上海市杨浦区2019届高三英语一模试卷

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2019-2020学年上海市杨浦高级中学高三英语第一次联考试卷及参考答案

2019-2020学年上海市杨浦高级中学高三英语第一次联考试卷及参考答案第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项ASheffieldLincoln College of EnglishClasses for foreign students at all levels.3 months, 6 months, 9 months and one year course.Open all year.Small class (at most 12 students).Library, language laboratory and listening center.Accommodation (住宿)with selected families.25 minutes from London.Course fees for English for one year are￡1,380 with reduction for shorter periods of study.1.This passage is probably taken from _______.A.an advertisementB.a noticeC.a posterD.a piece of news2.Who will be accepted by this college?A.Both foreign and native students.B.Only foreign beginners and the advanced.C.Foreign students from beginners to the advanced.D.Only foreign students advanced.3.While you stay there, who will take care of you?A.Your parents.B.Your classmates.C.The school where you study.D.The family you have chosen.BAs every mobile-phone owner knows, after a year or so the battery starts to fade and the beast needs recharging more frequently.That is troublesome, but a phone’s batteries can be replaced fairly cheaply — or thewhole device traded in for the latest model. An electric car, though, is a much bigger investment. And batteries are its priciest component, representing around 30% of an average mid-size vehicle.To provide buyers with some peace of mind, carmakers guarantee their batteries, typically for eight years or around 200,000km. Producers, planning to go much further than that, though, are racing to launch “million mile”(1.6m kilometers) batteries. Contemporary Amperex Technology, a giant Chinese firm which produces batteries fora number of carmakers, was said to be ready to start producing batteries which would last for 16 years or 2m kilometres. Elon Musk has suggested that Tesla,a Californian maker of electric vehicles, has a million-mile battery in the works. And over in Detroit,General Motors is in the final stages of developing an advanced battery which it says has similar longevity (寿命)。

2019年上海市杨浦区高考英语一模试卷

精心整理2019年上海市杨浦区高考英语一模试卷I. Listening Comprehension1．（1.5分）A．Job applicants．B．University students．C．News reporters．6．（1.5分）A．The Student Union．B．The Tutoring Service Center．C．Her professor's office．D．Her tutor's home．7．（1.5分）A．The coverage of newspapers．B．The nature of humans．C．The increase of crime rate．D．The impact of mass media．8．（1.5分）A．Doctor Green is very busy on Mondays．B．Doctor Green forgot to put the man on the schedule．C．An unexpected patient visited Doctor Green last Monday．D．Patients can usually see Doctor Green on schedule．9．（1.5分）A．She is disappointed with his decision．B．30minutesC．40minutesD．4days12．（4.5分）（1）A．It bans the sales of salty and unhealthy food．B．Its residents lose altogether 100，000kg by 2020．C．Everyone weighs himself on giant scales in public．D．Local doctors make personalized diets for everyone（2）A．Local people share healthy diet with each other．B．Thousands of residents kick football to keep slim．C．Local restaurants use olive oil to replace butter．D．Government officials persevere in physical exercise．（3）A．Students are encouraged to walk or ride to schoolB．Students are allowed to ride bicycles in school libraries．C．Parents are offered devices to monitor children's walking time．D．Try to find an extraordinary online game．II. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections：After reading the passage below，fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word，fill in each with the proper form of the given word；for the other blanks，use one word that best fits each blank.14．（15分）A newly discovered tea plant is caffeine﹣freeThe world loves tea and some 3m tons of tea are consumed every year．Tea can be good for health，as it contains compounds that help to lower cholesterol（胆固醇）and reduce the risk of heart disease．But there is a downside．Tea contains caffeine which，（1）it improves mental alertness，can also cause anxiety，insomnia and other problems．（2）would be agreeable is that a tea plant that provides all the taste and goodness but with little or （3）of the caffeine has been found．Liang Chen and Ji ﹣Qiang Jin of the Tea Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciencesbooks is like a room without windows．Mann （1）pointed out the value of books，but some researchers have found evidence that people with books in their homes really do gain a window on the world．A new study in the journal Social Science Research，publishing in October，suggests that people who grow up with more books are more likely to have educational （2），and to achieve more in life，than people who grow up without them．In the study，over 160，000 adults from 31 countries and regions were asked about the number of books there were intheir homes when they were 16 years old．Then they were（3）in literacy，numeracy （计算能力）and information communication technology．The research shows that the number of books for each household （4）greatly from country to country．（5），the number of books is 27 in Turkey，143 in the UK and 218 in Estonia．But "the total （6）of home library size on literacy are large everywhere" ，according to researcher Joann Sikorn of Australian National University in a paper based on the study．paper．（1）A．simply B．definitely C．generally D．randomly （2）A．backgrounds B．advantages C．requirements D．development （3）A．estimated B．examined C．tested D．investigated （4）A．changes B．alters C．shifts D．varies（5）A．By comparison B．As a result C．For instance D．In total（6）A．effects B．expenses C．inputs D．contributions （7）A．higher B．lower C．average D．similar（8）A．make up for B break up with C．live up to D．catch up with （9）A．senior B．essential C．equal D．familiar（10）A．addition B．engagement C．devotion D．exposure （11）A．prove B．demonstrate C．enhance D．acquireUS，suggested that keeping a secret could cause stress．People entrusted with secrets can suffer from depression，anxiety，and body aches，reported the Daily Mail．But with secrets so often getting out，why do people share them at all？Shah explained that people often feel that it will help them keep a person as a friend．Another reason people share secrets is guilt over keeping it from someone close to them．A sense of distrust can develop when people who are close do not share it with each other．"Keeping or sharingsecrets often puts people in a position of either gaining or losing the trust of someone．" according to Shah．He added that talkative people could let secrets slip out．But this doesn't mean that it is a good idea only to share secrets with quiet people．A quiet person may be someone who keeps everything inside．To tell such a person a secret may cause them stress，and make them talk about the secret．Shah said that to judge whether to tell someone a secret，you'd better put yourself inC．It's better to inform others of the chances of your leaking secrets beforehand．D．Putting yourself in others' shoes helps realize the difficulty of keeping secrets．（4）What's the best title for the passage？A．Walls have ears．B．Still tongues make wise heads．C．A word spoken is past recalling．D．Every wall has a crack．17．（6分）Does the thought of cooking an entire Christmas dinner for friends and family make you shudder？Our cookery writer Sophie Godwin has created the ultimate simplified menu for a stress﹣free day．With a range of time﹣saving techniques and showstopping flavour twists，this is the only festive menu you'll ever need．Embrace the art of the shortcut!Your timeplan to eat at 2 pmView and print our at﹣a﹣glance infographic time plan．? 11 am Take your turkey out of the fridge．Buy your ingredientsWe've pre﹣loaded your shopping list so that you can quickly buy all your ingredients for this menu in one go．Just click below to be taken to your shopping list，where you can buy all your ingredients from your preferred supermarket，and remove any ingredients as needed，and even print the list，to use direct when shopping．（Serves 6）Add to shopping ListThe above shopping list is powered by Whisk．Please check your list thoroughly beforepurchasing．If the same items appear across different recipes they will not automatically combine in your list and you'll need to do this manually．Please also check the products that have been selected via the Whisk program，as you may prefer a different brand from that listed．（1）Which section CAN'T we find on the website？A．Classic cocktailsB．Vegetarian Christmasphenomenon arises from a function in our brain to ignore the noise we make ourselves．In order to explore how our brain does this，a group of scientists carried out an experiment with mice at Duke University．The research entered on an intuition（直觉）﹣﹣﹣that we are usually unaware of the sound of our own footsteps ﹣﹣﹣as a vehicle for understanding larger neural（神经系统的）phenomena；how this behavior reveals the ability to monitor，recognize，and remember the sound of one's own movements in relation to those of their larger environments．In the experiment，research controlled the sounds of a group of mice could hear，reported Science Daily．During the first several days，the mice would hear the same sound each time they took a step．This was just like "running on a tiny piano with each key playing exactly the same note"，senior study author Richard Mooney，a professor of neurobiology at Duke University，told Live Science．Scientists found that their auditory cortex （听觉皮层）﹣the area of the brain that processes sound ﹣became active at first but decreased its response to the sound after two orexperience to change how we play ﹣and we get better over time because our brain is trying to minimize these errors．"（1）What can be discovered about mice in the experiment？A．Their brain responds inactively to the familiar soundsB．They are able to detect sounds other animals don't notice．C．They cannot identify different sounds except their own footsteps．D．Different areas of their brain are responsible for different sounds．（2）What's the function of the sensory filter？A．Getting used to abnormal or unfamiliar sounds．B．Ignoring the sounds made by our companions．C．Identifying the sounds from a larger environmentD．Being sensitive to the sounds of our own movement．（3）Why can a good symphony conductor immediately recognize it when a wrong note is played？conflicts．D．Self﹣centered people are found to be indifferent to many things in society and other people because all their concentration is only on themselves and their needs．E．This analysis of "we﹣talk" suggested that the frequent use of "we" and "us" is linked to happier and healthier relationships．F．They found that too much "I﹣talk" was an accurate linguistic marker for the likelihood that someone is feeling stressed or experiencing negative emotions．Building a lasting social relationshipWe all know that friends are special people who we share our lives with，and who share their lives with us in return．But seeking friends and keeping the friendship going are never easy．According to research recently published in the Journal of Social and Personal Relationships，the key is to use "we﹣talk"．Led by University of California psychologist Megan Robins and her colleagues，thewell．IV. Summary Writing20．（10分）Directions：Read the following passage．Summarize the main idea and the main point（s）of the passage in no more than 60 words．Use your own words as far as possible．When we wake up feeling sleepy and with dark circles under eyes，many of us often think：" I'm going to go to bed earlier tomorrow!" But however determined we are，chances are that we don't stick to our promise．This behavior is called "bedtime procrastination（拖延症）"．According to a study carried out by a group of health psychologists at Utrecht University in the Netherlands in 2014，bedtime procrastination is a common problem．In their study，53 percent of the 2，400 participants said they didn't follow their sleep schedule，delaying itat least twice a week．It's found that they delayed bedtime not because they liked to stay up late，but they couldn't stop doing other unimportant things，which were keeping them up in the first place．21．（5分）无论幸福的定义如何变化，人们永远不会放弃追求幸福的权利．（right）22．（5分）在团队精神的鼓舞下，研究小组的每个成员都为新项目做出了自己的贡献．（contribution）23．（5分）越来越多年轻人遭受着精神问题的困扰，这是由日益加增的生活压力造成的．24．（5分）在人类身上使用基因编辑技术是非常危险的．它不仅违背了医学伦理道德，并且可能产生无法预知的后果．（Not）VI. Guided Writing25．（20分）Directions：Write an English composition in 120﹣150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese．请简要描述图片，并结合生活实际谈谈你的看法．2019年上海市杨浦区高考英语一模试卷参考答案与试题解析I. Listening ComprehensionB．Excited．C．Surprised．D．Calm．【考点】15：短对话理解．【分析】略【解答】略4．（1.5分）A．They can hardly find time to do exercise．B．Both of them are fond of doing exercise．C．Doing exercise is the last thing they'd like to do．D．The woman disagrees to do exercise with the man．【考点】15：短对话理解．【分析】略【解答】略【点评】略7．（1.5分）A．The coverage of newspapers．B．The nature of humans．C．The increase of crime rate．D．The impact of mass media．【考点】15：短对话理解．【解答】略【点评】略8．（1.5分）A．Doctor Green is very busy on Mondays．B．Doctor Green forgot to put the man on the schedule．C．An unexpected patient visited Doctor Green last Monday．D．Patients can usually see Doctor Green on schedule．【考点】15：短对话理解．【分析】略【解答】略【点评】略11．（4.5分）（1）A．A number of giant rats are hidden in the fields or forests．B．Violent robbers may come out and hurt innocent civilians．C．People may step onto a landmine（地雷）and get injured．D．Other roads have a litter problem，which spoils good mood．（2）A．It is a rare species of rat．B．It has a good sense of smell．C．It sacrifices its life to detect dangers．D．It is terrified of explosive device．（3）13minutesB．30minutesC．Parents are offered devices to monitor children's walking time．D．Fruits are provided for those who are addicted to online games．【考点】16：长对话理解．【分析】略【解答】略【点评】略13．（6分）（1）A．Neither of them can find a suitable game．B．They are both enthusiastic about games．C．Good games cost a large amount of money．D．They often go Dutch when buying gifts．（2）A．It includes fantasy role﹣playing．B．It doesn't have an actual ending．C．It is an expensive online game．D．It is something like a racing game．14．（15分）A newly discovered tea plant is caffeine﹣freeThe world loves tea and some 3m tons of tea are consumed every year．Tea can be good for health，as it contains compounds that help to lower cholesterol（胆固醇）and reduce the risk of heart disease．But there is a downside．Tea contains caffeine which，（1）although it improves mental alertness，can also cause anxiety，insomnia and other problems．（2）What would be agreeable is that a tea plant that provides all the taste andgoodness but with little or （3）none of the caffeine has been found．Liang Chen and Ji﹣Qiang Jin of the Tea Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences have discovered just such a plant （4）growing（grow）wild in a remote area in Fujian province，southern China．（5）As they report in the Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry，not only is the tea plant naturally caffeine﹣free but it also contains a number of unique medicinal compounds that，the locals believe，offer considerable health benefits．（6）Known（know）locally as Hongyacha，the newly discovered plant grows only6．Known．考查非谓语，be known as：被称为，作为..被熟知，这里是过去分词做状语，故填known．7．above．考查介词，海平线1000米以上，故填above．8．are exploring．考查时态，根据now可知使用现在进行时，主语是复数，故填are exploring．9．to be bred．考查语态，to do这里表将来，将来被培育的新品种，故填to be bred．10．has been reported．考查时态，但是没有报道任何进展，因为是进展做主语，故使用被动，表示动作的持续，故填has been reported．【点评】语法填空题是考查学生对语篇的理解能力和语言知识的应用能力．解题时，要在理解文章的基础上，充分考虑语境和上下文的联系．运用所掌握的词汇，语法等知识进行作答．III. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections：For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A，B，C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.a large number of books at home got a（n）（7）D score as university graduates who grewup with only a few books．The Guardian newspaper commented that "bookish adolescence makes for a good deal of educational advantage．""Reading books in a young age can （8）A shortcomings not only in adult literacy but also numeracy；its impacts are （9）C to additional years of education．" Sikora told Science Alert．Apart from the educational benefits，growing up with more books also plays an important role in adult success．"Early （10）D to books in the parental home matters because books are an essential part of routines and practices that（11）C lifelong cognitive （认知的）abilities"，Sikora told Science Alert．These abilities are（12）B to future development．Without doubt，the fact that we are moving toward a digital era could（13）A the importance of printed books．For now，（14）B，"they still seem to（15）C quite（14）A．therefore B．however C otherwise D．likewise （15）A．enjoy B．obtain C．maintain D．reduce【考点】M6：人生感悟类阅读．【分析】短文主要通过研究表明书对人们的文化程度、计算机能力和认知能力等都有积极的影响．【解答】1﹣15 ABCDC ADACD CBABC1．A．副词的辨析，simply简单地，definitely绝对地，generally一般而言，randomly随意地，Mann只是指出书的重要性而已，故答案为A．2．B．名词的辨析，backgrounds背景，advantages优点，requirements要求，development 发展，研究表明成长中有更多书的人更有可能有教育上的优势，故答案为B．3．C．动词的辨析，estimated估计，examined检测，tested试验，investigated调查，接着这些人被测试他们的文化和计算机能力等，故答案为C．4．D．动词的辨析，changes改变，alters改变，shifts改变，varies各异，研究表明家庭里的藏书不同国家间各异，故答案为D．义务的，这些能力对于将来的发展具有关键性的作用，故答案为B．13．A．动词的辨析，weaken变弱，highlight强调，overestimate评价过高，reflect反映，毫无疑问我们现在生活的数码时代会使纸质书的重要性变弱，故答案为A．14．B．副词的辨析，therefore所以，however然而，otherwise不然的话，likewise同样地，前后句子构成转折的关系，故答案为B．15．C．动词的辨析，enjoy享受，obtain获得，maintain保持，reduce减少，直到现在，书似乎还是对人有积极的作用，故答案为C．【点评】在做完形填空时，首先需要快速的浏览全文，把握文章的主旨大意；其次要学会带着问题到文中相应的地方，通过细节阅读来寻找或概括答案；最后理清作者的写作思路也非常重要；做此类题时，要多注意一些形容词或动词的搭配，在平时多积累一些固定搭配．Section BDirections：Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A，B，C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage youaccording to Shah．He added that talkative people could let secrets slip out．But this doesn't mean that it isa good idea only to share secrets with quiet people．A quiet person may be someone whokeeps everything inside．To tell such a person a secret may cause them stress，and make them talk about the secret．Shah said that to judge whether to tell someone a secret，you'd better put yourself in their position．Think about how you would feel to be told that you mustn't give theinformation away．Shah also recommended that if you accidentally give up someone's secret you should come clean about it．Let the person know that their secret isn't so secret anymore．（1）The underlined phrase "spill the bean" is closest in meaning to A．A．let out a secretB．tell the truthC．eat our wordsD．take gossip【分析】本文章主要讲述了每个人都有秘密，每个人都会替别人保守秘密，可是心中的秘密过多是对身体不好的，会造成压力．同时秘密也不可能被永远保守，只要是发生了的事情总是会被他人知道的．【解答】1．A．词义猜测题．根据文章第一段内容，"Don't tell anyone"．We hear these words when someone tells a secret to us．But it can be hard to keep a secret．We're often tempted to "spill the beans "，even if we regret it later．"不要告诉任何人"．当有人告诉我们一个秘密时，我们会听到这些话．但是很难保守秘密．即使我们后来后悔了，我们也经常想把保守的秘密透露出去，结合选项，故选A．2．D．细节题．根据文章第三段内容，People entrusted with secrets can suffer from depression，anxiety，and body aches．知道他人秘密、替他人保守秘密的人会患上抑郁症、焦虑症和身体疼痛．．结合选项，故选D．3．D．推理题．根据文章最后一段内容，Shah said that to judge whether to tell someone a secret，you'd better put yourself in their position．Think about how you would feel to be told that you mustn't give the information away．由此可知，沙阿Shah 说，要判断是否要告诉skin．? 12 pm Put the turkey in the oven to roast．? 12.15 pm Boil the potatoes and root vegetables．Make the harissa & orange marmalade glaze．Chop the ingredients for the stuffing sprouts．? 1 pm Baste the turkey，pour in the white wine and nestle cabbage wedges around the bird．Return to the oven．? 1.10 pm Prepare the separate ingredients for the mackerel starter．? 1.25 pm Smash the roasties and put them in the oven．? 1.30 pm Check the turkey﹣take out to rest if the internal temperature has reached 65C．Return the cabbage to the oven to finish cooking．? 1.35 pm Toss the roasted roots in the harissa glaze，then put in the oven．? 1.40 pm Make the gravy，cook the sprouts and keep warm．?2 pm Sit down to the starter，with everything for your lunch ready to go．?The dessert takes just 10 minutes to assemble ，so you can do it once you've enjoyedD．Wealth management（2）How long does it take to toast the turkey？CA．1 hourB．2 hoursC．1.5 hoursD．2.5 hours（3）Which of the following is True？BA．The entire Christmas dinner is composed of a roasted turkey and dessert．B．The automatically﹣generated shopping list is just for user's reference．C．Most of the ingredients on the shopping list come from the same brand．D．You can buy all your ingredients online through Whisky by one click．【考点】O3：广告布告类阅读．【分析】本文是一篇广告布告类阅读，主要介绍了为朋友和家人烹饪整个圣诞晚餐的想法会让你不寒而栗吗？我们的烹饪作家Sophie Godwin为无压力的一天创造了最终的简why it occurs to us that it's someone else's footsteps ，not ours？According to a new study published in the journal Nature in September，this phenomenon arises from a function in our brain to ignore the noise we make ourselves．In order to explore how our brain does this，a group of scientists carried out an experiment with mice at Duke University．The research entered on an intuition（直觉）﹣﹣﹣that we are usually unaware of the sound of our own footsteps ﹣﹣﹣as a vehicle for understanding larger neural（神经系统的）phenomena；how this behavior reveals theability to monitor，recognize，and remember the sound of one's own movements in relation to those of their larger environments．In the experiment，research controlled the sounds of a group of mice could hear，reported Science Daily．During the first several days，the mice would hear the same sound each time they took a step．This was just like "running on a tiny piano with each key playing exactly the same note"，senior study author Richard Mooney，a professor of neurobiology at Duke University，told Live Science．﹣such as when we prepare to strike keys on a piano ﹣and we compare this to what we actually hear，"explains Schneider．"We use mismatches between expectation and experience to change how we play ﹣and we get better over time because our brain is trying to minimize these errors．"（1）What can be discovered about mice in the experiment？AA．Their brain responds inactively to the familiar soundsB．They are able to detect sounds other animals don't notice．C．They cannot identify different sounds except their own footsteps．D．Different areas of their brain are responsible for different sounds．（2）What's the function of the sensory filter？CA．Getting used to abnormal or unfamiliar sounds．B．Ignoring the sounds made by our companions．C．Identifying the sounds from a larger environmentD．Being sensitive to the sounds of our own movement．easily after tuning out familiar sounds．这表明老鼠大脑中的"感觉过滤器"可以帮助它在排除熟悉的声音后，很容易地检测到新的声音或环境中的异常噪音．所以A选项他们的大脑对熟悉的声音反应迟钝．是实验的结果，故选A．2．C．推理判断题．根据倒数第五段的句子：It's almost like they were wearing special headphones that could filter（过滤）out the sound of their own movements这就像他们戴着特殊的耳机，可以过滤掉自己运动的声音．可见这种过滤器可以识别大环境中的声音，所以选C．3．D．推理判断题．根据倒数第二段句子；Being able to ignore the sounds of one's own movements is likely important for humans as well．But the ability to predict the sounds of our own actions is also important．能够忽略自己动作的声音对人类来说也很重要．但是预测自己动作声音的能力对于更复杂的人类行为来说也很重要，可见一个好的指挥家对在管弦乐队中如何演奏每个音符有很好的预测．故选D．4．B．推理判断题．着时间的推移，根据第一段句子：You're walking down a quiet street and suddenly you hear some footsteps．Undoubtedly ，it means that there's someoneD．Self﹣centered people are found to be indifferent to many things in society and other people because all their concentration is only on themselves and their needs．E．This analysis of "we﹣talk" suggested that the frequent use of "we" and "us" is linked to happier and healthier relationships．F．They found that too much "I﹣talk" was an accurate linguistic marker for the likelihood that someone is feeling stressed or experiencing negative emotions．Building a lasting social relationshipWe all know that friends are special people who we share our lives with，and who share their lives with us in return．But seeking friends and keeping the friendship going are never easy．According to research recently published in the Journal of Social and Personal Relationships，the key is to use "we﹣talk"．Led by University of California psychologist Megan Robins and her colleagues，the researchers reviewed and analyzed 30 different studies involving over 5，000 participants．【考点】PF：选句填空．【分析】本文属于说明文阅读，作者通过这篇文章主要向我们描述了如何建立一种持久的社会关系，朋友是我们共同生活的特殊人．他们与我们分享他们的生活．但寻找朋友和保持友谊绝非易事．【解答】1．E．推理判断题．根据文章前文Led by University of California psychologist Megan Robins and her colleagues，the researchers reviewed and analyzed 30 different studies involving over 5，000 participants由加州大学心理学家梅根?罗宾斯和她的同事领导，研究人员对30项不同的研究进行了回顾和分析，涉及超过5项；可知交谈"表明，频繁使用"我们"和"我们"与更幸福、更健康的关系有关；故选E．2．A．推理判断题．根据前文The word "we" moves people from an individual position into a partnership，which makes us more interdependent我们"这个词将人们从个人职位转移到合伙企业，罗宾斯告诉"科学日报"；可知代词有助于洞察人们是把自己看作是个人还是整体的一部分；故选A．3．C．推理判断题．根据后文The primary point is that interdependence may bring aboutthink：" I'm going to go to bed earlier tomorrow!" But however determined we are，chances are that we don't stick to our promise．This behavior is called "bedtime procrastination（拖延症）"．According to a study carried out by a group of health psychologists at Utrecht University in the Netherlands in 2014，bedtime procrastination is a common problem．In their study，53 percent of the 2，400 participants said they didn't follow their sleep schedule，delaying it at least twice a week．It's found that they delayed bedtime not because they liked to stay up late，but they couldn't stop doing other unimportant things，which were keeping them up in the first place．"People who generally have trouble resisting temptations and sticking to their intentions are more likely to delay going to bed．" Floor Kroese，a psychologist at Utrecht University，further explained to HuffPost．Yet，according to scientists，lack of self﹣control is not the only thing to blame．Our body clock also plays an important role when it comes to bed time．In order to check the分析：这句话使用that引导宾语从句．【解答】Two studies carried out separately in Netherlands and Germany find that lack of self ﹣control and the influence of body clock on sleep are to blame for "bedtime procrastination "，the behavior of delaying going to bed．（要点Psychologists reached the conclusion by following participants' sleep schedule and studying sleep patterns．（高分句型一）（要点二）They warn that bedtime procrastination is potentially bad for health．（高分句型二）（要点三）【点评】这是一篇提纲类作文，我们需要用正确的英语把给出的要点表达出来．动笔前，一定要认真分析要点，理解要点要表达的含义，不能遗漏要点，跑题偏题．本作文中给出的要点比较具体，故需要准确表达．写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系，尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次．特别注意在选择句式时要赋予变化．平时除了加强词汇积累，写作联系以外，还可以适当记忆一些类似的范文，这样在考试中可以起到事半功倍的效果．V. TranslationDirections：Translate the following sentences into English，using the words given in the brackets.【解答】答案：Inspired by the team spirit ，every member of the research group made his contributions to the new project．根据句意和所给部分可知这里使用过去分词作状语，make contributions to对…做出贡献．【点评】对于汉译英，解题前应快速浏览句子掌握大意，在读懂句子的基础上，结合提供的特定的语言环境去分析．要解决好该题型，离不开坚实的语法知识，有了坚实的语法知识才能对语言进行正确的分析和判断，从而答对题目．23．（5分）越来越多年轻人遭受着精神问题的困扰，这是由日益加增的生活压力造成的．More and more people suffer from mental problems ，which results from the increasing pressure in life．【考点】Q2：汉译英．【分析】越来越多年轻人遭受着精神问题的困扰，这是由日益加增的生活压力造成的．【解答】答案：More and more people suffer from mental problems ，which results from the increasing pressure in life．根据句意和所给部分可知这里使用动词短语suffer from意为"遭受"，which引导非限制性定语从句，result from源自．法知识才能对语言进行正确的分析和判断，从而答对题目．VI. Guided Writing25．（20分）Directions：Write an English composition in 120﹣150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese．请简要描述图片，并结合生活实际谈谈你的看法．【考点】R3：图画类．【分析】高分句型一：Some people think success is simple and direct，while in fact，theway to success is twist and it needs hard work．译文：有些人认为成功是简单而直接的，而事实上，成功的途径是曲折的，它需要努力工作．分析：这句话使用while连接并列句，表示对比关系．高分句型二：It is necessary for you to sum up your experience constantly and improve the efficiency of your work．译文：你必须不断总结经验，提高工作效率．中给出的要点比较具体，故需要准确表达．写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系，尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次．特别注意在选择句式时要赋予变化．平时除了加强词汇积累，写作联系以外，还可以适当记忆一些类似的范文，这样在考试中可以起到事半功倍的效果．。

上海市杨浦区高考英语一模试卷

2019年上海市杨浦区高考英语一模试卷I. Listening Comprehension1．（1.5分）A．Job applicants．B．University students．C．News reporters．D．Public speakers．2．（1.5分）A．﹩36．B．﹩60．C．﹩24．D．﹩303．（1.5分）A．Nervous．B．Excited．C．Surprised．D．Calm．4．（1.5分）A．They can hardly find time to do exercise．B．Both of them are fond of doing exercise．C．Doing exercise is the last thing they'd like to do．D．The woman disagrees to do exercise with the man．5．（1.5分）A．Student and teacher．B．Guest and receptionist．C．Customer and shop assistant．D．Daughter and father．6．（1.5分）A．The Student Union．B．The Tutoring Service Center．C．Her professor's office．D．Her tutor's home．7．（1.5分）A．The coverage of newspapers．B．The nature of humans．C．The increase of crime rate．D．The impact of mass media．8．（1.5分）A．Doctor Green is very busy on Mondays．B．Doctor Green forgot to put the man on the schedule．C．An unexpected patient visited Doctor Green last Monday．D．Patients can usually see Doctor Green on schedule．9．（1.5分）A．She is disappointed with his decision．B．She is crazy about going camping in the tropical jungle．C．She tries to persuade the man not to go with Jerry．D．She suggests the man reconsider his plan．10．（1.5分）A．Because he favors goods in physical stores．B．Because he enjoys the offline shopping experience．C．Because he doesn't have much money．D．Because he doesn't like the shopping festival．11．（4.5分）（1）A．A number of giant rats are hidden in the fields or forests．B．Violent robbers may come out and hurt innocent civilians．C．People may step onto a landmine（地雷）and get injured．D．Other roads have a litter problem，which spoils good mood．（2）A．It is a rare species of rat．B．It has a good sense of smell．C．It sacrifices its life to detect dangers．D．It is terrified of explosive device．（3）13minutesB．30minutesC．40minutesD．4days12．（4.5分）（1）A．It bans the sales of salty and unhealthy food．B．Its residents lose altogether 100，000kg by 2020．C．Everyone weighs himself on giant scales in public．D．Local doctors make personalized diets for everyone（2）A．Local people share healthy diet with each other．B．Thousands of residents kick football to keep slim．C．Local restaurants use olive oil to replace butter．D．Government officials persevere in physical exercise．（3）A．Students are encouraged to walk or ride to schoolB．Students are allowed to ride bicycles in school libraries．C．Parents are offered devices to monitor children's walking time．D．Fruits are provided for those who are addicted to online games．13．（6分）（1）A．Neither of them can find a suitable game．B．They are both enthusiastic about games．C．Good games cost a large amount of money．D．They often go Dutch when buying gifts．（2）A．It includes fantasy role﹣playing．B．It doesn't have an actual ending．C．It is an expensive online game．D．It is something like a racing game．（3）A．Players have opportunities to make new friends．B．Players can have face﹣to﹣face communication．C．Players may be rewarded with delicious food．D．Players can start the game at any time they want．（4）A．Add variety to the recommended game．B．Look around to find a cheaper online game．C．Persuade the woman to change her mind．D．Try to find an extraordinary online game．II. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections：After reading the passage below，fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word，fill in each with the proper form of the given word；for the other blanks，use one word that best fits each blank. 14．（15分）A newly discovered tea plant is caffeine﹣freeThe world loves tea and some 3m tons of tea are consumed every year．Tea can be good for health，as it contains compounds that help to lower cholesterol（胆固醇）and reduce the risk of heart disease．But there is a downside．Tea contains caffeine which，（1）it improves mental alertness，can also cause anxiety，insomnia and other problems．（2）would be agreeable is that a tea plant that provides all the taste and goodness but with little or （3）of the caffeine has been found．Liang Chen and Ji﹣Qiang Jin of the Tea Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences have discovered just such a plant （4）（grow）wild in a remote area in Fujian province，southern China．（5）they report in the Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry，not only is the tea plant naturally caffeine﹣free but it also contains a number of unique medicinal compounds that，the locals believe，offer considerable health benefits．（6）（know）locally as Hongyacha，the newly discovered plant grows only between 700 and 1，000 metres （7）sea level around a handful of Chinese villages．Now the researchers （8）（explore）methods to protect Hongyacha in its natural habitat while further studies are carried out．It can take time ﹣and sometimes it does not work ﹣for new plant varieties （9）（breed）for commercial use．A pair of naturally caffeine﹣free coffee plants were discovered in 2003，but little progress （10）（report）Tea enthusiasts will be watching Hongyacha with interest．And others will wonder what else is out there．III. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections：For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A，B，C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.15．（15分）According to German novelist Heinrich Mann （1871﹣1950），a house without books is like a room without windows．Mann （1）pointed out the value of books，but some researchers have found evidence that people with books in their homes really do gain a window on the world．A new study in the journal Social Science Research，publishing in October，suggests that people whogrow up with more books are more likely to have educational （2），and to achieve more in life，than people who grow up without them．In the study，over 160，000 adults from 31 countries and regions were asked about the number of books there were in their homes when they were 16 years old．Then they were（3）in literacy，numeracy （计算能力）and information communication technology．The research shows that the number of books for each household （4）greatly from country to country．（5），the number of books is 27 in Turkey，143 in the UK and 218 in Estonia．But "the total （6）of home library size on literacy are large everywhere" ，according to researcher Joann Sikorn of Australian National University in a paper based on the study．The researcher found that people who had lower levels of secondary education but had a large number of books at home got a（n）（7）score as university graduates who grew up with only a few books．The Guardian newspaper commented that "bookish adolescence makes for a good deal of educational advantage．""Reading books in a young age can （8）shortcomings not only in adult literacy but also numeracy；its impacts are （9）to additional years of education．" Sikora told Science Alert．Apart from the educational benefits，growing up with more books also plays an important role in adult success．"Early （10）to books in the parental home matters because books are an essential part of routines and practices that（11）lifelong cognitive （认知的）abilities"，Sikora told Science Alert．These abilities are（12）to future development．Without doubt，the fact that we are moving toward a digital era could（13）the importance of printed books．For now，（14），"they still seem to（15）quite a large positive benefit，which shows no sign of decreasing"，researchers wrote in the paper．（1）A．simply B．definitely C．generally D．randomly（2）A．backgrounds B．advantages C．requirements D．development （3）A．estimated B．examined C．tested D．investigated（4）A．changes B．alters C．shifts D．varies（5）A．By comparison B．As a result C．For instance D．In total（6）A．effects B．expenses C．inputs D．contributions （7）A．higher B．lower C．average D．similar（8）A．make up for B break up with C．live up to D．catch up with （9）A．senior B．essential C．equal D．familiar（10）A．addition B．engagement C．devotion D．exposure（11）A．prove B．demonstrate C．enhance D．acquire（12）A．relevant B．crucial C．opposite D．compulsory （13）A．weaken B．highlight C．overestimate D．reflect（14）A．therefore B．however C otherwise D．likewise（15）A．enjoy B．obtain C．maintain D．reduceSection BDirections：Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A，B，C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.16．（8分）"Don't tell anyone"．We hear these words when someone tells a secret to us．But it can be hard to keep a secret．We're often tempted to "spill the beans "，even if we regret it later．According to Asim Shah，professor in the Menninger Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences at Baylor College of Medicine，US，keeping a secret may well "become a burden"．This is because people often have an "obsessive （无法摆脱的）and anxious urge to share it with someone"．An earlier study，led by Anita E．Kelly，a scientist at the University of Notre Dame，US，suggested that keeping a secret could cause stress．People entrusted with secrets can suffer from depression，anxiety，and body aches，reported the Daily Mail．But with secrets so often getting out，why do people share them at all Shah explained that people often feel that it will help them keep a person as a friend．Another reason people share secrets is guilt over keeping it from someone close to them．A sense of distrust can develop when people who are close do not share it with each other．"Keeping or sharing secrets often puts people in a position of either gaining or losing the trust of someone．" according to Shah．He added that talkative people could let secrets slip out．But this doesn't mean that it is a good idea only to share secrets with quiet people．A quiet person may be someone who keeps everything inside．To tell such a person a secret may cause them stress，and make them talk about the secret．Shah said that to judge whether to tell someone a secret，you'd better put yourself in their position．Think about how you would feel to be told that you mustn't give the information away．Shah also recommended that if you accidentally give up someone's secret you should come clean about it．Let the person know that their secret isn't so secret anymore．（1）The underlined phrase "spill the bean" is closest in meaning to．A．let out a secretB．tell the truthC．eat our wordsD．take gossip（2）A person who is entrusted with a secret．A．is oft often obsessed with a certain threatB．often would rather not have been told about itC．usually has a strong desire to keep it until deathD．may suffer from physical or psychological problems（3）What can we learn from the passageA．Quiet people are more likely to keep the secrets to themselves．B．Sharing secrets helps establish friendship or get over the sense of guilt．C．It's better to inform others of the chances of your leaking secrets beforehand．D．Putting yourself in others' shoes helps realize the difficulty of keeping secrets．（4）What's the best title for the passageA．Walls have ears．B．Still tongues make wise heads．C．A word spoken is past recalling．D．Every wall has a crack．17．（6分）Does the thought of cooking an entire Christmas dinner for friends and family make you shudder Our cookery writer Sophie Godwin has created the ultimate simplified menu for a stress﹣free day．With a range of time﹣saving techniques and showstopping flavour twists，this is the only festive menu you'll ever need．Embrace the art of the shortcut!Your timeplan to eat at 2 pmView and print our at﹣a﹣glance infographic time plan．? 11 am Take your turkey out of the fridge．? 11.30 am Heat the oven．Prepare the rosemary butter and rub underneath the turkey skin．? 12 pm Put the turkey in the oven to roast．? 12.15 pm Boil the potatoes and root vegetables．Make the harissa & orange marmalade glaze．Chop the ingredients for the stuffing sprouts．? 1 pm Baste the turkey，pour in the white wine and nestle cabbage wedges around the bird．Return to the oven．? 1.10 pm Prepare the separate ingredients for the mackerel starter．? 1.25 pm Smash the roasties and put them in the oven．? 1.30 pm Check the turkey﹣take out to rest if the internal temperature has reached 65C．Return the cabbage to the oven to finish cooking．? 1.35 pm Toss the roasted roots in the harissa glaze，then put in the oven．? 1.40 pm Make the gravy，cook the sprouts and keep warm．?2 pm Sit down to the starter，with everything for your lunch ready to go．?The dessert takes just 10 minutes to assemble ，so you can do it once you've enjoyed the main course．Buy your ingredientsWe've pre﹣loaded your shopping list so that you can quickly buy all your ingredients for this menu in one go．Just click below to be taken to your shopping list，where you can buy all your ingredients from your preferred supermarket，and remove any ingredients as needed，and even print the list，to use direct when shopping．（Serves 6）Add to shopping ListThe above shopping list is powered by Whisk．Please check your list thoroughly before purchasing．If the same items appear across different recipes they will not automatically combine in your list and you'll need to do this manually．Please also check the products that have been selected via the Whisk program，as you may prefer a different brand from that listed．（1）Which section CAN'T we find on the websiteA．Classic cocktailsB．Vegetarian ChristmasC．Roast calculatorD．Wealth management（2）How long does it take to toast the turkeyA．1 hourB．2 hoursC．1.5 hoursD．2.5 hours（3）Which of the following is TrueA．The entire Christmas dinner is composed of a roasted turkey and dessert．B．The automatically﹣generated shopping list is just for user's reference．C．Most of the ingredients on the shopping list come from the same brand．D．You can buy all your ingredients online through Whisky by one click．18．（8分）You're walking down a quiet street and suddenly you hear some footsteps．Undoubtedly ，it means that there's someone around．But have you ever wonder why it occurs to us that it's someone else'sfootsteps ，not oursAccording to a new study published in the journal Nature in September，this phenomenon arises from a function in our brain to ignore the noise we make ourselves．In order to explore how our brain does this，a group of scientists carried out an experiment with mice at Duke University．The research entered on an intuition（直觉）﹣﹣﹣that we are usually unaware of the sound of our own footsteps ﹣﹣﹣as a vehicle for understanding larger neural（神经系统的）phenomena；how this behavior reveals the ability to monitor，recognize，and remember the sound of one's own movements in relation to those of their larger environments．In the experiment，research controlled the sounds of a group of mice could hear，reported Science Daily．During the first several days，the mice would hear the same sound each time they took a step．This was just like "running on a tiny piano with each key playing exactly the same note"，senior study author Richard Mooney，a professor of neurobiology at Duke University，told Live Science．Scientists found that their auditory cortex （听觉皮层）﹣the area of the brain that processes sound ﹣became active at first but decreased its response to the sound after two or three minutes when the mice became familiar with it．" It's almost like they were wearing special headphones that could filter（过滤）out the sound of their own movements．" David Schneider，an assistant professor at the Center for Neutral Science at New York University，told HuffPost．But once the sound changed，their auditory cortex became active again．This suggests that the "sensory filter" in a mouse's brain could help it detect new sounds or abnormal noise in the environment easily after tuning out familiar sounds．"For mice，this is really important，" said Schneider．"They are prey animals，so they really need to be able to listen for a cat creeping up on them，even when they're walking and making noise．Being able to ignore the sounds of one's own movements is likely important for humans as well．But the ability to predict the sounds of our own actions is also important for more complex human behaviors such as speaking or playing an instrument．"When we learn to speak or to play music，we predict what sounds we are going to hear ﹣such as when we prepare to strike keys on a piano ﹣and we compare this to what we actually hear，"explains Schneider．"We use mismatches between expectation and experience to change how we play ﹣and we get better over time because our brain is trying to minimize these errors．"（1）What can be discovered about mice in the experimentA．Their brain responds inactively to the familiar soundsB．They are able to detect sounds other animals don't notice．C．They cannot identify different sounds except their own footsteps．D．Different areas of their brain are responsible for different sounds．（2）What's the function of the sensory filterA．Getting used to abnormal or unfamiliar sounds．B．Ignoring the sounds made by our companions．C．Identifying the sounds from a larger environmentD．Being sensitive to the sounds of our own movement．（3）Why can a good symphony conductor immediately recognize it when a wrong note is playedA．He has the ability to match the wrong note with the instrument player．B．He has an intuition that he should ignore the sound of his own movement．C．He has a low expectation and knows where players are likely to make errors．D．He has a good prediction of how each note should be played in the orchestra．（4）What can be inferred from the passageA．Noise﹣filtering ability ensures us a quiet and undisturbed environment．B．The ability to ignore familiar noises helps to detect potential dangers．C．The activeness of auditory cortex determines our activity performance．D．Sound﹣predicting ability seems not so important for humans as for animals．ection CDirections：Read the passage carefully. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.19．（8分）A．Pronouns offer an insight into whether people see themselves as individuals or as part of a whole．B．If you are speaking in a person context，you're speaking about something that's of relevance toyou．C．Their research also found that "we﹣talk" is helpful for resolving conflicts．D．Self﹣centered people are found to be indifferent to many things in society and other people because all their concentration is only on themselves and their needs．E．This analysis of "we﹣talk" suggested that the frequent use of "we" and "us" is linked to happier and healthier relationships．F．They found that too much "I﹣talk" was an accurate linguistic marker for the likelihood that someone is feeling stressed or experiencing negative emotions．Building a lasting social relationshipWe all know that friends are special people who we share our lives with，and who share their lives with us in return．But seeking friends and keeping the friendship going are never easy．According to research recently published in the Journal of Social and Personal Relationships，the key is to use "we﹣talk"．Led by University of California psychologist Megan Robins and her colleagues，the researchers reviewed and analyzed 30 different studies involving over 5，000 participants．（1）．The word "we" moves people from an individual position into a partnership，which makes us more interdependent．" （2）．Word use is a window into what people are thinking and feeling without asking them．" Robbins told Science Daily．（3）．The primary point is that interdependence may bring about supportive and relationship ﹣centered behaviors and positive perceptions of the partner﹣﹣especially important in times of stress and disagreement．Contrary to "we﹣talk"，there is "I﹣talk"，which refers to the frequent use of the first﹣person singular pronouns，such as "I"，"me" and "mine"，when writing or speaking．Earlier this year，researcher analyzed a set of data that came from 4，7000 people in Germany and the US．（4）．As you can see from the two studies，too much "I﹣talk" can make you feel depressed．But "we﹣talk" can encourage you to become more positive and create a chain effect of healthy interdependence with others．So next time you are talking to a friend，try using more "we﹣talk"．You may find yourself feeling more positive﹣﹣and the effect it will have on your friend will be positive as well．IV. Summary Writing20．（10分）Directions：Read the following passage．Summarize the main idea and the main point（s）of the passage in no more than 60 words．Use your own words as far as possible．When we wake up feeling sleepy and with dark circles under eyes，many of us often think：" I'm going to go to bed earlier tomorrow!" But however determined we are，chances are that we don't stick to our promise．This behavior is called "bedtime procrastination（拖延症）"．According to a study carried out by a group of health psychologists at Utrecht University in the Netherlands in 2014，bedtime procrastination is a common problem．In their study，53 percent of the 2，400 participants said they didn't follow their sleep schedule，delaying it at least twice a week．It's found that they delayed bedtime not because they liked to stay up late，but they couldn't stop doing other unimportant things，which were keeping them up in the first place．"People who generally have trouble resisting temptations and sticking to their intentions are more likely to delay going to bed．" Floor Kroese，a psychologist at Utrecht University，further explained to HuffPost．Yet，according to scientists，lack of self﹣control is not the only thing to blame．Our body clock also plays an important role when it comes to bed time．In order to check the influence of the body clock on sleep，psychologists at Ulm University in Germany studied the sleep patterns of 108 people in February．It was found that those who get up late are more likely to postpone their bedtime than those who wake early every morning．"The intention to go to bed earlier is not enough，" Jane Kuhnel，a psychologist at Ulm University，concluded in Popular Science．"Biological processes need to support this intention．"People always think that bedtime procrastination isn't a big problem，but as Kroese told Popular Science，"the choices we make that affect out sleep could turn out to be pretty important for our health．" V. TranslationDirections：Translate the following sentences into English，using the words given in the brackets.21．（5分）无论幸福的定义如何变化，人们永远不会放弃追求幸福的权利．（right）22．（5分）在团队精神的鼓舞下，研究小组的每个成员都为新项目做出了自己的贡献．（contribution）23．（5分）越来越多年轻人遭受着精神问题的困扰，这是由日益加增的生活压力造成的．24．（5分）在人类身上使用基因编辑技术是非常危险的．它不仅违背了医学伦理道德，并且可能产生无法预知的后果．（Not）VI. Guided Writing25．（20分）Directions：Write an English composition in 120﹣150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese．请简要描述图片，并结合生活实际谈谈你的看法．2019年上海市杨浦区高考英语一模试卷参考答案与试题解析I. Listening Comprehension1．（1.5分）A．Job applicants．B．University students．C．News reporters．D．Public speakers．【考点】15：短对话理解．【分析】略【解答】略【点评】略2．（1.5分）A．﹩36．B．﹩60．C．﹩24．D．﹩30【考点】15：短对话理解．【分析】略【解答】略【点评】略3．（1.5分）A．Nervous．B．Excited．C．Surprised．D．Calm．【考点】15：短对话理解．【分析】略【解答】略【点评】略4．（1.5分）A．They can hardly find time to do exercise．B．Both of them are fond of doing exercise．C．Doing exercise is the last thing they'd like to do．D．The woman disagrees to do exercise with the man．【考点】15：短对话理解．【分析】略【解答】略【点评】略5．（1.5分）A．Student and teacher．B．Guest and receptionist．C．Customer and shop assistant．D．Daughter and father．【考点】15：短对话理解．【分析】略【解答】略【点评】略6．（1.5分）A．The Student Union．B．The Tutoring Service Center．C．Her professor's office．D．Her tutor's home．【考点】15：短对话理解．【分析】略【解答】略【点评】略7．（1.5分）A．The coverage of newspapers．B．The nature of humans．C．The increase of crime rate．D．The impact of mass media．【考点】15：短对话理解．【分析】略【解答】略【点评】略8．（1.5分）A．Doctor Green is very busy on Mondays．B．Doctor Green forgot to put the man on the schedule．C．An unexpected patient visited Doctor Green last Monday．D．Patients can usually see Doctor Green on schedule．【考点】15：短对话理解．【分析】略【解答】略【点评】略9．（1.5分）A．She is disappointed with his decision．B．She is crazy about going camping in the tropical jungle．C．She tries to persuade the man not to go with Jerry．D．She suggests the man reconsider his plan．【考点】15：短对话理解．【分析】略【解答】略【点评】略10．（1.5分）A．Because he favors goods in physical stores．B．Because he enjoys the offline shopping experience．C．Because he doesn't have much money．D．Because he doesn't like the shopping festival．【考点】15：短对话理解．【分析】略【解答】略【点评】略11．（4.5分）（1）A．A number of giant rats are hidden in the fields or forests．B．Violent robbers may come out and hurt innocent civilians．C．People may step onto a landmine（地雷）and get injured．D．Other roads have a litter problem，which spoils good mood．（2）A．It is a rare species of rat．B．It has a good sense of smell．C．It sacrifices its life to detect dangers．D．It is terrified of explosive device．（3）13minutesB．30minutesC．40minutesD．4days【考点】16：长对话理解．【分析】略【解答】略【点评】略12．（4.5分）（1）A．It bans the sales of salty and unhealthy food．B．Its residents lose altogether 100，000kg by 2020．C．Everyone weighs himself on giant scales in public．D．Local doctors make personalized diets for everyone（2）A．Local people share healthy diet with each other．B．Thousands of residents kick football to keep slim．C．Local restaurants use olive oil to replace butter．D．Government officials persevere in physical exercise．（3）A．Students are encouraged to walk or ride to schoolB．Students are allowed to ride bicycles in school libraries．C．Parents are offered devices to monitor children's walking time．D．Fruits are provided for those who are addicted to online games．【考点】16：长对话理解．【分析】略【解答】略【点评】略13．（6分）（1）A．Neither of them can find a suitable game．B．They are both enthusiastic about games．C．Good games cost a large amount of money．D．They often go Dutch when buying gifts．（2）A．It includes fantasy role﹣playing．B．It doesn't have an actual ending．C．It is an expensive online game．D．It is something like a racing game．（3）A．Players have opportunities to make new friends．B．Players can have face﹣to﹣face communication．C．Players may be rewarded with delicious food．D．Players can start the game at any time they want．（4）A．Add variety to the recommended game．B．Look around to find a cheaper online game．C．Persuade the woman to change her mind．D．Try to find an extraordinary online game．【考点】16：长对话理解．【分析】略【解答】略【点评】略II. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections：After reading the passage below，fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word，fill in each with the proper form of the given word；for the other blanks，use one word that best fits each blank. 14．（15分）A newly discovered tea plant is caffeine﹣freeThe world loves tea and some 3m tons of tea are consumed every year．Tea can be good for health，as it contains compounds that help to lower cholesterol（胆固醇）and reduce the risk of heart disease．But there is a downside．Tea contains caffeine which，（1）although it improves mental alertness，can also cause anxiety，insomnia and other problems．（2）What would be agreeable is that a tea plant that provides all the taste and goodness but with little or （3）none of the caffeine has been found．Liang Chen and Ji﹣Qiang Jin of the Tea Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences have discovered just such a plant （4）growing （grow）wild in a remote area in Fujian province，southern China．（5）As they report in the Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry，not only is the tea plant naturally caffeine﹣free but it also contains a number of unique medicinal compounds that，the locals believe，offer considerable health benefits．（6）Known（know）locally as Hongyacha，the newly discovered plant grows only between 700 and 1，000 metres （7）above sea level around a handful of Chinese villages．Now the researchers （8）are exploring（explore）methods to protect Hongyacha in its natural habitat while further studies are carried out．It can take time ﹣and sometimes it does not work ﹣for new plant varieties （9）to be bred（breed）for commercial use．A pair of naturally caffeine﹣free coffee plants were discovered in 2003，but little progress （10）has been reported（report）Tea enthusiasts will be watching Hongyacha with interest．And others will wonder what else is out there．【考点】N6：语法填空．【分析】文章讲述了一种不含咖啡因的新茶叶被发现．【解答】1．although．考查连词，although引导让步状语从句，虽然提高了精神警觉，故填although．2．What，考查连词，该句是what引导的主语从句，因为从句中缺少主语，故填what．3．none．考查代词，没有一种咖啡因被发现，表示没有任何一种，故填none．4．growing．考查非谓语，grow与plant之间是动宾关系，故填growing作后置定语，故填growing．。

2019-2020学年上海杨浦教师进修学院附属中学高三英语一模试题及答案解析

2019-2020学年上海杨浦教师进修学院附属中学高三英语一模试题及答案解析第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AI started working with my hands at a young age. The youngest of five brothers, I took on the role as a “maintenance (维修) man” at an early age for our family’s small grocery store. Often my dad wouldn’t give me a clear idea of how something shouldbe done, so I just had to figure it out by researching or through trial and error.Fast forward to 2016 and those problem-solving skills would become the focus of Tippecanoe High School’s Homebuilding class. I knew I wanted to teach the students skills that went beyond just being able to hammer nails or cut pieces of two-by-fours. The problem was that we didn’t have the resources at the time to do much else. The idea of attracting some type of funding seemed very important. Designing, building and selling a tiny house on wheels seemed like the perfect project to accomplishthe task. I reached out to a number of local businesses and most of them responded with the greatest support for what x k w we were doing.This year we added a new element to the program. Through one of our partners, we were able to connect with the nonprofit Veteran’s Ananda Incorporated. Students in the Homebuilding class are leading the design and production of micro houses to be donated to this organization. The new partnership gives the students another focus to consider when designing and building the houses.There has been no shortage of students since our first year. Three years ago we had 41 students, the next 191, and this year it was limited to just over 160 students so we could have a safe and manageable classroom environment. The number of girls taking the class has risen steadily over the last few years as well. This class offers something for everyone and the skills are universal.1. How can we describe the young author?A. He opened a small grocery store.B. He did a lot of research in the lab.C. He enjoyed doing hands-on activities.D. He learnt about maintenance from his father.2. What do the underlined words “the task” in paragraph 2 refer to?A. Getting some financial support.B. Selling a tiny house on wheels.C. Reaching out to many local businesses.D. Offering the students some problem-solving skills.3. What can be inferred about the Homebuilding class from the last paragraph?A. Its size needs increasing.B. Itis popular with the students.C. It has caused some safety concerns.D. Its classroom environment is hard to manage.BSummer is quickly passing by—but not without the ultimate meteor（流星）shower event!The2021 Perseids Meteor Shower, which is considered to be the best meteor shower of the year, is expected to start lighting up skies on this Wednesday, according to NASA. Known for fireballs, the Perseids typically light up skies on warm summer nights, leaving “long wake（尾迹）of light and color1 behind them.”Under ideal conditions, sky watchers may see approximately 50-100 meteors per hour with each meteor traveling at 37 miles per second. .Because the meteors appear in all parts of the sky, it will be pretty easy to witness the celestial（天上的）event from anywhere in the world. To get the best show, it is advised to view the Perseids from the Northern Hemisphere（半球）during the pre- dawn hours, ideally between 2 a.m. and dawn. In some cases, sky gazers may be able to seemeteors during this shower as early as 9 or 10 p. m.“If it's not cloudy, pick an observing spot away from bright lights, lie on your back, and look up! You don't need any special equipment to view the Perseids—just your eyes,” NASA wrote on their site, adding that telescopes or binoculars are not recommended due to their small fields of view.Remember to let your eyes become adjusted to the dark. Try to stay off of your phone too, as looking at devices with bright screens will negatively affect your night vision and thus reduce the number of meteors you see!For those who may be unable to view the Perseids in person, a live broadcast will be streaming from NASA's Marshall Space Flight Center, starting around 8 p. m. on Aug. 11 and continuing through sunrise on Aug. 12.4. What can we learn about the Perseids Meteor Shower?A. It will be the best meteor shower in history.B. The ultimate shower only happens on this Wednesday.C. We can observe 50- 100 meteors per hour in any place.D. The Meteors usually have long and bright trails behind them.5. Which of the following may be the best time to view the shower?A. At 4 a. m. on the Northern Hemisphere.B. At 2 p. m. on the Northern Hemisphere.C. At sunrise on the Southern Hemisphere.D. At dawn on the Southern Hemisphere.6. What can be inferred about the observation of Meteors?A. If you use a telescope, you will see more meteors.B. You can use smartphones to record the grand scene.C. The brighter the moon is, the more meteors you can see. .D. Bright lights will reduce the visibility of meteors.7. If you are not available to watch the Perseids personally, you can ________.A. browse the unofficial website of NASAB. watch a video recorded by a flight centerC. stream a live show on Aug. 11 nightD. use special devices to connect with the showerCThere are similarities and differences between high school life and college life.For one thing, there are several similarities between high school life and collegelife. First, the most important task in high school and college is both studying. Studying is the most important as a student. Second, we need a goal to fight for in both high school life and college life. To lead a meaningful life, we have to set up a goal to achieve.For another, there are also some differences between high school life and college life. First, our studying is also the biggest difference. In high school, we are required to follow our teachers' steps and finish theirassignmentsevery day. While in college, there are no teachers giving such detailed requirements to us and we can choose study or not according to our own willing. What and how to study totally depends on us. Therefore, the ability of self-control is very important in college life. Second, the flexibility (灵活性) of time is another difference. In high school, we have no much leisure except for our time of study. However, in college, we have much controlled by ourselves except the time of classes. And we have more time to do what we like. Finally,college lifeis much more various and richer. Besides study, we can attend many other activities, which make our college life more wonderful.In brief, there are both similarities and differences between high school life and college life. However, no matter we are in which period, we need to make full use of every day so that we will never feel regretful.8. Why do students need a goal to fight in high school and college?A. To enter a good college.B. To avoid living a meaningless life.C. To develop the ability of control.D. To meet their parents’ satisfaction.9. What does the underlined word “assignments” in paragraph 3 probably mean?A. Projects.B. Tasks.C. Goals.D. Dreams.10. Which is the correct structure of the passage?A. ①-②③-④B. ①②-③-④C. ①-②③④D.①②-③④11. Which of the following can be the best title for the text?A. College LifeB. High School LifeC. High School and CollegeD. High School Life and College LifeDA student had to get his long hair cut off in a middle school in GuangDong Province. It was talked a lot among teachers and students.In fact, all schools have their own rules. In most schools, boy students are not allowed to have long hair while girls are not allowed to dye their hair. And most school rules say that students should wear their school uniforms at school. And students must obey these rules so that they can get healthy development at school.But some students have disagreements. They think that boy students having long hair doesn't mean that they are not good students. They want to show their own personality. They think that they would look cool too if they had long hair and the hairstyles like their favorite stars.A girl student thought that she would look much more beautiful if she had brown hair. So she had her dark hair dyed brown one day. When she went back to school the next day, the teacher was very angry with her. She said that she worked hard at her lessons and did well in every subject. She just didn't know why the teacher didn't allow her to dye her hair while women teachers can.It is not wrong for teenagers to love stars' hairstyles or wear their favorite clothes. However, a school has its own rules for all the students to obey so that the school can be in good order. Students should not break the rules at school.12. What aren't boy students allowed to do in most middle schools according to this passage?A. To have long hair.B. To wear uniforms.C. To like famous stars.D. To show their own personalities.13. Why did the girl make her hair brown?A. Because she wanted to be cool.B. Because she thought that she would look much more beautiful.C. Because she wanted to make her teacher angry.D Because women teachers dyed their hair.14. What does the writer think of these school rules?A. The students should be against them.B. They are bad for students.C. They can make schools in good order.D. They can't make students grow healthily.15. What is the passage mainly about?A. Hair styles and clothes.B. Schoolboys and schoolgirls.C. Students and famous stars.D. School rules.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

2019-2020学年上学期上海市杨浦区高三英语一模试卷

杨浦区2019学年第一学期高三模拟质量调研英语学科试卷2019.12Ⅱ. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.Killer RabbitsYou’d never think of rabbits as dreadful, destructive creatures, would you? Rabbits are cute and love-able. However, Australians discovered (21) ________ harm these cute creatures can do the hard way.Rabbits were introduced to Australia in 1788 as food animals. By 1827, they were running around large estates, and in 1859, disaster struck. A man released 12 wild rabbits onto his property for hunting and he (22) ________ have thought that was harmless fun. But Australia has no predators（捕食者）(23) ________ (adapt) to killing rabbits and none of the diseases that kept their populations (24) ________ control in Europe. The loose rabbits bred like, well, rabbits, and began to take over the countryside. Within a few decades, there were millions. By 1950, there were 600 million rabbits in Australia.Six hundred million hungry rabbits could do real harm. They caused more damage than any other species introduced to the continent. They ate native plant species (25) ________ they disappeared. They competed for food and shelter with native animals. they caused the extinction or endangerment of numerous plant and animal species. And they were a nightmare for cattle and sheep farmers, (26)________ animals couldn't get enough grass to eat and starved.The rabbits did some good, of course. They provided food for poor families. They supported fur industries. But their impact on the environment and major livestock economy was too negative(27)________(ignore). People tried trapping them. They even built a huge wall against them. But(28)________(effective) weapon was a virus.(29) ________(test) multiple times, the deadly myxoma virus was released on Australia's rabbits in 1950. The virus had been developed very carefully to affect only rabbits. Nearly 100 percent of the rabbits who caught the disease (30) ________(die).Populations fell. It was a huge success. Cattle and sheep farming recovered gradually, and threatened plants were better protected. Eventually, rabbits became resistant to the virus.Section BDirections: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.Bottle Found at Sea Used for Scientific PurposeCombing the beach for shells, sea glass, or colorful rocks is a leisure activity enjoyed by many. Some even use metal detectors to find buried treasure or other objects. Only the lucky few have ___31___ a message in a bottle that was dropped off by the tide. The tradition of putting a letter to an unknown recipient into a bottle and throwing it into the ocean has an interesting past. An early ___32___ use for the practice was revealed when the oldest recorded message in a bottle was found by Tonya on a beach near Wedge Island, Australia.Tonya was on a family outing when she noticed the antique glass bottle in the sand and thought it would make a nice ___33___. While she was cleaning the sandy gin bottle, a rolled up paper tied with a ___34___ fell out. The damp page was a message written in German and dated June 12, 1886. According to official documents from the German sailing vessels, Paula, a crew member tossed the bottle overboard a(n) ___35___ 950 km off the coast of Western Australia. Further research authenticated(验证）the letter, which had been sent afloat 132 years ago and is the oldest message in a bottle ever ___36___.Historians confirm that thousands of similar bottles were cast overboard by German ships between 1864 and 1933. And ___37___ inside were official documents written by the captain of the ship, ___38__ routes, coordinates, and other information. These early messages in a bottle were an attempt by the German Naval Observatory to map ocean ___39___ around the world.On the back of the notes were __40__ to write the time and place the bottles were found and return them to the German Naval Observatory in Hamburg or the nearest German authorities. Using this information for reference was an early system of studying patterns in nature and the vast ocean in particular.III. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.A star athlete stopped by my office and she was eaten up by self-criticism after committing a few errors during a weekend match. “I’m at peak ___41___ and I practise hard. How is this happening?” This student, like many I teach, believes she should be able to ___42___ the outcomes of her life by virtue of her hard work.I study and write about resilience (复原力), and I’m noticing a(n)___43___ increase in students like this athlete. When they win, they feel powerful and smart. When they fall short of what they imagine they should ___44___, however, they are crushed by self-blame.We talk often about young adults struggling with failure because their parents have protected them from ___45___. But there is something else at play among the most advantaged in particular:a ___46___ promise that they can achieve anything if they are willing to work for it.Psychologists have sourced this phenomenon to a misapplication of “mind-set” research, which has found that praising children for ___47___ will increase academic performance. Developed by Stanford psychologist Carol Dweck, mind-set education has spread across classrooms worldwide. But a 2018 analysis found that while praising hard work over ability may benefit economically disadvantaged students, it does not ___48___ help everyone.One possible explanation comes from Nina Kumar, who argued in a research paper last year that for teens in wealthy, pressure-cooker communities, “It is not a ___49___ of motivation and perseverance that is the big problem. ___50___, it is unhealthy perfectionism and difficulty with backing off when they should, when the fierce drive for achievements is over the top.” This can ___51___ physical and emotional stress. In a 2007 study, psychologists Gregory Miller determined that adolescent girls who refused to give up the ___52___ goals showed elevated levels of CRP, a protein that serves as a marker of systemic inflammation (炎症) linked to diabetes, heart disease and other medical conditions.The cruel reality is that you can do everything in your power and still fail. This knowledge comes early to underrepresented minorities whose experience of discrimination (歧视) and inequality teaches them to ___53___ what is, for now, largely beyond their control to change. Yet for others, the belief that success is always within their grasp is a setup. Instead of allowing our kids to beat themselves up when things don’t go their way，we should all question a culture that has taught them that how they perform for others is more important than what ___54___ inspires them and that where they go to college matters more than the kind of person they are. We should be wise to remind our kids that life has a way of disappointing us when we least ___55___ it. It’s often the people who learn to say “stuff happens” who get up the fastest.41. A. coolness B. fitness C. goodness D. readiness42. A. control B. change C. adjust D. celebrate43. A. amusing B. inspiring C. troubling D. touching44. A. apply B. approve C. appreciate D. accomplish45. A. disbelief B. disagreement C. discovery D. discomfort46. A. bright B. false C. general D. flexible47. A. virtue B. ability C. effort D. status48. A. originally B. obviously C. necessarily D. regularly49. A. choice B. command C. display D. lack50. A. instead B. Otherwise C. Therefore D. However51. A. result from B. apply for C. associate with D. lead to52. A. Immoral B. impersonal C. impossible D. impolite53. A. challenge B. accept C. assess D. inquire54. A. plainly B. probably C. immediately D. actually55. A. exhibit B. expect C. establish D. recognizeSection BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)David Miles, an Australian inventor has been accused of cheating desperate farmers by charging up to $50,000 Australian dollars for delivering rain on demand without so much as explaining the technology behind his business.On the official Miles Research website，Miles explains that in the 1990’s he realized that it was possible to influence weather patterns by creating a bridge between ‘the present’ and a ‘near-future event’ in the physical space-time continuum. He found that by applying small amounts of energy intelligently, even a large, messy weather system approaching from the future could be eased.While somewhat fascinating, Miles’ explanation does little to explain how he is able to bring rainfall to the lands of farmers. He makes references to famous but debatable concepts like “the butterfly effect”. “We were advised against patenting because ifs basically exposing how it works. There are a lot of big companies that invest in hunting out patents,” Miles said “I understand the doubts，the only other way is to fully prove up our science and physics. If we did that, we'll lose it, it will be taken up as a national security interest and it’ll then be weaponized.”Miles' claims raised suspicions for obvious reasons, including a since-deleted section of his company website, which claimed that his technology used “electromagnetic scalar waves”，which scientists say don’t even exist.The Australian Competition and Consumer Commission (ACCC) has warned people against doing business with him, but the Australian inventor claims the ACCC is only trying to defame him and his company, as in reality they are success based - if it doesn’t rain, they don’t get paid.“Consumers signed the agreement that if by the end of Ju ne they receive 100mm, they pay $50,000, if they only receive 50mm, they would only pay $25,000. Anything under half，we don’t want to be paid,” Miles said of a handf ul of Wimmera farmers who agreed to take him up on his offer to deliver rain.Believe it or not, one of the farmers who paid David Miles for his so-called rain-making capabilities told ABC Radio that he was quite happy with the results.56. David Miles claims to be capable of ________.A. influencing the weather systemB. predicting the future eventsC. reducing the atmospheric temperatureD. easing the gravitational energy57. ACCC issued warning against doing business with Miles because________.A. he charged too much for the services providedB. there was no solid science to hack up his technologyC. his practice was a threat to national security interestD. he didn ’t officially patent his technology with ACCC58. According to Miles ，how much will be paid if the farmers receive 15mm of rain?A. $50,000.B. $25,000.C. $12,500.D. $0.59. What can be inferred from the passage?A. Miles needed safer facilities for his business.B. Miles brought about good crops as expected.C. Miles wasn’t discouraged by the critics.D. Miles was arrested by the local police.(B)Call now to speak to a friendly representative(888) 551-3466For Curved & Straight Stairs | 7-Day Money Back Guarantee | Rentals AvailableAt Stannah, we are committed to providing our customers with the safest, more reliable stair-lifts and the most generous assurance among stairlift provider, for value that can’t be beaten. Let us create a custom stair -lift solution for your needs.Call to find a local showroom! Our customers love us! Trust-score 9.5 out of 10 ☆☆☆☆☆ 398 reviews on ☆TrustpilotStannah stair-lifts arc available for indoor and outdoor straightor indoor curved stairs. 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2019-2020学年上海民办杨浦实验学校高三英语第一次联考试题及答案解析

2019-2020学年上海民办杨浦实验学校高三英语第一次联考试题及答案解析第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AOur Teen Summer Spanish Program is two weeks of fun, educational excitement that helps students learn Spanish fast. Our Spanish summer program allows our students to learn from highly trained, certified teachers and be absorbed in the language and theculture of Costa Rica.Features include:* Intensive(强化的) daily Spanish classes* Extracurricular classes in dance, cooking, music, and handiwork* Outdoor activities including hiking, camping, rafting, and ziplining(高空滑索)* Homestay with a local Costa Rican family* Volunteer work in needy neighborhoodsOur Teaching Methods:We are proud to use TPRS---Total Physical Response Storytelling---in our curriculum. This innovative method uses strange and amusing stories to teach new vocabulary, increase fluency, and get students involved by giving them the opportunity to alter the details themselves. Because of the silliness, creativity, and repetition involved, TPRS allows students to learn easily and remember information effortlesslyMemorizing vocabulary and listening to lectures on grammar are slow, inefficient ways to learn a new language. The best way to truly learn and commit new material to memory is through conversation. In our Spanish classes, students can expect to speak up to 80% of each class. By speaking in the new language freely and consistently, students can see progress faster because they are using the new grammar and vocabulary that they have learned at the same time. This helps the brain remember the new words and grammar structures for future use, making it much easier to progress.1.What does the program do?A.It offers weekly Spanish classesB.It focuses more on outdoor activitiesC.It gives teachers a chance to receive trainingD.It provides activities about the Spanish culture2.What is the best way to learn a language according to the text?A.Memorizing a larger vocabularyB.Speaking more in the new language.C.Mastering more grammar structuresD.Writing stories to share with others3.What is the purpose of the text?A.To employexperienced Spanish teacherB.To hire foreign volunteers for a programC.To attract teen foreigners to a programD.To introduce language learning methodsBPeggy Whitson's job demands a daily twohour workout in a gym where weight has no meaning and the view changes at 17,000 miles an hour.Whitson makes it look easy. At 57, she is the oldest woman to fly in space, breaking the record last November, 2016, when she began her third longterm stay at the International Space Station. After returning home in September, 2017, the NASA astronaut feltmatter-of-factabout the age milestone.“It wasn't a record I was seeking for,” Whitson said. “I was 42 and 48 for my first two space flights. I feel lucky that I was able to get to do another one in my 50s. I don't think people should let age discourage them, even on those jobs that require some amount of physical fitness. The oldest man is John Glenn (at 77), and we've had male astronauts in their 60s before, so it's just a matter of time before women start flying in space at this age”.On the earth, she stays fit by weightlifting, biking, playing basketball and water skiing. She shared what it's like to live in microgravity: “It's like you're in a swimming pool, but you don't have to worry about breathing. If I push off from one side, I'm going to float to the other side. Every direction feels exactly the same, which is really hard for your brain to grasp, but it's amazing how fast you adapt.It's a big shock for the body to come back to Earth—everything is so heavy. We spend a lot of time getting used to being back in gravity again. Back pain was really the most dramatic for me this time. For me, coming home is harder than going up into space.”4. How long did Peggy Whitson spend for her third stay in the International Space Station?A. About 300 days.B. About 708 days.C. About 107 days.D. About57 days.5. What does the underlined word probably mean in the passage?A. Amazing.B. Not surprising.C. Enthusiastic.D. Unbelievable.6. According to the passage, which of the following is true?A. Peggy Whitson likes swimming most.B. Peggy Whitson is the oldest person to fly in space.C. Peggy Whitson had been in space in 2002 and 2008.D. There had been female astronauts over 60s flying in space before.7. Which of the following will Peggy Whitson probably say?A. You can still be successful and do physical things when old.B. I spent quite a lot of time getting used to the life in space.C. The moment we reached the earth, we felt so relaxed.D. I feel lucky that I am physically well after the whole journey.CNASA has flown an aircraft on another planet for the first time. On Monday, April 19, Ingenuity, a 1. 8-kilogram drone (无人机) helicopter, took off from the surface of Mars, flew up about threemeters, then hovered for 40 seconds and took photos above with one of its two cameras. The historic moment was livestreamed on YouTube. “We can now say that human beings have flown a drone helicopter on another planet,” said MiMi Aung, the Ingenuity Mars Helicopter project manager at NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory, at a press conference. “We, together, flew at Mars, and we, together, now have our Wright brothers moment,” she added, referring to the first powered airplane flight on Earth in 1903.The details: The flight was a significant technical challenge, thanks to Mars' s bone-chilling temperatures (nights can drop down to -130 °F / -90 °C) and its incredibly thin atmosphere — just 1% the density of Earth' s. That meant Ingenuity had to be light, with rotor blades (螺旋桨) that were bigger and faster than would be needed to achieve liftoff on Earth (although the gravity on Mars, which is only about one-third of Earth's, worked in its favor). The flight had originally been scheduled to take place on April 11 but was delayed by software issues.Why it's significant: Beyond being a significantmilestonefor Mars exploration, the flight will also pave the way for engineers to think about new ways to explore other planets. Future drone helicopters could help astronauts by scoping out locations, exploring inaccessible areas, and capturing images. Ingenuity will also help inform the design of Dragonfly, a car-size drone that NASA is planning to send to Saturn's moon Titan in 2027.What's next: In the next few weeks, Ingenuity will conduct four more flights, each lasting up to 90 seconds. Each one is designed to further push the limits of Ingenuity's capabilities. Ingenuity is only designed to last for 30 Martian days, and is expected to stop functioning aroundMay 4. Its final resting place will be in the Jezero Crater as NASA moves on to the main focus of its mission: Getting the Perseverance rover (毅力号火星探测器) to study Mars for evidence of life.8. Why does MiMi Aung mention Wright brothers?A. To honor the historic contribution of Wright brothers.B. To make a comparison between Wright brothers and herself.C. To highlight the importance of Ingenuity's Martian exploration.D. To remind the public of the first powered airplane flight on Earth.9. What caused challenges for Ingenuity designers?A. The delay of software tests.B. The force of gravity on Mars.C. Mars's temperatures and atmosphere.D. Technical difficulty in liftoff on Earth.10. What does the underlined word “milestone” in Paragraph 3 probably mean?A. A great victory.B. A difficult task.C. A roadside stone.D. A historic event.11. Which of the following can be a suitable title for the text?A. Mars Drone Helicopter Makes Historic First FlightB. Modern Wright Brothers Moment: Mars ExplorationC. First Drone Helicopter Spots Evidence of Life on MarsD. Ingenuity: Mars Drone Flies to Take Incredible PicturesDRock and pop hitmaker Jim Steinman, who wrote and composed music for Meat Loaf, Bonnie Tyler, Celine Dion, and more, died Monday in Danbury, Connecticut. He was 73. Steinman's brother Billconfirmed that the cause of death was kidney (肾) failure.A statement posted on Steinman's Facebook page read, “It's with a heavy heart that I can confirm Jim's passing. There will be much more to say in the coming hours and days as we prepare to honor this giant of a human being and his glorious legacy.”Steinman's wholly unique career found him working as a composer, lyricist, and producer for many artists in a variety of styles. According to a biography on his website, the records he's worked on have sold more than 190 million copies worldwide. He was nominated (提名) for four Grammys, and won Album of the Year for his work on Dion's 1996 smash,Falling Into You.Steinman began his career in a musical theater while in college, writing and starring in a rock musical calledThe Dream Engine, which gained the attentionof New York theatrical producer Joe Papp. After graduating, Steinman worked at the Public Theater (which was established by Papp). In 1973, Yvonne Elliman recorded Steinman's song “Happy Ending”, which became Steinman's first commercially released tune. That same year, the Public Theater staged his musicalMore Than You Deserve.One of the actors who auditioned forMore Than You Deservewas Meat Loaf, and he and Steinman soon struck up a close personal and professional relationship. The two began working on Meat Loaf's solo album,Bat Out of Hell, in the early 70s, but it wouldn't be released until 1977. It wasn't until about one year later — after Meat Loaf performed onSaturday Night Live— that the album became a hit.“There is no other songwriter ever like him,” Meat Loaf said. “I can never repay him. He has been such an influence, in fact, the biggest influence on my life, and I learned so much from him that there would be no way I could ever repay Mr. Jim Steinman.”12. What caused Jim Steinman's death?A. A hit on the head.B. A kidney problem.C. A failed operation.D. A lack of blood supply.13. What is the correct order of the following events?a. Meat Loaf performed onSaturday Night Live.b. Jim released his first commercial tuneHappy Ending.c. Jim and Meat Loaf released the albumBat Out of Hell.d. Jim starred in a rock musical calledThe Dream Engine.e. Jim's musicalMore Than You Deservewas put on show.f. Jim won Album of the Year for his work onFalling Into You.A. dbecafB. dbcfaeC. fdcaebD. fbceda14. Why was Jim Steinman important to Meat Loaf?A. Because Jim was an extraordinary songwriter.B. Because Jim allowed him not to repay his debt.C. Because Jim was influential in the music industry.D. Because Jim gave him friendship and career support.15. What do we learn about Jim Steinman?A. He mainly focused his career on acting in musicals.B. He is a well-known and widely respected musician.C. His closest friends were Bill, Papp and Meat Loaf.D. He won four Grammys in the course of his career.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

2019-2020学年上海杨浦教师进修学院附属中学高三英语一模试题及答案

2019-2020学年上海杨浦教师进修学院附属中学高三英语一模试题及答案第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项ANothing beats live music, but the venue makes a difference. When you're able to score tickets to an incredible concert in an incredible place, you won't forget the experience. Here are some of the coolest music venues from around the world. If you haven't been to any of these, you've got some traveling to do.Red Rocks, Morrison, the United StatesRed Rocks might be the most beautiful and famous venue in the United States. At 6,450 feet above sea level, Red Rocks is a geologically formed natural stage. Its massive sandstone provides a perfect stage for jam bands. If you're into the blues and jazz, you'll have no trouble finding something in line with your interests.Meet Factory, Prague, Czech RepublicSmallest venues on this list, Meet Factory is an art gallery, theater, and music venue. The venue only accommodates 1,000 people, so you won't see any huge names come through. Still, it's a great place to see up-and-coming local acts, and if you've got an eye for contemporary art, you'll love your time here.Arena of NÎmes, NÎmes, FranceOriginally built around A. D. 70, the Arena of Nimes presents concertgoers with an interesting question: Should they enjoy the music, or marvel at the architecture? The Arena is, after all, one of the world's best-preserved Roman theaters. Many major touring acts plan stops at the Arena of Nimes, especially during the venue's annual festival.Sydney Opera House, Sydney, AustraliaThe Sydney Opera House is one of the world's most famous performing venues. I's also one of the most distinctive buildings in Sydney, thanks to the breathtaking design by Danish architect Utzon. It hosts about 40 events per week, so whether you're into jazz, rock, classical music, or opera, you'll find something to watch.1.Where can you enjoy music in natural beauty?A.At Red Rocks.B.At Meet Factory.C.At Arena of Nimes.D.At Sydney Opera House.2.What is special about Meet Factory?A.It enjoys breathtaking scenery.B.It hosts both musical and artistic events.C.It is the largest venue of all.D.It is famous for contemporary music.3.What do the listed music venues have in common?A.They have a long history.B.They are built near the sea.C.They accommodate thousands of people.D.They are beautiful tourist attractions.BHidden beneath the surface in the roots of Earths astonishing and diverse plant life, there exists a biological superhighway linking together the members of the plant kingdom in what researchers call the "wood wide web".The network is comprised of thin threads of fungus (真菌) that grow outwards underground up to a few meters from its partnering plant, meaning that all of the plant life within a region likely connected to one another. The partnership is beneficial for both parties involved, plants provide carbohydrates (碳水化合物) to the funguses and in exchange, the funguses aid in gathering water and providing nutrients to its partnering plant.A study conducted by Rensen Zeng of theSouthChinaAgriculturalUniversityfound that this also allowed for plants to warn one another of potential harm. The study showed Broad Beans used the fungal network to spy on one another for upcoming danger.Like our Internet, this fungal connectivity is also full of crime. Some plants, such as Golden Marigolds have been found to release poisons into the network to slow down the growth of surrounding plants in the fight for water and light. Other plants, such as the Phantom Orchid, do not have the chlorophyll (叶绿素) and must get the necessary nutrients from surrounding plants.Research suggests that animals such as insects and worms may be able to detect slight exchanges of nutrients through the network, allowing them to more easily find delicious roots to feed on; however, this has not been conclusively made clear in experimentation. The more we learn about this phenomenon, the more our understanding of the plant life of our planet will continue to change. Perhaps one day, we may be able to map out these complex networks entirely.4. What is the function of the first paragraph?A.To explain the aim of the web.B. To introduce the main topic.C. To give definition of diverse life.D. To show the importance of plants.5. The criminal behavior of plants can be seen as a way to________.A. compete for survivalB. gather more waterC. take in sunlightD. break natural rules6. What does the last paragraph suggest?A. Animals can also feed on the fungus.B. Nutrient exchanges are too slight to detect.C. No experiment can prove the phenomenon.D. More needs to be done to work out the network.7. Which can be the best title for the text?A. The Partnership between PlantsB. The Unknown Roots of the EarthC. The Superhighway Linking the PlantsD. The Mysterious Map Changing the WorldCTaking an afternoon nap could keep your brain sharp, a new study has said. Adults ages 60 and older who took afternoon naps showed signs of better mental ability compared to those who didn’t nap, according to a study published in General Psychiatry earlier this week.Researchers analyzed napping habits in 2, 214 older Chinese people and measured their cognitive abilities using several cognitive tests. Participants took the Mini-Mental State Examination and theBeijingversion of the Montreal Cognitive Assessment, both of which test for memory, language and other cognitive abilities. In every category listed in the study, nappers tested statistically higher on average compared to their non-napping counterparts.Researchers did not gather data from people under 60, so a correlation cannot be drawn between napping and younger generations. The study also noted that there are conflicting studies about the benefits and risks of napping.Sleeping behaviors can be affected by a multitude of factors, said Dr. David Neubauer, associate professor atJohnsHopkinsUniversity. “Daily routines, medication use and sleep disorders can all play a role in how frequentlysomeone takes a nap.” he said.Neubauer recommended taking a shorter “power nap” of up to 20 minutes to decrease the chances of transitioning into slow-wave sleep, which makes people feel groggy when they wake up. “Napping can be a healthy part of an older adult’s day”, Neubauer acknowledged, but make sure “sleepiness isn’t due to a treatable nighttime sleep disorder.” Older individuals who want to do all they can to preserve their cognitive functioning should put nighttime sleep first.8. What is the best way to keep a better cognitive ability for the old?A. Take a nap every day.B. Take sleep disorder seriously.C. Have a good sleep at night.D. Do exercise regularly.9. How did the researchers reach the conclusion?A. By taking the examinations and assessment.B. By analyzing napping habits and giving tests.C. By measuring nappers’ ability and analyzing them.D. By doing an experiment.10. Which has NO effect on one’s sleeping behaviors?A. Taking a nap.B. Medicine treatmentC. Sleep problemsD. Everyday activities.11. What can we know about “slow-wave sleep”?A. It appears in short nap up to 20 minutes.B. People should avoid it in their naps.C. It is a healthy part of an elder’s day.D. It was recommended by Neubauer.DAt the age of 50, Nina Schoen expects to have a long lifeahead of her, but has thought a lot about death—and why people are so reluctant to talk about it: “It’s going to happen to all of us,” she says, “but it should be a more positive experience than the fear we put into it.”When she first heard about a new end-of-life process that turns the body into compost (堆肥), “I was really moved by the idea,” says Schoen, who became one of the first to reserve a spot with a Seattle-based company called Recompose, the county’s first funeral home to offer human composting.Last year Recompose began transforming bodies to soil, more formally known as natural organic reduction. Before that, end-of-life options in the U.S. were limited to burial or cremation (火化), both of which come with environmental costs—U.S. cremations alone dump 1.7 billion pounds of carbon dioxide into theatmosphere every year.Katrina Spade pioneering the composting movement has spent a decade developing the process in hopes of offering people a greener option for death care. “I wondered, ‘What if we had a choice that helps the planet rather than harms it?’” Spade tells PEOPLE. “To know that the last gesture you’ll make will be gentle and beneficial and it just feels like the right thing to do.”After she had her own two sons, she began to wonder what she might do with her body after death. A friend who knew her interest in the topic reminded her that farmers sometimes compost the body of cows, and thatsparkedan idea for her theory: “If you can compost a cow, you can probably compost a human,” she thought, and she set about designing a facility to do just that.“This is about giving people another choice,” Spade says. “At first, people react with shock—‘You really can do that?’ But so many people today are looking at their impact on the Earth. This is a popular thing because when you die, you can give back to the planet.”12. How do people react when it comes to death according to paragraph 1?A. They are unwilling to comment.B. They can face it without fear.C. They feel it a positive experience.D. They would like to compost their bodies.13. What can we know about the company Recompose?A. Its CEO is Katrina Spade.B. It is located in Seattle.C. It was founded to resist cremation.D. It has spent 10 years composting bodies.14. What does the underlined word “sparked” probably mean?A. Changed.B. Compromised.C. Quitted.D. Inspired.15. What message does the author seem to convey in the text?A. A little things in our life can bring in big outcomes.B. We human beings should do all we can to help the earth.C. Composting is so popular that we should reserve a spot soon.D. We should reject burial because of its harm to environment.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

2019-2020学年上海市杨浦实验学校高三英语一模试卷及参考答案

2019-2020学年上海市杨浦实验学校高三英语一模试卷及参考答案第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项ASome colleges have started offering their own gap year programs to support students who want to take a year off in a meaningful way. Below, we’ll look at four of these programs.American University Gap ProgramWhen to apply: By July 15 or November 15Is there funding available? No.In American University Gap Program, students spend three days per week with a government or business organization in the city. Students go on field trips, listen to guest speakers, take part in hands-on lessons and work on service projects as a group. Students who complete the program can earn seven credits.Duke University Gap Year ProgramWhen to apply: By early May of each yearIs there funding available? Yes, $5,000 to $15,000.Though Duke University has no course of study or experience for its gap year program, it encourages students to have an independent plan for their year off, particularly one that promotes personal growth. Independent experiences may include community service, personalized experiential learning opportunities and others.Florida State University Gap YearWhen to apply: By February 24Is there funding available? Yes, up to $5,000.Florida State University offers gap year funding to students wishing to work or volunteer before starting college. In order to get the momey, students must explain their plans for their gap year. The experience must last over one year.St Norbert College Bridge Year ExperienceWhen to apply: not specifiedIs there funding available? Not specified.Students taking part in the Bridge Year Experience can travel to locations such as New Mexico, Wisconsin and Guatemala during the fall term, where they learn about the local cultures, take courses and get serviceopportunities.1.What does Duke University advise students to do during their gap year?A.Focus on their personal growth.B.Be independent of their parents.C.Apply before the end of November.D.Contact some off-campus organization.2.How can students get gap year funding from Florida State University?A.By having extra credits.B.By organizing several projects.C.By showing their gap plans.D.By doing volunteer work.3.If you are interested in travelling, you can choose ________.A.Florida State University Gap YearB.American University Gap ProgramC.Duke University Gap Year ProgramD.St. Norbert College Bridge Year ExperienceBHoneybees can’t swim, and when their wings are wet, they can’t fly, either. But Chris Roh and other researchers at the California Institute of Technology found that when bees drop into bodies of water, they can use their wings toproduce little waves and slide toward land-like surfers who create and then ride their own waves.As with many scientific advances-IsaacNewton’s apple or Benjamin Franklin’s lightning bolt-Dr. Roh’s experiment began with a walk. Passing Caltech’s Millikan Pond in 2016, he observed a bee on the water’s surface producing waves. He wondered how an insect known for flight could push itself through water.Dr. Roh and his co-worker, Morteza Gharib, used butterfly nets to collect localPasadenahoneybees and observed their surf-like movements. The researchers used a wire to restrict each bee’s bodily movement, allowing close examination of their wings. They found that the bee bends its wings at a 30-degree angle, pulling up water and producing a forward force. Bees get trapped on the surface because water is roughly three times heavier than air. But that weight helps to push the bee forward when its wings move quickly up and down. It’s a tough exercise for the bees, which the researchers guess could handle about 10 minutes of the activity.The researchers said the surf-like movement hasn’t been documented in other insects and most semiaquatic insects use their legs forpropulsion, which is known as water-walking. It may have evolved in bees, they-predicted.Dr. Roh and Dr. Gharib have imagined many practical applications for bees’ surfing. One plan is to use their observations to design robots able to travel across sky and sea. “This could be useful for search and rescues, or for getting samples of the surface of the ocean, if you can’t send a boat or helicopter,” Dr. Gharib said.4. What does the author intend to show by mentioningNewtonandFranklin?A. Roh’s admiration for them.B. Roh’s chance discovery about bees.C. Their outstanding talent for science.D. Their similar achievements in discovery.5. What plays the most vital role in a bee’s moving forward on water?A. The air weight.B. Its leg extension.C. The water movement.D. Its continuous wingbeat.6. What does the underlined word “propulsion” in Paragraph 4 mean?A. Fast flightB. Driving force.C. Pulling speed.D. Explosive power.7. What does the text mainly tell us?A. Honeybees can surf to safety.B. Bees help scientists make inventions.C. Insects can adapt to the environment.D. Nature is a helpful guide for discovery.CWhen Alex Linwas 11 years old, he read an alarming article in the newspaper, which said that people were burying old computers in backyards, throwing TVs into streams, and dumping (丢弃) cell phones in the garbage. This was dangerous because e-waste contains harmful chemicals that can leak into the environment, getting into crops, animals, water supplies and people.Alex was really worried and decided to make it next project for WIN-the Westerly Innovations Network. Alex and six of his friends had formed this organization to help solve community problems two years before.But what could they do about this project with e-waste? The team spent several weeks gathering information about the harmful chemicals in e-waste and their effects on humans. They learned how to dispose(处置) of e-waste properly and how it could be recycled. Then, they sent out a Survey and found only one in eight know what e-waste was, let alone how to properly dispose of it.Alex and his friends went into action. They advertised in the local newspaper and distributed notices to students, asking residents to bring their unwanted electronics to the school parking lot. The drive lasted two days, and they collected over 9, 500 kilograms of e-waste. The next step was to set up a long-term e-waste drop-off center for the town. After some research, they’d learned that reusing is the best way to deal with electronic devices and it is seven times more efficient than recycling. So, they began learning to retrofit (翻新) computers themselves and distributed them to students who didn’t have their own. In this way, they could help students in the area and protect the environment at the same time.For a lasting solution to e-waste, the drop-off center wasn’t enough. Lawswould have to be passed. In 2016,WIN helped push for an e-waste bill in their town, which required companies that manufactured or sold electronics to take back e-waste. The bill clearly forbids the dumping of e-waste. Because of the work of WIN, more and more people, like Alex and his team, are getting the message about safe disposal of e-waste. As Alex says, “Today’s technology should not become tomorrow’s harmful garbage.”8. What was Alex’s worry after he read the article?A. The littering of e-waste.B. The recycling of plastic.C. The change of environment.D. At 11 p.m. on Monday.9. What did Alex do to start the project?A. Set up WIN.B. Collect information.C. Ask friends for help.D. The overuse of old computer.10. Which can best describe the way Alex and his team did their work?A. Traditional.B. Competitive.C. Scientific.D. Convenient.11. What message does the story convey?A. There is no end to perfection.B. success comes through failure.C. Every positive attitude has a reward.D. young people can make a big difference.DIt was New Year time, but I wasn’tlooking forward to it. That winter, my mother and my stepfather moved our family toSouthern California. My brother and I were leaving our ruralAlabamabehind. This would be our first New Year away fromAlabama. My mother took toCalifornialike a swan to a royal lake. My athletic little brother, Paul, was keyed up at a climate that allowed him to go to the beach whenever he wanted.I, however, was a fat child with heavy southern pronunciation. My first day in the new class, I introduced myself in a low voice. The moment I opened my mouth to speak, the whole class burst into laughter, “He talks funny.” It was so frustrating that I went to place a call to Granny Smith after school, who was my biggest support, But I didn’t get through.On Sunday evening, the phone rang. It was Granny. She often took advantage of the discounted long-distance rates on Sundays. She said she’d shipped a New Year package. Sure enough, it arrived. Surprised at the box, large enough to hold a small refrigerator, we eagerly tore it open. The smell of Granny’s house filled the room: a combination of fried meat, sausages, furniture polish and decorations. Her house was tiny and always filled withtackyholiday decorations and homemade food before New Year. But in my childhood eyes, it was precious and fantastic.There were countless tins and containers. We open hem to discover piles of holiday treats. She even included our traditional candy bats. The box was as bottomless as a magical box. There, beneath all these, was familiar holiday.Every New Year that we spent inCalifornia, the postal service would call and say our package was arrived. Over the years, many treasures arrived in the box. For me, it’s always been the best part of the holiday.12. How did the author’s brother feel when they were moving toCalifornia?A. Indifferent.B. Joyful.C. Appreciative.D. Disappointed.13. Why did the author’s classmates laugh at him?A. He spoke in a low voice.B. He made a humorous talk.C. He looked overweight.D. He had a strong accent.14. What does the underlined word “tacky” probably mean?A. Suitable.B. Expensive.C. Cheap.D. Attractive.15. Which of the following can be the best title of the text?A. Granny’s Care PackageB. An UnforgettableHolidayC. Our Move toCaliforniaD. A Telephone Call from Granny第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

2019-2020学年上海民办杨浦凯慧高级中学高三英语一模试卷及参考答案

2019-2020学年上海民办杨浦凯慧高级中学高三英语一模试卷及参考答案第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AFind Your Chicago Architecture TourChicago is known around the world for its architecture. Whether you tour downtown or a neighborhood, our guides will tell you the stories behind the buildings.Must-see ChicagoMust-see Chicago is a fast-paced, 90-minute tour to Chicago featuring(以…为特色) some of its most famous buildings, including the Wrigley Building, Tribune Tower and more! Get a brief overview of more than a dozen buildings—as well as Chicago landmarks like Millennium Park, the Loop and the Chicago River.Duration: 1.5 hoursPrice: $ 26 public, free for CAC membersArchitecture HighlightsDiscover the exciting diversity(多样性) of Chicago architecture, which traces the city’s development from its founding through present day. We cover about 30 miles of Chicago design, passing through the Loop and the Gold Coast, as well as Hyde Park and other areas of the South Side. We’ll see two university campuses and several parks.Duration: 3.5 hoursPrice: $ 55 public, free for CAC membersHistoric Treasures of Chicago’s Golden AgeLearn about the great architectural landmarks of Michigan Avenue and State Street, with views inside beautiful buildings from the 1890s〜1930s. The most memorable parts include the amazing interiors(内部) of the Palmer House Hotel and the Chicago Cultural Center.Duration: 2 hoursPrice: $ 26 public, free for CAC membersElevated Architecture: Downtown “L” TrainExplore Chicago’s amazing architecture from the unique view of elevated trains and station platforms. Learnthe history behind the famous “L” system and hear how it has shaped the development of buildings within the Loop. The city’s first elevated train started making trips in 1892. Now considered one of Chicago’s most wonderful features, the “L” offers impressive views of downtown.Duration: 2 hoursPrice: $ 26 public, free for CAC members1.Which tour can you choose if you want to see Millennium Park?A.Must-see Chicago.B.Historic Treasures of Chicago’s Golden AgeC.Architecture Highlights.D.Elevated Architecture：Downtown “L” Train.2.When visiting Architecture Highlights, a couple should pay ______.A.$55B.$ 110C.$ 165D.$ 2203.What can you see on the third tour?A.The Chicago River.B.The Gold Coast.C.The elevated trains.D.The Palmer House Hotel.BYellowstoneNational ParkbecameAmerica's first national park in 1872. The National Park Service was formed 44 years later in 1916.Yellowstone, which is mostly in the state of Wyoming, is considered an example of the success of the National Park System.Humans have been present in Yellowstone for more than 11,000 years.Yellowstone contains beautiful mountains, deep canyons(峡谷), lakes and rivers.The nameYellowstonecomes from the river running through the area. At first known as Rock Yellow River, it became known as theYellowstoneRiver.Yellowstoneis host to many different species of plants. However, the park is most distinctive because of what lies underneath it. It sits on top of an ancient super volcano, known as The Yellowstone Caldera. The caldera is 48 by 72 kilometers. And it remains an active volcano.It is believed that the last time the volcano erupted was one half million years ago. The area has had three major eruptions in the last three million years.Experts say it may erupt again in another 1,000 to 10,000 years. But each year, there are thousands of earthquakes atYellowstone. Most are too small to be felt by people visiting the park.Yellowstoneis filled with the beauty of many hot water springs. hot water and gasses are trapped under theearth. they rush to the surface in the form of hot water and steam.Old Faithful is The most famous one .Iterupts about every hour or hour and a half. The eruption can last from one and a half minutes up to 5 minutes. The amount of hot water it expels（排出）in that time can be as much as 31,000 liters or more.In addition to its beauty and wonder, Yellowstone is an animal sanctuary（保护区）. It is home to the largest group of wild animals in theUnited States. As you travel through the park, you can sometimes see them in their natural habitat and hear their calls .4. What wasYellowstonenamed after?A. RockYellow RiverB. The amazing mountains.C. The stones with yellow color1D. The first discovery inwyoming.5. What makesYellowstonequite unique?A. The scenery is beautiful.B. There are a lot of explorers.C. It’s home to many plants.D. Its location is very special.6. What does the underlined word“It”in Paragraph 5 refer to?A. The earth.B. Yellowstone.C.Old Faithful.D. TheYellowstoneCaldera.7. What can we infer from the text?A. The Yellowstone Caldera has been dead for years.B. Yellowstone is a shelter for the protected wildlife.C. Big earthquakes happen frequently atYellowstone.D.YellowstoneNational Parkhas attracted visitors for centuries.CIsraeli Paintings—Israeli artist Menashe Kadishman will hold a personal show named "Flock of Sheep" from November 26 to December 20 at the China National Art Museum On show are 550 colourful oil paintings of sheep heads.His works have been on show inthe Metropolitan Museum in New York and Tate Gallery in London over the past 30 years.Time: 9: 00 a.m.—4: 00 p.m., November 26—December 20.Place: China National Art Museum, 1 Wusi Dajie, Dongcheng District, Beijing.Tel: 6401-2252Russian Ballet—The Kremlin Ballet from Russia will perform two immortal classical ballets—"Swan Lake" and"The Nutcracker"—at the Beijing Beizhan Theatre. Set up in 1990, the theatre has a number of first-class ballet dancers. Most of their performances are classical.Time: 7: 15 p.m., December 5 and 6 ("Swan Lake"); 7: 15 p.m., December 7 ("The Nutcracker")Place: Beizhan Theatre, Xiwai Dajie, Xicheng District, Beijing.Tel: 6605-3388Folk Concert—The Central Conservatory of Music will hold a folk concert in memory of the late musician Situ Huacheng.On the programme are many popular folks such as "Moon Night on the Bamboo Tower", "Celebrating Harvest", "Deep and Lasting Friendship", "Golden Snake Dances Wildly" and "Children's Holiday".Time: 7: 30 p.m., November 25.Place: Beijing Concert Hall, 1 Beixinhuajie, Xicheng District, Beijing.Tel: 6605-58128.If a child is very fond of dancing, his parents should take him to ________.A.China National Art MuseumB.Beizhan TheatreC.Beijing Concert HallD.1 Wusi Dajie9.Menashe Kadishman is well known for painting ________.A.deerB.birdsC.sheepD.flowers10.Which of the following is TRUE?A.The folk concert will last three days.B.The ballet "The Nutcracker" will be put on once.C.The Israeli paintings will be on show for a month.D.China National Art Museum lies in Xicheng District.11.If you dial the telephone number 6605-3388 on Dec. 8, you can ________.A.go to the folk concertB.visit the Art MuseumC.watch the balletD.none of the aboveDA world in which extinct creatures could be brought back to life came a step closer yesterday. Australian scientists have managed to extract a gene from a preserved sample of a Tasmanian tiger and make it active. Thebreakthroughhas left them dreaming that one day they will be able to recreate the animal, which died out more than 70 years ago. And if it can be done with the Tasmanian tiger, it may also be possible to resurrect (复活)creatures that have been extinct for far longer.“There used to be a time when extinction meant forever, but no more, ” said Professor Mike Archer. “We are now able to seriously challenge whether those animals that have gone for ever. What has been achieved is a very important step in bringing back those animals that are extinct. And while I think that technically it is still pretty difficult at the moment, we can now see the possibilities. I’m personally convinced that the Tasmanian tiger will be brought back to life in my lifetime.”The breakthrough came after nine years of experiments by scientists at the University of Melbourne, who extracted a gene from one of several tigers preserved in alcohol in a Melbourne museum. They removed the equivalent gene from a mouse embryo implanted the tiger gene and then watched as the mouse continued to grow normally, suggesting the tiger gene had been activated.Team leader Dr. Andrew Pask said it was the first time DNA from an extinct species had been used to “induce (引起) a functional response in another living organism”.However, the animal’s entire gene structure would have to be revived in the same way to even begin the possibility of bringing the Tasmanian tiger back from the dead.Mick Mooney, a wildlife officer ofthe Tasmanian Government, was worried that such developments could encourage people’s indifference to the protection of endangered species.“If people think that we can bring animals back to life after they’ve gone, they will start saying that there is nothing to worry about because we can fix it up later.”12. What does the underlined word “breakthrough” in the l paragraph refer to?A. Scientists have recreated new animals.B. Scientists have resurrected endangered animal.C. It has turned out that some creatures would not go extinct.D. A tiger gene has been extracted successfully and activated.13. Scientists are carrying out the experiments in order to ________.A. bring extinct animals back to lifeB. transplant the genes of tigers into other animalsC. find out what factors lead to the animals’ extinctionD. find a new way to extract animals’ DNA14. Mike Archer thinks that ________.A. scientists now have no technological difficulty reconnecting extinct animalsB. it’ll be a century or so before a Tasmanian tiger walks on the earth againC. humans have come closer in reconnecting extinct animalsD. reconnecting extinct animals is impossible15. We can learn from Mick Mooncy’s words that_________.A. he thought it unnecessary to worry about endangered animalsB. his opinion is in contrast with that of the Tasmanian GovernmentC. he thought people should be encouraged to protect endangered animalsD. he is concerned that bringing extinct animals back to life may have a negative effect第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

[数学]2019年上海市杨浦区高考英语一模试卷带答案解析

2019年上海市杨浦区高考英语一模试卷I. Listening Comprehension1．（1.5分）A．Job applicants．B．University students．C．News reporters．D．Public speakers．2．（1.5分）A．﹩36．B．﹩60．C．﹩24．D．﹩303．（1.5分）A．Nervous．B．Excited．C．Surprised．D．Calm．4．（1.5分）A．They can hardly find time to do exercise．B．Both of them are fond of doing exercise．C．Doing exercise is the last thing they'd like to do．D．The woman disagrees to do exercise with the man．5．（1.5分）A．Student and teacher．B．Guest and receptionist．C．Customer and shop assistant．D．Daughter and father．6．（1.5分）A．The Student Union．B．The Tutoring Service Center．C．Her professor's office．D．Her tutor's home．7．（1.5分）A．The coverage of newspapers．B．The nature of humans．C．The increase of crime rate．D．The impact of mass media．8．（1.5分）A．Doctor Green is very busy on Mondays．B．Doctor Green forgot to put the man on the schedule．C．An unexpected patient visited Doctor Green last Monday．D．Patients can usually see Doctor Green on schedule．9．（1.5分）A．She is disappointed with his decision．B．She is crazy about going camping in the tropical jungle．C．She tries to persuade the man not to go with Jerry．D．She suggests the man reconsider his plan．10．（1.5分）A．Because he favors goods in physical stores．B．Because he enjoys the offline shopping experience．C．Because he doesn't have much money．D．Because he doesn't like the shopping festival．11．（4.5分）（1）A．A number of giant rats are hidden in the fields or forests．B．Violent robbers may come out and hurt innocent civilians．C．People may step onto a landmine（地雷）and get injured．D．Other roads have a litter problem，which spoils good mood．（2）A．It is a rare species of rat．B．It has a good sense of smell．C．It sacrifices its life to detect dangers．D．It is terrified of explosive device．（3）13minutesB．30minutesC．40minutesD．4days12．（4.5分）（1）A．It bans the sales of salty and unhealthy food．B．Its residents lose altogether 100，000kg by 2020．C．Everyone weighs himself on giant scales in public．D．Local doctors make personalized diets for everyone（2）A．Local people share healthy diet with each other．B．Thousands of residents kick football to keep slim．C．Local restaurants use olive oil to replace butter．D．Government officials persevere in physical exercise．（3）A．Students are encouraged to walk or ride to schoolB．Students are allowed to ride bicycles in school libraries．C．Parents are offered devices to monitor children's walking time．D．Fruits are provided for those who are addicted to online games．13．（6分）（1）A．Neither of them can find a suitable game．B．They are both enthusiastic about games．C．Good games cost a large amount of money．D．They often go Dutch when buying gifts．（2）A．It includes fantasy role﹣playing．B．It doesn't have an actual ending．C．It is an expensive online game．D．It is something like a racing game．（3）A．Players have opportunities to make new friends．B．Players can have face﹣to﹣face communication．C．Players may be rewarded with delicious food．D．Players can start the game at any time they want．（4）A．Add variety to the recommended game．B．Look around to find a cheaper online game．C．Persuade the woman to change her mind．D．Try to find an extraordinary online game．II. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections：After reading the passage below，fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word，fill in each with the proper form of the given word；for the other blanks，use one word that best fits each blank.14．（15分）A newly discovered tea plant is caffeine﹣freeThe world loves tea and some 3m tons of tea are consumed every year．Tea can be good for health，as it contains compounds that help to lower cholesterol（胆固醇）and reduce the risk of heart disease．But there is a downside．Tea contains caffeine which，（1）it improves mental alertness，can also cause anxiety，insomnia and other problems．（2）would be agreeable is that a tea plant that provides all the taste and goodness but with little or （3）of the caffeine has been found．Liang Chen and Ji ﹣Qiang Jin of the Tea Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences have discovered just such a plant （4）（grow）wild in a remote area in Fujian province，southern China．（5）they report in the Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry，not only is the tea plant naturally caffeine﹣free but it also contains a number of unique medicinal compounds that，the locals believe，offer considerable health benefits．（6）（know）locally as Hongyacha，the newly discovered plant grows only between 700 and 1，000 metres （7）sea level around a handful of Chinese villages．Now the researchers （8）（explore）methods to protect Hongyacha in its natural habitat while further studies are carried out．It can take time ﹣and sometimes it does not work ﹣for new plant varieties （9）（breed）for commercial use．A pair of naturally caffeine﹣free coffee plants were discovered in 2003，but little progress （10）（report）Tea enthusiasts will be watching Hongyacha with interest．And others will wonder what else is out there．III. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections：For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A，B，C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.15．（15分）According to German novelist Heinrich Mann （1871﹣1950），a house without books is like a room without windows．Mann （1）pointed out the value of books，but some researchers have found evidence that people with books in their homes really do gaina window on the world．A new study in the journal Social Science Research，publishing in October，suggests that people who grow up with more books are more likely to have educational （2），and to achieve more in life，than people who grow up without them．In the study，over 160，000 adults from 31 countries and regions were asked about the number of books there were intheir homes when they were 16 years old．Then they were（3）in literacy，numeracy （计算能力）and information communication technology．The research shows that the number of books for each household （4）greatly from country to country．（5），the number of books is 27 in Turkey，143 in the UK and 218 in Estonia．But "the total （6）of home library size on literacy are large everywhere" ，according to researcher Joann Sikorn of Australian National University in a paper based on the study．The researcher found that people who had lower levels of secondary education but had a large number of books at home got a（n）（7）score as university graduates who grew up with only a few books．The Guardian newspaper commented that "bookish adolescence makes for a good deal of educational advantage．""Reading books in a young age can （8）shortcomings not only in adult literacy but also numeracy；its impacts are （9）to additional years of education．" Sikora told Science Alert．Apart from the educational benefits，growing up with more books also plays an important role in adult success．"Early （10）to books in the parental home matters because books are an essential part of routines and practices that（11）lifelong cognitive （认知的）abilities"，Sikora told Science Alert．These abilities are（12）to future development．Without doubt，the fact that we are moving toward a digital era could（13）the importance of printed books．For now，（14），"they still seem to（15）quite a large positive benefit，which shows no sign of decreasing"，researchers wrote in the paper．（1）A．simply B．definitely C．generally D．randomly（2）A．backgrounds B．advantages C．requirements D．development （3）A．estimated B．examined C．tested D．investigated （4）A．changes B．alters C．shifts D．varies（5）A．By comparison B．As a result C．For instance D．In total（6）A．effects B．expenses C．inputs D．contributions （7）A．higher B．lower C．average D．similar（8）A．make up for B break up with C．live up to D．catch up with （9）A．senior B．essential C．equal D．familiar（10）A．addition B．engagement C．devotion D．exposure（11）A．prove B．demonstrate C．enhance D．acquire（12）A．relevant B．crucial C．opposite D．compulsory （13）A．weaken B．highlight C．overestimate D．reflect（14）A．therefore B．however C otherwise D．likewise（15）A．enjoy B．obtain C．maintain D．reduceSection BDirections：Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A，B，C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.16．（8分）"Don't tell anyone"．We hear these words when someone tells a secret to us．But it can be hard to keep a secret．We're often tempted to "spill the beans "，even if we regret it later．According to Asim Shah，professor in the Menninger Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences at Baylor College of Medicine，US，keeping a secret may well "becomea burden"．This is because people often have an "obsessive （无法摆脱的）and anxious urgeto share it with someone"．An earlier study，led by Anita E．Kelly，a scientist at the University of Notre Dame，US，suggested that keeping a secret could cause stress．People entrusted with secrets can suffer from depression，anxiety，and body aches，reported the Daily Mail．But with secrets so often getting out，why do people share them at all？Shah explained that people often feel that it will help them keep a person as a friend．Another reason people share secrets is guilt over keeping it from someone close to them．A sense of distrust can develop when people who are close do not share it with each other．"Keeping or sharing secrets often puts people in a position of either gaining or losing the trust of someone．"according to Shah．He added that talkative people could let secrets slip out．But this doesn't mean that it is a good idea only to share secrets with quiet people．A quiet person may be someone who keeps everything inside．To tell such a person a secret may cause them stress，and make them talk about the secret．Shah said that to judge whether to tell someone a secret，you'd better put yourself in their position．Think about how you would feel to be told that you mustn't give the information away．Shah also recommended that if you accidentally give up someone's secret you should come clean about it．Let the person know that their secret isn't so secret anymore．（1）The underlined phrase "spill the bean" is closest in meaning to．A．let out a secretB．tell the truthC．eat our wordsD．take gossip（2）A person who is entrusted with a secret．A．is oft often obsessed with a certain threatB．often would rather not have been told about itC．usually has a strong desire to keep it until deathD．may suffer from physical or psychological problems（3）What can we learn from the passage？A．Quiet people are more likely to keep the secrets to themselves．B．Sharing secrets helps establish friendship or get over the sense of guilt．C．It's better to inform others of the chances of your leaking secrets beforehand．D．Putting yourself in others' shoes helps realize the difficulty of keeping secrets．（4）What's the best title for the passage？A．Walls have ears．B．Still tongues make wise heads．C．A word spoken is past recalling．D．Every wall has a crack．17．（6分）Does the thought of cooking an entire Christmas dinner for friends and family make you shudder？Our cookery writer Sophie Godwin has created the ultimate simplified menu for a stress﹣free day．With a range of time﹣saving techniques and showstopping flavour twists，this is the only festive menu you'll ever need．Embrace the art of the shortcut!Your timeplan to eat at 2 pmView and print our at﹣a﹣glance infographic time plan．•11 am Take your turkey out of the fridge．•11.30 am Heat the oven．Prepare the rosemary butter and rub underneath the turkey skin．•12 pm Put the turkey in the oven to roast．•12.15 pm Boil the potatoes and root vegetables．Make the harissa & orange marmalade glaze．Chop the ingredients for the stuffing sprouts．• 1 pm Baste the turkey，pour in the white wine and nestle cabbage wedges around the bird．Return to the oven．•1.10 pm Prepare the separate ingredients for the mackerel starter．•1.25 pm Smash the roasties and put them in the oven．•1.30 pm Check the turkey﹣take out to rest if the internal temperature has reached 65C．Return the cabbage to the oven to finish cooking．•1.35 pm Toss the roasted roots in the harissa glaze，then put in the oven．•1.40 pm Make the gravy，cook the sprouts and keep warm．•2 pm Sit down to the starter，with everything for your lunch ready to go．•The dessert takes just 10 minutes to assemble ，so you can do it once you've enjoyed the main course．Buy your ingredientsWe've pre﹣loaded your shopping list so that you can quickly buy all your ingredients for this menu in one go．Just click below to be taken to your shopping list，where you can buy all your ingredients from your preferred supermarket，and remove any ingredients as needed，and even print the list，to use direct when shopping．（Serves 6）Add to shopping ListThe above shopping list is powered by Whisk．Please check your list thoroughly before purchasing．If the same items appear across different recipes they will not automatically combine in your list and you'll need to do this manually．Please also check the products that have been selected via the Whisk program，as you may prefer a different brand from that listed．（1）Which section CAN'T we find on the website？A．Classic cocktailsB．Vegetarian ChristmasC．Roast calculatorD．Wealth management（2）How long does it take to toast the turkey？A．1 hourB．2 hoursC．1.5 hoursD．2.5 hours（3）Which of the following is True？A．The entire Christmas dinner is composed of a roasted turkey and dessert．B．The automatically﹣generated shopping list is just for user's reference．C．Most of the ingredients on the shopping list come from the same brand．D．You can buy all your ingredients online through Whisky by one click．18．（8分）You're walking down a quiet street and suddenly you hear some footsteps．Undoubtedly ，it means that there's someone around．But have you ever wonder why it occurs to us that it's someone else's footsteps ，not ours？According to a new study published in the journal Nature in September，this phenomenon arises from a function in our brain to ignore the noise we make ourselves．In order to explore how our brain does this，a group of scientists carried out an experiment with mice at Duke University．The research entered on an intuition（直觉）﹣﹣﹣that we are usually unaware of the sound of our own footsteps ﹣﹣﹣as a vehicle for understanding larger neural（神经系统的）phenomena；how this behavior reveals theability to monitor，recognize，and remember the sound of one's own movements in relation to those of their larger environments．In the experiment，research controlled the sounds of a group of mice could hear，reported Science Daily．During the first several days，the mice would hear the same sound each time they took a step．This was just like "running on a tiny piano with each key playing exactly the same note"，senior study author Richard Mooney，a professor of neurobiology at Duke University，told Live Science．Scientists found that their auditory cortex （听觉皮层）﹣the area of the brain that processes sound ﹣became active at first but decreased its response to the sound after two or three minutes when the mice became familiar with it．" It's almost like they were wearing special headphones that could filter（过滤）out the sound of their own movements．" David Schneider，an assistant professor at the Center for Neutral Science at New York University，told HuffPost．But once the sound changed，their auditory cortex became active again．This suggests that the "sensory filter" in a mouse's brain could help it detect new sounds or abnormal noise in the environment easily after tuning out familiar sounds．"For mice，this is really important，" said Schneider．"They are prey animals，so they really need to be able to listen for a cat creeping up on them，even when they're walking and making noise．Being able to ignore the sounds of one's own movements is likely important for humans as well．But the ability to predict the sounds of our own actions is also important for more complex human behaviors such as speaking or playing an instrument．"When we learn to speak or to play music，we predict what sounds we are going to hear ﹣such as when we prepare to strike keys on a piano ﹣and we compare this to what we actually hear，"explains Schneider．"We use mismatches between expectation and experience to change how we play ﹣and we get better over time because our brain is trying to minimize these errors．"（1）What can be discovered about mice in the experiment？A．Their brain responds inactively to the familiar soundsB．They are able to detect sounds other animals don't notice．C．They cannot identify different sounds except their own footsteps．D．Different areas of their brain are responsible for different sounds．（2）What's the function of the sensory filter？A．Getting used to abnormal or unfamiliar sounds．B．Ignoring the sounds made by our companions．C．Identifying the sounds from a larger environmentD．Being sensitive to the sounds of our own movement．（3）Why can a good symphony conductor immediately recognize it when a wrong note is played？A．He has the ability to match the wrong note with the instrument player．B．He has an intuition that he should ignore the sound of his own movement．C．He has a low expectation and knows where players are likely to make errors．D．He has a good prediction of how each note should be played in the orchestra．（4）What can be inferred from the passage？A．Noise﹣filtering ability ensures us a quiet and undisturbed environment．B．The ability to ignore familiar noises helps to detect potential dangers．C．The activeness of auditory cortex determines our activity performance．D．Sound﹣predicting ability seems not so important for humans as for animals．ection CDirections：Read the passage carefully. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.19．（8分）A．Pronouns offer an insight into whether people see themselves as individuals or as part of a whole．B．If you are speaking in a person context，you're speaking about something that's of relevance to you．C．Their research also found that "we﹣talk" is helpful for resolving conflicts．D．Self﹣centered people are found to be indifferent to many things in society and other people because all their concentration is only on themselves and their needs．E．This analysis of "we﹣talk" suggested that the frequent use of "we" and "us" is linked tohappier and healthier relationships．F．They found that too much "I﹣talk" was an accurate linguistic marker for the likelihood that someone is feeling stressed or experiencing negative emotions．Building a lasting social relationshipWe all know that friends are special people who we share our lives with，and who share their lives with us in return．But seeking friends and keeping the friendship going are never easy．According to research recently published in the Journal of Social and Personal Relationships，the key is to use "we﹣talk"．Led by University of California psychologist Megan Robins and her colleagues the researchers reviewed and analyzed 30 different studies involving over 5，000 participants．（1）．The word "we" moves people from an individual position into a partnership，which makes us more interdependent．" （2）．Word use is a window into what people are thinking and feeling without asking them．" Robbins told Science Daily．（3）．The primary point is that interdependence may bring about supportive and relationship﹣centered behaviors and positive perceptions of the partner﹣﹣especially important in times of stress and disagreement．Contrary to "we﹣talk"，there is "I﹣talk"，which refers to the frequent use of the first ﹣person singular pronouns，such as "I"，"me" and "mine"，when writing or speaking．Earlier this year，researcher analyzed a set of data that came from 4，7000 people in Germany and the US．（4）．As you can see from the two studies，too much "I ﹣talk" can make you feel depressed．But "we﹣talk" can encourage you to become more positive and create a chain effect of healthy interdependence with others．So next time you are talking to a friend，try using more "we﹣talk"．You may find yourself feeling more positive﹣﹣and the effect it will have on your friend will be positive as well．IV. Summary Writing20．（10分）Directions：Read the following passage．Summarize the main idea and the main point（s）of the passage in no more than 60 words．Use your own words as far as possible．When we wake up feeling sleepy and with dark circles under eyes，many of us often think：" I'm going to go to bed earlier tomorrow!" But however determined we are，chances are that we don't stick to our promise．This behavior is called "bedtime procrastination（拖延症）"．According to a study carried out by a group of health psychologists at Utrecht University in the Netherlands in 2014，bedtime procrastination is a common problem．In their study，53 percent of the 2，400 participants said they didn't follow their sleep schedule，delaying it atleast twice a week．It's found that they delayed bedtime not because they liked to stay up late，but they couldn't stop doing other unimportant things，which were keeping them up in the first place．"People who generally have trouble resisting temptations and sticking to their intentions are more likely to delay going to bed．" Floor Kroese，a psychologist at Utrecht University，further explained to HuffPost．Yet，according to scientists，lack of self﹣control is not the only thing to blame．Our body clock also plays an important role when it comes to bed time．In order to check the influence of the body clock on sleep，psychologists at Ulm University in Germany studied the sleep patterns of 108 people in February．It was found that those who get up late are more likely to postpone their bedtime than those who wake early every morning．"The intention to go to bed earlier is not enough，" Jane Kuhnel，a psychologist at Ulm University，concluded in Popular Science．"Biological processes need to support this intention．"People always think that bedtime procrastination isn't a big problem，but as Kroese told Popular Science，"the choices we make that affect out sleep could turn out to be pretty important for our health．"V. TranslationDirections：Translate the following sentences into English，using the words given in the brackets.21．（5分）无论幸福的定义如何变化，人们永远不会放弃追求幸福的权利．（right）22．（5分）在团队精神的鼓舞下，研究小组的每个成员都为新项目做出了自己的贡献．（contribution）23．（5分）越来越多年轻人遭受着精神问题的困扰，这是由日益加增的生活压力造成的．24．（5分）在人类身上使用基因编辑技术是非常危险的．它不仅违背了医学伦理道德，并且可能产生无法预知的后果．（Not）VI. Guided Writing25．（20分）Directions：Write an English composition in 120﹣150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese．请简要描述图片，并结合生活实际谈谈你的看法．2019年上海市杨浦区高考英语一模试卷参考答案与试题解析I. Listening Comprehension1．【解答】略2．【解答】略3．【解答】略4．【解答】略5．【解答】略6．【解答】略7．【解答】略8．【解答】略9．【解答】略10．【解答】略11．【解答】略12．【解答】略13．【解答】略II. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections：After reading the passage below，fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word，fill in each with the proper form of the given word；for the other blanks，use one word that best fits each blank.14．【解答】1．although．考查连词，although引导让步状语从句，虽然提高了精神警觉，故填although．2．What，考查连词，该句是what引导的主语从句，因为从句中缺少主语，故填what．3．none．考查代词，没有一种咖啡因被发现，表示没有任何一种，故填none．4．growing．考查非谓语，grow与plant之间是动宾关系，故填growing作后置定语，故填growing．5．As．考查连词，as引导定语从句，翻译成"正如，正像"，故填as．6．Known．考查非谓语，be known as：被称为，作为..被熟知，这里是过去分词做状语，故填known．7．above．考查介词，海平线1000米以上，故填above．8．are exploring．考查时态，根据now可知使用现在进行时，主语是复数，故填are exploring．9．to be bred．考查语态，to do这里表将来，将来被培育的新品种，故填to be bred．10．has been reported．考查时态，但是没有报道任何进展，因为是进展做主语，故使用被动，表示动作的持续，故填has been reported．III. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections：For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A，B，C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.15．【解答】1﹣15 ABCDC ADACD CBABC1．A．副词的辨析，simply简单地，definitely绝对地，generally一般而言，randomly随意地，Mann只是指出书的重要性而已，故答案为A．2．B．名词的辨析，backgrounds背景，advantages优点，requirements要求，development 发展，研究表明成长中有更多书的人更有可能有教育上的优势，故答案为B．3．C．动词的辨析，estimated估计，examined检测，tested试验，investigated调查，接着这些人被测试他们的文化和计算机能力等，故答案为C．4．D．动词的辨析，changes改变，alters改变，shifts改变，varies各异，研究表明家庭里的藏书不同国家间各异，故答案为D．5．C．短语的辨析，By comparison相比之下，As a result结果，For instance例如，In total 总共，一下列举了不同国家的例子，故答案为C．6．A．名词的辨析，effects影响，expenses费用，inputs输入，contributions贡献，家庭的藏书对文化总的影响还是很大的，故答案为A．7．D．形容词的辨析，higher更高的，lower更低的，average平均的，similar相似的，研究者发现受教育低但家里书很多的人跟教育程度高但书少的人获得的分数很相近，故答案为D．8．A．短语的辨析，make up for弥补，break up with分离，live up to履行，catch up with 赶上，年轻的时候读书能弥补文化上和计算能力上的缺点，故答案为A．9．C．形容词的辨析，senior年老的，essential必要的，equal平等的，familiar熟悉的，此处指读书对人的影响等同于另外的受教育年限，故答案为C．10．D．名词的辨析，addition另外，engagement约定，devotion致力，exposure接触，此处指早期在家里的成长接触书是非常重要的，故答案为D．11．C．动词的辨析，prove证明，demonstrate展示，enhance增强，acquire习得，书对于增强人们一生的认知能力是有必要的，故答案为C．12．B．形容词的辨析，relevant相关的，crucial决定性的，opposite相反的，compulsory 义务的，这些能力对于将来的发展具有关键性的作用，故答案为B．13．A．动词的辨析，weaken变弱，highlight强调，overestimate评价过高，reflect反映，毫无疑问我们现在生活的数码时代会使纸质书的重要性变弱，故答案为A．14．B．副词的辨析，therefore所以，however然而，otherwise不然的话，likewise同样地，前后句子构成转折的关系，故答案为B．15．C．动词的辨析，enjoy享受，obtain获得，maintain保持，reduce减少，直到现在，书似乎还是对人有积极的作用，故答案为C．Section BDirections：Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A，B，C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.16．【解答】1．A．词义猜测题．根据文章第一段内容，"Don't tell anyone"．We hear these words when someone tells a secret to us．But it can be hard to keep a secret．We're often tempted to "spill the beans "，even if we regret it later．"不要告诉任何人"．当有人告诉我们一个秘密时，我们会听到这些话．但是很难保守秘密．即使我们后来后悔了，我们也经常想把保守的秘密透露出去，结合选项，故选A．2．D．细节题．根据文章第三段内容，People entrusted with secrets can suffer from depression，anxiety，and body aches．知道他人秘密、替他人保守秘密的人会患上抑郁症、焦虑症和身体疼痛．．结合选项，故选D．3．D．推理题．根据文章最后一段内容，Shah said that to judge whether to tell someone a secret，you'd better put yourself in their position．Think about how you would feel to be told that you mustn't give the information away．由此可知，沙阿Shah 说，要判断是否要告诉别人一个秘密，你最好把自己放在他们的位置上．想想当别人告诉你不要泄露这些信息时你会有什么感觉，要从自己的感受中体会到保守一个秘密的难度，结合选项，故选D．4．D．主旨题．根据文章内容，主要讲述了每个人都有秘密，每个人都会替别人保守秘密，可是心中的秘密过多是对身体不好的，会造成压力．同时秘密也不可能被永远保守，只要是发生了的事情总是会被他人知道的．结合选项，故选D．17．【解答】1．D．推理判断题．根据文章倒数第二段We've pre﹣loaded your shopping list so that you can quickly buy all your ingredients for this menu in one go．可知，该网站是购买食材的，故我们在网站上找不到财富管理部分．故选D．2．C．细节理解题．根据 1 pm Baste the turkey，pour in the white wine and nestle cabbage wedges around the bird．以及1.30 pm Check the turkey﹣take out to rest if the internal temperature has reached 65C可知，烤火鸡需要1.5小时．故选C．3．B．细节理解题．根据倒数第二段Just click below to be taken to your shopping list，where you can buy all your ingredients from your preferred supermarket，and remove any ingredients as needed，and even print the list，to use direct when shopping．可知，自动生成的购物清单仅供用户参考．故选B．18．【解答】1．A．细节理解题．根据倒数第四段的句子：This suggests that the "sensory filter"in a mouse's brain could help it detect new sounds or abnormal noise in the environment easily after tuning out familiar sounds．这表明老鼠大脑中的"感觉过滤器"可以帮助它在排除熟悉的声音后，很容易地检测到新的声音或环境中的异常噪音．所以A选项他们的大脑对熟悉的声音反应迟钝．是实验的结果，故选A．2．C．推理判断题．根据倒数第五段的句子：It's almost like they were wearing special headphones that could filter（过滤）out the sound of their own movements这就像他们戴着特殊的耳机，可以过滤掉自己运动的声音．可见这种过滤器可以识别大环境中的声音，所以选C．3．D．推理判断题．根据倒数第二段句子；Being able to ignore the sounds of one's own movements is likely important for humans as well．But the ability to predict the sounds of our own actions is also important．能够忽略自己动作的声音对人类来说也很重要．但是预测自己动作声音的能力对于更复杂的人类行为来说也很重要，可见一个好的指挥家对在管弦乐队中如何演奏每个音符有很好的预测．故选D．4．B．推理判断题．着时间的推移，根据第一段句子：You're walking down a quiet street and suddenly you hear some footsteps．Undoubtedly ，it means that there's someone around．But have you ever wonder why it occurs to us that it's someone else's footsteps ，not ours？你走在一条安静的街道上，突然听到一些脚步声．毫无疑问，这意味着周围有人．但你有没有想过为什么我们会想到这是别人的脚步声，而不是我们的？可以判断出。

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