医学英语写作
医学英语写作练习
9. I entered her office and found she talked with two
guests. 10. There are more books in their library than my school. 11. The old man who had taught at the school for 40 years and was given a medal of honor for his devotion to the cause of education before he retired, 12. This morning the president and a group of students were talking and ten minutes later they left. 13. Going to the library to borrow the novel, no copy was available. 14. A number of spelling mistakes was found in his composition.
Rewrite the following paragraphs, paying
special attention to coordination, subordination, and variety in sentence structure. 1. It is a very small village. It is located at the foot of a mountain. In front of it flows a stream. The stream supplies the village with clean water. There are only about 50 households in it. Altogether there are about 200 people. It used to be a very poor and backward village. But since the beginning of reform in our country, the village has changed a great deal. A small factory has been set up in it. In the factory young men and women of the village make baskets and other things with rattan.
医学英语写作与翻译
第三部分医学英语的写作任务一标题的写作（Title）标题的结构1. 名词+介词Blindness（视觉缺失）after Treatment for Malignant Hypertension 2. 名词+分词Unilateral Neurogenic Pruritus Following Stroke中风后单侧神经性瘙痒3. 名词+不定式Suggestion to Abolish Icterus Index Determination（黄疸指数测定）where Quantitative Bilirubin Assay（胆红素定量）is Available建议能做胆红素定量的化验室不再做黄疸指数测定4. 名词+同位语Gentamicine, a Selelctive Agent for the isolation of Betahemolytic Streptocc ociβ-溶血性链球菌庆大霉素是分离β-溶血性链球菌的选择性药物5. 名词+从句Evidence that the V-sis Gene Product Transforms by Interaction with the Receptor for Platelet-derived Growth Factor血小板源性生长因子.V-sis 基因产物由血小板生成因子受体相互作用而转化的依据6. 动名词短语Preventing Stroke in patients with Atrial Fibrillation心房纤维性颤动心旁纤颤患者中风预防Detecting Acute Myocardial Infarction（急性心肌梗死）byRadio-immunoassay for Creative Kinase（酐激酶）用放射免疫法测定酐激酶诊断急性心肌梗死7. 介词短语On Controlling Rectal Cancer8. 陈述句Dietary Cholesterol is Co-carcinogenic协同致癌因素for Human Colon Cancer9. 疑问句Home or Hospital BirthsIs Treatment of Borderline Hypertension Good or Bad?注意副标题的作用1．数目：Endoluminal Stent-graft 带支架腔内搭桥for Aortic Aneurysms动脉瘤: A report of 6 cases带支架腔内搭桥治疗动脉瘤的六例报告2．重点：Aorto-arteritis 大动脉炎Chest X-ray Appearance and Its Clinical Significance大动脉炎胸部X线表现及临床意义3．方法：Gallstone Ileus（胆结石梗阻）: A Retrospective Study 4．作用：Carcinoembryonic Antigen in Breast-cancer Tissue: A useful prognostic indictor乳腺癌组织中癌胚抗原——一种有用的预后指示5．疑问：Unresolved—Do drinkers have less coronary heart disease? 6．连载顺序：Physical and Chemical Studies of Human Blood Serum: II. A study of miscellaneous Disease conditions人类血清的理论研究：II. 多种病例的研究7．时间：A Collaborative 综合Study of Burn Nursing in China: 1995-1999常见标题句式举例1. 讨论型：Discussion of/ on; An approach to; A probe into; Investigation of; Evaluation of / on汉语中的“初步体会”、“试论”、“浅析”之类的谦辞可以不译。
医学博士英语作文summary医患关系
医学博士英语作文summary医患关系English:The doctor-patient relationship is a crucial aspect of healthcare, with effective communication and trust being key components. Good communication between doctors and patients is essential for successful diagnosis, treatment, and overall patient satisfaction. Patients rely on doctors to provide them with accurate information, listen to their concerns, and involve them in the decision-making process regarding their health. Trust plays a significant role in the doctor-patient relationship, as patients need to have confidence in their doctor's skills, knowledge, and judgment. Building trust often requires doctors to demonstrate empathy, compassion, and respect towards their patients. In return, patients must also be honest, open, and cooperative in their interactions with their healthcare providers. Ultimately, a strong doctor-patient relationship leads to better health outcomes, increased patient compliance, and improved overall healthcare experiences for both parties.中文翻译:医患关系是医疗保健中至关重要的一个方面，有效的沟通和信任是关键组成部分。
实用医学英语写作
Abstract:Medical writing is an essential tool for disseminating research findings, clinical observations, and healthcare advancements. To ensure effective communication, it must adhere to high standards of quality and accuracy. This comprehensive guide delves into the multifaceted aspects of producing high-quality, standardized medical writing in English, addressing key elements such as structure, language, ethics, data presentation, referencing, and manuscript submission. It serves as a practical resource for researchers, clinicians, and students seeking to enhance their medical writing skills and meet international publishing standards.1. IntroductionMedical writing is a specialized form of scientific communication that bridges the gap between research and practice, fostering knowledge exchange among healthcare professionals worldwide. Given its profound implications on patient care and public health, it is crucial that medical writing meets stringent criteria of quality, clarity, and accuracy. This article provides a detailed analysis of the various dimensions that contribute to high-quality, standardized medical writing in English, with a focus on the following key aspects:a) Structure and organizationb) Language and stylec) Ethical considerationsd) Data presentation and interpretatione) Referencing and citationf) Manuscript preparation and submission2. Structure and OrganizationA well-structured medical paper enhances readability, facilitates comprehension, and ensures that information is presented logically and coherently. The standard structure of a biomedical research article typically includes:a) Title: Concise, informative, and indicative of the study's main findings or objectives.b) Abstract: A brief summary encapsulating the research question, methods, results, and conclusions.c) Introduction: Sets the context, outlines the research gap, and states the study aims.d) Methods: Detailed description of study design, participants, interventions, measurements, and statistical analyses.e) Results: Presentation of empirical data, supported by tables, figures, and statistical tests.f) Discussion: Interpretation of results, comparison with existing literature, limitations, and implications for future research or clinical practice.g) Conclusion: Succinct summary of the study's main findings and their significance.h) Acknowledgments: Recognition of funding sources, collaborators, and other contributions.i) Conflict of Interest Statement: Disclosure of any potential conflicts that may influence the research or its interpretation.j) References: List of cited sources formatted according to the target journal's guidelines (e.g., Vancouver, AMA, or APA styles).3. Language and StyleClear, concise, and precise language is vital in medical writing. Adhering to the following guidelines can significantly improve the quality of written communication:a) Use active voice wherever possible, as it often conveys information more directly and clearly than passive voice.b) Avoid jargon, complex sentences, and overly technical terms unless necessary; if used, provide clear definitions or explanations.c) Ensure consistency in terminology throughout the manuscript.d) Employ parallel structures for lists and comparisons to enhance clarity and readability.e) Proofread thoroughly for grammar, spelling, and punctuation errors, and consider using professional editing services if needed.4. Ethical ConsiderationsMedical writing must adhere to strict ethical principles to protect human subjects, maintain scientific integrity, and foster trust in the research community. Key ethical considerations include:a) Informed consent: All human subjects must provide voluntary, informed consent before participating in research, with appropriate documentation and approval from an institutional review board (IRB) or ethics committee.b) Confidentiality and data protection: Researchers must ensure the confidentiality and anonymity of study participants, especially when handling sensitive personal or health-related data.c) Authorship criteria: Adhere to established guidelines (e.g., ICMJE criteria) for assigning authorship, ensuring that all contributors who meet the criteria are included and that authorship order reflects their relative contributions.d) Declaration of interests: Transparently disclose any potential conflicts of interest that could influence the research, its conduct, or the interpretation of results.e) Animal welfare: If animal studies are involved, adherence to ethical guidelines and appropriate institutional approvals must be documented.5. Data Presentation and InterpretationAccurate and transparent data presentation is crucial for readers to evaluate the validity and reliability of research findings. Best practices include:a) Use appropriate statistical methods, and report them in detail to allow for replication.b) Present numerical data in tables and figures, ensuring they areself-explanatory, accurately labeled, and referenced in the text.c) Provide confidence intervals, p-values, and effect sizes where applicable, to convey the magnitude and certainty of observed effects.d) Avoid data manipulation or selective reporting; present all relevant findings, even those that do not support the study hypothesis.e) Interpret results cautiously, considering the study limitations, potential biases, and the broader context of existing literature.6. Referencing and CitationProper citation of sources is fundamental to academic integrity, acknowledges the work of others, and enables readers to trace the evidence underlying claims and arguments. Follow these guidelines:a) Use a recognized citation style consistently throughout the manuscript (e.g., Vancouver, AMA, or APA).b) Cite all sources of information, including direct quotes, paraphrased content, and data or ideas borrowed from other works.c) Verify the accuracy of references by cross-checking with the original source, and ensure complete and correct formatting according to the chosen citation style.d) Regularly update citations using reference management software to avoid outdated links or inaccessible resources.7. Manuscript Preparation and SubmissionThe final stage of high-quality medical writing involves preparing the manuscript for submission to a peer-reviewed journal. Key steps include:a) Target journal selection: Choose a journal that aligns with the study's scope, methodology, and impact, considering factors such as readership, acceptance rate, and open access options.b) Adherence to journal guidelines: Carefully follow the target journal's instructions for authors regarding manuscript structure, word count, formatting, and submission requirements.c) Cover letter: Write a compelling cover letter that highlights themanuscript's novelty, significance, and alignment with the journal's scope, and briefly addresses any potential reviewer concerns.d) Pre-submission checks: Conduct a thorough proofread, ensure all required files are included (e.g., manuscript, figures, tables, and supplementary materials), and verify compliance with the journal's formatting and style guidelines.e) Post-submission: Respond promptly and professionally to reviewer comments, addressing criticisms constructively and providing additional data or revisions as requested.Conclusion:Producing high-quality, standardized medical writing in English necessitates attention to multiple facets, including structure, language, ethics, data presentation, referencing, and manuscript submission. By adhering to these guidelines and best practices, researchers, clinicians, and students can enhance the clarity, accuracy, and impact of their written work, ultimately contributing to the advancement of medical knowledge and improved patient care. This comprehensive guide serves as a valuable resource for those seeking to refine their medical writing skills and meet the rigorous standards expected by the global scientific community.。
医学专业英语匹配题作文
医学专业英语匹配题作文English:During the course of studying medicine, students will be exposed to a wide range of medical terminology in English. It is crucial for medical professionals to have a strong command of medical English, as it is the universal language used in medical research, journals, conferences, and communication between healthcare professionals worldwide. Mastering medical English not only enables doctors and nurses to better understand medical texts and communicate effectively with patients, but also facilitates collaboration and exchange of knowledge with colleagues in the field. Additionally, being proficient in medical English is essential for medical students who wish to pursue further studies abroad or participate in global health initiatives. Therefore, it is essential for medical students to dedicate time and effort to improve their English language skills in order to excel in their careers and make a significant impact in the healthcare industry.Translated content:在学习医学的过程中，学生将接触到各种各样的医学术语英语。
医学英语写作技巧
医学英语写作技巧在当今全球化的医学领域，能够熟练地进行医学英语写作是一项至关重要的技能。
无论是撰写医学研究论文、病例报告，还是与国际同行进行学术交流，准确、清晰、专业的医学英语表达都能为我们的工作和学习带来极大的便利。
下面我将为大家分享一些实用的医学英语写作技巧。
一、词汇积累医学英语有着丰富而专业的词汇体系。
首先，要熟悉常见的医学词根、词缀。
例如，“cardio”表示“心脏”，“neuro”表示“神经”，“itis”表示“炎症”等。
通过掌握这些词根和词缀，可以推测和理解许多生词的含义。
其次，建立自己的医学词汇库。
可以通过阅读医学文献、教材、杂志等，将遇到的重要词汇和短语记录下来，并定期复习。
同时，要注意词汇的准确拼写和用法，尤其是那些容易混淆的词汇，如“effect”和“affect”，“discrete”和“discreet”等。
另外，多使用医学英语词典和在线资源，如 MerriamWebster's Medical Dictionary、Medscape 等，来查询和确认词汇的含义和用法。
二、语法规范医学英语写作要求语法准确无误。
在句子结构上，应尽量保持简洁明了，避免复杂冗长的句式。
主语和谓语要清晰明确，避免出现歧义。
时态的使用要根据具体情况而定。
在描述研究方法和结果时，通常使用过去时；在讨论结论和提出建议时，常用现在时。
例如：“We conducted the experiment to investigate the effect of the new drug The results showed that”注意名词的单复数形式，尤其是那些不规则变化的名词，如“child children”“mouse mice”等。
同时，要正确使用冠词，特别是在医学术语前，如“a dose of medicine”“the treatment of cancer”。
三、句子结构为了使文章更具逻辑性和连贯性，要合理安排句子的结构。
医学英语三级作文
医学英语三级作文Title: The Importance of InterdisciplinaryCollaboration in Modern Medicine。
In the realm of modern healthcare, interdisciplinary collaboration stands as a cornerstone for achieving optimal patient outcomes and advancing medical research. Thesynergy between different specialties fosters a holistic approach to patient care, leading to enhanced diagnosis, treatment, and overall well-being. This essay explores the significance of interdisciplinary collaboration in medicine, emphasizing its profound impact on patient care and medical advancements.Firstly, interdisciplinary collaboration facilitates comprehensive patient care by harnessing the expertise of various healthcare professionals. In a multidisciplinary team, physicians, nurses, pharmacists, therapists, andother specialists converge to address complex medical cases from diverse perspectives. For instance, in the treatmentof chronic diseases like diabetes, a collaborative team can provide personalized care plans encompassing medical management, dietary guidance, exercise regimens, and psychological support. Such comprehensive approaches not only improve patient outcomes but also empower individuals to actively participate in their healthcare journey.Moreover, interdisciplinary collaboration promotes innovation and knowledge exchange across different fields of medicine. By bringing together experts with distinct backgrounds and areas of expertise, interdisciplinary teams spark creativity and foster novel approaches to medical challenges. For example, the fusion of technology and healthcare has revolutionized diagnostics and treatment modalities, leading to the development of cutting-edge medical devices, telemedicine platforms, and precision medicine strategies. Through collaborative efforts, clinicians and researchers can leverage emerging technologies and scientific discoveries to push the boundaries of medical practice and improve patient care.Furthermore, interdisciplinary collaboration plays apivotal role in medical education and professional development. Interactions among healthcare professionals from diverse backgrounds enrich learning experiences and broaden perspectives. For instance, medical students participating in interdisciplinary rounds gain insightsinto the complexities of patient care by observing how different specialties contribute to treatment plans and decision-making processes. Likewise, ongoing interdisciplinary conferences, workshops, and research collaborations provide opportunities for continuous learning and skill enhancement among healthcare professionals. By fostering a culture of collaboration and lifelong learning, interdisciplinary approaches nurture well-rounded healthcare providers capable of delivering high-quality, patient-centered care.Additionally, interdisciplinary collaboration enhances healthcare system efficiency and resource utilization. Through coordinated efforts and shared decision-making, interdisciplinary teams streamline patient care pathways, reduce redundant procedures, and minimize healthcare costs. For instance, collaborative care models such as accountablecare organizations (ACOs) and patient-centered medical homes (PCMHs) emphasize care coordination and preventive services, leading to improved health outcomes and cost savings. By optimizing resource allocation and promoting efficient workflows, interdisciplinary collaboration contributes to the sustainability of healthcare systems amidst growing demands and resource constraints.In conclusion, interdisciplinary collaboration stands as a cornerstone of modern medicine, facilitating comprehensive patient care, driving innovation, and fostering professional development. By harnessing the collective expertise of diverse healthcare professionals, interdisciplinary teams can address complex medical challenges, advance medical knowledge, and improve patient outcomes. As we navigate the complexities of modern healthcare, fostering a culture of collaboration and teamwork will be essential for achieving our shared goal of promoting health and well-being for all.。
医学英语三级作文模板
医学英语三级作文模板在准备医学英语三级作文时，一个常用的模板可以包括以下几个部分：Introduction（介绍）:Introduce the topic briefly.Provide some background information.State the purpose of the essay.For example:Medical English plays a crucial role in the field of healthcare, enabling effective communication among healthcare professionals and ensuring quality patient care. In this essay, we will explore the importance of medical English proficiency and its impact on healthcare delivery.Body Paragraphs（主体段落）:Present arguments or discuss points related to the topic.Provide examples or evidence to support each point.Use clear and concise language.For example:1. Importance of Medical English Proficiency: Medical English proficiency is essential for healthcare professionals as it facilitates accurate communication with colleagues and patients. For instance, during medical consultations, physicians need to effectively convey diagnosis, treatment options, and instructions to patients, which requires fluency in medical terminology and clear communication skills.2. Impact on Patient Care: A lack of proficiency in medical English can lead to miscommunication and errors inpatient care. For example, misunderstandings regarding medication dosage or treatment instructions may occur, potentially jeopardizing patient safety. Furthermore, medical professionals must be able to understand and accurately interpret medical records, research findings, and guidelines written in English to provide optimal care to their patients.3. Professional Development: Proficiency in medical English is crucial for professional development and advancement in the healthcare field. Many medical journals, conferences, and research papers are published in English, and healthcare professionals need to be able to comprehend and contribute to these resources. Additionally,proficiency in English may open up opportunities for international collaborations, research partnerships, and career advancement.Conclusion（结论）:Summarize the main points discussed in the essay.Restate the importance of the topic.Provide a final thought or recommendation.For example:In conclusion, medical English proficiency is vital for healthcare professionals to ensure effective communication, provide quality patient care, and advance in their careers. It is essential for healthcare organizations to prioritize English language training programs and resources to support the professional development of their staff. By enhancing medical English proficiency, healthcare professionals can contribute to improving healthcare delivery and patient outcomes on a global scale.注意，以上是一个简单的模板，你可以根据具体的题目要求和论点来调整和扩展每个部分的内容。
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5．结论的写法
• • • • • 根据研究结果和讨论所作出的论断 主要指出： 解决了什么问题， 总结发现的规律， 对前人的研究或见解作了那些修证、补 充、发展、证实或否定
6.致谢
• 1）对文章有贡献但不属著者权，比如部 门领导一般支持； • 2）研究进行过技术协助 • 3）经济支助和材料支持，等等 • 4）对论文有思想贡献者： “科学顾问”， “研究计划的重大评论者”，“数据采 集或“临床试验参与者”等。（须经同 意）
实验型学术论文
• 强调记实性、确证性与创新性。
按学科专业性质不同可分为： 按学科专业性质不同可分为
• • • • 基础医学研究论文 预防医学研究论文 临床医学研究论文 医学管理论文（结构灵活，没有统一格 式）
按论文的体裁不同可分为： 按论文的体裁不同可分为
• • • • • 研究论文 调查报告 经验总结 病例分析 疗效观察等
也可以不要图表。 • 如：
文字及标点符号
英文写作时,单位和计量之间要空格，句 号、逗号后面永远空一格。百分比和数 字之间不空格（如in 50%，而不是in 50 %）等
（4）关于计量单位 计量单位问题。 计量单位
• 国际单位制（即SI单位制） 1960 年国际计量大会制定
法定计量单位
• 《中华人民共和国计量法》 • 《关于在我国统一实行法定计量单位的命令》 • 强制性国家标准CB3100～3102-93《量和单位》
7. 参考文献
• 参考文献的编 写：号码法、著者法 • （1）精选 • 只列出著者亲自阅读的，直接引用的， 具有新颖性、真实性、代表性的文献。 • 只列出公开发表的文献。公开发表是指 在国内外公开发行的报刊或书籍上发表。
（2）著录准确
• 参考的标准 • （A）“生物医学期刊投稿的统一要求” （温哥华格式） • （B）我国国家标准“文后参考文献著录 规则（GB7714-87） • （C) 按所投稿期刊要求的格式处理 • 例：p213 (p204)
第一节 医学学术论文的写作
• • • • • 医学学术论文的种类 按研究性质不同可分为： 按研究性质不同可分为 理论型研究论文 观测型研究论文 实验型研究论文
理论型学术论文
• 涉及实验，重在分析和论证问题。主要 通过逻辑推理和假说来完成。
观测型学术论文
• 不强调理论性，突出科学性、学术性和 创造性。
温哥华格式的 参考文献电子著录要求
• Morse SS. Factors in the emergence of infectious diseases. Emerg Infect Dis [serial online] 1995 Jan-Mar [cited 1996 Jun 5];1(1):[24 screens]. Available from: URL: /ncidod/EID/eid.htm
附录
• 插图和表格
（一）前置部分 1.题名(标题、题目或篇名)
• 反映研究的对象、手段、方法与 达到的程度 • 简明扼要、确切醒目 • 中文标题一般为20个字 • 外文题名<=12字，用短语，不用 句子
研 究 器 官 对象
疗效显示 所用方法
治疗应 用药物
研究方法 类型
• 例1 • 冠脉内多普勒血流储备与核素心肌显像 潘生丁试验的对比研究（临床研究文献） • 例2 • 经腹腔镜腰椎前路融合的体会 • 编审意见： • 腹腔镜下腰椎前融合术体会
4.讨论
全文的精华
• 根据研究结果， • 结合基础理论和前人成果， • 应用国际国内最新的学说、理论、见解 对该课题进行分析、作出解释， • 对将来研究有启示 • 对实验结果受影响的因素进行分析， • 对意外发现作出解释、建议和设想
讨论
• 观测型论文：讨论部分以概括、归纳为 主 • 实验型论文：讨论部分要体现创造性发 现与独到见解 • 理论型论文：讨论部分要充分表达学术 思想和创造性观点
医学写作
医学写作的主要任务有
• 对医学某一学科、领域创新性发现进行 科学论述 • 对某些实验性或观测性的新知识进行科 学记录 • 对某些原理在实际应用中的新进展、新 成果进行科学总结
医学文献的体裁：
• • • • • •
种类繁多 结构复杂
常用有： 学术论文 SCIENTIFIC PAPER 学位论文DISSERTATION 医学综述MEDICAL REVIEW 病例系列分析CASE-SERIES ANALYSIS 科学社论 SCIENTIFIC EDITORIALS等
5． 分类号
• 可查阅我国医学高等院校图书馆使用的 “中国图书馆图书分类法”（中图法） • 例：一篇有关急性白血病的论文，可先 查医学“R”类， • 继而浏览 • R733 造血器及淋巴系肿瘤， • R733.7白血病 • R733.71 急性白血病。
（二）主体部分
• 1．前言 • 内容包括：
• • • • 研究的目的概述， 研究或观察的基本原理， 密切相关的参考信息（不要写成小综述） （不包括在正文中报道的数据或结论 ）
结构式摘要：
• 目的 说明研究要解决的问题，突出论文的主 题内容 • 对象和方法 说明研究所采用的方法、途径、对 象、仪器等，新的方法须详细描写 • 结果 介绍所发现的事实、获得的数据、资料， 发明的新技术、新方法、取得的新成果 • 结论 对结果分析的基础上所得出的观点或看法， 提出尚待解决、或有争议的问题 • 例：观测型论文
注意：
• （1） 突出自己的创新点，要有自己见解，不 要大量引用他人资料 • （2） 分析紧扣主题，不要离题发挥 • （3） 论证采用已有科学根据的数据，不要以 假设证明假设 • （4） 评价实事求是，认同相关的研究 不重复 在前言或结果部分中的详细数据或其他 材料 • （5）避免不成熟的论断，暗示要求首创权。 理由充分时，可以提出新的假设，但须恰如其 分
3．结果
• （1） 针对研究的问题，逐一列出
结果 • （2）选择代表性数据，进行必要的 统计学方法处理 • （3）画出表格和图，要求规范化 • 如：
• 文字左边对齐 ，数字以小数点为基准对 齐 • 凡能用文字说明的问题，尽量不用图表。 不要同时用表和图重复同一数据 • 表中已有的数据不要再在正文中重复叙 述。没有必要，可以不要图表，结论不多，
• 规范性 • 要求写法格式规范、叙述严谨、 逻辑清晰、文理通顺、描述准确、 简明。
二．学术论文的一般格式
• ①国际——温哥华格式 • ②国内——国家标准 • ③遵循所要投稿的期刊对于论文 的格式要求
• （生物医学期刊投稿统一要求）1978年1月草 案, 1997年，第五版。 • [Uniform Requirements for Manuscripts Submitted to Biomedical Journals January 1997 Medical Education 1999; 33(1):66-78] • 1987年公布《科学技术报告、学位论文和学术 论文的编写格式》 （GB7713-87）文件 • 期刊每年的第一期，刊出该刊论文及参考文献 的格式要求。
4．关键词
• 关键词 列出3-8个参考MeSH词表、（中 国生物医学文献数据库电子词表）。 • 有些较新的概念、尚未有Mesh词与其匹 配的关键词可采用当前使用的语言。 • 示例：蜂毒对豚鼠乳头肌的作用 • 著者列出关键词：蜂毒； 乳头肌；收缩； 动作电位；不应期 • 编辑部修改后关键词：蜂毒；乳头肌； 心肌收缩；不应期，神经性
（3）刊名和人名的缩写和音译 刊名缩写的国际标准ISO 4规则的要点 虚词删去 单个词刊名不缩写。例如：Radioistopes； Pharmacology • 单音节或5个或少于5 个字母组成的词不 能缩写。例如：eye，heart，food等 • ISO 833中指明不缩写的词，如Cancer • • • •
2. 著者署名 包括著者的姓名、 单位(科室）及邮政编码
• 根据温哥华的要求，著者应该对论文有 以下方面的实质贡献： • 1） 课题的构思与设计，资料的分析、数 据采集与解释； • 2） 文章起草或对重要内容作重大修正； • 3） 最终完成发表的版本。 • 1），2），3）条必须全部具备方能列为 著者
电子期刊网上公布投稿须知
• 如British Medical Journal (house style), JAMA, 我国的《中华内科杂志》等 • 英文写法： • Instruction for Authors, • Guide to Contributors, • Guide for Authors of papers, • Advice to contributors等
• （3） 实验方法 表述要精确，包括观察 和记录方法的指标，涉及计量和单位的 问题，要根据国家最新法定计量和单位 的标准进行表达。 • （4） 实验程序、操作要点 包括获得结 果的过程 • （5） 统计方法 • 详细，易理解，并能依据原始数据证实 报告的结果
பைடு நூலகம்
• 临床疗效观察或临床病例分析论文 • 可用“对象和方法” • 涉及新的内容时，应详细而便于同行重 复、借鉴。 • 常规方法或重复前人的方法则可略或注 明文献出处即可
• 文字精练，篇幅不宜过长，一般200字左 右。文中使用的语言要统一
2．材料和方法
• 实验研究论文 • （1）仪器设备 应说明所用仪器的型号，制造 的国别和厂家等详细的参数等。 • （2） 试剂药品 如材料的来源、制备、选择标 准，包括普通名、剂量、服用规则等。尽量避 免用商标名。 • （3）实验对象 （病人或实验动物，包括对照 组）。指明年龄、性别、和其他对象的重要特 征等
医学学术论文的格式一般分为 三个部分： • 前置部分 • 主体部分 • 附录部分
前置部分
• • • • • • 题名 (TITLE） 著者 （AUTHORSHIP） 中英文摘要（CHINESE & ENGLISH ABSTRACTS） 关键词 （KEYWORDS） 中国图书馆分类法分类号（CHINESE LIBRARY CLASSIFICATION ）