医学论文写作与学习技巧【英文】
医学论文英文摘要写作技巧
医学论文(medical papers)的定义医学论文是对整理和发表医学研究成果的一种特殊文本的总称,就其内容和文体特点而言科分为以下几种:1.医学科研论文(scientific papers)2.调查报告(survey)3.综述(review)4.学位论文(theses)5.医学科研论文(scientific papers)医学科研论文定义国际生物学编辑委员会对医学科研论文的定义为:必须是首次公布的应提供足够的资料,使同行们能够进行:①评价所观察到的结果;②评价其推理过程;③重复实验。
分为以下两种:①临床研究(clinical study);②基础研究或实验研究(experimental study)医学科研论文的格式医学科研论文必须具备以下几个部分:(1)标题(title)(2)摘要(abstract)(3)引言(introduction)(4)材料和方法(materials and methods)(5)结果(results)(6)讨论(discussion)(7)致谢(acknowledgement)(8)参考文献(references)一、标题(一)要求1.简明扼要(short and concise)(1)尽量控制在一行,但不是一个句子(2)不超过25 个单词或120-140 个字母(3)除DNA、RNA、CT 等不用缩写2.信息丰富(informative)3.便于索引(indexing)4.较长标题可采用副标题(二)标题写作中常用词组和表达方式1.用…(方法/手段)对…进行研究/分析/观察/评价:Study(analy sis/observation/evaluation/assessment) of (on) … (by) using 方法/with 工具)2.A 对B 的作用Effort of A on BProtective effect of omeprazole on endothelin-induced gastric mucosal injury3.A 与B 的关系Correlation (relation/relationship) between A and BCorrelation of A with B and C常用修饰词:positively/negatively/significantly/insignificantly4.用…治疗…Use of …in the treatment of …( 病)in …(生物)Use of omeprazole in the treatment of gastric ulcer in the elderly5.A 是BA as B二、著录部分书写(一)姓名标准式:WANG Luowei,HUANG Yingfeng,GUO Xiao’an(二)地址800 Xiang Yin Road, Shanghai 200433, P.R.China(三)资助A project funded by the National “863” Program三、摘要的分类与格式摘要是作者要给读者的精华,分两大类:(一)指示性摘要(二)资料性摘要1.非结构式摘要缺点:段落不明,给编辑、审稿、阅读和计算机处理带来诸多不便2.全结构式摘要(8 要素摘要)(1)目的(2)设计(3)地点(4)对象(5)处理(6)主要测定项目(7)结果(8)结论全结构式摘要的优点(1)观点更明确(2)信息量更大(3)差错更少(4)符合计算机数据库建立和使用的要求全结构式摘要的缺点:烦琐、重复、篇幅过长3.半结构式摘要(四要素摘要)(1)目的(objective/purpose/aim)(2)方法(methods)(3)结果(results)(4)结论(conclusion)目的:是作者想要介绍的关键问题一、目的格式(一)单表目的(二)背景+目的二、目的常用时态(一)背景:现在时(一般现在时、完成时和进行时)(二)目的:一般现在时/现在完成时,或一般过去时举例:(1)To evaluate the effects on 24-hour intragastric pH levels of infusions with omeprazole and H2 receptor antagonists in bleeding duodenal ulcer patients.(2)The role of omeprazole in triple therapy and the impact of Helicobacter pylori resistance on treatment outcome are not established. This study investigated the role of omeprazole and influence of primary H. pylori resistance on eradication and development of secondary resistance.三、介绍目的常用句型主要用动词不定式to 表达1.直接用to do 短语表达举例:To determine if use of omeprazole protects against the gastric mucosal injury2.The purpose/aim/objective/goal(of present study is)was to举例:The aim of this study was to determine the protective function of omeprazole on gastric mucosal injury3.The present study is /was designed/devised/intended to举例:The present study was designed to establish whether theremight be a genetic predisposition to an altered pattern of anti-inflammatory cytokine produced in patients with irritable bowel syndrome4.This study was performed/conducted/carried out/undertaken to举例:An experimental study was conducted using a canine mode to elucidate …5.We aimed/sought to/attempted to举例:We sought to assess whether there is an increased risk of tuberculosis among individuals who work in certain industries occupations.四、介绍目的常用动词1.研究:study, investigate, examine, observe, explore举例:Our objective in this report is to examine the clinical feature, pathology and treatment for patients with pancreatic cancer.2.评价:evaluate, validate举例:To evaluate sonography as a tool for initial diagnosis in emergency room patients with abdominal trauma.3.确定:determine, decide, confirm, support, define, characterize4.证实:prove, demonstrate, document, test, support, testify, verify5.阐明、搞清:explain, elucidate, clarify, illustrate, delineate, find out, contribute to the knowledge of6.介绍:describe, present, report7.建立:establish, develop, set out8.寻找:search for, look for, seek, find9.识别、区分:identify, differentiate, discriminate10.优选:optimize11.比较:compare12.回顾:review13.相关:correlate A with B方法部分(1)研究设计(2)研究对象的特性(3)干预或处理方法(4)测定或观察方法一、研究对象的选择、来源及标准1.纳入研究:were entered into/enrolled in/selected (randomly)举例:A total of 169 patients were included in the study, 83 of whom received……2.排除或退出研究:were excluded from participation,withdrew from the study due to/because to举例:……Pat ients with significant aortic valvular diseases were excluded.二、研究对象的分组1.……were divided into/classified/grouped into2.……were divided randomly/randomize d into3.…… were divided equally into举例:Patients were divided into three groups: Group 1…… Patients (n = 539) with a history of duodenal ulcer and a positive H. pylori screening test result were randomized into 4 groups. OAC group received 20 mg omeprazole, ……三、年龄1.某一年龄举例:A 50-year-old patient. Patients (age 26±3 years).2.在某年龄范围内及平均年龄举例:Patients range in age from …to…, with a mean of (50 years).3.在某一年龄以上或以下举例:Patients more than 50 years. Patients under/less than 50 years.四、性别、时间1.性别twelve patients (7 male and 5 female)The male-to-female ratio was 1:42.时间Body weight was measured weekly, and liver biopsy was obtained at 4, 8 and 12 weeks. ……五、诊断与治疗1.诊断be diagn osed as having …be diagnosed as …by …/with …?be suspected as …2.治疗be treated with…(alone or in combination with …)be treated on outpatient/inpatient basis举例:(1)Patients (n = 539) with a history of duodenal ulcer and a positive H. pylori screening test result were randomized into 4groups. OAC group received 20 mg omeprazole,…(2)50 patients with active bleeding duodenal ulcer were randomly assigned to receive one of the four treatment regimens. …结果部分1.是文章结论的根据2.应记录真实的科研数据3.除指示性说明外,一般用过去时表示一、常用句型1.结果表明:The results showed / demonstrated / revealed / documented / indicated/suggested…that…?It was found that…举例:The results showed that high thigh cuff Doppler technique was 79 percent sensitive, 56 percent specific and 63 percent accurate.2.与…有关:A was related / correlated /associated with B. There wasa relationship /correlation between A and B. There was a relation of A with B and C 举例:Insulin sensitivity index was negatively with blood velocity (r=0.530,P<0.05), body mass index (r=o.563, P<0.01) and baseline insulinemia (r=0.489, P<0.05)3.增加或减少(1)表示数值增加的动词:increase, rise, elevate(2)表示数值增加的名词:increase, increment, elevation(3)表示数值减少的动词:decrease, reduce, fall, drop, decline, lower(4)表示数值减少的名词:decrease, decrement, reduction, fall, drop, decline, lowering(5)从…增加到…,平均增加…:increase from …to …, with amean/average (increase) of …(6)从…增加到…,总的增加…:increase from …to …, with an overall increase of …(7)增加了10%:increase by (10%)4.倍数比较(1)增加或减少3 倍:increase by 3 fold (times). a 3-fold increase(2)A 是B 的3 倍:A is 3 fold (times) as…as B. A is 3 fold (times)B5.结果的统计学意义(1)明显不同(significant difference)(2)很明显不同(very/highly significant difference)(3)区别不明显(insignificant difference)(4)无区别(nonsignificant difference/no difference)6.统计学意义常用句型(1)There was/is significant difference in…between A and B(2)The difference in …between A and B was/is significant(3)A was/is significant difference from B in …(4)No significant difference was found / observed / notedin …between A and B“in” 表示区分的性质或内容举例:①There were no significant difference between treatment groups in symptoms and lung function (P>0.05).②Significant difference were not noted in the level of HDL cholesterol, and LDL peak particle diameter before and after treatment.结论部分:是作者发表观点和见解,给读者的精髓部分1.归纳性说明研究结果或发现2.结论性说明结果的可能原因、机理或意义3.前瞻性说明未解决的问题一、结论部分时态1.过去时(1)涉及本研究的内容(2)涉及他人研究过程的内容(3)作者认为只适用于本研究环境和条件的结论2.现在时(1)指示性说明(2)普遍接受的思想、理论或结论(3)作者认为本研究结论具有普遍意义(4)前瞻性说明举例:Our findings indicate that hepatitis C is a progressive disease [指示性说明- 现在时],but only a few died during the average 20.4 years after the initiation of injection drug use [本试验过程中发生的事- 过去时]. Antiviral treatment to eradicate the virus and halt the progression of diseases is indicated in this group of patients [ 作者认为具有普遍意义的结论- 现在时].二、结论部分常用句型1.结果提示…:These results suggest that…举例:These data confirm the presence of at least two major HCV genotypes in Nigeria.2.结果支持或反对某种观点:These results support the ideathat…;These results fail to support the idea that…举例:These results do not support the idea that treatment to lower cholesterol concentration cause mood disturbance.3.表示观点的确定或不确定性:There is no evidence that…;It islikely/unlikely that …举例:There is no evidence that NIDDM produce any change in bone metabolism or mass.4.具有…意义:Be of great (some/little/no) clinical significance in…to …举例:The detection of p53 gene is of great clinical significance in tumor diagnosis.5.前瞻性说明:…remain to be further studied;It is remains to be proved that …举例:However, the relation of insulin resistance to hypertension remains to be further studied.6.插入语:This is the first case of pancreas divisum.举例:This is the first case, to our knowledge, of pancreas divisum.小结中文是关键→符合英语习惯→不用简单句→注意词语的用法→注意时态。
英文医学科研论文的写作方法
英文医学科研论文的写作方法Title: Choose a concise and informative title thataccurately reflects the content of your research. It should be clear, specific, and catch the reader's attention.Abstract: Write a brief summary of your research, including the study objectives, methods, results, and conclusion. The abstract should provide a clear overview of your work and encourage readers to continue reading.Introduction: In the introduction, provide background information on the topic and clearly state the research question or objective. Explain the importance of your study and why itwas conducted. Include relevant references to support yourclaims and set the context for your work.Methods: Describe the study design, participants, and inclusion/exclusion criteria. Include details of data collection methods, such as surveys, experiments, or clinical trials. Provide clear and precise information about statistical analysis and ethical considerations. It is important to ensure that the study design is appropriate for answering your research question.Results: Present your findings in a logical and clear manner. Use tables, graphs, and figures to enhance the understanding of your results. Report statistical analyses, including p-valuesand confidence intervals, as appropriate. Make sure to link yourresults back to your research question or objective. Avoid interpretation and discussion in this section.Discussion: Interpret your results in the context of the existing literature. Discuss any limitations or weaknesses of your study and suggest potential areas for further research. Highlight the significance of your findings and their implications for clinical practice or theory. Avoid repeating the results; instead, focus on providing a critical analysis and offering explanations for unexpected or contradictory results. Use credible references to support your arguments.Conclusion: Summarize the key findings of your study and their implications. Emphasize the novelty and importance of your work. Conclude with future research directions or potential applications.Language and style: Write in clear, concise, and precise English. Use appropriate medical terminology and avoid jargon or overly technical terms unless necessary. Structure your paper logically, with clear headings and subheadings. Proofread and edit your writing to eliminate grammatical errors, awkward sentences, or unclear statements.Ethical considerations: Ensure that your research has been conducted in accordance with ethical guidelines and regulations. Obtain necessary permissions and approvals, and protect participants' confidentiality and privacy.。
医学科普文章写作技巧和方法
医学科普文章写作技巧和方法Writing popular science articles in the field of medicine requires a unique set of skills and methods. 第一，了解受众需要，最好使用平易近人的语言，将专业知识传递给非专业人士。
Understanding the needs of the audience is crucial when writing medical popular science articles. It is best to use simple and accessible language to convey professional knowledge to non-experts. 第二，要保持客观和中立，避免过度夸大或夸张事实。
Secondly, it is important to maintain objectivity and neutrality, avoiding overemphasis or exaggeration of facts.医学科普文章需要注意准确性和权威性，展示最新的研究和发现。
Medical popular science articles need to focus on accuracy and authority, showcasing the latest research and discoveries. 熟悉研究进展和学术趋势，可以为读者提供有价值的信息。
Being familiar with research progress and academic trends can provide valuable information for readers. 此外，及时更新知识并引用权威来源，有助于提升文章的可信度和说服力。
In addition, updating knowledge in a timely manner and citing authoritative sources can enhance the credibility and persuasiveness of the article.写作风格也是医学科普文章的关键因素，要简练清晰、逻辑严谨。
医学英语文献关于写作方法
医学英语文献关于写作方法As per your request, I will provide a response in English first and then in Chinese.Writing a medical research paper requires a structured approach to ensure clarity and conciseness. Here are some key steps to consider when writing a medical paper:1. Choose a clear and concise title: The title should accurately reflect the content of the paper and be easily understood by the intended audience.2. Structure the paper: A typical medical research paper includes an abstract, introduction, methods, results, discussion, and conclusion. Each section should be clearly defined and logically organized.3. Use clear and precise language: Medical writing should be free of ambiguity and jargon. Use clear and concise language to convey your findings and conclusions.4. Cite relevant literature: It's important to support your research with relevant literature. Make sure to properly cite all sources and provide a comprehensive literature review.5. Use tables and figures: Visual aids such as tablesand figures can help to present complex data in a clear and concise manner. Make sure to properly label and referenceall visual aids.6. Revise and proofread: Before submitting your paper, carefully review and revise the content for clarity, coherence, and accuracy. It's also important to proofreadfor grammar and spelling errors.医学研究论文的写作需要有条理的方法，以确保清晰和简洁。
医学论文英文要领-IPPT课件
Zunyi Medical College
increased operative difficulty due to extensive adhesions and intraoperative hemorrhage. Our analysis suggests that patients receiving long-term TPN should have a program of ultrasound surveillance for gallbladder formation, elective cholecystectomy when stones first appear, and consideration of cholecystectomy at the time of laparotomy performed for other reasons. Whether
指示性摘要或通报性摘要
指示性摘要：只I通n报fo论rm文a主t题iv，e-不In介d绍ic研at究iv的e 材ab料s、tr方ac法t 和结
果。
报道-指示性摘要
Zunyi Medical College
一、报道性摘要 Informative abstract
报道性摘要是指明一次文献的主题范围及内容梗 概的简明摘要，相当于简介。字数: 中文摘要一般不宜 超过200-300字，外文摘要不宜超过250个实词。
Types:
Non-structured structured
Full-structured abstract Semi-structured abstract
Zunyi Medical College
1） 非结构式（ Non-structured ）摘要：
医学英语写作技巧
医学英语写作技巧在当今全球化的医学领域，能够熟练地进行医学英语写作是一项至关重要的技能。
无论是撰写医学研究论文、病例报告，还是与国际同行进行学术交流，准确、清晰、专业的医学英语表达都能为我们的工作和学习带来极大的便利。
下面我将为大家分享一些实用的医学英语写作技巧。
一、词汇积累医学英语有着丰富而专业的词汇体系。
首先，要熟悉常见的医学词根、词缀。
例如，“cardio”表示“心脏”，“neuro”表示“神经”，“itis”表示“炎症”等。
通过掌握这些词根和词缀，可以推测和理解许多生词的含义。
其次，建立自己的医学词汇库。
可以通过阅读医学文献、教材、杂志等，将遇到的重要词汇和短语记录下来，并定期复习。
同时，要注意词汇的准确拼写和用法，尤其是那些容易混淆的词汇，如“effect”和“affect”，“discrete”和“discreet”等。
另外，多使用医学英语词典和在线资源，如 MerriamWebster's Medical Dictionary、Medscape 等，来查询和确认词汇的含义和用法。
二、语法规范医学英语写作要求语法准确无误。
在句子结构上，应尽量保持简洁明了，避免复杂冗长的句式。
主语和谓语要清晰明确，避免出现歧义。
时态的使用要根据具体情况而定。
在描述研究方法和结果时，通常使用过去时；在讨论结论和提出建议时，常用现在时。
例如：“We conducted the experiment to investigate the effect of the new drug The results showed that”注意名词的单复数形式，尤其是那些不规则变化的名词，如“child children”“mouse mice”等。
同时，要正确使用冠词，特别是在医学术语前，如“a dose of medicine”“the treatment of cancer”。
三、句子结构为了使文章更具逻辑性和连贯性，要合理安排句子的结构。
医学英文论文摘要的写作方法
医学英文论文摘要的写作方法【摘要】Medical English abstract writing is an essential skill for researchers in the field. The introduction covers the overview, purpose, and importance of mastering this skill. The body section emphasizes selecting keywords, expressing ideas clearly, avoiding abbreviations and jargon, following a structured writing pattern, and ensuring good grammar and spelling. The conclusion summarizes the key points, suggests future research directions, and reaffirms the significance of effective abstract writing. Mastering the art of writing a concise and informative abstract is crucial for enhancing the visibility and impact of research findings in the medical field. Encompassing these key elements will help researchers effectively communicate their work to a wider audience and contribute to the advancement of medical knowledge and practice.【关键词】医学英文论文摘要、写作方法、选取关键词、简洁明了的表达、避免使用缩写或专业术语、结构化写作模式、注意语法和拼写问题、总结、展望未来研究方向、重申重要性1. 引言1.1 概述【医学英文论文摘要的写作方法】The writing of a medical English abstract is a crucial aspect of academic research in the field of medicine. An abstract serves as a concise summary of the entire research paper, providing readers with a quick overview of the study's objectives, methods, results, and conclusions. In this paper, we will discuss the key elements involved in crafting an effective medical English abstract.1.2 目的【医学英文论文摘要的写作方法】Overall, this article will serve as a valuable resource for individuals looking to improve their abstract writing skills in the field of medicine. By following the methods outlined in this article, researchers and professionals can enhance the visibility and impact of their research, contribute to the advancement of medical knowledge, and promote interdisciplinary collaboration in the healthcare community.1.3 重要性【医学英文论文摘要的写作方法】The importance of mastering the art of writing a medical English abstract cannot be overstated. A well-written abstract is essential for researchers to effectively communicate the key findings of their study to a wider audience. It serves as a concisesummary of the entire research paper, providing readers with a quick overview of the study's objectives, methods, results, and conclusions.2. 正文2.1 选取关键词【医学英文论文摘要的写作方法】1. **Be specific:** Choose keywords that are specific to the study's content and research objectives. Avoid using broad terms that may encompass a wide range of topics, as this can make it difficult for readers to determine the key focus of the paper.2.2 简洁明了的表达【医学英文论文摘要的写作方法】In summary, a well-written medical English paper abstract should be succinct, clear, and easily understandable to a broad audience. By focusing on concise and clear expression, you can effectively communicate the key findings and significance of your research to readers.2.3 避免使用缩写或专业术语【医学英文论文摘要的写作方法】When writing a medical English abstract, it is important to avoid using abbreviations or professional terminology that may not be easily understood by a wider audience. The goal of an abstract is to provide a concise summary of the research study, so using clear and simple language is essential.2.4 遵循结构化写作模式【医学英文论文摘要的写作方法】When structuring a medical English abstract, it is essential to follow a standardized writing pattern to ensure clarity and cohesiveness. This structured writing model typically includes the following components:2.5 注意语法和拼写问题【医学英文论文摘要的写作方法】When writing a medical English abstract, it is crucial to pay attention to grammar and spelling issues to ensure the accuracy and credibility of the content. Here are some important points to consider:3. 结论3.1 总结【医学英文论文摘要的写作方法】In summarizing the methods for writing a medical English abstract, it is important to emphasize the role of clarity and accuracy in conveying the research findings. By providing a brief overview of the key points and insights of the study, the abstract serves as a valuable tool for readers to quickly understand the essence of the research. Additionally, by avoiding jargon and technical terms, researchers can ensure that their work is accessible to a broader audience, including non-specialists and those from different disciplines.3.2 展望未来研究方向【医学英文论文摘要的写作方法】In the future, further research into the writing methods of medical English abstracts should focus on exploring the impact of different writing styles on reader comprehension and retention. It would be beneficial to conduct studies on the use of visuals, such as diagrams or graphs, in medical abstracts to determine their effectiveness in conveying complex information.3.3 重申重要性【医学英文论文摘要的写作方法】In conclusion, it is essential to emphasize the importance of mastering the writing methods for medical English abstracts. An abstract serves as a crucial tool for researchers and readers to quickly grasp the key points of a study, guiding them in deciding whether to read the full article. By following the guidelines for writing a medical English abstract, researchers can ensure that their work is effectively communicated to a wider audience and potentially contribute to advancing medical knowledge and practice.。
医学论文英文摘要写作注意事宜
医学论文英文摘要写作注意事宜1. 引言1.1 引言的重要性The importance of introduction in a medical research paper cannot be overstated. It serves as the opening statement that introduces the topic of the study, provides background information, and outlines the purpose and objectives of the research. The introduction sets the stage for the rest of the paper by defining the scope of the study, highlighting its significance, and framing the research question. It also helps readers understand the context of the study and motivates them to continue reading.1.2 摘要的目的In addition, the abstract helps researchers and professionals in the medical field to quickly identify relevant studies and determine whether the research is of interest to them. It also allows busy professionals to stay updated on the latest research findings in their field without having to read every full-length article.2. 正文2.1 正文内容必须简明扼要Additionally, remember to include relevant information about the study population, research design, data collection methods, and key results. Provide a brief overview of the significance of your findings and how they contribute to the existing body of knowledge in the field.2.2 提及研究方法与结果When discussing the research methods, it is important to accurately describe how the study was conducted, ensuring clarity and transparency for readers to understand the procedure. This may involve mentioning the experimental design, sample size, data collection tools, and any specific interventions or treatments administered.2.3 避免使用缩写词When writing a medical abstract, it is important to avoid using abbreviations. Abbreviations can be confusing for readers who may not be familiar with them, and can also detract from the clarity and professionalism of the abstract. Instead of using abbreviations, it is recommended to spell out the full term the first time it is mentioned, followed by the abbreviation inparentheses. For example, instead of writing "HIV," it is better to write "human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)."2.4 使用客观语气Avoid using subjective terms such as "remarkable," "impressive," or "outstanding," as these words can introduce bias and lack objectivity. Instead, rely on neutral and descriptive language to communicate the study's key points and outcomes accurately.2.5 注意语法和拼写错误1. Proofread your abstract carefully before submitting it. Look for common grammar mistakes such as subject-verb agreement, sentence structure, and punctuation errors.3. 结论3.1 总结研究成果In conclusion, this study has provided valuable insights into the relationship between X and Y. Our findings support the hypothesis that X is positively correlated with Y, suggesting a potential mechanism for future research in this area. Furthermore, our results indicate that the use of treatment A leads to a significant improvement in patient outcomes compared to treatment B. Overall, the data presented in thisstudy emphasize the importance of considering X in the context of Y when developing treatment strategies for patients. Moving forward, it is essential for researchers to further explore the mechanisms underlying this relationship and to consider the implications of our findings for clinical practice. In summary, this study contributes to the growing body of evidence supporting the role of X in influencing Y and highlights potential avenues for future research in this area.3.2 提出建议和展望The conclusion of the medical paper should include the following regarding suggestions and prospects:In conclusion, based on the findings of our study, we recommend further research in this area to explore thelong-term effects of the treatment on patients. Additionally, it would be beneficial to conduct randomized controlled trials to verify the effectiveness of the intervention. Furthermore, we suggest collaboration with other medical institutions to gather a larger sample size and increase the generalizability of the results. Looking ahead, we anticipate that our research will contribute to the development of new treatment strategies for patients with this condition. Ultimately, our goal is to improve patientoutcomes and quality of life through evidence-based practice in the field of medicine.3.3 重申摘要的主要内容Moving forward, it is recommended that healthcare professionals continue to prioritize preventive care and patient education to enhance overall health outcomes. Additionally, future studies could explore the long-term effects of specific interventions on disease progression. By emphasizing the key findings of the study, such as the impact of lifestyle changes on disease management, researchers can contribute to the advancement of medical knowledge and ultimately improve patient care.。
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• Original articles are the most reliable source
How to find relevant sources of information
• Textbooks are a secondary source • The primary source is the original scientific
Photography K. Bain
Study Skills
• You need to be able to find information in
the scientific literature; you should be using original scientific articles • Not just text books and lecturers‘ handouts or
relevant articles • PubMed gives you are more exhaustive list
Beware!
• Beware of websites for patients (sometimes
they are very good but their quality is variable) • Be cautious with Wikipedia
Study Skills
• These skills are relevant to writing up your 2nd
year practical (and to essay writing in year 4) • Some study skills are crucial for you whole medical career • Independent learning • Critical ability
• Wikipedia often gives high quality information • An article in Nature in 2005 found 162 errors in
Wikipedia and 123 in Encyclopaedia Britannica
(quoted in Wilkinson N, ‗Tis all in pieces, The Author, Spring 2010, p15)
Study Skills
• Science and the Patient starts your
preparation for the BSc course • The BSc is different from the rest of the undergraduate medical course • It is more scientific • It is less clinical • Learning is more self-directed • Science and the Patient introduces you to self-directed learning skills
• The ability to write clear concise and
accurate English is essential for your whole medical career • It is time to start practicing
• So how do you do all this?
Power Point Presentations
• To a lesser extent, you need to be able to
find and assess the validity of information in alternative electronic sources
Study Skills
and assess its validity
• This includes the ability பைடு நூலகம்o find information for yourself
• You need to think for yourself and question
what you are told
Wall of British Library
Study skills and medical writing
Professor B. J. Bain Department of Haematology
Declaration
• The lecturer has no conflict of interest to
declare
Study Skills and Medical Writing
How to find relevant sources of information
• Start with recommended text books and
lecture handouts to make sure you have the necessary basic knowledge • When you have done that, search by topic on PubMed or using a search engine to find further up-to date information • Google, Yahoo etc give you a shortcut to
• Some of your teaching is didactic • Some of it requires you to seek out information
for yourself or generate data by research and synthesize it into your own work • This lecture deals mainly with the latter • It also deals with medical writing • Essays • Practicals • Scientific articles