2019届虹口区高三英语一模试卷
There’s been a lot written on the theme of failure and how essential to success. In a world where______ is given for people’s accomplishment, failing feels dangerous. The fear of failure can stop people taking risks that might lead to success.Heidi Grant Halvorson, a psychologist, points out much of success is _____ not on talent but on learning from your mistakes.About half of the people in the world hold that ability in an area--be it creative or social skill--is natural. The other half believes, instead, that someone might have a preference or something--say painting or speaking foreign languages--but this ability can be improved through _______ practice or training.It’s almost impossible to think rationally(理性的) while shouting at yourself, “I am a failure”. But when you ______ your thinking, you will probably see what you can control --your behavior, your planning, your reactions--and change them.The primary ________ between successful people and unsuccessful people is that the successful people fail more. If you see failure as a monster approaching you, take another look.Success is as scary as failure. Researches report that satisfaction grows on challenges. Think about it -- a computer game you can always win is boring; one you can win _____, and with considerable effort, is fun. In pursuit of success, failure exposes areas that you need to_______. So the failure serves as a brick wall to test how you apply yourself to _____ your objectives and how much you want them.There is a way to distinguish whether a failure _____ you to double down or walk away,says Halvorson. If, when things get rough, you remain fascinated by your goal, you should keep going. If what you are doing is costing you too much time and energy or it’s not bringing you joy, you should give a second thought to the ______ of your goal and even set a new one.This article is for all of the teenagers out there. Even through ________ you are years from being fully grown, society regularly expects you to adult. Yes, you are ________ in many ways: many of you drive and do so quite safely, and you handle schedules that would ________ many adults. But you probably cannot process caffeine as constantly as your parents can because of your still-growing bodies and brains.I understand it feels grown-up to be drinking of a cup of Starbucks. But all of this caffeine may worsen your anxiety, affect tonight’s sleep and tomorrow’s school performance, ________ nutrient absorption and even cause real trouble when mixed with alcohol. The following four aspects may well ____ the theme of this article.The power of caffeineCaffeine is widely considered a drug that is socially acceptable, universally used, even cool, but it still cause _______ symptoms such as headaches, fatigue and a lack of attention when removed fromcoffee-addicts’ diets.How much is healthy?Caffeine is by no means a nutrient; you don’t need it to be healthy. ________ ,it is a substance that can leave you lacking nutrients because it has been shown to reduce calcium. Caffeine probably causes the body to release water. And the more caffeinated drinks you consume, the less likely you are to drink water. So experts say that adolescent should consume _______ amounts of caffeine a day(<100mg)Caffeine’s ________According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, about 65 percent of middle and higher schools are ________ to insufficient sleep on schools nights. Some of their sleep problems can be mainly attributed to (归因于) caffeine, which can remain in the body for seven hours after _________, thus causing teen’s worse performance next day. It is widely assumed that adequate sleep ________ proper growth and brain development. During childhood and adolescence, the brain goes through a period called synaptic pruning (突触修建) when unnecessary connections are promoted.Caffeine labellingCaffeine is not listed on the Nutrition Facts column on food labels because it is not a ________. It may be listed as an ingredient, but the amount is not required. Caffeine is now added to foods such as gum, candy and water, along with makeup and beauty products that ________ to reduce swelling (肿块)。
Taste preference and eating habits are often cultivated in childhood and adolescence, so teens, when you consume sweet, caffeinated drinks every time you feel sluggish (无精打采的), you are creating a pattern that may be hard to break as an adult. It is advisable to come up with other _______ ways to boost energy so that you can master adulting better than many adults.41.A. potentially B. necessarily C. developmentally D. materially42.A. mature B. experienced C. productive D. disciplined43.A. delight B. frustrate C. liberate D. exclude44.A. promote B. assist C. intensify D. discourage45.A. call for B. account for C. turn to D. appeal to46.A. withdrawal B. addiction C. nutrition D. infection47.A. Therefore B. Instead C. Moreover D. Otherwise48.A. initial B. sufficient C. moderate D. stabel49.A. reputations B. confirmations C. implications D. disadvantages50.A. subjected B. altered C. reduced D. opposed51.A. stimulation B. concentration C. excitement D. consumption52.A. results from B. contributes to C. benefits from D. attends to53.A. therapy B. material C. nutrient D. substitute54.A. fail B. appear C. promise D. happen55.A. instructive B. comprehensive C. extensive D. alternativeThere aren’t many actors around the world who have enough self confidence to turn down an offer from Steven Spielberg. Maybe that was why Juliette Binoche gave him a choice. She said she’d be happy to be in Jurassic Park as long as she could play a dinosaur. Of course he turned her down and it was probably a good thing. It’s difficult to imagine Juliette ripping people apart with her teeth. However, her decision doesn’t seem to have done her career any harm. She has gone on to make a string of hits, including The Unbearable Lightness of Being, The English Patient (for which she won an Oscar) and Chocolat.Success in the United States has not been so easy for other foreign stars. Gerald Depardieu is a good example. Since his first film in 1967, his filmography (影片集锦) lists 172 credits. But he has struggled on the other side of the pond. While some of his films have been popular in the US, they have usually been French films that travelled. One possible exception was Green Card,directed by Peter Weir, where he plays a French immigrant who goes through a fake wedding in order to stay and work in the United States. This is a predictable but sweet romantic comedy which typecasts(分配同一类型角色) its lead actors in terms of national stereotypes. While reviewers were kind, others shredded both the film and Depardieu’s performance.While Monsieur Depardieu hasn’t received the recognition he would have liked in the United States, one Mexican actor has achieved almost instant success. Gael Garcia Bernal first gained recognition in Amores Perro s in 2000 and a year later in Ytu mama tambien. Since then he has appeared with hometown Limits of Control. He hasn’t picked up an Oscar yet, but he was nominated for BAFTA(英国电影电视艺术学院奖)in 2005 for his performance as the South American hero revolutionary Che Guevara, in Motorcycle Diaries. In the same year he played American music icon Elvis Presley in the King.56.It can be inferred from the passage that Juliette Binoche _________.A.very much wanted to be in Jurassic ParkB.didn’t want to be in Jurassic ParkC.really wanted to play a dinosaur in Jurassic ParkD.was hesitate whether she could play a dinosaur well57.According to the writer, Gerald Depardieu’s most popular films __________.A.have been in made HollywoodB.have only been seen in EuropeC.have been made in France, but seen in other countries, tooD.have been made in Hollywood, but well received in France58.The last sentence in Para”others shredded both the film and Depardieu’s performance” means others thought Depardieu’s performance and film were __________.plexB. interesting .C. terribleD. impressive59.The writer’s purpose in writing this article is to suggest that _________.A.Foreign actors generally do well in the United StatesB.American actors are able to earn more money than foreign actorsC.Foreign actors are playing an irreplaceable role in the United StatesD.a successful career in Europe or Latin America doesn’t guarantee success in the USAYou are going to read three competitions which offer holidays as prizes.60.Which competition extract(s) describe(s) what will happen on the flight?petition OneB. Competition Twopetition ThreeD. Competition One and Two61.Which holiday prize(s) will offer you the chance to stay longer than a week?A. Competition OneB. Competition Twopetition One and ThreeD. Competition One and Two62.If you want to exercise during the holiday, which competition(s) will you take part in?petition OneB. Competition Twopetition One and Three D. Competition One and TwoThe purpose of a map is to express graphically the relations of points and features on the earth’s surface to each other. These are determined by distance and direction. In early times distance was often expressed in units of time, for example”so many hours’march”or “a day’s journey by river”, but such measurements gave more information about the relative ease of crossing the local terrain than they did about actual distance. The other element is direction, but for the ordinary traveller, whose main concern was “Where do I go from here?” and “How far away is it?”, the accurate representation of direction was not of primary importance. Partly for this reason, written itineraries(行程) for a long time rivaled maps. Even today, certain types of maps, for example, those showing railway systems, may take little attempt to show true directions. Similarly, obviously landmarks along a route were at first indicated by signs, realistic or conventional (惯常的), and varied in size to indicate their importance. Clearly the conventions employed varied with the purpose of the map, and also from place to place, so that in studying early maps the first essential is to understand the particular convention employed.The history of cartography(制图) is largely that of the increase in the accuracy with which these elements of distance and direction are determined and in the comprehensiveness of the map content. In this development, cartography has called in other sciences to its aid. For example, instead of determining direction by observing the position of a shadow at midday, or of a constellation(星座) in the night sky, or even of steady wind, use was made of terrestrial magnetism(地磁学) through the magnetic compass, and instruments were evolved which enabled horizontal angles to be calculated with great accuracy.The application of astronomical concepts, and the extension of the knowledge of the world through exploration, encouraged attempts to map the known world. Then astronomers discovered that the earth is not a perfect sphere, but it is flattened slightly at the poles, which introduced further refinements into the mapping of large areas. Meanwhile, the demands being made of the map maker were shifting significantly. The traveller or the merchant ceased to be the sole user of maps. The soldier, especially after the introduction of artillery , and the problems of range, field of fire, and dead ground which it raised, demanded an accurate representation of the surface features, in place of the earlier conventional orpictorial delineation (描绘) , and a solution in any degree satisfactory was not reached until the contour(等高线) was invented.63.Why might early maps have been misleading?A.Distances could not be calculated reliably.B.They were based on written itineraries.C.They were drawn by ordinary travelers.D.Distance tended to be overestimated.64.What problem did early maps exhibit when showing landmarks?A.The sighs used bore little relation to the landmarks.B.The selection of landmarks was faulty.C.They used symbols that were not standardized.D.They sometimes included unimportant features.65.In the second paragraph, the writer says that _______ made better quality map-making easier.A.a greater understanding of climatic factor.B.greater accuracy in draughtsmanship (绘图术)C.more accuracy in measurementD.more intensive map production66.What encouraged the search for a more precise means of mapping the physical geography of the landscape?A.Discovery in astronomyB. The growth of mathematical scienceC . The activities of the great explorers D. Military considerations.Most college students don’t put self-care at the top of their to do lists. When you’re caught up in the whirlwind(旋风) of classes, extra-curricular, work, friendship, and final exams, it’s easy to ignore a task that doesn’t come with a deadline (even if the task is simply “taking care of yourself”). Embrace the excitement and intensity of college life, but remember that maintaining your physical, mental and emotional health is essential to your success and well-being.(67) _______ Instead, take time out to take care of yourself with some of these self-care strategies.Get Away for Some Alone Time. If you live with roommates, privacy can be hard to come by, so make it your mission to find a peaceful place on campus to call your own. (68)___________Take a mindful walk Around the campus. When you’re strolling to class, try this mindfulness exercise to center yourself and destress. (69) ________ Feel free to people-watch, but pay attention to sensory details too, like a smell of nearby barbecue or the sensation of pavement under your shoes. Take note of at least five beautiful or intriguing things you notice along your route. You might find yourself feeling a little calmer by the time you reach your destination.Stage a Sleep Intervention. How much sleep do you really get each night? (70) ________ By doing that, you’ll begin the process of repaying your sleep debt and establishing new sleep habits. Don’t buy into the myth that the less you’re sleeping, the harder you’re working. Your mind and body need consistent sleep to operate at optimum levels- you simply can’t do your best work without it.Download a New Podcast. Take a break from the books, grab your headphones, and listen to some immersive mysteries, compelling interviews, or laugh-out-loud comedy. There are thousands of podcasts covering almost every subject imaginable, so you’re sure to find something that interests you.Curiosity Is an Increasingly Rare VirtueMost of the breakthrough discoveries and remarkable inventions throughout history, from flints(打火石)for starting a fire to self-driving cars, have something in common: They are the result of curiosity. But the journalist Ian Leslie, in his newly-published book Curious: The Desire to Know and Why Your Future Depends on It, insists that curiosity is a much overlooked human virtue, crucial to our success, and we’re losing it.Leslie presents considerable evidence for the claim that the society as a whole is growing less curious. In the U.S and Europe, for example, the rise of the Internet, among other social and technological changes, has led to a declining consumption of news from outside the reader’s borders. Indeed, Google, for which Leslie expresses admiration, is also his frequent whipping boy(替罪羊)：we seek only the information we want. But not everything is to be blamed on technology. The decline in interest in literary fiction is also one of the causes identified by Leslie.Why is this a problem? Because without curiosity we will lose the spirit of innovation and entrepreneurship (企业家精神). Worse still, that lack of curiosity produces a relative lack of knowledge, and the lack of knowledge is difficult if not impossible to compensate for later on.Fortunately, some strategies can be employed to develop curiosity: If you just accept the world as it is without trying to dig deeper, you will certainly lose the “holy curiosity”. Of course, one effective way to dig deeper beneath the surface is asking questions: What is that? Why is it made that way? Who invented it? How does it work?... And if you see learning as a burden, there’s no way you will want to dig deeper into anything. That will just make the burden heavier. But if you think of learning as something fun, you will naturally want to dig deeper.74.他刚要关闭电脑，就在这时手机响了。
20192020学年虹口区高中高考英语一模
虹口区2019 学年第一学期期终学生学习能力诊疗测试高三英语试卷Ⅱ. Grammar andVocabulary Section ADirections: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.Innovations that will change the classroomAmerican schools are going high - tech. Many symbols we still associate with classroomsand learning, like chalkboards, pens, notebooks - even classrooms (21) -----------------are quickly becoming outdated.As this week marks The Huffington Post ’10ths anniversary, we ’ ll take a look at some products that (22)(introduce) to classroom in the past decade and have the potential tochange the educational landscape in the years (23)(come).1. Remote LearningSome schools are cutting down on snow days, thanks to technology. Rather than giving kidsthe day off (24)weather conditions are too dangerous for commuting, these schools areasking students to follow classroom lessons online.Although kids (25)(hope) for a snow day may not particularly appreciate these advancements in digital learning, online lessons allow these kids to complete their coursework andstill interact with peers. Some students with medical conditions (26)“ go”to school via video conferencing or even with the help of robots enabled with video chat that they can controlremotely.2. eBooksDiscovery Education has been replacing traditional textbooks with originalsix years. These“ techbooks can”also be switched to Spanish or French, Kinney said, (27)allows some parents who don’ t speak English to help their kids with theirhomework.In-class gaming options have evolvedto include more educati onal options. GlassLab createsare now being used in more than 6,000 classrooms across the country.Teachers get real-time updates on students progress’ as well as suggestions on (28)subjectsthey need to spend more time perfecting.The Internet and other digital tools have some drawbacks. They’ re often distracting, (29) most developments have exciting implications for the future. Over the last 10 years,technological innovations have made education more interactive, immediate and (30)(personalize), -- and have shown us the potential for more accessible and effective classrooms.“ techbooksSection BDirections: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used onlyonce. Note that there is one word more than you need.A. pleasurableB. alterationC. likelihoodD. fortunatelyE. thickeningF. immediateG. physicallyH. temporaryI. shortnessJ. normalizeK. weakenedHow do Cigarettes Affect the Body?Cigarettes aren’ t good for us. But how exactly do cigarettes harm us? Let look at what happens as their ingredients make their way through our bodies, and how we benefit (31)when we finally give up smoking.Inside the airways and lungs, smoke increases the (32)of infections as well as long - lasting diseases. It does this by damaging the tiny hair - like tissues which keep the airways clean. That’ones of the reasons smoking can lead to oxygen loss and (33)of breath.Within about 10 seconds, the bloodstream carries a stimulant called nicotine to the brain,creating the (34)sensations which make smoking highly addictive. Nicotine and other chemicals from the cigarette, at the same time, cause tightness of blood tubes, restricting blood flow.These effects on blood tubes lead to (35)of blood tube walls, increasing the possibility ofheart attacks and strokes.Many of the chemicals inside cigarettes can activate dangerous (36)in the body ’DNA that make cancers form. In fact, about one of every three cancer deaths in the United States iscaused by smoking. And it’notｓjust lung cancer. Smoking can cause cancer in multiple tissues and organs, as well as damaged eyesight and (37)bones. It makes it harder for women to get pregnant. And in men, it can cause long-term damages of body functions.But for those who quit smoking, t here ’aｓhuge positive upside with almost (38)and long-lasting physical benefits. A day after ceasing, heart attack risk begins to decrease as bloodpressure and heart rates (39). Lungs become healthier after about one month, with less coughing. After ten years, the chances of developing fatal lung cancer go down by 50%, probablybecause the body ’abilitys to repair DNA is once again restored.such effects are usually (40). Advice and support groups andmoderate intensity exercise also help smokers stay cigarette - free.That ’goodｓ news, since quitting’s puts you and your body on the path back to health.sⅢ. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, Cand D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context. Inc. is checking out of China’ s fiercely competitive domestic-commercemarket. The company told sellers on Thursday that it would no longer41its third -party online marketplace or provide seller services on its Chinese website,.42,domestic companies will no longer be able to sell products to Chinese consumers on its e-commerce platform.The decision marks an end to a long43by America’ -scommerce giants in the Chinese market. The firms entered the Chinese market with great attention in the early 2000s, onlyto 44 in the face of competition from China- moving’sfasterInternet giants.Amazon has been in talks to45 its e-commerce business for goods imported into China with a Chinese competitor, NetEase Inc.’Kaola,ｓ in a stock - for - stock transaction（交易） , according to a person familiar with the matter. That would remove the Amazon name from 46e-commerce in China. Neither company would confirm the progress or details of those47, nor would they say if they are continuing.In a written statement, Amazon said it remained48to China through its global stores, Kindle businesses and web services. Amazon China ’president would leave to take on another role within the company,the company said. The China consumer- business team will report49to the company’globals team.When Amazon first entered China in 2004with the50of , it was the largest online seller for books, music and video there. Most Chinese consumers were using cash -on - delivery as their to form of51 . Today, Amazon China chiefly caters to customers lookingfor imported international goods such as cosmetics and milk powder and is a(n)52player inthe booming Chinese e-commerce market.Amazon China commanded just 6% of gross market volume in the niche（细分的）cross -border e-commerce market in the fourth quarter of2018, versus NetEase Kaola’25%s53 and the 32% held by Alibaba Group Holding Ltd.’Tmalls InternationalChinese consumers are becoming more fascinated with54brands.In2011,85%of Chinese consumers said they would always buy a foreign brand over a domestic one. By 2016, 60%of respondents said they preferred domestic over foreign brands. Shaun Rein,China Market research’founder,s said American e-commerce giants_55obstacles in China because they didn ’ t offered the products or user experience that consumers were look ing for.41.A. assist B. expand C. operate D. tailor42.A. As a result B. By contrast C. For example D. In addition43.A. criticism B. negotiation C. struggle D. resolution44.A. interact B. withdraw C. split D. survive45.A. associate B. combine C. exchange D. supply46.A. time - consuming B. long - suffering C. ever - lasting D.consumer-facing47.A. talks B. businesses C. competitions D. instructions48.A. related B. accustomed C. exposed D. committed49.A. automatically B. directly C. regularly D. secretly50.A. breakdown B. improvement C. purchase D. participation51.A. refund B. payment C. sponsorship D. trade52.A. complicated B. critical C. original D. insignificant53.A. share B. budget C. volume D. maximum54.A. foreign B. luxurious C. domestic D. fashionable55.A. dealt with B. forgot about C. got through D. came acrossSection BDirections: Read the following three passages. English passage is followed by several questionsor unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choosethe one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)People worry that developments in Artificial Intelligence, or A.I., will bring about a pointin history when A. I. overtakes human intelligence, leading to an unimaginable revolution in humanaffairs. Or they wonder whether instead of our controlling artificial intelligence, it will control us.The situation may not arise for hundreds of years to come, but this doesn’ t mean we nothing to worry about. On the contrary, The A. I. products that now exist are improving faster thanmost people realize and promise to fundamentally transform our world, not always for the better.They are only tools, not a competing form of intelligence. But they will reshape what work meansand how wealth is created.Unlike the Industrial Revolution and the Computer Revolution, the A. I. revolution is nottaking certain jobs and replacing them with other jobs. Instead, it is believed to cause a wide - scaleelimination of jobs -- mostly lower - paying jobs, but some higher - paying ones, too.This transformation will result in enormous profits for the companies that develop A.I., aswell as for the companies that adopt it. We are thus facing two developments that do not sit easilytogether; enormous wealth concentrated in relatively few hands and enormous numbers of peopleout of work. What is to be done?Part of the answer will involve educating or retraining people in tasks A.I. tools aren ’goodｔat. Artificial intelligence is poorly suited for jobs involving creativity,planning and“ cross-field”thinking. But these skills are typically required by high - paying jobs that may be hard to retraindisplaced workers to do. More promising are lower -paying jobs involving the“ peoplethatskills”A.I. lacks: social workers, barmen, doormen -- professions requiring human interaction. But howmany barmen does a society really need?The solution to the problem of mass unemployment will involve“ service jobs of love. These are jobs that A. I. cannot do, that society needs and that give people a sense of purpose.Examples include accompanying an older person to visit a doctor, helping at an orphanage andserving as a sponsor at charity organization. The volunteer service jobs of today, in other words,may turn into the real jobs of the future.Other volunteer jobs may be higher - paying and professional, such as compassionate medial service providers. In all cases, people will be able to choose to work fewer hours than theydo now.56. In what aspect is the A. I. revolution different from the Industrial or the Computer revolution?A. The A.I. revolution will finally become one beyond human ’ｓcontrol.B. A. I. is believed to lead to a point in history when it takes over human intelligence.C. Higher - paying jobs will take the place of lower-paying ones in the A.I.revolution.D. It may bring about mass unemployment to matter how much employees are paid.57. The underlined word“ promising ” in paragraph 5 is closestmeaning to.A. promotionalB. demandingC. guaranteedD. potential58.What does the author suggest in the face of the A.I. revolution?A. It is sensible to encourage people to take volunteer jobs.B. People should be instructed to do less demanding jobs.C.The problem of job loss can be solved by creating lower-paying jobs.D.Jobs requiring knowledge in different fields are suitable for displaced workers.59. Which of the following may serve as the best title of the passage?A.The A.I. Revolution Creates New Job Opportunities.B.Challenges the A. I. Revolution Brings to Job Market.C. A Double - edged Sword: the A.I.Revolution.D. Interrelationship between A.I. and Unemployment.(B)Advanced Rechargeable Digital Hearing Aid Technology Only $229!The new Advanced HearClear HCR3 rechargeable hearing and combines advanced technologywith a low price to provide you with outstanding value.5 star Reviews!☆☆☆☆☆Outstanding Product!“ Thisproduct is outstanding. Dad loves it, my mom loves it, and I am grateful!Don ’ t believe that you have to spend a lot of money to geta quality hearing aid-- Gilmore” B. HCR3 Features!New Advanced Third Generation American TechnologyEasy ON / OFF ButtonAutomatic Noise Reduction and Feedback Cancellation100% Money Back Guarantee......Even Better In Pairs!Your brain is designed to use both ears working together. In fact, studies show that you may be ableto hear up to 3 times better in noisy situations when using two hearing aids. Buy a pair for the bestresults and maximum savings!Simple. Affordable. Rechargeable Digital Hearing Aid - For Only $229!The new HearClear HCR3 Rechargeable Digital Hearing Aids features advanced third generation digital technology at an unbelievably affordable Pride! The HCR3 is packed with thesame key technologies that all high end digital hearing aids share while leaving out the extra bellsand whistles that increase cost and require expensive adjustments. This helps you hear better, whilesaving you lot of money.Your new HearClear HCR3 hearing aids work at a fraction of the cost of name - brand hearingaids, and you won’ thave to keep changing the batteries! You will love the comfortable and lightweight Open - fit design. The HCR3 is pre-programmed for most moderate to significant hearing losses, so you won ’ tneed prof essional appointments to make costly adjustments. It is shipped directly to you and will help you hear better right out of the box!You can spend thousands for an expensive hearing aid, or you can spend just $249 for hearingaid that is great for most hearing losses (only $229 each when you buy a pair). We are so sure youwill love your hearing aids that we offer a 100% Money Back Guarantee - Risk Free if you are notsatisfied for any reason.60. How much will you pay if you want to buy a pair of HCR3 hearing aids?A. $229.B. $249C. $458D. $49861. Which of the following features can be added to the section Features”？“ HCR3①Built - in programs for different listening situations.②Easy access to changing batteries.③Digital sound processing chip.④Simple adjustments without professional help.A. ①③B. ①③④C. ②③④D. ①②③62. One reason why buying a pair of hearing aids is recommended is that.A.the HCR3 guarantees 100% refund if bought in pairsB.it will save consumers up to $20 for a pair of hearing aidsC.humans are pre - programmed to better hear with two earsD.people can hear triple better in various situation with two hearing aids(C)For several decades, there has been an extensive and organized campaign intended to generate distrust in science, funded by regulated industries and libertarian think tanks（自由主义智囊团）whose interests and beliefs are threatened by the findings of modern science. In response, scientists have tended to stress the success of science. After all, scientists have been right about most things, from the structure of the universe to the relativity of time and space.Quoting successes isn’ t wrong, but for many peoplenotit persuasive. What’sis typically declared to be the scientific method -- develop a supposition, then design an experiment to test it --isn’t what scientists actually do. Science is active so that new methods get invented and old onesget abandoned. The scientific method doesn’ t always work. False theories can produce true results, so even if an experiment works, it doesn’ t prove that the theory it was designed to test it true.If there is no identifiable scientific method, then what is the guarantee for trust in science?The answer is the methods by which those claims are evaluated. A scientific claim is neveraccepted as true until it has gone through a long process of examination by fellow scientists. Untilthis point, scientific feedback is typically fairly friendly. But the next step is different: once the paper is ready, it is presented to a scientific journal, where things get a whole lot tougher.Editors deliberately send scientific papers to people who are not friends or colleagues of the authors, andthe job of the reviewer is to find errors or other inadequacies. We call this process“ peereview”because the reviewers are scientific peers but they act in the role of a superior who has both the rightand the obligation to find fault. It is only after the reviewers and the editor are satisfied that anyproblems have been fixed that the paper is accepted for publication and enters the body of“ science.”Does this process ever go wrong? Of course. Scientists are human. But if we look carefullyat historical cases where science went wrong, typically there was no agreement reached by all. Somepeople argue that we should not trust science because scientists are“ alwayschanging their minds.”While examples of truly settled science being overturned are far fewer than is sometimes claimed,they do exist. But the beauty of this scientific process is that it explains what might otherwise appearparadoxica （l 矛盾的） : that science produces both novelty （新奇性） and stability. New observations,ideas, interpretations introduce novelty: trans-formative questioning leads to collective decisionsand the stability of scientific knowledge. Scientists do change their minds in the face of new evidence, but this is a strength of science, not a weakness.63. Distrust in science has been found because.A. scientists’ citing successes isn’ t persuasive for many peopleextentto someB.most scientists have tended to lay too much emphasis on the success of scienceC.a wide - ranging and organized campaign has been founded in some industries and think tanksD.someone ’benefits and beliefs are endangered by the findings of modern science64. Which of the following statements will the author agree with about a scientific method?A. A scientific method doesn’ t necessarily take effect because sciencechangingis.B. A scientific method is not right because it isn’ t whatdoscientists. actuallyC. A successful experiment can guarantee the truthfulness of a claim by a scientific method.D. True theories can produce false results because the scientific method doesn work.’ｔ65. What purpose does“ peer review” in evaluating a scientific claim mainlyserve?A.The scientific claim can be completely accepted by the reviewers in the same field.B.The scientific peers can draw right conclusions by finding its faults or other inadequacies.C.The scientific claim can be published and recognized as true in science.D.The scientific paper can be successfully submitted to a scientific journal.66. It can be inferred from the last paragraph that.A.Not all the claims about the falsehood of well-established science lead to its being overturnedB.It is inevitable that science sometimes goes wrong because it appears paradoxicalC.The beauty of science lies in the paradox of being both novel and stableD.Science is not trustful because scientists always change their minds.Section CDirections: Read the passage carefully. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box.Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.A. But legislation（法律）won ’ｔban all situations in which multitasking is unwise.B.They multitask for efficiency, to fight boredom or to keep up with social media.C.Forty - eight states have banned texting while driving.D.However, texting while biking seems so undemanding as to be harmless.E.They damage driving equivalently as far as external dangers go.F.Instead of multitasking, they take more rest breaks and get a social media fix during a break.Is Multitasking Always Good?Not only do smart-phones provide unrestricted access to information, they provide perfect opportunities to multitask. Any activity can be accompanied by music, selfies or social media updates. Of course, some people pick poor times to tweet or text, and lawmakers have steeped in.67 In Honolulu,it’illegals to text or even look at your phone while crossing the street, and inthe Netherlands they’ ve banned texting bikingwhile.68 You need to self-regulate. Understanding how the brain multitasks and why we find multitasking so appealing will help you realize the danger or pulling out your phone.Multitasking feels like doing two things at the same time, so it seems the danger lies in asking one mental process to do two unrelated things -- for texting drivers, watching the screen andthe road.Twenty states have instituted bans on driving using a hand - held phone while still allowing hands - free calls. Yet hands - free or hand - held makes no difference. 69The real problem isthe switch of attention between the conversation and road, and that affects performance.Please sense this, and when on the phone they drive slower and increase their following distance, but they are far too confident that these measures reduce risks. This overconfidence extends to other activities. A 2015 survey showed that a majority of students who use social media,text or watch TV while studying think that they can still comprehend the material they ’ restudying.People don ’multitaskｔ merely because they see no harm in it; they see benefits.70 Most people will still choose to multitask. But they should, at the very least , be fully aware of how that choice affects them and the potential consequences for themselves and others. They need to payattention to how much -- or how little -- they are paying attention.Ⅳ. Summary WritingDirections:Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s)of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.71.The Zeigarnik EffectHave you ever found yourself thinking about a partially finished project for school or workwhen you were trying to focus on other things? Or perhaps you wondered what would happen nextin your favorite TV show or film s eries. If you have, you’ ve experienced the Zeigarnik effectYou. tend to remember unfinished tasks better than finished tasks. Knowledge of the Zeigarnik effect canbe put into use in everyday life.The effect is especially well suited for helping overcome procrastination or delaying an action to a later time. We often put off big tasks that seem overwhelming. However, the Zeigarnikeffect suggests that the key to overcoming procrastination is to just get started. The first step couldbe something small and seemingly insignificant. In fact, it’ s probably best if it easy.The Zeigarnik effect can be useful for students who are studying for an exam. The effecttells us that breaking up study periods can actually improve recall. So instead of cramming for anexam all in one sitting, breaks should be scheduled in which the student focuses on something else.This will cause intrusive （侵入的）thoughts,enabling students to rehearse and consolidate the information that must be remembered, leading to better recall when they take the exam.The Zeigarnik effect also points to reasons why people may experience mental health problems. If an individual leaves important tasks incomplete, the intrusive thoughts that result canlead to stress, anxiety, difficulty sleeping, and emotional distress. Conversely, completing a task cangive an individual a sense of accomplishment and lead to a feeling of closure that can improve psychological well - being.The Zeigarnik effect can actually be used to positively impact your work productivity.Ⅴ. TranslationDirections: Translation the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.72.导游让旅客相信许多欧洲小镇的确值得看一看。
2019届上海市各区高三英语一模试卷题型分类专题汇编--听力部分--老师版(纯净word带答案已校对终结版)
I. Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections:In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1. A. At a kindergarten. B. In a hospital. C. At a police station. D. In a library.2. A. A journalist. B. A tailor. C. An electrician. D. An operator.3. A. Her glasses are broken. B. She can’t see the time on the sign.C. She loses her glasses.D. The museum is out of sight.4. A. The kids will enjoy the movie.B. The movie will be quite boring.C. The kids will be surprised at the movie.D. The movie will not be suitable for kids to see.5. A. Positive. B. Negative. C. Neutral. D. Unclear.6. A. He isn’t an experienced skier.B. He has never been to Central Mountains.C. He doesn’t plan to go skiing during spring break.D. He doesn’t recommend going to Central Mountains.7. A. The bad weather stopped him. B. His shoes were worn out.C. He didn’t like hiking trip.D. He was too exhausted to continue.8. A. The woman is afraid of the potential noise.B. The woman doesn’t like living in the suburbs.C. The woman has sleeping problems.D. The woman will sign the rental contract.9. A. Make up for the inconvenience. B. Arrange accommodation for him.C. Explain the cause of the cancellation.D. Allow him to take another flight that night.10. A. All work requires high speed.B. Working too fast may lead to undesirable outcomes.C. The result may not be as bad as the man has expected.D. You can never lay too much emphasis on the fast speed.Section BDirections: In Section B, you will hear two short passages and one longer conversation, and you will be asked several questions on each of the passages and the conversation. The passages and the conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.11. A. It can work automatically. B. Its battery can run all night.C. It can clean the office windows.D. It cleans as fast as human cleaners.12. A. To start a robot cleaning company.B. To develop a better model for the market.C. To increase the profit of the robotic business.D. To develop a long-lasting battery for the current model.13. A. Its work efficiency. B. Its appearance.C. Its sense of direction.D. Its robotic arm.Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.14. A. Encouraging physical activity. B. Ensuring a healthy lifestyle.C. Reducing the risk of bone weakening.D. Protecting them from fatal diseases.15. A. Women’s change in a day. B. The damage of depression.C. The proper use of certain chemicals.D. The healthiest place in the office.16. A. Whether it is a useful item. B. Whether it is to receivers’ taste.C. Whether it is a general gift.D. Whether it is at a reasonable price. Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.17. A. Fill in an application form.B. Send in an application letter.C. Make an appointment for an interview.D. Make a brief self-introduction on the phone.18. A. Someone having a college degree in advertising.B. Someone experienced in business management.C. Someone ready to take on more responsibilities.D. Someone willing to work beyond regular hours.19. A. Travel opportunities. B. Decent pay.C. Prospects for promotion.D. Flexible working hours.20. A. It is to be negotiated.B. It is about 500 pounds a week.C. It depends on the working hours.D. It will be set by the Human Resources.Keys: 1-5 ACBDC 6-10 DDABB 11-13 ABA 14-16 CDB 17-20 BDAA听力录音稿I. Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections:In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1. M:Miss Jessica, my daughter didn’t sleep well last night. Will you please give her some extra attention today?W: Just relax yourself, Mr. Simon. All the kids will be taken good care of here.Q: Where does this conversation most probably take place?2. W: Hello, this is Mrs. Anderson. There is a power cut in my house. Could you please come over and fix it?M:Don’t worry, madam. I’l l be there in a minute.Q:What’s the probable occupation of the man?3. M: Does the sign say the museum is open every day from 10 to 8?W:Sorry, I haven’t got my glasses.Q: What does the woman mean?4. M: Caroline, could you take the kids to the movie The Predator?W:Yeah…but don’t you think the movie is too violent for them?Q: What does the woman mean?5. M: What do you think of the study tours? They are so popular these days.W:On the one hand, they do broaden students’ horizons. On the other hand, they always overcharge students.Q:What is the woman’s attitude towards study tours?6. W:I’m thinking about spending my spring break skiing at Central Mountains. You were there last year, how was it?M: To be completely honest, it left a lot to be desired.Q: What does the man imply?7. W: I heard you took part in a marathon last weekend.M: Yes, I really wore myself out, so I stopped halfway.Q: Why did the man give up the marathon halfway?8. M: Mrs. Williams, are you satisfied with this apartment? We can sign the apartment rentalcontract at your earliest convenience.W:I’m sorry, but I’m afraid you have to look for another one. This one is too near the airport and I am worried about my sleep quality.Q: What does the woman mean?9. W: I am terribly sorry, but your flight has been cancelled.M: What! In that case I hope you will put me up somewhere tonight.Q: What does the man expect the woman to do for him?10. M: It took me only half an hour to finish the exam. But the result was terrible.W:You should know that “More haste, less speed.”Q: What does the woman mean?Section BDirections:In Section B, you will hear two short passages and one longer conversation, and you will be asked several questions on each of the passages and the conversation. The passages and the conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear aquestion, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.An office cleaning robot is being put through its paces by Dussmann, one of German’s largest cleaning companies. Their goal is to get it to work alongside human cleaners in large offices, emptying bins and sweeping floors.The robot was developed by roboticist Richard Borman and his colleagues. It is designed to do two tasks -- clean the floors and empty wastepaper baskets automatically. It can recognize dirt on the floor and identify wastepaper baskets before its robotic arm grabs and then empties each dustbin.However, it cleans too slowly. “Humans can do about 450 to 500 square meters an hour,” said Borman. “The robot can only do 100 to 120 square meters an hour.”Borman is applying for a fund to work with Dussmann and develop a commercial model that should be much quicker. It also needs a longer-lasting battery: the current model has only four hours of power, but a commercial one would need to run all night.Only big offices are suitable for this kind of robot. Humans would have to move it between small offices, which affects the profits. Other cleaning robots do exist, but they have only one function and can’t navi gate a building automatically.(Now listen again, please.)Questions:11. Which of the following best describes the new office cleaning robot?12. What is Borman and Dussmann’s long term plan?13. Which aspect of the cleaning robot needs to be further improved?Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following news.Good evening. I’m Mary Smith with the news from medical science.Enjoying life may pay off in an unexpected way. European researchers collected data from more than 2,000 women and followed up after ten years. Women who found life less satisfying experienced 52 percent more bone weakening in their later years than those who found life more satisfying; the results were independent of lifestyle, diseases, physical activities, and other health factors. Though the exact relationship is still unclear, experts say promoting good spirits in theelderly people is just as important as promoting a healthy lifestyle.The healthiest place to sit in the office is near a window. Brazilian researchers assessed 20 women in a workspace for a week. Half worked by a window, while the other half did not. By 10 p.m., the women sitting far away from a window had higher levels of the chemical linked with depression symptoms.Consider a gift card for your friend’s birthday this year? New research presented at a Society for Personality and Social Psychology conference shows that when individuals are given a choice between giving and receiving a general or specific gift, givers pride themselves on tailoring gifts to their loved ones. However, receivers prefer more general gifts, like gift cards. But don’t necessarily choose cash as gifts: related research has found that when people get cash, they feel obliged to spend it on “useful” items rather than treating themselves.(Now listen again, please.)Questions:14. What good does enjoying life do to elderly people according to European researchers?15. What does the second piece of news mainly talk about?16. What do givers think more important while choosing a gift?Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.M:I’m phoning up about this job you’ve advertised in this paper, t his uh, young sales manager. W: Oh, yes.M:I’d like to apply for it. Would you send me an application form?W: No, you simply send in a written application, a letter.M: Can you tell me a bit more about the job?W: Well, we are really looking for someone who isn’t too concerned about working fairly long hours.M: What do you mean by long hours?W: This is a job which does as the advertisement says have travel possibilities and very often one would be away at weekends, for instance.M: Oh, I thought you meant working in evenings and working overtime.W: Well, it could also mean working in the evenings, but for a managerial post we don’t pay for overtime. That’s for other grades.M: Oh, what kind of money are you paying then?W: Well, this is to be negotiated. Oh. It depends partly on your experience and education. Perhaps you can tell me briefly what that is.M:I’ve just left school and got A-level in geography.W: Oh, I see.M:And it’s the travel that appeals to me. That’s why I’m inquiring about the job.W: Yes, I see. What sort of salary were you thinking in terms of?M: Starting off, I thought it would be something of 500 pounds a week.W:Well, send in your application letter, and then we’ll consider your case along with all the other applicants.M: All right, many thanks. Good bye.W: Bye.(Now listen again, please.)Questions:17. What does the woman say the applicant should do first to apply for the job?18. What kind of person is the company looking for?19. What does the man like most about the job?20. What does the woman say about the salary if the man is accepted by the company?I. Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper,and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1. A. Waiter and guest. B. Trainer and trainee.C. Policeman and driver.D. Teacher and student.2. A. At Susan Baker’s. B. At the computer company.C. In his own office.D. In a restaurant.3. A. Line 1. B. Line 2. C. No. 952. D. No. 925.4. A. He acted in the drama at the last minute. B. He finall y decided to quit the drama.C. He hesitated to play a role in the drama.D. He made up his mind to see the drama.5. A. She isn’t sure whether Jessica will come. B. She can’t speak to Jessica now.C. Jessica is always late for activities.D. She can’t bear Jessica’s being late.6. A. Frank moved to the suburbs recently.B. John bought a new house in the suburbs.C. Frank is a friend of the Wilsons’.D. The Wilsons bought a new house at a good price.7. A. The exam was easier than Jane had expecteB. It’s easy for Jane to do better in the next exam.C. Jane failed to do well in the last exam.D. Jane has just forgot about the exam.8. A. Buy some new furniture. B. Complain to the landlord.C.Hunt for a new apartment.D. Change the content of a rent contract.9. A. She didn’t feel like going. B. She didn’t think it would be fun.C. She hadn’t been inviteD. She wasn’t feeling well last night.10. A. Invest in the old model. B. Have the old washing machine fixed.C. Buy a new washing machine.D. Design a new style model.Section BDirections:In Section B, you will hear two short passages and one longer conversation. After each passage or conversation, you will be asked several questions. The passages and the conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.11. A. It is only famous for being America’s backyard.B. Quebec is its largest province, which is eight times larger than UK.C. The area of Ontario is larger than that of Spain and France combined.D. All of the Canadians will speak French while they are in Ottawa.12. A. Enjoy the Pacific Ocean on the western coast of Canada.B. Breathe fresh air in the beautiful mountains.C. Experience incredible hiking and limitless wildlife.D. Visit the city of Vancouver on Vancouver Island.13. A. Niagara Falls is the oldest natural wonders of the world.B. Rainbows can be easily seen above the mists from miles away.C. Visitors can appreciate breathtaking views of the Falls from different angles.D. Newly married couples visit the Falls after the wedding.Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.14. A. To prepare the students for the next reading assignment.B. To provide background information for a class discussion.C. To review material from a previous lesson.D. To prepare for a quiz on chapter six.15. A. Insurance companies. B. Sailors．C. Manufacturers.D. Merchants.16. A. They include features similar to earlier policies.B. They are totally different from the ones in the Middle Ages.C. They contain only four earlier policies in chapter six.D. They don’t provide shipping protection any more.Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.17. A. He just has no time to buy one. B. He grew up after it became common.C. He thinks a good one costs too much.D. He doesn’t think it does good to life.18. A. A computer. B. A video camera. C. An FM radio. D. A fax machine.19. A. He thought telephone bills might be a burden.B. He was disappointed at the telephones on each street corner.C. He believed he simply didn’t need it for anything.D. He would contact his friends with the help of his computer.20. A. He gets great enjoyment when he goes on the Internet.B. He regards the jet plane as the only modern form of media.C. He links up with people from foreign countries by the Internet.D. He thinks the international communication won’t develop without the jet planeKeys: 1-5 CDCBA 6-10 DCCAC 11-13 CDC 14-16 BDA 17-20 DCCB听力录音稿I. Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1. M: Madam, why didn’t you wear your seat belt?W: I’m sorry, sir. Will I have to pa y a fine?Q: What is the probable relationship between the two speakers?2. W: Good morning. This is Susan Baker at Sunshine Computer Company. Is Michael Smith there?M: Sorry, he is out for lunch. May I take a message?Q: Where is Michael Smith most probably now?3. M: Could you tell me the best way to get to Shanghai Grand Theater?W: Yes. You can go there by subway, Line 1 or 2. You can also take Bus No. 952.Q: Which bus gets to Shanghai Grand Theater?4. W: Wasn’t Steve supposed to take part in this new drama?M: Yes, but he backed out at the last minute.Q: What do we learn about Steve?5. M: Jessica is already 40 minutes late. Do you think she changed her mind about coming to join us?W: Actually, I can’t say for sure.Q: What does the woman imply?6. W: Frank, did you hear about the house that the Wilsons bought in the suburbs?M: Yes, their friend John said that they got a very good deal on it.Q: What can we learn from this conversation?7. M: Listen to me, Jane, the exam is already a thing of the past. Just forget about it.W: That’s easier said than done.Q: What can we infer from the conversation?8. W: Have you got a chance to talk to your landlord about your rent contract yet?M: No t yet. Don’t you think he will let me go away?Q: What will the man most probably do next?9. M: Why didn’t you show up at Sandy’s party last night? We missed you a lot.W: I just didn’t think I was in a party mood.Q: Why didn’t the woman attend the par ty?10. W: My washing machine is more than fifteen years old and it wouldn’t work last night.M: I don’t think it worth repairing. So it might be time to invest in a new model.Q: What does the man suggest the woman do?Section BDirections:In Section B, you will hear two short passages and one longer conversation. After each passage or conversation, you will be asked several questions. The passages and the conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.Canada is not just America’s backyard, but a world of all its own as well. This land of unspoiled nature and European-style cities is a country that warms tourists’ souls with its many beautiful treasures.Quebec is Canada’s largest province. Seven times the size of the UK, it offers beautiful scenery and modern cities with European charm. Ontario is Canada’s second largest province. It’s larger than Spain and France combined. The Ontario landscape varies greatly, and it offers many outdoor activities for travelers. Ottawa is Canada’s capital. You’ll hear a lot of Canadian F rench spoken here. People enjoy natural lifestyles and seem happy to jog or cycle to work.British Columbia shoulders the Pacific Ocean on the western coast of Canada. This province offers fresh air, beautiful mountains, incredible hiking and limitless wildlife and whale adventures. British Columbia’s capital city, Victoria, is at the southern tip of Vancouver Island. Despite its name, the city of Vancouver is not on Vancouver Island, but on the Canadian mainland.As one of the greatest natural wonders of the world, Niagara Falls has attracted visitors fromaround the world for hundreds of years. On sunny days, rain bows rise just above the mists. The loud noise of the Falls can be heard from miles away and visitors can board a boat, a cable car, or a helicopter for more breathtaking views of the Falls. Among the 12 million annual tourists to Niagara Falls are some 50,000 honeymooning couples. It is something of a tradition in the northeastern United States and Canada for newly married couples to visit the Falls.11. Which of the following is TRUE about Canada?12. What are you not likely to do in British Columbia province?13. Why is Niagara Falls so attractive?Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.I hope you’ve all finished reading the assigned chapter on insurance—so that you are prepared for our discussion today. But, before we start, I’d like to mention a few things your text doesn’t go into.It’s interesting to note that insurance has existed in some form for a very long time. T he earliest insurance policies provided shipping protection for merchants as far back as 3000 B.C.In general, the contracts were often no more than oral agreements. They granted loans to merchants with the understanding that if a particular shipment of goods was lost at sea, the loan didn’t have to be repaid. Interest on the loans varied according to how risky it was to transport the goods. During periods of heavy robbery at sea, for example, the amount of interest and the cost of the policy went up considerably.So, you can see how insurance helped encourage international trade. Even the most cautious merchants became willing to risk shipping their goods over long distances when they had this kind of protection available.Generally speaking, the basic form of an insurance policy has been pretty much the same since the Middle Ages. There are four points that were marked then and remain important in all polices today. These were outlined in chapter six and will serve as the b asis for the rest of today’s discussion. Can anyone tell me what one of those points might be?14. Why does the speaker give such a talk?15. Who were the first insurance contracts designed to protect?16. What does the speaker say about current insurance policies?Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.W: Robert, I know you have special feelings about the media.M: I do. I’ve never had a television in my life. I grew up before television was really common and I just don’t have time for it. I think you have to look at the trade-off for whatever you do.W: What do you mean by trade-off?M: What it costs, not only in money, but in terms of whether it does good to your life. I have no real machines in my apartment. Well, I do have an FM radio.W: Yeah, what do you listen to?M: Oh, weather reports, good music. And I have a telephone now, but I lived for eight years without one.W: Eight years without a telephone?M: Well, I discovered there were telephones on every street corner and I really didn’t need one for anything.W: Do you have a computer?M: I do not own a computer. Because when I go on the Internet, I’m always disappointed. You see, I think modern technology destroys all the beauty and meaning in life. That’s not the way I want to live my life.W: Aren’t there any good things that the modern media brings us?M: Well, the only modern form of media I really like is the jet plane. I mean, I know it’s not “the media,” but I really consider it to be a form of communication. It h as allowed me to travel all over the world. I get great enjoyment out of traveling. I link up with people from foreign countries, I meet them, I talk to them, and so in that way, the jet plane has improved international communication, much more than fax or email will ever do.W: What an interesting idea! Thank you, Robert.17. Why has Robert never had a television in his life?18. Which type of modern machine does Robert have now in his apartment?19. According to Robert, why didn’t he have a telephone for eight years?20. Which of the statements is TRUE about Robert according to the conversation?I. Listening ComprehensionSection A （10分）Directions:In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1. A. Blue. B. Green. C. Yellow. D. Purple.2. A. 7:15. B. 7:45. C. 8:00. D. 8:15.3. A. In a restaurant. B. At the man’s house.C. In a supermarket.D. In the hospital.4. A. The CEO won’t be free at that time.B. The lecture hall isn’t big enough.C. The equipment in the lecture hall is out of order.D. The lecture hall is not reserved early enough.5. A. An athlete. B. A fitness instructor.C. A mechanic.D. A medical doctor.6. A. Take a deep breath. B. Take some aspirin.C. See a doctor.D. Drive to the hospital.7. A. The man shouldn’t order food in such awful weather.B. The delay of the delivery is caused by the awful weather.C. There is a problem with the policy of food delivery.D. The man should have his delivery fee returned.8. A. Having an outing. B. Ordering various drinks.C. Preparing for a party.D. Choosing suitable drinks.9. A. Thoughtful. B. Terrified. C. Apologetic. D. Annoyed.10. A. He followed his grandmother’s steps of cooking.B. He has a great talent for cooking.C. He is a green hand in cooking.D. He improved the dish of his grandmother.Section BDirections: In Section B, you will hear two passages and a longer conversation, and you will be asked several questions on each of the passages and the conversation. The passages and the conversation will be read twice, but the question will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following lecture.11. A. Literature. B. Business. C. Cooking. D. History.12. A. Christopher Columbus. B. People in Mexico.C. Hernando Cortez.D. Daniel Peter.13. A. The development of chocolate. B. The introduction of Cortez.C. The contributions of Columbus.D. The usage of cocoa beans.Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.14. A. Les Misréables. B. Red.C. My Week with Marilyn.D. The Theory of Everything.15. A. He rose to fame overnight.B. He has been a household name.C. He was recommended by Prince Harry.D. He first appeared in a stage play in 2004.16. A. His small brown spots on the face.B. His graduation from famous schools.C. His remarkable gift for performing on stage.D. His involvement in various styles of performance.Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.17. A. A chef tends to work at entry level jobs.B. A chef works in a non-professional setting.C. A chef has the ability to create the recipe.。
2019年上海市虹口区高考英语一模试卷
2019 年上海市虹口区高考英语一模试卷I. Listening ComprehensionSection A （10 分）Directions：In Section A，you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation， a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it ，read the four possible answers on your paper，and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard. 1．（1 分）A ．At a kindergarten ．B．In a hospital ．C．At a police station ．D．In a library ．2．（1 分）A ． A journalist ．B．A tailor ．C．An electrician ．D．An operator ．3．（1 分）A ．Her glasses are broken．B．She can't see the time on the sign．C．She loses her glasses．D．The museum is out of sight ．4．（1 分）A ．The kids will enjoy the movie ．B．The movie will be quite boring ．C．The kids will be surprised at the movie ．D．The movie will not be suitable for kids to see ．5．（1 分）A ．Positive．B．Negative．C．Neutral ．D．Unclear．6．（1 分）A ．He isn't an experienced skier ．B．He has never been to Central Mountains ．C．He doesn't plan to go skiing during spring break ．D．He doesn't recommend going to Central Mountains ．7．（1 分）A ．The bad weather stopped him．B．His shoes were worn out ．C．He didn't like hiking trip ．D．He was too exhausted to continue．8．（1 分）A ．The woman is afraid of the potential noise ．B．The woman doesn't like living in the suburbs ．C．The woman has sleeping problems．D．The woman will sign the rental contract ．9．（1 分）A ．Make up for the inconvenience ．B．Arrange accommodation for him ．C．Explain the cause of the cancellation ．D．Allow him to take another flight that night ．10．（1 分）A ．All work requires high speed ．B．Working too fast may lead to undesirable outcomes ．C．The result may not be as bad as the man has expected．D．You can never lay too much emphasis on the fast speed．Section BDirection ：In Section B，you will hear two short passages and one longer conversation，and you will be asked several questions on each of the passagesand the conversation. The passages and the conversation will be read twice，but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question ，read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard. 11．（4.5 分）（1）A ．It can work automatically ．B．Its battery can run all night ．C．It can clean the office windows ．D．It cleans as fast as human cleaners．（2）A．To start a robot cleaning company ．B．To develop a better model for the market ．C．To increase the profit of the robotic business ．D．To develop a long ﹣lasting battery for the current model ．（3）A．Its work efficiency ．B．Its appearance．C．Its sense of direction ．D．Its robotic arm ．12．（4.5 分）（1）A．Encouraging physical activity ．B．Ensuring a healthy lifestyle ．C．Reducing the risk of bone weakening ．D．Protecting them from fatal diseases ．（2）A．Women's change in a day．B．The damage of depression．C．The proper use of certain chemicals ．D．The healthiest place in the office ．（3）A．Whether it is a useful item ．B．Whether it is to receivers' taste ．C．Whether it is a general gift ．D．Whether it is at a reasonable price ．13．（6 分）（1）A．Fill in an application form ．B．Send in an application letter ．C．Make an appointment for an interview ．D．Make a brief self ﹣introduction on the phone ．（2）A．Someone having a college degree in advertising ．B．Someone experienced in business management．C．Someone ready to take on more responsibilities ．D．Someone willing to work beyond regular hours ．（3）A．Travel opportunitiesB．Decent pay．C．Prospects for promotionD．Flexible working hours ．（4）A．It is to be negotiated ．B．It is about 500 pounds a week ．C．It depends on the working hours ．D．It will be set by the Human Resource ．II. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections ：After reading the passage below，fill inthe blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with agiven word，fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word ；for the other blanks，use one word that best fits each blank.14．（10 分）Dear headmaster，On hearing the news that a Reading Festival is to be held on campus on the World Book and Copyright Day and the possible project is open to be recommended，I （1 ）hardly wait to write to you ，sharing my humble opinions ．As far as I'm concerned ，the theme of the festival can be "sharing" ，primarily （2）（consist）of three parts．Firstly ，the festival can start with a 30 ﹣minute discussion where groups of students can exchange and share what they （3）（expose）to recently ，expressing themselves freely．Following this section is the speech．Teacher and student representatives previously selected by us are to share and recommend the book they think really deserving to be read ．It's needless to say that the last sharing section which is the most meaningful is donation ，during （4）time everyone present，teachers or students，is expected to donate one or more books to the library ．As for when （5）（hold）the activity ，the afternoon may be an ideal choice so that it won't interrupt our classes ．My advice is justified by the following reasons ．First and foremost ，it is in the group discussion and exchange that we students can have a thorough idea（6）our peers are reading for the moment ，serving as a driving force for our own reading journey ．So it is （7）the books recommended．Named by those "idols" in our mind ，they will definitely win our heart．As for the donation ，the benefits are exactly self ﹣evident．（8）can we share beyond our class or even beyond our school，developing a good campus tradition ，but （9）（importantly ），these books which are sure to be dusted on our shelves can now be of more value．I'm looking forward to your favorable reply ．And （10）is my sincere hope that the festival can be a great success and we can gain a lot from it ．Yours，第4 页（共45 页）Amy Young Section BDirections：Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each wordcan be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.15．（10 分）A．deliberate B．distinction C．polish D．credit E．dependentF．occasionallyG．feasibility H．shift I．fulfilling J．signals K．continuously Overcoming Obstacles ：How Your Biggest Failure Can Lead to Your Success There's been a lot written on the theme of failure and how essential it is to success ．In a world where （1 ）is given for people's accomplishments ，failing feels dangerous．The fear of failure can stop people taking disks that might lead to success ．Heidi Grant Halvorson ，a psychologist，points out much of success is （2）not on talent but on learning from your mistakes ．About half of the people in the world hold that ability in an area ﹣﹣﹣be it creative or social skill ﹣﹣﹣is natural．To other half believes ，instead，that someone might have a preference or something ﹣say painting or speaking foreign languages ﹣but this ability can be improved through （3）practice or training ．It's almost impossible to think rationally （理性地）while shouting at yourself ，"I'm a failure" ．But when you （4）your thinking ，you will probably see what you can control ﹣your behavior ，your planning ，your reactions ﹣and change them．The primary （5）between successful people and unsuccessful people is that the successful people fail more ．If you see failure as a monster approaching you ，take another look．Success is as scary as failure ．Researchers report that satisfaction grows on challenges．Think about it ﹣ a computer game you can always win is boring ；one you can win （6），and with considerable effort ，is fun．In pursuit of success，failure exposes areas that you need to（7）．So the failure serves as a brick wall to test how you apply yourself to （8）your objectives and how much you want them ．There is a way to distinguish whether a failure （9）you to double down or walkaway，says Halvorson．If ，when things get rough ，you remain fascinated by your goal ，you should keep going ．If what you're doing is costing you too much time and energy or it's not bringing you joy ，you should give second thought to the（10）of your goal and even set a new one．III. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections ：For each blank in the following passagethere are four words or phrases marked A ，B，C and D. Fill in each blank with the word orphrase that fits the context.16．（15 分）This article is for all of the teenagers out there ．Even though （1）you are years from being fully grown ，society regularly expects you to adult ．Yes，you are （2）in many ways ；many of you drive and do so quite safely ，and you handle schedules that would （3）many adults．But you probably cannot process caffeine （咖啡因）as constantly as your parents can because of your still﹣g rowing bodies and brains ．I understand it feels grown﹣u p to be drinking a cup of Starbucks ．But all of this caffeinemay worsen your anxiety ，affect tonight's sleep and tomorrow's school performance ，（4）nutrient absorption and even cause real trouble when mixed with alcohol ．The following four aspects may well （5）the theme of this article ．The power of caffeineCaffeine is widely considered a drug that is socially acceptable ，universally used ，even cool，but it still causes （6）symptoms such as headaches，fatigue and a lack of attention when removed from coffee﹣a ddicts' diets．How much is healthy ？Caffeine is by no means a nutrient ；you do not need it to be healthy ．（7），it is a substance that can leave you lacking nutrients because it has been shown to reduce calcium（钙）．Caffeine probable causes the body to release water．And the more caffeinated drinks you consume ，the less likely you are to drink water ．So experts say that adolescents should consume （8）amount of caffeine a day （≤100mg）．Caffeine's （9）．According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention ，about 65percent of middle and higher schoolers are（10）to insufficient sleep on school nights ．Some of their sleep problems can be mainly attributed to （归因于）caffeine，which can remain in the bodyfor seven hours after（11），thus causing teens worse performance the next day．It is widely assumed that adequate sleep （12 ）proper growth and brain development．During childhood and adolescence，the brain goes through a period called synaptic pruning （突触修剪）when unnecessary connections are promoted．Caffeine labellingCaffeine is not listed on the Nutrition Facts column on food labels because it is not a （13）．It may be listed as an ingredient ，but the amount is not required ．Caffeine is now added to foods such as gum，candy and water，along with makeup and beauty products that（14）to reduce swelling （肿块）Taste preferences and eating habits are often cultivated in childhood and adolescence，so teens，when you consume sweet，caffeinated drinks every time you feel sluggish （无精打采的，you are creating a pattern that may be hard to break as an adult．It is advisable to come up with other （15）ways to boost energy so that you can master adulting better than many adults．（1）A．potentially B．necessarily C．developmentally D．materially（2）A．mature B．experienced C．productive D．disciplined （3）A．delight B．frustrate C．liberate D．exclude（4）A．promote B．assist C．intensify D．discourage （5）A．call for B．account for C．turn to D．appeal to（6）A．withdrawal B．addiction C．nutrition D．infection（7）A．Therefore B．Instead C．Moreover D．Otherwise（8）A．initial B．sufficient C．moderate D．stable（9）A．reputations B．confirmations C．implications D．disadvantages （10）A．subjected B．alerted C．reduced D．opposed（11）A ．stimulation B．concentration C．excitement D．consumption （12）A ．results from B．contributes to C．benefits from D．attends to （13）A．therapy B．material C．nutrient D．substitute（14）A．fail B．appear C．promise D．happen（15）A．instructive B．comprehensive C．extensive D．alternative Section BDirections：Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A ，B，C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage youhave just read.17．（8 分）There aren't many actors around the world who have enough self ﹣confidence to turn down an offer from Steven Spielberg．Maybe that was why Juliette Binoche gave him a choice．She said she'd be happy to be in Jurassic Park as long as she could play a dinosaur．Of course he turned her down and it was probably a good thing ．It's difficult to imagine Juliette ripping people apart with her teeth ．However，her decision doesn't seem to have done her career ．She has gone on to make a string of hits including The Unbearable Lightness of Being ，The English Patient （for which she won an Oscar ）and Chocolat．Success in the United States has not been so easy for other foreign stars．Gerald Depardieu is a good example．Since his first film in 1967 ，his filmography （影片集锦）lists 172 acting credits ．But he has struggled on the other side of the pond ．While some of his films have been popular in the US ，they have usually been French films that travelled ．One possible exception was Green Card，directed by Peter Weir，where he plays a French immigrant who goes through a fake wedding in order to stay and work in the United States．This is a predictable but sweet romantic comedy which typecasts （分配同一类型角色）its lead actors in terms of national stereotypes ．While some reviewers were kind ，others shredded both the film and Depardieu's performance ．While Monsieur Depardieu hasn't received the recognition he would have liked in the United States，one Mexican actor has achieved almost instant success ．Gael Garcia Bernal first gained recognition in Amores Perros in 2000 and a year later in Ytu mama tambien．Since then he has appeared with hometown hero，Brad Pitt in Babel and ，under the direction of top producer and director ，Jim Jarmusch，he starred in Limits of Control ．He hasn't picked up an Oscar yet ，but he was nominated for a BAFTA （英国电影电视艺术学院奖）in 2005 for his performance as the South American hero revolutionary Che Guevara ，inMotorcycle Diaries ．In the same year he played American music icon Elvis Presley in The King ．（1）It can be inferred from the passage that Juliette Binoche ．A ．very much wanted to be in Jurassic ParkB．didn't want to be in Jurassic ParkC．really wanted to play a dinosaur in Jurassic ParkD．was hesitant whether she could play a dinosaur well（2）According to the writer ，Gerald Depardieu's most popular films ．A ．have been made in HollywoodB．have only been seen in EuropeC．have been made in France，but seen in other countries，tooD．have been made in Hollywood ，but well received in France（3）The last sentence in Para 2 "others shredded both the film and Depardieu's performance"means others thought Depardieu's performance and the film were ．A ．complexB．interestingC．terribleD．impressive（4）The writer's purpose in writing this article is to suggest that ．A ．Foreign actors generally do well in the United StatesB．American actors are able to earn more money than foreign actorsC．Foreign actors are playing an irreplaceable role in the United StatesD． a successful career in Europe or Latin America doesn't guarantee success in the USA 18．（6 分）You are going to read three competitions which offer holidays as prizes ．Competition Oneclearly CANADA Accommodation for the winner and guest will Vancouver is a stylish ，metropolitan centre be at Shangri﹣La's Pacific Palisades Hotel ，with the scenic Pacific Ocean at its feet and one of Vancouver's first ﹣class hotels．They impressive coastal mountains behind ．To give will enjoy a luxury executive suite ，with you the chance to experience its delights for stunning views over the harbour ，and use of yourself，Options magazine has teamed up the hotel's health club and pool ．Ten runners ﹣up will receive a bottle of ‘Clearly with ‘Clearly Canadian'﹣a blend of native Canadian fruit flavours and sparkling water ﹣Canadian' and an exclusively designed T﹣to bring you this great competition ．shirt．The lucky prizewinner and guest will enjoy a While in Vancouver ，you will have many fabulous ten﹣day getaway，flying direct to opportunities to sample Canadian city Vancouver with Canadian Airlines ．On life ．Browse in fashionable shops ，linger in board，they will enjoy an in ﹣flight movie sidewalk Caf és or relax on the beach．while sampling a delicious meal served on real Buy this magazine next week and we'll give china．you the competition details ．Competition TwoWIN A FABULOUSHOLIDAY FOR TWO!Visit the deserted city of Fatehpur Sikri ．Stand back in amazement as you marvel atthe wildlife reserves where you'll see exotic birds and possibly even a tiger! Theseare just some of the sights you'll experience on the thrilling ten ﹣day ‘MoghulHighlights' holiday ．The holiday begins with a tour of Old Delhi ．Proceeding by road to Agra ，you'llstop on the way to see the Tomb of Akbar ．Moving on to see Agra Fort and the beautiful Taj Mahal on the banks of the Yamuna River ，your group will then explore Akbar's red sandstone city ，Fatehpur Sikri ，built in 1574 ．Lunch will be taken in the Keoladeo National Park at Bharatpur ， a birdwatcher's paradise．This fantastic holiday package includes the return flight from Heathrow to Delhi ，the holiday tour and insurance ．All breakfasts while in India are included but holiday participants will need to buy meals at local restaurants in India ．Competition ThreeWin a week of luxury in BUDAPESTThe lucky winner and a friend will fly direct to Budapest International Airport and will then be taken to The Palace Hotel，a luxurious hotel set in its own large park on the banks of the river Danube．The Palace Hotel is just two years old ﹣a modern addition to the ancient skyline ．You'll enjoy five nights' bed and breakfast accommodation in a room that overlooks the river Danube，and will be treated to dinner in the Caf éSuisse．We have not ordered lunch for youbut it is available in the restaurant ，The week in Budapest can be spent at leisure either relaxing in the hotel and its grounds ，or wandering arcade．Alternatively ，The Palace Hotel has extensive health club facilities ﹣including an indoor pool and a free steam bath ．If you're feeling really energetic ，you could player a game of tennis or jog around the ground on the two ﹣mile landscaped track．To make sure you take in some of the sights of Budapest ，you may wish to book at very reasonable cost a day's sightseeing with President Holidays ．Look at the next page to see whatyou have to do．（1）Which competition extract （s）describe（s）what will happen on the flight ？A ．Competition OneB．Competition TwoC．Competition ThreeD．Competition One and Two（2）Which holiday prize （s）will offer you the chance to stay longer than a week ？A ．Competition OneB．Competition TwoC．Competition One and ThreeD．Competition One and Two（3）If you want to exercise during the holiday ，which competition（s）will you take part in ？A ．Competition OneB．Competition TwoC．Competition One and ThreeD．Competition One and Two19．（8 分）The purpose of a map is to express graphically the relations of points and features on the earth's surface to each other ．These are determined by distance and direction ．In early time distance was often expressed in units of time ，for example "so many hours "or " a day's journey" by river" ，but such measurements gave more information in the relative ease of crossing the local terrain than they did about actual distance ．The other element is direction ，but for the ordinary traveler ，whose main concern was "Where do I go from here ？" and "How far away is it ？"，the accurate representation of direction was not of primary importance．Partly for this reason，written itineraries（行程）for a long time rivaled maps．Even today，certain types of maps ，for example ，those showing railway systems ，may make little attempt to show true directions ．Similarly ，obvious landmarks along a route were at first indicated by signs ，realistic or conventional （惯常的），and varied in size to indicate their importance ．Clearly the conventions employed varied with the purpose of the map，and also from place to place，so that in studying early maps the first essential is to understand the particular convention employed ．The history of cartography（制图）is largely that of the increase in the accuracy with which these elements of distance and direction are determined and in the comprehensiveness of the map content．In this development ，cartography has called in other sciences to its aid ．For example，instead of determining direction by observing the position of a shadow at midday ，or of a constellation （星座）in the night sky ，or even of a steady wind ，use was made of terrestrial magnetism（地磁学）through the magnetic compass，and instruments were evolved which enabled horizontal angles to be calculated with great accuracy ．The application of astronomical concepts，and the extension of the knowledge of the world through exploration ，encouraged attempts to map the known world ．Then astronomers discovered that the earth is not a perfect sphere，but is flattened slightly at the poles ，which introduced further refinements into the mapping of large areas ．Meanwhile ，the demands being made of the map maker were shifting significantly ．The traveler or the merchant ceased to be the sole user of maps．The soldier ，especially after the introduction of artillery ，and the problems of range，field of fire ，and dead ground which it raised ，demanded an accurate representation of the surface features，in place of the earlier conventional or pictorialdelineation（描绘），and a solution in any degree satisfactory was not reached until the contour （等高线）was invented．（1）Why might early maps have been misleading ？A ．Distances could not be calculated reliably ．B．They were based on written itineraries ．C．They were drawn by ordinary travelers ．D．Distances tended to be overestimated．（2）What problem did early maps exhibit when showing landmarks ？A ．The signs used bore little relation to the landmarks ．B．The selection of landmarks was faulty ．C．They used symbols that were not standardized ．D．They sometimes included unimportant features ．（3）In the second paragraph，the writer says that made better quality map ﹣making easier．A ． a greater understanding of climatic factorB．greater accuracy in draughtsmanship（绘图术）C．more accuracy in measurementD．more intensive map production（4）What encouraged the search for a more precise means of mapping the physical geography of the landscape？A ．Discovery in astronomy ．B．The growth of mathematical science ．C．The activities of the great explorers ．D．Military considerations ．Section C Directions：Read the passage carefully. Fill in each blank with a proper sentencegiven in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.20．（8 分）A．As you walk ，pay close attention to your surroundings ．B．Make a plan to get off campus and explore your surroundings ．C．If you're averaging seven hours or less ，commit to sleeping at least eight hours tonight ．D．If you're feeling stressed or overwhelmed ，don't punish yourself by pushing your mind and body to their limits ．E．A comfortable corner in the library and even an empty classroom are perfect places to relax and recharge．F．Actually ，it is possible to shorten sleep time by up to 1hour without the risk of sleep deprivation （剥夺）if you know how to have high quality sleep ．Self﹣Care Strategies for College StudentsMost college students don't put self ﹣care at the top of their to do lists ．When you're caught up in the whirlwind （旋风）of classes，extra﹣curricular ，work，friendships，and final exams，it's easy to ignore a task that doesn't come with a deadline （even if that task is simply "taking care of yourself" ）．Embrace the excitement and intensity of college life ，but remember that maintaining your physical ，mental，and emotional health is essential to your success and well ﹣being．（1）Instead，take time out to take care of yourself with some of these self﹣care strategies．Get Away for some Alone Time ．If you live with roommates ，privacy can be hard to come by，so make it your mission to find a peaceful place on campus to call your own．（2）．Take a Mindful Walk Around Campus．When you're strolling to class，try this mindfulness exercise to center yourself and destress．（3）Feel free to people﹣watch，but pay attention to sensory details too ，like the smell of a nearby barbecue or the sensation of pavement under your shoes．Take note of at least five beautiful or intriguing things you notice along your route ．You might find yourself feeling a little calmer by the time you reach your destination．Stage a Sleep Intervention ．How much sleep do you really get each night？（4）By doing that ，you'll begin the process of repaying your sleep debt and establishing healthy new sleep habits ．Don't buy into the myth that the less you're sleeping ，the harder you'reworking ．Your mind and body need consistent sleep to operate at optimum levels﹣﹣you simply can't do your best work without it ．Download a New Podcast ．Take a break from the books，grab your headphones，and listen to some immersive mysteries ，compelling interviews ，or laugh﹣out ﹣loud comedy．There are thousands of podcasts covering almost every subject imaginable，so you're sure to find something that interests you ．IV. Summary WritingDirections ：Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea andthe main points of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.21．（10 分）Curiosity Is an Increasingly Rare VirtueMost of the breakthrough discoveries and remarkable inventions throughout history ，from flints （打火石）for starting a fire to self ﹣driving cars ，have something in common ：They are the result of curiosity ．But the journalist Ian Leslie ，in his newly ﹣published book Curious：The Desire to Know and Why You Future Depends on It ，insists that curiosity is a much overlooked human virtue ，crucial to our success，and we are losing it ．Leslie presents considerable evidence for the claim that the society as a whole is growing less curious．In the U．S．and Europe，for example ，the rise of the Internet ，among other social and technological changes，has led to a declining consumption of news from outside the reader's borders．Indeed，Google，for which Leslie expresses admiration ，is also his frequent whipping boy（替罪羊）：we seek only the information we want．But not everything is to be blamed on technology ．The decline in interest in literary fiction is also one of the causes identified by Leslie ．Why is this a problem ？Because without curiosity we will lose the spirit of innovation and entrepreneurship（企业家精神）．Worse still ，that lack of curiosity produces a relative lack of knowledge ，and the lack of knowledge is difficult if not impossible to compensate for later on．Fortunately，some strategies can be employed to develop curiosity ：If you just accept the world as it is without trying to dig deeper ，you will certainly lose the ‘holy curiosity' ．Of course，one effective way to dig deeper beneath the surface is asking questions ：What is that ？。
2019-2020学年虹口新时代实验学校高三英语一模试卷及答案解析
2019-2020学年虹口新时代实验学校高三英语一模试卷及答案解析第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AIt looks like 2017 is shaping up to be a record-breaking year in movie History. Here is a list of some of the year’s biggest blockbusters so far.Kong: Skull IslandA reboot (重启) of King Kong would normally get laughed at in this day and age, but it looks like this modem version of the story will be worth watching. With US actress Brie Larson and UK actor Tom Hiddleston in the mix, this film is set to be this year’s biggest monster tale.Release Date:3/10/17Beauty and the BeastDirector Bill Condon is bringing back a part of our childhood in live action, complete with the songs we all remember and love. With British stars Emma Watson and Dan Stevens leading thecast, the classic Walt Disney story already sounds like it’ll be a delight for both children and adults.Release Date:3/17/17The Fate of the FuriousThere was doubt that we’d even get a Fast 8, especially after the fitting ending US actor Paul Walker’s character was given at the end of Furious 7. Fans thought they’d never see Dom and the rest of the crew back in action, but thankfully, US star Vin Diesel himself confirmed that The Fate of the Furious is fueling up for another go.Release Date:4/14/17Spider-Man: HomecomingSpider Man is heading home to Marvel Studios for the first time. The movie will show us Peter Parker’s high school days, and will continue the threads we saw formed during his initial appearance in Captain America: Civil War. We know that Michael Keaton is playing The Vulture in this story, and that both Happy Hogan and Tony Stark, played by US actors Jon Favreau and Robert Downey Jr., are along for the ride.Release Date:7/7/171.Which of the following movies can’t you see on May Day?A.Kong: Skull Island.B.Beauty and the Beast.C.The Fate of the Furious.D.Spider-Man: Homecoming.2.What can we know about Beauty and the Beast?A.It is fueling up for another go.B.It is produced by Marvel StudiosC.It’ll show us Peter Parker’s school days.D.It’ll be enjoyable for both children and adults.3.What does the underlined word “cast” probably mean?A.Characters.B.Actors.C.Directors.D.Teachers.BTyphoons can be deadly — in 2013, Typhoon Haiyan, the strongest ever recorded, was responsible for 6,340 deaths—and cost billions in damages. Current forecast modelscan only predict these storms 10 days in advance, at most, and they cannot precisely predict how intense the storms will become.An international team of researchers has developed a model that analyzes nearly a quarter of Earth’s surface and atmosphere in order to better predict the conditions that birth typoons.“The target problem of this study is how to foretell the birth of typhoons,” said paper author Mingkui Li, associate professor in the Key Laboratory of Physical Oceanography in the Ocean University of China and the Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology (QNLM). “We specifically address three aspects: the beginning time, inner pressure and maximum wind speed.”The researchers also accounted for the influence of one variable(变量) on another, such as wind speed on sea surface temperature. This influence is well understood and accounted for in climate predictions and in weather forecasts, butithas not been fully applied in understanding how long-term climate affects day-to-day weather, according to Li. “We aimed to provide insights on the time scale that can be used to forecast typhoons in advance.”From their study, the researchers determined that a model with the ability to better understand the relationship between warm sea surface temperatures and weak wind movement— conditions that favor typhoon formation—could improve typhoon predictability.“Our goal is to develop a 10 to 30-day prediction system that will lead to seamless(无缝的) weather-climate predictions.” Shaoqing Zhang, paper author and professor in the Key Laboratory of Physical Oceanography, said.4. What is the problem with the present forecast system?A. It cannot foretell storms in advance.B. It is ineffective in accuracy and timeliness.C. It costs too much and causes great damages.D. It can hardly predict the intensity of typhoons.5. What does the underlined word “it” in paragraph 4 refer to?A. The variable.B. The climateC. The temperature.D. The influence.6. What is the purpose of the study?A. To advance the prediction system.B. To figure out the three main aspects.C. To know how climate affects daily weather.D. To understand the influence of the variables.7. Where is this text most likely from?A. Awork diary.B. A travel guidebook.C. A science magazine.D. A fantasy fiction.COne weekend I went toBuffaloto talk at a writers' conference organized by a group of women writers. The women were serious about their writing skills, and the articles they had written were solid and useful. They asked me to take part in a radio talk show earlier in the week to publicize the conference-they would be with the host in the studio and I would be on a telephone linking from my apartment inNew York.The appointed evening arrived, and my phone rang, and the host came on and greeted me. He said he had three lovely ladies in the studio with him and he was eager to find out what we all thought of the present state of literature and what advice we had for all his listeners who were members of the literati and had literary ambitions themselves.This hearty introduction dropped like a stone among us, and none of the three lovely ladies said anything, which I thought was the proper response.The silence lengthened, and finally I said, “I think we should stop mentioning the words literature and literary and literati. We're here to talk about the skills of writing.” Iknew that the host had been given information about what kind of writers we were and what we wanted to discuss. But he had no other preparation. "Tell me what insights do you have about the literary experience inAmericatoday?” Silence also greeted this question.He didn’t know what to do with that, and he began to mention the names of authors like Ernest Hemingway and Saul Bellow and William Styron, whom we surely regarded as literary giants. We said those writers didn't happen to be our models, and we mentioned people like Lewis Thomas and Joan Didion and Gary Wills, whom he hadn't heard of. We explained that these were writers we admired. “But don't you want to write anything literary?” our host said We were speechless.It was one of the all-time upset radio talk shows.8. What do we know about the talk show?A. It was organized by women writers.B. It was publicized at the conference.C. The author went toBuffaloto take part in it.D. The author participated in it inNew York.9. What does the underlined sentence in paragraph 2 mean?A. The introduction struck us heavily with a stone.B. The introduction received embarrassing response.C. The introduction increased the listeners' interest.D. The introduction carried the host's praise for us.10. What was the author's reaction when the host mentioned the three great literary- giants?A. Excited.B. Inspired.C. Uninterested.D. Satisfied.11. Who may be the author's model?A. Joan Didion.B. Ernest Hemingway.C. Saul Bellow.D. William Styron.DOne day, when I was working as a psychologist（心理学家）in England, an adolescent boy showed up in my office. It was David. He kept walking up and down restlessly, his face pale, and his hands shaking slightly. His head teacher had referred him to me.“This boy has lost his family,” he wrote. “He is understandably very sad and refuses to talk to others, and I’m very worried about him. Can you help?”I looked at David and showed him to a chair. How could I help him? There are problems psychology doesn’t have the answer to, and which no words can describe. Sometimes the best thing one can do is to listen openly and sympathetically（同情）The first two times we met, David didn’t say a word. He sat there, only looking up to look at the children’sdrawings on the wall behind me. I suggested we play a game of chess. He nodded. After that he played chess with me every Wednesday afternoon---in complete silence and without looking at me. It’s not easy to cheat in chess, but I admit I made sure David won once or twice.Usually, he arrived earlier than agreed, took the chess board and pieces from the shelf and began setting them up before I even got a chance to sit down. It seemed as if he enjoyed my company（陪伴）. But why did he never look at me?“Perhaps he simply needs someone to share his pain with,” I thought. “Perhaps he senses that I respect his suffering.” Some months later, when we were playing chess, he looked up at me suddenly.“It’s your tum,” he said.After that day, David started talking. He got friends in school and joined a bicycle club. He wrote to me a few times, about his biking with some friends, and about his plan to get into university. Now he had really started to live his own life.Maybe I gave David something. But I also learned that one…without any words---can reach out to another person. All it takes is a hug, a shoulder to cry on, a friendly touch, and an ear that listens.12. When he first met the author, David .A. felt a little excitedB. looked a little nervousC. walked energeticallyD. showed up with his teacher13. David enjoyed being with the author because he .A. wanted to ask the author for adviceB. liked the children’s drawings in the officeC. beat the author many times in the chess gameD. needed to share sorrow with the author14. What can be inferred about David?A. He liked biking before he lost his family.B. He recovered after months of treatment.C. He went into university soon after starting to talk.D. He got friends in school before he met the author.15. What made David change?A. The author’s silent communication with him.B. His teacher’s help.C. The author’s friendship.D. His exchange of letters with the author.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
2019-2020学年虹口区高考英语一模试卷(含答案)
2019-2020学年上海虹口高级中学高三英语一模试题及参考答案
2019-2020学年上海虹口高级中学高三英语一模试题及参考答案第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AWhile Jennifer was at home taking an online exam for her business law class, a monitor（监控器）a few hundred miles away was watching her every move.Using a web camera equipped in Jennifer'sLos Angelesapartment, the monitor inPhoenixtracked how frequently her eyes moved from the computer screen and listened for the secret sounds of a possible helper in the room. Her Internet access was locked remotely to prevent Internet searches, and her typing style was analyzed to make sure she was who she said she was: Did she enter her student number at the same speed as she had in the past？Or was she slowing down？In the battle against cheating, this is thecutting edgeand a key to encourage honesty in the booming field of online education. This technology gives trust to the entire system, to the institution and to online education in general. Only with solid measures against cheating, experts say, can Internet universities show that their exams and diplomas are valid — that students haven't searched the Internet to get the right answers.Although online classes have existed for more than a decade, the concern over cheating has become sharper in the last year with the growth of "open online courses". Private colleges, public universities and corporations are jumping into the online education field, spending millions of dollars to attract potential students, while also taking steps to help guarantee honesty at a distance.Aside from the web cameras, a number of other high-tech methods are becoming increasingly popular. Among them are programs that check students’ identities using personal information, such as the telephone numbers they once used.Other programs can produce unique exams by drawing on a large list of questions and can recognize possible cheaters by analyzing whether difficult test questions are answered at the same speed as easy ones. As in many university classes, term papers are scanned against some large Internet data banks for cheating.1. Why was Jennifer watched in an online exam?A. To correct her typing mistakes.B. To find her secrets in the room.C. To keep her from dishonest deeds.D. To prevent her from slowing down.2. What does the underlined expression "cutting edge" in Paragraph 3 probably mean?A. sharpening toolB. advanced techniqueC. effective ruleD. dividing line3. How can some programs find out possiblecheaters?A. By scanning the Internet test questions.B. By checking the question answering speed.C. By producing a large number of questions.D. By giving difficult test questions.BMusic is said to be a universal language. But for Chase Burton, a deaf filmmaker fromTexas, music has always been a totally different experience.“When I was a kid, I’d lie on the floor so I could feel the vibrations (震动，颤动) from my brother’s band rocking out below my body, ” the 33-year-old man said. “That was one of the first times I began building a relationship with music.”In 2016, his ability to experience music changed dramatically, thanks to California-based technology company Not Impossible Labs. It designed a vibrating suit that enables deaf people to “feel” music through their skin. Consisting of a body harness (背带), ankle and wrist belts, the suit translates audio into a range of vibrating pulses that are felt at 24 contact points.Burtonhas been trialing the suit for four years.“The sound hits different parts of your body, ” saidBurton. “Maybe it will strikeme down in my ankles first. And then I’ll start to feel the vibrations in my back. And then I’ll feel some pulsations in my wrist.”The creators want to extends the tactile (触觉) musical experience beyond the deaf community. In 2018, they gave out 150 of the suits at a rock concert inLas Vegaswhere half the audience members were deaf and half were able to hear.Since then, Not Impossible Labs has been working to improve the technology and says it’s ready to go to market soon. Eventually, the creators want the suit to become a consumer product, accessible to all. The company’s talent and business development director, Jordan Richardson, said that the technology could be used in live sports broadcasts, video games and theme parks.As a writer and director who’s been working to make the movie world more accessible,Burtonhopes that the vibrating suit will be available to his film audiences in the future. He believes the suit canenhanceemotions whilewatching a movie – for hearing as well as deaf people. “I see the tech as a real opportunity to help people understand that music for movies doesn’t always need to be enjoyed through the ears”.4. Why would Chase Burton lie on the floor when he was a kid?A. To feel some pulsations in his wrist.B. To feel the vibrations from his brother’s band.C. To expand the tactile musical experience.D. To begin building a bond with films.5. What do we know about Not Impossible Labs from the passage?A. It was started by Chase Burton in 2016.B. Its products have been used in live sports broadcasts.C. It is a technology company based inCalifornia.D. Its administrative director is Jordan Richardson.6. Which can replace the underlined word “enhance” in the last paragraph?A. createB. expressC. coverD. strengthen7. What is the best title for the passage?A. Vibrating Suit Allows Deaf People to “Feel” MusicB. Tech Company Provides Free Suits for Deaf PeopleC. Deaf People Enjoy Rock Music with Free SuitD. Movies Need to Be Enjoyed Through the EarsCScientists have made great discoveries. But how have they influenced our personal lives? Do kids in your classroom even know when Einstein lived? You may be wondering: but why is it important to teachkids about modern-day scientists?First, stories of scientists can encourage kids. Chris Hadfield is a Canadian who went to space, and he’s a real, guitar-playing person. He makes singing videos on YouTube! His story can make kids think scientists are also common people. Hearing scientists’ stories makes kids think “I can do that too!”But not only that, the stories of famous scientists can encourage kids to never give up. Bill Nye was always refused when trying to be an astronaut. But today, he’s made a lot of successes in his role as a popular science educator and engineer. Besides, it’s no secret that scientific discoveries require trying, and trying again.Another way some scientists can encourage kids is through their diversity. Neil deGrasse Tyson, for example,is an African-American, which is not common in his field. Such stories can make kids think anyone can be a scientist.It’s important to know that scientists don’t need to be “gifted” or “good” at school. Often we consider a scientist as being an extremely smart kid at school. That doesn’t have to be true. They just need to have a great interest in science. Telling students stories of scientists can encourage them to show interest in science. As long as they’re interested, they are likely to become a scientist in the future.Modern scientists teach kids that knowledge builds upon the foundation others have laid. This is important — no one can do it alone. Scientists’ stories can encourage today’s young scientists to keep trying. They’ll be encouraged not to give up on the dream of making discoveries. Even if they haven’t made important discoveries, their research may help the following scientists.8. What can Chris Hadfield’s story tell students?A. Scientists are interested in different things.B. Students should have a hobby of their own.C. Scientists can be ordinary like people around us.D. Students should consider scientists as their models.9. Which of the following would the author agree with?A. African-Americans are more likely to become scientists.B. Scientists are not necessarily very smart at school.C. Not all scientists really show interest in science.D. Scientists are usually good at their schooling.10. The last paragraph shows us that ________.A. scientists should help each otherB. a scientist should never give up tryingC. making discoveries is necessary for scientistsD. new scientific discoveries may be based on others’ findings11. What is the text mainly about?A. Why scientists are important to us.B. Why students should be taught about scientists.C. Why students love stories of scientists.D. Why scientists can encourage students.DJerry Lawson had a love of science and invention from a very young age. And, with the support of his family and teachers, he took that love and helped change the world for billions of people, when he invented the modem video game cartridge.Both of Jerry's parents supported his love of science and invention. His father, a longshoreman, was a science fan and encouraged Jerry to always experiment with things. Jerry's first-grade teacher helped encourage him on his path to be someone influential similar to George Washington Carver, a great AfricanAmerican inventor. His first love in school was chemistry but he ended up liking electronics（电子学）even more.He earned an amateur ham radio license at age 13 and built his own radio station in his room, with an antenna hanging out of his window! Jerry earned money from fixing television sets, visiting people's homes for inhouse repair, and also working at local electronics stores. Jerry also made walkie-talkies and sold them to other kids. He spent many Saturdays at an electronics store that had all of the parts he needed for his inventions. He would use his small allowance and money he earned to buy parts to help fuel his inventions.When he was a young adult, Jerry joined Fairchild Semiconductor as an engineer. During this time, he created his own video arcade game（街机游戏），Demolition Derby, in his garage.A few years later, Jerry was asked to work on a secret project. Not even his boss was allowed to know what he was doing! What it turned out to be was that he was designing the Fairchild Channel F video gameconsole（游戏控制器）and leading the team that invented the video game cartridge. This was the first of its kind and enabled kids around the world to affordably play video games at home.Just like with automobiles，many advances have occurred since the inventionof video games. Video games are now one of the biggest forms of entertainment in the world. But all of this would not have been possible without the vision, passion, and skill of Jerry Lawson and his learn.12. How did Jerry earn money when he was a teenager?A. By running his radio station.B. By selling television sets.C. By repairing things for others.D. By making electronic parts.13. Before Jerry's secret project, playing video games at home was_____.A. expensiveB. harmfulC. commonD. tiring14. What does the author mainly tell us in the last paragraph?A. Jerry Lawson and his team can be more skillful.B. Jerry Lawson is important to the game industry.C.Many advances have taken place in the automobile industry.D. Video games are now the most popular form of entertainment.15. What can be the best title for the text?A. Video Gaming-An Important IndustryB. Game Console-Key to Home Video GamesC. Jerry Lawson-Father of Modern GamingD. Support and Encouragement-Necessary for Success第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
上海市虹口区高考英语一模试卷
2019年上海市虹口区高考英语一模试卷I. Listening ComprehensionSection A （10分）Directions：In Section A，you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation，a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it，read the four possible answers on your paper，and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1．（1分）A．At a kindergarten．B．In a hospital．C．At a police station．D．In a library．2．（1分）A．A journalist．B．A tailor．C．An electrician．D．An operator．3．（1分）A．Her glasses are broken．B．She can't see the time on the sign．C．She loses her glasses．D．The museum is out of sight．4．（1分）A．The kids will enjoy the movie．B．The movie will be quite boring．C．The kids will be surprised at the movie．D．The movie will not be suitable for kids to see．5．（1分）A．Positive．B．Negative．C．Neutral．D．Unclear．6．（1分）A．He isn't an experienced skier．B．He has never been to Central Mountains．C．He doesn't plan to go skiing during spring break．D．He doesn't recommend going to Central Mountains．7．（1分）A．The bad weather stopped him．B．His shoes were worn out．C．He didn't like hiking trip．D．He was too exhausted to continue．8．（1分）A．The woman is afraid of the potential noise．B．The woman doesn't like living in the suburbs．C．The woman has sleeping problems．D．The woman will sign the rental contract．9．（1分）A．Make up for the inconvenience．B．Arrange accommodation for him．C．Explain the cause of the cancellation．D．Allow him to take another flight that night．10．（1分）A．All work requires high speed．B．Working too fast may lead to undesirable outcomes．C．The result may not be as bad as the man has expected．D．You can never lay too much emphasis on the fast speed．Section BDirection：In Section B，you will hear two short passages and one longer conversation，and you will be asked several questions on each of the passages and the conversation. The passages and the conversation will be read twice，but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question，read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.11．（4.5分）（1）A．It can work automatically．B．Its battery can run all night．C．It can clean the office windows．D．It cleans as fast as human cleaners．（2）A．To start a robot cleaning company．B．To develop a better model for the market．C．To increase the profit of the robotic business．D．To develop a long﹣lasting battery for the current model．（3）A．Its work efficiency．B．Its appearance．C．Its sense of direction．D．Its robotic arm．12．（4.5分）（1）A．Encouraging physical activity．B．Ensuring a healthy lifestyle．C．Reducing the risk of bone weakening．D．Protecting them from fatal diseases．（2）A．Women's change in a day．B．The damage of depression．C．The proper use of certain chemicals．D．The healthiest place in the office．（3）A．Whether it is a useful item．B．Whether it is to receivers' taste．C．Whether it is a general gift．D．Whether it is at a reasonable price．13．（6分）（1）A．Fill in an application form．B．Send in an application letter．C．Make an appointment for an interview．D．Make a brief self﹣introduction on the phone．（2）A．Someone having a college degree in advertising．B．Someone experienced in business management．C．Someone ready to take on more responsibilities．D．Someone willing to work beyond regular hours．（3）A．Travel opportunitiesB．Decent pay．C．Prospects for promotionD．Flexible working hours．（4）A．It is to be negotiated．B．It is about 500 pounds a week．C．It depends on the working hours．D．It will be set by the Human Resource．II. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections：After reading the passage below，fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word，fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word；for the other blanks，use one word that best fits each blank.14．（10分）Dear headmaster，On hearing the news that a Reading Festival is to be held on campus on the World Book and Copyright Day and the possible project is open to be recommended，I （1）hardly wait to write to you，sharing my humble opinions．As far as I'm concerned，the theme of the festival can be "sharing"，primarily （2）（consist）of three parts．Firstly，the festival can start with a 30﹣minute discussion where groups of students can exchange and share what they （3）（expose）to recently，expressing themselves freely．Following this section is the speech．Teacher and student representativespreviously selected by us are to share and recommend the book they think really deserving to beread．It's needless to say that the last sharing section which is the most meaningful is donation，during （4）time everyone present，teachers or students，is expected to donate one or more books to the library．As for when （5）（hold）the activity，the afternoon may be an ideal choice so that it won't interrupt our classes．My advice is justified by the following reasons．First and foremost，it is in the group discussion and exchange that we students can have a thorough idea （6）our peers are reading for the moment，serving as a driving force for our own reading journey．So it is （7）the books recommended．Named by those "idols" in our mind，they will definitely win our heart．As for the donation，the benefits are exactly self﹣evident．（8）can we share beyond our class or even beyond our school，developing a good campus tradition，but （9）（importantly），these books which are sure to be dusted on our shelves can now be of more value．I'm looking forward to your favorable reply．And （10）is my sincere hope that the festival can be a great success and we can gain a lot from it．Yours，Amy YoungSection BDirections：Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.15．（10分）Overcoming Obstacles：How Your Biggest Failure Can Lead to Your Success There's been a lot written on the theme of failure and how essential it is to success．In a world where（1）is given for people's accomplishments，failing feels dangerous．The fear of failure can stop people taking disks that might lead to success．Heidi Grant Halvorson，a psychologist，points out much of success is （2）not on talent but on learning from your mistakes．About half of the people in the world hold that ability in an area ﹣﹣﹣be it creative or social skill ﹣﹣﹣is natural．To other half believes，instead，that someone might have a preference or something ﹣say painting or speaking foreign languages ﹣but this ability can be improvedthrough （3）practice or training．It's almost impossible to think rationally （理性地）while shouting at yourself，"I'm a failure"．But when you（4）your thinking，you will probably see what you can control ﹣your behavior，your planning，your reactions ﹣and change them．The primary （5）between successful people and unsuccessful people is that the successful people fail more．If you see failure as a monster approaching you，take another look．Success is as scary as failure．Researchers report that satisfaction grows on challenges．Think about it ﹣a computer game you can always win is boring；one you can win （6），and with considerable effort，is fun．In pursuit of success，failure exposes areas that you need to （7）．So the failure serves as a brick wall to test how you apply yourself to（8）your objectives and how much you want them．There is a way to distinguish whether a failure （9）you to double down or walk away，says Halvorson．If，when things get rough，you remain fascinated by your goal，you should keep going．If what you're doing is costing you too much time and energy or it's not bringing you joy，you should give second thought to the（10）of your goal and even set a new one．III. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections：For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A，B，C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that fits the context.16．（15分）This article is for all of the teenagers out there．Even though （1）you are years from being fully grown，society regularly expects you to adult．Yes，you are （2）in many ways；many of you drive and do so quite safely，and you handle schedules that would（3）many adults．But you probably cannot process caffeine （咖啡因）as constantly as your parents can because of your still﹣growing bodies and brains．I understand it feels grown﹣up to be drinking a cup of Starbucks．But all of this caffeine mayworsen your anxiety，affect tonight's sleep and tomorrow's school performance，（4）nutrient absorption and even cause real trouble when mixed with alcohol．The following four aspects may well （5）the theme of this article．The power of caffeineCaffeine is widely considered a drug that is socially acceptable，universally used，even cool，but it still causes （6）symptoms such as headaches，fatigue and a lack of attention when removed from coffee﹣addicts' diets．How much is healthy？Caffeine is by no means a nutrient；you do not need it to be healthy．（7），it is a substance that can leave you lacking nutrients because it has been shown to reduce calcium（钙）．Caffeine probable causes the body to release water．And the more caffeinated drinks you consume，the less likely you are to drink water．So experts say that adolescents should consume （8）amount of caffeine a day （≤100mg）．Caffeine's （9）．According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention，about 65percent of middle and higher schoolers are（10）to insufficient sleep on school nights．Some of their sleep problems can be mainly attributed to （归因于）caffeine，which can remain in the body for seven hours after （11），thus causing teens worse performance the next day．It is widely assumed that adequate sleep（12）proper growth and brain development．During childhood andadolescence，the brain goes through a period called synaptic pruning（突触修剪）whenunnecessary connections are promoted．Caffeine labellingCaffeine is not listed on the Nutrition Facts column on food labels because it is not a （13）．It may be listed as an ingredient，but the amount is not required．Caffeine is now added to foods such as gum，candy and water，along with makeup and beauty products that（14）to reduce swelling （肿块）Taste preferences and eating habits are often cultivated in childhood and adolescence，so teens，when you consume sweet，caffeinated drinks every time you feel sluggish（无精打采的，you are creating a pattern that may be hard to break as an adult．It is advisable to come up with other（15）ways to boost energy so that you can master adulting better than many adults．（1）A．potentially B．necessarily C．developmentally D．materially（2）A．mature B．experienced C．productive D．disciplined （3）A．delight B．frustrate C．liberate D．exclude（4）A．promote B．assist C．intensify D．discourage （5）A．call for B．account for C．turn to D．appeal to（6）A．withdrawal B．addiction C．nutrition D．infection（7）A．Therefore B．Instead C．Moreover D．Otherwise（8）A．initial B．sufficient C．moderate D．stable（9）A．reputations B．confirmations C．implications D．disadvantages （10）A．subjected B．alerted C．reduced D．opposed（11）A．stimulation B．concentration C．excitement D．consumption （12）A．results from B．contributes to C．benefits from D．attends to（13）A．therapy B．material C．nutrient D．substitute（14）A．fail B．appear C．promise D．happen（15）A．instructive B．comprehensive C．extensive D．alternative Section BDirections：Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A，B，C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.17．（8分）There aren't many actors around the world who have enough self﹣confidence to turn down an offer from Steven Spielberg．Maybe that was why Juliette Binoche gave him a choice．She said she'd be happy to be in Jurassic Park as long as she could play a dinosaur．Of course he turned her down and it was probably a good thing．It's difficult to imagine Juliette ripping people apart with her teeth．However，her decision doesn't seem to have done her career．She has gone on to make a string of hits including The Unbearable Lightness of Being，The English Patient （for which she won an Oscar）and Chocolat．Success in the United States has not been so easy for other foreign stars．Gerald Depardieu is a good example．Since his first film in 1967，his filmography （影片集锦）lists 172 acting credits．But he has struggled on the other side of the pond．While some of his films have been popular in the US，they have usually been French films that travelled．One possible exception was Green Card，directed by Peter Weir，where he plays a French immigrant who goes through a fake wedding in order to stay and work in the United States．This is a predictable but sweet romantic comedy which typecasts （分配同一类型角色）its lead actors in terms of nationalstereotypes．While some reviewers were kind，others shredded both the film and Depardieu's performance．While Monsieur Depardieu hasn't received the recognition he would have liked in the United States，one Mexican actor has achieved almost instant success．Gael Garcia Bernal first gained recognition in Amores Perros in 2000 and a year later in Ytu mama tambien．Since then he has appeared with hometown hero，Brad Pitt in Babel and，under the direction of top producer and director，Jim Jarmusch，he starred in Limits of Control．He hasn't picked up an Oscar yet，but he was nominated for a BAFTA （英国电影电视艺术学院奖）in 2005 for his performance as the South American hero revolutionary Che Guevara，in Motorcycle Diaries．In the same year he played American music icon Elvis Presley in The King．（1）It can be inferred from the passage that Juliette Binoche．A．very much wanted to be in Jurassic ParkB．didn't want to be in Jurassic ParkC．really wanted to play a dinosaur in Jurassic ParkD．was hesitant whether she could play a dinosaur well（2）According to the writer，Gerald Depardieu's most popular films．A．have been made in HollywoodB．have only been seen in EuropeC．have been made in France，but seen in other countries，tooD．have been made in Hollywood，but well received in France（3）The last sentence in Para 2 "others shredded both the film and Depardieu's performance" means others thought Depardieu's performance and the film were．A．complexB．interestingC．terribleD．impressive（4）The writer's purpose in writing this article is to suggest that．A．Foreign actors generally do well in the United StatesB．American actors are able to earn more money than foreign actorsC．Foreign actors are playing an irreplaceable role in the United StatesD．a successful career in Europe or Latin America doesn't guarantee success in the USA18．（6分）You are going to read three competitions which offer holidays as prizes．Competition OneCompetition TwoCompetition Three（1）Which competition extract（s）describe（s）what will happen on the flight？A．Competition OneB．Competition TwoC．Competition ThreeD．Competition One and Two（2）Which holiday prize（s）will offer you the chance to stay longer than a week？A．Competition OneB．Competition TwoC．Competition One and ThreeD．Competition One and Two（3）If you want to exercise during the holiday，which competition（s）will you take part in？A．Competition OneB．Competition TwoC．Competition One and ThreeD．Competition One and Two19．（8分）The purpose of a map is to express graphically the relations of points and features on the earth's surface to each other．These are determined by distance and direction．In early time distance was often expressed in units of time，for example "so many hours "or " a day's journey" by river"，but such measurements gave more information in the relative ease of crossing the local terrain than they did about actual distance．The other element is direction，but for the ordinary traveler ，whose main concern was "Where do I go from here？" and "How far away is it ？"，the accurate representation of direction was not of primary importance．Partly for this reason，written itineraries（行程）for a long time rivaled maps．Even today，certain types of maps ，for example，those showing railway systems，may make little attempt to show true directions．Similarly，obvious landmarks along a route were at first indicated by signs，realistic or conventional （惯常的），and varied in size to indicate their importance．Clearly the conventions employed varied with the purpose of the map，and also from place to place，so that in studying early maps the first essential is to understand the particular convention employed．The history of cartography（制图）is largely that of the increase in the accuracy with which these elements of distance and direction are determined and in the comprehensiveness of the mapcontent．In this development，cartography has called in other sciences to its aid．For example，instead of determining direction by observing the position of a shadow at midday，or of a constellation（星座）in the night sky，or even of a steady wind，use was made of terrestrial magnetism（地磁学）through the magnetic compass，and instruments were evolved which enabled horizontal angles to be calculated with great accuracy．The application of astronomical concepts，and the extension of the knowledge of the world through exploration，encouraged attempts to map the known world．Then astronomers discovered that the earth is not a perfect sphere，but is flattened slightly at the poles，which introduced further refinements into the mapping of large areas．Meanwhile，the demands being made of the map maker were shifting significantly．The traveler or the merchant ceased to be the sole user of maps．The soldier，especially after the introduction of artillery，and the problems of range，field of fire，and dead ground which it raised，demanded an accurate representation of the surface features，in place of the earlier conventional or pictorial delineation（描绘），and a solution in any degree satisfactory was not reached until the contour（等高线）was invented．（1）Why might early maps have been misleading？A．Distances could not be calculated reliably．B．They were based on written itineraries．C．They were drawn by ordinary travelers．D．Distances tended to be overestimated．（2）What problem did early maps exhibit when showing landmarks？A．The signs used bore little relation to the landmarks．B．The selection of landmarks was faulty．C．They used symbols that were not standardized．D．They sometimes included unimportant features．（3）In the second paragraph，the writer says that made better quality map﹣making easier．A．a greater understanding of climatic factorB．greater accuracy in draughtsmanship（绘图术）C．more accuracy in measurementD．more intensive map production（4）What encouraged the search for a more precise means of mapping the physical geography of the landscape？A．Discovery in astronomy．B．The growth of mathematical science．C．The activities of the great explorers．D．Military considerations．Section C Directions：Read the passage carefully. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.20．（8分）Self﹣Care Strategies for College StudentsMost college students don't put self﹣care at the top of their to do lists．When you're caught up in the whirlwind （旋风）of classes，extra﹣curricular，work，friendships，and final exams，it's easy to ignore a task that doesn't come with a deadline （even if that task is simply "taking care of yourself"）．Embrace the excitement and intensity of college life，but remember that maintaining your physical，mental，and emotional health is essential to your success and well﹣being．（1）Instead，take time out to take care of yourself with some of these self﹣care strategies．Get Away for some Alone Time．If you live with roommates，privacy can be hard to come by，so make it your mission to find a peaceful place on campus to call your own．（2）．Take a Mindful Walk Around Campus．When you're strolling to class，try this mindfulness exercise to center yourself and destress．（3）Feel free to people﹣watch，but pay attentionto sensory details too，like the smell of a nearby barbecue or the sensation of pavement under your shoes．Take note of at least five beautiful or intriguing things you notice along your route．You might find yourself feeling a little calmer by the time you reach your destination．Stage a Sleep Intervention．How much sleep do you really get each night？（4）By doing that，you'll begin the process of repaying your sleep debt and establishing healthy new sleep habits．Don't buy into the myth that the less you're sleeping，the harder you're working．Your mind and body need consistent sleep to operate at optimum levels﹣﹣you simply can't do your best work without it．Download a New Podcast．Take a break from the books，grab your headphones，and listen to some immersive mysteries，compelling interviews，or laugh﹣out﹣loud comedy．There are thousands of podcasts covering almost every subject imaginable，so you're sure to find something that interests you．IV. Summary WritingDirections：Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main points of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible. 21．（10分）Curiosity Is an Increasingly Rare VirtueMost of the breakthrough discoveries and remarkable inventions throughout history，from flints （打火石）for starting a fire to self﹣driving cars，have something in common：They are the result of curiosity．But the journalist Ian Leslie ，in his newly﹣published book Curious：The Desire to Know and Why You Future Depends on It，insists that curiosity is a much overlooked human virtue，crucial to our success，and we are losing it．Leslie presents considerable evidence for the claim that the society as a whole is growing less curious．In the U．S．and Europe，for example，the rise of the Internet，among other social and technological changes，has led to a declining consumption of news from outside the reader'sborders．Indeed，Google，for which Leslie expresses admiration，is also his frequent whipping boy（替罪羊）：we seek only the information we want．But not everything is to be blamed on technology．The decline in interest in literary fiction is also one of the causes identified by Leslie．Why is this a problem？Because without curiosity we will lose the spirit of innovation and entrepreneurship（企业家精神）．Worse still，that lack of curiosity produces a relative lack of knowledge，and the lack of knowledge is difficult if not impossible to compensate for later on．Fortunately，some strategies can be employed to develop curiosity：If you just accept the world as it is without trying to dig deeper，you will certainly lose the ‘holy curiosity'．Of course，one effective way to dig deeper beneath the surface is asking questions：What is that？Why is it made that way？Who invented it？How does it work？…And if you see learning as a burden，there's no way you will want to dig deeper into anything．That will just make the burden heavier．But if you think of leaning as something fun，you will naturally want to dig deeper．V. TranslationDirections：Translate the following sentences into English，using the words given in the brackets22．（3分）他刚要关电脑，就在这时手机响了．（when）23．（4分）他将代表全班同学在新年晚会上向老师们表示真诚的感谢．（on behalf of）24．（4分）我们付出的每一次努力末必都能成功，但是但凡值得我们做的事情都值得做好．（worth）25．（4分）不只是一个人的日常言谈举止，就连他目前正在读的那本书都清楚地向我们表明了他是一个怎样的人．（as well as）VI. Guided Writing26．（25分）Directions：Write an English composition in 120﹣150 words according to the instructions given．2019年上海市虹口区高考英语一模试卷参考答案与试题解析I. Listening ComprehensionSection A （10分）Directions：In Section A，you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation，a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it，read the four possible answers on your paper，and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1．（1分）A．At a kindergarten．B．In a hospital．C．At a police station．D．In a library．【考点】15：短对话理解．【分析】略【解答】略2．（1分）A．A journalist．B．A tailor．C．An electrician．D．An operator．【考点】15：短对话理解．【分析】略【解答】略【点评】略3．（1分）A．Her glasses are broken．B．She can't see the time on the sign．C．She loses her glasses．D．The museum is out of sight．【考点】15：短对话理解．【分析】略【解答】略【点评】略4．（1分）A．The kids will enjoy the movie．B．The movie will be quite boring．C．The kids will be surprised at the movie．D．The movie will not be suitable for kids to see．【考点】15：短对话理解．【分析】略【解答】略【点评】略5．（1分）A．Positive．B．Negative．C．Neutral．D．Unclear．【考点】15：短对话理解．【解答】略【点评】略6．（1分）A．He isn't an experienced skier．B．He has never been to Central Mountains．C．He doesn't plan to go skiing during spring break．D．He doesn't recommend going to Central Mountains．【考点】15：短对话理解．【分析】略【解答】略【点评】略7．（1分）A．The bad weather stopped him．B．His shoes were worn out．C．He didn't like hiking trip．D．He was too exhausted to continue．【考点】15：短对话理解．【分析】略【解答】略【点评】略8．（1分）A．The woman is afraid of the potential noise．B．The woman doesn't like living in the suburbs．C．The woman has sleeping problems．D．The woman will sign the rental contract．【考点】15：短对话理解．【分析】略【解答】略【点评】略9．（1分）A．Make up for the inconvenience．B．Arrange accommodation for him．C．Explain the cause of the cancellation．D．Allow him to take another flight that night．【考点】15：短对话理解．【分析】略【解答】略【点评】略10．（1分）A．All work requires high speed．B．Working too fast may lead to undesirable outcomes．C．The result may not be as bad as the man has expected．D．You can never lay too much emphasis on the fast speed．【考点】15：短对话理解．【分析】略【解答】略【点评】略Section BDirection：In Section B，you will hear two short passages and one longer conversation，and you will be asked several questions on each of the passages and the conversation. The passages and the conversation will be read twice，but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question，read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.11．（4.5分）（1）A．It can work automatically．B．Its battery can run all night．C．It can clean the office windows．D．It cleans as fast as human cleaners．（2）A．To start a robot cleaning company．B．To develop a better model for the market．C．To increase the profit of the robotic business．D．To develop a long﹣lasting battery for the current model．（3）A．Its work efficiency．B．Its appearance．C．Its sense of direction．D．Its robotic arm．【考点】16：长对话理解．【分析】略【解答】略【点评】略12．（4.5分）（1）A．Encouraging physical activity．B．Ensuring a healthy lifestyle．C．Reducing the risk of bone weakening．D．Protecting them from fatal diseases．（2）A．Women's change in a day．B．The damage of depression．C．The proper use of certain chemicals．D．The healthiest place in the office．（3）A．Whether it is a useful item．B．Whether it is to receivers' taste．C．Whether it is a general gift．D．Whether it is at a reasonable price．【考点】16：长对话理解．【分析】略【解答】略【点评】略13．（6分）（1）A．Fill in an application form．B．Send in an application letter．C．Make an appointment for an interview．D．Make a brief self﹣introduction on the phone．（2）A．Someone having a college degree in advertising．B．Someone experienced in business management．C．Someone ready to take on more responsibilities．D．Someone willing to work beyond regular hours．（3）A．Travel opportunitiesB．Decent pay．。
2019-2020学年虹口新时代实验学校高三英语一模试卷及答案
2019-2020学年虹口新时代实验学校高三英语一模试卷及答案第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AThere have been many great painters in the rich history of Chinese art. Here are four of the greatest painters from China.Li Cheng (919—967, Five Dynasties and early Song Dynasty)Li Cheng contributed greatly to one of the golden ages of landscape paintings in world history. During his time, he was considered the best landscape painter ever. He is remembered especially for the winter landscapes he created and for simple compositions of tall, old evergreens set against a dry landscape. Several of his paintings are in thin ink which gives them a foggy appearance.Fan Kuan (990—1020 , Song Dynasty)Fan Kuan began his career by modeling Li Cheng's work but later created his own style, claiming that the only true teacher was nature. His finest workTravelers among Mountains and Streamsis a masterpiece of landscape painting and many future artists turned to it for inspiration.Qi Baishi (1864-1957)One of the greatest contemporary Chinese painters, Qi Baishi is known for not being influenced by Western styles like most painters of his time. He can be considered as the last great traditional painter of China. He painted almost everything from insects to landscapes. He is regarded highly in Chinese art for the freshness that he brought to the familiar types of birds and flowers, insects and grass.Wu Guanzhong (1919—2010)Widely considered as the founder of modern Chinese painting , Wu Guanzhong has painted various aspects of China, like its architecture, plants, animals, people and landscapes. Wu went on to combine Western and Chinese styles to create a unique form of modem art. In 1992, he became the first living Chinese artist whose work was exhibited at the British Museum.1.What do we know about Li Cheng?A.He loved landscape paintings.B.He copied many artists' work.C.His work gained worldwide recognition.D.He was considered as Fan Kuan's teacher.2.What is the main feature of Qi Baishi's paintings?A.They have foggy appearances.B.They lack diversity in the theme.C.They come under Western influence.D.They show advanced traditional painting skills.3.What did the four Chinese painters have in common?A.They were all modern painters.B.They all created landscape paintings.C.They were all impacted by Western art.D.They were all pioneers intraditional art history.BGray wolves have lived inNorth Americafor at least half a million years. Their living areas once included most of the continentalUnited States. But during the 1800s and early 1900s, wolves were hunted to near extinction(灭绝).By the 1960s, theU. S.wolf population was limited to a handful of creatures in small comers of the northernMidwest.Then, in 1973, a law, the ESA, was passed to protect animals from becoming extinct. Gray wolves were one of the first animals placed on the endangered-species(濒危物种)list. Killing them wasillicit. And theU. ernment worked to promote their protection. In a famous example of this effort, starting in 1995, 31 wolves were moved fromCanadatoYellowstoneNational Park. By 2015, more than 500 gray wolves were living in the Greater Yellowstone Ecosystem(生态系统).Today, the continentalU. S.is home to more than 6,000 gray wolves. On January 4, 2021, theU. ernment removed gray wolves from the endangered-species list.Usually, an animal's removal would be cause for celebration. But some environmental protectors say the wolves still need protection. In some parts of the country, wolves are increasing in numbers. More than a thousand of them can be found just inMichiganandWisconsin. But overall, their range is still a small part of what it was. Wolves used to live across most of the U. S. Now they , are found in fewer than a dozen states. Others argue that as long as a species is not in danger of extinction, it doesn't belong on the endangered-species list. And farmers with land near wolf living areas say that if the wolf's population continues to grow, more of their farm animals will be killed by wolves.But some protection groups worry that without protection, the wolf population will crash again. They hopethat no matter what, people and wolves can get along peacefully with each other. They are promoting ways to make that happen.4. What caused gray wolves to be almost extinct?A. Losing their living areas.B. Too many natural enemies.C. The extreme climate changes.D. Being hunted in great numbers.5. What does the underlined word "illicit" in paragraph 2 mean?A. Rather difficult.B. Against the law.C. Totally normal.D. Conditionally allowable.6. Why was the gray wolf removed from the endangered-species list?A. They have a much larger population already.B. They have all been put into the safe natural parks.C. They have been feeding on farmers, farm animals.D. They have grown too strong to be protected by humans.7. What do farmers living near gray wolves' living areas think of the animals?A. The wolves are trouble for them.B. The wolves must be better protected.C. The wolves get along peacefully with them.D. The wolves should live where they belong.CAlthough computer technology is often necessary today, using a pen or pencil activates more areas of your brain than a keyboard does. You can potentially remember more by handwriting, according to a new study.The potential benefits of handwriting for memory have been debated for some time. The new study set out to answer one question: How does handwriting compare to using a keyboard when it comes to remembering new information?In all,24 participants took part. Researchers asked each of them to write with a pen and then each was also asked to type on a keyboard. While performing these tasks, each volunteer wore a cap that held electrodes next to their head. It looked somewhat like a hair net fitted with 256 sensors. Those sensors recorded the participants' brainwaves. The electrodes noted which parts of the brain turned on during each task. And they showed that writing turned on memory areas in the brain while typing didn't.Audrey van der Meer, the new study's leader, says this suggests that when we write by hand, we rememberbetter. “This is because writing involves complex movements that activate more areas of the brain. The increased brain activity gives the brain more ‘hooks’ to hang your memories on,” she explains. Van der Meer also points out that writing by hand is related to visual notetaking. “Rather than typing blindly, the visual notetaker has to think about what is important to write down. Then, key words can be interlinked by boxes, arrows and small drawings,” she adds.This study does not recommend banning digital devices. In fact, its authors point out, computers and other devices with keyboards have become necessary in modern society. Keyboarding can especially benefit those with certain special needs (such as if they have trouble using their hands) and typing beats writing when it comes to speed, they add.8. Why were participants asked to wear caps in the study?A. To record their brainwavesB. To inform them of their tasksC. To allow them to focus on writingD. To protect their heads like hair nets9. What does Audrey van der Meer try to explain?A. Why handwriting is more complex than typingB. Why the brain works when it comes to learningC. Why handwriting helps remember informationD. Why key words are helpful to visual notetaking10. What is the study's authors' view on typing?A. It relieves people's handsB. It remains vital and helpfulC. It is not worth recommendingD. It is more challenging than writing11. Which of the following can be a suitable title for the text?A. How Can You Remember New Information?B. Handwriting Benefits Health in the LongRunC. Should Typing Take the Place of Handwriting?D. Handwriting Is Better for Memory Than TypingDI was at my parent’s dinner table. Before me was a worn journal of thin and discolor1 ed pages. It was my grandfather’s journal and now belonged to my father. My grandfather had passed away in the months leading up to my birth. I never got to visit the places he had frequented and the people who had been a part of his life’s journey.I was now about to enter his world, through the words he had left behind. Within minutes, I wascaptivatedby the power of the written words. In the magical script (笔迹) before me, I was transported to another age whenfood was an everyday art, planned, prepared and enjoyed in the company of others, and a time when people had the heart to pause their own lives to embrace (拥抱) each other’s struggles. All this was conveyed to me in the beauty of the words that flowed together to connect with the writer’s mind and understand the world they lived in.That kind of writing seems to be lost on us today. We have gotten used to writing in bite-sized pieces for a public looking for entertainment, and hungry for information. No wonder, there are nearly 200 million bloggers on the Internet and a new blog is created somewhere in the world every half a second. Instead of adding to our collective wisdom, most of these writings reflectthe superficiality (肤浅) and impatience of our day and age.This not only robs us of the skill of writing impressive essays, it also prevents us from exploring what is indeed important. Writing humbles (使谦卑) us in a way that is vital for our character growth, by reminding us about the limits of the self and our appropriate place in the vast flow of life. Writing frees us by helping us explore the unknown so that we really open up to magic of the world around us. I saw all of this in the writing of my grandfather. And I’ve seen it again and again in the writings of the greatest thinkers of humanity. Their writing reflect deep thought on issues of human importance.12. The underlined word “captivated” in the second paragraph can be replaced by “________”.A. puzzledB. frightenedC. attractedD. defeated13. In the author’s grandfather’s age, people ________.A. lived a hard lifeB. cared about each otherC. were fond of writingD. treated food as an art14. The author begins the text with her grandfather’s journal in order to ________.A. show her respect to her grandfatherB. present the importance of good writingC. express her interest in reading as well as writingD. raise the problems with today’s writing15. In the last paragraph, the author is trying to _________.A. discuss what good writing is likeB. express her strong desire to learn writing skillsC. stress the effects of her grandfather’s journal on herD. show her admiration for her grandfather’s writing第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
2019届上海市各区高三英语一模试卷题型分类专题汇编--六选四--学生版(纯净word已校对终结版)
Section CDirections: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.Self-Care Strategies for College StudentsMost college students don’t put self-care at the top of their to do lists. When you’re caught up in the whirlwind (旋风) of classes, extra-curricular, work, friendship, and final exams, it’s easy to ignore a task that doesn’t come with a deadline (even if that task is simply “taking care of yourself”). Embrace the excitement and intensity of college life, but remember that maintaining your physical, mental, and emotional health is essential to your success and well-being. (67) ________ Instead, take time out to take care of yourself with some of these self-care strategies.Get Away for Some Alone Time. If you live with roommates, privacy can be hard to come by, so make it your mission to find a peaceful place on campus to call your own. (68) _________ Take a Mindful Walk Around Campus. When you’re strolling to class, try this mindfulness exercise to center yourself and destress. (69) ________ Feel free to people-watch, but pay attention to sensory details too, like the smell of a nearby barbecue or the sensation of pavement under your shoes. Take note of at least five beautiful or intriguing things you notice along your route. You might find yourself feeling a little calmer by the time you reach your destination.Stage a Sleep Intervention. How much sleep do you really get each night? (70) ________By doing that, you’ll begin the process of repaying your sleep debt and establishing healthy new sleep habits. Don’t buy into the myth that the less you’re sleeping, the harder you’re working. Your mind and body need consistent sleep to operate at optimum levels –you simply can’t do your best work without it.Download a New Podcast. Take a break from the books, grab your headphones, and listen to some immersive mysteries, compelling interviews, or laugh-out-loud comedy. There are thousands of podcasts covering almost every subject imaginable, so you’re sure to find something that interests you.Section CDirections: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.Nowhere To Hide: What Machines Can Tell From Your Face The human face is a remarkable piece of work. (67)________. So is the face’s ability to send emotional signals, whether through the unconscious shame or the trick of a false smile. People spend much of their waking lives, in the office and the courtroom as well as the bar and the bedroom, reading faces, for signs of attraction, hostility, trust and deceit. They also spend plenty of time trying to hide their feelings, intentions or nature.(68)_________. In America facial recognition is used by churches to track worshippers’ attendance; in Britain, by retailers to spot past shoplifters. This year Welsh police used it to arrest a suspect outside a football game. In China it confirms the identities of ride-hailing drivers, permits tourists to enter attractions and lets people pay for things with a smile. Apple’s new iPhone is expected to use it to unlock the homescreen.Set against human skills, such applications might seem enhancive. Some breakthroughs, such as flight or the internet, obviously transform human abilities. (69)________. Although faces are peculiar to individuals, they are also public, so technology does not, at first sight, intrude on something that is private. And yet the ability to record, store and analyse images of faces cheaply, quickly and on a vast scale promises one day to bring about fundamental changes to notions of privacy, fairness and trust.(70)________. Masking true feelings helps fix the wheels of daily life. If your partner can spot every prohibited yawn, and your boss every hint of annoyance, marriages and working relationships will be more truthful, but less harmonious. The basis of social interactions might change, too, from a set of commitments founded on trust to calculations of risk and reward derived from the information a computer attaches to someone’s face. Relationships might become more reasonable, but also transactional.Section CDirections: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.We need to do more to help the teachers who are exhausted and stressed Teaching should not be one of the most stressful jobs in the US. But it is. “The only other profession that comes close to us for stress is nursing---and we still have the numbers... by a lot.(67)_________”“Nobody realizes how horrific working conditions are for teachers throughout the country,”Brice-Hyde said, an experienced teacher in New York who is part of the national group Badass Teachers Association (BAT).(68)_________ So they did a national study of teacher working conditions around issues like stress, work-life balance, respect, and more. The results are both surprising—and not. If you’ve been seeing the stories about teacher walkouts and pay inequality, you probably aren’t all that shocked to see these things like: 61 percent of educators find work “always” or “often” stressful;27 percent of educators said they’ve been threatened, bullied; 86 percent of educators feel disrespected by US Secretary of Education Betsy DeVos.Teachers are stressed out, and turnover is high. No wonder we’re seeing more stories about the importance of self-care, classroom burnout, and mental health days for teachers. Yet, self-care doesn’t seem to come easily for p eople, and this is definitely true for teachers. (69)________ We think it’s time to change that, though. So in honor of World Mental Health Day, We are working to change the dialogue about teacher mental health. Below are some of the top challenges people give for not seeking therapy, or even basic self-care, along with possible solutions and workarounds for each one.We hope you share this article widely, giving support and love to your fellow educators.(70)_________ And it’s pretty much guaranteed to help you do what you set out to in the first place—be a good teacher.Section CDirections: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.Why I stopped worrying about my credit score?If you believed everything you read about your credit score, you'd think it was the most important component of your financial health. Without a good credit score and history, the experts say, it's more difficult qualify for a mortgage(按揭)or a car loan-and more expensive if you're approved for a loan, too, because you won't get the best interest rates. In many states, bad credit can even raise your insurance payments, cost you a rental apartment, or make it harder to get hired.(67)________First off, there are several credit scores out there. While it's important to cultivate your credit scores by using credit responsibly, your FICO credit score may not be the same as what VantageScore reports, and lenders may use a different one entirely, so focusing on one score can be a fruitless exercise. More important as financial reporter Dave Ramsey notes on his blog, your credit score is not a measure of your overall financial health. He writes: “(68)________”FICO, the most popular credit-scoring agency, users several weighted factors to determine your credit score, including payment history (35 percent), amounts owed (30 percent), length of credit history (15 percent), new credit (10 percent), and credit mix (10 percent). (69)________ My husband and I enjoyed steady credit scores above 820 for a while. But when we paid off one of our rental properties in 2017, we both saw our credit scores fall by 20 or more points. The sudden drop took place because we completed a 15-year loan and reduced the average length of our credit history tremendously. (70)________ That’s b lackmail. I would rather be debt-free than have a perfect credit score.Your credit score is certainly important when you’re starting out and likely to borrow money for a down payment (首付) on a home or some other big purchase. But once you’re fairly establ ished financially, it’s much easier to see it for what it really is: a measure of how well you borrow money.Section CDirections: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.The art of academic writing is not easy to master. (67) ________ Academic writing is the skilful exposition and explanation of an argument, which the writer has carefully researched and developed over a sustained period of time. (68) _________ But the joy of reading and sharing with others, one’s succinctl y composed piece of argument, is incomparable.Before beginning to write, the writer must ask himself a few questions – Why am I writing? What is it that I intend to share with others? What purpose will my writing serve? Have I read enough about the topic or theme about which I am going to write? (69) ________ Because academic writing is a serious activity – it makes one part of a shared community of readers and writers who wish to disseminate and learn from well-argued pieces of writing.The structure of an argumentative essay should take the form of – Introduction (which should be around ten percent of the entire essay), Body (it should constitute eighty percent of the piece) and the Conclusion (again, ten per cent of the essay). (70) _________ The body should include cogent and coherently linked paragraphs and the conclusion should re-state the argument and offer a substantial ending to the piece.Section CDirections: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.Life is not easy when you are looking for something worthwhile and ready to learn from the best experiences. (67)_________ Here are some life lessons which people will learn the hard way in majority of cases.(68)________ However, people usually get discouraged when it takes more time than they thought it would. At this time, people refer only to people who have already achieved what you want to do. Look at other unsuccessful person and you’ll notice one thing common in all of them. They took time to learn and mastered their craft like no one else. There is no elevator to success; you have to take the stairs.Be brave to take the road less traveled. In our whole life, we always want to follow the same path that everyone suggests, do the same thing everyone does, take the same career path everyone takes, wear the same clothes everyone wears, and hang out with the same people we work with. Why? Because we are scared to fail. But when you get bored of life, you realize that you are not meant to do what everyone does and that your destiny is different than anyone else’s out there in the world. (69)_________.You don’t have to live your lif e in a way society wants you to. (70)________ Parents sometimes force their children to select a career they don’t want because other children haveselected that career. Worst of all, people follow them without even asking. There is no harm in believing in old beliefs but when you pursue them before your interest, sooner or later you’ll realize that you should first do what you think is right.Section CDirections: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.The quality of patience goes a long way toward your goal of creating a more peaceful and loving self. The more patient you are, the more accepting you will be of what life is, rather than insisting that life be exactly as you would like it to be. Without patience, life is extremely frustrating. (67)________ Patience adds some ease and acceptance to your life. It's important for inner peace.(68)________ If you are stuck in a traffic jam, late for an appointment, being patient would mean keeping yourself from building a mental snowball before your thinking gets out of hand and gently reminding yourself to relax. It might also be a good time to breathe as well as an opportunity to remind yourself that, in the bigger scheme of things, being late is “small stuff”.Patience is a quality of heart that can be greatly enhanced with deliberate practice.(69)________ They are the periods of time that I set up in my mind to practice the art of patience.Life itself becomes a classroom, and the curriculum is patience. You can start with as little as five minutes and build up your capacity for patience over time. What you'll discover is truly amazing. Your intention to be patient, especially if you know it's only for a short while, immediately strengthens your capacity for patience. Patience is one of those qualities where success feeds on itself. Once you reach little milestone-five minutes of successful patience-you’ll begin to see that you do indeed have the capacity to be patient, even for longer periods of time. Over time, you may even become a patient person.Being patient will help you to keep your perspective. You will see even a difficult situation, say your present challenge, isn’t “life or death”but simply a minor obstacle that must be dealt with.(70)________.Section CDirections: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.Unit the 1980s, scientists were trained to ignore animal pain, according to the belief that the ability to feel pain was associated only with higher consciousness. However, today, scientists view humans as a species of animals, and largely accept that many species are capable of some level of self-awareness. People are coming to realize that other species might also enjoy the luxury of emotion.If you slap(掌击) another person in the face, you can estimate their pain level of self-awareness. People are coming to realize that other species might also enjoy the luxury of emotion.If you slap(击掌) another person in the face, you can estimate their pain level by what they do or say in response, (67)________ Gradually, scientists have developed a set of indicators of pain response in non-human animals. Demonstrating a response to a negative stimulation and displaying protective behavior of injured areas are two major signs.But huge disagreement exists. For example, scientists disagree over whether or not lobsters （龙虾）feel pain. Some researchers argue lobsters are two dissimilar to vertebrates（脊椎动物）to feel pain. Nonetheless, lobsters do satisfy all of the standards for a pain response. Lobsters guard their injuries, and learn to avoid dangerous situations. (68)________ In result, today most scientists agree that injuring a lobster causes physical pain.Due to growing evidence that the lobsters may feel pain, it is now illegal to boil lobsters alive or keep them on ice in some countries. Currently, boiling lobsters alive is illegal in Switzerland and New Zealand. Even in locations where boiling lobsters remains legal, many restaurants prefer more humane methods. (69)_________ To satisfy picky diners, more restaurants rule out the cruel cooking methods. Stabbing a lobster in the head isn't a good option, as it neither kills the lobster nor makes it unconscious.Currently, the most humane tool for cooking a lobster is the CrustaStun. This device electrocutes( 点击) a lobster. (70)_________ The following process of cooking is sure to cause no pain. In contrast, it takes about 2 minutes for a lobster to die from boiling water during which time pain lasts.Section CDirections: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.C. This is when components are still unstable and tend towards what is called off-gassing.D. Just reading a list of the substances is scary enough, and the danger of exposure is scarier still.E. The source of the smell so many buyers find appealing is in the various substances used in car construction.F. Fortunately, high concentrations of these compounds gradually disappear just a few months after manufacture.Is New-car Smell Bad for Your Health?The smell of a new car can be appealing in showrooms, for which there’s a good reason. That new car smell comes from a mixture of chemicals, some of which can be highly poisonous.(67)_______ Many of these contain volatile (挥发性的) organic compounds (VOCs), some of which can be deadly in sufficient quantities. Others are just bad for you.“It’s a chemical cocktail made up of lots of poisonous substances,” said Jeff Gearhart, Research Director of the Ecology Center in the US state of Michigan. The Ecology Center has been monitoring and testing chemical levels in the inside of the car for years, and has noted some improvement. But Gearhart says there is still work to be done.“There are over 200 chemical compounds found in vehicles,” he said. “Since these chemicals are not regulated, consumers have no way of knowing the dangers they face.”(68)________ Immediate symptoms can range from a sore throat to headaches, dizziness, etc., depending on the sensitivity of an individual.According to the US Environmental Protection Agency, continued exposure to some of these can lead to reproductive impacts and damage to some organs and central nervous system—or even cancer. (69)________The danger is the greatest when the car is new, and that new car smell is most noticeable.(70)________ It is the release of chemical vapours, which leads to the smell. Heat from a vehicle left in the sun can make matters worse, and speed up the chemical reaction. The danger is reduced over time, and experts say the worst is usually over within about six months.Experts advise the best thing that buyers can do to limit exposure is to keep the inside of the car well ventilated (通风的), especially during the first six months of ownership. Park in the shade with the windows open when it’s safe to do so, or at least try to air it out before getting inside—especially on hot days.Section CDirections: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.Traffic Regulation and Accident PreventionWe live in a remarkable time, and many of the once fatal diseases can now be cured with modern medicine and surgery. It is almost certain that one day a cure will be found for the rest of the diseases. Expectations of life have greatly increased. But though the possibility of living a long and happy life is greater than ever before, every day we witness the incredible killing of men, women and children on the roads. Man fights against the motor-car. It is a never-ending battle which man is losing. (67)_________Nothing can seriously increase your risk of potentially fatal car accidents other than speeding and failing to pay due attention to weather conditions. (68)________ There is no doubt that the motor-car often brings out a man’s very worst qualities. Usually quiet and pleasant people, when they are behind the steering wheel, will become unrecognizable. They are impolite, aggressive, self-willed like two-year-old, completely selfish. All their hidden frustrations, disappointments, and jealousy seem to be caused by driving.(69)________ It’s all for his own convenience. Due to a serious tragedy, the city is almost uninhabitable and the huge parking lot makes the town ugly. The destruction of rural areas and the annual mass killings are just a statistic, easily forgotten. With regard to driving, the laws of some countries are not strict and even the strictest are not strict enough.Traffic rules are for everyone to follow under any circumstances, and no one can make an exception unless you make a joke of your own life. Universally accepted standards can only have a significant beneficial on the incidence of accidents. Governments should develop safety codes for manufacturers. (70)_______ These measures may sound cruel. However, if these measures result in a reduction in the loss of life every year, they should certainly not be considered serious. After all, the world belongs to humans, not cars.Section CDirections: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.Shanghai Hengyuanxiang Drama Development Company and Netherlander Worldwide Entertainment signed a deal last November that would see Shimmer (《犹太人在上海》) become the first Chinese musical to have an open-ended run on Broadway in 2019. (67) Directed by Xu Jun, Shimmer is a musical in both English and Chinese. Shimmer, which tells a story about Jews who fled to Shanghai to escape Nazi persecution (迫害) during World War II, was first shown at the Shanghai Culture Square in 2015. (68) The musical’s scheduled open-ended run in 2019 will be one of the events to celebrate the 40th anniversary of the establishment of diplomatic relations between China and the United States. With this play being shown on Broadway, the ties between Chinese people and Americans will be firmly strengthened.And through this drama, the audience can feel the charm of Chinese culture.(69) To deal with the problem, many production companies in Shanghai have pointed out that they should keep striving for improvement by creating more Chinese musicals and by creating more audiences. Currently, those who watch Western musicals in China are limited to a small group — people who have received a university education or have had overseas working experiences, white-collar and even gold-collar workers. There are only a handful of people who understand foreign languages and you have to find a way to motivate the public and get them into the theater.(70) There has been a handful of successful musical stories in Shanghai. The Chinese editions of Broadway musicals Cats and Mamma Mia, both of which had hundreds of shows across China, are among the top box office hits.Section CDirections: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.Travel the World by BikeRachel Hugens met her husband, Patrick, while bicycle touring. The Hugenses, who live in Boise, when not on their bikes, recently went on their latest round-the-world adventure. Theyvisited 36 countries on a tour, touching Europe, Africa, Asia and South America.“Traveling by bike is the ultimate freedom,” Rachel said via email. “On a bike, you become part of the scenery. The landscape is not framed by a window. (67)________”A growing communityDennis Swift, secretary of the Southwest Idaho Mountain Biking Association, rode across the U.S last year–from Seattle to Salem, Massachusetts. Six people started the tour and three finished, riding 52 out of 56 days. They averaged about 60 miles per riding day.“We took quite a few pictures; we didn’t keep our head down the whole way,” Swift said. “We got to meet different people. It’s the people that are probably most important.” Swift also rode through the Basque Country with a group of Boise cyclists last year. He’s planning to participate in a Virginia bike tour this year.“When you get older, your health is the number one priority.” he said, “(68)________”Seeing the places in between“Traveling by bicycle forces you to visit the places in between that ma ny backpackers traveling by bus would pass by,” Patrick said. “(69)_______” The challenges, beyond the obvious mental and physical energy required, include navigating visa requirements, food choices, language barriers, poor riding surfaces and boxing bikes for air travel, Rachel said.Financial flexibility to travelThis is the third time that the couple has quit their jobs to tour. Rachel is a registered nurse; Patrick is an architect. Both regained their former jobs when they returned home in 2000 and 2007. They’re uncertain what will happen this time.They’ve given themselves financial flexibility by paying off their home, commuting to work by bike and avoiding some of the bills that are important parts for most (cell phones, cable TV). They travel with a $50 daily budget.“(70)________” Rachel said. “We’ve met some cyclists traveling long term on a $10 daily budget. They can travel as long as their money lasts, so they’re motivated to spend wisely.”Section CDirections: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in thebox. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.Building a lasting social relationshipWe all know that friends are special people who we share our lives with, and who share their lives with us in return. But seeking friends and keeping the friendship going are never easy.According to research recently published in the Journal of Social and Personal Relationships, the key is to use "we-talk".Led by University of California psychologist Megan Robins and her colleagues, the researchers reviewed and analyzed 30 different studies involving over 5, 000 participants.(67)________.The word “we” moves people from an individual position into a partnership, which makes us more interdependent. “(68)________. Word use is a window into what people are thinking and feeling without asking them." Robbins told Science Daily.(69)________. The primary point is that interdependence may bring about supportive and relationship-centered behaviors and positive perceptions of the partner--especially important in times of stress and disagreement.Contrary to "we-talk", there is "I-talk", which refers to the frequent use of the first-person singular pronouns, such as "I", "me" and "mine", when writing or speaking. Earlier this year, researcher analyzed a set of data that came from 4,7000 people in Germany and the US.(70)_________. As you can see from the two studies, too much "I-talk" can make you feel depressed. But "we-talk" can encourage you to become more positive and create a chain effect of healthy interdependence with others.So next time you are talking to a friend, try using more "we-talk". You may find yourself feeling more positive--and the effect it will have on your friend will be positive as well.Section CDirections: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.Help Migrant WorkersThere is nothing like going home. More so if it is for the Spring Festival family reunion. For a migrant worker it perhaps means even more. To be able to set out on a homeward journey with money from a year’s toil in his pocket is the best thing he c an think of. (67)________. They had to press hard for their defaulted payments, the salaries that were failed to pay up.About 200 million migrant workers nationwide are something left behind by economic reforms and opening up due to their contributions in the past three decades. It is almost impossible。
2019-2020学年上海市虹口区教育学院附属中学高三英语一模试卷及答案
2019-2020学年上海市虹口区教育学院附属中学高三英语一模试卷及答案第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AIn his 402nd anniversary year, Shakespeare is still rightly celebrated as a great language master and writer. But he was not the only great master of play writing to die in 1616, and he is certainly not the only writer to have left a lasting influence on theater.While less known worldwide, Tang Xianzu is considered one of Chinas greatest playwrights and is highly spoken of in that country of ancient literary and dramatic traditions.Tang was born in 1550 inLinchuan,Jiangxiprovince. Unlike Shakespeare's large body of plays,poems and sonnets (十四行诗), Tang wrote only four major plays: The Purple Hairpin, Peony Pavilion (《牡丹亭》), A Dream under the Southern bough, and Dream of Handan. The latter three were constructed around a dream narrative, a way through which Tang unlocked the emotional dimension of human desires and ambitions and explored human nature beyond the social and political limits of that time.Similar to Shakespeare, Tang's success rode the wave of a renaissance (复兴) in theater as an artistic practice. As in Shakespeare'sEngland, Tang's works became hugely popular inChinatoo. During Tang'sChina, his plays were enjoyed performed, and changed. Kunqu Opera, a form of musical drama, spread from southernChinato the whole nation and became a symbol of Chinese culture. Combining northern tune and southern music, kunqu Opera was known for its poetic language, music, dance movements and gestures. Tang's works benefited greatly from the popularity of kunqu Opera, and his plays are considered classics of kunqu Opera.While Tang and Shakespeare lived in a world away from each other, there are many things they share in common, such e humanity of their drama, their heroic figures, their love for poetic language, a lasting popularity and the anniversary during which we still celebrate them.1. Why is Shakespeare mentioned in the first paragraph?A. To describe Shakespeare's anniversary.B. To introduce the existence of Tang Xianzu.C. To explain the importance of Shakespeare.D. To suggest the less popularity of Tang Xianzu.2. What's possibly one of the main theme of Tang's works?A. Social reality.B. Female dreams.C. Human emotions.D. Political environment.3. What does the author mainly tell us in Paragraph 4?A. The influence of Kunqu Opera on Tang's works.B. Tang's success in copying Shakespeare's styles.C. The way Kunqu Opera became a symbol of Chinese culture.D. Tang's popularity for his poetic language and music.BRecently, I read about a promotion from a home builder in San Diego where consumers (消费者) could buy a 4,000 square foot house for $1.6 million and get a smaller home bythe developer valued at $400 thousand for free. This sounds like a fantastic deal, but I am alwayswary ofany promotion labeled (给……加标签) with“buy one get one free”, and here is why.Oftentimes, “buy one get one free” ends up being “buy two at the regularprice”. For example, I often see “buy one get one free” ads for orange juice at the supermarket, but the first box always costs over $5.00. At the same time, the juices not in the promotion are selling for $2.50 to $2.99 a box.Another problem with “buy one get one free” is that oftentimes you do not need the second item. I only consume one gallon of milk every two weeks. If I were talked into buying a second gallon in a “buy one get one free” promotion, then the second gallon would go bad before I have time to consume it. That creates waste instead of savings.In the case of theSan Diegodeveloper, so far they have received one offer on their expensive houses, but the buyer does not want the cheaper house for free. Instead, he wants the value of the smaller home taken away from his purchase price. I think this guy is quite wise because he saw right through the marketing of “buy one get one free”.Finally, it is up to you to see how much you need and how much you are willing to spend. Knowing the regular price of things also helps you in deciding whether a “buy one get one free” promotion is truly a great deal.4. What does the underlined part “wary of” in Paragraph 1 probably mean?A. annoyed atB. careful aboutC. familiar withD. puzzled about5. Why does the author mention milk in Paragraph 3?A. To show that there are many promotions of food.B.To suggest that people think twice before they shop.C. To prove that the second item isn’t always as good as the first one.D. To show that people often buy more than they need in the promotion.6. What does the house buyer want to do?A. Buy the smaller house only.B. Get the smaller house for free.C. Buy the larger house for $1.2 million.D. Buy both the larger and smaller houses for $2 million.7. How does the author organize the text?(P: Paragraph)A. B. C. D.CIn May this year, as part of our 150th anniversary, we asked readers aged between18 and 25 to enter an essay competition. The task was to tell us, in no more than 1,000 words, what scientific advance they would most like to see in their lifetimes, and why it mattered to them.The response was phenomenal: we received 661 entries. Some entrants hoped that science would make their lifetimes much longer than they can currently expect. Many looked forward to work that will end climate change. Others wanted to see advances in our understanding of human history, crop growth, space exploration, and medical technologies. The ideas were inspiring.The winner is a compelling essay by Yasmin Ali, a PhD student at the University of Nottingham, UK. Ali submitted a piece on Beethoven, her brother’s hearing loss and the science which she hoped would one day cure it. It stood out to the judges as a reminder of why many scientists do research: to make the world better tomorrow than it is today.All essays were judged by a group of Nature editors. The top ten submissions were then ranked by three members of a separate judging group: Magdalena Skipper, editor-in-chief of Nature; Faith Osier, a researcher; andJess Wade, a physicist. All submissions were kept anonymous throughout the process.We also selected two runners-up(非冠军的获奖者).Physicist Robert Schittkoat Harvard University in Cambridge, Massachusetts, proposes that nuclear fusion(核聚变) could offer a solution to the climate crisis, in a piece that effortlessly mixes grand ambition with gentle humour. And chemist Matthew Zajac at the University of Chicagoin Illinois wrote a powerful personal account of why he wants to see advances in the field of same-sex reproduction.The results show that today’s young scientists have a wealth of ideas, talent and conviction that research can transform their world. We look forward to seeing what they do next.8. What’s the essay competition about?A. The scientific expectation.B. The fantastic scientific ideas.C. The dreams of future life.D. The celebration of anniversary.9. Why Yasmin Ali was chosen the winner?A. She showed great talent in music.B. She found the cure for the loss of hearing.C. She appealed for people to care about hearing loss problem.D. She reminded people to remember the meaning of science development.10. What can we learn about the result of the essay competition?A. Robert Schittko won the second place.B. There were two winners in the essay competition.C. Matthew Zajac presented his view of same-sex reproduction.D. The two runners-up were selected for the same field they chose.11. What isthe author’s attitude to the competitors’ ideas about science expectations?A. Doubtful.B. Favorable.C. Impossible.D. Ignorant.DI don’t want to talk about being a woman scientistagain. There was a time in my life when people askedconstantly for stories about what it’s like to work in a field dominated (controlled) by men. I was never very good at telling those stories because truthfully I never found them interesting. What I do find interesting is the origin of the universe, the shape of space, time and the nature of black holes.At 19, when I began studying astrophysics (天体物理学), it did not bother me in the least to be the only woman in the classroom. But while earning my Ph.D. at MIT and then as a post-doctor doing space research, the issue started to bother me. My every achievement — jobs, research papers, awards — was viewed through the lens (镜片) of gender (性别) politics. So were my failures. Sometimes, when I was pushed into an argument on left brain versus (相对于) right brain, or nature versus nurture (培育), I would instantly fight fiercely on my behalf and all womankind.Then one day a few years ago, out of my mouth came a sentence that would eventually become my reply to any and all provocations (挑衅): I don’t talk about that anymore. It took me 10 years to get back the confidence I had at 19 and to realize that I didn’t want to deal with gender issues. Why should curing sexism be yet another terrible burden on every female scientist? After all, I don’t study sociology or political theory.Today I research and teach at Barnard, a women’s college in New York City. Recently, someone asked me how many of the 45 students in my class were women. You cannot imagine my satisfaction at being able to answer, 45.I know some of my students worry how they will manage their scientific research and a desire for children. And I don’t dismiss those concerns. Still, I don’t tell them “war” stories. Instead, I have given them this: the visual of their physics professor heavily pregnant doing physics experiments. And in turn they have given me the image of 45 women driven by a love of science. And that’s a sight worth talking about.12. Why doesn’t the author want to talk about being a woman scientist again?A. She is fed up with the issue of gender discrimination (歧视).B. She feels unhappy working in male-dominated fields.C. She is not good at telling stories of the kind.D. She finds space research more important.13. From Paragraph 2, we can infer that people would attribute (把……归因于) the author’s failures to ________.A. the burden she bears in a male-dominated societyB. her involvement in gender politicsC. her over-confidence as a female astrophysicistD. the very fact that she is a woman14. What did the author constantly fight against while doing her Ph.D. and post-doctoral research?A. Lack of confidence in succeeding in space science.B. Unfair accusations from both inside and outside her circle.C. People’s fixed attitude toward female scientists.D. Widespread misconceptions about nature and nurtured.15. What does the image the author presents to her students suggest?A. Women students needn’t have the concerns of her generation.B. Women can balance a career in science and having a family.C. Women have more barriers on their way to academic success.D. Women now have fewer problems pursuing a science career.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。