大学英语精读英语知识点总结
大学英语知识点总结归纳
大学英语知识点总结归纳一、语法知识点1. 英语句子的基本构成英语句子的基本构成包括主语、谓语、宾语等，根据不同的语法成分可以分为简单句、并列句、复合句等多种形式。
掌握句子的基本构成对于语言的准确表达和理解至关重要。
2. 时态英语中的时态包括一般现在时、一般过去时、一般将来时、现在进行时、过去进行时、现在完成时、过去完成时等。
时态的正确使用可以使语言表达准确清晰。
3. 语态英语中的语态包括主动语态和被动语态，正确使用语态可以使表达更加灵活多样。
4. 语气英语中的语气包括陈述语气、疑问语气、祈使语气等，每种语气的使用都有其特定的情境和表达方式。
5. 并列连词和从属连词并列连词用于连接并列结构的词、短语、从句等，包括and、or、but等；从属连词用于连接主从复合句，包括because、when、although等。
6. 形容词和副词的比较级和最高级形容词和副词的比较级和最高级形式可以用于比较不同事物的程度和大小。
7. 定冠词和不定冠词定冠词包括the，不定冠词包括a和an，使用时需要根据名词的情境和特点正确选择。
8. 代词代词分为人称代词、物主代词、反身代词、指示代词等，根据情境需要选择正确的代词形式。
9. 主谓一致主谓一致是指主语和谓语在人称和数上保持一致，是英语句子中的重要语法规则。
10. 介词介词用于连接名词、代词、动词或形容词等，构成介词短语用于修饰其他成分，掌握介词的使用可以使语言表达更加丰富。
二、词汇知识点1. 单词的拼写和发音掌握英语单词的拼写和发音是学习英语的基本功，有助于提高语言表达的准确性。
2. 同义词和反义词同义词和反义词可以丰富语言表达的方式，帮助学习者避免重复使用相同的词汇。
3. 词汇搭配词汇搭配是指在语言表达中，词语之间常常有固定的搭配关系，如动词搭配介词、名词搭配形容词等，掌握词汇搭配可以使表达更加自然流畅。
4. 词义辨析英语中存在大量近义词和异义词，学习者需要掌握它们的区别和正确用法，避免混淆。
大学英语精读第一册unit1—10单词
1.s trategy n. 策略2.m eans n.方法,手段3.d iligence n.勤勉,用功diligent a.4.p rolonged a.持续很久的,长时间的5.p rolong vt.延长,拖延6.n evertheless ad.然而,尽管如此7.c ommand n.掌握8.s ustained a.持久的,坚持不懈的9.s ustain vt. 保持,使继续下去10.helpful a.有帮助的,乐于助人的plain vi.抱怨12.memorize vt.记住,背熟13.cram vt.把…塞满14.bound a.一定的,很可能的15.constant a.经常的,不断的mit vt.把…托付给17.acquaintance n.了解,认识,熟人18.concentrate v.集中注意力,专心19.effective a.有效的20.route n.途径,路线21.enlarge v.扩大,放大22.vocabulary n.词汇(量)23.idiom n.习语,成语age n.惯用法25.basis n.方法,基础26.addition n.增加,加法27.repetition n.重复28.opportunity n.机会municate v.交流情况,沟通30.enjoyable a.令人愉快的31.campus n.校园32.rehearsal n.排演,预演33.partner n.同伴34.instance n.事例35.detail n.详情,细节36.purchase n.购买,购置物vt.购买37.environment n.环境38.reliable a.可靠的39.source n.来源,出处40.handle vt.处理,对付41.apart ad.相距,分开地42.assign vt.分配(任务)给某人43.motivation n.动机,动力44.motivate vt.使有动机45.culture n.文化46.summarize vt.总结,概括47.accumulation n.积累48.absorb vt.汲取,吸收by no means决不at fault有过错at a time每次be bound to肯定会commit to memory记住watch out for密切注意learn of/about得知,听说on a regular/daily/weekly basis经常、每天、每周in addition to除...之外over and over again反复seek out寻找feel free随意for instance例如in detail详细地act out将...表演出来apart from除...之外put ...into practice把...付诸实践49.determined a.下定决心的50.determine v. determination n.51.retire vi.退休52.voyage n.航海,航行53.crew n.全体船员54.steer vt.为…掌舵,驾驶55.device n.设备,装置56.gale n.大风57.previous a.以前的,过早的58.dissuade vt.劝阻59.treacherous a.暗藏危险的,奸诈的60.cape n.海角61.fortunately ad.幸运地,幸亏62.contact vt.联系,接触63.nearby ad.在附近64.following a.接着的,下列的65.waken v.唤醒,醒来66.nightmare n.噩梦67.drag vt.托,拉68.sinister a.凶恶的,邪恶的69.knight n.爵士vt.封…为爵士70.sword n.剑,刀71.accomplish vt.完成72.adventurer n.冒险家73.conquer vt.征服74.undoubtedly ad.无疑地75.moreover ad.此外,而且76.being n.生物,人77.rare a.罕见的,不常发生的78.occasion n.时刻,时机,场合79.mayor n.市长80.content a.满意的,高兴的81.primary a.最初的,首要的,根本的82.arrange vi.作安排,筹划83.minor a.较小的,次要的84.operate vi.开刀,动手术85.funeral n.葬礼86.efficient a.高效的87.decade n.十年88.endure vt.忍受,忍耐89.mint n.薄荷糖90.slipper n.拖鞋91.un seal ed a.未密封的92.parcel n.包裹93.reluctant a.不情愿的,勉强的94.flutter vi.飘动95.stoop vi.弯腰96.tremble vi.颤抖Unit 41.Worthwhile a.值得花时间的2.current a.当前的3.social a.社会的4.activity n.活动5.prohibit vt.禁止6.reasonable a.(人)讲道理的,合理的7.proposal n.提议,建议8.distract vt. 分散(思想)9.actually ad.真实地,实际上10.gap n.缺口11.divorce n.离婚12.rate n.率13.failure n.失败,失败的人14.disturb vt.打扰,使烦恼15.emotional a.感情的16.pastime n.消遣,娱乐17.sunset n.日落18.neighborhood n.临近地区,地段19.sdult n.成年人20.entertainment n.快乐,乐趣,娱乐21.typical a.典型的22.barely ad.仅仅,勉强,几乎没有23.literate a.能读写的,有文化的24.radical a.激进的25.electronic a.电子的26.involve vt.(必须)包括27.imagination n.想象力28.invent vt.发明29.illustrate vt.给…插图,举例说明30.genius n.天才31.semester n.学期32.embarrass vt.使窘迫,使尴尬33.astonish vt.惊讶34.publish vt.出版,发行,发布35.dumb a.愚蠢的,哑的36.recipe n.食谱,烹饪法37.graduate v.(大学)毕业38.minus a.低于零的,负数的prep.减去undry n.洗衣店40.ancient a.很旧的,古代的41.random n.任意,无目的行动a.任意的42.manuscript n.手稿a.手写的43.nonsense n.胡说,废话,荒谬的想法44.package n.包装袋,包,盒45.enclose vt.附上,围住46.illustration n.插图47.chapter n.章。
大学英语精读第一册单词词汇表.
a.ad.单独的(地) [əd'ventʃə] ['səuləu] n.冒险(活动) a.单独的
2
3
4
[ˌtrænzət'læ ntik] a.横渡大西洋的 [lʌŋ] n.肺 n.癌
5
6
['kæ nsə]
7
[di'tə:mind] a.下定了决心的 [di'tə:min] v.决定，使下定决心 n.决心， 果断， 意志
在别的时候；平时 在附近；即将来临 在附近；即将来临 毕竟，终究 对…有把握，确信 拿起，捡起
1
worthwhile program programme
[ˌwə:θ'wail] 的；有价值的
a.值得花时间(或精力)
2
['prəugræ m]
n.节目
3
['prougræ m] n.节目
4
educational current social movie nevertheless propose
3
4
n.实情 a.附加的，额外的 n.加，增加，加法 a.每周的；一周一次的 n.时间表 n.图(表) vt.指定…用于 ad.在旁边；到(向)一边
5
[ə'diʃənəl] [ə'diʃən] ['wi:kli] ['ʃedju:l] [tʃɑ:t] [kə'mit] [ə'said]
6
7
8
9
10 commit 11 aside 12 etc. 13 normal 14 reading 15 assignment 16 occupy 17 relaxation
['relətiv]
大学英语精读（2）英语知识点总结
大学英语精读（2）英语知识点总结Unit 1 The Dinner Party1. shortly before WW1 一战前不久2. track down 追溯，追查3. be seated 就座4. spring up 突然出现，开始5. outgrow the jumping-on-a-chair-at the sight of a mouse era 不再像过去那样见到老鼠就跳到椅子上6. That last ounce of self-control is what really counts.这多出来的一点自制力才是真正起作用的。
7. motion to sb 向某人示意signal to sb8. whisper sth to sb 向某人嘀咕，耳语9. the America comes to with a start.这个美国博物学家突然醒悟了.Startle-----startled10. bait for a snake 蛇的诱饵11. an empty room 一个空房子a bare marble floor 没铺地毯的大理石地板barely any hair====hardly/scarcely any hair12. serve the next course 上下一道菜a course of dish 一道菜13. frighten sb into doing sth 吓得某人去做…persuade sb into doing sthtalk sb into doing sththreaten sb into doing sth14. out of the corner of his eyes 从他的眼角里15. Stare straight ahead 盯着往前看16. Not move a muscle 纹丝不动17. Make for 前往18.Ring out19. Slam the door shut20. Exclaim21. at the sight of 一看见at the thought of 一想起22. a heated/spirited discussion 一场激烈的争论22. an example of perfect self-control一个镇定自若的典范23. A faint smile lights up the hostess’s face.Two spots of color brightened her face.A strange expression came over her face.24. a colonial official 一个殖民地官员25. give a large dinner party 办一个盛大的晚宴26. a visiting American naturalist美国访问博物学家27. a spacious dining room 宽敞的餐厅28. the major 少校the colonel29. feel like doing sth 想要/喜欢做某事30. commotion 混乱，骚动31. The tone of his voice is so commanding that it silences everyone. 他的语调很威严，让每个人都静下来不出声.32. count three hundred 数三百下count up to three hundred 数到第三百下33. sit like stone images 像石雕一样坐着Sit rootedUnit 2 Lessons from Jeffersonbe of interest/important 很有趣/很重要obtain knowledge from many sources从许多源头获取知识personal investigation 个人调查appoint him to a committee 派他去一个委员会study papers on the subject 研究该课题的文件make on-the-spot observations 做现场观察By birth and by education Jefferson belonged to the highest social class.无论是论出身还是论教育，杰弗逊都属于最高的社会阶层.noble persons 贵族persons of noble origins 出身高贵的人persons of humble origins 出身卑微的人go ou t of one’s way to do sth 特意/专门去做某事a cooking pot 做饭的锅If you will only do this, you may find out why people are dissatisfied. 如果也只有你愿意这样做，你才可能发现为什么人民不满意.Heaven has given you a mind for judging truth and error. Use it.上帝赋予你一个判断正确和错误的头脑，就运用它吧.form a correct judgment 形成正确的判断not hesitate a moment to do sth毫不犹豫地去做某事the former and the latter 前者和后者In a free country, there will always be conflicting ideas, and this is a source of strength.在一个自由的国度，总会有冲突的意见，而这正是力量的源泉.It is conflict and not unquestioning agreement that keeps freedom alive.让自由保持活力的是冲突而不是绝对的一致.There are two sides to every question. If you take one side with effect, those who take the other side will of course resent your actions.每个问题都有两面.如果你有力地站在一方，那么另一方的人必定会憎恨你的行动.be chained to customs 受习俗的禁锢lose its usefulness 失去它的效用No society can make a perpetual constitution, or even a perpetual law. 任何一个社会都不能制定出永久的宪法或永久的法律.He did n’t fear new ideas, nor did he fear the future.他不惧怕新观点，也不惧怕未来.I steer my ship with hope, leaving fear behind.我满怀希望驾驶着帆船，把恐惧抛在身后.be based on knowledge 以知识为基石men of his age===peer 同龄人practice crop rotation and soil conservation 施行作物轮作和土壤保持standard practice 标准的做法be superior to any other in existence比现存的任何做法都优越be inferior to 不如…Of all Jefferson’s many talents, one is central.在杰弗逊的诸多才能中，其中一个是重要的.He was above all a good and tireless writer.首先，他是个优秀的不知疲倦的作家.Ageless-----parentless-----timeless31. complete works 全集32. when the time came to do sth当该做…的时候33. the task of writing it was his.撰写的任务都落在他的肩头了.34. We hold those truths to be self-evident, that all men are created equal.]我们坚信这些不言而喻的事实：人人生而平等.Every is born equal.35. He left his countrymen a rich legacy of ideas and examples.他给他的同胞留下一笔丰富的思想遗产和范例.36. owe a great debt to 归功于….====Be indebted to37. Only a nation of educated people could remain free. 只有一个由受教育的人民组成的国度才能保持自由.Unit 3 My First Jobapply for a teaching job 申请一份教学工作go from bad to worse 每况愈下enter university 进入大学in a suburb of London 在伦敦的郊区be very short of money 手头很紧Without a degree and with no experience in teaching, my chances of getting this job were slim. 一无学历，二无教学经历，我得到可能性是微乎其微. Chances of doing are/were……做某事的机会是……It proved an awkward journey. 这一路原来真是麻烦。
大学英语精读知识点
大学英语精读知识点：逐步思考在大学英语精读课程中，逐步思考是一项重要的技巧。
它可以帮助我们更好地理解和分析英语文本，并提高我们的阅读能力。
在本文中，我们将探讨逐步思考的步骤和实践方法。
第一步：预览文本在开始阅读之前，我们应该先对文本进行预览。
预览的目的是获取整体印象和主题。
我们可以先阅读标题、章节标题和段落开头，并扫描文本中的关键词和关键句。
通过预览，我们可以对文章的内容和结构有一个大致的了解。
第二步：了解关键词在阅读过程中，遇到不熟悉的词汇是常有的事情。
为了更好地理解文本，我们需要学会识别和解释关键词。
首先，我们可以通过上下文来猜测词义。
如果还是不确定，我们可以查字典或在线资源进行查询。
了解关键词的含义可以帮助我们更准确地理解整个句子和段落的意思。
第三步：分析句子结构句子结构对于理解英语文本至关重要。
我们需要学会分析句子结构，特别是复杂句。
一般来说，句子由主语、谓语和宾语构成。
了解句子结构可以帮助我们理解句子中不同成分之间的关系，并更好地理解句子的意义。
第四步：抓住关键信息在阅读过程中，我们应该注意抓住关键信息。
关键信息通常是文章的中心思想、重要观点或支持论据。
我们可以通过关键词、强调的句子以及作者的重复和总结来辨别关键信息。
抓住关键信息可以帮助我们更好地理解文章的主旨，同时也有助于后续的分析和总结。
第五步：进行思维概括思维概括是逐步思考的核心步骤。
通过思维概括，我们可以将文本中的信息整合、归纳和总结。
我们可以将关键信息以自己的话进行概括，同时注意保持原文的逻辑结构和思路。
思维概括可以帮助我们更深入地理解文章的内容，并准确地表达自己的理解和观点。
第六步：进行批判性思考批判性思考是逐步思考的高级阶段。
在这个阶段，我们需要对文本进行评价和分析，提出自己的观点和意见。
我们可以思考作者的立场、论证逻辑和证据的有效性。
通过批判性思考，我们可以培养独立思考的能力，并提高自己的判断力和批判性阅读能力。
最后，逐步思考是一个循序渐进的过程。
现代大学英语精读1-Unit1知识点汇总
现代大学英语精读1-U n i t1知识点汇总-CAL-FENGHAI-(2020YEAR-YICAI)_JINGBIANExpressions, Collocations & Phrases1. a useful word 一个有用的词2. a helpful suggestion 一个有用的建议3. a painful experience 一段痛苦的经历4. a tearful voice 一个撕心裂肺的嗓音5. a hopeless war 一场无望的战争6. a priceless stone 一块无价的石头7. a useless book 一本无用的书8. a careful look 仔细一看9. an eventful year 多事之秋10. a harmful habit 一个有害的习惯；不良习惯11. a harmless animal 一个无害的动物12. a shameless liar 一位无耻的撒谎者13. a classless society 无阶级社会14. a hopeful situation 一种有希望的形势15. a fruitful visit 一次有成就的访问16. a powerful army 一支强有力的军队17. a careless mistake 一个粗心的错误18. a homeless child 一个无家可归的孩子19. a toothless old man 一个牙齿掉光的老男人20. a nameless flower 一支无名花21. take?steps 采取措施22. hold back/dry one's tears 忍着眼泪/擦干眼泪23. play games 玩游戏24. take/have/steal a nap 打盹25. tell a story 讲故事26. face trouble/challenge/truth/fact/pressure 面对麻烦/挑战/事实/真相/压力27. announce a thing 宣布一件事28. invade a place/one's life/one's privacy 攻占某地/干涉某人生活/侵犯某人隐私29. cross the desert/channel/mountains/ocean 穿越沙漠/海峡/高山/横跨海洋30. reach some places/the stage 到达某些地方/达到某种地步31. employ people 雇用某人32. in?vain? 徒劳无益33. show?off? 炫耀，卖弄34. resort?to? 采取35. cling?to? 坚持，保留36. burst?into? 突然开始37. bring?about? 造成，引起，导致；创造；实现38. give?rise?to? 造成，引起，导致39. on?their?own? 独立地(凭自己的力量)40.41.42. Translations1. 他们利用我们求助无门的困境把我们公司接管了。
大学英语精读1 -- 复习提纲
3. 运用不同的词性1）evidence(明显，n.), evident(明显的，adj.), evidently(明显地，adv.)a. Do you have any evidence that Charles stole the jewels (宝石) ？b. Evidently, there is no one at home. The lights are out.c. It is evident that the elderly gentleman has been greatly hurt and will never come back to the store to samplepuddings any more.d. The old lady looked at her daughter with evident pride.2）kindness(善良，n.), kind(善良的，adj.), kindly(善良地，adv.)a. It’s very kind of you to invite me to tea.b. Would you kindly turn down the radio?c.Kindness is one of the qualities we would look for in a friend.d. The policeman treated the lost child very kindly.3）eagerness(渴望，迫切，n.)，eager(渴望的，迫切的，adj.), eagerly(渴望地，迫切地，adv.)a. The old man began eagerly to sample one after another of the puddings as soon as he accepted the spoon.b. He is always eager to see new places and keen (渴望的) to meet new people.c. They looked forward to the occasion with great eagerness.d. All the children listened to the story with eager attention.4）sincerity(真挚，n.), sincere(真挚的，adj.), sincerely(真挚地，adv.)a. Was the narrator sincere in his offer to purchase a pudding for the old man?b. The narrator sincerely wished that he could take his tactless words.c. I may say in all sincerity that I did not mean to hurt you.d. Please give my sincere regards to all the members of your family.5）occasion(场合，n.), occasional(偶尔的，adj.), occasionally(偶尔地，adv.)a. We had fine weather all through July except for an occasional thunderstorm.b. Prof. Wilson’s daughter teaches at a high school in California, and she occasionally files to New York to see him.c. I can’t recall the occasion, but I did meet her before.d. In the past two years, Myra has come to see her mother only occasionally.6）surprise(使惊奇，v.), surprise(惊奇，n.), surprising(令人惊讶的,adj.), surprised(感到惊讶的，adv), surprisingly(令人惊讶地,adv.)a. I was surprised to hear that Tom had failed his exam.b. Aunt Sophia paid us a surprise visit last Sunday.c. Surprisingly our team lost for the first time in ten years.d. The news surprised all of us.e. It is not surprising that Jack got fired – he was always daydreaming at work.f. A look of surprise came into his eyes as he read the telegram (电报).7）please(使喜欢，v.), pleasure(愉快，n.), pleasant(令人愉快的，adj.), pleasing(令人高兴的，adj.), pleasantly(令人愉快地，adv.)a. I was pleasantly surprised to find it so easy to pick up new words while reading simplified novels.b. You’ll soon find it isn’t an easy job to try and please everybody in the office.c. It was particularly pleasing to be in this wild area, and to enjoy the unique feelings of peace that only mountainscan inspire.d. Dr. Wang takes great pleasure in helping children to learn painting.e. It was pleasant to sit down in the shade after standing for hours in the sun.8）admire(赞美，羡慕，v.), admiration(赞美，羡慕，n.), admirable(令人钦佩的，adj.), admiring(赞赏的，钦佩的，adj.), admired(赞美的，钦佩的，adj.), admiringly(钦佩地，羡慕地，adv.)a. All those who know him admire him for his frankness (坦白，率直).b. If our admiration is true, genuine, and progressive we will in the end come to admire the good and cease to admire the bad.c. There is nothing so admirable as a man who sacrifices his life and happiness for others.d. He never wrote entirely admiring reviews: “It’s the essence (本质) of a book never to be pe rfect,” he said, “so its writer must expect to come in for a little criticism.”e. He came into the sitting-room, where he looked round admiringly at my furniture and books.f. For twenty years, in fact, he was the most active and admired humanist(人文学者) in the world.9）astonish(使惊讶，v.), astonishment(惊讶，n.), astonishing(可惊讶的，adj.),astonished(惊讶的，adj.), astonishingly(可惊讶地，adv.)a. Lawson, while neither tactful (机敏的) nor popular, was astonishingly successful for a long period.b. She coped with the press with astonishing skill for someone who was just nineteen years old.c. To his astonishment, Judy threw her arms about him and hugged and kissed him.d. Why, Mamma, I could astonish you with a great many words you never heard in your life.e. “I work there,” he replied simply, and when he saw her astonished expression he set his glass down and began to explain.4. 中译英(translation)1. 据报道，那条铁路曾因洪水而停止修建。
英语精读知识点总结
英语精读知识点总结1. Skimming and ScanningWhen reading in English, it's important to learn how to skim and scan the text. Skimming is reading quickly to get the main idea of the text, while scanning means looking for specific information. This technique helps you to save time and focus on the key points.2. Context CluesWhen you come across unfamiliar words in the text, you can use context clues to understand their meanings. Context clues may include synonyms, antonyms, examples, definitions, or explanations that surround the unfamiliar word.3. InferenceInferencing is an important reading skill. It involves drawing conclusions based on the information given. To make an inference, you need to analyze the text and make logical guesses about what is not directly stated.4. Main Idea and Supporting DetailsIdentifying the main idea and supporting details is essential for understanding a text. The main idea is the central point of the text, while supporting details are examples, reasons, and pieces of evidence that explain or prove the main idea.5. Text StructureUnderstanding the structure of a text can help you comprehend it better. Common text structures include cause and effect, problem and solution, compare and contrast, and chronological order. Recognizing these structures can aid in the understanding of the overall meaning of the text.6. Vocabulary BuildingExpanding your vocabulary is crucial for improving your reading skills. You can use various strategies such as reading, using a dictionary, or learning word families to enhance your vocabulary.7. AnnotationAnnotating a text means adding notes, highlights, or other marks to the text as you read. This helps you to better understand and remember the information. Annotation also helps you to engage with the material and make connections between ideas.8. Making ConnectionsMaking connections between the text and your own experiences or other texts can help you to understand and remember the information. There are three types of connections: text-to-self, text-to-text, and text-to-world.9. SummarizingSummarizing a text in your own words can help you to identify the main points and retain the information. It also allows you to demonstrate your understanding of the text.10. Critical ThinkingEngaging in critical thinking while reading involves analyzing, evaluating, and interpreting the text. It requires you to ask questions, consider alternative viewpoints, and make connections between ideas.By paying attention to these key points of reading comprehension, you can improve your English reading skills and become a more proficient reader. Remember to practice these skills regularly, and you will see improvement in your ability to understand and analyze English texts. Keep reading and enjoy the journey of improving your English reading comprehension!。
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大学英语精读英语知识点总结标准化管理部编码-[99968T-6889628-J68568-1689N]Unit 1 The Dinner Party1. shortly before WW1 一战前不久2. track down 追溯，追查3. be seated 就座4. spring up 突然出现，开始5. outgrow the jumping-on-a-chair-at the sight of a mouse era 不再像过去那样见到老鼠就跳到椅子上6. That last ounce of self-control is what really counts.这多出来的一点自制力才是真正起作用的。
7. motion to sb 向某人示意signal to sb8. whisper sth to sb 向某人嘀咕，耳语9. the America comes to with a start.这个美国博物学家突然醒悟了.Startle-----startled10. bait for a snake 蛇的诱饵11. an empty room 一个空房子a bare marble floor 没铺地毯的大理石地板barely any hair====hardly/scarcely any hair12. serve the next course 上下一道菜a course of dish 一道菜13. frighten sb into doing sth 吓得某人去做…persuade sb into doing sthtalk sb into doing sththreaten sb into doing sth14. out of the corner of his eyes 从他的眼角里15. Stare straight ahead 盯着往前看16. Not move a muscle 纹丝不动17. Make for 前往out19. Slam the door shut20. Exclaim21. at the sight of 一看见at the thought of 一想起22. a heated/spirited discussion 一场激烈的争论22. an example of perfect self-control一个镇定自若的典范23. A faint smile lights up the hostess’s face.Two spots of color brightened her face.A strange expression came over her face.24. a colonial official 一个殖民地官员25. give a large dinner party 办一个盛大的晚宴26. a visiting American naturalist美国访问博物学家27. a spacious dining room 宽敞的餐厅28. the major 少校 the colonel29. feel like doing sth 想要/喜欢做某事30. commotion 混乱，骚动31. The tone of his voice is so commanding that it silences everyone. 他的语调很威严，让每个人都静下来不出声.32. count three hundred 数三百下count up to three hundred 数到第三百下33. sit like stone images 像石雕一样坐着Sit rootedUnit 2 Lessons from Jeffersonbe of interest/important 很有趣/很重要obtain knowledge from many sources从许多源头获取知识personal investigation 个人调查appoint him to a committee 派他去一个委员会study papers on the subject 研究该课题的文件make on-the-spot observations 做现场观察By birth and by education Jefferson belonged to the highest social class.无论是论出身还是论教育，杰弗逊都属于最高的社会阶层. noble persons 贵族persons of noble origins 出身高贵的人persons of humble origins 出身卑微的人go out of one’s way to do sth 特意/专门去做某事a cooking pot 做饭的锅If you will only do this, you may find out why people are dissatisfied. 如果也只有你愿意这样做，你才可能发现为什么人民不满意.Heaven has given you a mind for judging truth and error. Use it.上帝赋予你一个判断正确和错误的头脑，就运用它吧.form a correct judgment 形成正确的判断not hesitate a moment to do sth毫不犹豫地去做某事the former and the latter 前者和后者In a free country, there will always be conflicting ideas, and this is a source of strength.在一个自由的国度，总会有冲突的意见，而这正是力量的源泉.It is conflict and not unquestioning agreement that keeps freedom alive.让自由保持活力的是冲突而不是绝对的一致.There are two sides to every question. If you take one side with effect, those who take the other side will of course resent your actions.每个问题都有两面.如果你有力地站在一方，那么另一方的人必定会憎恨你的行动.be chained to customs 受习俗的禁锢lose its usefulness 失去它的效用No society can make a perpetual constitution, or even a perpetual law. 任何一个社会都不能制定出永久的宪法或永久的法律.He didn’t fear new ideas, nor did he fear the future.他不惧怕新观点，也不惧怕未来.I steer my ship with hope, leaving fear behind.我满怀希望驾驶着帆船，把恐惧抛在身后.be based on knowledge 以知识为基石men of his age===peer 同龄人practice crop rotation and soil conservation 施行作物轮作和土壤保持standard practice 标准的做法be superior to any other in existence比现存的任何做法都优越be inferior to 不如…Of all Jefferson’s many talents, one is central.在杰弗逊的诸多才能中，其中一个是重要的.He was above all a good and tireless writer.首先，他是个优秀的不知疲倦的作家.Ageless-----parentless-----timeless31. complete works 全集32. when the time came to do sth当该做…的时候33. the task of writing it was his.撰写的任务都落在他的肩头了.34. We hold those truths to be self-evident, that all men are created equal.]我们坚信这些不言而喻的事实：人人生而平等.Every is born equal.35. He left his countrymen a rich legacy of ideas and examples.他给他的同胞留下一笔丰富的思想遗产和范例.36. owe a great debt to 归功于….====Be indebted to37. Only a nation of educated people could remain free. 只有一个由受教育的人民组成的国度才能保持自由.Unit 3 My First Jobapply for a teaching job 申请一份教学工作go from bad to worse 每况愈下enter university 进入大学in a suburb of London 在伦敦的郊区be very short of money 手头很紧Without a degree and with no experience in teaching, my chances of getting this job were slim. 一无学历，二无教学经历，我得到可能性是微乎其微.Chances of doing are/were……做某事的机会是……It proved an awkward journey. 这一路原来真是麻烦。
a ten-minute bus ride 十分钟的车程a walk of at least a quarter of mile 步行至少四分之一英里9. as a result 结果….. with the result that…Result in….. .Result from…..too depressed to feel nervous 太沮丧了就感觉不到紧张了four evergreen shrubs stood at each corner 四个角上各有一个冬青灌木struggle to survive the dust and fumes from a busy main road 经受着从繁忙的大街上吹来的烟尘，挣扎着努力活下来a sandy-colored moustache 一个沙色的小胡子a wrinkled forehead 布满皱纹的前额with an air of surprised disapproval 一种吃惊的，不以为然的神态sth smell of ….闻起来有…味道The room smells of unpleasantly stale cabbiage.房间发出一股烂白菜的味道，闻上去很不舒服。