jorma Ollila, who had led Nokia's transition from an industrial company to a technology giant, was too fascinated by the company's _____(44)success to recognize the change that was needed to sustain its competitiveness.The company also embarked on a _____(45)cost-cutting program, which included the elimination of thousands of jobs. This contributed to the _____(46)of the company's once-spirited culture, which had motivated employees to take risks and make miracles. Good leaders left the company, taking Nokia's sense of vision anddirection with them. Not surprisingly, much of Nokia's most valuable design and programming talent left as well.Section BFirst-Generation College-Goers: Unprepared and BehindKids who are the first in their families to brave the world of higher education come on campus with little academic know-how and are much more likely than their peers to drop out before graduation.A) When Nijay Williams entered college last fall as afires-generation student and Jamaican immigrant, he was academically unprepared for the rigors of higher education. Like many first-generation student, he enrolled in a medium-sized state university many of his high school peers were also attending, received a Pell Grant, and board and the closeness of the school to his family, he chose to live at home and worded between 30 and 40 hours a week while taking a full class schedule.B) What Nijay didn't realize about his school—Tennessee State University—was its frighteningly low graduation rate: a mere 29 percent for its first-generation students. At the end of his first year, Nijay lost his Pell Grant of over $5,000 after narrowly missing the GPA cut-off, making it impossible for him to continue paying for school.C) Nijay represents a large and growing group of Americans: first-generation college students who enter school unprepared or behind. To make matters worse, these schools are ill-equipped to graduate these students—young adults who face specific challenges and obstacles. They typically carry financial burdens that outweigh those of their peers, are more likely to work while attending school, and often require significant academic remediation(补习).D) Matt Rubinoff directs I'm First, a nonprofit organization launched last October to reach out to this specific population of students. He hopes to distribute this information and help prospective college-goers find the best post-secondary fit. And while Rubinoff believes there are a good number of four-year schools that truly care about these students and set aside significant resources and programs for them, he says that number isn't high enough.E) "It's not only the selective and elite institutions that provide those opportunities for a small subset of this population," Rubinoff said, adding that a majority of first-generation under graduates tend toward options such as online programs, two-year colleges, and commuter stand schools. "Unfortunately, there tends to be a lack of information and support to help students think bigger and broader."F) Despite this problem, many students are still drawn to these institutions—and two-year schools in particular. As a former high school teacher, I saw students choose familiar, cheaper options year after year. Instead of skipping out on higher education altogether, they chose community colleges or state schools with low bars for admittance.G) "They underestimate themselves when selecting a university," said Dave Jarrat, a marketing executive for Inside Track, afor-profit organization that specializes in coaching low-income students and supporting colleges in order to help students thrive. "The reality of it is that a lot of low-income kids could be going to elite universities on a full ride scholarship and don't even realize it."H) "Many students are coming from a situation where no one around them has the experience of successfully completing higher education, so they are coming in questioning themselves and their college worthiness," Jarrat continued. That helps explain why, as I'm First's Rubinoff indicated, the schools to which these students end up resorting can end up being some of the poorest matches for them. The University of Tennessee and Tennessee State are worth comparing. Tennessee State's overall graduation rate is a tiny 39 percent, but at least it has a smaller gap between the outcomes forfirst-generation students and those of their peers.I) Still, the University of Tennessee deserves credit for being transparent. Many large institutions keep this kind of data secret —or at least make it incredibly difficult to find. The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, for instance, admits only that the graduation rate for its first-generation pupils is "much lower" than the percentage of all students who graduate within four years (81 percent).J) It is actually quite difficult to find reliable statisties on the issue for many schools. Higher education institutions are, under federal law, required to report graduation rates, but these reports typically only include Pell recipient numbers—notnecessarily rates specific to first-generation students. Other initiatives fail to break down the data, too. Imagine how intimidating it can be for prospective students unfamiliar with the complexities of higher education to navigate this kind of information and then identify which schools are the best fit.K) It was this lack of information that prompted the launch of I'm First in 2013, originally as an arm of its umbrella organization, the Center For Student Opportunity. "If we can help to direct students to more of these types of campuses and help students to understand them to be realistic and accessible places, have them apply to these schools at greater frequency and ultimately get in and enroll, we are going to raise the success rate,"Rubinoff said, citing a variety of colleges ranging from large state institutions to smaller private schools.L) Chelsea Jones, who now directs student programming at I'm First, was a first-generation college student at Howard. Like other student new to the intimidating higher-education world, she often struggled on her path to college. "There wasn't really acollege-bound culture at my high school," she said. "I want to go to college but I didn't really know the process." Jones became involved with a college-access program through Princeton Universityin high school. Now she attributes much of her understanding of college to that:" But once I got to campus, it was a completely different ball game that no one really prepared me for."M) She was fortunate, though. Howard, a well-regarded historically black college, had an array of resources for itsfirst-generation students, including matching kids with counselors, connecting first-generation students to one another, and TRIO, a national program that supported 200 students on Howard's campus. Still, Jones represents a small percentage of first-generation students who are able to gain entry into more elite universities, which are often known for robust financial aid packages and remarkably high graduation rates for first-generation students. (Harvard, for example, boasts a six-year graduation rate for underrepresented minority groups of 98 percent.)N) Christian Vazquez, a first-generation Tale graduate, is another exception, his success story setting him far apart from students such as Nijay. "There is a lot of support at Yale, to an extent, after a while, there is too much support." he said,half-joking about the countless resources available at the school. Students are placed in small groups with counselors (trained seniors on campus); they have access to cultural and ethnic affinity(联系)groups, tutoring centers and also have a summer orientation specifically for first-generation students (the latter being one of the most common programs for students).O) "Our support structure was more like:' You are going to get through Yale; you are going to do well.'" he said, hinting at mentors(导师),staff, and professors who all provided significant support for students who lacked confidence about "belonging" at sucha top institution.46. Many first-generation college-goers have doubts about their abilities to get a college degree.47. First-generation college students tend to have much heavier financial burdens than their peers.48. The graduation rate of first-generation students at Nijay's university was incredibly low.49. Some top institutions like Yale seem to providefirst-generation students with more support than they actually need.50. On entering college, Nijay Williams had no idea how challenging college education was.51. Many universities simply refuse to release their exact graduation rates for first-generation students.52. According to a marketing executive, many students fromlow-income families dot's know they could have a chance of going to an elite university.53. Some elite university attach great importance to building up the first-generation students' self-confidence.54. I'm First distributes information to help first-generation college-goers find schools that are most suitable for them.55. Elite universities tend to graduate first-generation students at a higher rate.Section CSaying they can no longer ignore the rising prices of health care, some of the most influential medical groups in the nation are recommending that doctors weigh the costs, not just the effectiveness of treatment, as they make decisions about patient care.The shift, little noticed outside the medical establishment but already controversial inside it, suggests that doctors are starting to redefine their roles, from being concerned exclusively about individual patients to exerting influence on how healthcare dollars are spent.In practical terms, the new guidelines being developed could result in doctors choosing one drug over another for cost reasons or even deciding that a particular treatment-at the end of life, for example-is too expensive. In the extreme, some critics have said that making treatment decisions based on cost is a form of rationing.Traditionally, guidelines have heavily influenced the practice of medicine, and the latest ones are expected to make doctors more conscious of the economic consequences of their decisions, even though there's no obligation to follow them. Medical society guidelines are also used by insurance companies to help determine reimbursement(报销)policies.Some doctors see a potential conflict in trying to be both providers of patient care and financial overseers."There should be forces in society who should be concerned about the budget, but they shouldn't be functioning simultaneously asdoctors," said Dr. Martin Samuels at a Boston hospital. He said doctors risked losing the trust of patients if they told patients, "I'm not going to do what I think is best for you because I think it's bad for the healthcare budget in Massachusetts."Doctors can face some grim trade-offs. Studies have shown, for example, that two drugs are about equally effective in treating macular degeneration, an eye disease. But one costs $50 a dose and the other close to $2,000. Medicare could save hundreds of millions of dollars a year if everyone used the cheaper drug. Avastin, instead of the costlier one, Lucentis.But the Food and Drug Administration has not approved Avastin for use in the eye, and using it rather than the alternative, Lucentis, might carry an additional, although slight, safety risk. Should doctors consider Medicare's budget in deciding what to use?"I think ethically(在道德层面上)we are just worried about the patient in front of us and not trying to save money for the insurance industry or society as a whole," said Dr. Donald Jensen.Still, some analysts say that there's a role for doctors to play in cost analysis because not many others are doing so. "In someways," said Dr. Daniel Sulmasy, "it represents a failure of wider society to take up the issue."57. What do some most influential medical groups recommend doctors do?on the responsibilities they are supposed to take.more attention to the effectiveness of their treatments.costs into account when making treatment decisions.their practice in view of the cuts in health care.58. What were doctors mainly concerned about in the past?medicines to be used.advancement.of medical treatment.' trust.59. What may the new guidelines being developed lead to?redefining of doctors' roles.between doctors and patients.of less effective medicines.prolonging of patients' suffering.60. What risk do doctors see in their dual role as patient care providers and financial overseers?may be involved in a conflict of interest.may be forced to divide their attention.may have to use less effective drugs.may lose the respect of patients.61. What do some experts say about doctors' involvement in medical cost analysis?may add to doctors' already heavy workloads.will help to save money for society as a whole.results from society's failure to tackle the problem.raises doctors' awareness of their social responsibilities.Passage TwoQuestions 61 to 65 are based on the following passage.Economic inequality is the "defining challenge of our time," President Barack Obama declared in a speech last month to the Center for American Progress. Inequality is dangerous, he argued, not merely because it doesn't look good to have a large gap between the rich and the poor, but because inequality itself destroy upward mobility, making it harder for the poor to escape from poverty. "Increased inequality and decreasing mobility pose a fundamental threat to the American Dream," he said.Obama is only the most prominent public figure to declare inequality Public Enemy and the greatest threat to reducing poverty in American. A number of prominent economists have also argued that it's harder for the poor to climb the economic ladder today because the rungs(横档)in that ladder have grown father apart.For all the new attention devoted to the I percent, a new datast from the Equality of Opportunity Projector at Harvard and Berkeley suggests that, if we care about upward mobility overall, we're vastly exaggerating the dangers of the rich-poor gap. Inequality itself is not a particularly strong predictor of economic mobility, as sociologist Scott Winship noted in a recent article based on his analysis of this data.So what factors, at the community level, do predict if poor children will move up the economic ladder as adults? What explains, for instance, why the Salt Lake City metro area is one of the least likely?Harvard economist Raj Chetty has pointed to economic and racial segregation, community density, the size of a community's middle class, the quality of schools, community religiosity, and family structure, which he calls the "single strongest correlate of upward mobility." Chetty finds that communities like Salt Lake City, with high levels of two-parent families and religiosity, are much more likely to see poor children get ahead than communities like Atlanta, with high levels of racial and economic segregation.Chetty has not yet issued a comprehensive analysis of the relative predictive power of each of these factors. Based on my analyses of the data, of the factors that Chetty has highlighted, the following three seem to be most predictive of upward mobility in a given community:(年均)income growthof single mothers (where correlation is strong, but negative) local government spendingIn other words, communities with high levels of per-capita income growth, high percentages of two-parent families, and high local government spending——which may stand for good schools——are the most likely to help poor children relive Horatio Alger's rags-to-riches story.62. How does Obama view economic inequality?is the biggest obstacle to social mobility.is the greatest threat to social stability.is the enemy of income growth.is the most malicious social evil of our time.63. What do we learn about the inequality gap from Scott Winship's data analysis?is fast widening across most parts of America.is not a reliable indicator of economic mobility.is not correctly interpreted.is overwhelmingly ignored.64. Compared with Atlanta, metropolitan Salt Lake City is said to_____.placed religious beliefs above party politicsbridged the gap between the rich and the poorpoor children more chances to climb the social ladderfrom higher levels of racial and economic segregation65. What is strongly correlated with social mobility according to economist Raj Chetty?structure.equalityeducation.density.66. What does the author seem to suggest?is important to increase the size of the middle class.is highly important to expand the metropolitan areas.is most imperative to focus our efforts on the elimination of income inequality.is better to start from the community to help poor children move up the social ladder.翻译部分在帮助国际社会于2030年前消除极端贫困过程中，中国正扮演着越来越重要的角色。
2020年12月英语六级答案(完整版部分听力没有)
2020年12月英语六级答案（完整版部分听力没有）英语六级考试多题多卷，听力2套，作文翻译阅读各3套01六级作文这次六级作文考了3套题：第1套：Why students should be encouraged to take challenges 面对挑战·参考范文：Over the last few decades, it has become a manifest must that students have to step out of their comfort zones and take challenges, which is undoubtedly the core of personal growth.To start with, confronting challenges is the key to the growth of one’s mindset. By addressing problems and crisis, students are engaged in introspective thinking. They would know about their limits and, to overcome challenges, they would have to push their boundaries so that the difficulties could be handled. During this very process, the students experience deep learning and rapid growth.Moreover, in this ever-changing world of ours, embracing challenges can mean inspirations and creativity. The golden rule of inspiration is that it must be sought. When students are under the stress caused by imminent challenges and are eagerly seeking their ways out, innovations might just knock on the door. This is how cognitive and analytical ability develops during the process of problem tackling.Last but not least, constantly dealing with challenges normalizes the struggle, which contributes greatly to mental and physical perseverance. If coupled with in-time positive feedback, students would be even more motivated to push further.To sum up, it is vital for students to actively expose themselves to more challenges, which shall incredibly accelerate their personal growth.第2套：Why student should be encouraged to develop creativity 培养创造力·参考范文：The pace of change in the world is accelerating rapidly and it will continue to change with the development of new technologies. This means that the way we live and work in the past might no longer beappropriate in the coming future. In order to succeed, a powerful way to empower ourselves is to develop creativity.First, being creative helps us become a better problem solver in all areas of our life and work. When trying to find the solution to a problem, thinking creatively allows us to look at the situation from different angles, which opens up the possibilities. Second, being creative helps us better deal with uncertainty. In a constantly changing world, nobody can fully predict what the future holds. New challenges pop up every day, and the old ways of doing things are probably useless. Being creative is how we get unique ideas and how innovators set themselves apart. Thirdly, being creative helps us develop confidence. Being creative comes with many ups and downs and a high risk of failure. Engaging in the creative process is a great confidence builder, because you discover that failure is part of the process.第3套：Why students should be encouraged to develop effective communication skills 培养高效沟通技巧Being essential to many aspects of life, effective communication skills are one of the most sought-after qualities of students today. Strongcommunication skills would bring about more than one benefit in both the short and long run.Good communication techniques bring about a variety of benefits to students. To start with, they enhance one’s ability to share and to understand, which can help to establish firmer bonds among familiars. And they sure serve as a respectable chill pill in an environment full of competition. What’s more, communication skills are crucial to learning and studying. For one thing, people who know how to deliver messages tend to process information more effectively. For another, the ability to communicate allows students to crack confusions in class. Students who are better at talking are generally more confident, so they dare speak up about the problems they have without having much difficulty plucking up their courage. Last but not least, students have to prepare themselves for future working where all must cooperate with others. It is effective communication, more than any professional skills, that makes teamwork and collaborative efforts possible. Having achieved these, the workers-to-be would stand a greater chance of a promotion.In conclusion, for today’s students, it is paramount to develop skills of effective communication, which is incredibly advantageous in both study and work.02六级听力答案六级听力答案第一套：长对话Conversation 1Q1: C) Her claim has been completely disregarded.Q2: A) The ground floor of their cottage was flooded.Q3: D) The woman’s failure to pay her house insurance in time. Q4: A) File a lawsuit against the insurance company.Conversation 2Q5: B) They disagree about the future of AI technology.Q6: C) Less time-consuming and focusing on creation.Q7: B) Digital life could replace human civilization.Q8: D) It will be smarter than human beings.短文Passage 1Q9: B) Save one-fifth of their net monthly income.Q10: A) Start by doing something small.Q11: B) An ambitious plan.Passage 2Q12: B) She found her outfit inappropriate.Q13: A) To save the trouble of choosing a unique outfit every day. Q14: C) It matters a lot in jobs involving interaction with others.Q15: D) Do whatever is possible to look smart.演讲Recording 1Q16: A Their obsession with consumption.Q17: D Things that we cherish most.Q18: A They serve multiple purposes.Recording 2Q19: C Over 10% of the respondents lied about the distance they drove.Q20: C They wanted to protect their reputation.Q21: B They seem intuitive.Recording 3Q22: D Older people's aversion to new music.Q23: A They no longer listen to new music.Q24: D The more you experience something, the better you'll appreciate it.Q25: B Teenagers' emotions are more intense.听力第二套，暂缺03六级阅读选词填空：第一套：social distancing is putting people out of work……26. [C] driven27. [O] vulnerable28. [E] malignant29. [G] premises30. [H] random31. [K] temptation32. [N] unique33. [D] engaged34. [J] spiritually35. [B] closer第二套：This idea of taxing things that are …26.A.discouraging27.E. impaired28.J. instrumental29.N. pump30.G.incentives31.M. probably32.B. dividend33.L. predict34.H. inherentl35.O.swelling第三套：Virtually every activity that entails or facilitates.....26.C. cumulative27.I. scale28. F. foreseeable29.J.strangle30.G.predictions31.D.disruptions32.B.credited33.A.credential34.M.survive35.E.Federal信息匹配：第一套：36. [E] It seems some people today dream that..37. [I] According to one great thinker, It is most unfortunate if we lose the ability to think differently.38. [C] urgent attention should be paid to…39. [K] Even in the fast-food nation America, the number of vegetarians is on the rise.40. [D] The deterioration of ecologi cal system is accelerating…41. [H] It is obvious that solutions must be….42. [A] Many people believe changing in the world is possible…43. [F] It might be wrong to expect that our world would be saved at one stroke…44. [G] It is human nature to cheris hopes for a better world.45. [B] Technology has given us humans the power to change the natural world第二套：Why lifelong learning is the Intemational passport to success36. [H] Those projects are then interwoven with fast-paced technical modules(模块) …37. [E] The Bachelor's degree could be your passport to life- long learning.38. [B] Why?Because universities and curricula are designed along the three unities of French classical tragedy: time, action, and place.39.[K] Sound like science fiction?40.[I] In addition to technical capabilities, the very nature of projects develops social and entrepreneur skills,such as …41.[C] The university model needs to evolve.42.[J] After the MSc diploma is earned, there would be many more stamps of lifelong learning over the years.43.[N] Even if time were not an issue, who will pay for life- long learning?44.[F] Recent advances in computational methods and data science push us into rethinking science and engineering.45.[M] This could fix the main organisational challenges for the university, but not for the learners…第三套：Slow Hope36. [E] Some of today's narratives about the future seem to suggest that we too, like Prometheus, will be saved by new Hercules…37. [I] We need an acknowledgment of our present ecological plight but also a language of positive changes visions of a better future.38. [C] Today we can no longer ignore the ecological curses …39.[K] The unscrupulous(无所顾忌的) commodification of food and the destruction of foodstuffs…40. [D] Acceleration is the signature of our time.41.[G] This much is clear: we need to find ways that help us flatten the hockey-stick curves…42.[A] Our world is full of-mostly untold-stories of slow hope…43.[F] Yet, if we envisage our salvation to come from a deus ex machina(解围之种), from divine engineer or …44.[I]We need an acknowledgment of our present ecological plight but also a language of positive changes visions of a better future.45.[B] At the beginning of time-so goes the myth-humans suffered, shiv ering…仔细阅读部分：第一套:Passage 146. B People’s reluctance to be compelled to eat plant-based food.47. C Make them even more undernourished.48. B Many people simply do not have access to foods they prefer.49. D It may worsen the nourishment problem in low-income countries.50. A It accepts them at the expense of the long-term interests of its people.Passage 251.C They constantly dismiss other’s proposals while taking no responsibility…52. D A distinction should be drawn between responsibility and fault.53. A Stop them from going further by agreeing with them.54. B They are prompted to come up with ideas for making possible changes.as55. C Assuming responsibility to free oneself.第二套:Passage 146. C)It may make us feel isolated and incompetent.47. A)They do not find all their online friends trustworthy.48. C)Paint a rosy picture of other people s lives.49. A) They should record the memorable moments in people s lives50.D) Strengthen ties with real-life friends instead of caring about their onli ne imagePassage 251. A)Ruining their culture52. D)Different chimp groups differ in their way of communication53. B)Chimp behavior becomes less varied with the increase of human ac tivity.54. C)Study the unique characteristics of each generation of chimps55. C) Conserve animal species in a novel and all-round way.第三套：Passage 146. B) The near impossibility of appreciating art in an age of mass touris m.47.B) It is quite common to misinterpret artistic works.48. C) Good management is key to handling large crowds of visitors.49.B) It is possible to combine entertainment with appreciation of seriou s art.50.C) Help us to see the world from a different perspective.Passage 251.D) It takes no notice of the potential impact on the environment.52.A) It has the capacity and the financial resources to do so.53.D) Farming consumes most of our natural resources.54. D) Its alleged failure to regulate the industries.55. B) Endeavor to ensure the sustainable development of agriculture04六级翻译翻译1：港珠澳大桥( Hong Kong- Zhuhai-Macau Bridge)全长55公里,是我国一项不同寻常的工程壮举。