自考05439考核知识点(中英版)

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自考商务英语外贸函电知识点总结

自考商务英语外贸函电知识点总结

This offer is subject to your reply being received by September 1.本盘9月1日前复到有效。
This offer is subject to prior sale. 本盘以先卖为准。
This offer is subject to the goods being unsold.
Available quantity 或quantity available 可供数量 Do you have any sample available? 你们能给我们寄样品吗?
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Quotation quotation 做“报价”解时,常与动词make, send, give 等连用:Please make (send, give) us your
益人的,不可撤销的信用证。
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be out of line with……表示“与……不相符合”。 Your price is out of line with the prevailing market level. 是指与现行行市不相符合。
类似表达有:
❖ Your counteroffer is not up to the present market level.你方的还价不符合现行的市场水平。
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当数量条款定有溢短装条款时,付款条件中也 应有所反映: Payment: By confirmed, irrevocable L/C payable by draft at sight. The L/C should include a clause 5% more or less for both the quantity and the amount allowed. 保兑的、不可撤销的信用证付款。信用证必须 包括装货数量和总值都有5%溢短的条款。

2019年自学考试《管理学原理》复习资料(9)

2019年自学考试《管理学原理》复习资料(9)

2019年自学考试《管理学原理》复习资料(9)1.计划工作是指制定计划,就是根据组织内外部的实际情况权衡客观需要的主管可能,通过科学地预测,提出在未来一定时期内的组织所要达到的目标以及实现目标的方法2.计划工作中5W1H的具体含义:⑴what做什么:要明确组织的使命,战略,目标以及行动计划的具体任务和要求,明确一个时期的中心任务和工作重点⑵why为什么做:要论证组织的使命,战略,目标和行动计划的可能性和可行性,也就是说要提供制定的依据,实践表明,计划工作人员对组织和企业的宗旨,目标和战略了解得越清楚,理解得越深刻,就越有助于他们在计划工作中发挥主动性和创造性⑶when何时做:规定计划中各项工作的开始和完成的进度,以便实行有效的控制和对水平及资源实行平衡⑷where何地做:规定计划的实践地点或场所,了解计划实践的环境条件和限制,以便合理安排计划实践的空间组织和布局⑸who谁去做:计划不但要明确规定目标、任务、地点和进度,还应规定由哪个部门、那个人负责⑹how怎么做:制定实现计划的措施,以及相对应的政策和规则,对资源实行合理分配和集中使用,对人力,生产水平实行平衡,对各种派生计划实行综合平衡等3.计划工作的基本特征:⑴目的性⑵主导性⑶普遍性⑷经济性4.在管理中居于主导地位的工作是计划工作5.计划工作的核心是决策与产出之间的比例7.计划工作的经济性是指投入与产出之间的比例8.计划工作的意义:(⑴补充不肯定性和变化带来的问题⑵有利于管理人员把注意力集中与目标⑶有利于更经济地实行管理⑷有利于控制9.计划的种类:⑴按企业职能分类:生产计划,财务计划,供应计划,劳资计划,安全计划,人员培训计划等⑵按计划所涉及的范围分类:上层管理计划,中层管理计划基层管理计划⑶按计划的内容分类:专项计划和综合计划⑷按计划所涉及的时间分类:长期计划,中期计划,短期计划⑸按计划的表现形式分类:目的或使命,目标,战略,政策,程序,规则,规划,预算等10.计划工作的程序:①估量机会②确定目标③确定前提条件④确定可供选择的方案⑤评价各种方案⑥选择方案⑦制定派生计划⑧用预算形式使计划数字化。

2019年4月自学考试英语(二)答案与真题解析

2019年4月自学考试英语(二)答案与真题解析

2019年4月全国高等教育自学考试00015《英语(二》真题与答案解析第一部分:阅读判断(第1~10题,每题1分,共10分)下面的短文后列出了 10个句子,请根据短文的内容对每个句子作出判断:如果该句提供的是正确信息,选择A;如果该句提供的是错误信息,选择B;如果该句的信息文中没有提及,选择C。

在答题卡相应位置上将答案选项涂黑。

My BrotherMy brother is off at college, and at age 14, I miss him terribly. My brother is a rare kind of guy. He’s smart and kind. And my friends say he5s lovely. But it’s how he handles things and how he treats his friends and his family that make me feel more proud.He applied to 14 colleges. He was accepted by all but one, the one he wanted, Brown University. So he took his second choice, and off he went to a first year. When he came home for summer vacation, he said he’d move to Rhode Island near Brown, find a job, and do whatever he could to become known in the area. He'd work his heart out and do his best at everything. Someone, he was sure, would notice. This was a big deal for my parents as it meant agreeing to a year without college. But they trusted him and encouraged him to do whatever he thought it would take to realize his dream.It wasn’t long before he was hired as an amateur (业余的)play director at Brown. Now was his chance to shine, and shine he did. He put every bit of himself into the job. He met teachers and school officials, talked to everyone about his dream and never hesitated to tell them what he was after.And, sure enough, at the end of the year, when he reapplied to Brown, he was accepted. We were all happy, but for me the happiness went very deep. I had learned an important lesson—a lesson no one could have taught me with words. If I work hard for what I want, and if I keep trying after I’ve been turned down, my dreams can also come true. This is a gift I still hold in my heart.1.My brother had many good qualities.A.TrueB. FalseC. Not Given【答案】A【解析】题目中原句的意思是我的哥哥有很多好品质。

管理学原理 0054 自考必过 重点完全归纳

管理学原理 0054 自考必过 重点完全归纳

第一章管理与管理学※管理:是指组织中的管理者,通过实施计划、组织、人员配备、领导、控制等职能来协调他人的活动,使他们同自己一起实现既定目标的活动过程。

※管理的基本特征:1、管理是一种文化现象和社会现象;2、管理的主体是管理者;3、管理的任务、职能和层次;4、管理的核心是处理好人际关系※管理的五个基本职能:计划、组织、人员配备、领导、控制※管理的任务:设计和维持一种环境,使在这一环境中工作的人们能够用尽可能少的支出,实现既定的目标,层次分为上、中、下三个管理层次。

※管理是一种艺术,是强调管理的实践性※管理具有两重性:1、管理具有自然属性和社会属性,自然属性指管理的发展状况受到生产力和社会化大生产水平的制约,社会属性指管理的发展状况受到生产关系和社会制度的制约;反映出管理的必要性和目的性2、管理的两重性是马克思主义关于管理问题的基本观点。

管理的两重性反映出管理的必要性(即管理是有效组织劳动所必需的)和目的性(即管理反映了生产资料占有者组织劳动的目的)。

※掌握管理两重性的意义:1、认真总结我国在管理理论与实践上正反两方面的经验教训,更好地发挥社会主义制度的优越性;2、注意学习引进国外对我们有益的管理理论、技术和方法;3、要结合实际,随机制宜地学习与运用※管理学:是一门系统地研究管理过程的普遍规律、基本原理和一般方法的科学。

※管理学的特点:一般性、多科性、历史性、实践性※管理学研究的内容:1、根据管理活动总是在一定社会生产方式下进行的,可分为生产力方面、生产关系方面、上层建筑;2、从历史的角度研究管理实践,管理思想及管理理论的形成与演变过程;3、从管理者的基本职能或工作出发来系统研究管理活动的原理、规律和方法※学习研究管理学的原因:1、管理的重要性决定了学习研究管理学的必要性;2、是培养管理人员的重要手段之一;3、是未来的需要※学习与研究管理学的方法:1、唯物辩证法,总的方法论的指导;2、系统方法;3、理论联系实际的方法※系统:是指由相互作用和相互依赖的若干组成部分结合而成的,具有特定功能的有机整体,系统本身又是它从属的一个更大系统的组成部分。

口语00594

口语00594

湖北省高等教育自学考试 英语口语课程代码(00594)(考试时间 10分钟) Is He a Hero? "Fire! Fire! "What terrible words to hear when one wakes up in a strange house in the middle of the night! It was a large, old, wooden house-the sort that burns beautifully---and my room was on the top floor. I jumped out of bed, opened the door and stepped out into the passage. It was full of thick smoke. I began to run, but as I was still only half-awake, instead of going towards the stairs I went in the opposite direction. The smoke grew thicker and I could see flames all around. The floor became hot under my bare feet. I found an open door and ran into a room to get to the window. But before I could reach it, one of my feet caught in something soft and I fell down. The thing I had fallen over felt like a bundle of clothes , and I picked it up to protect my face from the smoke and heat. Just then the floor gave way under me and I crashed to the floor below with pieces of burning wood all around me.I saw a flaming doorway in front, put bundle over my face and ran. My feet burned me terribly, but I got through. As I reached the cold air outside, my bundle of clothes gave a thin cry. I nearly dropped it in my surprised? Then I saw a crowd gathered in the street. A woman in a night-dress and a borrowed man's coat screamed" as she saw me and came running madly."My baby! My baby!" she cried. The crowd cheered wildly as she took thesmoke-blackened bundle out of my arms. I had some difficulty in recognizing her. She was the Mayor's wife, and I had saved her baby. I was a hero!本试卷题型分为客观试题和主观试题两种。

自考学位英语考试知识点

自考学位英语考试知识点

自考学位英语是中国自学考试的一门重要科目,主要针对那些希望通过自学获取学位证书的学习者。

这门课程旨在评估考生的英语水平,特别是他们在阅读、写作、听力和口语方面的能力。

以下是自考学位英语考试的一些关键知识点,帮助你更好地准备考试:1. **词汇与语法**:- 掌握一定数量的英语基础词汇及其用法,通常涉及日常生活、工作、学习等方面的词汇。

- 理解并运用基本的英语语法规则,包括时态、语态、直接和间接引语、条件句、虚拟语气等。

2. **阅读理解**:- 能够阅读并理解各种类型的英文材料,如新闻报道、散文、简短的评论文章等。

- 提高快速抓取文章大意、细节信息、作者观点和态度等能力。

- 分析和推断文章隐含的意义或信息。

3. **写作**:- 学会如何组织一篇逻辑清晰、结构合理的英语短文。

- 掌握基本的写作技巧,包括论点的提出、论据的支持、结论的总结等。

- 注意文章的一致性和连贯性,以及正确使用标点符号和段落划分。

4. **听力理解**:- 能够听懂英语新闻、讲座、日常对话等不同场景下的英语听力材料。

- 提高抓取关键信息、理解对话或讲话大意的能力。

- 练习根据听到的内容进行推理和判断。

5. **口语表达**:- 虽然自考学位英语可能不会严格测试口语能力,但提高口语表达能力对于全面掌握英语非常重要。

- 练习日常对话、表达个人观点和感受、进行简单的陈述或描述等。

准备自考学位英语时,建议广泛阅读英文材料,多听英语广播或观看英语视频,积极参与英语交流活动,同时可以通过做历年真题来熟悉考试形式和题型。

此外,合理安排复习计划,坚持每天学习,是成功的关键。

商务英语阅读自学考试课程考试大纲-30页文档资料

商务英语阅读自学考试课程考试大纲-30页文档资料

湖北省高等教育自学考试课程考试大纲课程名称:商务英语阅读课程代码:05439第一部分课程性质与目标一、课程性质与特点商务英语阅读课程是湖北省高等教育自学考试商务英语(专科)的一门专业基础课。

本课程以当代英语国家的原版教材、英语报纸、杂志和学术刊物中与经济和商务有关的文章为基础,材料内容涉及商贸英语的主要领域,如经济学、国际贸易、市场营销、企业管理、投资、证券、保险、广告等。

本课程是一门理论联系实际,应用性较强的课程。

二、课程目标与基本要求通过本课程的学习,学生既可学到地道的英语(包括大量的专业术语),又可以学到对外经济贸易知识,同时也能够掌握商务报刊文章的基本特点,提高阅读和分析能力,最终从整体上提高商贸英语语言水平以及语言欣赏和运用能力,达到商务英语专业专科生水平。

三、与本专业其他课程的关系商务英语阅读课程与商务英语口语、综合英语等课程同属于专业基础课,是商务英语写作、商务英语翻译、商务英语函电等课程的先修课程。

第二部分考核内容与考核目标第一单元财经一、学习目的与要求通过本单元学习,认知商贸英语文章的内在逻辑关系,帮助学生提高第 1 页阅读理解的能力,了解国际财经概况。

二、考核知识点与考核目标(一)课内训练(重点)识记:1. When Banker’s Bets Go Bad银行家的猜测落空名词解释:OCC: Office of the Comptroller of the Currency 通货监理局Alan Greenspan 艾伦·格林斯潘,美联储主席句子翻译:1)The bank had doubled profits in the past year viaa string of successful mergers, but on Apr. 21 itreported that its securities portfolio hadunrealized losses of nearly $131 million.2)We’re considering strategies that make the mostsense if rates are going up much more aggressivelyand sooner than anticipated.2. Creating Government Financing Programs for Small andMedium-sized Enterprises in China中国为中小型企业提供政府财政援助项目名词解释:Labor-intensive 劳动密集型SME: small and medium-sized enterprise 中小型企业SOE: state-owned enterprises 国有企业句子翻译:In China, as a result of the economic reforms and market opening measures, SMEs have enjoyed remarkabledevelopment and have grown to become an important forcein contributing towards sustained and rapid growth ofthe Chinese economic.(二)阅读技巧(次重点)应用:阅读的逻辑技巧(三)课外练习(一般)理解:1.Carlyle Group’s As ian Invasion加雷集团的亚洲扩张名词解释:Venture-capital 风险资本Carlyle Group 凯雷投资集团Citigroup 花旗集团2. Why the Dollar Is Blooming Again为什么美元再次复兴?名词解释:Greenback 美元(俚语)第 3 页Lehman Brothers Inc 雷曼兄弟公司European Central Bank 欧洲中央银行Federal Reserve Bank 美国联邦储备银行(四)拓展阅读(一般)理解:1. How Banks Pretty up the Profit Picture银行如何美化收益前景2. Thai Stocks What Goes Up泰国股市:到底是怎么了?3. Inventing to Order以市场为导向开发产品4. I t’s an Office Party in Hong Kong香港办公楼地价之争第二单元人力资源管理一、学习目的与要求通过本单元学习,掌握商务英语阅读中的快速阅读技巧,了解人力资源管理概况。

(完整word版)自考05439考核知识点(中英版),推荐文档

(完整word版)自考05439考核知识点(中英版),推荐文档

自考05439考核知识点《新编商务英语泛读2》Unit 1Definition of advertising,types of advertising,advertising media,considerations in choosing media.广告的定义、类型,广告媒体(媒介),对选择媒体的考虑。

Unit 2 The four functions of money;cashless ways of dealing with money.钱的四个功能,非现金处理钱的方式。

Unit 3 The five steps in entering business in China.在中国进入业务的五个步骤。

Unit 4 The reasons why Dell is so successful in China.戴尔在中国如此成功的原因。

Unit 5 Sources to investigate for information on employers;preparing the essential written materials,details about the resume and the cover letter.雇主的信息来源调查;准备必要的书面材料、详细的简历和求职信。

Unit 6 The definition of insurance,types of insurance.保险的定义,保险的类型。

Unit 7 The concepts behind consumers’actions;the 3 steps for the purchase process.基于消费者行为背后的概念;购买过程的3个步骤。

Unit 8 The personnel policy in management;the building up of Microsoft Co.人事政策管理;微软公司的建立。

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自考05439考核知识点
《新编商务英语泛读2》
Unit 1Definition of advertising,types of advertising,advertising media,considerations in choosing media.广告的定义、类型,广告媒体(媒介),对选择媒体的考虑。

Unit 2 The four functions of money;cashless ways of dealing with money.钱的四个功能,非现金处理钱的方式。

Unit 3 The five steps in entering business in China.在中国进入业务的五个步骤。

Unit 4 The reasons why Dell is so successful in China.戴尔在中国如此成功的原因。

Unit 5 Sources to investigate for information on employers;preparing the essential written materials,details about the resume and the cover letter.雇主的信息来源调查;准备必要的书面材料、详细的简历和求职信。

Unit 6 The definition of insurance,types of insurance.
保险的定义,保险的类型。

Unit 7 The concepts behind consumers’actions;the 3 steps for the purchase process.基于消费者行为背后的概念;购买过程的3个步骤。

Unit 8 The personnel policy in management;the building up of Microsoft Co.人事政策管理;微软公司的建立。

Unit 9 The definition of bonds,stocks,the features of bonds,types of stocks,how to buy and sell securities,the stock market,the bond market,considerations before investing in securities;the definition of mutual funds.债券的定义,股票、债券的特点,股票的类型,如何买卖证券,股票市场,债券市场,在投资证券之前的考虑,共同基金的定义。

Unit 10 types of products,the benefits of packaging.产品的类型,包装的好处。

《新编商务英语泛读3》
Unit 1 Why price is important;factors affecting pricing,supply and demand,goals of pricing.为什么价格是很重要的;影响定价、供给和需求的因素、目标定价。

Unit 2How can a marketer understand and appreciate the values,customs,symbols and language of other societies.营销人员如何理解和欣赏价值,海关、符号和其他国家的语言。

Unit 3The four PS of marking:Product,Price,Promotion and Placement.四个注意年代的标志:产品、价格、促销和位置。

Unit 4Types of promotional methods;how to better communicate with people.促销方法的类型,如何更好地与人沟通。

Unit 5The definition of physical distribution,the benefits of physical distribution.物流的定义,物流的好处。

Unit 6The meaning of customer relations,how to stress customer needs.客户关系的意义,如何应击客户需求。

Unit 7 The reason why overseas sales are important,global marketing strategy,multinational approach.海外销售重要的原因,全球营销战略,跨国的方法。

Unit 8Six methods of payment in foreign trade;understanding of the American Banking System.六种外贸付款的方法;对美国银行体系的理解。

Unit 9 The definition of a company,characteristics companies,different types of shares in a company;the definition of the income statement and the balance statement.企业公司的定义、特点,公司里不同类型的股票,损益表和余额明细表的定义。

Unit 10The six condition of a valid contracts;the exchange rate,the advantage of floating rate. 有效合同的六个条件,汇率,浮动利率的优势。

《新编商务英语泛读4》
Unit 1 The definition of “public relations”,the benefits of publicity.“公共关系”的定义,宣传的好处。

Unit 2 Understanding the meaning of “impulse buying” and “reflex buying”;the influence of advertising.理解“冲动消费”和“反射购买”的意义;广告的影响。

Unit 3 Mulchandani’s ways to cater the customers’ needs;the major concern of a salesperson. Mulchandani满足客户的需求的方法,销售人员主要关心的问题。

Unit 4 The eight steps to success in negotiating,types of funds.在谈判中获得成功的八个步骤,基金的类型。

Unit 5The benefits and risks of going downmarket.进入低端市场的益处和风险。

Unit 6 The reasons why Shanghai is so attractive to foreign investors;the result of labor cost.为什么上海对外国投资者很有吸引力的原因,劳动力成本的结果。

Unit 7 Technical terms for stock.股票术语
Unit 8 The benefits of home ownership;the benefits and risks of marking loans from the back for houses,cars,education,etc.房屋所有权的好处;从贷款回来的房子,汽车,教育等标记的益处和风险。

Unit 9 The risks that Western venture capitalists in China are faced with;the development of private companies in recent years.西方风险资本家在中国面临的风险,近年来民营企业的发展。

Unit 10The major factors that the Chinese government will consider in revaluation of RMB;what’s the right attitude for foreign investors to invest in China?中国政府会考虑人民币升值的主要因素,对外国投资者在中国投资的正确态度是什么?。

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