贵州省贵阳市高考英语一轮 课时作业(二十一) Unit 1 Great scientists 新人教版必修5
贵阳市2014高考英语（新人教版）一轮阅读训练（21）附答案课时作业(二十一) [必修5 Unit 1 Great scientists](限时：35分钟)阅读理解A study now lends support to the idea that mealtime distractions(分散注意) can mask the clues that we really have eaten quite enough. Moreover, it finds, the caloric fallout of not paying attention to what we're eating doesn't necessarily end when a meal is over.Rose Cooper from England, and her colleagues gathered 22 men and an equal number of women for an experiment. Each person dined alone, continuously receiving nine small shares of food items. These ranged from cheese twists and potato chips to carrots, cherry tomatoes and sandwiches or sausage rolls.Because the goal was to test the potential impacts of distraction on fullness, the researchers randomly assigned half of the participants to eat in front of a computer—and to gain as many wins as possible at the “card” game. Everyone else was told to focus on the sensory qualities of their meal.According to their instructions, the participants ate all of the food given to them. Yet people who played a computer game during lunch found their meal less filling than the mindful eaters had. Game players also swallow down twice as many cookies, almost an hour later, when they were allowed all the dessert they wanted( in the name of a taste test)．The British scientists present their findings in the February edition of The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition.The real question is why distracted eating should impact snacking.It appears, the scientists say, that memory plays some tricky role in how we register what we eat and the degree to which it satisfies.Interestingly, eight years ago, Britta Barkeling of Huddinge University in Stockholm and her colleagues reported somewhat related findings.Their 18 overweight subjects had no choice other than to get rid of everything but lunch, on one day—because they were blindfolded. Compared to a day when they could view what theywere dining on, these people consumed only three quarters as many calories. Yet even hours afterward, they reported being no less full than on the day they had been able to see their plates.Of course dining in the dark isn't practical. And sometimes what we eat doesn't really invite our absolute attention. But there is certainly a growing mountain of data indicating that mindless eating is a waste of resources, a risk to our waistlines—and a costly threat to health.36．Rose Cooper and her colleagues did the experiment in order to ________．A．show that all the people enjoy snacksB．prove that playing computer games is harmful while diningC．find possible effects of distraction on fullnessD．test the impacts of eating snacks on different people37．Which is the most effective way to concentrate on your food when dining?A．Viewing your food.B．Blindfolding your eyes.C．Playing computer games.D．Eating by oneself.38．The reason why distracted eating influences snacking may be that ________．A．you eat less in that caseB．you are cheated by your memoryC．you have consumed more caloriesD．you digest what you've eaten faster39．We can conclude from the passage that ________．A．distracted eating may damage your healthB．eating snacks will make you feel fullC．Britta became famous because of the experimentD．playing is more important than what we eatⅣ.短文填词In Grade Eight I took physics. In one test I got only 36 percent of the answers 40.c________. I failed the next one, too. I started to think that maybe I 41.________not good at it. However, I was 42.l________ enough to have a teacher 43.________ did not take my bad grades as a 44.________ (判断) of my abilities, but simply as an indication that I should study harder. He pulled me aside and 45.t________ me that he knew I could do better. He 46.p________ me to retake the test, and I pulled my grade to an A. This is 47.________ I discovered: just because a 48.________ (科目)is difficult to learn, it does not 49.m________ you are not good at it.参考答案课时作业(二十一)Ⅲ.有研究表明，吃饭时分散注意力会导致吃得更多，从而影响身心健康。
那事实是不是这样呢？让我们从文章中寻找答案。
36．C 推理判断题。
从第三段中的“Because the goal was to test the potential impacts of distraction on fullness …”可知，实验的目的在于找出注意力的分散对饮食饱胀感的影响，所以选C项。
37．B 推理判断题。
从文章倒数第二段的内容可知，吃饭集中精力的最好的方法是罩住眼睛，选B项。
38．B 细节理解题。
从文章倒数第三段的内容可知，吃零食时分散注意力会对吃零食产生影响的原因是：你会被你印象中自己吃了多少东西欺骗，故选B项。
39．A 细节理解题。
根据文章最后一句可知，吃饭时分散注意力最终会影响人们的健康，所以选A项。
Ⅳ.40.correct 41.was 42.lucky 43.who/that44．judgement/judgment 45.told 46.persuaded/permitted47．what 48.subject 49.mean(7)(25 min.)(2012·醴陵月考)几个月后你将从这里毕业，迈向新的征程。
高考英语一轮总复习 课时作业21 Unit1 Great scientists 新人教版必修5
课时作业(二十一) 必修5 Unit 1 Great scientists Ⅰ.单项填空1．(2012·太原模考)—My teacher says she’s cancelling the class play.I just can’t understnad.—________.You were looking forward to it.A．It doesn’t matter B．It’s very unwise of herC．Don’t worry about it D．You must be disappointed2．—Your father s peaks German fluently.—Sure.He________in Germany for three years when he was young.A．was working B．has workedC．worked D．would work3．One of our rules is that every worker________arrive at the company by 8∶00 am on weekdays.A．shall B．canC．may D．will4．With the problem becoming worse，the government is searching for away to________it.A．arrange B．includeC．apply D．handle5．Don’t walk alone in the street after dark in this city，or you might get________.A．to be attacked B．to attackC．attacked D．attacking6．—Who is________the traffic accident?—The bus driver.He was driving after drinking.A．blamed for B．to be blamed forC．blaming for D．to blame for7．The news has excited all of us________the Shenzhou9 manned spacecraft was successfully launched.A．that B．whatC．whether D．which8．Only if you care for and help those less fortunate________your life becomes meaningful.A．you can feel B．can you feel9．Those students，often________to heavy stress，tend to develop mental problems.A．exposing B．being exposedC．to exposed D．exposed10．As most of their houses were badly damaged after the earthquake，many people had to be________in a stadium.A．put forward B．put upC．put out D．put a way11．Finding information in today’s wor ld is easy.The________is how you can tell if the information you get is useful or not.A．ability B．competitionC．challenge D．knowledge12．—Could you please help me with this problem?—Certainly.First of all，let’s________the problem and see what went wrong.A．analyse B．examineC．inspect D．survey13．My English teacher，who is strict________us，contributes some articles________the newspaper every month.A．with；to B．with；forC．in；to D．in；for14．When I opened the door，I found my father sitting in his chair，completely________a magazine.A．absorbing in B．absorbed inC．absorbing to D．absorbed with15．Every year，many leaders in different fields________the meeting held in Boao，Hainan for the development of Asia.A．attend B．joinC．join in D．attend toⅡ.完形填空[建议用时15′] (2013·西安第一次质量检测)A man died and was on his way to another__1__，either the heaven or the hell.He saw an extremely__2__palace halfway and the owner of the palace__3__him to stay and live in the palace.The man said，“I have been working__4__during my life and now I just want to eat and sleep__5__any work.”The owner of the palace said，“__6__，there is nowhere else better than herewithout anyone__8__you.__9__，you can rest assured (放心) that__10__needs to be done by you.” Then，the man settled down in the palace.At the beginning，the man felt very__11__at the rotation (轮流) of eating and sleeping.But__12__，he felt a bit lonely and empty.So he went to the owner and groaned，“It is very__13__to live by just eating and sleeping every day.Now I show no__14__in this kind of life any more.Could you help me find a__15__？”The owner replied，“__16__，there is no job here at all.”After another several months，the man could not__17__the present life and went to the owner__18__，“I really could not stand this sort of life any more.If you do not offer me a job，I would__19__to g o to the hell instead of living here.”The owner of the palace smiled contemptuously (轻蔑地)，“Do you think it is heaven here？It is__20__the hell！”,1.A.world B．houseC．home D．hospital2．A.summer B．fairytaleC．royal D．splendid3．A.asked B．warnedC．forced D．demanded4．fortably B．hardC．honestly D．happily5．A.apart from B．besidesC．without D．with6．A.If any B．If soC．If necessary D．If possible7．A.jewels B．tastesC．books D．food8．A.stopping B．droppingC．noticing D．meeting9．A.However B．OtherwiseC．Anyway D．Moreover10．A.anything B．everythingC．nothing D．something11．A.surprised B．happyC．mad D．frightened12．A.easily B．carefully13．A.strange B．enjoyableC．boring D．relaxing14．A.interest B．trustC．patience D．curiosity15．A.partner B．wayC．meaning D．job16．A.That’s right B．Cheer upC．Sorry D．Never mind17．A.bear B．loseC．handle D．risk18．A.indeed B．alreadyC．always D．again19．A.hope B．preferC．promise D．expect20．A.no longer B．alsoC．actually D．stillⅢ.七选五(2013·河南省南阳市部分示范高中期中考试)A major source of teen stress is school exams，and test anxiety is not uncommon.When you recognize your t een is under stress，how can parents help your teen stay calm before an exam?Be involved.Parents need to be involved in their teen’s work.__1__What they look for is your presence—to talk，to cry，or simply to sit with them municate ope nly with your teen.Encourage your teen to express her worries and fears，but don’ t let them focus on those fears.Help them get organized.__2__Together，you and your teen can work out a schedule in which she can study for what she knows will be on the test.Provide a calm environment.Help your teen set up a quiet place to study and protect his privacy (隐私)．Give them a nutritious diet.It is important for your teen to eat a healthy，balanced diet during exam times to focus and do her best.__3__If this happens，encourage your teen to eat light meals or sandwiches.A healthy diet，rather than junk food，is best for reducing stress.__4__Persuade your teenager to get some sleep and/or do something active when she needs a real break from studying.Making time for relaxation，fun, and exercisewill feel comfortable taking time out from studying to spend time with friends or rest.Show a positive attitude.__5__Your panic，anxiety and blame contribute to your teen’s pressure.Make your teen feel accepted and valued for her efforts.Most importantly，reassure (安慰) your teen that things will be all right, no matter what the results are.A．A parent’s attitude will influence their teen’s emotions.B．Exam stress can make some teens lose their appetite (a desire for food)．C．They will only make the situation worse.D．Encourage your teen to relax.E．The best thing is simply to listen.F．Help your teen think about what she has to study and plan accordingly.G．Your teen may also make negative comments about themselves.Ⅳ.短文改错(2013·银川、吴忠部分中学高三联考) My spare time is full of interested activities.I read all kinds of books in the reading room whenever I am free.I learn much in the library than in class in this way.Meanwhile，I participated in many sports activities，of that my favorite is volleyball.I often play volleyball after the school.Sports and games keep me healthy and energetic enough to get across a variety of difficulties.Sometime I go in for social practice with my classmates outside school.Thus，I can gain much social experiences.Outofclass activities are quite necessary for our students.Through these activities we can learn many things can not be learned in class.答案：课时作业(二十一)Ⅰ.单项填空1．解析：考查交际用语。
贵州省贵阳市2014高考英语一轮 课时作业(二十一) Unit 1 Great scientists 新人教版必修5
贵阳市2014高考英语（新人教版）一轮阅读训练（21）附答案课时作业(二十一) [必修5 Unit 1 Great scientists](限时：35分钟)阅读理解A study now lends support to the idea that mealtime distractions(分散注意) can mask the clues that we really have eaten quite enough. Moreover, it finds, the caloric fallout of not paying attention to what we're eating doesn't necessarily end when a meal is over.Rose Cooper from England, and her colleagues gathered 22 men and an equal number of women for an experiment. Each person dined alone, continuously receiving nine small shares of food items. These ranged from cheese twists and potato chips to carrots, cherry tomatoes and sandwiches or sausage rolls.Because the goal was to test the potential impacts of distraction on fullness, the researchers randomly assigned half of the participants to eat in front of a computer—and to gain as many wins as possible at the “card” game. Everyone else was told to focus on the sensory qualities of their meal.According to their instructions, the participants ate all of the food given to them. Yet people who played a computer game during lunch found their meal less filling than the mindful eaters had. Game players also swallow down twice as many cookies, almost an hour later, when they were allowed all the dessert they wanted( in the name of a taste test)．The British scientists present their findings in the February edition of The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition.The real question is why distracted eating should impact snacking.It appears, the scientists say, that memory plays some tricky role in how we register what we eat and the degree to which it satisfies.Interestingly, eight years ago, Britta Barkeling of Huddinge University in Stockholm and her colleagues reported somewhat related findings.Their 18 overweight subjects had no choice other than to get rid of everything but lunch, on one day—because they were blindfolded. Compared to a day when they could view what theywere dining on, these people consumed only three quarters as many calories. Yet even hours afterward, they reported being no less full than on the day they had been able to see their plates.Of course dining in the dark isn't practical. And sometimes what we eat doesn't really invite our absolute attention. But there is certainly a growing mountain of data indicating that mindless eating is a waste of resources, a risk to our waistlines—and a costly threat to health.36．Rose Cooper and her colleagues did the experiment in order to ________．A．show that all the people enjoy snacksB．prove that playing computer games is harmful while diningC．find possible effects of distraction on fullnessD．test the impacts of eating snacks on different people37．Which is the most effective way to concentrate on your food when dining?A．Viewing your food.B．Blindfolding your eyes.C．Playing computer games.D．Eating by oneself.38．The reason why distracted eating influences snacking may be that ________．A．you eat less in that caseB．you are cheated by your memoryC．you have consumed more caloriesD．you digest what you've eaten faster39．We can conclude from the passage that ________．A．distracted eating may damage your healthB．eating snacks will make you feel fullC．Britta became famous because of the experimentD．playing is more important than what we eatⅣ.短文填词In Grade Eight I took physics. In one test I got only 36 percent of the answers 40.c________. I failed the next one, too. I started to think that maybe I 41.________not good at it. However, I was 42.l________ enough to have a teacher 43.________ did not take my bad grades as a 44.________ (判断) of my abilities, but simply as an indication that I should study harder. He pulled me aside and 45.t________ me that he knew I could do better. He 46.p________ me to retake the test, and I pulled my grade to an A. This is 47.________ I discovered: just because a 48.________ (科目)is difficult to learn, it does not 49.m________ you are not good at it.参考答案课时作业(二十一)Ⅲ.有研究表明，吃饭时分散注意力会导致吃得更多，从而影响身心健康。
高考英语一轮复习 课时作业(二十一) Unit1 Great scientists 新人教版必修5
课时作业(二十一) [必修5 Unit 1 Great scientists](限时：30分钟)Ⅰ.完形填空A young man waited at a stop light. In front of him was a woman going through papers on the seat of her car and when the light changed to green, she didn't go.A green light is not a __1__， you know. It is more of a demand. But she didn't__2__．When the light turned red again, she still had not __3__ her car. The man now started __4__ and beating his steering wheel.A policeman tapped on his windshield (挡风玻璃). He asked for his __5__，returned to his car, talked on the radio, and finally handed it back. The driver protested, “I knew you couldn't __6__ me for shouting in my own car！”The officer replied, “I didn't want to __7__ you of that. But I was directly behind you. I saw you screaming, and I said to myself, ‘That man is out of __8__. He's going to hurt someone！’”“Then I noticed the cross __9__ from your rear view mirror, the bright yellow ‘Love Is a Choice’ license tag, and the ‘Give __10__ a Chance’ bumper sticker (保险杠标签), and I am sure you must have stolen the car.”His behavior did not __11__ his bumper sticker. But let's not be too __12__. Are we always the people we want to be? We make __13__ all the life. Personal change can happen when the person we at present are does not yet __14__ the person we hope to be. Better to set high ideals and __15__ fall short than to settle for mediocrity (平庸).The important question is not, “Who are you today？” It is better to ask, “Who will you be tomorrow？”1．A.mark B．suggestionC．warning D．symbol2．A.observe B．followC．aware D．notice3．A.moved B．reachedC．repaired D．left4．A.crying B．confusingC．screaming D．complaining5．A.passport B．licenseC．address D．name6．A.arrest B．suspectC．charge D．criticize7．A.remind B．accuseC．inform D．appeal8．A.control B．patienceC．anger D．despair9．A.sticking B．hangingC．lying D．tying10．A.Peace B．DesireC．Anxiety D．Courage11．municate B．representC．reflect D．express12．A.horrible B．criticalC．curious D．serious13．A.decisions B．mistakesC．promises D．changes14．A.resemble B．admireC．respect D．differ15．A.endlessly B．neverC．sometimes D．seldomⅡ.阅读理解AWomen should not drink any alcohol during pregnancy. A report released by NICE says if they must drink, they should not do so in the first three months and should limit consumption to one or two ounces once or twice a week afterwards. It replaces previous guidance of saying small daily amounts were fine.NICE decided to tighten its guidance partly because of the concern that people are now drinking more than in the past. Previous draft guidance suggested women should drink an ounce of alcohol a day once they were past the first three months of pregnancy. The Department of Health in England changed its guidance last year, calling for no drinking while pregnant or while trying to get pregnant.Drinking heavily in pregnancy can cause fetal alcohol syndrome(酒精综合症), which can leave children with features like small heads, widely spaced eyes and behavior or learning problems.The experts said there was no evidence that several ounces once or twice a week would do any harm to the baby but could not categorically rule out(排除)any risk.National Childbirth Trust agreed women should limit their drinking during pregnancy. “Pregnant wome n who have had a few drinks often worry a great deal about whether they have harmed their baby. In general, it is believed that if a light infrequent drinker, in good health, drinks to the point of drunkenness on one occasion, the risk to her baby is small.”NICE also made a number of other recommendations for the care of women in the UK who were pregnant or planning to get pregnant. It said vitamin D and folicacid(叶酸)supplements should be offered by health staff to help avoid conditions such as rickets(佝偻病)and spina bifida(脊椎裂). Officials called for local health bosses to ensure equal support plans where mothers encourage new parents to breastfeed are set up. NICE also called for improvements in the care of pregnant women with diabetes(糖尿病). About 20，000 pregnancies each year are affected by diabetes and, therefore, carry higher risk of miscarriage(流产)and stillbirth(死产). The guidance said women should get access to advice and support, inparticular to achieve good blood sugar control before they get pregnant.16．What is the advice made by the Department of Health on drinking alcohol during pregnancy?A．Little in the first three months and a gradual increase afterwards.B．An ounce a day after the first three months.C．No drinking for pregnant women.D．Those who drink regularly need not worry about the harm to their babies.17．What's the meaning of the underlined wor d “categorically” in Paragraph 4?A．Honestly.B．Absolutely.C．Physically.D．Doubtfully.18．According to the passage, miscarriage is caused most probably by ________.A．the lack of vitamin D and folic acidB．rickets and spina bifidaC．the lack of doctors' advice and supportD．diabetes19．National Childbirth Trust found that ________.A．a pregnant woman drinking alcohol infrequently has little risk to her baby B．pregnant women who drink a little occasionally are always afraid of the effectsC．there is no evidence that a pregnant woman drinking alcohol might harm her babyD．getting drunk once won't harm the baby20．In this passage, the author mainly intends to ________.A．show NICE's new guidance on pregnant women's alcohol drinking and its advice for the care of pregnant womenB．warn pregnant women against any alcohol during pregnancyC．show the present situation of pregnant women's drinking limitD．call for more care for pregnant women in societyBHe is regarded as having one of the brightest minds on the planet. But outstanding astrophysicist(天体物理学家) Stephen Hawking has admitted that he did not learn to read until he was eight years old.In a public lecture at the Royal Albert Hall，Professor Hawking also admitted that he was not active in studying while at Oxford University，where he studied physics，and that only the diagnosis that he might die young from motor neurone(神经元) disease made him concentrate on his work.Professor Hawking said: “My sister Philippa could read by the age of 4 but then she was definitely brighter than me.”He said that he was unexceptional at school and was never further than halfway up his class.“My classwork was very untidy，and my handwriting was the despair of my teachers，”he said.“But my classmates gave me the nickname Einstein，so presumably they saw signs of something better.”But he said that it was when doctors told him that he probably only had a few years to live at the age of 21 that galvanized him into focusing on his work and a period of productivity that resulted in some of his early breakthroughs. He said，“When you are faced with the possibility of an early death，it makes you realize that life is worth living and there are lots of things you want to do.”21. Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage?A．Stephen Hawking is the second Einstein in the world.B．Stephen Hawking couldn't read at the age of 7.C．Stephen Hawking's handwriting was once terribly bad.D．Stephen Hawking's sister once performed much better than him.22. We can infer that Stephen Hawking was ________when he was a child and studied in Oxford University.A．clever B．lazy C．bright D．mean23. What made Stephen Hawking devote himself to his work?A．Patience. B．Knowledge.C．Disease. D．Laziness.24. What can we learn from the last paragraph?A．Stephen Hawking didn't realize his dreams in physics.B．It was possible for Hawking to face the early death.C．The purpose of the doctor's diagnosis was to encourage him to work hard.D．His life might be taken away by long hard work.25. From whom did Hawking get a relatively just estimation when he was at school?A．His sister. B．His classmates.C．His teachers. D．His parents.课时作业(二十一)Ⅰ.1.B 考查名词辨析。
(新)高考英语一轮复习方案作业手册21Unit1Greatscientists含解析新人教版必修5
课时作业(二十一) [必修5 Unit 1 Great scientists](限时：35分钟)Ⅰ.单项填空1．We all feel it is Jack as well as his wife that ________ for their son's bad performance at school.A．are to blame B．is to be blamedC．are to be blamed D．is to blame2．The workers will go on strike if the demands they ________ are turned down.A．put aside B．put throughC．put forward D．put away3．[2012·辽宁卷] Rod loves ________ clocks. However, he never manages to put them together again.A．taking apart B．giving awayC．making up D．turning off4．Only after he had spent several nights working on the maths problem ________to wonder whether the problem was wrongly set.A．he began B．that he beganC．he did begin D．did he begin5．My brother is shy，so it is a great ________ for him to sing in front of the judges and audience.A．honour B．benefitC．characteristic D．challenge6．Children ________ to difficult situations are better at handling those ________ tasks.A．exposing; challenging B．exposed; challengedC．exposed; challenging D．exposing; challenged7．Since the ________ of the disease，90 patients have been confirmed to have the illness and another 35 suspected patients are still under examination.A．outbreak B．reactionC．analysis D．response8．He must have been very unlucky________．A．to be rejected B．to have been rejectedC．being rejected D．having been rejected9．________ good service, the restaurant offers different kinds of traditional Shandong Cuisine.A．Far from B．Regardless ofC．Instead of D．Apart from10．—Do we have to wear our school uniforms tomorrow?—I think so. We ________ the comingofage ceremony in the afternoon.A．will be attending B．have attendedC．attend D．attended11．Don't stop ________ you meet with a word you don't understand while reading.A．at the time B．each timeC．by the time D．sometimes12．After talking with his father for about half an hour, he felt better and began to know how to ________this kind of situation.A．strengthen B．exploreC．handle D．arrange13．—What's the central idea of the passage，Bob?—Sorry，I can't make ________ of it. It's beyond my ability.A．judgement B．understandingC．idea D．sense14．The man，suspected ________having stolen the jewels of the shop，was missing last night，although he was watched over by the police.A．of B．for C．about D．with15．—Honey, I'd like to go to South Africa for the World Cup this weekend.—________You must help me with the decoration of the house.A．Forget it! B．That's great!C．Why? D．Go ahead.Ⅱ.完形填空I wanted to be just like those big kids I saw wearing their medals and carrying their ribbons(绶带)．So I__16__the crosscountry team at my school.However，I was very slow in the team.In races，I would finish almost__17__．I'd always have to__18__in the longer races.The__19__races and at least 100 people competing in it made me really__20__．Every time I stopped，10 people would__21__me.But I still couldn't push myself to keep going，even though I__22__watching them go by me.After every race，I'd go home and burst into tears.Then one of my friends joined the crosscountry team，too.She never got tired and didn't get cramp(抽筋)in her legs.I just didn't understand how that was__23__！I'd been running much longer than she had，but she could run__24__while I had to suffer.She even came 8th in a big race with over 200 people in it! My__25__was lower than ever and I wanted to quit badly.I didn't，__26__．Even a whole month before a race，I'd get so nervous that I felt like I might give up.Still，I__27__to quit.I still had that__28__appearing in my mind and I hung on to it.Finally，I realized the reason why the bigger races made me so nervous was that I was always worried that I wasn't__29__for them.I started to practice at home almost every day.I__30__a plan that had me running almost three kilometers every day，which helped me build up a steady__31__．When the time came for the big race，all the practice really__32__．I stopped only once and my pace was much better.I was__33__of myself for sticking with it even though it was really hard and I'd even wanted to quit.I showed myself that I was__34__enough to keep going.That was what made me feel good about myself and gave me confidence.The next time I'm faced with a tough__35__，I will know that I can take it up.None of this would ever have happened if I had quitted!16．A.liked B．admiredC．supported D．joined17．A.best B．first C．last D．least18．A.stop B．rest C．breathe D．suffer19．A.exciting B．tiringC．interesting D．disturbing20．A.nervous B．frightenedC．sad D．angry21．A.help B．encourageC．leave D．pass22．A.missed B．hated C．avoided D．escaped23．A.equal B．reasonableC．fair D．tolerable24．A.quickly B．easilyC．happily D．hopefully25．A.strength B．demandC．goal D．confidence26．A.yet B．either C．though D．still27．A.refused B．decided C．failed D．wanted28．A.lesson B．faith C．future D．picture29．A.suitable B．activeC．ready D．well30．A.took out B．mapped outC．figured out D．let out31．A.pace B．race C．will D．level32．A.set off B．paid off C．got off D．took off33．A.sure B．aware C．proud D．afraid34．A.strong B．patient C．steady D．devoted35．A.job B．sportC．competition D．challengeⅢ.阅读理解A study now lends support to the idea that mealtime distractions(分散注意) can mask the clues that we really have eaten quite enough. Moreover, it finds, the caloric fallout of not paying attention to what we're eating doesn't necessarily end when a meal is over.Rose Cooper from England, and her colleagues gathered 22 men and an equal number of women for an experiment. Each person dined alone, continuously receiving nine small shares of food items. These ranged from cheese twists and potato chips to carrots, cherry tomatoes and sandwiches or sausage rolls.Because the goal was to test the potential impacts of distraction on fullness, the researchers randomly assigned half of the participants to eat in front of a computer—and to gain as many wins as possible at the “card” game. Everyone else was told to focus on the sensory qualities of their meal.According to their instructions, the participants ate all of the food given to them. Yet people who played a computer game during lunch found their meal less filling than the mindful eaters had. Game players also swallow down twice as many cookies, almost an hour later, when they were allowed all the dessert they wanted( in the name of a taste test)．The British scientists present their findings in the February edition of The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition.The real question is why distracted eating should impact snacking.It appears, the scientists say, that memory plays some tricky role in how we register what we eat and the degree to which it satisfies.Interestingly, eight years ago, Britta Barkeling of Huddinge University in Stockholm and her colleagues reported somewhat related findings.Their 18 overweight subjects had no choice other than to get rid of everything but lunch, on one day—because they were blindfolded. Compared to a day when they could view what they were dining on, these people consumed only three quarters as many calories. Yet even hours afterward, they reported being no less full than on the day they had been able to see their plates.Of course dining in the dark isn't practical. And sometimes what we eat doesn't really invite our absolute attention. But there is certainly a growing mountain of data indicating that mindless eating is a waste of resources, a risk to our waistlines—and a costly threat to health.36．Rose Cooper and her colleagues did the experiment in order to ________．A．show that all the people enjoy snacksB．prove that playing computer games is harmful while diningC．find possible effects of distraction on fullnessD．test the impacts of eating snacks on different people37．Which is the most effective way to concentrate on your food when dining?A．Viewing your food.B．Blindfolding your eyes.C．Playing computer games.D．Eating by oneself.38．The reason why distracted eating influences snacking may be that ________．A．you eat less in that caseB．you are cheated by your memoryC．you have consumed more caloriesD．you digest what you've eaten faster39．We can conclude from the passage that ________．A．distracted eating may damage your healthB．eating snacks will make you feel fullC．Britta became famous because of the experimentD．playing is more important than what we eatⅣ.短文填词In Grade Eight I took physics. In one test I got only 36 percent of the answers 40.c________. I failed the next one, too. I started to think that maybe I 41.________ not good at it. However, I was 42.l________ enough to have a teacher 43.________ did not take my bad grades as a 44.________ (判断) of my abilities, but simply as an indication that I should study harder. He pulled me aside and 45.t________ me that he knew I could do better. He 46.p________ me to retake the test, and I pulled my grade to an A. This is 47.________ I discovered: just because a 48.________ (科目)is difficult to learn, it does not 49.m________ you are not good at it.参考答案课时作业(二十一)Ⅰ.1.D 句意：我们都感觉是杰克的妻子还有他自己应该对他们儿子在学校的恶劣行为负责。
高考英语一轮总复习课时作业21Unit1Greatscientists含解析新人教版必修5
课时作业21Ⅰ.阅读理解(2019·康杰中学高三模拟)The year 2018 will mark the 100th anniversary of the deadliest influenza outbreak in history. It is estimated that the influenza pandemic(瘟疫) of 1918 killed more than 50 million people around the world. Other estimates go much higher. Because of a lack of medical recordkeeping, we may never know the exact number.The influenza was a fast killer. Some victims died within hours of their first symptoms. Others died after a few days. “Their lungs fil led with liquid and they choked to death.”The 1918 flu pandemic was also different from other outbreaks. It struck many young, healthy people. Viruses usually affect sick or old people.Although modern medicine effectively controls many diseases, influenza remains difficult to protect against. The World Health Organization estimates that every year influenza kills 250,000 to 500,000 people around the world. Each year, medical scientists develop flu vaccines(疫苗) which offer immunity(免疫)from some influenza viruses. But they can only guess which form of the virus will spread.Health officials remain concerned about another flu pandemic. New forms of the flu virus appear regularly. One example was the “swine flu”or H1N1 outbreak in 2009. Anthony Fauci, Director of the National Institute of Infectious Diseases in the United States says that virus caused a true pandemic.To stop the next pandemic, scientists are now researching how to create a universal influenza vaccine. In October 2017, Vanderbilt University Medical Center in the US announced the Universal Influenza Vaccine Initiative. The university said researchers are leading an international effort to develop a universal influenza vaccine that will protect everyone against all forms of the flu anywhere in the world. The university added that researchers will begin tests in early 2018, and the Human Vaccines Project, a publicprivate partnership, is funding the project. However, until a universal influenza vaccine is available, today's seasonal flu vaccine remains important.2018将是历史上最致命的流感爆发的第100周年纪念。
精品(全国通用版)高考英语一轮复习 二十一 必修5 Unit 1 Word版含答案
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课时提升作业二十一必修5Unit 1Great scientists(限时35分钟)Ⅰ. 阅读理解A(2018·河南八市联考) Many of the world’s most well-known people were once successful failures. Here are the stories of a few of them.Abraham Lincoln(1809-1865)Abraham Lincoln was one of America’s greatest leaders, taking the country through the Civil War(from 1860 to 1865). However, his life was never easy. He started numerous businesses that failed. He went bankrupt twice, and was defeated in 26 campaigns for public office. He later said, “My great concern is not whether you have failed, but whether you are content with your failure. ”Vincent Van Gogh(1853-1890)Van Gogh is one of the most famous and influential painters in the history of Western Art. He’s renowned for paintings such as The Starry Night, The Potato Eaters and Sunflowers. However, during hislifetime, Van Gogh sold only one painting for a very small amount of money. Despite this, he carried on painting, sometimes even going without food so he could complete his collection of over 800 known works.Albert Einstein(1879-1955)Albert Einstein won the Noble Prize in Physics in 1921. However, he wasn’t always considered as a “genius”. He didn’t speak unt il he was four, and couldn’t read until he was seven. His teachers and parents thought he was slow, so he was expelled from school and couldn’t get into the Zurich Polytechnic School. He later famously said, “Success is failure in progress. ”Stephen King(born 1947)Stephen King is one of the best-selling authors of all time, but his first book, Carrie, was rejected by about 30 publishers. Eventually, Stephen threw it in the bin, but his wife fished it out and encouraged him to resubmit it, which he did successfully this time!【文章大意】这篇文章主要讲了世界上的许多人在成功之前都遭遇了失败, 并且为我们列举了几个非常有名的人物的例子。
高考英语一轮复习课时作业21《Unit 1 Great scientists》(新人教版必修5江西专用)
课时作业(二十一)[必修5Unit 1 Great scientists][限时：30分钟]Ⅰ.单项填空1．—Daddy，look！Why ________ rainbow is like a bow？—Oh，it is apologizing to ________ angry sky.A．the；an B．a；/C．a；an D．the；the2．What he says makes no ________ to me.A．care B．senseC．interest D．meaning3．With water ________ constantly，the brave soldier jumped into the river to save the drowning villager.A．to rise B．rising C．risen D．rose4．—Can you work out the problem？—I can't ________ you explain how to do it.A．but for B．exceptC．apart from D．unless5．The State Council has ________ a new economic policy on the benefits of the farmers.A．put up B．put forwardC．put off D．put out6．The best way ________ spoken English is to speak more every day.A．of learning B．to learningC．in learning D．about learning7．I feel it is your husband who ________ for the spoiled child.A．is to blame B．is going to blameC．is to be blamed D．should blame8．________ he came in，I recognized him.A．The moment B．ShortlyC．Soon D．Before long9．You should read the ________ in the car repair manual(手册) carefully before you start.A．instructions B．constructionsC．introductions D．explanations10．The Prime Minister ________ by saying that he was satisfied with his visit in China.A．concluded B．conductedC．considered D．confused11．Don't stop ________ you meet with a word you don't understand.A．at the time B．each timeC．by the time D．sometimes12．The police are searching everywhere for Mr.James，who they think is________ to the crime.A．linked B．worried C．united D．mixed13．________of being involved in the attempted murder，she was questioned by the police.A．Convinced B．SuspectedC．Charged D．Confirmed14．________ you eat the correct foods________ be able to keep fit and stay healthy.A．Only if；will you B．Only if；you willC．Unless；will you D．Unless；you will15．—Mom，I'm so tired. I can't walk any further.—________，my dear. You can make it.A．Come on B．No worryC．That's impossible D．No problemⅡ.完形填空John and Mary had a nice home and two lovely children，a boy and a girl. John had a good __16__ and had just been asked to go on a business trip to another city and it was __17__ that Mary needed an outing and would go along too. They __18__ a reliable woman to care for the children and made the __19__，returning home a little earlier than they had planned.__20__ they drove into their home town，they found a home in flames. Mary said，“Oh well，it isn't our fire；let's go home.”__21__ John drove closer and exclaimed (惊叫)，“That home belongs to Fred Jones who works at the plant. He wouldn't be __22__ work yet. Maybe there is something we could do.”John drove up and they were both __23__ to see the whole house in flames. A woman on the lawn was in hysterics __24__，“The children！Get the children！They are in the basement.”__25__ Mary's protests (反对)，John grabbed the water hose and soaked (浸湿)his clothes，put his wet handkerchief on his head and __26__ for the basement which was full of __27__. He found two nearly suffocated (窒息的)children and after carrying them to safety，he asked how many more children were __28__ there. They told him two more and Mary __29__ his arm and screamed，“John！Don't go back！It's __30__！That house will cave in any second！”But he shook her off and went back by __31__ his way down the smoke－filled hallway and into the room. It __32__ a long time before he found both children and started back and at last when they came out into the__33__ and fresh air，he found that he had just __34__ his own children.It turned out that the baby－sitter had __35__ them at this home while she did some shopping.16．A.job B．family C．wife D．boss17．A.known B．believed C．decided D．hoped18．A.asked B．hiredC．intended D．reminded19．A.preparations B．promiseC．decision D．trip20．A.Before B．As C．Once D．Since21．A.And B．So C．Now D．But22．A.off B．on C．out of D．at23．A.heart－broken B．conscience－strickenC．horror－stricken D．poverty－stricken24．A.coughing B．screamingC．whispering D．weeping25．A.Apart from B．In case ofC．Instead of D．In spite of26．A.reached B．searchedC．dashed D．sent27．A.smoke B．darkness C．children D．danger28．A.up B．away C．out D．down29．A.pulled B．took C．grabbed D．held30．A.dangerous B．useless C．over D．stupid31．A.pushing B．feeling C．jumping D．moving32．A.meant B．spared C．spent D．seemed33．A.shade B．sunlight C．shadow D．crowd34．A.helped B．foundC．recognized D．rescued35．A.left B．chargedC．removed D．forgottenⅢ.阅读理解Elizabeth Blackwell was born on February 3，1821 in Bristol，England. Her father was a rich sugar businessman at the time. Because her parents thought boys and girls should be equal，Elizabeth received the same education as her brothers.In 1832，her father's business was destroyed by fire，so her family moved to New York City. But her father's business there failed. Then in 1837，the family moved to Cincinnati，Ohio. Not long after，her father died. After her father's death，Elizabeth，at the age of 16，had to go to work.When she was 24，she visited her dying friend Mary. Her friend said，“You're young and strong，you should become a doctor.” That was nearly impossible for a woman in the middle of the nineteenth century. But she knew this was what she was going to do.After several rejections from medical schools，she finally was accepted by Geneva Medical College. By studying hard，she graduated successfully in 1849.After graduating from medical school，she went to Paris to learn more about medicine. She wanted to be a surgeon，but a serious eye problem forced her to give up the idea.When she returned to America in 1851，she found it difficult to start her own practice because she was a woman. In 1857，Elizabeth and her sister，also a doctor，along with another woman doctor，managed to open a new hospital，the first for women and children. Besides，she also set up the first medical school for women in 1868，where she taught the women students about disease prevention. It was the first time that the idea of preventing disease was taught in a medical school.Elizabeth Blackwell started the British National Health Society in 1871，which helped people learn how to stay healthy. In 1889，Elizabeth Blackwell became the first woman doctor in the United States. Most importantly she fought for the admission of women to medical colleges.Elizabeth Blackwell died on May 3，1910，when she was 89.She opened a world of chances for women. She always fought for what was right in all her life. In 1949 the Blackwell medal wasestablished. It's given to women who have excellent achievements in the field of medicine. She'll always be remembered as a great woman.36．According to the passage，Elizabeth Blackwell ________.A．received bad education in her childhoodB．spent a happy and lucky childhoodC．moved to America with her family at elevenD．decided to be a doctor due to her father's death37．Elizabeth Blackwell could not become a surgeon because ________.A．she was a womanB．she had a serious eye problemC．she went to Paris for further educationD．she didn't go to medical school38．Elizabeth Blackwell opened her first hospital for woman and children ________.A．eighteen years after her father diedB．seven years after returning to America from ParisC．ten years before setting up her first medical schoolD．eight years after graduating from medical school39．Elizabeth Blackwell spent most of her life in ________.A．the U．S. B．ParisC．England D．Geneva40．Which of the following is not TRUE about Elizabeth Blackwell？A．She built the first hospital for women and children with others.B．She became the first woman doctor in the U．S.C．She set up the first medical school for women in the world.D．She built a medal for women with excellent achievements in medicine.课时作业(二十一)Ⅰ.1.D考查冠词。
高中英语人教版一轮课时提升作业二十一必修5Unit1Greatscientists
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二十一必修5Unit 1Great scientists(限时35分钟)Ⅰ. 阅读理解A(2021·北京模拟) Researchers continue to show the power behind our sense of smell. Recent studies have found, among other things, that the smell of foods like pizza can cause uncontrollable anger in drivers on roads.The review explains that smell is unique in its effects on the brain. According to Conrad King, the researcher who carried out the review, “more than any other senses, the sense of smell goes through the logical part of the brain and acts on the systems concerned with feelings. This is why the smell of baking bread can destroy the best intentions of a dieter. ”Smell, which dictates(决定) the unbelievable plexity of food tastes, has always been the least understood of our senses. Our noses are able to detect up to 10, 000 distinct smells. Our ability to smell and taste this extremely large range of smells is controlled by something like 1, 000 genes, which make up an amazing 3% of the human genome. Researchers Richard Axel and Linda Buck were together awarded a NobelPrize in 2004 for their groundbreaking research on the nature of this extraordinary sense. These two scientists were the first to describe the family of 1, 000 olfactory (嗅觉) genes and to explain how our olfactory system works.According to one study in the research review, smelling fresh pizza or even the packaging of fast foods can be enough to make drivers feel impatient with other road users. They are then more likely to speed and experience uncontrollable anger on roads. The most reasonable explanation is that these can all make drivers feel hungry, and therefore desperate to satisfy their appetites.In contrast, the smells of peppermint and cinnamon were shown to improve concentration levels as well as reduce drivers’impatience. Similarly, the smells of lemon and coffee appeared to promote clear thinking and mental focus.However, the way genes regulate smell differs from person to person.A study by researchers in Israel has identified at least 50 olfactory genes which are switched on in some people and not in others. They believe this may explain why some of us love some smells and tastes while others hate them. The Israel researchers say their study shows that nearly every human being shows a different pattern of active and inactive smelldetecting receptors.【文章大意】文章主要介绍了人类的嗅觉基因和嗅觉系统, 科学家们通过研究嗅觉基因和嗅觉系统是如何工作的, 发现了嗅觉对我们生活的影响。
2022届高考英语课时作业(二十一) Unit1 Great scientists
课时作业二十一[必修5 Unit 1 Great cientit]限时：30分钟Ⅰ完形填空A oung man waited at a tomendation for the care of women in the UK who were in D and foic acid叶酸uent houd be offered b heath taff to heother encourage new ent in the care of en with diabete糖尿病 About 20，000 icarriage流产and tibirth死产The guidance aid women houd get acce to advice and uade b the Deent of Heath on drining acoho during onth and a gradua increae afterwardB．An ounce a da after the firt three monthC．No drining for enD．Thoe who drin reguar need not worr about the harm to their babie17．What' the meaning of the underined wor d “categorica” in icarriage i caued mot in D and foic acidB．ricet and an drining acoho infrequent ha itte ri to her babB．en who drin a itte occaiona are awa afraid of the effectC．there i no evidence that a an drining acoho might harm her babD．getting drun once won't harm the bab20．In thi ain intend to ________A．how NICE' new guidance on en' acoho drining and it advice for the care of enB．warn en againt an acoho during en' drining imitD．ca for more care for en in ocietBHe i regarded a having one of the brightet mind on the itted that he did not earn to read unti he wa eight ear odIn a itted that he wa not active in tuding whie at Oford Univerit，where he tudied ight die oung from motor neurone神经元 dieae made him concentrate on hi wore”He aid that he wa unece handwriting wa the de teacher，”he aid“But m camate gave me the nicname Eintein，o ab the aw ign of omething better”But he aid that it wa when doctor tod him that he into focuing on hi wor and a e of hi ear breathrough He aid，“When ou are faced with the ae ou reaie thatife i worth iving and there are ot of thing ou want to do”21 Which of the foowing i NOT true according to the ed much better than him22 We can infer that Steean23 What made Steef to hi worA． the at in to wor hardD．Hi ife might be taen awa b ong hard wor25 From whom did Hawing get a reative ut etimation when he wa at chooA．Hi iter B．Hi camateC．Hi teacher D．Hi and对应。
高三英语一轮复习课时作业21：Unit 1《Great scientists》(新人教版必修5)
Ⅰ.多项选择1．What made you ________ her of having taken the money?A．inform B．accuseC．suspect D．convince[解析]句意：是什么让你怀疑是她拿走了钱？suspect sb.of doing sth.怀疑某人做了某事；convince sb.of doing sth.说服某人做了某事。
[答案]C2．(2012·德州模拟)Reducing the gap between rich and poor is one of the main ________ the government faces.A．difficulties B．challengesC．problems D．conflicts[解析]句意：缩小贫富之间的差距是这届政府面临的主要难题之一。
challenge 挑战；difficulty 困难；problem 问题；conflict 矛盾，冲突。
[答案]B3．A great many women were ________ by the advertisement that they could lose weight by wearing the slim dress.A．taken on B．taken upC．taken in D．taken off[解析]take in 欺骗。
take on 呈现；take up 占用；take off 盛行。
[答案]C4．(2012·济宁模拟)It is widely believed that smoking______ lung cancer?A．contributes to B．turns toC．objects to D．points to[解析]考查动词短语辨析。
contribute to 导致；turn to 转向，求助；object to 反对；point to 指向。