化学化工相关词汇整理
化工专业英语词汇

化工专业英语词汇Polymerization [ˌpɔliməraiˌzeiʃən] 聚合Compounding [ˌkɔmpaundiŋ]改性reactant 反应物[riˌæktənt]recycle [riˌsaɪkəl] 循环回收crystallizetion [ˌkrɪstəlaɪˌzeɪʃn] 结晶drying [ˌdraiiŋ]干燥catalyst [ˌkætlɪst] 催化剂,separation [ˌsepəˌreɪʃən] 分离heat exchange [hi:t iksˌtʃeindʒ] 热交换temperature [ˌtempəritʃə] 温度pressure [ˌpreʃə] 压力content gauge [ˌkɔntent ɡeidʒ] 液面[位]计reactive distillation 反应精馏capital expenditure 基建投资setup 装置capital outlay 费用,成本,基建投资yield 产率,收率reaction byproduct 反应副产物equilibrium constant 平衡常数waste 废物feedstock [ˌfi:dstɔk] 进料,原料product 产物,产品percent conversion百分比转化率ether 乙醚gasoline汽油oxygenate content 氧含量catalyst 催化剂reactant 反应物inert 惰性物,不参加反应的物质reactive distillation 反应精馏energy saving 节约能量energy efficiency 能量效率heat-sensitive material 热敏性物质pharmaceutical 制药foodstuff 食品gas diffusivity气体扩散性,气体扩散系数gas adsorption 吸收;absorption:吸附specialty chemical特殊化学品,特种化学品batch间歇的;continuous:连续的micro-reactor 微型反应器hydrogen and methane oxidation 氢气和甲烷氧化反应ethylene epoxidation 乙烯环氧化反应phosgene synthesis 光气合成. commercial proportions 商业规模replication 复制sensor 传感器,探头separation of solids 固体分离suspension 悬浮液porous medium 多孔介质filtration 过滤medium 介质filter 过滤器trap 收集,捕集Buchner funnel 布氏漏斗Vacuum 真空conical funnel 锥形漏斗filter paper 滤纸area 面积filter cake 滤饼factor 因数,因子,系数,比例viscosity 黏度density 密度corrosive property 腐蚀性particle size 颗粒尺寸shape 形状size distribution 粒度分布packing characteristics填充性质concentration 浓度filtrate 滤液feed liquor 进料液pretreatment 预处理latent heat 潜热resistance 阻力surface layer 表面层filtering medium 过滤介质drop in pressure 压降filtering surface 过滤表面filter cake 滤饼cake filtration 饼层过滤deep bed filtration 深层过滤depth 深度law 定律net flow 净流量conduction 传导convection 对流radiation 辐射temperature gradient 温度梯度metallic solid 金属固体thermal conduction 热传导motion of unbound electrons 自由电子的运动electrical conductivity 导电性thermal conductivity 导热性poor conductor of electricity 不良导电体transport of momentum 动量传递the random motion of molecules 分子无规则运动brick wall 墙壁furnace 火炉,燃烧器metal wall of a tube 金属管壁macroscopic particle 宏观的粒子control volume 控制体enthalpy 焓macroscopic phenomenon 宏观现象forces of friction 摩擦力fluid mechanics 流体力学flux(通量,流通量)of enthalpy 焓通量eddy 尾流,涡流turbulent flow 湍流natural and forced convection 自然对流和强制对流buoyancy force 浮力temperature gradient 温度梯度electromagnetic wave 电磁波fused quartz 熔化的石英reflect 反射,inflection:折射matte无光泽的,无光的temperature level 温度高低inter-phase mass transfer界相际间质量传递rate of diffusion扩散速率acetone 丙酮dissolve 溶解ammonia 氨ammonia-air mixture 氨气-水混合物physical process 物理过程oxides of nitrogen 氮氧化物nitric acid 硝酸carbon dioxide 二氧化碳sodium hydroxide 氢氧化钠actualrate of absorption 实际吸收速率two-film theory 双膜理论concentration difference 浓度差in the vicinity of 在…附近,靠近..,大约…,在…左右molecular diffusion 分子扩散laminar sub-layer 层流底层resistance 阻力,阻止boundary layer 边界层Fick’s Law费克定律is proportional to 与…成比例concentration gradient 浓度梯度plate tower 板式塔installation 装置feed 进料bottom 底部,塔底solvent 溶剂top 顶部,塔顶partial vaporization 部分汽化boiling point 沸点equimolecular counter-diffusion 等分子反向扩散ideal system 理想系统ratio of A to B A与B的比值with the result that:由于的缘故,鉴于的结果tray 塔板packed tower 填料塔bubble-cap tower 泡罩塔spray chamber 喷淋室maintenance expense 维修费foundation 基础tower shell 塔体packing material 填料pump 泵blower 风机accessory heater 附属加热器cooler 冷却器heat exchanger 换热器solvent-recovery system 溶剂回收系统operating cost 操作费用power 动力circulating gas 循环气labor 劳动力steam蒸汽regenerate再生cooling water 冷却水solvent make-up 补充溶剂optimum 最优的unabsorbed component未吸收组分purity纯度volatility挥发性vapor pressure蒸汽压liquid mixture 液体混合物condense凝缩,冷凝binary distillation双组分精馏multi-component distillation多组分精馏stage-type distillation column级板式精馏塔mount 安装,固定conduit导流管),downcomer 降液管gravity重力weir溢流堰vapor-liquid contacting device汽液接触装置valve tray浮阀塔板reboiler再沸器vaporization汽化condensate冷凝液,凝缩液overhead vapor塔顶汽体condenser冷凝器ifeed tray进料板base塔底,基础bottoms product塔底产品condensation冷凝stripping section汽提段,提馏段distillate section精馏段total condense全凝器distillate product塔顶馏出产品reflux回流thermodynamic equilibrium 热力学平衡solution溶液fractional crystallization分步结晶solubility,溶解度,溶解性soluble可溶解的solvent溶剂employ采纳,利用miscible可混合的,可溶的,可搅拌的mechanical separation 机械分离)liquid-liquid extraction 液液萃取aromatic 芳香烃的paraffin石蜡,链烷烃lubricating oil润滑油decompose分解,离解,还原,腐烂penicillin青霉素streptomycin(链霉素)precipitation沉淀,沉析ethyl alcohol乙醇)extract萃取液heat requirement热负荷solute溶质extract phase萃取相baffle-plate折流挡板,缓冲挡板settling tank沉降槽centrifuge离心.离心机,离心分离emulsifying agent乳化剂density difference密度差raffinate萃余液extract 萃取液drying of Solids 固体干燥process material过程物料(相对最终产品而言的)organic有机的,有机物的benzene苯humidity湿度moisture content湿含量drying rate干燥速率critical moisture content临界湿湿含量falling-rate降速concave (凸的,凸面)or convex(凹的,凹面)approximate to:接近,趋近straight line:直线constant-rate drying period恒速干燥阶段convection drying对流干燥drying gas干燥气体falling-rate period降速干燥阶段mean value平均值vacuum drying真空干燥discolor变色,脱色sublime升华freeze drying冷冻干燥adiabatic绝热的,不传热的pressure gradientperpendicular to:与----垂直counter-current逆流per unit area单位面积water-cooling tower水冷塔sensible heat(sensible heat:显热)water droplet水珠,水滴quantitative relation定量关系thermal diffusion热扩散at right angles to 与…成直角,与…垂直by virtue of 由于,根据,凭借于molecular transfer分子传递balance 抵消,平衡drag forces曳力a function of …的函数of the same order具有同一数量级eddy diffusion涡流扩散is almost inversely proportional to 几乎与…成反比Reynolds number雷诺准数fully developed turbulent flow充分发展湍流coefficient系数In principle从原理而言exothermic(放热的,endothermic吸热的,adiabatic绝热的)triple bond三健,三价nitrogen oxides氮氧化物compound化合物conversion转化,转化率protein蛋白质compress压缩reaction yield反应产率reaction speed反应速度one-pass(单程)reactorenergy input能量输入maximum最大的near toequilibrium接近平衡output产出,输出,产量fertilizer化肥urea尿素ammonium nitrate硝酸铵ammonium phosphate磷酸铵ammonium sulfate硫酸铵diammonium hydrogen phosphate磷酸二氢铵ash纯碱pyridine砒啶polymers聚合物nylon尼龙acrylics丙烯酸树脂via经,由,通过,借助于hydrogen cyanide氰化氢nitric acid硝酸bulk explosive集装炸药crude oil原油natural gas天然气bitumen沥青fossil fuel化石燃料seepage渗出物asphalt沥青oil drilling采油gasoline汽油paint涂料plastic塑料synthetic rubber合成橡胶fiber纤维soap肥皂cleansing agent清洗剂wax石蜡explosive炸药oil shale油页岩deposit沉积物aquatic plant 水生植物sedimentary rock沉积岩sandstone砂岩siltstone泥岩tar sand沥青石chain-shaped链状的methane甲烷paraffin石蜡,烷烃ring-shaped(环状的)hydrocarbonnaphthene环烷烃naphtha石脑油tarry柏油的,焦油的,焦油状的asphaltene沥青油impurity杂质pollutant 污染物combustion燃烧capillarity毛细现象,毛细管力viscous resistance粘性阻力barrel桶(国际原油计量单位)tanker油轮kerosene煤油heavy gas oil重瓦斯油reforming重整cracking裂化octane number of gasoline汽油辛烷值branched-chain(带支链的)materials science材料科学mechanical, thermal, chemical, electric, magnetic, and opticalbehavior.(机械性能、热学性能、化学性能、电学性能、磁性能、光学性能)Amalgam 汞齐,水银;混合物,交叉solid state physics固体物理学metallurgy 冶金学,冶金术magnet 磁铁,有吸引力的人或物insulation 绝缘catalytic cracking 催化裂化structural steels 结构钢computer microchip 计算机芯片Aerospace 航空Telecommunication 电信information processing 信息处理nuclear power 核能energy conversion 能量转化internal structure 内部结构defect structure 结构缺陷crystal flaw 晶体瑕疵vacant atomic site 原子空位dislocation 错位precipitate 沉淀物semiconductor 半导体mechanical disturbance 机械扰动ductility 延展性brittleness 脆性spinning electrons 旋转电子amorphous 非定型的,非晶型的,非结晶的,玻璃状的;无一定目的的,乱七八糟chemical process safety 化工过程安全exotic chemistry 奇异化学hydrodynamic model水力学模型two-phase flow两相流dispersion model分散模型toxic有毒的release释放,排放probability of failure失效概率accident prevention事故预防hard hat 安全帽safety shoe防护鞋rules and regulations 规章制度loss prevention损失预防hazard identification 危害辩识,technical evaluation技术评估safety management support安全管理基础知识safety experience安全经验technical competence技术能力safety knowledge安全知识design engineer设计师cost engineer造价师process engineering过程工程plant layout工厂布局general service facilities公用工程plant location工厂选址close teamwork紧密的团队协作specialized group专业组storage仓库waste disposal废物处理terminology术语,词汇accountant会计师,会计,出纳final-proposal决议tangible return有形回报Empirical model 经验模型process control(过程控制)first-principles基本原理,基本规则regression model回归模型.operating condition操作条件nonlinear-equation-solving technique非线性方程求解技术process-simulation software packages过程模拟软件包least-squares-regression最小二乘法statistical technique 统计技术intensity强度,程度phenomenological model 现象模型model identification模式识别neural network神经网络a priori:先验的,既定的,不根据经验的,由原因推出结果的,演绎的,直觉的process data historian:过程数据历史编撰师qualitative定性的quantitative precision定量的精确high-fidelity高保真的computationally intensive计算量大的mathematical expressionsteady-state model稳态模型bioengineering生物工程artificial人工的hearing aid助听器artificial limb假肢supportive or substitute organ辅助或替代器官biosynthesis生物合成life scientist生命科学家agricultural engineer农艺师fermentation发酵civil engineer土木工程师sanitation卫生physiologists生理学criteria 指标human medicine人体医学medical electronics医疗电子medical instrumentation医疗器械blood-flow dynamics血液流动动力学prosthetics假肢器官学biomechanics生物力学surgeon外科医生replacement organ器官移植physiologist生理学家counterpart对应物,配对物psychology心理学self-taught自学barrier障碍物medical engineering医学工程,医疗工程health care保健diagnostic application of computers计算机诊断agricultural engineering农业工程biological production生物制品生产bionics(仿生学)human-factors engineering人类与环境工程environmental health engineering环境健康工程environmentally benign processing环境友好加工commodity or specialty通用商品或特殊化学品styrene苯乙烯ibuprofen异丁苯丙酸the Chemical Manufacturers Association化工生产协会as a whole整体而言emission释放物,排放物voluntary自愿的,无偿的,义务的;有意的,随意的;民办的in the absence of无---存在deactivate失活bulk chemical 大宗化工产品Fine chemical 精细化工Pharmaceutical制药segment段,片,区间,部门,部分;弓形,圆缺;分割,切断tonnage吨位,吨数,吨产量inorganic salt无机盐hydroquinone 对苯二酚demonstrate论证,证明,证实;说明,表明,显示forefront最前线,最前沿Lewis acid不可再生的路易斯酸anhydrous无水的phaseout消除HF alkylation氰氟酸烷基化catalytic oxidation催化氧化governmental regulation政府规定pharmaceutical intermediate药物中间体stereoselective立体选择性的ketone酮functional group官能团detrimental有害的chlorofluorocarbon二氯二氟化碳,氟里昂carbon tetrachloride四氯化碳straightforward简单明了的coordinating ligand配合体,向心配合体kilogram千克thermal stability热稳定性devastate破坏,蹂躏outline描绘,勾勒membrane technology膜技术production line生产线dairy牛奶water purification水净化lifetime寿命membrane module膜组件durability 耐久性,寿命,使用期限,强度chemical additive添加剂end-of-pipe solution 最终方案closed system封闭系统substitute取代,替代technical challenge技术挑战,技术困难wastewater treatment污水处理fouling污垢,发泡surface treatment表面处理applied Chemistry应用化学nomenclature of chemical compound化学化合物的命名法descriptive 描述性的prefix前缀alkane烷烃family族carbon skeleton碳骨架chain链Latin or Greek stem 拉丁或者希腊词根suffix后缀constitute取代物,取代基homologous series同系物branched chain支链烷烃parent母链,主链derivative衍生物substituent取代基locant位次,位标replicating prefix重复前缀词Gas and Liquid Chromatography气相色谱与液相色谱analytical chemistry分析化学moving gas stream移动的气流heats of solution and vaporization溶解热和汽化热activity coefficient活度系数counteract抵消milliliter毫升essential oil香精油test mixture测试混合物sample样品helium氦argon氩carrier载体injection注射stationary nonvolatile phase静止的不挥发相detector检测器fraction collector馏分收集器columnar liquid chromatography柱状液相色谱仪retention volume保留体积retention times保留时间high-performance高性能mobile phase移动相high-efficiency高效的analyte分析物plane chromatography薄层色谱capillary action毛细管作用assay分析化验fluorescence 荧光色,荧光retardation factor保留因子,延迟因子。
化学化工常用词汇

Atoms,Elemen ts and Ionsatom 原子elemen t 元素ion 离子anion阴离子cation阳离子electr on 电子neutra l 中性的proton质子atomic nucleu s 原子核nucleo n 核子nuclid e symbol核素符号nuclid e 核素isotop e 同位素alphapartic le 粒子alpharay 射线beta partic le 粒子anode阳级,正极cathod e 阴极atomic mass unit 原子质量单位elemen t symbol元素符号atomic number原子序数atomic weight原子量mass number质量数atomic theory原子理论browni an motion布朗运动cathod e ray 阴极射线chemic al change化学变化,化学反应compou nd 化合物deuter ium 氘electr ic charge电荷heavywater重水isotop ic abunda nce 同位素的丰度natura l abunda nce 自然丰度isotop ic mass 同位素质量law of conser vatio n of mass 物质守恒定律,物质不灭定律law of defini te propor tions确定化定律law of multip le propor tions整比定律mass spectr omete r 质谱仪mass spectr ometr y 质谱学,质谱测量,质谱分析mass spectr um 质谱(复数形式:mass spectr a)nuclea r bindin g energy核能量radioa ctivi ty 放射能X–ray spectr um X射线光谱(复数形式:X-ray spectr a)•Electr ons in Atomsabsorp tionspectr um 吸收光谱,吸收频谱emissi on spectr um 发射光谱angula r moment um quantu m number角量子数atomic orbita l 原子轨道band spectr um 谱带,带(状)光谱line spectr um 线(状)光谱,线(状)谱,(光)谱线contin uousspectr um 连续光谱basisfuncti on 基函数basisset 基组bohr atom 波尔原子core electr on 内核电子degene rate等价的,简并的diamag netis m 反磁性,逆磁性,反磁性学parama gneti sm 顺磁性effect ive nuclea r charge有效电荷数electr on config urati on 电子排布excite d state激发态ground state基态f orbita l f 轨道H und’srule洪特规则isoele ctron ic 等电子的magnet ic quantu m number磁量子数noblegas core 惰性电子层orbita l 轨道Pauli princi ple 泡利原理penetr ation穿透(效应)shield ing 屏蔽(效应)princi pal quantu m number主量子数shell电子层subshe ll 亚层spectr ophot ometr y 分光光度测定法,分光光度学spectr oscop y 光谱学,波普学,分光镜使用spin 自旋转,旋转spin pair 自旋配对unpair ed spin 未配对(电子)•Gase s,Liquid s and SolidsGasesatmosp here大气,空气,气氛Avogadro’slaw阿伏伽德罗定律bar 巴(压力单位)manome ter 压力计barome ter 气压计torr 托(真空度单位)pressu re 压强,压力Boyle’slaw波义耳定律Charle’slaw查理定律Dalton’slaw道尔顿分压定律diffus ion 扩散,传播,漫射effusi on 逸出diffus ion rate 扩散速率idealgas 理想气体idealgas law consta nt 理想气体常数law of combin ing volume s 盖∙吕萨克定律pascal帕斯卡standa rd molarvolume标准摩尔体积standa rd pressu re 标准压力van der waalsequati on 范德华方程Liquid sadhesi on 黏附cohesi on 结合,凝聚,内聚力boiling poing沸点cqitic al poing临界点cqitic al molar volume 临界摩尔体积cqitic al pressure 临界压力cqitic al temperature临界温度dipole-dipole i ntera ction 偶极效应dynami c equili b rium动力学平衡enthal p y of vapori zation 汽化热(焓)flash point闪点immisci ble不能相溶的miscibl e 易混合的partia l miscibi lity 部分相溶的interm olecul ar force分子间力liquid 液体,流体London force色散力menisc ue 新月面Newtoni an fluid牛顿流体non-Newtoni an fluid非牛顿流体nuclea tion成核现象phase diagram 相图superc ritic al fluid超临界流体subcri t ical fluid亚临界流体superc oolin g 过冷surfac e tensio n 表面张力surfac tant表面活性剂的viscosi ty 粘质, 粘性,粘度wetting 湿润Solidscrysta l line solid晶体amorphous 无定形的,无组织的crysta l晶体freezi ng point凝固点lattic e 点阵,晶格perfec t crysta l 完美晶体van der waalsforce范德华力van der waalsradius 范德华半径Soluti onssoluti o n 溶液ideal soluti on 理想溶液standard soluti on 标准溶液solute溶解物,溶质solvent 溶剂sol 溶胶,胶体溶液solubi lity溶性,可解决性,溶解性solubi lizing group增溶基团Raoult s law 拉乌尔定律aerati o n 充气aerosol气溶胶,气雾剂,烟雾剂colloi d 胶体gel 凝胶体,成冻胶aqueous 水的,水成的emulsi o n 乳状液,乳剂foam 泡沫,水沫azeotr ope 共沸混合物,恒沸物boiling point elevati on 沸点升高colligati ve proper ty 依数性diluti on 稀释,稀释法ebulli ometr y 沸点升高测定法equiva l ent当量,等价物,相等物normal i ty 当量浓度molari ty 摩尔浓度molali ty 质量摩尔浓度eutecti c mixture 共熔物freezi ng point depres sion凝固点下降Henrys Law 亨利定律hydrophilic亲水的,吸水的hydrophobic疏水的,憎水的hypert onic高渗的hypotoni c 低渗的osmoti c pressure 渗透压semipermeabl e membra ne 半透膜sorpti on 吸附作用specifi c gravit y 比重Tyndal l effect 丁铎(达)尔效应,廷德尔效应Vaporpressure loweri n g 蒸汽压降低•Reacti ons in Soluti onbalanc ed equati on 平衡的方程式chemic al equati on 化学方程式combin ation react合成反应combus tion燃烧comple te ionicequati on 完全离子方程式net ionicequati on 净离子方程式molecu lar equati on 分子方程式ionicequati on 离子方程式decomp ositi on 分解反应synthe sis 综合,合成displa cemen t 取代反应doubie diapla cemen t 复分解反应endpoi nt 端点,终点equiva lence point等量点,等当点,等效点insolu ble 不能溶解的limiti ng reacta nt 起限定作用的反应物nonele ctrol yte 非电解质precip itate沉淀物precip itati on 沉淀produc t 产物reacta nt 反应物rearra ngeme nt reacti on 重排反应redoxreacti on 氧化还原反应satura ted soluti on 饱和溶液supers atura ted soluti on 过饱和溶液specta tor ion 表观离子titran t 滴定剂,滴定(用)标准剂titrat ion curve滴定线titrat ion 滴定strong electr olyte强电解质weak electr olyte弱电解质•Base Unitabsolute temperature绝对温度absolute zero 绝对零度ampere 安培angstr om 埃(一亿分之一厘米)Avogadro number 阿伏枷德罗常数celsiu s 摄氏的concentrati on 浓度conver sionfactor 转换因子coulom b 库仑densit y 密度derive d unit 导出单位,衍生单位experimenta l yield实际收率hydrom eter液体比重计,浮称Kelvin 绝对温标,开氏温标mass 质量mass percentage质量百分比浓度measur ement 测量法,度量meter米,仪表molar摩尔的mole 摩尔percent yield百分收率power功率SI [法]Systèm e Intern ation al国际(单位)制signifi cant figure有效数字specifi c gravit y 比重specifi c volume 比容stoichi ometry 化学计算(法),化学计量学theore tical yield理论收率unit 单位volume percentage体积百分比浓度weight 重量。
9-化学及化工专业英语词汇

uniformity coefficient 均匀系数 unimolecular layer 单 unimolecular reaction 单 uninflammability union colorimeter 联 union yarn unit cell 单 unit matrix 单 unit of heat 热 纺纱 格 矩阵 单 计 层 应
ullmann reaction 乌 ultimate analysis ultimate effect 应
应
ultimate vacuum 极度真空 ultra accelerator 进剂 高
ultra high molecular weight polymer ultra red ray drying 红 ultracentrifuge 机 线干
线显
镜 线 过
ultraviolet ray transmitting glass ultraviolet rays 线 线 剂
ultraviolet spectrophotometry ultraviolet stabilizer umber umpire analysis 线稳
unit operation 单
unit process 单 unit time 单
过
时间 矩阵
unitary matrix univalent 价
univariant system 单变系 universal bridge universal constant universal developer universal gas constant universal indicator unpaired electron unsaponifiable matter unsaturated bond 饱 对电 皂 键 饱 饱烃 电桥 数 显 剂 气 剂 数
化工英语词汇大集合

化工英语词汇大集合介绍化学工程领域使用的英语词汇对于从事化工行业的人员来说是非常重要的。
本文将为您提供一个包含各种化工英语词汇的大集合,旨在帮助化工从业人员扩充词汇量,提高工作效率。
基础词汇以下是一些化工领域常用的基础词汇:1.Chemical Engineering - 化学工程2.Reaction - 反应3.Reactor - 反应器4.Catalyst - 催化剂5.Chemical Reaction - 化学反应6.Mass Transfer - 质量传递7.Heat Transfer - 热传递8.Fluid Dynamics - 流体力学9.Separation - 分离10.D istillation - 蒸馏11.E xtraction - 萃取12.F iltration - 过滤13.E vaporation - 蒸发14.C rystallization - 结晶15.A bsorption - 吸收16.A dsorption - 吸附17.M ixing - 混合18.S cale-up - 放大比例19.B atch Process - 批处理20.C ontinuous Process - 连续流程反应器及设备1.Continuous Stirred Tank Reactor (CSTR) - 连续搅拌槽反应器2.Plug Flow Reactor (PFR) - 管流反应器3.Fixed Bed Reactor - 固定床反应器4.Fluidized Bed Reactor - 流化床反应器5.Tubular Reactor - 管式反应器6.Heat Exchanger - 热交换器7.Distillation Column - 蒸馏塔8.Separator - 分离器9.Filter - 过滤器10.E vaporator - 蒸发器11.M ixer - 搅拌器12.P ump - 泵13.C ompressor - 压缩机14.A gitator - 搅拌器15.C ondenser - 冷凝器化学品和物质1.Chemical Compound - 化合物2.Element - 元素3.Atom - 原子4.Molecule - 分子5.Chemical Formula - 化学式6.Reactant - 反应物7.Product - 产物8.Solvent - 溶剂9.Soluble - 可溶解的10.I nsoluble - 不溶解的11.A cid - 酸12.B ase - 碱13.S alt - 盐14.O rganic - 有机的15.I norganic - 无机的16.P olymer - 聚合物17.M onomer - 单体18.C atalyst - 催化剂19.O xidation - 氧化20.R eduction - 还原工艺过程1.Batch Process - 批处理2.Continuous Process - 连续流程3.Polymerization - 聚合4.Cracking - 破解5.Hydration - 水合6.Hydrogenation - 加氢7.Dehydration - 脱水8.Distillation - 蒸馏9.Filtration - 过滤10.E xtraction - 萃取11.E vaporation - 蒸发12.C rystallization - 结晶13.A dsorption - 吸附14.A bsorption - 吸收15.D rying - 干燥16.M ixing - 混合17.R eactor Design - 反应器设计18.P rocess Optimization - 工艺优化19.S afety Analysis - 安全分析20.W aste Treatment - 废物处理实验及测试方法boratory - 实验室2.Experiment - 实验3.Analysis - 分析4.Spectroscopy - 光谱学5.Chromatography - 色谱法6.Mass Spectrometry - 质谱法7.NMR (Nuclear Magnetic Resonance) - 核磁共振8.IR (Infrared) Spectroscopy - 红外光谱9.UV-Vis (Ultraviolet-Visible) Spectroscopy - 紫外可见光谱10.H PLC (High Performance Liquid Chromatography) - 高效液相色谱法11.G C (Gas Chromatography) - 气相色谱法12.T GA (Thermogravimetric Analysis) - 热重分析13.D SC (Differential Scanning Calorimetry) - 差示扫描量热法14.V iscosity - 黏性15.p H - 酸碱度16.D ensity - 密度17.M elting Point - 熔点18.B oiling Point - 沸点19.V apor Pressure - 蒸汽压20.F lash Point - 闪点以上仅为一小部分化工英语词汇,但已能涵盖化学工程领域的基础知识、设备、化学品和实验测试方法。
化工专业英语词汇汇总(可编辑修改word版)

reaction kinetics 反应动力学reactant 反应物purify 精制提纯recycle 循环回收unconverted reactant 未转化的反应物chemical reactor transfer of heat, evaporation, crystallization 结晶drying 干燥screening 筛选,浮选chemicalreaction 化学反应cracking ofpetroleum 石油裂解catalyst 催化剂,reaction zone 反应区conservation of mass and energy 能量与质量守衡定律technical advance 技术进步efficiency improvement 效率提高reaction 反应separation 分离heat exchange 热交换reactive distillation 反应精馏capital expenditure 基建投资setup 装置capital outlay 费用,成本,基建投资yield 产率,收率reaction byproduct 反应副产物equilibrium constant 平衡常数waste 废物feedstock 进料,原料product 产物,产品percent conversion 百分比转化率ether 乙醚gasoline 汽油oxygenate content 氧含量catalyst 催化剂reactant 反应物inert 惰性物,不参加反应的物质reactive distillation 反应精馏energy saving 节约能量energy efficiency 能量效率heat-sensitive material 热敏性物质pharmaceutical 制药foodstuff 食品gas diffusivity 气体扩散性,气体扩散系数gas adsorption 吸收;absorption:吸附specialty chemical 特殊化学品,特种化学品batch 间歇的;continuous:连续的micro-reactor 微型反应器hydrogen and methane oxidation 氢气和甲烷氧化反应ethylene epoxidation 乙烯环氧化反应phosgene synthesis 光气合成. commercial proportions 商业规模replication 复制sensor 传感器,探头separation of solids 固体分离suspension 悬浮液porous medium 多孔介质filtration 过滤medium 介质filter 过滤器trap收集,捕集Buchner funnel 布氏漏斗Vacuum 真空conical funnel 锥形漏斗filter paper 滤纸area 面积filter cake 滤饼factor 因数,因子,系数,比例viscosity 黏度density 密度corrosive property 腐蚀性particle size 颗粒尺寸shape 形状size distribution 粒度分布packing characteristics 填充性质concentration 浓度filtrate 滤液feed liquor 进料液pretreatment 预处理latent heat 潜热resistance 阻力surface layer 表面层filtering medium 过滤介质drop in pressure 压降filtering surface 过滤表面filter cake 滤饼cake filtration 饼层过滤deep bed filtration 深层过滤depth 深度law 定律net flow 净流量conduction 传导convection 对流radiation 辐射temperature gradient 温度梯度metallic solid 金属固体thermal conduction 热传导motion of unbound electrons 自由电子的运动electrical conductivity 导电性thermal conductivity 导热性poor conductor of electricity 不良导电体transport of momentum 动量传递the random motion of molecules 分子无规则运动brick wall 墙壁furnace 火炉,燃烧器metal wall of a tube 金属管壁macroscopic particle 宏观的粒子control volume 控制体enthalpy 焓macroscopic phenomenon 宏观现象forces of friction 摩擦力fluid mechanics 流体力学flux(通量,流通量)of enthalpy 焓通量eddy 尾流,涡流turbulent flow 湍流natural and forced convection 自然对流和强制对流buoyancy force 浮力temperature gradient 温度梯度electromagnetic wave 电磁波fused quartz 熔化的石英reflect反射,inflection:折射matte 无光泽的,无光的temperature level 温度高低inter-phase mass transfer 界相际间质量传递rate of diffusion 扩散速率acetone 丙酮dissolve 溶解ammonia 氨ammonia-air mixture 氨气-水混合物physical process 物理过程oxides of nitrogen 氮氧化物nitric acid 硝酸carbon dioxide 二氧化碳sodium hydroxide 氢氧化钠actualrate of absorption 实际吸收速率two-film theory 双膜理论concentration difference 浓度差in the vicinity of 在…附近,靠近..,大约…,在…左右molecular diffusion 分子扩散laminar sub-layer 层流底层resistance 阻力,阻止boundary layer 边界层Fick’s Law 费克定律is proportional to 与…成比例concentration gradient 浓度梯度plate tower 板式塔installation 装置feed 进料bottom 底部,塔底solvent 溶剂top顶部,塔顶partial vaporization 部分汽化boiling point 沸点equimolecular counter-diffusion 等分子反向扩散ideal system 理想系统ratio of A to B A 与B 的比值with the result that:由于的缘故,鉴于的结果tray 塔板packed tower 填料塔bubble-cap tower 泡罩塔spray chamber 喷淋室maintenance expense 维修费foundation 基础tower shell 塔体packing material 填料pump 泵blower 风机accessory heater 附属加热器cooler 冷却器heat exchanger 换热器solvent-recovery system 溶剂回收系统operating cost 操作费用power 动力circulating gas 循环气labor 劳动力steam 蒸汽regenerate 再生cooling water 冷却水solvent make-up 补充溶剂optimum 最优的unabsorbed component 未吸收组分purity 纯度volatility 挥发性vapor pressure 蒸汽压liquid mixture 液体混合物condense 凝缩,冷凝binary distillation 双组分精馏multi-component distillation 多组分精馏stage-type distillation column 级板式精馏塔mount 安装,固定conduit 导流管),downcomer 降液管gravity 重力weir 溢流堰vapor-liquid contacting device 汽液接触装置valve tray 浮阀塔板reboiler 再沸器vaporization 汽化condensate 冷凝液,凝缩液overhead vapor 塔顶汽体condenser 冷凝器i feed tray 进料板base 塔底,基础bottoms product 塔底产品condensation 冷凝stripping section 汽提段,提馏段distillate section 精馏段total condense 全凝器distillateproduct 塔顶馏出产品reflux 回流thermodynamic equilibrium 热力学平衡solution 溶液fractional crystallization 分步结晶solubility,溶解度,溶解性soluble 可溶解的solvent 溶剂employ 采纳,利用miscible 可混合的,可溶的,可搅拌的mechanical separation 机械分离)liquid-liquid extraction 液液萃取aromatic 芳香烃的paraffin 石蜡,链烷烃lubricating oil 润滑油decompose 分解,离解,还原,腐烂penicillin 青霉素streptomycin(链霉素)precipitation 沉淀,沉析ethyl alcohol 乙醇)extract 萃取液heat requirement 热负荷solute 溶质extract phase 萃取相baffle-plate 折流挡板,缓冲挡板settling tank 沉降槽centrifuge 离心.离心机,离心分离emulsifying agent 乳化剂density difference 密度差raffinate 萃余液extract 萃取液drying of Solids 固体干燥process material 过程物料(相对最终产品而言的)organic 有机的,有机物的benzene 苯humidity 湿度moisture content 湿含量drying rate 干燥速率critical moisture content 临界湿湿含量falling-rate 降速concave (凸的,凸面)or convex(凹的,凹面)approximate to:接近,趋近straight line:直线constant-rate drying period 恒速干燥阶段convection drying 对流干燥drying gas 干燥气体falling-rate period 降速干燥阶段mean value 平均值vacuum drying 真空干燥discolor 变色,脱色sublime 升华freeze drying 冷冻干燥adiabatic 绝热的,不传热的pressure gradientperpendicular to:与 -- 垂直counter-current 逆流per unit area 单位面积water-cooling tower 水冷塔sensible heat(sensible heat:显热)water droplet 水珠,水滴quantitative relation 定量关系thermal diffusion 热扩散at right angles to 与…成直角,与…垂直by virtue of 由于,根据,凭借于molecular transfer 分子传递balance 抵消,平衡drag forces 曳力a function of …的函数of the same order 具有同一数量级eddy diffusion 涡流扩散is almost inversely proportional to 几乎与…成反比Reynolds number 雷诺准数fully developed turbulent flow 充分发展湍流coefficient 系数In principle 从原理而言exothermic(放热的,endothermic 吸热的,adiabatic 绝热的)triple bond 三健,三价nitrogen oxides 氮氧化物compound 化合物conversion 转化,转化率protein 蛋白质compress 压缩reaction yield 反应产率reaction speed 反应速度one-pass(单程)reactor energy input 能量输入maximum 最大的near toequilibrium 接近平衡output 产出,输出,产量fertilizer 化肥urea 尿素ammonium nitrate 硝酸铵ammonium phosphate 磷酸铵ammonium sulfate 硫酸铵diammonium hydrogen phosphate 磷酸二氢铵ash 纯碱pyridine砒啶polymers 聚合物nylon 尼龙acrylics 丙烯酸树脂via 经,由,通过,借助于hydrogen cyanide 氰化氢nitric acid 硝酸bulk explosive 集装炸药crude oil 原油natural gas 天然气bitumen 沥青fossil fuel 化石燃料seepage 渗出物asphalt 沥青oil drilling 采油gasoline 汽油paint 涂料plastic 塑料synthetic rubber 合成橡胶fiber 纤维soap 肥皂cleansing agent 清洗剂wax 石蜡explosive 炸药oil shale 油页岩deposit 沉积物aquatic plant 水生植物sedimentary rock 沉积岩sandstone 砂岩siltstone泥岩tar sand 沥青石chain-shaped 链状的methane 甲烷paraffin 石蜡,烷烃ring-shaped(环状的)hydrocarbon naphthene 环烷烃naphtha 石脑油tarry 柏油的,焦油的,焦油状的asphaltene 沥青油impurity 杂质pollutant 污染物combustion 燃烧capillarity 毛细现象,毛细管力viscous resistance 粘性阻力barrel 桶(国际原油计量单位)tanker 油轮kerosene 煤油heavy gas oil 重瓦斯油reforming 重整cracking 裂化octane number of gasoline 汽油辛烷值branched-chain(带支链的)materials science 材料科学mechanical, thermal, chemical, electric, magnetic, and optical behavior. (机械性能、热学性能、化学性能、电学性能、磁性能、光学性能)Amalgam 汞齐,水银;混合物,交叉solid state physics 固体物理学metallurgy 冶金学,冶金术magnet 磁铁,有吸引力的人或物insulation 绝缘catalytic cracking 催化裂化structural steels 结构钢computer microchip 计算机芯片Aerospace 航空Telecommunication 电信information processing 信息处理nuclear power 核能energy conversion 能量转化internal structure 内部结构defect structure 结构缺陷crystal flaw 晶体瑕疵vacantatomic site 原子空位dislocation 错位precipitate 沉淀物semiconductor 半导体mechanical disturbance 机械扰动ductility 延展性brittleness 脆性spinning electrons 旋转电子amorphous 非定型的,非晶型的,非结晶的,玻璃状的;无一定目的的,乱七八糟chemical process safety 化工过程安全exotic chemistry 奇异化学hydrodynamic model 水力学模型two-phase flow 两相流dispersionmodel 分散模型toxic 有毒的release 释放,排放probabilityof failure 失效概率accidentprevention 事故预防hard hat安全帽safety shoe 防护鞋rules and regulations 规章制度loss prevention 损失预防hazardidentification 危害辩识,technical evaluation 技术评估safety management support 安全管理基础知识safety experience 安全经验technical competence 技术能力safety knowledge 安全知识design engineer 设计师cost engineer 造价师process engineering 过程工程plant layout 工厂布局general service facilities 公用工程plant location 工厂选址close teamwork 紧密的团队协作specialized group 专业组storage仓库waste disposal 废物处理terminology 术语,词汇accountant 会计师,会计,出纳final-proposal 决议tangible return 有形回报Empirical model 经验模型process control(过程控制)first-principles 基本原理,基本规则regression model 回归模型.operating condition 操作条件nonlinear-equation-solving technique 非线性方程求解技术process-simulation software packages 过程模拟软件包least-squares-regression 最小二乘法statistical technique 统计技术intensity 强度,程度phenomenological model 现象模型model identification 模式识别neural network 神经网络a priori:先验的,既定的,不根据经验的,由原因推出结果的,演绎的,直觉的process data historian:过程数据历史编撰师qualitative 定性的quantitative precision 定量的精确high-fidelity 高保真的computationallyintensive 计算量大的mathematical expression steady-state model 稳态模型bioengineering 生物工程artificial 人工的hearing aid 助听器artificial limb 假肢supportive or substitute organ 辅助或替代器官biosynthesis 生物合成life scientist 生命科学家agricultural engineer 农艺师fermentation 发酵civil engineer 土木工程师sanitation 卫生physiologists 生理学criteria 指标human medicine 人体医学medicalelectronics 医疗电子medicalinstrumentation 医疗器械blood-flow dynamics 血液流动动力学prosthetics 假肢器官学biomechanics生物力学surgeon 外科医生replacement organ 器官移植physiologist 生理学家counterpart 对应物,配对物psychology 心理学self-taught 自学barrier 障碍物medical engineering 医学工程,医疗工程health care 保健diagnostic application of computers 计算机诊断agricultural engineering 农业工程biological production 生物制品生产bionics(仿生学)human-factors engineering 人类与环境工程environmental health engineering 环境健康工程environmentally benign processing 环境友好加工commodity or specialty 通用商品或特殊化学品styrene 苯乙烯ibuprofen 异丁苯丙酸the Chemical Manufacturers Association 化工生产协会as a whole 整体而言emission 释放物,排放物voluntary 自愿的,无偿的,义务的;有意的,随意的;民办的in the absence of 无---存在deactivate 失活bulk chemical 大宗化工产品Fine chemical 精细化工Pharmaceutical 制药segment 段,片,区间,部门,部分;弓形,圆缺;分割,切断tonnage 吨位,吨数,吨产量inorganic salt 无机盐hydroquinone 对苯二酚demonstrate 论证,证明,证实;说明,表明,显示forefront 最前线,最前沿Lewisacid 不可再生的路易斯酸anhydrous 无水的phaseout 消除HF alkylation 氰氟酸烷基化catalytic oxidation 催化氧化governmental regulation 政府规定pharmaceutical intermediate 药物中间体stereoselective 立体选择性的ketone 酮functional group 官能团detrimental 有害的chlorofluorocarbon 二氯二氟化碳,氟里昂carbon tetrachloride 四氯化碳straightforward 简单明了的coordinating ligand 配合体,向心配合体kilogram 千克thermal stability 热稳定性devastate 破坏,蹂躏outline描绘,勾勒membranetechnology 膜技术productionline 生产线dairy 牛奶water purification 水净化ifetime 寿命membrane module 膜组件durability 耐久性,寿命,使用期限,强度chemical additive 添加剂end-of-pipe solution 最终方案closed system 封闭系统substitute 取代,替代technical challenge 技术挑战,技术困难wastewater treatment 污水处理fouling 污垢,发泡surface treatment 表面处理applied Chemistry 应用化学nomenclature of chemical compound 化学化合物的命名法descriptive 描述性的refix 前缀alkane 烷烃family 族carbon skeleton 碳骨架chain 链Latin or Greek stem 拉丁或者希腊词根suffix 后缀constitute 取代物,取代基homologous series 同系物branched chain 支链烷烃parent 母链,主链derivative 衍生物substituent 取代基locant 位次,位标replicating prefix 重复前缀词Gas and Liquid Chromatography 气相色谱与液相色谱analytical chemistry 分析化学moving gas stream 移动的气流heats of solution and vaporization 溶解热和汽化热activity coefficient 活度系数counteract 抵消milliliter 毫升essential oil 香精油test mixture 测试混合物sample 样品helium 氦argon 氩carrier 载体injection 注射stationary nonvolatile phase 静止的不挥发相detector 检测器fraction collector 馏分收集器columnar liquid chromatography 柱状液相色谱仪retention volume 保留体积retention times 保留时间high-performance 高性能mobile phase 移动相high-efficiency 高效的analyte 分析物plane chromatography 薄层色谱capillary action 毛细管作用assay 分析化验fluorescence 荧光色,荧光retardation factor 保留因子,延迟因子。
化工专业英语

H2SO3 sulfurous acid
HNO3 nitric acid HNO2 nitrous acid HPO3 metaphosphoric acid 偏磷酸
3. Nomenclature of bases (碱的命名)
元素名称 + hydroxide
NaOH sodium hydroxide KOH potassium hydroxide
H3O+ hydronium ion
1.2. Names of Anions(阴离子的命名)
1.2.1 monatomic anions (单原子阴离子): 以-ide结尾
H- hydride ion (H: hydrogen)
O2 oxide ion (O: oxygen)
N3 nitride ion (N: nitrogen)
旧的方法: 用bi-前缀来表示:HSO4- bisulfate ion
HCO3 bicarbonate ion
2. Nomenclature of Acids (酸的命名)
2.1 无氧酸 (即阴离子以-ide结尾的酸)
前缀hydro- + 元素名称 + 后缀-ic acid
HCl hydrochloric acid
•Silicon 铝•G[ deʒrəm:'maeniniuiəmm (]锗)
• • •
Potassium • Rubidium (铷) Cesium (铯) •
Strontium (锶)
[ 'strɔntiəm ]
Barium (钡)
•Gallium (镓) •Tin 锡 •Indium (铟) •Lead 铅 •Thallium (铊)
化工行业常用词汇

化工行业常用词汇1. 化学品:指的是由原子或分子组成的物质,可以是单一元素的化合物或混合物。
2. 反应器:用于进行化学反应的容器,通常是一个密封的容器,能够控制反应条件。
3. 催化剂:能够加速化学反应速率的物质,但在反应结束时不会被消耗的物质。
4. 蒸馏:通过加热液体混合物并收集其蒸汽再凝结成液体以分离化学物质的过程。
5. 聚合物:由重复的单体分子组成的大分子化合物,如塑料、橡胶等。
6. 溶剂:用来溶解其他物质的液体,通常用于溶解非极性或极性物质。
7. 浓缩:使溶液中溶质的含量增加,并减少溶剂的含量。
8. 离子交换:通过将一些离子置换成其他离子来改变溶液的性质的过程。
9. 聚合物化学:研究以合成和加工聚合物为主的化学科学领域。
以上是化工行业中常用的一些词汇和它们的含义。
这些词汇在化工生产和研发过程中经常会被提及,对于从事化工行业的人员来说,了解这些词汇的含义是非常重要的。
在化工行业中,不仅仅是常用词汇,还有许多专业术语和领域特定的名词。
下面将介绍一些例如催化剂、蒸馏和聚合物等专业术语:催化剂:催化剂通常是在化学反应中起催化作用的物质,它能够改变反应的速率而不被反应消耗。
在化工生产中,许多反应都需要催化剂来加速反应速率,从而提高生产效率。
常见的催化剂包括金属、金属氧化物、酶和复合材料等。
在催化剂的选择和设计中,需要考虑反应条件、催化剂的稳定性、成本和环境友好性等因素。
蒸馏:蒸馏是一种用于分离液体混合物的方法。
在蒸馏中,液体混合物首先被加热以产生蒸气,然后通过冷凝将蒸气凝结成液体,从而分离出不同组分。
蒸馏通常用于提纯化学品、分离混合物和回收溶剂。
在化工生产中,蒸馏是一项常见的分离技术,可以应用于石油化工、化学工程和生物工程等领域。
聚合物:聚合物是由多个单体分子通过共价键连接而成的大分子化合物。
聚合物在化工行业中有广泛的应用,包括塑料、橡胶、纤维和树脂等。
聚合物的性质取决于其结构、分子量和组分,可以通过化学合成或物理方法来获得所需的聚合物材料。
化学化工相关词汇整理

表 1-1 中英文对照环保常用术语水质标准Water quality standards土壤污染 硬度soil pollution Hardness三废: 废水、废气、PH 值PH value废固Waste water/waste gas/solid waste化学需氧量重金属COD: Chemical Oxygen Demand Heavy metals水污染 Water pollution 生化需氧量 BOD: Biochemical Oxygen Demand大气污染air pollution总需氧量 TOD: Total Oxygen Demand 总有机碳 TOC: Total Organic Carbon 总氮 TN: Total Nitrogen 有机氮 Organic Nitrogen 氨氮 ammonia nitrogen 悬浮物SS : Suspended Substance 溶解氧DO: Dissolved Oxygen色度 Colority浊度 Turbidity表 2-1 中英文对照质量控制常用术语滴定titration 溶液solution投诉complaint HPLC high performance liquidchromatographyGC gas chromatography 样品sampleGLP good labrotory practice 甲醇methanol乙腈acetonitril 对照品reference standard表 3-1 中英文对照表 4-1 中英文对照物流常用术语原料raw material 成品finished goods中间体intermediate 合格qualified待检quarantine 不合格reject库存inventory 分料dispense标签label 接收receive包装package 发货dispatch安防部常用术语安全帽helmets 洗眼器eye browser报警按钮alarm button 三级教育The three-leveleducation三不伤害three non-injury 安全通道safe passage表 5-1 中英文对照QA 常用术语表 6-1 中英文对照表 7-1 中英文对照生产常用术语反应 reaction冷却 cooling 加热 heating 回流 return 分层 stratification萃取 extraction 脱色 d e c o l o r i z a t i o n 过滤 filtration结晶crystallization重结晶r e c r y s t a l l i z a t i o n药品生产质量管理规范GMP good manufacturing practice不符合规定OOS out of specification 良好的记录规范GDP good documentation practice内审Self-inspection质量保证 QA quality assurance产品召回 Recallto oxidize 脱氧,氧化 to dehydrate 脱水 melting 熔解 electrolysis 电解 anode 阳极,正极 cathode 阴极,负极 flask 烧瓶inorganic chemistry 无机化学 litmus paper 石蕊试纸生产常用术语alkalinization 碱化 to hydrate 水合 combustion 燃烧 hydrolysis 水解 catalysis 催化作用 reversible 可逆的 apparatus 设备 element 元素 atomic weight 原子量 molecule 分子 radical 基distillation 蒸馏 to hydrogenate 氢化 solution 溶解 isomery 同分异物现象 catalyst 催化剂 dissolution 分解化学反应产物filter 滤管 gram atom 克原子 anion 阴离子 symbol 复合precipitation 沉淀 to neutralize 中和 fermentation 发酵 alkalinity 碱性 electrode 电极 reducer 还原剂product series 系列 pipette 吸液管 cation 阳离子表 8-1 中英文对照常用玻璃仪器英文表示adapter 接液管beaker 烧杯boiling flask-3-neck 三口烧瓶burette stand 滴定架台Claisen distilling head 减压蒸馏头condenser-Allihn type 球型冷凝管compressor 压缩dimension 尺寸boiler 锅炉Screwed 丝口check valve 止回阀work shop 车间dispaly 数显表switch 开关electric bridger 桥架bolt 螺栓ware house 仓库Inverter 变频器Welding 焊接electric cable 电缆线box 配电柜wood 木头methano 甲醇toluene 甲苯acetone 丙酮hydrochloric acid 盐酸cooling tower water 循环水process water 工艺用水purifed water 纯化水steam 蒸汽condensate 冷凝水compress air 压缩空气nitrogen 氮气drainage 排水系统sewage 污水管fan 排风扇vent 放空blow down 安全阀排气seal 垫片Ball valve 球阀check valve 止回阀diafragnBottom valve 底阀Safety valve 安全阀Bypass 旁通Sight glass 视镜Quick connection 快接Termometer 温度计Manometer 压力表On/off valve 开关阀Level indicator 液位计Impeller 搅拌器Motor 电机Food oilheight 高度length 长度thickness 厚度weight 重量volume 容积density 密度pipe 管子tee 三通elbows 弯头reduction 大小头flange 法兰blind flange 盲板stainless steel 不锈钢glass lined 搪玻璃carbon steel 碳钢bivalent 二价nitric acid 硝酸aqua fortis 王水caustic potash 苛性钾polymer 聚合物butane 丁烷ester 酯endothermic reaction 吸热反应burette 滴定管粘合剂 adhesive sucrose 蔗糖exothermic reaction 放热反condenser-west tube 直型冷凝管广口瓶 air condenser 空气冷凝管boiling flask 烧瓶burette clamp 滴定管夹Busher funnel 布氏漏斗crucible tongs 坩埚钳crucible with cover 带盖的坩埚distilling head 蒸馏头distilling tube 蒸馏管Erlenmeyer flask 锥型瓶evaporating dish (porcelain) 瓷蒸发皿filter flask(suction flask) 抽滤瓶florence flask 平底烧瓶fractionating column 分馏柱Geiser burette (stopcock) 酸氏滴定管graduated cylinder 量筒Hirsch funnel 赫氏漏斗long-stem funnel 长颈漏斗medicine dropper 滴管Mohr burette for use with pinchcock 碱氏滴定管Mohr measuring pipette 量液管mortar 研钵pestle 研杵pinch clamp 弹簧节流夹plastic squeeze bottle 塑料洗瓶reducing bush 大变小转换接头rubber pipette bulb 吸耳球screw clamp 螺旋夹separatory funnel 分液漏斗stemless funnel 无颈漏斗test tube holder 试管夹test tube 试管Thiele melting point tube 提勒熔点管transfer pipette 移液管tripod 三角架volumetric flask 容量瓶watch glass 表皿wide-mouth bottle 广口瓶【分享】有机物英语单词后缀表有机物英语单词后缀表-acetal 缩醇acid 酸-al 醛alcohol 醇-aldehyde 醛-aldechydic acid 醛酸-amarime (或-marine) 苦苷-amic acid 酰胺酸-amide 酰胺-amide acid (=amic acid) 酰胺酸-amidine 脒-amidoxime 脒肟-amidrazone 脒腙-amine 胺-ane 烷anhydride -ic anhydrideanil 缩苯胺-anilic acid 酰苯胺酸-anilide 酰苯胺-aniside 酰茴香醛-arsine 胂-arsinic acid [美国名指]次胂酸-arsinous acid [美国名和英国名均指]卑胂酸-arsinoxide 胂氧-arsonic acid [美国名和英国名均指]胂酸-arsonous acid [美国名指]亚胂酸-ase 酶-azide 叠氮-azine 连氮-betaine 内胺盐-biarsine 联胂bi...oyl di..oyl-bistibine 联锑bi...yl 联...-borane 硼烷-borinic acid 二取代硼酸-boronic acid 硼酸-bromohydrin 溴醇-cacodyl 卡可基-cain(e) 卡因-carbamic acid 氨甲酸-carbazinic acid 肼甲酸-carbinol 甲醇-carbodithioic acid 二硫代羧酸carbohydrazide N- 酰基卡巴肼-carbohydraoxamamide 甲肟胺-carbohydroxamic acid 羧肟胺-carbonamidine 甲脒-carbonitrile 甲腈-barbonyl 羰基-carbothioic acid 羧硫代酸-carbothiolic acid 甲硫羟酸-carbothionic acid 甲硫羰酸-carboxaldehyde 甲醛-carboxamide 甲酰胺-carboxamidine 甲脒-carboxamidoxime 甲胺肟-carboximidic acid 甲亚胺酸-carboxylic acid 羧酸-carbylamine 胩-cene 并...苯-chloroarine 氯胂-chlorohydrin 氯醇-chrysine 柯因-cyanamide 氨腈-cyanhydrin 氰醇-cyanoarsin 氰胂-diarsine 联胂-diazonium 重氮-dicarboximide 二甲酰亚胺-dichloroarsine 二氯胂-diimide 联亚胺-din(e) 定;啶di...(o)yl 联…酰-disulfide 二硫-dithiocarbamic acid 氨基二硫代羧酸-di...ylene 联二…亚基-drin(e) 君[俗名词尾]-e- 裂[嵌在末一音节之前,指分裂后之产物 ]-ene 烯-ester 酯-etane 丁环-ete 丁-etene 丁亭[4 元无氮一烯环,中文中与 -etine 不分] -ether 醚-etidine 丁啶-etine 丁亭[4 元含氮饱和环]-florine 花精-follin 叶素-folin 叶素-form 仿gen 精-genin 配基-germanonic acid 基锗酸-gin 精-glycol 二醇-hemiacetal 缩一醇-hydrazidc 酰肼-hydrazidine 肼定-hydrazine 肼-hydrazone 腙-hydrin 醇hydrogen ester 氢酯hydrosulfamine 巯胺-hydroxamamide 肟胺-hydroxamic acid 羟肟酸-hydroxylamine 胲-ic anhydride 酸酐-ic semialdehyde 醛酸-ide 酰胺-il 偶酰-imide 酰亚胺-imidic acid 亚胺酸-imine 亚胺-in 精-inium -onium-iodohydrin 碘醇-irane 丙烷-irene 丙烯-iridine 丙啶-irine 丙因-isothiourca 异硫脲-isource 异脲-ite 糖醇-itol 糖醇-ium -onium-ketal 酮缩醇-ketene 乙烯酮-ketazine 酮连氮-ketimide 酮亚胺-ketol 乙酮醇-ketone 酮-ketoxime 甲酮肟-lactam 内酰胺-lactim 内酰亚胺-lactone 内酯-lin 灵-lin(e) 灵-lysin 溶素-mercaptal 醛缩硫醇-mercaptan 硫醇-mereaptole 酮缩硫醇-methine 甲碱-methylene 亚甲基-min 明-morpholide N-酰基吗啉-naphthalide N- 酰基萘胺-naphthone 酰萘-nin(e) 宁-nitramine 硝胺-nitrile 腈-nitrolic acid 硝肟酸-nitrosamine 亚硝胺-nitrosate 硝酯肟酸-nitrosolic acid 亚硝肟酸-nitrosite 亚硝酯肟酸-oic acid 酸-oin 偶姻-ol 醇-ole 脑,醚-olic acid 醇酸;脑酸;油酸;炔酸-olid(e) 交酯-olidine 烷[5 元含氮饱和杂环]-oline 啉[5 元一烯杂环]-onane 壬环[9 元饱和杂环] -one 酮-ionic acid 酮酸-ionic acid 糖酸-onium 钅翁-o... one ...酰...酮-or 脑-orthosiliconic acid 原硅酸-osan 聚糖-osazone 脎-ose 糖-oside 糖苷-oxide 氧化物-oxime 肟-oyl 酰-oyl halide 酰卤-ozonide 臭氧-peroxide 过氧-phene 芬-phine 粉;芬-phenetidide 酰基苯乙定-phenone 酰苯-phosphine 膦-phosphinic acid 次磷酸-phosphinous acid 卑磷酸-phosphonic acid 磷酸-phosphonous acid 亚磷酸-phyllin(e) 非灵;植素-picrin 苦碱-pin(e) 品-pinacol 频哪醇-pinacolin(e) 频哪酮-pinacolone 频哪酮-pinacone -pinacol-piperidine N-酰基哌啶-plumbonic acid 铅酸-quine 奎-rin 扔,苷-rufin 绛酚saccharic acid 糖质酸saccharinic acid 糖精酸-sapegenin 皂萆配基-saponine 皂萆苷-selenenic acid 次硒酸-seleninic acid 亚硒酸-selenol 硒醇-selenonic acid 硒酸-semiacetal 醛缩一醇semialdehyde -ic semialdehyde -semicarbazone 缩氨脲-semicarbazide 氨脲-semioxamazone 缩半萆肼-siliconic acid 硅酸-sin 僧;素-st- 甾-stannonic acid 锡酸-stibine 月弟-stibinic acid 次锑酸-stibinous acid 卑锑酸stibonic acid 锑酸-stibonium 锑-stibonous acid 亚锑酸sulfenamide 次磺酰胺-sulfenic acid 次磺酸-sulfide 硫-sulfilimine 硫亚胺-sulfinamide 亚磺酰胺-sulfinic acid 亚磺酸-sulfonamide 磺酰胺-sulfone 砜-sulfonic acid 磺酸-sulfoxide 亚砜-sultam 磺内酰胺-sultone 磺内酯-tanin 单宁-tannin 单宁-tellurinic acid 亚碲酸-telluronic acid 碲酸-thetin(e) 噻亭-thin 质thioacetal 醛缩硫醇-thiocarbazone 硫卡巴腙-thiohydroxylamine 硫胲-thioic acid 硫代酸-thioketene 乙烯硫酮-thiol 硫醇-thiolactone 硫代内酯-thiosemicarbazone 缩胺基硫脲-thiolic acid 硫羟酸-thione 硫酮-thionic acid 硫羰酸-thionothiolic acid 二硫代羧酸-thiourea 硫脲-tin 亭-toluide N-酰基甲苯胺-toxin(e) 毒-trin 醇-trisulfide 三硫-tropin 托品-ulose 酮糖-area 脲-urethan(e) 尿烷-urethylan(e) 尿基烷-uric acid 尿酸-uronic acid 糖醛酸,糖酮酸-xanthin 黄质-xanthogenic acid 黄元酸-xylide N-酰二甲苯胺-yl 基-ylene 亚基-yl halide 卤代物-ylidene 亚基-ylidyne 次基-ylium 钅翁-yne 炔organic compounds 有机化合物compounds of carbon 碳化合物hydrocarbons and their derivatives 碳氢化合物及其衍生物organic chemistry 有机化学structure of molecule 分子结构chemical bond 化学键covalent bond 共价键hybrid orbital 杂化轨道bond length 键长bond angle 键角bond energy 键能polarity 极性dissociation energy 离解能constitution 构造contiguration 构型conformation 构象stereochemistry 立体化学tetrahedral 正四面体cis-顺trans-反isomerism 同分异构现象isomer 异构体stereoisomer 立体异构constitutional isomer 构造异构structural formula 结构式octet 八隅体perspective 透视式eclipsed conformation 重叠式构象staggered conformation 交叉式构象newman projection 纽曼投影式functional group 官能团chain compoud 链状化合物carbocyclic compound 碳环化合物heterocyclic compound 杂环化合物dipole-dipole interactions 偶极-偶极相互作用van der Waals forces 范德华力hydrogen bonding 氢键dipole moment 偶极矩electronegativity 电负性physical property 物理性质melting point 熔点boiling point 沸点reaction mechanism 反应机理homolysis 均裂free redical 自由基heterolysis 异裂ionic type 离子型electrophilic reagent 亲电试剂electrophilic reaction 亲电反应nucleophilic reagent 亲核试剂nucleophilic reaction 亲核反应Actinium(Ac) 锕Aluminium(Al) 铝Americium(Am) 镅Antimony(Sb) 锑Argon(Ar) 氩Arsenic(As) 砷Astatine(At) 砹Barium(Ba) 钡Berkelium(Bk) 锫Beryllium(Be) 铍Bismuth(Bi) 铋Boron(B) 硼Bromine(Br) 溴Cadmium(Cd) 镉Caesium(Cs) 铯Calcium(Ca) 钙Californium(Cf) 锎Carbon(C) 碳Cerium(Ce) 铈Chlorine(Cl) 氯Chromium(Cr) 铬Cobalt(Co) 钴Copper(Cu) 铜Curium(Cm) 锔Dysprosium(Dy) 镝Einsteinium(Es) 锿Erbium(Er) 铒Europium(Eu) 铕Fermium(Fm) 镄Fluorine(F) 氟Francium(Fr) 钫Gadolinium(Gd) 钆Gallium(Ga) 镓Germanium(Ge) 锗Gold(Au) 金Hafnium(Hf) 铪Helium(He) 氦Holmium(Ho) 钬Hydrogen(H) 氢Indium(In) 铟Iodine(I) 碘Iridium(Ir) 铱Iron(Fe) 铁Krypton(Kr) 氪Lanthanum(La) 镧Lawrencium(Lr) 铹Lead(Pb) 铅Lithium(Li) 锂Lutetium(Lu) 镥Magnesium(Mg) 镁Manganese(Mn) 锰Mendelevium(Md) 钔Mercury(Hg) 汞Molybdenum(Mo) 钼Neodymium(Nd) 钕Neon(Ne) 氖Neptunium(Np) 镎Nickel(Ni) 镍Niobium(Nb) 铌Nitrogen(N) 氮Nobelium(No) 锘Osmium(Os) 锇Oxygen(O) 氧Palladium(Pd) 钯Phosphorus(P) 磷Platinum(Pt) 铂Plutonium(Pu) 钚Polonium(Po) 钋Potassium(K) 钾Praseodymium(Pr) 镨Promethium(Pm) 钷Protactinium(Pa) 镤Radium(Ra) 镭Radon(Rn) 氡Rhenium(Re) 铼Rhodium(Rh) 铑Rubidium(Rb) 铷Ruthenium(Ru) 钌Samarium(Sm) 钐Scandium(Sc) 钪Selenium(Se) 硒Silicon(Si) 硅Silver(Ag) 银Sodium(Na) 钠Strontium(Sr) 锶Sulphur(S) 锍Tantalum(Ta) 钽Technetium(Tc) 锝Tellurium(Te) 碲Terbium(Tb) 铽Thallium(Tl) 铊Thorium(Th) 钍Tin(Sn) 锡Thulium(Tm) 铥Titanium(Ti) 钛Tungsten(W) 钨Uranium(U) 铀Vanadium(V) 钒Xenon(Xe) 氙Ytterbium(Yb) 镱Yttrium(Y) 钇Zinc(Zn) 锌Zirconium(Zr) 锆●化学常用词汇汉英对照表1 ●氨 ammonia氨基酸 amino acid铵盐 ammonium salt饱和链烃 saturated aliphatic hydrocarbon 苯 benzene变性 denaturation不饱和烃超导材料unsaturated hydrocarbonsuperconductive material臭氧 ozone醇 alcohol次氯酸钾醋酸钠蛋白质氮族元素碘化钾碘化钠potassium hypochlorite sodium acetateproteinnitrogen group element potassium iodide sodium iodide电化学腐蚀 electrochemical corrosion电解质 electrolyte电离平衡 ionization equilibrium电子云 electron cloud淀粉 starch淀粉碘化钾试纸 starch potassium iodide paper二氧化氮二氧化硅二氧化硫二氧化锰芳香烃放热反应nitrogen dioxide silicon dioxidesulphur dioxide manganese dioxide areneexothermic reaction非极性分子 non-polar molecule 非极性键 non-polar bond肥皂 soap分馏 fractional distillation酚 phenol复合材料 composite干电池 dry cell干馏 dry distillation甘油 glycerol高分子化合物 polymer共价键官能团covalent bond functional group光化学烟雾过氧化氢合成材料合成纤维合成橡胶核电荷数photochemical fog hydrogen peroxide synthetic material synthetic fiber synthetic rubber nuclear charge number核素 nuclide化学电源 chemical power source化学反应速率 chemical reaction rate化学键化学平衡还原剂磺化反应chemical bond chemical equilibrium reducing agent sulfonation reaction霍尔槽 Hull Cell极性分子极性键加成反应加聚反应polar moleculepolar bondaddition reaction addition polymerization甲烷 methane碱金属 alkali metal碱石灰 soda lime结构式 structural formula聚合反应 po1ymerization可逆反应 reversible reaction空气污染指数勒夏特列原理air pollution indexLe Chatelier's principle离子反应 ionic reaction离子方程式 ionic equation离子键 ionic bond锂电池 lithium cell两性氢氧化物 amphoteric hydroxide 两性氧化物 amphoteric oxide裂化 cracking裂解 pyrolysis硫氰化钾硫酸钠氯化铵氯化钡氯化钾氯化铝氯化镁potassium thiocyanate sodium sulphide ammonium chloride barium chloride potassium chloride aluminium chloride magnesium chloride氯化氢 hydrogen chloride氯化铁 iron (III) chloride氯水 chlorine water麦芽糖 maltose煤 coal酶 enzyme摩尔 mole摩尔质量 molar mass品红 magenta 或 fuchsine葡萄糖 glucose气体摩尔体积 molar volume of gas铅蓄电池强电解质氢氟酸氢氧化铝取代反应lead storage battery strong electrolyte hydrogen chloride aluminium hydroxide substitution reaction醛 aldehyde炔烃 alkyne燃料电池 fuel cell弱电解质 weak electrolyte石油 Petroleum水解反应四氯化碳hydrolysis reactioncarbon tetrachloride 塑料 plastic塑料的降解塑料的老化酸碱中和滴定plastic degradationplastic ageingacid-base neutralization titration酸雨羧酸acid raincarboxylic acid碳酸钠 sodium carbonate碳酸氢铵 ammonium bicarbonate碳酸氢钠 sodium bicarbonate糖类 carbohydrate烃 hydrocarbon烃的衍生物 derivative of hydrocarbon烃基 hydrocarbonyl同分异构体 isomer同素异形体 allotrope同位素 isotope同系物 homo1og涂料 coating烷烃 alkane物质的量 amount of substance物质的量浓度 amount-of-substance concentration of B烯烃 alkene洗涤剂 detergent纤维素 cellulose相对分子质量 relative molecular mass相对原子质量 relative atomic mass消去反应 elimination reaction硝化反应 nitratlon reaction硝酸钡 barium nitrate硝酸银 silver nitrate溴的四氯化碳溶液 solution of bromine in carbon tetrachloride 溴化钠 sodium bromide溴水 bromine water溴水 bromine water盐类的水解 hydrolysis of salts盐析 salting-out焰色反应 flame test氧化剂 oxidizing agent氧化铝 aluminium oxide氧化铁 iron (III) oxide乙醇 ethanol乙醛 ethana1乙炔 ethyne乙酸 ethanoic acid乙酸乙酯 ethyl acetate乙烯 ethene银镜反应 silver mirror reaction硬脂酸 stearic acid油脂 oils and fats有机化合物 organic compound元素周期表 periodic table of elements 元素周期律 periodic law of elements 原电池 primary battery原子序数 atomic number皂化反应 saponification粘合剂 adhesive蔗糖 sucrose指示剂 Indicator酯 ester酯化反应 esterification周期 period族 group (主族: main group) Bunsen burner 本生灯product 化学反应产物flask 烧瓶apparatus 设备PH indicator PH 值指示剂,氢离子(浓度的)负指数指示剂matrass 卵形瓶litmus 石蕊litmus paper 石蕊试纸graduate, graduated flask 量筒,量杯reagent 试剂test tube 试管burette 滴定管retort 曲颈甑still 蒸馏釜cupel 烤钵crucible pot, melting pot 坩埚pipette 吸液管filter 滤管stirring rod 搅拌棒element 元素body 物体compound 化合物atom 原子gram atom 克原子atomic weight 原子量atomic number 原子数atomic mass 原子质量molecule 分子electrolyte 电解质ion 离子anion 阴离子cation 阳离子electron 电子isotope 同位素isomer 同分异物现象polymer 聚合物symbol 复合radical 基structural formula 分子式valence, valency 价monovalent 单价bivalent 二价halogen 成盐元素bond 原子的聚合mixture 混合combination 合成作用compound 合成物alloy 合金organic chemistry 有机化学inorganic chemistry 无机化学derivative 衍生物series 系列acid 酸hydrochloric acid 盐酸sulphuric acid 硫酸nitric acid 硝酸aqua fortis 王水fatty acid 脂肪酸organic acid 有机酸 hydrosulphuric acid 氢硫酸hydrogen sulfide 氢化硫alkali 碱,强碱ammonia 氨base 碱hydrate 水合物hydroxide 氢氧化物 ,羟化物hydracid 氢酸hydrocarbon 碳氢化合物 ,羟anhydride 酐alkaloid 生物碱aldehyde 醛oxide 氧化物phosphate 磷酸盐acetate 醋酸盐methane 甲烷,沼气butane 丁烷salt 盐potassium carbonate 碳酸钾soda 苏打sodium carbonate 碳酸钠caustic potash 苛性钾caustic soda 苛性钠ester 酯gel 凝胶体analysis 分解fractionation 分馏endothermic reaction 吸热反应exothermic reaction 放热反应precipitation 沉淀to precipitate 沉淀to distil, to distill 蒸馏distillation 蒸馏to calcine 煅烧to oxidize 氧化alkalinization 碱化to oxygenate, to oxidize 脱氧,氧化to neutralize 中和to hydrogenate 氢化to hydrate 水合,水化to dehydrate 脱水fermentation 发酵solution 溶解combustion 燃烧fusion, melting 熔解alkalinity 碱性isomerism, isomery 同分异物现象hydrolysis 水解electrolysis 电解electrode 电极anode 阳极,正极cathode 阴极,负极catalyst 催化剂catalysis 催化作用oxidization, oxidation 氧化reducer 还原剂dissolution 分解synthesis 合成reversible 可逆的。
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环保常用术语水质标准Water quality standards土壤污染soil pollution三废:废水、废气、废固Waste water/waste gas/solidwaste硬度HardnessPH值PH value化学需氧量COD: Chemical Oxygen Demand重金属Heavy metals水污染Water pollution生化需氧量BOD: Biochemical Oxygen Demand大气污染air pollution总需氧量TOD: Total Oxygen Demand总有机碳TOC: Total Organic Carbon总氮TN: Total Nitrogen有机氮Organic Nitrogen氨氮ammonia nitrogen悬浮物SS:Suspended Substance溶解氧DO: Dissolved Oxygen色度Colority浊度Turbidity表2-1 中英文对照质量控制常用术语滴定titration溶液solution投诉complaint HPLC high performance liquid chromatography GC gas chromatography样品sampleGLP good labrotory practice甲醇methanol乙腈acetonitril对照品reference standard试剂reagent分析analysis标定standardize稳定性stability方法method标准specification记录record OOS out of specification偏差deviation调查investigation安防部常用术语安全帽helmets 洗眼器eye browser报警按钮alarm button 三级教育The three-level education 三不伤害three non-injury 安全通道safe passage四不放过four did not miss 灭火器fire extinguishers防护眼镜protective glasses 安全标识security logo四懂四会understand安全第一safety First预防为主prevention 消火栓fire hydrant物流常用术语原料raw material成品finished goods中间体intermediate合格qualified待检quarantine不合格reject库存inventory分料dispense标签label接收receive包装package发货dispatch托盘pallet净重net weight毛重gross weight皮重tare weight检验报告单COA (certificate of analysis)报关Customs declaration发票invoice装箱单packing listQA常用术语药品生产质量管理规范GMP good manufacturing practice 不符合规定OOS out of specification良好的记录规范GDP good documentation practice 内审Self-inspection质量保证QA quality assurance 产品召回Recall变更控制CC change control 返工Reprocess年度质量回顾AQU annual quality review 再加工Rework验证Validation 偏差Deviation表6-1 中英文对照生产常用术语反应reaction冷却cooling加热heating 回流return分层stratification萃取extraction脱色decolorization 过滤filtration结晶crystallization重结晶recrystallization洗涤washing常压蒸馏Atmospheric distillation减压蒸馏vacuum distillatio n 精馏distillation离心centrifugal 烘干drying磨粉mill 包装package生产常用术语precipitation 沉淀distillation 蒸馏alkalinization 碱化to oxidize 脱氧,氧化to neutralize 中和to hydrogenate 氢化to hydrate 水合to dehydrate 脱水fermentation 发酵solution 溶解combustion 燃烧melting 熔解alkalinity 碱性isomery 同分异物现象hydrolysis 水解electrolysis 电解electrode 电极catalyst 催化剂catalysis 催化作用anode 阳极,正极reducer 还原剂dissolution 分解reversible 可逆的cathode 阴极,负极product 化学反应产物apparatus 设备flask 烧瓶series 系列filter 滤管element 元素inorganic chemistry 无机化学pipette 吸液管gram atom 克原子atomic weight 原子量litmus paper 石蕊试纸cation 阳离子anion 阴离子molecule 分子organic acid 有机酸gel 凝胶体symbol 复合radical 基hydrosulphuric acid 氢硫酸mixture 混合alloy 合金derivative 衍生物potassium carbonate 碳酸钾bivalent 二价nitric acid 硝酸aqua fortis 王水caustic potash 苛性钾polymer 聚合物butane 丁烷ester 酯endothermic reaction 吸热反应burette 滴定管粘合剂adhesive sucrose 蔗糖exothermic reaction 放热反应涂料coating stirring rod 搅拌棒compound 化合物organic chemistry 有机化学fractionation 分馏structural formula 分子式combination 合成作用表8-1 中英文对照methano甲醇seal垫片height 高度compressor 压缩toluene甲苯Ball valve 球阀length长度dimension 尺寸acetone丙酮check valve 止回阀thickness 厚度boiler 锅炉hydrochloric acid盐酸diafragn weight 重量Screwed丝口cooling tower water 循环水Bottom valve 底阀volume 容积check valve止回阀process water 工艺用水Safety valve 安全阀density 密度work shop 车间purifed water 纯化水Bypass旁通pipe 管子dispaly 数显表steam 蒸汽Sight glass 视镜tee 三通switch开关condensate 冷凝水Quick connection 快接elbows 弯头electric bridger桥架compress air 压缩空气Termometer温度计reduction 大小头bolt 螺栓nitrogen 氮气Manometer压力表flange 法兰ware house 仓库drainage 排水系统On/off valve开关阀blind flange 盲板Inverter变频器sewage 污水管Level indicator液位计stainless steel 不锈钢Welding焊接fan 排风扇Impeller 搅拌器glass lined 搪玻璃electric cable 电缆线vent 放空Motor电机carbon steel碳钢box 配电柜blow down安全阀排气Food oil wood木头常用玻璃仪器英文表示adapter 接液管广口瓶air condenser 空气冷凝管beaker 烧杯boiling flask 烧瓶boiling flask-3-neck 三口烧瓶burette clamp 滴定管夹burette stand 滴定架台Busher funnel 布氏漏斗Claisen distilling head 减压蒸馏头condenser-Allihn type 球型冷凝管condenser-west tube 直型冷凝管crucible tongs 坩埚钳crucible with cover 带盖的坩埚distilling head 蒸馏头distilling tube 蒸馏管Erlenmeyer flask 锥型瓶evaporating dish (porcelain) 瓷蒸发皿filter flask(suction flask) 抽滤瓶florence flask 平底烧瓶fractionating column 分馏柱Geiser burette (stopcock) 酸氏滴定管graduated cylinder 量筒Hirsch funnel 赫氏漏斗long-stem funnel 长颈漏斗medicine dropper 滴管Mohr burette for use with pinchcock 碱氏滴定管Mohr measuring pipette 量液管mortar 研钵pestle 研杵pinch clamp 弹簧节流夹plastic squeeze bottle 塑料洗瓶reducing bush 大变小转换接头rubber pipette bulb 吸耳球screw clamp 螺旋夹separatory funnel 分液漏斗stemless funnel 无颈漏斗test tube holder 试管夹test tube 试管Thiele melting point tube 提勒熔点管transfer pipette 移液管tripod 三角架volumetric flask 容量瓶watch glass 表皿wide-mouth bottle 广口瓶【分享】有机物英语单词后缀表有机物英语单词后缀表-acetal 缩醇acid 酸-al 醛alcohol 醇-aldehyde 醛-aldechydic acid 醛酸-amarime(或-marine)苦苷-amic acid 酰胺酸-amide 酰胺-amide acid (=amic acid)酰胺酸-amidine 脒-amidoxime 脒肟-amidrazone 脒腙-amine 胺-ane 烷anhydride -ic anhydrideanil 缩苯胺-anilic acid 酰苯胺酸-anilide 酰苯胺-aniside 酰茴香醛-arsine 胂-arsinic acid [美国名指]次胂酸-arsinous acid [美国名和英国名均指]卑胂酸-arsinoxide 胂氧-arsonic acid [美国名和英国名均指]胂酸-arsonous acid [美国名指]亚胂酸-ase 酶-azide 叠氮-azine 连氮-betaine 内胺盐-biarsine 联胂bi...oyl di..oyl-bistibine 联锑bi...yl 联...-borane 硼烷-borinic acid 二取代硼酸-boronic acid 硼酸-bromohydrin 溴醇-cacodyl 卡可基-cain(e) 卡因-carbamic acid 氨甲酸-carbazinic acid 肼甲酸-carbinol 甲醇-carbodithioic acid 二硫代羧酸carbohydrazide N-酰基卡巴肼-carbohydraoxamamide 甲肟胺-carbohydroxamic acid 羧肟胺-carbonamidine 甲脒-carbonitrile 甲腈-barbonyl 羰基-carbothioic acid 羧硫代酸-carbothiolic acid 甲硫羟酸-carbothionic acid 甲硫羰酸-carboxaldehyde 甲醛-carboxamide 甲酰胺-carboxamidine 甲脒-carboxamidoxime 甲胺肟-carboximidic acid 甲亚胺酸-carboxylic acid 羧酸-carbylamine 胩-cene 并...苯-chloroarine 氯胂-chlorohydrin 氯醇-chrysine 柯因-cyanamide 氨腈-cyanhydrin 氰醇-cyanoarsin 氰胂-diarsine 联胂-diazonium 重氮-dicarboximide 二甲酰亚胺-dichloroarsine 二氯胂-diimide 联亚胺-din(e) 定;啶di...(o)yl 联…酰-disulfide 二硫-dithiocarbamic acid 氨基二硫代羧酸-di...ylene 联二…亚基-drin(e) 君[俗名词尾]-e- 裂[嵌在末一音节之前,指分裂后之产物]-ene 烯-ester 酯-etane 丁环-ete 丁-etene 丁亭[4元无氮一烯环,中文中与-etine不分] -ether 醚-etidine 丁啶-etine 丁亭[4元含氮饱和环]-florine 花精-follin 叶素-folin 叶素-form 仿gen 精-genin 配基-germanonic acid 基锗酸-gin 精-glycol 二醇-hemiacetal 缩一醇-hydrazidc 酰肼-hydrazidine 肼定-hydrazine 肼-hydrazone 腙-hydrin 醇hydrogen ester 氢酯hydrosulfamine 巯胺-hydroxamamide 肟胺-hydroxamic acid 羟肟酸-hydroxylamine 胲-ic anhydride 酸酐-ic semialdehyde 醛酸-ide 酰胺-il 偶酰-imide 酰亚胺-imidic acid 亚胺酸-imine 亚胺-in 精-inium -onium-iodohydrin 碘醇-irane 丙烷-irene 丙烯-iridine 丙啶-irine 丙因-isothiourca 异硫脲-isource 异脲-ite 糖醇-itol 糖醇-ium -onium-ketal 酮缩醇-ketene 乙烯酮-ketazine 酮连氮-ketimide 酮亚胺-ketol 乙酮醇-ketone 酮-ketoxime 甲酮肟-lactam 内酰胺-lactim 内酰亚胺-lactone 内酯-lin 灵-lin(e) 灵-lysin 溶素-mercaptal 醛缩硫醇-mercaptan 硫醇-mereaptole 酮缩硫醇-methine 甲碱-methylene 亚甲基-min 明-morpholide N-酰基吗啉-naphthalide N-酰基萘胺-naphthone 酰萘-nin(e) 宁-nitramine 硝胺-nitrile 腈-nitrolic acid 硝肟酸-nitrosamine 亚硝胺-nitrosate 硝酯肟酸-nitrosolic acid 亚硝肟酸-nitrosite 亚硝酯肟酸-oic acid 酸-oin 偶姻-ol 醇-ole 脑,醚-olic acid 醇酸;脑酸;油酸;炔酸-olid(e) 交酯-olidine 烷[5元含氮饱和杂环]-oline 啉[5元一烯杂环]-onane 壬环[9元饱和杂环]-one 酮-ionic acid 酮酸-ionic acid 糖酸-onium 钅翁-o... one ...酰...酮-or 脑-orthosiliconic acid 原硅酸-osan 聚糖-osazone 脎-ose 糖-oside 糖苷-oxide 氧化物-oxime 肟-oyl 酰-oyl halide 酰卤-ozonide 臭氧-peroxide 过氧-phene 芬-phine 粉;芬-phenetidide 酰基苯乙定-phenone 酰苯-phosphine 膦-phosphinic acid 次磷酸-phosphinous acid 卑磷酸-phosphonic acid 磷酸-phosphonous acid 亚磷酸-phyllin(e) 非灵;植素-picrin 苦碱-pin(e) 品-pinacol 频哪醇-pinacolin(e) 频哪酮-pinacolone 频哪酮-pinacone -pinacol-piperidine N-酰基哌啶-plumbonic acid 铅酸-quine 奎-rin 扔,苷-rufin 绛酚saccharic acid 糖质酸saccharinic acid 糖精酸-sapegenin 皂萆配基-saponine 皂萆苷-selenenic acid 次硒酸-seleninic acid 亚硒酸-selenol 硒醇-selenonic acid 硒酸-semiacetal 醛缩一醇semialdehyde -ic semialdehyde -semicarbazone 缩氨脲-semicarbazide 氨脲-semioxamazone 缩半萆肼-siliconic acid 硅酸-sin 僧;素-st- 甾-stannonic acid 锡酸-stibine 月弟-stibinic acid 次锑酸-stibinous acid 卑锑酸stibonic acid 锑酸-stibonium 锑-stibonous acid 亚锑酸sulfenamide 次磺酰胺-sulfenic acid 次磺酸-sulfide 硫-sulfilimine 硫亚胺-sulfinamide 亚磺酰胺-sulfinic acid 亚磺酸-sulfonamide 磺酰胺-sulfone 砜-sulfonic acid 磺酸-sulfoxide 亚砜-sultam 磺内酰胺-sultone 磺内酯-tanin 单宁-tannin 单宁-tellurinic acid 亚碲酸-telluronic acid 碲酸-thetin(e) 噻亭-thin 质thioacetal 醛缩硫醇-thiocarbazone 硫卡巴腙-thiohydroxylamine 硫胲-thioic acid 硫代酸-thioketene 乙烯硫酮-thiol 硫醇-thiolactone 硫代内酯-thiosemicarbazone 缩胺基硫脲-thiolic acid 硫羟酸-thione 硫酮-thionic acid 硫羰酸-thionothiolic acid 二硫代羧酸-thiourea 硫脲-tin 亭-toluide N-酰基甲苯胺-toxin(e) 毒-trin 醇-trisulfide 三硫-tropin 托品-ulose 酮糖-area 脲-urethan(e) 尿烷-urethylan(e) 尿基烷-uric acid 尿酸-uronic acid 糖醛酸,糖酮酸-xanthin 黄质-xanthogenic acid 黄元酸-xylide N-酰二甲苯胺-yl 基-ylene 亚基-yl halide 卤代物-ylidene 亚基-ylidyne 次基-ylium 钅翁-yne 炔organic compounds 有机化合物compounds of carbon 碳化合物hydrocarbons and their derivatives 碳氢化合物及其衍生物organic chemistry 有机化学structure of molecule 分子结构chemical bond 化学键covalent bond 共价键hybrid orbital 杂化轨道bond length 键长bond angle 键角bond energy键能polarity 极性dissociation energy 离解能constitution构造contiguration构型conformation构象stereochemistry立体化学tetrahedral正四面体cis-顺trans-反isomerism同分异构现象isomer异构体stereoisomer立体异构constitutional isomer构造异构structural formula 结构式octet八隅体perspective 透视式eclipsed conformation重叠式构象staggered conformation交叉式构象newman projection纽曼投影式functional group 官能团chain compoud 链状化合物carbocyclic compound碳环化合物heterocyclic compound杂环化合物dipole-dipole interactions 偶极-偶极相互作用van der Waals forces 范德华力hydrogen bonding 氢键dipole moment偶极矩electronegativity 电负性physical property物理性质melting point熔点boiling point 沸点reaction mechanism反应机理homolysis均裂free redical自由基heterolysis异裂ionic type离子型electrophilic reagent亲电试剂electrophilic reaction亲电反应nucleophilic reagent亲核试剂nucleophilic reaction 亲核反应Actinium(Ac) 锕Aluminium(Al) 铝Americium(Am) 镅Antimony(Sb) 锑Argon(Ar) 氩Arsenic(As) 砷Astatine(At) 砹Barium(Ba) 钡Berkelium(Bk) 锫Beryllium(Be) 铍Bismuth(Bi) 铋Boron(B) 硼Bromine(Br) 溴Cadmium(Cd) 镉Caesium(Cs) 铯Calcium(Ca) 钙Californium(Cf) 锎Carbon(C) 碳Cerium(Ce) 铈Chlorine(Cl) 氯Chromium(Cr) 铬Cobalt(Co) 钴Copper(Cu) 铜Curium(Cm) 锔Dysprosium(Dy) 镝Einsteinium(Es) 锿Erbium(Er) 铒Europium(Eu) 铕Fermium(Fm) 镄Fluorine(F) 氟Francium(Fr) 钫Gadolinium(Gd) 钆Gallium(Ga) 镓Germanium(Ge) 锗Gold(Au) 金Hafnium(Hf) 铪Helium(He) 氦Holmium(Ho) 钬Hydrogen(H) 氢Indium(In) 铟Iodine(I) 碘Iridium(Ir) 铱Iron(Fe) 铁Krypton(Kr) 氪Lanthanum(La) 镧Lawrencium(Lr) 铹Lead(Pb) 铅Lithium(Li) 锂Lutetium(Lu) 镥Magnesium(Mg) 镁Manganese(Mn) 锰Mendelevium(Md) 钔Mercury(Hg) 汞Molybdenum(Mo) 钼Neodymium(Nd) 钕Neon(Ne) 氖Neptunium(Np) 镎Nickel(Ni) 镍Niobium(Nb) 铌Nitrogen(N) 氮Nobelium(No) 锘Osmium(Os) 锇Oxygen(O) 氧Palladium(Pd) 钯Phosphorus(P) 磷Platinum(Pt) 铂Plutonium(Pu) 钚Polonium(Po) 钋Potassium(K) 钾Praseodymium(Pr) 镨Promethium(Pm) 钷Protactinium(Pa) 镤Radium(Ra) 镭Radon(Rn) 氡Rhenium(Re) 铼Rhodium(Rh) 铑Rubidium(Rb) 铷Ruthenium(Ru) 钌Samarium(Sm) 钐Scandium(Sc) 钪Selenium(Se) 硒Silicon(Si) 硅Silver(Ag) 银Sodium(Na) 钠Strontium(Sr) 锶Sulphur(S) 锍Tantalum(Ta) 钽Technetium(Tc) 锝Tellurium(T e) 碲Terbium(Tb) 铽Thallium(Tl) 铊Thorium(Th) 钍Tin(Sn) 锡Thulium(Tm) 铥Titanium(Ti) 钛Tungsten(W) 钨Uranium(U) 铀Vanadium(V) 钒Xenon(Xe) 氙Ytterbium(Yb) 镱Yttrium(Y) 钇Zinc(Zn) 锌Zirconium(Zr) 锆●化学常用词汇汉英对照表1●氨ammonia氨基酸amino acid铵盐ammonium salt饱和链烃saturated aliphatic hydrocarbon苯benzene变性denaturation不饱和烃unsaturated hydrocarbon超导材料superconductive material臭氧ozone醇alcohol次氯酸钾potassium hypochlorite醋酸钠sodium acetate蛋白质protein氮族元素nitrogen group element碘化钾potassium iodide碘化钠sodium iodide电化学腐蚀electrochemical corrosion电解质electrolyte电离平衡ionization equilibrium电子云electron cloud淀粉starch淀粉碘化钾试纸starch potassium iodide paper 二氧化氮nitrogen dioxide二氧化硅silicon dioxide二氧化硫sulphur dioxide二氧化锰manganese dioxide芳香烃arene放热反应exothermic reaction非极性分子non-polar molecule非极性键non-polar bond肥皂soap分馏fractional distillation酚phenol复合材料composite干电池dry cell干馏dry distillation甘油glycerol高分子化合物polymer共价键covalent bond官能团functional group光化学烟雾photochemical fog过氧化氢hydrogen peroxide合成材料synthetic material合成纤维synthetic fiber合成橡胶synthetic rubber核电荷数nuclear charge number核素nuclide化学电源chemical power source化学反应速率chemical reaction rate 化学键chemical bond化学平衡chemical equilibrium还原剂reducing agent磺化反应sulfonation reaction霍尔槽Hull Cell极性分子polar molecule极性键polar bond加成反应addition reaction加聚反应addition polymerization甲烷methane碱金属alkali metal碱石灰soda lime结构式structural formula聚合反应po1ymerization可逆反应reversible reaction空气污染指数air pollution index勒夏特列原理Le Chatelier's principle 离子反应ionic reaction离子方程式ionic equation离子键ionic bond锂电池lithium cell两性氢氧化物amphoteric hydroxide 两性氧化物amphoteric oxide裂化cracking裂解pyrolysis硫氰化钾potassium thiocyanate硫酸钠sodium sulphide氯化铵ammonium chloride氯化钡barium chloride氯化钾potassium chloride氯化铝aluminium chloride氯化镁magnesium chloride氯化氢hydrogen chloride氯化铁iron (III) chloride氯水chlorine water麦芽糖maltose煤coal酶enzyme摩尔mole摩尔质量molar mass品红magenta或fuchsine葡萄糖glucose气体摩尔体积molar volume of gas铅蓄电池lead storage battery强电解质strong electrolyte氢氟酸hydrogen chloride氢氧化铝aluminium hydroxide取代反应substitution reaction醛aldehyde炔烃alkyne燃料电池fuel cell弱电解质weak electrolyte石油Petroleum水解反应hydrolysis reaction四氯化碳carbon tetrachloride塑料plastic塑料的降解plastic degradation塑料的老化plastic ageing酸碱中和滴定acid-base neutralization titration酸雨acid rain羧酸carboxylic acid碳酸钠sodium carbonate碳酸氢铵ammonium bicarbonate碳酸氢钠sodium bicarbonate糖类carbohydrate烃hydrocarbon烃的衍生物derivative of hydrocarbon烃基hydrocarbonyl同分异构体isomer同素异形体allotrope同位素isotope同系物homo1og涂料coating烷烃alkane物质的量amount of substance物质的量浓度amount-of-substance concentration of B烯烃alkene洗涤剂detergent纤维素cellulose相对分子质量relative molecular mass相对原子质量relative atomic mass消去反应elimination reaction硝化反应nitratlon reaction硝酸钡barium nitrate硝酸银silver nitrate溴的四氯化碳溶液solution of bromine in carbon tetrachloride 溴化钠sodium bromide溴水bromine water溴水bromine water盐类的水解hydrolysis of salts盐析salting-out焰色反应flame test氧化剂oxidizing agent氧化铝aluminium oxide氧化铁iron (III) oxide乙醇ethanol乙醛ethana1乙炔ethyne乙酸ethanoic acid乙酸乙酯ethyl acetate乙烯ethene银镜反应silver mirror reaction硬脂酸stearic acid油脂oils and fats有机化合物organic compound元素周期表periodic table of elements元素周期律periodic law of elements原电池primary battery原子序数atomic number皂化反应saponification粘合剂adhesive蔗糖sucrose指示剂Indicator酯ester酯化反应esterification周期period族group(主族:main group)Bunsen burner 本生灯product 化学反应产物flask 烧瓶apparatus 设备PH indicator PH值指示剂,氢离子(浓度的)负指数指示剂matrass 卵形瓶litmus 石蕊litmus paper 石蕊试纸graduate, graduated flask 量筒,量杯reagent 试剂test tube 试管burette 滴定管retort 曲颈甑still 蒸馏釜cupel 烤钵crucible pot, melting pot 坩埚pipette 吸液管filter 滤管stirring rod 搅拌棒element 元素body 物体compound 化合物atom 原子gram atom 克原子atomic weight 原子量atomic number 原子数atomic mass 原子质量molecule 分子electrolyte 电解质ion 离子anion 阴离子cation 阳离子electron 电子isotope 同位素isomer 同分异物现象polymer 聚合物symbol 复合radical 基structural formula 分子式valence, valency 价monovalent 单价bivalent 二价halogen 成盐元素bond 原子的聚合mixture 混合combination 合成作用compound 合成物alloy 合金organic chemistry 有机化学inorganic chemistry 无机化学derivative 衍生物series 系列acid 酸hydrochloric acid 盐酸sulphuric acid 硫酸nitric acid 硝酸aqua fortis 王水fatty acid 脂肪酸organic acid 有机酸hydrosulphuric acid 氢硫酸hydrogen sulfide 氢化硫alkali 碱,强碱ammonia 氨base 碱hydrate 水合物hydroxide 氢氧化物,羟化物hydracid 氢酸hydrocarbon 碳氢化合物,羟anhydride 酐alkaloid 生物碱aldehyde 醛oxide 氧化物phosphate 磷酸盐acetate 醋酸盐methane 甲烷,沼气butane 丁烷salt 盐potassium carbonate 碳酸钾soda 苏打sodium carbonate 碳酸钠caustic potash 苛性钾caustic soda 苛性钠ester 酯gel 凝胶体analysis 分解fractionation 分馏endothermic reaction 吸热反应exothermic reaction 放热反应precipitation 沉淀to precipitate 沉淀to distil, to distill 蒸馏distillation 蒸馏to calcine 煅烧to oxidize 氧化alkalinization 碱化to oxygenate, to oxidize 脱氧,氧化to neutralize 中和to hydrogenate 氢化to hydrate 水合,水化to dehydrate 脱水fermentation 发酵solution 溶解combustion 燃烧fusion, melting 熔解alkalinity 碱性isomerism, isomery 同分异物现象hydrolysis 水解electrolysis 电解electrode 电极anode 阳极,正极cathode 阴极,负极catalyst 催化剂catalysis 催化作用oxidization, oxidation 氧化reducer 还原剂dissolution 分解synthesis 合成reversible 可逆的。