2014年同等学力申硕英语模拟题精选1-2
同等学力人员申硕英语模拟题二
同等学历人员申请硕士学位英语水平模拟试题二Part I Listening Comprehension略Part II Vocabulary16. It is wrong to ________ a person of a crime unless you haveproof that he is guilty.A. blameB. accuseC. chargeD. warn17. The father is ________ by his boy's conduct.A. hurtedB. achedC. harmedD. pained18. We must cherish experience ________ at the cost of blood.A. achievedB. realizedC. acquiredD. required19. The secretary went through the typescript carefully to________ all errors from it.A. abandonB. eliminateC. dischargeD. withdraw20. The president ________ himself sincerely in his address tothe graduating class of the university.A. showedB. expressedC. displayedD. revealed21. Helen was much kinder to her youngest child than she was tothe others, ________of course, made the others jealous.A. thatB. whoC. whatD. which22. It wasn't such a good dinner ________ she had promised us.A. whatB. whichC. asD. that23. We were Happy to have a very ________ winter.A. plainB. softC. mildD. calm24. Attendances at football matches have ________ since thecoming of television .A. dropped inB. dropped offC. dropped outD. dropped down25. If yon stick ________ the piano every day, you could becomequite a good musician.A. after practisingB. under practisingC. to practisingD. to practise26. I like to have my reference books ________my reach.A. insideB. with inC. underD. beyond27. The police, catching the criminal ________ his guard,arrested him as he was drinking in a public house.A. offB. fromC. onD. up28. The Minister of Justice has ________ an immense amount ofcorrespondence before breakfast.A. got overB. got behindC. got roundD. got through29. If the young man had ________ the dog alone, it wouldn'thave bitten him .A. leftB. putC. setD. got30. Difficulties and hardships have _________ the best qualitiesof the young geologist.A. brought upB. brought outC. brought aboutD. brought forth31. The description of the scene was so (pathetic) that I wept allthrough it.A. vividB. affectingC. suspensiveD. comical32.His pleasant ways (beguiled) me into thinking that he waskind at heart.A. deprivedB. despisedC. divertedD. deceived33. He (derided) the idea that poverty could be eliminated simplyby handing out money to the poor.A. ridiculedB. advocatedC. challengedD. rejected34. half of the class (volunteered)to help decorate the gym forthe dance.A. promisedB. offeredC. tendedD. determined35. It was said that Tom's brother was under (indictment) formurder.A. suspicionB. attackC. tyrannyD. accusationPart III Reading ComprehensionPassage IAlthough the term "global warming" has become increasingly familiar to the general public, a recent survey carried out by the Chinchilla institute for Environmental Studies clearly demonstrates that the full implications of the term are far From under-stood. As long as pubis awareness remains so low, the political measures required to deal will the potentially disastrous consequences are unlikely to come about.Over 80 percent of the people interviewed in the Chinchilla Survey were unable to indicate any of the effects of a worldwide rise in temperature. Even more disturbing was the very small proportion of people interviewed (7. 4 percent) who felt that their lives would be directly affected by global warming during the next20) years.This indifference is in sharp contrast to be concerns voiced by the team of professionals who conducted the Survey. Team leader Professor Ernest Wong stated that we should expect to experience significant lifestyle changes as a result of the effects of global warming. In detailing the likely effects, Professor Wong emphasised that the climatic changes caused by rise in global temperature of only 1C would result in enormous changes.Primary among these changes would be the rise in sea level as a result of the melting of the polar icecaps. The consequent30-cencimetrerise in sea levels would have disastrous consequences for lowlying coastal areas. The very existence of countries such as Bangladesh would be threatened. Indeed, few coastal cities would entirely escape sever flooding and damageAlthough considerable debate surrounds the accuracy of Professor wrong's predictions those who share his pessimistic prediction insist that governments must respond to this challengeby investing in coastal defence.Even inland areas will not be able to avoid the consequences of global warming. Changes in the rainfall pattern are likely to result flooding and dsertification, both of which will influenceagriculture throughout the world.In a recent interview, Professor Wong illustrated these points with dramatic effect. Chinchilla itself, a medium-sized provincial city at the centre of one of the country's major ricegrowing areas, would, he claimed, be profoundly affected. Although, given its height and inland location, the city would not suffer front coastal flooding, the possible reduction in the rainfall would endanger theregion's economy.In concluding his interview, Professor Wong left his audience in no doubt about the urgency of the problem. "Unless we plan for the future, we will not see the necessary mobilisation of forces at local, regional, national, and international level that are essentialto face this issue, the issue of the 21st century."36. Who is well aware of the consequences of global warming?A. The government.B. The public.C. The experts.D. Both A and C37. Professor Wong called for _______.A. awareness at all levels to effectively face global warmingB. people's efforts to stop global warmingC. dams being built along the coastsD. people's changing their lifestyle right away38. It seems that _______ will not suffer as a result of globalwarming.A. coastal citiesB. inland places.C. no placesD. island countries39. The best title for this passage would be.A. Global Warming, an issue Worth Serious ConsiderationB. Global Warming and FloodingC. Global Warming and AgricultureD. Global Warming and its Effect on EconomyPassage 2Researchers have recently found a connection between diseases and stressful situations. To test this theory, psychologists are trying to find a link between the brain and the immune system.The immune system in our bodies fights the bacteria and viruses which cause disease. Therefore, whether or not we are likely to get various diseases depends on how well our immune systemworks. Biologists used to think that the immune system was a separate, independent part of our bodies. Recently, however, they have found that our brain can affect our immune system. This discovery indicates that there may be a connection between emotional factors, such as stress or depression, and illness.Although many doctors in the past suspected a connection between emotional factor and disease, they had no proof. Scientists have only recently discovered how the brain and the immune system function. Before this, no one could see a link between them. As a result, medical science never seriously considered the idea that psychological factors could causedisease.Several recent studies showed a connection between stress and illness. For example, researchers went to an American military school to study the students. They found that the sick students there had a lot of academic pressure and wanted to achieve, but they were not very good students, in a similar study, researchers studied a group of student nurses and found that the nurses who developed cold sores were the ones who described themselves asgeneral)y unhappy people.In addition to these results, which support their theory, researchers are also looking for proof that stress can damage the immune system. Researchers studied recently bereaved people, i.e. people whose loved ones have just died, because they are more likely to become ill or die. By examining the immune system of discovery, they examined some white blood cells which are an important part of the immune system. They were not functioning properly The fact that they were not working correctly indicates that severe psychological stress, such as a loved one's death, may damage an important part of our immune system.There is still no positive proof of a connection between the immune system and psychological factors. Researchers also say that the results of the studies on bereaved people could have a different explanation. For example, bereaved people often sleep and eat less than normal, or may drink alcohol or take medication. These factors can also affect the immune system. More research is needed co clearly establish the connection between the immune system and psychological factors.40. The study on the military school students indicated that_______.A. life in the school was very stressfulB. disease could be caused by psychological factorsC. the good students were likely to f311 illD. stress often made students unhappy41. The immune system _______.A. used to be unconnected with the brainB. causes a lot of stress to peopleC. can be affected by emotional factorsD. functions independently42. In the past, many doctors _______.A. never thought of any possible link between stress and illnessB. hardly considered emotional factors when dealing with apatientC. discovered that the brain and the immune system functionedindependentlyD. found that diseases were caused by psychological factors43. The study of recently bereaved people shows that _______.A. stress is directly linked with illnessB. bereaved people should control their motions properlyC. white blood cells are an important part of the immune systemD. damage can be done to the immune system by too muchstress44. Which of the following is NOT true according co the passage?A. Unhappiness may cause disease.B. Drinking alcohol may cause damage to the immune system.C. Too much sorrow is harmful to the immune system.D. Psychological stress leads naturally to the damage of theimmune system.Passage 3Some years ago, the theory was popular that after the age of about 40. the average researcher began losing his creativity. The chance of his making a major discovery was believed to drop off sharply. Hence, there really wasn't much point in encouraging aman of 45 or 50 to do research .In recent years, however, this theory has fallen into wide disrepute. Companies find that many researchers continue to be highly productive throughout their careers. There is every reason to allow these men to continue their pioneering work.May men can be of greatest service to a company by staying round. in the laboratory. A single outstanding discovery may have a far greater impact on the company's profit picture five years hence chan the activities of even the most capable administrator. It is simply, good sense-and good economics-to allow qualified researchers to continue their work. Granting these menmaximum freedom to explore their scientific ideas is alsoevidently good sense.Companies are also convinced that the traditional standards in establishing salaries are not completely valid. In former years, the amount of a man's salary was determined primarily by the size of his annual budget On this basis, the researcher-however brilliant-who had perhaps one assistant and never spent much money made an extremely poor showing. Companies now realize that the two very important criteria that must also be considered are a man's actual contributions to the company and his creativepotential .In today's era of scientific manpower shortage, companies have more reason than ever to encourage scientists to do the work forwhich they are most qualified. They also have greater reason than ever to pro-vide within the laboratory the environment in which the creative processes of research can be carried out mosteffectively.45. Some years ago, a company would employ a researcher_______.A. who was creativeB. who was under the age of 45 or 50C. who began to be creative after the ago 45 or 50D. both A and B46. According to the author, a productive researcher _______.A. is more valuable chan the most capable administratorB. is as good as the most capable adminstr3torC. should be paid n20re as he becomes olderD. will become less creative when he gets older47.A company now pays a researcher according to ________.A. his creative potentialB. his contributions to the companyC. how many inventions he madeD. both A and B48. formerly, the size of a researcher's salary was mainlydetermined by _______.A. how creative he wasB. how much he spent annuallyC. how long lie stayed in the company.D. how many assistants he had49. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage_______.A. There are more researchers now so that companies canchoose the most creative.B. A researcher has more assistants than a researcher did someyears ago .C. There are fewer researchers now, so companies should valuethe most qualified all the more.D. Most researchers will lose their creative power after leavingtheir laboratories.Passage 4The energy crisis, which is being felt around the world, has dramatized how the careless use of the earth's resources hasbrought the whole world to the brink of disaster. The over-development of motor transport, with its increase of more cars, more highways, more pollution. more its increase of more cars, more highways, more pollution, more suburbs, more commuting, has contributed to the near-destruction of our cities, the breakup of the family, and the pollution not only of local air, but also of the earth's atmosphere. The disaster has arrived inthe form of the energy crisis.Our present situation is unlike war, revolution or depression. It is also unlike the great natural disasters of the past. Worldwide resources exploitation and energy use have brought us to a state where long-range planning is essential. What we need is not a continuation of our present serious state, which endangers the future of our country, our children ,and our earth, but a movement forward to a new norm in order to work rapidly and effectively on planetary problems.This country has been falling back under the continuing exposures of loss of morality and the revelation that lawbreaking has reached into the highest places in the land. There is a strong demand for moral revival and for some devotion that is vastenough and yet personal enough to enlist the devotion of all. In the past it has been only in a war in defense of their own country and their own ideals that any people have been able to devotethemselves wholeheartedly.This is the first time that we have been asked to defend ourselves and what we hold dear in cooperation with all the otherinhabitants of this planet, who share with us the same endangered air and the same endangered oceans. There is a common need to reassess our present course, to change that course, and to devise new methods through which the world can survive. This is a priceless opportunity.To grasp it, we need a widespread understanding of the nature of the crisis confronting us, and the world, a crisis that is no passing in-convenience, no by-product of the ambitions of theoil-producing countries, no environmentalists' mere fears, no byproduct of any present system of government. What we faces is the outcome of the invention of the last four hundred years. What we need is a transformed lifestyle. This new life style can now directly from science and technology, but its acceptance depends on an sincere devotion to finding a higher quality of lifefor the world's children and future generation.50. Which condition does the author feel has nearly destroyedour cities?A. Lack of financial planning.B. The breakup of the family.C. Natural disasters in many regions.D. The excessive growth of motor transportation.51. According to the author ,what is one example of out loss ofmorality ?A. Disregard for law .B. Lack of devotionC. Lack of cooperation.D. Exploitation of resources .52. By comparing past problems with present ones ,the authordraws attention to the _________.A. significance of this crisisB. inadequacy of governmentsC. similarity of the past to the presentD. hopelessness of the situation53. What contribution does the author feel people must nowmake?A. Search for new energy sources.B. Outlaw motor transportation.C. Accept a new lifestyle.D. Adopt a new form of government.Passage 5Stopping personal and institutional racism will benefit racial minorities and the white majority. Racism and its consequencesultimately harm everyone.Attacks against racism must take place on two levels. First, racist ideas must be attacked as incorrect. Ideas implying the inferiority of nonwhites, no matter how subtly they are stated, areinevitably used to just correct attitude towards minorities.Second, attacks must also be made on practices that-whether intended to do so or not-contribute to the subordinate status of nonwhites . This means fighting discrimination and exploitation wherever they appear and calling for positive institutional practices that will up-grade and provide opportunities for minority group members. Movements to end school and housing segregation and co put an end to discrimination in employment must once again become as important as the1960s civil rights movement. More people must join or create collective effortsagainst racism.We must not lost sight of the fact that many of the problems facing minority group members are matters affecting tens of millions of white people as well. Poverty, substandard schooling, unemployment, and poor housing are not only or even primarily minority problems. By calling for social changes, such as a reduction in economic inequality and the expansion of free or low-cost services, the difficult situation of many whites as well as minorities cam be measurably improved. At present, improvement in the economic and political position of minorities is often seen as a threat to whites. The assumption is that whites will suffer losses if nonwhites make gains in employment, education, and politics. This will continue to be a problem so tong as we believe that competition for existing resources and opportunities is part of the "natural order" . We need to begin ignoring the color line, so that all people with common wants and needs can develop strategies for change through which all can gain. The only losers should be those whose power and privilege depend on maintaining racial segregation.54. In order to stop racism _________ will be necessary.A. changes in people's ideasB. actions taken by the whitesC. collective efforts from different sidesD. All of the above55 . The author points out that changing the situation _________.A. demands greater efforts from the nonwhitesB. demands greater efforts from various institutionsC. will also benefit many white peopleD. will not affect the whites in any way56. The people with racist ideas regard more equality betweendifferent races as _________.A. fearfulB. unpracticalC. unfairD. unnecessary57. The word "segregation" ( Paragraphs 3 and 4) most probablymeans______A. povertyB. separationC. inequalityD. actionPassage 6In January 1985, when the Siena city council passed Regulation 375, a by-law which does not permit the use of private motor vehicles from the historic centre of this beautiful Tascan city, public opinion was extremely divided .The new by-law was greeted enthusiastically by a number of interest groups. Environmentalists, worried about the polluting effects of cars ; lovers of the city's medieval and Renaissance architecture, angered by the constant damage done to thepriceless monuments of the centre; and ordinary people, tired of the noise and danger caused by cars andmotorL7ikes dashing through the narrow lanes, all rejoiced.Not everyone was so happy, however. Shopkeepers were convinced that their trade would suffer. Fewer people would come into the centre, they believed, if they had to rely on public transport. They argued that deliveries would be more difficult and that the city would lose its character and become a museumwithout a heart.In response to the shopkeepers' concerns, The Siena Chamber of Commerce organized a protest demonstration. The local newspaper( part-owned by a large department store in the centre of the city)carried articles criticizing the decision while some people wrote to the city council, asking it to change its decision. Candidates standing for the elections to the city council which were to be held in December 1985 focused on a single issue: to change or maintain Regulation 375 .The elections were won by the Social Democrats, a party which had run Its election campaign largely on the issue of themaintenance of the new by-law. The law stayed in force and the use of the motor car and motor-bike was not to return to the citycentre.A survey carried out in 1987 showed that traders' earnings in the historic centre of Siena had increased by 15 percent in real terms since the new law had come into force. The local paper, which had been so hostile to Regulation 375, now proudly boasts that the centre of Siena has the safest, cleanest and quietest streets in Italy. Why, they asked in a recent newspaper article, don't the backward citizens of Rome and Florence pass the sameenlightened laws?58 . The ordinary people supported the law because ______.A. the air would be cleanB. they would be saferC. they liked thc beauty of the old architectureD. they would like to shop elsewhere59. Regulation 375 _________.A. affected the shopkeeper's businesses badlyB. was suspended at lastC. happened to have a favorable effect on the businessesD. came into Force finally in 198760. The local newspaper __________.A. felt proud that its resist3nce was successfulB. was glad to see the failure of the lawC. began, in its turn, to criticize other cities for not making similarlawsD. began to criticize the former opponents of the law61 . By saying that the city would "become a museum without aheart" ( Paragraph 3) thee opponents really meant that________A. businesses would lose a lot of moneyB. transport would not come to the city centreC. the city centre would be desertedD. the city centre would lose its life forcePassage 7The Yucatan Peninsula is the land of the Mayan Indians. This civilization invented writing chat is still unknown. They developed the arithmetic concept of zero years before Europe acquired it from the Orient, and they knew the accurate length of a year.Their earliest cities were carved from the rain forests of Guatemala. Scholars are still puzzled over the circumstances that led the Mayans to abandon cities and buildings throughout the centuries. The last great cities, built between 900 and 1200 A.D.were in northern Yucatan near Merida.The great Mayan civilization came to an end at Chichen -Itza, which is just seventy-five miles from Merida. Chichen-Itza was founded about 435 A. D. and abandoned several times before the Toltecs conquered it in the 10th century. An interesting Mayan structure is the Temple of the .Tiger. Nearby is a ball court, used for a game resembling soccer. To lose was fatal: the losing captain was beheaded anti his wife was taken as secondary wife by the victor. There are also astronomical observatory called Temple of the Warriors and the sacred wall, where cross-eyed girls were tossed as a sacrifice to the rain god.62. The great Mayan civilization finished _________.A. in the OrientB. in MeridaC. in the forests of GuatemalaD. at Chichen-Icza63. The fate of many Mayan women who were cross-eyed Wasthat __________.A. they were buried aliveB. their heads were cut offC. they were used as human sacrificesD. they were given as prizes in atheletic competition64. The last great cities of the Mayans were built _______.A. between 200 and 600 A. D.B. between 900 and 1200 A. D.C. between 435 and 800 A.D.D. between 1300 and 1800 A. D.65. Which of the following accomplishments is not credited to theMayans?A. The development of the concept of zero.B. A system of writing that is still undecoded.C. The ability of tracing the movement of the sun and the planets.D. The knowledge of the length of a year.Part IV Cloze TestThe world is very different now. For man holds in his (66) hands the power to abolish all forms of firms of human poverty and all forms of human life. And yet the same revolutionary beliefs (67)which our forebears fought are still (68) issue around the globe -----the (69)the rights of man come not from the generosity of the state, but from the hand of God .We dare not forget today that we are the (70)of that first revolution. Let the word go (71)from this time and place, tofriend and foe(72), that the torch has been passed to a new generation of Americans-born in this century, tempered by war, disciplined by a hard and bitter peace, proud of our ancient heritage-and unwilling to witness or permit the slow undoing of those human rights (73) which this nation has always beencommitted .Let every nation know, whether it wishes us well or ill that we shall pay any price, (74)any burden, meet any hardship, support an friend, oppose any foe, in order to assure the survival and thesuccess of liberty.To chose old 311ies (75)cultural and spiritual origins we share. we pledge the loyalty of faithful friends. United, there is (76)we cannot do in a host of cooperative ventures. (77)there is little we can do-for we dare not meet a powerful challenge at odds andsplit (78) .To those new states whom we welcome to the ranks of the free, we pledge our word that one form of colonial control shall not have passed away merely to be (79)by a far greater iron tyranny. We shall not always expect to find them supporting their ownfreedom and to remember that, in the past, those who foolishly, sought power by riding the back of the tiger ended (80)inside.To those peoples in the huts and villages across the globe struggling to break the bonds of mass misery, we Pledge our best efforts to help them help themselves, for (81)period is required not because the Communists may be doing it, not because we seek their votes, but because it is right.Let all our neighbors know that we shall join with them to (82)aggression or subversion anywhere in the Americas. And let every other power know that this oppose hemisphere intends to remain the master of its own house.To our sister republics south of our border, we offer a special pledge---to convert our good words into good deeds, in a new alliance for progress, to assist free man and free governments in casting (83)the chains of poverty.To that world assembly of sovereign states, the United Nations, our last best hope in an age where the instruments of war have (84)outpaced the instruments of peace, we renew our pledge of。
2014年同等学力申硕英语考试真题及答案
2014年同等学力申硕英语考试真题及答案全文共3篇示例，供读者参考篇12014 National Grade Special Examination for Postgraduates (English) Questions and AnswersSection I: Vocabulary and GrammarPart A: Vocabulary and Structure1. After the new railway line _________, the small village________ by tourists.A. has been open; has been visitedB. will be open; will be visitedC. is open; is visitedD. was open; has visited2. “I must apologize for my mistake,” said the manager. “It ______ not happen again.”A. willB. shouldD. would3. We knew so little about the causes of cancer that for many years treatment was mainly _______ at relieving the pain and suffering of patients.A. aimedB. attemptedC. directedD. intended4. The cardinal rule of camping in the wilderness is to leave no trace ________ you have been there.A. so thatB. now thatC. thanD. that5. The firemen were ______ about how the fire started, and were investigating the matter.A. arbitraryC. puzzledD. sensitivePart B: Sentence Completion6. The sample submitted to the lab was so ______ that it was difficult to measure accurately.7. After ________ in the storm for several hours, the rescue team finally found the missing hikers.8. Instead of being ________ about the future, we should focus on the present and make the most of our opportunities.Answer Key:1. C2. D3. A4. D5. C6. concentrated7. battling8. apprehensiveSection II: Reading ComprehensionPassage 1According to the passage, what are some potential benefits of artificial intelligence?A. Increased efficiency in the workplaceB. Improved decision-making processesC. Enhanced healthcare servicesD. All of the abovePassage 2What is the main idea of the passage?A. The importance of combating climate changeB. The role of renewable energy sources in reducing pollutionC. The potential benefits of transitioning to a low-carbon economyD. The challenges of implementing sustainable energy solutionsPassage 3Which of the following statements about the importance of sleep is supported by the passage?A. Regular sleep patterns can improve memory and cognitive functionB. Lack of sleep can contribute to a higher risk of chronic health conditionsC. The body undergoes important processes during sleep that aid in overall well-beingD. All of the aboveAnswer Key:Passage 1: DPassage 2: CPassage 3: DOverall, the 2014 National Grade Special Examination for Postgraduates tested a range of vocabulary, grammar, and reading comprehension skills. Candidates were required to demonstrate their understanding and ability to analyze various topics in English.篇22014年同等学力申硕英语考试真题及答案Section I Use of EnglishRead the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C, or D on the ANSWER SHEET.(10 points)It is common belief that money can’t buy happiness. However, some psychologists and economists believe that there is a strong 1 between money and happiness. They argue that happiness is related to income, but the 2 is not very strong. According to them, a person’s well-being increases with income up to a certain point, but the benefits of having more money level off afterwards.Do higher incomes result in greater happiness? In 3 with most previous studies, a research 4 by economists Daniel Kahneman and Angus Deaton in 2010 found that money does have an effect on people’s emotional well-being, but the effect 5 off at a relatively low level of income. They found that after an annual income of $75,000, people did not report greater levels of happiness. Nevertheless, the same study showed that higher incomes do continue to improve people’s life satisfaction.So what conclusions can be drawn from this study? It seems that happiness and life satisfaction are two different 6 . While a higher income may not lead to greater happiness per se, it can result in a greater sense of life satisfaction. In other words, people with higher incomes are more satisfied with their lives, even if they are not necessarily happier on a day-to-day basis.In conclusion, while money may not be able to buy happiness, it can certainly contribute to a greater sense of life satisfaction. It is important to 7 that money is not the only factor that influences happiness and well-being. Factors such as health, relationships, and personal fulfillment are also important determinants of a person’s overall sense of happiness.1. A. contrast B. connection C. confusion D. relationship2. A. correlation B. contradiction C. difference D. interaction3. A. regard B. contrast C. relation D. line4. A. conducted B. developed C. devised D. carried5. A. levels B. fades C. compounds D. sets6. A. concepts B. theories C. ideas D. themes7. A. remind B. recall C. remember D. mentionAnswer:1. D2. A3. B4. A5. B6. A7. CSection II Reading ComprehensionPart ADirections: For each of the following passages, there are several questions and each question has 4 choices. Read the passages and choose the best answer to each question. (20 points)Passage 1Have you ever found yourself addicted to your smartphone? With the convenience of modern technology, it is easy to become reliant on our phones for a variety of tasks such as communication, navigation, and entertainment. However, this reliance can quickly turn into an addiction if not managed properly.One common sign of smartphone addiction is the constant need to check one’s phone for updates, messages, or notifications. This behavior can be disruptive in social situations and may impact one’s ability to focus on tasks. Additionally, excessive phone usage has been linked to problems such as poor sleep quality, lower attention span, and decreased social interactions.To combat smartphone addiction, it is important to set boundaries and limits on phone usage. This may include turning off notifications, scheduling regular breaks from phone use, or even implementing a “digital detox” where one abstains from using their phone for a period of time. By taking steps to reduce phone usage and prioritize face-to-face interactions, individuals can break free from the cycle of smartphone addiction.1. According to the passage, what is a common sign of smartphone addiction?A. Relying on smartphones for communicationB. Checking one’s phone constantly for updatesC. Using smartphones for navigation and entertainmentD. Managing phone usage properly2. How can smartphone addiction impact individuals?A. Increase in attention spanB. Enhancement of social interactionsC. Improvement in sleep qualityD. Decrease in focus on tasks3. What is a suggested method for combating smartphone addiction?A. Increasing phone usageB. Turning off notificationsC. Using smartphones in social situationsD. Prioritizing phone use over face-to-face interactionsAnswer:1. B2. D3. BPassage 2The rise of social media platforms has revolutionized the way people connect and interact with each other. From Facebook to Twitter to Instagram, these platforms offer a convenient way to stay connected with friends and family, share updates and photos, and engage with a wider audience.However, the use of social media has raised concerns about its impact on mental health. Studies have shown that excessive use of social media can lead to feelings of anxiety, depression, and loneliness. This can be attributed to factors such as the constant comparison to others’ lives, the pressure to maintainan online persona, and the fear of missing out on social events and activities.Despite these negative effects, social media can also have positive impacts on mental health. For some individuals, social media serves as a support system, allowing them to connect with like-minded individuals and seek help and advice. Additionally, social media can offer a sense of community and belonging, especially for those who may feel isolated or marginalized in their offline lives.In conclusion, while social media can have both positive and negative effects on mental health, it is important for individuals to be aware of their usage and its impact on their well-being. By practicing mindfulness and setting boundaries on social media use, individuals can maximize the benefits of social media while minimizing its negative effects.4. What impact has social media had on the way people connect and interact with each other?A. Decrease in social connectionsB. Rise in face-to-face interactionsC. Revolutionization of communicationD. Disconnection from friends and family5. What negative effects of social media are mentioned in the passage?A. Feelings of anxiety and depressionB. Increase in social connectionsC. Upliftment of mental healthD. Support system for individuals6. How can individuals maximize the benefits of social media?A. Engaging in constant comparison to othersB. Practicing mindfulness and setting boundariesC. Maintaining an online personaD. Feeling isolated in offline livesAnswer:4. C5. A6. BPart BDirections: Read the following passage. Answer the questions according to the information given in the passage. (10 points)The Benefits of GardeningGardening is a popular activity that offers a wide range of benefits for individuals of all ages. From providing fresh produce to promoting physical activity and reducing stress, gardening can have a positive impact on one’s overall well-being.One of the main benefits of gardening is the opportunity to grow one’s own fruits and vegetables. By planting and tending to a garden, individuals can enjoy the satisfaction of harvesting their own produce and incorporating it into their meals. This not only promotes a healthy diet but also encourages a deeper appreciation for the food we eat.In addition to the physical benefits, gardening is also known to have mental health benefits. The act of gardening can be a relaxing and therapeutic activity that helps reduce stress and anxiety. Spending time outdoors in nature and working with plants can have a calming effect on the mind and promote a sense of peace and well-being.Moreover, gardening can also promote physical activity and overall fitness. Tasks such as planting, weeding, and watering require physical exertion and movement, which can help individuals stay active and maintain their health. Gardening is alow-impact form of exercise that can be enjoyed by individuals of all fitness levels.Overall, gardening is a beneficial and rewarding hobby that can improve one’s physical health, men tal well-being, and overall quality of life. Whether gardening in a small backyard or a community garden, individuals can experience the joys and benefits of cultivating their own plants and reap the rewards of a greener and healthier lifestyle.7. What is one of the main benefits of gardening mentioned in the passage?8. How can gardening benefit one’s mental health?9. What physical benefits does gardening provide?Answer:7. The opportunity to grow one’s own fruits and vegetables.8. Gardening can be a relaxing and therapeutic activity that helps reduce stress and anxiety.9. Gardening can promote physical activity and overall fitness by requiring physical exertion and movement.篇32014 Postgraduate English Test Questions and Answers for Equivalent CandidatesPart I Reading Comprehension (30%)Directions: There are three passages in this part. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet.Passage 1:There is a Bengali proverb which says that even a book-stall attracts a crowd. Newspapers are the first draft of history. When you receive a letter or a message do you not read it immediately? This illustrates the enormous power of the printed word. Books are the only true medium of communication of thought in the world. When you feel lonely your book will become your friend and comfort you.1. According to the Bengali proverb mentioned in the passage, ______.A. a book-stall attracts a crowd because people are curiousB. people like to read standing upC. everyone likes to gather at a book-stallD. books exert a strong attraction on people2. According to the passage, _______ are the only true medium of communication of thought in the world.A. radio and televisionB. letters and messagesC. newspapers and magazinesD. books3. According to the passage, described above, ______.A. a book-stall is preferable to a newspaperB. newspapers are of little valueC. the printed word is powerfulD. books are never boringPassage 2:‘Mental illness’ refers to a wide assortment of m ental health conditions—disorders that affect your mood, thinking, and behavior. Examples of mental illness include depression, anxiety disorders, schizophrenia, eating disorders, and addictivebehaviors. Many people have mental health concerns from time to time. But a mental health concern becomes a mental illness when signs and symptoms cause frequent stress and affect your ability to function.4. According to the passage, mental illness refers to ______.A. common mental health concernsB. disorders that do not affect behaviorC. a wide variety of mental health conditionsD. mood and behavior problems only5. In the passage, mental health concerns become mental illnesses when ______.A. they cause frequent stress and affect functionB. they are not treated properlyC. they have not yet been studiedD. they only relate to mood problems6. The passage suggests that _______.A. mental health concerns are not seriousB. addictive behaviors are not considered mental illnessesC. everyone experiences mental health concerns at some pointD. depression is not a mental illnessPassage 3:The most enjoyable museums in the world are hands-on, interactive, and engaging. You don't just look at the exhibits, you also touch, feel, and sometimes, even taste them. Naturally, these museums are especially popular with children.7. According to the passage, the most enjoyable museums in the world ______.A. are hands-on and interactiveB. focus on looking at exhibitsC. are not popular with childrenD. are located all over the place8. The passage suggests that the museums described ______.A. are only for adultsB. are not interactiveC. do not allow you to touch exhibitsD. engage all of your senses9. Children are especially drawn to these museums because they ______.A. are boring and uninterestingB. are not hands-on or interactiveC. only focus on looking at exhibitsD. allow them to touch, feel, and taste exhibitsPart II Vocabulary (10%)Directions: There are 20 sentences in this section. Each sentence has 4 underlined words or phrases. Choose the one that is closest in meaning to the underlined part.10. The research firm is known for its innovative approach to problem-solving.A. traditionalB. freshC. expensiveD. frustrating11. The company was fined for violating environmental regulations.A. followingB. ignoringC. supportingD. reforming12. His persistent efforts paid off in the end.A. regularB. continuedC. suddenD. spontaneous13. The police arrested the suspect on suspicion of robbery.A. accusationB. doubtC. involvementD. escape14. The ambassador conducted negotiations with the foreign delegation.B. ledC. mediatedD. canceled15. The new law will be implemented next week.A. enforcedB. proposedC. postponedD. revised16. She is always bragging about her accomplishments.A. humbleB. exaggeratingC. boastingD. hiding17. His excessive drinking has been causing concern among his friends.A. moderateC. regularD. extreme18. The city skyline is dominated by tall skyscrapers.A. surroundedB. characterizedC. overwhelmedD. influenced19. The dress designer uses a variety of fabrics in her creations.A. designsB. patternsC. materialsD. colors20. The new plan will have a significant impact on the environment.A. positiveB. negativeD. minor21. It's important to maintain a healthy work-life balance.A. improveB. achieveC. keepD. lose22. Her contagious laughter brightened up the room.A. hilariousB. infectiousC. suddenD. fake23. The company is facing fierce competition from its rivals.A. friendlyB. intenseC. casualD. distant24. The ancient ruins contain a treasure trove of historical artifacts.A. wealthB. assortmentC. collectionD. discovery25. His fiery speech ignited a revolution in the country.A. passionateB. hatefulC. calmD. aggressive26. The artist's abstract paintings are open to interpretation.A. criticismB. understandingC. explanationD. judgment27. They are discussing the logistics of organizing the event.A. detailsB. expensesC. challengesD. possibilities28. The company decided to diversify its product range.A. decreaseB. expandC. modifyD. limit29. The professor's lectures are always enlightening and informative.A. boringB. inspiringC. confusingD. educational30. The new software is compatible with most operating systems.A. includedB. connectedC. suitableD. popularPart III Cloze Test (15%)Directions: There are 15 blanks in the following passage. For each blank there are four choices marked A, B, C, and D. You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet.There are many ways to__(31)__ stress, but one strategy is to “embrace the stress.” Instead of running from it, __(32)__ [A] it motivates you. The __(33)__ [B] answer is that stress can help you do better, but it all depends __(34)__ [C] your attitude. If you_(35)_ [D] that stress is bad, it will only make you feel worse. A __(36)__ [A] study by scientists shows that people who were told “stress is good for you” __(37)__ [B] better on tests compared to those who weren’t given the __(38)__ [C] message. They found that stress could help you in situations where you __(39)___ [D] quick thinking. This is because you r body’s stress response can be used to __(40)__ [A] you perform at your peak. If you’re in a __(41)__ [B] situation, rather than letting the stress overwhelm you, __(42)__ [C] embracing it will help you cope.__(43)__ [D] prove that the stress hormone cortisol can be helpful if you believe that it is. __(44)__ [A] study from the University of Buffalo, New York, found that __(45)__ [B] who viewed stress as debilitating had __(46)__ [C] health risks, while those who __(47)__ [D] it as a natural response showed better health outcomes.31. A. release32. A. if33. A. right34. A. in35. A. admit36. A. recent37. A. did38. A. same39. A. need40. A. let41. A. danger42. A. owning43. A. The44. A. Another45. A. crew46. A. higher47. A. definePart IV Error Detection (10%)Directions: Each of the following sentences has four underlined parts. Select the part that is incorrect.48. A new research has (A) shown that people (B) who take regular (C) naps tend to be (D) more creative.49. After presenting the (A) project, the company's (B) sales team felt contented (C) with their effort (D).50. The cooperation between the two (A) companies have resulted (B) in a successful (C) marketing campaign (D).51. The professor emphasized (A) the importance of (B) regular attendance (C) in order to pass (D) the course.52. She is an experienced (A) and dedicated (B) employee, who is (C) always willing to (D) help her colleagues.Part V Writing (35%)Write an essay of about 500 words on the topic: "The Importance of Education in Modern Society."Answers:1. D2. D3. C4. C5. A6. C7. A8. D9. D10. B11. A12. B13. A14. B15. A16. C17. D18. B19. C20. C21. C22. B23. B24. C25. A26. C27. A28. B29. D30. C31. A33. A34. C35. A36. A37. B38. C39. D40. A41. A42. C43. D44. A45. B46. C47. D48. A50. B51. D52. DThe Importance of Education in Modern SocietyEducation plays a crucial role in modern society, shaping individuals' lives and influencing the development of nations. It is the key to unlocking opportunities, broadening perspectives, and empowering individuals to make informed decisions. In today's rapidly changing world, the importance of education cannot be overstated.Firstly, education provides individuals with the necessary knowledge and skills to succeed in various aspects of life. From acquiring basic literacy and numeracy skills to advanced specialized knowledge, education equips individuals with the tools they need to navigate the complexities of the modern world. It enables people to think critically, solve problems, and adapt to new challenges, making them valuable contributors to society.Additionally, education fosters personal growth and development, allowing individuals to discover their interests,passions, and potential. Through exposure to diverse perspectives and experiences, education encourages lifelong learning and self-improvement. It promotes creativity, innovation, and intellectual curiosity, enriching individuals' lives and enhancing their personal fulfillment.Furthermore, education is essential for promoting social cohesion, equality, and economic prosperity. By providing individuals with equal access to quality education, societies can achieve greater social mobility, reduce inequality, and promote social justice. Education empowers individuals from all backgrounds to fulfill their aspirations, contribute to their communities, and participate meaningfully in society.In conclusion, education is a fundamental human right and a cornerstone of progress in modern society. By investing in education, individuals, communities, and nations can unlock untapped potential, promote inclusive development, and build a brighter future for generations to come. The transformative power of education is undeniable, shaping the world we live in and creating opportunities for a better tomorrow.。
2014年同等学力申硕英语模拟题精选2-3
参考答案Key to Simulated Test OnePaper ONEPart I Dialogue Communication1.~ 5. CBDCD 6.~ 10. B ACACPart II Vocabularyl 1.~ 15 .CDDDC 16.~ 20 .BCDCB21.~ 25. ABCCD 26.~ 30 .ACABBPaper OnePart IlI Reading Comprehension31.~ 36 .DABBCB 37.~ 42 .ABABDA 43.~ 48 .DACDBC49.~ 54 .ACDCBA 54.~ 60 .DCCADBPartⅣCloze61.~ 65 .CBABA 66.~ 60 .CBADC 61.~ 65. BCBCAPart I Translation(Suggested)Section APaper Two我希望，我们本着坦诚的精神来进行本周的谈话，让我们从一开始就认识到这样几点：过去，我们有的时候是敌人，至今还有分歧。
我们之所以能走到一起是因为我们拥有超越这些分歧的共同利益。
我们在谈论分歧的时候，双方都不会屈服于对方。
但是，我们虽然不能消除我们之间的分歧，我们却可以搭一座桥，以便于跨越这座桥来进行对话。
Section BA country with a vast territory，a large population and a long history，China should makegreater contribution to humanity.The Chinese people waged a dauntless struggle for one hundred years.They have effected great reform and changes one after another to build China into a strong and prosperous country.They have worked to strengthen ethnic solidarity and achieve national reunification and to promote the lofty cause of world peace and development.In the final analysis，they have done all for just one objective，that is，the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation and China’S new and great contribution to humanityPart II Writing(Suggested)参考范文：On SandstormsThese ore two ordinary but meaningful photos.As we can see in the first one，dust and sand are attacking a village like high waves.Imaginably，the village willsoon be drowned.In the second picture，a city has already been assaulted by a sandstorm，with the buildings and traffic barely visible.Simple as the photos are，the message they convey is profound and far-reaching.The disastrous weather conditions as reflected by the photos are prevalent in northern China and some ther parts of the world.A number of factors could account for the rampancy of sandstorms，but the most critical ones might be overgrazing and clear-cutting，which have devastated the vegetation in formerly green mountains and plains.Consequently，desert has spread and become the major source of sandstorms.If the situation goes as it is.the consequence will be disastrous .In view of the seriousness of the problem，effective measures must be taken immediately before things get worse.In the first place，it is imperative that pertinent laws be worked out and rigidly enforced to protect vegetation.In the second place，a deep-going，widespread and ever- lasting campaign should be launched to enhance people’S awareness of environmental protection. With proper laws and 3.11 alert public，it will only be a matter of time before sandstorms become things of the past.。
【免费下载】同等学力英语考试真题及参考答案
2014同等学力人员申请硕士学位外国语水平全国统一考试英语试卷一Paper One (100minutes)Part I Oral Communication (15 minutes，10 points)Section ADirections：In this section there are two incomplete dialogues and each dialogue has three blanks and three choices A，B and C，taken from the dialogue. Fill in each of the blanks with one of the choices to complete the dialogue and mark your answer on the Answer Sheet.Dialogue OneA. I thought you said there were three menB. They had been in there for about 5 minutesC. It's the other man I'm talking aboutBurney: There were two men, I think. No, three. They ran into the bank and the one with the gun，the tall one, he runs up to the window, and starts shouting something. I don't know, "give me all your money" and the other onePolice officer:_____1______?Burney: No, there were two men and a girl. _____2_____the one carrying the suitcase, well, he goes up to the other guyPolice officer: The one with the gun?Burney: Yes, and he opens the suitcase and the cashier, well, she - well, all the other people behind the window - they hand over piles of money and two men put it into the suitcase and they run out. It was 1:35.________3______参考答案：ACBDialogue TwoA. People today don't like thatB. I like a good storyC. They still make movies like thatSpeaker A: I like watching old movies and I think they are the best.Speaker B: I agree with you, even though they're in black and white. I think a good story is more important than color.Speaker A: And there was no violence in old movies.Speaker B: No, there wasn't._______4_______Speaker A: They like lots of action.Speaker B:_____5______Speaker A: I like to see actors who are like real people.Speaker B: Like real people with real problems.Speaker A:___6____Speaker B: Yes, but they never make much money.参考答案：ABCSection BDirections: In this section there is one incomplete interview which has four blanks and four choices A, B, C and D, taken from the interview. Fill in each of the blanks with one of the choices to complete the interview and mark your answer on the Answer Sheet.A. I do a lot of research on the Internet tooB. I document everythingC. Of course they mail their friends endlesslyD. I do a lot of my shopping on the net nowInterviewer: Ms. Chen, can you tell us which pieces of technology are important to you?Interviewee: Three things: my Sharp laptop; my iphone5; and my Olympus digital camera.____7____: the kids, art, buildings, clothes, scenes that catch my eye as I walk past.Interviewer: What do you use your computer for?Interviewee: Well, I send emails all the time. But I do a lot of my design work on screen nowand I can send my ideas straight to directors and producers. _____8______--- there are some fantastic sites around now.Interviewer: Who uses the computer at home?Interviewee: The kids use the computer all the time at home._____9_____ --and on top of that they're always texting on their mobile phones! They play computer games whenthey think I or their father aren't looking! They don't like doing homework, of course,but there are some really good revision sites on the Internet. _____10_____--- 15minutes for a whole supermarket "visit"! That feels really good.参考答案：BACDPart II Vocabulary(10 minutes，10 points)Directions：In this part there are ten sentences，each with one word or phrase underlined.Choose the one from the four choices marked A，B，C and D that best keeps themeaning of the sentence. Mark your answer on the Answer Sheet.11. Conditions for the growth of this plant are optimum in early summer.A. most acceptableB. most expressiveC. most favoriteD. most desirable12. She often says her greatest happiness consists in helping the disadvantaged children.A. is proportionate toB. is composed ofC. lies inD. relies onforeign powers.A. in the interest of 为了…的利益B. under the control of 在…的控制之下C. for the sake of 为了…的利益D. at the cost of 以…为代价14. Public acceptance of rabbit as an economical source of protein depends how aggressivelyproducers market it.A. vigorouslyB. effectivelyC. efficientlyD. rigorously15. Many New England communities do not permit the construction of a “modernist” building,lest it alter their overall architectural integrity.A. in case thatB. in spite thatC. for fear thatD. in order that16. Essentially, a theory is an abstract, symbolic representation of what is conceived to be reality.A. imaginationB. impressionC. presentationD. expression17. Television commercial have been under constant scrutiny for the last few years.A. pressureB. reflectionC. examinationD. attack18. The mayor has spent a handsome amount of time in his last tern working to bring down the tax rate.A. sufficientB. plentyC. considerableD. moderate19. His poor performance may be attributed to the lack of motivation.A. caused byB. focused onC. taken forD. viewed as20. The new cut in interest rate is meant to promote domestic investment.A. encourageB. obtainC. publicizeD. advertisePart III Reading Comprehension(45 minutes，25 points)Section ADirections：In this section，there are four passages followed by questions or unfinished statements，each with four suggested answers A，B，C and D. Choose the best answer and mark your answer on the Answer Sheet.Passage OneLast week, I read a story about a 34-year-old British woman who is extremely afraid of metal forks. She's been using plastic ones for 17 years because the sound of a fork rubbing against a plate gives her a panic attack.Strange, right? But she's not alone. While popular phobias(恐惧症) about snakes and spidersmight get all of the attention, there are a wide variety of not-so-obvious horrors that make people nervous.While some phobias might seem a bit silly, they can cause serious emotional distress. My co-worker Magda is terrified of pigeons, a phobia that is taking over her life. She won't walk in certain parts of the city and runs screaming from the subway when one of these "rats with wings" finds its way onto the platform. Another friend is disgusted with cheese. Once I saw her run away from a slice of it. So where does an irrational fear of cheese come from?Are phobias something we inherit from our genes or do we acquire these unusual anxieties over time?Ever since I can remember I have been unreasonably frightened of elevators. There was no terrible childhood experience and I am fine with confined spaces, but something about elevators makes me nervous. And so, when my boyfriend and I found ourselves trapped in an elevator last year - because these sorts of things always happen eventually- I was anticipating the worst.While he gave me a suggestive eyebrow raise and proposed we "take advantage of the situation," I began screaming uncontrollably. I was far from turned on by the whole facing my worst nightmare thing.However, after the fear subsided(消退)I realized that, yes, this was my greatest fear come true, and yet - it wasn't all that bad. Nervous and inconvenient maybe, but terrifying? Not so much.Liberating yourself from a deep-seated phobia can be a long and difficult process, but sometimes it can be as simple as confronting it head on.21. The 34-year-old British woman is extremely afraid of metal forks because .A. she couldn't bear their sound on plateB. she is afraid that they may hurt herC. she has never used them beforeD. she has been injured by them before22. The phrase "rats with wings" (Para. 3) refers to______A. devilsB. exotic ratsC. pigeonsD. strange birds23. The author's fear of elevators is the result of_______A. her dislike of being in closed spacesB. her terrible experienceC. her phobia for no reasonD. her nervousness of being alone24. After the fear subsided, the author realized that______A. an elevator ride could be excitingB. it was not as horrible as she had thoughtC. her boyfriend's help was importantD. she could have had a good time with her boyfriend25. The purpose for the author to share her experience is to_______A. introduce what strange fears people haveB. explain why people have strange fearsC. illustrate conquering a fear can be difficultD. encourage people to overcome their fearsPassage TwoThe American public's obsession with dieting has led to one of the most dangerous health misconceptions of all times. Many television ads, movies, magazine articles, and diet-food product labels would have consumers believe that carbohydrates (碳水化合物) are bad for the human body and that those who eat them will quickly become overweight. We are advised to avoid foods such as potatoes, rice and white bread and opt for meats and vegetables instead. Some companies promote this idea to encourage consumers to buy their "carb-free" food products. But the truth is,the human body needs carbohydrates to function properly, and a body that relies on carbohydrates but is exhausted of this dietary element is not in good shape after all.Most foods that we consume on a daily basis like potatoes and rice are loaded with carbohydrates. Contrary to popular belief, carbohydrates have many health benefits; some fight diseases such as high blood pressure and heart disease, and others help to prevent cancer and stroke. Cutting these foods out of your diet may deprive your body of the many health benefits of carbohydrates.One of the best benefits of carbohydrates is their ability to help to maintain the health of our organs, tissues, and cells. Scientific studies have shown that one type of carbohydrate called fiber reduces the risk of heart disease. Carbohydrates also contain antioxidants (抗氧化剂) , which protect the body's cells from harmful particles with the potential to cause cancer.This does not mean that the human body can survive on a diet composed entirely of carbohydrates. We also need certain percentages of proteins and fats to maintain healthy bodies. But carbohydrates certainly should not be avoided altogether. In fact, the food pyramid, the recommended basis of a healthy diet, shows that a person should consume six to eleven servings of breads and grains, as well as three to four servings each of fruits and vegetables - all carbohydrate-containing foods. It is easy to see why cutting carbohydrates out of a person's diet is not a good idea.The only way to know what is truly healthy for your own body is to talk to a nutritionist or dietician, who can help you choose foods that are right for you as well as guide you toward a proper exercise program for weight loss, or muscle gain. These professionals will never tell you to cut out carbohydrates entirely! The bottom line listen to the experts, not the advertisers!26. As is used in Paragraph l, the word "exhausted" most possibly means______A. startledB. starvingC. derivedD. deprived27. According to the author, advertisers who sell “carb-free” products_______A. value consumers' well-beingB. are not telling the truthC. offer healthy optionsD. are responsible for obesity28. Which of the following is NOT one of the health benefits of carbohydrates?A. Prevention of stroke.B. Prevention of cancer.C. Prevention of fiber reduction.D. Prevention of heart disease.29. It can be inferred from the passage that a healthy diet .A. is low in carbohydrates and high in proteins and fatsB. contains equal amounts of carbohydrates and proteinsC. needs enough proteins but no fat for us to maintain energyD. is balanced between carbohydrates, and proteins and fats30. The main purpose of the passage is toA. describe the variety of carbohydratesB. explain how to live a healthy lifeC. promote more physical exerciseD. advocate a healthy dietPassage ThreeOf all the lessons taught by the financial crisis, the most personal has been that Americans aren't so good at money-management. We take out home loans we can't afford. We run up sky-high credit-card debt. We don't save nearly enough for retirement.In response, supporters of financial-literacy education are moving with renewed enthusiasm. School districts in states such as New Jersey and Illinois are adding money-management courses to their curriculums. The Treasury and Education departments are sending lesson plans to high schools and encouraging students to compete in the National Financial Capability Challenge that begins in March.Students with top scores on that exam will receive certificates -but chances for long-term benefits are slim. As it turns out, there is little evidence that traditional efforts to boost financial know-how help students make better decisions outside the classroom. Even as the financial-literacy movement has gained steam over the past decade, scores have been falling on tests that measure how well students learn about things such as budgeting, credit cards, insurance and investments. A recent survey of college students conducted for the Jump Start Coalition for Personal Financial Literacy found that students who'd had a personal-finance or money-management course in high school scored no better than those who hadn't."We need to figure out how to do this the right way," says Lewis Mandell, a professor at the University of Washington who after 15 years of studying financial-literacy programs has come to the conclusion that current methods don't work. A growing number of researchers and educators agree that a more radical approach is needed. They advocate starting financial education a lot earlier than high school, putting real money and spending decisions into kids' hands and talking openly about the emotions and social influences tied to how we spend.Other initiatives are tacking such real-world issues as the commercial and social pressures that affect purchasing decisions. Why exactly do you want those expensive brand-name shoes so badly? "It takes confidence to take a stand and to think differently," says JerooBillimoria, founder of Aflatoun, a nonprofit whose curriculum, used in more than 30 countries ,aims to help kids get a leg up in their financial lives .” “This goes beyond money and savings"31. The financial-literacy education is intended to________.A. increase Americans' awareness of the financial crisisB. renew Americans' enthusiasm about money-managementC. help Americans to overcome the financial crisisD. enable Americans to manage money wisely32. According to the author, the National Financial Capability Challenge will be_______.A. ineffectiveB. rewardingC. costlyD. well-received33. By saying that "the financial-literacy movement has gained steam"(Para .3), the author meansthat the movement______.A. has received much criticismB. has been regarded as imaginativeC. has been more and more popularD. has gone through financial difficulties34. Lewis Mandell suggests that we should figure out how to ________.A. manage money in a more efficient wayB. carry out financial-literacy education properlyC. improve the social awareness of financial educationD. help students score better in money-management courses35. Jeroo Billimoria is most likely to agree that commercial and social pressures make one'spurchasing decisions________.A. acceptableB. difficultC. feasibleD. unwisePassage FourCheating is nothing new. But today, educators and administrators are finding that instances of academic dishonesty on the part of students have become more frequent -and are less likely to be punished - than in the past . Cheating appears to have gained acceptance among good and poor students alike.Why is student cheating on the rise? No one really knows .Some blame the trend on a general loosening of moral values among today's youth. Others have attributed increased cheating to thefact that today's youth are far more pragmatic(实用主义的)than their more idealistic predecessors. Whereas in the late sixties and early seventies，students were filled with visions about changing the world，today’s students feel great pressure to conform and succeed. In interviews withstudents at high schools and colleges around the country, both young men and women said that cheating had become easy. Some suggested they did it out of spite for teachers they did not respect. Others looked at it as a game. Only if they were caught, some said, would they feel guilty. "People are competitive," said a second-year college student named Anna, from Chicago. There's an underlying fear. If you don't do well, your life is going to be ruined. The pressure is not only form parents and friends but from oneself .To achieve .To succeed .It’s almost as though we have to outdo other people to achieve our own goals.Edward Wynne, a magazine editor, blames the rise in academic dishonesty on the schools.He claims that administrators and teachers have been too hesitant to take action .Dwight Huber, chairman of the English department at Amarillo .sees the matter differently, blaming the rise in cheating on the way students are evaluated. "I would cheat if I felt I was being cheated," Mr. Huber said. He feels that as long as teachers gives short-answer tests rather than essay questions and rate students by the number of facts they can memorize rather than by how well they can put information together, students will try to beat the system. "The concept of cheating is based on the false assumption that the system is legitimate and there is something wrong with the individual who are doing it," he said. "That's too easy an answer. We've got to start looking at the system."36. Educators are finding that students who cheat_______.A. have poor academic recordsB. are more likely to be punished than beforeC. tend to be dishonest in later yearsD. are not only those academically weak37. According to the passage, which of the following statements is true?A. Students do not cheat on essay tests.B. Students' cheating has deep social roots.C. Punishment is an effective method to stop cheating.D. Reform in the testing system will eliminate cheating.38. Which of the following points of view would Mr. Huber agree with?A. Parents must take responsibility for the rise in cheating.B. Punishment for cheaters should be severe in this country.C. Students who cheat should be expelled from school.D. Cheating would be reduced through an educational reform.39. The expression "the individuals" (the last paragraph) refers to ________A. teachersB. parentsC. students who cheatD. school administrators40. The passage mainly discusses_______A. people's tolerance of students' cheatingB. the decline of moral standards of today's youthC. factors leading to academic dishonestyD. ways to eliminate academic dishonestySection BDirections: In this section, you are required to read one quoted blog and the comments on it. The blog and comments are followed by questions or unfinished statements, each with four suggested answers A, B, C and D. Choose the best answer and mark your answer on the Answer Sheet.One of the central principles of raising kids in America is that parents should be actively involved in their children's education: meeting with teachers, volunteering at school, helping with homework, and doing a hundred other things that few working parents have time for. These obligations are so baked into American values that few parents stop to ask whether they’re worth the effort.Until this January, few researchers did, either. In the largest-ever study of how parental involvement affects academic achievement, Keith Robinson and Angel L. Harris, two sociology professors at Duke, found that mostly it doesn’t. The researchers combed through nearly three decades' worth of surveys of American parents and tracked 63 different measures of parental participation in kids' academic lives, from helping them with homework, to talking with them about college plans. In an attempt to show whether the kids of more-involved parents improved over time, the researchers indexed these measures to children's academic performance, including test scores in reading and math.What they found surprised them. Most measurable forms of parental involvement seem toyield few academic dividends for kids, or even to backfire(适得其反) -regardless of a parent'srace, class, or level of education.Do you review your daughter's homework every night? Robinson and Harris's data show that this won’t help her score higher on standardized tests. Once kids enter middle school, parental help with homework can actually bring test scores down, an effect Robinson says could be caused by the fact that many parents may have forgotten, or never truly understood, the material their children learn in school.While Robinson and Harris largely disproved that assumption, they did find a handful of habits that make a difference, such as reading aloud to young kids (fewer than half of whom are read to daily) and talking with teenagers about college plans. But these interventions don't take place at school or in the presence of teachers, where policy makers have the most influence - they take place at home.Comment 1Basically the choice is whether one wants to let kids to be kids. Persistent parental involvement and constantly communicating to the kids on what the parents want consciously or unconsciously would help the kids grow up or think like the parents sooner than otherwise.Comment 2It also depends on the kid. Emotional and social maturity have a lot to do with success in college and in life. Some kids may have the brains and are bored by high school, but that doesn’t mean they are ready for college or the work place.Comment 3The article doesn't clearly define “helping”, but I understood it as actually assisting children in the exercises (e.g. helping them to solve a math problem) and/or reviewing their work for accuracy rather than simply making sure they've completed their work. I think the latter is more helpful than the former. I would also certainly hope that no study would discourage parents from monitoring their children's performance!41.The word “they” (Para.1) refers to ____.A. principlesB. studiesC. obligationsD. values42. What is main conclusion of the Robinson and Harris study?A. Parental involvement may not necessarily benefit children.B. The kids of more-involved parents improve over time.C. Schools should communicate with parents regularly.D. Parental involvement works better with low-achievers43. Comment1 suggests thatA. kids should be kids after allB. parents should leave their children aloneC. persistent parental involvement is a mustD. parents may influence children's thinking44. The writer of Comment 2 would probably agree thatA. getting ready for college is an emotional processB. high intelligence does not guarantee successC. high school is often boring in the U.S.D. social maturity is sufficient to achieve success in life45. Which of the following parental helps will the writer of Comment 3 consider proper?A. Monitoring kids' class performance.B. Reviewing kids' homework for accuracy.C. Making sure kids have finished their workD. Assisting kids in their exercises.Part IV Cloze (10 points)Directions: In this part, there is a passage with ten blanks. For each blank there are four choices marked, A, B, C, and D. Choose the best answer for each blank and mark your answer on the Answer Sheet.Ironically, a study finds that we're awful gift-givers precisely because we spend too much time trying to be considerate. We imagine our friends 46 a gift that is impressive, expensive, and sentimental. We imagine the look of happiness and surprise on their faces and the warmth we feel 47 . But there's something that the most sentimental gift-givers tend not to think too much about: 48 the gift is practical in the first place.49 , practicality seems like an enemy of great gift giving. Beautiful jewelry, lovely watches, perfect rugs, finely crafted kitchen hardware: These things 50 great gifts because they communicate something beyond practicality. They communicate that the giver cares.But do the receivers care? Often, no. "Gift receivers would be 51 if givers gave them exactly what they requested 52 attempting to be 'thoughtful and considerate' by buying giftsthey did not explicitly request" to surprise them, the researchers write. Their clever paper asks givers and receivers to 53 gifts from two perspectives: desirability (e.g. the cost of a coffee maker) and feasibility(e.g. the 54 of the coffee maker).Across several experiments, they find that givers consistently give gifts based on desirability and receivers 55 favor gifts based on feasibility .46. A. opened B. have opened C. opening D. to open47. A. in return B. in place C. in turn D. in person48. A. How B. Why C. When D. Whether49. A. In many cases B. In many ways C. To sum up D. To be sure50. A. take up B. make for C. lead to D. work out51. A. surprised B. happy C. more surprised D. happier52. A. but for B. as to C. rather than D. regardless of53 A. measure B. select C. classify D. decide54. A. ease B. cost C. quality D. look55. A. continuously B. nevertheless C. whereas D. unexpectedlyPart V Text Completion (20 points)Directions: In this part there are three incomplete texts with 20 questions (Ranging from 56 to 75).Above each text there are three or four phrases to be completed. First, use the choices provided in the box to complete the phrases. Second, use the completed phrases to fill in the blanks of the text. Mark your answer on the Answer Sheet.Text OneA. soB. watching TVC. hire themPhrases:A. and understandably 56 AB. that the companies that 57 want moneyC. that could be spent 58Children are a special target of advertisers, 59 . Young people are shopping and spending more than ever before. Researchers suggest that children who are highly involved in consumer culture are more prone to childhood depression and anxiety and have worse relationships with their parents. They said: "You cannot totally protect your kids from advertising because it iseverywhere. So you can explain to your kids that advertisers have an agenda and 60 . They don't have our best interests in mind."They also suggest that family should watch very little television. You can fill the time 61 with other activities, such as reading and playing games together.参考答案：ACBABC文章来源：/en/publications/magazines/g201306/how-control-your-spending/（建议大家多看看这个网站的文章）本文做题技巧：第一句话的意思是，孩子们也是广告商的特殊目标。
2014年同等学力人员申请硕士学位外国语水平全国统一考试
2014 年同等学力人员申请硕士学位外国语水平全国统一考试英语试卷一Part I Oral Communication (10 points)Section ADirections: In this section there are two incomplete dialogues and each dialogue has three blanks and three choices A, B and C, taken from the dialogue. Fill ineach of the blanks with one of the choices to complete the dialogue andmark your answer on the Answer Sheet.Dialogue OneA．It’s the other man I’m talking aboutB．They had been in there for about 5 minutesC．I thought you said there were three menBurney: There were two men, I think. No, three. They ran into the bank and the one with the gun, the tall one, he runs up to the window, and starts shoutingsomething, I don’t know, “Give me all your money” and the other one –Police officer: 1 ?Burney: No, there were two men and a girl. 2 , the one carrying the suitcase, well, he goes up to the other guy –Police officer: The one with the gun?Burney: Yes, and he opens the suitcase and the cashier, well, she–well, all the other people behind the window – they hand over piles of money and the twomen put it into the suitcase and they run out. It was 1:35. 3 .Dialogue TwoA．They still make movies like thatB．I like a good storyC．People today don’t like thatSpeaker B: I agree with you, even though they’re in black and white.I think a good story is more important than color.Speaker A: And there was no violence in old movies.Speaker B: No, there wasn’t. 4 .Speaker A: They like lots of action.Speaker B: 5 .Speaker A: I like to see actors who are like real people.Speaker B: Like real people with real problems.Speaker A:6.2Speaker B: Yes, but they never make much money.Section BDirections: In this section there is one incomplete interview which has four blanks and four choices A, B, C and D, taken from the interview. Fill in each ofthe blanks with one of the choices to complete the interview and markyour answer on the Answer Sheet.A．I do a lot of my shopping on the net nowB．I do a lot of research on the Internet tooC．I document everythingD．Of course they mail their friends endlesslyInterviewer: Ms. Chen, can you tell us which pieces of technology are important to you?Interviewee: Three things: my Sharp laptop; my iphone 5; and my Olympus digital camera.7: the kids, art, buildings, clothes, scenes that catchmy eye as I walk past.Interviewer: What do you use your computer for?Interviewee: Well, I send emails all the time. But I do a lot of my design work on screen now and I can send my ideas straight to directors and producers.8 – there are some fantastic sites around now.Interviewer: Who uses the computer at home?Interviewee: The kids use the computer all the time at home. 9 – and on top of that they’re always texting on their mobile phones! They playcomputer games when they think I or their father aren’t looking! Theydon’t like doing homework, of course, but there are some really good revision sites on the Internet. 10 – 15 minutes for a whole supermarket “visit”! That feels really good.Part II Vocabulary (10 points)Directions: In this part there are ten sentences,each with one word or phrase underlined. Choose the one from the four choices marked A, B, C and Dthat best keeps the meaning of the sentence. Mark your answer on theAnswer Sheet.11．His poor performance may be attributed to the lack of motivation.A．taken for B．viewed as C．caused by D．focused on12．The new cut in interest rate is meant to promote domestic investment.A．advertise B．publicize C．encourage D．obtain13．Conditions for the growth of this plant are optimum in early summer.A．most desirable B．most favoriteC．most expressive D．most acceptable14．She often says her greatest happiness consists in helping the disadvantaged children.A．relies on B．lies inC．is composed of D．is proportionate to15．Now and in the future, we will live as free people, not in fear and never at the mercy of any foreign powers.A．under the control of B．in the interest ofC．at the cost of D．for the sake of16．Public acceptance of rabbit as an economical source of protein depends on how aggressively producers market it.A．effectively B．efficiently C．rigorously D．vigorously17．Man y New England communities do not permit the construction of a “modernist”building, lest it alter their overall architectural integrity.A．in spite that B．in case that C．for fear that D．in order that 18．Essentially, a theory is an abstract, symbolic representation of what is conceived to be reality.A．presentation B．expression C．imagination D．impression19．Television commercials have been under constant scrutiny for the last few years. A．pressure B．attack C．examination D．reflection20．The mayor has spent a handsome amount of time in his last term working to bring down the tax rate.A．considerable B．moderate C．sufficient D．plentyPart III Reading Comprehension (25 points)Directions: In this section,there are four passages followed by questions or unfinished statements, each with four suggested answers A, B, C and D.Choose the best answer and mark your answer on the Answer Sheet.Passage OneCheating is nothing new. But today, educators and administrators are finding that instances of academic dishonesty on the part of students have become more frequent – and are less likely to be punished – than in the past. Cheating appears to have gained acceptance among good and poor students alike.Why is student cheating on the rise? No one really knows. Some blame the trend on a general loosening of moral values among today’s youth. Others have attributed increased cheating to the fact that today’s youth are far more pragmatic （实用主义的）than their more idealistic predecessors. Whereas in the late sixties and early seventies, students were filled with visions about changing the world, today’s students feel great pressure to conform and succeed. In interviews with students at high schools and colleges around the country, both young men and women said that cheating had become easy. Some suggested they did it out of spite for teachers they did not respect. Others looked at it as a game. Only if they were caught, some said, would they feel guilty. “People are competitive,” said a second-year colleg e student named Anna, from Chicago. There’s an underlying fear. If you don’t do well, your life is going to be ruined. The pressure is not only from parents and friends but from oneself. To achieve. To succeed. It’s almost as though we have to outdo other people to achieve our own goals.Edward Wynne, a magazine editor, blames the rise in academic dishonesty on the schools. He claims that administrators and teachers have been too hesitant to take action. Dwight Huber, chairman of the English department at Amarillo, sees the matter differently, blaming the rise in cheating on the way students are evaluated. “I would cheat if I felt I was being cheated,” Mr. Huber said. He feels that as long as teachers give short-answer tests rather than essay questions and rate students by the number of facts they can memorize rather than by how well they can put information together, students will try to beat the system. “The concept of cheating is based on the false assumption that the system is legitimate and there is something wrong with the individuals who are doing it,” he said. “That’s too easy an answer. We’ve got to start looking at the system.”21．Educators are finding that students who cheat ________.A．are more likely to be punished than beforeB．have poor academic recordsC．are not only those academically weakD．tend to be dishonest in later years22．According to the passage, which of the following statements is true?A．Students’ cheating has deep social roots.B．Students do not cheat on essay tests.C．Reform in the testing system will eliminate cheating.D．Punishment is an effective method to stop cheating.23．Which of the following points of view would Mr. Huber agree with?A．Punishment for cheaters should be severe in this country.B．Parents must take responsibility for the rise in cheating.C．Cheating would be reduced through an educational reform.D．Students who cheat should be expelled from school.24．The expression “the individuals” (the last paragraph) refers to ________.A．parentsB．teachersC．school administratorsD．students who cheat25．The passage mainly discusses ________.A．the decline of moral standards of today’syouth B．people’s tolerance of students’ cheatingC．ways to eliminate academic dishonestyD．factors leading to academic dishonestyPassage TwoOf all the lessons taught by the financial crisis, the most personal has been that Americans aren’t so good at money-management. We take out home loans we can’t afford. We run up sky-high credit-card debt. We don’t save nearly en ough for retirement.In response, supporters of financial-literacy education are moving with renewed enthusiasm. School districts in states such as New Jersey and Illinois are adding money-management courses to their curriculums. The Treasury and Education departments are sending lesson plans to high schools and encouraging students to compete in the National Financial Capability Challenge that begins in March.Students with top scores on that exam will receive certificates – but chances for long-term benefits are slim. As it turns out, there is little evidence that traditionalclassroom. Even as the financial-literacy movement has gained steam over the past decade, scores have been falling on tests that measure how well students learn about things such as budgeting, credit cards, insurance and investments. A recent survey of college students conducted for the JumpStart Coalition for Personal Financial Literacy found t hat students who’d had a personal-finance or money-management course in high school scored no better than those who hadn’t.“We need to figure out how to do this the right way,” says Lewis Mandell, a professor at the University of Washington who after 15 years of studying financial-literacy programs has come to the conclusion that current methods don’t work. A growing number of researchers and educators agree that a more radical approach is needed. They advocate starting financial education a lot earlier than high school, putting real money and spending decisions into kids’ hands and talking openly about the emotions and social influences tied to how we spend.Other initiatives are tackling such real-world issues as the commercial and social pressures that affect purchasing decisions. Why exactly do you want those expensive brand-name shoes so badly? “It takes confidence to take a stand and to think differently,” says Jeroo Billimoria, founder of Aflatoun, a nonprofit whose curriculum, used in more than 30 countries, aims to help kids get a leg up in their financial lives. “This goes beyond money and savings.”26．The financial-literacy education is intended to ________.A．increase Americans’ awareness of the financial crisisB．renew Americans’ enthusiasm ab out money-management C．enable Americans to manage money wiselyD．help Americans to overcome the financial crisis27．According to the author, the National Financial Capability Challenge will be ________.A．rewarding B．ineffectiveC．well-received D．costly28．By saying that “the financial-literacy movement has gained steam” (Para. 3), the author means that the movement ________.A．has been regarded as imaginativeB．has received much criticismC．has gone through financial difficultiesD．has been more and more popular29．Lewis Mandell suggests that we should figure out how to ________.A．carry out financial-literacy education properlyB．manage money in a more efficient wayC．help students score better in money-management coursesD．improve the social awareness of financial education30．Jeroo Billimoria is most likely to agree that commercial and social pressures make one’s purchasing decisions ________.A．difficult B．acceptableC．unwise D．feasiblePassage ThreeThe American public’s obsessio n with dieting has led to one of the most dangerous health misconceptions of all times. Many television ads, movies, magazine articles, and diet-food product labels would have consumers believe that carbohydrates（碳水化合物）are bad for the human body and that those who eat them will quickly become overweight. We are advised to avoid foods such as potatoes, rice and white bread and opt for meats and vegetables instead. Some companies promote this idea to encourage consumers to buy their “carb-free” food products. But the truth is, the human body needs carbohydrates to function properly, and a body that relies on carbohydrates but is exhausted of this dietary element is not in good shape after all.Most foods that we consume on a daily basis like potatoes and rice are loaded with carbohydrates. Contrary to popular belief, carbohydrates have many health benefits; some fight diseases such as high blood pressure and heart disease, and others help to prevent cancer and stroke. Cutting these foods out of your diet may deprive your body of the many health benefits of carbohydrates.One of the best benefits of carbohydrates is their ability to help to maintain the health of our organs, tissues, and cells. Scientific studies have shown that one type of carbohydrate called fiber reduces the risk of heart disease. Carbohydrates also contain antioxidants（抗氧化剂）, which protect the body’s cells from harmful particles with the potential to cause cancer.This does not mean that the human body can survive on a diet composed entirely of carbohydrates. We also need certain percentages of proteins and fats to maintain healthy bodies. But carbohydrates certainly should not be avoided altogether. In fact, the food pyramid, the recommended basis of a healthy diet, shows that a person should consume six to eleven servings of breads and grains, as well as three to four servings each of fruits and vegetables –all carbohydrate-containing foods. It is easy to see why cutting carbohydrates out of a person’s diet is not a good idea.The only way to know what is truly healthy for your own body is to talk to anutritionist or dietician, who can help you choose foods that are right for you as well as guide you toward a proper exercise program for weight loss, or muscle gain. These professionals will never tell you to cut out carbohydrates entirely! The bottom line: listen to the experts, not the advertisers!31．As is used in Paragraph 1, the word “exhausted” most possibly means.A．starving B．startledC．deprived D．derived32．Acco rding to the author, advertisers who sell “carb-free” products.A．are not telling the truth B．value consumers’ well-beingC．are responsible for obesity D．offer healthy options33．Which of the following is NOT one of the health benefits of carbohydrates?A．Prevention of cancer. B．Prevention of stroke.C．Prevention of heart disease. D．Prevention of fiber reduction.34．It can be inferred from the passage that a healthy diet .A．contains equal amounts of carbohydrates and proteinsB．is low in carbohydrates and high in proteins and fatsC．is balanced between carbohydrates, and proteins and fatsD．needs enough proteins but no fat for us to maintain energy35．The main purpose of the passage is to .A．explain how to live a healthy lifeB．describe the variety of carbohydratesC．advocate a healthy dietD．promote more physical exercisePassage FourLast week, I read a story about a 34-year-old British woman who is extremely afraid of metal for ks. She’s been using plastic ones for 17 years because the sound of a fork rubbing against a plate gives her a panic attack.Strange, right? But she’s not alone. While popular phobias（恐惧症）about snakes and spiders might get all of the attention, there are a wide variety of not-so-obvious horrors that make people nervous.While some phobias might seem a bit silly, they can cause serious emotional distress. My co-worker Magda is terrified of pigeons, a phobia that is taking over her life. She won’t walk in c ertain parts of the city and runs screaming from the subwaywhen one of these “rats with wings” finds its way onto the platform. Another friend is disgusted with cheese. Once I saw her run away from a slice of it. So where does an irrational fear of cheese come from?Are phobias something we inherit from our genes or do we acquire these unusual anxieties over time?Ever since I can remember I have been unreasonably frightened of elevators. There was no terrible childhood experience and I am fine with confined spaces, but something about elevators makes me nervous. And so, when my boyfriend and I found ourselves trapped in an elevator last year –because these sorts of things always happen eventually – I was anticipating the worst.While he gave me a suggestive eyebrow raise and proposed we “take advantage of the situation,” I began screaming uncontrollably. I was far from turned on by the whole facing my worst nightmare thing.However, after the fear subsided（消退）I realized that, yes, this was my greatest fear come true, and yet –it wasn’t all that bad. Nervous and inconvenient maybe, but terrifying? Not so much.Liberating yourself from a deep-seated phobia can be a long and difficult process, but sometimes it can be as simple as confronting it head on.36．The 34-year-old British woman is extremely afraid of metal forks because ________.A．she is afraid that they may hurt herB．she couldn’t bear their sound on plateC．she has been injured by them beforeD．she has never used them before37．The ph rase “rats with wings” (Para. 3) refers to ________.A．exotic rats B．devilsC．strange birds D．pigeons38．The author’s fear of elevators is the result of ________.A．her terrible experienceB．her dislike of being in closed spacesC．her nervousness of being aloneD．her phobia for no reason39．After the fear subsided, the author realized that ________.A．it was not as horrible as she had thoughtB．an elevator ride could be excitingC．she could have had a good time with her boyfriendD．her boy friend’s help was important40．The purpose for the author to share her experience is to ________.A．explain why people have strange fearsB．introduce what strange fears people haveC．encourage people to overcome their fearsD．illustrate conquering a fear can be difficultSection BDirections: In this section,you are required to read one quoted blog and the comments on it.The blog and comments are followed by questions orunfinished statements, each with four suggested answers A, B, C and D.Choose the best answer and mark your answer on the Answer Sheet.One of the central principles of raising kids in America is that parents should be actively involved in their children’s education: meeting with teachers, volunteering at school, helping with homework, and doing a hundred other things that few working parents have time for. These obligations are so baked into American values that few parents stop to ask whether they’re worth the effort.Until this January, few researchers did, either. In the largest-ever study of how parental involvement affects academic achievement, Keith Robinson and Angel L. Harris, two sociology professors at Duke, found that mostly it doesn’t. The researchers combed through nearly three decades’ worth of surveys of American pare nts and tracked 63 different measures of parental participation in kids’ academic lives, from helping them with homework, to talking with them about college plans. In an attempt to show whether the kids of more-involved parents improved over time, the rese archers indexed these measures to children’s academic performance, including test scores in reading and math.What they found surprised them. Most measurable forms of parental involvement seem to yield few academic dividends for kids, or even to backfire（适得其反）–regardless of a parent’s race, class, or level of education.Do you review your daughter’s homework every night? Robinson and Harris’s data show that this won’t help her score higher on standardized tests. Once kidsenter middle school, parental help with homework can actually bring test scores down, an effect Robinson says could be caused by the fact that many parents may have forgotten, or never truly understood, the material their children learn in school.While Robinson and Harris largely disproved that assumption, they did find a handful of habits that make a difference, such as reading aloud to young kids (fewer than half of whom are read to daily) and talking with teenagers about college plans. But these interventions don’t take place at school or in the presence of teachers, where policy makers have the most influence – they take place at home.Comment 1:Basically the choice is whether one wants to let kids to be kids. Persistent parental involvement and constantly communicating to the kids on what the parents want consciously or unconsciously would help the kids grow up or think like the parents sooner than otherwise.Comment 2：It also depends on the kid. Emotional and social maturity have a lot to do with success in college and in life. Some kids may have the brains and are bored by high school, but that doesn’t mean they are ready for college or the work place.Comment 3:The article doesn’t clearly define “helping,” but I understood it as actually assisting children in the exercises (e.g. helping them to solve a math problem) and/or reviewing their work for accuracy rather than simply making sure they’ve completed their work. I think the latter is more helpful than the former. I would also certainly hope that no study woul d discourage parents from monitoring their children’s performance!41．The word “they” (Para. 1) refers to ________.A．valuesB．obligationsC．studiesD．principles42．What is the main conclusion of the Robinson and Harris’s study?A．Parental involvement works better with low-achievers.B．Schools should communicate with parents regularly.C．The kids of more-involved parents improve over time.D．Parental involvement may not necessarily benefit children.43．Comment 1 suggests that ________.A．pa rents may influence children’s thinkingB．persistent parental involvement is a mustC．parents should leave their children aloneD．kids should be kids after all44．The writer of Comment 2 would probably agree that ________.A．social maturity is sufficient to achieve success in lifeB．high school is often boring in the U.S.C．high intelligence does not guarantee successD．getting ready for college is an emotional process45．Which of the following parental helps will the writer of Comment 3 consider proper?A．Assisting kids in their exercises. B．Makingsure kids have finished their work.C．Reviewing kids’ homework for accuracy.D．Monitoring kids’ class performance.Part IV Cloze (10 points)Directions: In this part,there is a passage with ten blanks.For each blank there are four choices marked A,B,C,and D.Choose the best answer for eachblank and mark your answer on the Answer Sheet.Ironically, a study finds that we’re awful gift-givers precisely because we spend too much time trying to be considerate. We imagine our friends46 a gift that is impressive, expensive, and sentimental. We imagine the look of happiness and surprise on their faces and the warmth we feel 47 . But there’s something that the most sentimental gift-givers tend not to think too much about: 48 the gift is practical in the first place.49 , practicality seems like an enemy of great gift giving. Beautiful jewelry, lovely watches, perfect rugs, finely crafted kitchen hardware: Thesethings50 great gifts because they communicate something beyond practicality. They communicate that the giver cares.But do the receivers care? Often, no. “Gift receivers would be51 if givers gave them exactly what they requested 52 attempting to be ‘thoughtful and considerate’ by buying gifts they did not explicitly request” to surprise them, the researchers write. Their clever paper asks givers and receivers to 53gifts from two perspectives: desirability (e.g. the cost of a coffee maker) and feasibility (e.g. the54of the coffee maker). Across several experiments, they find that givers consistently give gifts based on desirability and receivers 55favor gifts based on feasibility.46．A．have opened B．opened C．to open D．opening 47．A．in place B．in return C．in person D．in turn 48．A．Why B．How C．Whether D．When 49．A．In many ways B．In many cases C．To be sure D．To sum up 50．A．make for B．take up C．work out D．lead to 51．A．happy B．surprised C．happier D．more surprised 52．A．as to B．but for C．regardless of D．rather than 53．A．select B．measure C．decide D．classify 54．A．cost B．ease C．look D．quality 55．A．nevertheless B．continuously C．unexpectedly D．whereasPart V Text Completion (20 points)Directions:In this part, there are three incomplete texts with 20 questions(Ranging from 56 to 75). Above each text there are three or four phrases to becompleted. First, use the choices provided in the box to complete thephrases. Second, use the completed phrases to fill in the blanks of thetext. Mark your answer on the Answer Sheet.Text OneA．sendingB．as well asC．beyondPhrases:A．56 the reach of most AmericansB．57 young people to collegeC．58 the wages of average familiesA research group in California has released a “national report car d on higher education.” The report says the price of college has increased more than four hundred percent since 1982. Costs have climbed much faster than other prices –59. The group warns that a continuation of these trends would put higher education60 . And it would mean greater debt for those who do go to college. The report also expresses concern that the United States is losing its leadership in 61 .Text TwoA．watching TVB．hire themC．soPhrases:A．that the companies that 62 want moneyB．that could be spent 63C．and understandably 64Children are a special target of advertisers, 65 . Young people are shopping and spending more than ever before. Researchers suggest that children who are highly involved in consumer culture are more prone to childhood depression and anxiety and have worse relationships with their parents. They said: “You cannot totally protect your kids from advertising because it is everywhere. So you canexplain to your kids that advertisers have an agenda and 66 . They don’t have our best interests in mind.”They also suggest that family should watch very little television. You can fill the time 67 with other activities, such as reading and playing games together.Text ThreeA．betweenB．imitateC．accelerateD．otherwisePhrases:A．enabling the bird to 68B．it 69 couldC．would be difficult to 70D．from 71 its feathersThe emperor penguin traps air in its feathers. Not only does this insulate the bird against extreme cold but it also enables it to move two or three timesfaster than 72 . How? Marine biologists have suggested that it does so by releasing tiny air bubbles 73 . As these bubbles are released, they reduce friction on the surface of the penguin’s wings,74 .Interestingly, engineers have been studying ways to make ships go faster by using bubbles to reduce friction against their hulls（船身）. However, researchers acknowledge that further investigation is challenging because “the complexity of penguin’s wings75.”。
2014年同等学力人员申请硕士学位模拟试题(英语)老师版
2014年同等学力人员申请硕士学位外国语水平全国统一考试（模拟试卷）ENGLISH QUALIFICATION TESTFOR MASTER-DEGREE APPLICANTSPart 1 Oral Communication (15 minutes 10 points)Section A:Directions: In this section, there are two dialogues between two speakers , each has three blanks and three choices marked A,B, and C taken from the dialogue. Fill in each of the blanks with the choices to complete the dialogue. Mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET.Dialogue OneA. It was very exciting, wasn‟t it?B. Always the same old thing.C. But I thought it was boring.A. What did you think of the movie?B. I thought it was gorgeous! I loved it!A. You did? (1) __________c______________.B. Why? What didn‟t you like about it?A. For one thing, there was too much violence in it, always fighting and killing!B. But it was just an action movie!A. And the story was silly too. (2)_________b_____________.B. Well, you see, the stories are always simple in those movies.A. What did you like about it?B. (3)____________a_________________ And I like the movie star. The young guys are crazy about her!Dialogue TwoA.just trade it inB.listen upC.first things firstA.Well, _____b_________, Jerry, you‟ve got to start thinking to change it now.B. But you know it would cost much to buy a new one.A: You could buy a new car, or _______a__________ and buy a second hand.B: Which means, we‟re up against a big decision, aren‟t we? Well, I am not sure, but if I trade it in, I will have to check out some used cars right now.A.Treat me a drink and I can help you choose one.B: Will you? Oh, thank you so much! But, ________c__________, I will go check up my budget and make sure if everything is all right.Section B:Directions: In this section, there is an interview between two speakers , which has four blanks and four choices marked A,B, C and D taken from the interview. Fill in each of the blanks with the choices to complete the interview. Mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET.A.I saw a piece of news about womenB. As a resultC. men have a hard time going out with womenD. That is right.A: ________a_____________ who are earning more money than males. What do you think about that?B: Oh, I think ____________c______________ who earn more than them because there‟s this stereotype that men should make more money than females.A: ________d____________. According to the news, between 30% and 40% of women earn more money than their spouses. And by the year 2030, the average woman in this country is expected to outearn the average man.B: What are the possible reasons for this?A: Well, there are educational trends; many more women are receiving higher education now than before. ______b_________, there are also more women entering the workforce.Part II Vocabulary (10 minutes, 10 points)Directions: In this section there are 10 sentences, each with one word or phrase underlined. Choose the one from the 4 choices marked A, B, C and D that best keeps the meaning of the sentence. Then mark the corresponding letter with a single bar across the square brackets on your machine-scoring ANSWER SHEET.11．Betty was offended because she felt that her friends had ignored her purposefully at the party.A．desperately B．definitelyC．deliberately D．decisively12．Janet couldn‟t work out why the rescue team didn‟t get his message on time.A．carry out B．break upC．figure out D．put out13．The researchers have come up with numerous explanations to justify their failures．A．lead to B．charge for C．call for D．account for14．They sent in a recommendation letter shortly after they applied to Harvard for the postdoctoral program.A. recentlyB. soonC. latelyD. posthumously15. The chairman made an exhilarating speech at the opening ceremony of the sports meeting, which encouraged the sportsmen greatly.A. vigorousB. tediousC. flatD. harsh16．Life is more important than the pressures and stresses that we place on ourselves over work and other commitments.A．appointments B．arrangementsC．obligations D．devotions17．She said that the medicine the doctor gave her brought relief to his headache. A. eased B. rescued C. promoted D. diagnosed18．Today‟s movie features Tom Cruise as the leading actor, who has attracted millions of fans to watch his Mission Impossible series.A．describes B．characterizes C．manifests D．professes 19．In this glorious season, Kobe Bryant has harvested great honor and recognition around the world.A. benefitedB. flourishedC. acquiredD. required 20．Long-term use of the drugs can ultimately alter the patient‟s motor skills and personality.A. divertB. exhaustC. exchangeD. affectPart III Reading Comprehension (45 minutes, 25 points)Section ADirections: There are 4 passages in this part. Each passage is followed by questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are 4 choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the best one and mark the corresponding letter with a single bar across the square brackets on your machine-scoring ANSWER SHEET.Text 1When Patricia Weathers's son Michael had problems in his first-grade class, a school psychologist told the mother he had attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, or ADHD, and needed to be medicated with stimulants. If not, he would be sent to a special education facility near his school. Confused and frightened, Weathers says she consented to put Michael on Ritalin, a commonly used stimulant that doctors prescribe to decrease the symptoms of ADHD - restlessness, disorganization, hyperactivity. But Michael exhibited negative effects from the drug, such as social withdrawal. Instead of spotting the side effects, Weathers says, school officials again pressured her back to the psychiatrist's office, where Michael's diagnosis was changed to social anxiety disorder and an antidepressant prescribed. Finally, says Weathers, "I saw that the medicines were making Michael psychotic, so I stopped giving them to him." When she stopped the medicine, the school reported her to state child protective services for child abuse.Though charges were dropped, the Weathers case has become a symbol of the boiling controversy surrounding ADHD, treatment for it, and the subjective diagnostic tests that some critics say has led to an overuse of stimulants in schools. According to testimony given before Congress in 2000, ADHD diagnosis in children grew from 150,000 in 1970 to 6 million in 2000, representing 12 to 13 percent of US schoolchildren.On the one hand, a recent study by National Institute of Mental Health, published in April, confirmed long-held assumptions that consistent use of stimulants mildly suppresses children's growth - at an average rate of about an inch over the course of two years, in addition to weight loss in some children. At the same time, another part of the same study gave the use of medication a boost when it comes to the treatment of ADHD. The study showed that strict behavioral rules, used without drugs, were not as successful as treatments involving stimulants. They suppressed ADHD symptoms in 34 percent of the children tracked over a two-year period, while medication worked in 56 percent of cases.Yet if the study was reassuring to some who work with children, it was alarming to others. "The study helps prove that the country is only hearing half the story about ADHD," says William Frankenberger, a professor at the University of Wisconsin, who has been studying ADHD for almost two decades. "If these medicines suppress growth, you have to ask what else they are doing that we can't measure."21.It can be inferred from the text that kids with ADHD are often[A] allergic to medicines.[B] absent-minded in class.[C] afraid of meeting strangers.[D] anxious about seeing the doctor.22.Weathers stopped giving the medicine to her son because[A] she sensed the side effects of the medicine.[B] the doctor prescribed another new treatment.[C] the school psychologist advised against using it.[D] she was charged with abusing her son physically.23.The figures in Paragraph 2 indicate[A] the overuse of anti-ADHD medicines on schoolchildren.[B] the sharp drop of child-abuse cases in schools and families.[C] the total loss of confidence in school doctors among parents.[D] the drastic growth of ADHD symptoms observed among children.24. The study by National Institute of Mental Health suggested that[A] the use of medicine was effective in treating ADHD.[B] kids on medication of stimulants tended to grow a lot.[C] it was more successful to discipline children with ADHD.[D] kids would put on weight quickly after receiving medication.25.The Wisconsin professor’s conce rn was that[A] the government would not take actions to suppress ADHD.[B] the anti-ADHD medicines might have more serious side effects.[C] teachers and doctors at school might neglect the kids with ADHD.[D] parents with ADHD kids could be discouraged by the study results.Text 2Pretty in pink: adult women do not remember being so obsessed with the colour, yet it is pervasive in our young girls‟ lives. It is not that pink intrinsically bad, but it is a tiny slice of the rainbow and, though it may celebrate girlhood in one way, it also repeatedly and firmly fused girls‟ identity to appearance. Then it presents that connection, even among two-year-olds, between girls as not only innocent but as evidence of innocence. Looking around, despaired at the singular lack of imagination about girls‟ lives and interests.Girls' attraction to pink may seem unavoidable, somehow encoded in their DNA, but according to Jo Paoletti, an associate professor of American Studies, it's not. Children were not colour-coded at all until the early 20th century: in the era before domestic washing machines all babies wore white as a practical matter, since the only way of getting clothes clean was to boil them. What's more, both boys and girls wore what were thought of as gender-neutral dresses. When nursery colours were introduced, pink was actually considered the more masculine colour, a pastel version of red, which was associated with strength. Blue, with its intimations of the Virgin Mary, constancy and faithfulness, symbolised femininity. It was not until the mid-1980s, when amplifying age and sex differences became a dominant children's marketing strategy, that pink fully came into its own, when it began to seem innately attractive togirls, part of what defined them as female, at least for the first few critical years.I had not realised how profoundly marketing trends dictated our perception of what is natural to kids, including our core beliefs about their psychological development. Take the toddler. I assumed that phase was something experts developed after years of research into children's behaviour: wrong. Turns out, according to Daniel Cook, a historian of childhood consumerism, it was popularised as a marketing gimmick by clothing manufacturers in the 1930s.Trade publications counseled department stores that, in order to increase sales, they should create a "third stepping stone" between infant wear and older kids' clothes. It was only after "toddler" became common shoppers' term that it evolved into a broadly accepted developmental stage. Splitting kids, or adults, into ever-tinier categories has proved a sure-fire way to boost profits. And one of the easiest ways to segment a market is to magnify gender differences –or invent them where they did not previously exist.26. By saying "it is ... The rainbow"(line 3, Para 1), the author means pink _______.A should not be the sole representation of girlhoodB should not be associated with girls' innocenceC cannot explain girls' lack of imaginationD cannot influence girls' lives and interests27. According to Paragraph 2, which of the following is true of colours?A Colors are encoded in girls' DNAB Blue used to be regarded as the color for girlsC Pink used to be a neutral color in symbolizing gendersD White is preferred by babies28. The author suggests that our perception of children's psychological devotement was much influenced by ________.[A] the marketing of products for children[B] the observation of children's nature[C] researches into children's behavior[D] studies of childhood consumption29. We may learn from Paragraph 4 that department stores were advised ________.A focuses on infant wear and older kids' clothesB attach equal importance to different gendersC classify consumers into smaller groupsD create some common shoppers' terms30. It can be concluded that girl's attraction to pink seems to be _____.A clearly explained by their inborn tendencyB fully understood by clothing manufacturersC mainly imposed by profit-driven businessmenD well interpreted by psychological expertsText 3Sometimes Sadler breaks into teeny giggles and sometimes she roars with laughter. And sometimes a dozen or so people do the same along with her. But there is nothing funny. Ms. Sadler is a certified laughter leader whose job is to help people laugh. Literally.Sadler is one of about 1,000 adults in the United States, Canada, and Mexico who have become certified laughter leaders since July 2000 through the World Laughter Tour Inc. The group was formed in 1998 by former psychologist and psychotherapist Steve Wilson and nurse Karyn Buxman. Their intent, then and now, is "global influence in the practical applications of laughter and humor for health and world peace.""If everyone would go back to being a child again by spending 30 minutes laughing, the whole world would be a better place," he adds.In fact, there is a kind of shared universal language that goes something like this: Hee hee ha ha ho ho.... That's just one of the phrases Sadler uses in her workshop. Those who attend one of her classes might find themselves sitting with their mouths open wide, lightly slapping their chests and then their knees with one hand while pointing at people with the other hand and laughing without making noise."It's sort of as if you were in church and you couldn't laugh and had to squelch it a little bit," says Sadler about the "silent laugh," one of the interactive laughter exercises she uses.A louder laughter exercise is the "cellphone laugh." Sadler asks participants to walk around the room, holding imaginary cellphone against their ear, pretending to call a friend to perhaps tell them about this crazy laughter club workshop they attended. But instead of talking on their phones, participants laugh into it. And they're encouraged to make eye contact with one another.The favorite class exercise is often the "argumentative laughter" Class participants walk around and point and wiggle their fingers as though in preparation to scold one another, but instead, they laugh. Hee, hee, hee.Barbara Hee (yes, that's her real name), founder of the Philly Phun Laughter Club in Philadelphia, recently aimed to get the whole city laughing.Ms. Hee and four other certified laughter leaders offered free laughter sessions throughout the city during the week of April 25. Even the mayor joined in by officially proclaiming the week Laughter Week.Hee knows the value of a good laugh. In her previous job in cemetery-plot sales, she faced tough sales goals and many unhappy people. "This laughter training has been really good for me," she says. "It gave me direction. It got me out of a blah (meaningless) period of my life and helped me to move on."31. Ms. Sadler‟s job is “to help people laugh. Literally.” This implies thatA. she helps unders tand the verbal meaning of “laugh”.B. there is nothing funny about laughing.C. she just teaches participants how to make laughter.D. she quotes literary texts to help people laugh.32. When one is doing “cellphone laugh” training, he is supposed toA. hold a phone against his ear and pretend to call a friendB. tell a friend about the crazy laughter club workshop he attended.C. laugh at his friend on the phone for not attending the course.D. be encouraged to look at other participants when he is laughing.33. Which of the following is not one of the “interactive laughter exercises”?A. Laughing as if you were in church and had to squelch it a little bit.B. Pointing at one another and laughing without noise.C. Pointing and wiggling fingers as though in preparation to scold one another, but instead, they laughD. Laughing into imaginary phones and looking at one another when laughing34. For Ms Hee, the value of a good laugh is thatA. it gives her meaning of life.B. it helps sell more cemetery plots.C. it helps unhappy people.D. it helps her to move from place to place.35. What is supposed to be the title of the passage?A. Laughter and HumorB. Sadler, the Laughter LeaderC. Laughter Training WorkshopD. Hee‟s New LifeText 4Recently，the American Heart Association surveyed 1,000 people nationwide about their thoughts on sodium and heart health. 61% said that they believed sea salt was a low-sodium alternative to table salt. They can be forgiven for thinking so. Sea salt is marketed as a healthy food，added to soups，potato chips and a wide variety of packaged snacks labeled "low sodium"，"all natural" and "healthy". But in reality，sea salt and table salt are not terribly different，at least chemically. The real differences are in how the two are used in cooking.Table salt comes from underground salt deposits. Companies that sell it typically add something to keep it from clumping. During processing，table salt is stripped of many of its natural minerals. Sea salt，on the other hand，is made from evaporated seawater. With little processing，it retains most of its minerals，which some cooks say give it a better flavor.But both contain the same amount of sodium chloride by weight，which means they contribute equally to total sodium consumption and have the same effect on blood pressure. Officials recommend that adults consume no more than 2,300 milligrams of sodium a day，equivalent to a teaspoon of salt. You should eat less if you are black，hypertensive or older than 40. Yet most Americans consume more than double theamount they need，mostly from processed foods，so it is best to limit salt - of any kind.36.According to the survey，more than half the people believe that________.A. table salt should be used in cookingB. it is necessary to eat sea saltC. sea salt is a high-sodium productD. sea salt is a healthier choice than table salt37.The difference between table salt and sea salt lies in that table salt________.A. contains less natural minerals than sea saltB. forms clumps more easily than sea saltC. tastes better than sea saltD. goes through less processing than sea salt38.The word "strip" in Para. 2 is closest in meaning to “_______”.A. breakB. addC. remove D change39. According to the passage，the proper amount of salt consumption is related to one's ________.A. appetiteB. ageC. sexD. weight40.According to the passage，Americans ________.A. consume much more salt than they actually needB. consume about 2,300 milligrams of salt a dayC. prefer fresh food to salted processed foodD. try to limit their salt consumption of any kindSection BDirections: In this section, you are required to read one quoted blog and the comments on it. The blog and comments are followed by questions or unfinished statements, each with four suggested 4 answers A, B, C and D. Choose the best answer and mark the answer on the ANSWER SHEET.“I would never send my son Will to public school. Of course, he will learn something, but not in school. And I will be his own teacher, because I know what is best for him. I know what he needs. In school, teachers have care for dozens of kids. They don‟t have enough time for each kid. Attention and care are very important to kids. Keeping that in mind, what is best for a child, your child? Some children excel in a traditional school setting. They just do great. However, many do not thrive in such an environment. Many of the discipline problems in traditional schools are created by extremely bright children who are bored to death. What is more distressing is that reports abound about shooting rampages at school, teenagers gunning down unarmed guards, then cornering other victims in the classroom before killing themselves. The environment of public schools is horrible. You can‟t ensure the safety of your children.”Comment 1:You must be kidding. Without a teaching degree, we can‟t be the teachers. Besides, our children have to play with other kids. They have to learn to socialize and willnever know how to communicate with other if they stay at home.Comment 2:I don‟t see the point in it either. Parents are always too busy to spend time with their kids. How can they make sure their kids get the best education at home? That explains why nowadays getting your children into a good school is as difficult as anything and parents are anxious to prepare their children for various programs in order to be qualified for a renowned school.Comment 3:You nanny your kids too much, regulating everything the kids do. As a result, they may turn out to be too dependent on you.Comment 4:You may be right about the dangers surrounding our kids in schools. In a modern, violent, often deranged world, safeguards are necessary.Nowadays, if kids have quarrels with each other, they don‟t get a black eye, they get killed.41. Which of the following notions from the quoted blog is Not mentioned?A. Traditional schools fail to give enough attention to each of the kids.B. We can teach our own children at home.C. Bright children are often source of trouble for public schools.D. School violence is a threat to the safety of our children.42. What comments agree with the notion in the quoted blog?A. 1 and 2B. 2 and 3C. 2, 3 and 4D. 4 only43. In comment 4, what does the word “deranged” probably mean?A. orderlyB. safeguardedC. arrangedD. crazy44. What does comment 4 suggest?A. One can‟t ensure the safety of your children in schools.B. Children will get killed if they go to schools.C. Children will have fights with teachers.D. Modern world safeguards the life of our children.45. Which one can be the best title for this report?A. Self-education: a bright future for kidsB. Schooling at home or at school: that is a questionC. Traditional schooling is at the dead endD. Children need attention and carePart IV Cloze (10 minutes, 10 points)Directions: In this part, there is a passage with 10 blanks. For each blank there are 4 choices marked A, B, C, and D. Choose the best answer for each blank and mark the corresponding letter with a single bar across the square brackets on your machine-scoring ANSWER SHEET.Some people think the best time to begin studying a foreign language is in childhood, and that the younger you are, the easier it is to learn another language. There is 1 evidence, however, that children in language classroom learn foreign languages 2 better than adults in the similar classroom situations. In fact, adults have many advantages 3 children, better memories, more efficient ways of organizing information, longer attention spans, better study habits, and greater ability to handle 4 mental tasks. Adults are often better motivated than children: they see learning a foreign language as necessary for education or career. 5 , adults are particularly sensitive to correctness of grammar and appropriateness of vocabulary, two factors that receive much attention in most language classrooms.Age 6 have some disadvantages, however. For instance, adults usually want to learn a foreign language in a hurry, unlike children, who can devote more time to language mastery. Also, adults have complex communication needs that extend beyond the mere ability to 7 a simple conversation. Adults need to be able to argue, persuade, express concern, object, explain, and present information about complex matters that relate to their work or education. Because most adults do not like to appear foolish, they often __8___ themselves opportunities to practice 9 making mistakes, not getting their message 10 , or appearing ridiculously incompetent. Also adults have more trouble than children in making new friends who speak the foreign language.46.A. few B. little C. a few D. a little47.A. no B. any C. still D. even48.A. than B. to C. over D. against49.A. complicate B. compound C. complete D. complex50.A. In addition B. In short C. In consequence D. In fact51.A. ought to B. does C. must D. can52.A. carry of B. carry through C. carry over D. carry on53.A. supply B. deny C. ignore D. neglect54.A. in the case of B. for fear of C. in spite of D. instead55.A. over B. across C. cross D. crossedPart V: Text Completion (20 minutes, 20 points)Directions: In this part, there are three short texts. For each text, you should first fill in blank in the choices A, B, C (and D) with the best answer provided in the rectangle. Then complete the text itself by filling in each of the blanks with the completed A, or B, or C (or D). Write your answer on the Answer Sheet.Text One:A.you (56)_____1___ yourself with cakeB.looking (57)____3____ some small waysC.(58)___2____ the expense of day-to-day pleasuresIf you've got a tendency to prioritize long-term happiness (59)__________c__________，you should start (60)_______b_____ to bring a little joy back into your life. I‟m not suggesting that you go out and get drunk every night，or that (61) _____a___________. There are plenty of other ways to enjoy yourself. Text Two:A.They head off instead (62)___1_______the nearest barB.(63)____3____ weekdays in pubs and barsC.The time may (64)___2_____ place to place(65)________b________ in pubs and bars throughout America, there is the late afternoon happy hour. (66)_________c_______, but usually it is held from four to seven. After the workday is finished, office workers in large cities and small towns take a relaxing pause and do not go directly home. (67)____________a____________ or pub to be with friends, co-workers and colleagues.Text Three:A.you are in the (68) _____4___ of a parentB.without first (69) _____2______ its contentsC.whether it is suitable (70) ____1______themD.(71)_____3____ other wordsLet us suppose that (72)________a____________. Would you allow your children to read any book they wanted to (73)_______b___________? Would you take your children to see any film without first finding out (74)_________c_____________? If your answer to these questions is …yes”, then you are either extremely permissive, or just plain irresponsible. If your answer is “no”, then you are exercising your right as a parent to protect your children from what you consider to be undesirable influences. (75)__________d_________, by acting as censor yourself, you areadmitting that there is a strong case for censorship.Part VI Translation (20 minutes, 10 points)Directions: Translate the following passage into Chinese. Write your translation on the ANSWER SHEET.For people who are fascinated with the lives of public figures there are some forms of media devoted exclusively to this topic. They can satisfy their curiosity by buying fan magazines and watching TV shows devoted to entertainment news. The general media should present all types of information because people have different interests. Furthermore, the practice of dwelling on the private lives of celebrities can lead people to pay more attention to these matters than they otherwise would. Perhaps most importantly, the media should respect the privacy of every individual, including public figures. They may have chosen to be in the public eye, but that does not give the public the right to know everything about them.PartⅡWriting (30 minutes, 15 points)Directions: In this part, you are to write within 30 minutes a composition of no less than 150 words under the title of “How to Deal with Smog in Big Cities”. The clues given below are reference only, Not to follow as outline for your composition. Please remember to write it clearly on the COMPOSITION SHEET.1. 雾霾的问题在大城里越来越普遍2. 洁净空气的好处3. 你认为什么办法治理雾霾比较有效。
2014年同等学力申硕英语考试真题及答案
2014年同等学力申硕英语考试真题及答案全文共3篇示例，供读者参考篇12014 Same Ability Postgraduate Entrance Examination for English Test Questions and AnswersPart I Dialogue InterpretationDirections: The sentence pairs below are closely related and always discuss the same topic. After reading the two sentences, you may choose to omit the information they convey and the reasoning method for it, and select the correct answer from the four choices.1. Speaker A: I heard that Professor Smith got promoted last week.Speaker B: He did. Did you know that he has been working at the university for over 20 years? He really deserves it.Q: What do you know from Speaker B's response to Speaker A?A. Professor Smith has been at the university for a long time.B. Professor Smith has worked hard and finally gotten a promotion.C. Professor Smith is the oldest professor at the university.D. Professor Smith is the most popular professor at the university.2. Speaker A: Can you believe that Anna broke up with Mark?Speaker B: Oh, I know. I always thought they were the perfect couple.Q: What does Speaker B imply about Anna and Mark?A. Anna and Mark have been together for a long time.B. Anna and Mark are no longer a couple.C. Anna and Mark are happy together.D. Anna and Mark are a famous couple.......Part II Reading ComprehensionDirection: This part consists of 4 passages. After reading each passage, answer the questions or complete the statements that follow it.Passage 1The year 1848 brought political revolution and economic migration to Europe. The clinic and hospital in Vienna where Dr. Ignaz Semmelweis worked was one destination for those forced over Europe.Dr. Semmelweis had been born in Hungary in 1818, had entered medical school in Vienna in 1837, and had become a doctor in 1844. The Viennese clinic where Dr. Semmelweis worked was caught in the current of professional careers and economic migration that steered thousands of young doctors to Vienna from other parts of Europe. Chief residents such as Semmelweis had to compete for promotion and the attention of the professors who distributed favors and resources.This intense collective ambition, this jostling and networking, created the vital organizational networks that drove Vienna to the medical pinnacle of Europe. But such headlong, disorganized pursuit of professional allegiance and social advancement led to inevitable error, as the cause of this first medical tragedy soon became clear.1. In 1848, Europe witnessed _____.a. a political revolutionb. a economic migrationc. a and bd. none of the above2. Dr. Ignaz Semmelweis ____.a. was born in Germanyb. entered medical school in Hungaryc. competed for promotiond. entered medical school in Budapest......Part III VocabularyDirection: Select the correct meaning of the underlined word or phrase in the sentence.1. The book is somewhat of a rarity, and it could fetch a high price at the auction.a. valueb. scarcityc. numberd. quality2. The old buildings were standing in defiance of the developer's plan to demolish them.a. obedienceb. supportc. protestd. agreement......Part IV TranslationDirection: Translate the following sentences into English.1. 他们正在进行一场生动的辩论，以寻找新的解决方案。
14年同等学力申硕考试英语模拟题
⽆忧考为⼴⼤考⽣整理了14年同等学⼒申硕考试英语模拟题，供⼴⼤考⽣参考：Paper One 试卷⼀ Part ⅠDialogue communication (10minutes, 10points) Section A Dialogue completion Directions: in this section, you will read 5 short incomplete dialogues between two speakers, each followed by 4 choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the answer that best suits the situation to complete the dialogue by marking the corresponding letter with a single bar across the square brackets on your machine-scoring ANSWER SHEET. 1. Speaker A: Your sister seems to be a bit under the weather. Speaker B: _____________. A. She has a slight fever.B. Yes, it’s bad weather today.C. No, she has a headache.D. Thank you. She doesn’t like the weather. 2. Speaker A: _____________. Speaker B: You’d better look before you leap. A. I plan to quit the job and go abroad.B. I’m crazy about basketball.C. I looked for it everywhere but didn’t find it.D. I love sports. 3. Speaker A: Where shall we meet? Speaker B: ______________. A. Will you pick me up at my place? B. Just a moment, please. C. It doesn’t matter. D. Well, you are here. 4. Speaker A: Would you like to order now? Speaker B: _______________. A. Yes. I’ll have the shrimp cocktail to start. B. Good. I’d like to ask you to send this letter to Prof. Owen. C. Well. I have no instruction at present. D. Ok. Here you are. 5. Speaker A: _______________. Speaker B: I’d like to get this film developed. A. What can I do for you? B. What are you doing? C. This film is wonderful. D. Are you still working on the movie? Section B Dialogue Comprehension Directions: In this section, you will read 5 short conversations between a man and a woman. At the end of each conversation there is a question followed by 4 choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the best answer to the question from the 4 choices by marking the corresponding letter with a single bar across the square brackets on your machine-scoring ANSWER SHEET. 6. Man: Hi, Jane, do you have some changes? I have to make a call on the payphone. Woman: Payphone? Why not use my mobile phone? Here you are. Question: What will the man most probably do? A. Get some change form Jane.B. Use the woman’s phone.C. Go look for a pay phone.D. Pay for the phone call. 7. Man: Can you tell me the title of this oil painting? Woman: Sorry, I don’t know for sure, but I guess it is an early 18 century work. Let me look it up in the catalog. Question: Where does this conversation most probably take place? A. At a bookstore. B. In a workshop. C. At an art gallery. D. In a department store. 8. Man: I am worried about those classes I missed when I was sick. Woman: I will try to bring you up today on what we’ve done. Question: What does the woman mean? A. She’s bought the man a pair of glasses today. B. She will help the man to catch up. C. She is worried about the man’s health. D. She has bought the man an up-to-date map. 9. Woman: Hey Dan. I hear you’re meeting Susan’s parents for the first time. Man: Yeah, next weekend. Fortunately, her father loves to fish, so we will have so many things to talk about. Question: What can be inferred about Dan? A. He is going to give a talk on fishing. B. He thinks fishing is a good way to kill time. C. He has the same hobby as Susan’s father. D. He is eager to meet Susan’s parents. 10. Woman: Professor White’s presentation seemed to go on forever. I was barely able to stay awake. Man: How could you sleep through it? It is one of the best that I have ever heard on this topic. Question: What does the man think of Professor White’s presentation? A. He finds the presentation hard to follow. B. He considers the presentation very dull. C. He thinks Professor White has chosen an interesting topic. D. He speaks highly of the presentation. Part II Vocabulary (10minutes, 10 points) Section A Directions: In this section there are 10 sentences, each with one word or phrase underlined. Choose the one from the 4 choices marked A, B, C and D that best keeps the meaning of the sentence. Then mark the corresponding letter with a single bar across the square brackets on your machine-scoring ANSWER SHEET. 11. We felt very nice in the lobby, the more so since it was chilly out of doors that day. A. cold B. mild C. moderate D. hot 12. Some measured all actions by the unalterable rule of night, and the eternal fitness of things. A. external B. permanent C. intermittent D. simultaneous 13. The Taoist believes that the senses are doors through which the freed soul rushes to mingle with the colors and tones of the universe. A. collide B. interact C. assimilate D. blend 14. The insults from the reporters ignited her anger to the point where he became speechless. A. quenched B. swallowed C. excited D. disturbed 15. Failure to control the growth of international debt will also constrain living standards. A. enhance B. reinforce C. restrain D. stabilize 16. Applicants for this company have to be informed of the demands peculiar to the job. A. specific B. queer C. special D. universal 17. Unable to break down the opposition, the president had to resign to bring order to the country. A. overcome B. digest C. undermine D. dominate 18. These students’ determination to face up to difficulties plays a crucial role in their success. A. live up to B. stand up to C. go up to D. add up to 19. The police are good persons to turn to in case of trouble, especially in big cities. A. in the event of B. in the case of C. in the course of D. in the way of 20. The debate as to which is the best way to lose weight has never come to an end. A. considering B. including C. relating D. concerning Section B Directions: In this section, there are 10 incomplete sentences. For each sentences there are 4 choices marked A. B, C and D. Choose the one that best completes the sentences. Then mark the corresponding letter with a single bar across the square brackets on your machine-scoring ANSWER SHEET. 21. Learners of a foreign language are advised to try to the meaning of a new word from the context. A. carry out B. fill out C. figure out D. put out 22. Yao Ming is the best known basketball player in China, who is now playing for the Rockets. A. so far B. by far C. far from D. far away 23. These glass wares are too to survive long transportation by land. A. faint B. feeble C. fragile D. fierce 24. Moving parts of machines and motor vehicles have to be regularly to reduce the friction. A. lubricated B. fabricated C. embedded D. dictated 25. The of the space shuttle that had exploded in the air were scattered over a large area. A. segments B. fragments C. elements D. ornaments 26. I can’t your idea for the simple reason that I have no prejudice against the handicapped. A. go into B. go over C. go through D. go for 27. Studies have proved that it is not wise to try to loseweight by breakfast. A. skimming B. skipping C. scrubbing D. slapping 28. Some surveys have suggested that the belief that the more money we have, the happier we are is a . A. myth B. religion C. statement D. fable 29. High schools teachers used to judge students academic performance alone. A. in favor of B. in charge of C. in face of D. in terms of 30. It is that effective measures be taken to curb the rise of food prices. A. imposing B. imperative C. industrious D. incidental Part Ⅲ Reading Comprehension (45minutes, 30points) Directions: There are 5 passages in this part. Each passage is followed by 6 questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are 4 choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the best one and mark the corresponding letter with a single bar across the square brackets on your machine-scoring ANSWER SHEET. Passage one Now York’s WCBS puts it in a way that just can’t be better expressed: “It was an accident waiting to happen”. 15-year-old Alexa Longueira was wandering along the street in Staten Island, obliviously tapping text message into her phone as she walked. Distracted by her phone, she failed to notice the open manhole (下⽔道窨井) in her path, and plunged into it, taking an unprepared bath of raw sewage along with receiving moderate injuries. Longueira called the dive “really gross, shocking and scary.” It’s not all Longueira’s fault. The manhole shouldn’t have been left uncovered and unattended, and no warning signs or hazard cones had been set Protection (DEP), who was preparing to flush the sewage, helped her out, and the department later issued a formal apology for the incident. Nonetheless, observers are harshly divided over who is to blame here. The DEP is certainly at fault for failing t secure the manhole, but to what extent should the girl be held accountable for failure to be aware of her surroundings? If she had stepped into traffic and been hit by a car, would her reaction (that is: anger and a potential lawsuit) be any different? Detachment from one’s environment due to electronic gadgets is a growing problem-and a hazardous one. The government is even trying to get involved, with multiple laws on the books across the country outlawing cell phone use and text messaging while operating a motor vehicle in the wake of serious accidents involving distracted drivers. New York Senator Kruger even tried to criminalize the use of handheld devices (including phones, music players, and game players) by pedestrians while they are crossing streets in major New York cities, due to concerns over the number of auto vs. pedestrian accidents. Following a substantial outcry, that legislation appears never to have been formally introduced. But did Kruger have a point? What interested me, at least, is the end of the story above that Longueira lost a shoe in the sewage. But since other things are not reported as l o s t , I m g u e s s i n g s h e a p p e a r s t o h a v e m a n a g e d t o k e e p h e r g r i p o n h e r p h o n e d u r i n g t h e a c c i d e n t . 0 0 3 1 . B y I t w a s a n a c c i d e n t w a i t i n g t o h a p p e n , N e w Y o r k s W C B S m e a n t t h a t . 0 0 A . t h e a c c i d e n t s h o u l d h a v e b e e n a v o i d a b l e 0 0 B . t h i s k i n d o f a c c i d e n t s h a p p e n f r e q u e n t l y 0 0 C . s o m e b o d y w a s g l a d t o s e e w h a t w o u l d h a p p e n 0 0 D . a n o p e n m a n h o l e i s s u r e a t r a p f o r c a r e l e s s p e d e s t r i a n s 0 0 3 2 . W h e n t h e g i r l f e l l i n t o t h e o p e n m a n h o l e , s h e . 0 0 A . w a s s e r i o u s l y h u r t B . w a s f r i g h t e n e d 0 0 C . t o o k a b a t h i n t h e r a w s e w a g e D . c r i e d h e l p t o t h e D E P w o r k e r 0 0 3 3 . A c c o r d i n g t o t h e a u t h o r , w h o w a s t o b l a m e f o r t h e a c c i d e n t ? 0 0 A . T h e g i r l h e r s e l f B . T h e D E P w o r k e r 0 0 C . B o t h o f t h e m D . N o b o d y 0 0 3 4 . A c c o r d i n g t o t h e p a s s a g e , w h i c h o f t h e f o l l o w i n g i s i l l e g a l i n t h e U . S . ? 0 0 A . T a l k i n g o n a c e l l p h o n e w h i l e d r i v i n g 0 0 B . T e x t m e s s a g i n g w h i l e w a l k i n g a c r o s s a s t r e e t 0 0 C . O p e r a t i n g m u s i c p l a y e r s w h i l e d r i v i n g 0 0 D . O p e r a t i n g g a m e p l a y e r s w h i l e w a l k i n g a c r o s s a s t r e e t 0 0 3 5 . T h e p h r a s e i n t h e w a k e o f ( P a r a . 5 ) i s c l o s e s t i n m e a n i n g t o 0 0 A . i n v i e w o f B . o n c o n d i t i o n o f 0 0 C . a s f a r a s D . w i t h r e g a r d t o 0 0 3 6 . T h e a u t h o r f o u n d i t f u n n y t h a t t h e g i r l h a d . 0 0 A . l o s t a s h o e i n t h e s e w a g e i n t h e a c c i d e n t 0 0 B . r e p o r t e d n o t h i n g l o s t a f t e r t h e a c c i d e n t 0 0 C . g o t a f i r m h o l d o f h e r p h o n e d u r i n g t h e a c c i d e n t 0 0 D . m a n a g e d t o k e e p h e r s e l f u p r i g h t i n t h e m a n h o l e / p >。
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Passage TwoAccording to a study, intellectual activities make people eat more than when just resting. This has shed new light on brain food. This finding might also help explain the obesity epidemic of a society in which people often sit.Researchers split 14 university student volunteers into three groups for a 45-minute session of either relaxing in a sitting position, reading and summarizing a text, or completing a series of memory, attention, and alert tests on the computer. After the sessions, the participants were invited to eat as much as they pleased.Though the study involved a very small number of participants, the results were stark. The students who had done the computer tests downed 253 more calories or 29.4 percent more than the couch potatoes. Those who had summarized a text consumed 203 more calories than the resting group.Blood samples taken before, during, and after revealed that intellectual work cause much bigger fluctuations in glucose (葡萄糖) levels than rest periods, perhaps owing to the stress of thinking.The researchers figure the body reacts to these fluctuations by demanding food to restore glucose-the brain’s fuel. Glucose is converted by the body from carbohydrates (碳水化合物) and is supplied to the brain via the bloodstream. The brain cannot make glucose and so needs a constant supply. Brain cells need twice as much energy as other cells in the body.Without exercise to balance the added intake, however, such “brain food” is probably not smart. Various studies in animals have shown that consuming fewer calories overall leads to sharper brains and longer life, and most researchers agree that the findings apply, in general, to humans.And, of course, eating more can make you fat.“Caloric overcompensation following intell ectual work, combined with the fact that we are less physically active when doing intellectual tasks, could contribute to the obesity epidemic currently observed in industrialized countries,” said lead researcher Jean-Philippe Chaput at Laval University in Quebec City, Canada. “This is a factor that should not be ignored, considering that more and more people hold jobs of an intellectual nature,” the researcher concluded.37. The passage mainly tells us that .A. consuming fewer calories can lead to sharper brainsB. thinking consumed more calories than restingC. resting more can make people fatD. brain cells need more energy than other cells in the body38. It is implied that to avoid obesity, people who have to sit long should .A. think more and eat lessB. increase the intake of vitaminsC. skip some mealsD. eat less potatoes39. The word “stark” in the 3rd paragraph is closest in meaning to “ ”A. negativeB. obscureC. absoluteD. ambiguous40. According to the research, which of the following activities consumed the most calories?A. Relaxing in a sitting positionB. Reading professional booksC. Summarizing a textD. Completing tests on the computer41. According to the passage, eating less may make people .A. smarterB. less intelligentC. more emotionalD. live a shorter life42. One of the reasons for the obesity epidemic currently observed in industrialized countries is that in these countries .A. people take different exercisesB. fewer people watch their weightC. fewer people hold physical jobsD. foods are much cheaperPassage threeOne of the simple pleasures of a lazy summer day is to be able to enjoy a refreshing slice of watermelon either at the beach, at a picnic, or fresh from the farme r’s market. Delicious and nutritious, watermelon is one of those guilt-free foods we can all enjoy: one cup of watermelon packs only about 50 calories! Watermelons are not only cooling treats for when the mercury starts to rise; they are also loaded with healthy nutrients such as vitamin A, vitamin C, lycopene (番茄红素)， and etc. Vitamins A and C and lycopene are antioxidants, which are substances that work to help get rid of the harmful effects of substances.Research has suggested that a diet high in fruits and vegetables that have plenty of antioxidants can reduce the risk of heart disease, some cancers, and some other dangerous diseases. A cup of watermelon provides 25﹪ of the recommended daily value of vitamin C and 6﹪ of the recommended daily value of vitamin A. Additionally, researchers have found that lycopene, a nutrient most traditionally associated with tomatoes, is found in equal or greater quantities in watermelon.Watermelons also provide significant amounts of vitamin B6 and vitamin B1, bothof which are necessary for energy production. In combination with the minerals and vitamins already described, these B vitamins add to the high nutrient richness of watermelon. Due to its high water content(watermelon is 92﹪ water by weight) and low calorie count, watermelon is a good choice to satisfy your hunger while you try to eat a healthy diet. Think of them as nature’s answer to the heavily marketed “vitamin water” craze.Beside the textured, watery flesh of the fruit, watermelon seeds are also widely eaten as a snack. They are rich in iron and protein and are often pressed for oil or roasted and seasoned.So if you are planning on dining outdoor this summer, or simply looking for a quick and convenient refreshment to serve to unexpected or reckless children, reach for watermelon. The kids will enjoy its crisp taste and messy juices, the adults will enjoy its refreshing flavors, and everyone will benefit from its nutritious value.43. We don’t feel guilt even if we eat more watermelon because .A. it is deliciousB. it is nutritiousC. it contains low caloriesD. it contains antioxidants44. The phrase “when the mercury starts to rise” (Para.1) probably means “ ”.A. in summer eveningsB. on sunny daysC. when people are thirstyD. when it is getting hot45. How many cups of watermelon can satisfy the daily need for vitamin C?A. 1B. 2C. 3D. 446. By saying “Think of them as nature’s answer to the heavily marketed” vitamin water “craze”, the author means .A. watermelon can take the place of vitaminsB. with watermelon, people don’t have to buy vitamin waterC. natural foods are much better than the manufactured onesD. the vitamin water has been over-advertised47. Watermelon seeds are often .A. fried in oilB. stored for seasonsC. prepared with spiceD. pressed before being cooked48. The best title of the passage is .A. Watermelon-the Most Enjoyable RefreshmentB. The Wonders of WatermelonC. The Nutrients in WatermelonD. Watermelon-the Best Summer Food for ChildrenPassage FourInitial voyages into space introduced questions scientists had never before considered. Could an astronaut swallow food in zero gravity? To keep things simple, astronauts on the Project Mercury ate foods squeezed out of tubes. It was like serving them baby food in a toothpaste container.But these early tube meals were flavorless, and astronauts dropped too many pounds. “We know that astronauts have lost weight in every American and Russian manned flight,” wrote NASA scientists Malcolm Smith in 1969. “We don’t know why.” Feeding people in space was not as easy as it looked.Floating around in space isn’t as relaxing as it might sound. Astronauts expend a lot of energy and endure extreme stresses on their bodies. Their dietary requirements are therefore different from those of their gravity-bound counterparts on Earth. For example, they need extra calcium to compensate for bone loss. “A low-salt diet helps slow the process, but there are no refrigerators in space, and salt i s often used to help preserve foods,” says Vickie Kloeris of NASA. “We have to be very careful of that.”By the Apollo missions, NASA had developed a nutritionally balanced menu with a wide variety of options. Of course, all the items were freeze-dried or heat-treated to kill bacteria, and they didn’t look like regular food.Today, the most elaborate outer-space meals are consumed in the International Space Station (ISS), where astronauts enjoy everything from steak to chocolate cake. The ISS is a joint venture between the U.S. and Russia, and diplomatic guidelines dictate the percentage of food an astronaut must eat from each country. NASA’s food laboratory has 185 different menu items, Russia offers around 100, and when Japan sent up its first crew member in 2008, about 30 dishes came with him. Due to dietary restrictions and storage issues, astronauts still can’t eat with whatever they want whenever they feel like it.In 2008, NASA astronaut and ISS crew member Sandra Magnus became the first person to try to cook a meal in space. It took her over an hour to cook onions and garlic in the space station’s food warmer, but she managed to create a truly delicious dish: grilled tuna(金枪鱼) in a lemon-garlic sauce-eaten from a bag, of course.49. Which of the following is true about the early space meals?A. They had to be eaten from a bag.B. They tasted better than they looked.C. They could not make eating as easy as possible.D. They were not nutritious enough for astronauts.50. It seems that a stronauts’ weight loss .A. was an unusual problem among astronautsB. was what puzzled the early scientistsC. caused new problems in space flightsD. drew the attention of the general public51. According to Vickie Kloeris, serving a low-salt diet in space .A. is easier said than doneB. is not absolutely necessaryC. has worked as expectedD. will be the future trend52. In the International Space Station, .A. there is enough space to store enough foods for astronautsB. there is a selection of flavored foods from a dozen countriesC. astronauts in general prefer foods from their own countriesD. astronauts’ need to eat their favorite foods can’t always be met53. It can be learned that Sandra Magnus’ cooking in space .A. le ft much to be desiredB. wasn’t worth the effortC. was quite satisfactoryD. has inspired the others54. The passage mainly introduces .A. the variety of food options in spaceB. the dietary need of astronauts in spaceC. the problems of living in the space stationD. the improvement of food offered in spacePassage FiveIs it possible to be both fat and fit-not just fit enough to exercise, but fit enough to live as long as someone a lot lighter? Not according to a 2004 study from the Harvard School of Public Health which looked at 115,000 nurses aged between 30 and 55. Compared with women who were both thin and active, obese(overweight) but active women had a mortality rate that was 91﹪ higher. Though far better than the inactive obese (142% higher), they were still worse off than the inactive lean (5% higher). A similar picture emerged in 2008 after researchers examined 39,000 women with an average age of 54. Compared with active women of normal weight, the active but overweight were 54% more likely to develop heart disease.That’s settled, then. Or is it? Steven Blair, a professor of exercise science at the University of South Carolina, describes the official focus on obesity as an “obsession… and it’s not grounded in solid data”.Blai r’s most fascinating study, in the Journal of American Medical Association in 2007, took 2,600 people aged 60 and above, of various degrees of fatness, andtested their fitness on the exercise device, rather than asking them to quantify it themselves. This is an unusually rigorous approach, he claims. Since many rival surveys ask participants to assess their own fitness, or ignore it as a factor altogether.“There is an ‘association’ between obesity and fitness,” he agrees, “but it is not perfect. As you progress towards overweight, the percentage of individuals who are fit does go down. But here’s a shock: among classⅡ obese individuals [with a body mass index between 35 and 39.9], about 40% or 45% are still fit. You simply cannot tell by looking whether someone is fit or not. When we look at these mortality rates in fat people who are fit, we see that the harmful effect of fat just disappears: their death rate during the next decade is half that of the normal weight people who are unfit.”One day-probably about a hundred years from now-this fat-but-fit question will be answered without the shadow of a doubt. In the meantime, is there anything that all the experts agree on? Oh yes: however much your body weighs, you’ll live longer if you move it around a bit.55. It can be learned that the 2008 research .A. posed a challenge to the 2004 studyB. confirmed the findings of the 2004 studyC. solved the problems left behind by the 2004 studyD. had a different way of thinking from the 2004 study56. Steven Blair probably describes the previous studies as .A. unreliableB. uncreativeC. unrealisticD. untraditional57. The major difference between Blair’s study and the previous research is that .A. Blair excluded the participants’ fitness as a factorB. Blair guessed the participants’ fitness after weighing themC. Blair required the participants to assess their own fitnessD. Blair evaluated the participants’ fitness through physical tests58. Blair’s study proves that .A. the weight problem should be taken seriouslyB. weight and fitness are strongly connectedC. it is possible to be both fat and fitD. fat people have a higher death rate59. It can be seen from the description of these studies that the author .A. shows no preference for any researcherB. finds no agreement between the researchersC. obviously favors the Blair studyD. obviously favors the Harvard study60. The purpose of writing this passage is to .A. call on people to pay attention to weight problemB. present the different findings of various weight studiesC. compare the strength and weakness of different studiesD. offer suggestions on how to remain fit and live longerPart IV Cloze (15minutes, 15points)Directions: in this part, there is a passage with 15 blanks. For each blank there are 4 choices marked A, B, C and D choose the best answer foe each blank and mark the corresponding letter with a single bar across the square brackets on your machine-scoring ANSWER SHEET.Most children with healthy appetites are ready to eat almost anything that is offered to them. A child rarely dislikes food 61 it is badly cooked. The 62 a meal is cooked and served is most important and an 63 served meal will improve a child’s appetite. Never ask a child 64 he likes or dislikes a food and never 65 likes and dislikes in front of him or allow anybody else to do so. If the father says he hates fat meat or the mother 66 vegetables, in the child’s hearing he is 67 to copy this procedure. Take it 68 granted that he likes everything and he probably will. Nothing healthful should be omitted from the meal because of a 69 dislike. At meal times it is a good 70 to give a child a small portion and let him come back for a second helping rather than give him as 71 as he is likely to eat all at once. Do not talk too much to the child during meal times, but let him go on with his food; and do not 72 him to leave the table immediately after a meal or he will soon learn to swallow his food 73 he can hurry back to his toys. Under 74 circumstances must a child be coaxed (哄骗) 75 forced to eat.61. A. if B. until C. that D. unless62. A. procedure B. process C. way D. method63. A. adequately B. attractively C. urgently D. eagerly64. A. whether B. what C. that D. which65. A. remark B. tell C. discuss D. argue66. A. opposes B. denies C. refuses D. offends67. A. willing B. possible C. obliged D. likely68. A. with B. as C. over D. for69. A. supposed B. proved C. considered D. related70. A. point B. custom C. idea D. plan71. A. much B. little C. few D. many72. A. agree B. allow C. force D. persuade73. A. so B. until C. lest D. although74. A. some B. any C. such D. no75. A. or B. nor C. but D. neitherPaper Two试卷二Part I Translation (30 minutes, 20 points)Section ADirections: Translate the following passage into Chinese. Write your translation on the ANSWER SHEET.The new year always brings an old problem for students who return to campus after a long winter holiday. As the spring semester begins, some students find themselves having to adapt to college life all over again - a process they refer to as "the holiday blues", or "post-holiday syndrome".Students must return to the uncomfortable confines of life with roommates in a crowded dormitory. Just ask 19-year-old Jiang Cheng, who lived in a spacious, well-decorated home in Tianjin over the break. Now back in the university, Jiang is sleeping on a wooden board and a few blankets, which causes his body aching.Section BDirections: Translate the following passage into English. Write your translation on the ANSWER SHEET.2010上海世博会的核心是创新和互动。