宾语从句专项讲解及练习(有答案)

宾语从句专项讲解及练习（有答案）宾语从句一、基本概念定义：在句子中起宾语作用的从句叫做宾语从句。

二、宾语从句分类动词的宾语从句e.g.He asked whose handwriting was the best.介词的宾语从句e.g.It depends on whether it is going to rain.形容词的宾语从句,即系词+心理状态形容词+宾语e.g I am afraid that he can't finish the work.三、宾语从句用法详解1.宾语从句的语序宾语从句的语序应为陈述句的语序。

即主语+谓语的顺序。

如：I hear (that) physics isn’t easy.I think (that) you will like this school soon.Can you tell me how I can get to zoo?Please tell me when we’ll hav e the meeting.注意：在宾语从句中带有特殊疑问词但句序不变的句子：What’s the matter?What’s your trouble?What’s your problem?What’s up?What’s your name?典型例题1.Can you tell me ____?A .whom do we have to see B. whom we have to see2. The teacher asked the students ____.A. what they were doingB. what were they doing3. She wants to know____.A. where does he liveB. Where he lives4. Her father asked _____.A. who the tallest isB. who is the tallest5.Do you know ____?A. what is on the desk B . what on the desk is答案：BABBA2.宾语从句的时态1）. 若主句时态是一般现在时，宾语从句该用什么时态就用什么时态。

即从句可用所需任何时态，如：I don’t think (that) you are right. Can you tell me how I can get to the railwaystation?He says Mary is playing with the cat . He says Mary often plays with the cat.He says Mary will play with the cat. I think he left yesterday morning.2）. 如果主句的时态是一般过去时，宾语从句只能用相应的过去时态（一般过去时，过去进行时，过去将来时，过去完成时）。

例如：He asked what time it was.He told me that he was preparing for the sports meet.He asked if you had written to Peter.He said that he would go back to the U.S. soon.注意：直接引语变间接引语时态的变化：He said,“ Mary is playing with the cat.” →He said Mary was playing with the cat.He said, “he will go back to China soon.” →He said hewould go back to China soon3）. 如果宾语从句所陈述的是客观真理，其时态常用一般现在时，不受主句时态的限制。

例如：Our teacher said that January is the first month of the year.Scientists have proved that the earth turns around the sun.The teacher said, “the moon moves around the sun.”→The teacher said that the moon moves around the sun.He said, “light travels much faster than sound.”→He said light travels much faster than sound.【讲解】告诉学生，宾语从句的时态问题仍然只是时态的问题，跟宾语从句其实没啥关系，请不要把这个当作新的知识点来讲，请用时态的知识点来讲。

4）. 当主句为Could you (please) tell us-----?时，只表示语气，而不表示过去时态。

典型例题用所给词的适当形式填空1．He says that he _________ (read) now.2．Can you tell me if they _________ (finish) the work already？3．Dou you know where John ________(go) yesterday?4．My sister told me she _________ (be) free tomorrow.5．I wanted to know if you __________(like) the movie.6．The teacher told us the earth _________(go) around the sun.7．Could you tell me if there __________(be) a hospital near here?答案：is reading have finished went would be liked goes3.宾语从句的连接词1）、That 只起连接作用，在句子中不做句子成分，在口语中常被省略2）、If 和whether 起连接作用，不做句子成分。

（注意：与不定式连用；做介词的宾语；与or not 连用-----用whether）。

3）、疑问词who、what 、when、where 、whom 、whose 、why、how 、which在句子中既起连接作用，又做句子成分。

4）当主句为Could you (please) tell us-----?时，只表示语气，而不表示过去时态。

4..主句的谓语动词是think, believe, imagine, suppose, consider, expect, fancy, guess等,并且主句的主语是第一人称而且为一般现在时,从句的否定词一般要转移到主句上来,其反义疑问句一般与宾语从句一致.I think he isn’t a student. ×I don’t think he is a student. √I don’t think he is a student. is he?如果宾语从句中有某个含有否定意义的形容词或副词,其反义疑问句要用肯定形式.We find that he never listens to the teacher carefully, does he？典型例题1．I think he is a good teacher,_____________. （反意疑问句）I _________ think he ________good teacher.(将上句变否定句）2．I don’t know if he ________ ( come) tomorrowif he_______( come), I will have a party for him3．Do you know when Mary ____________(arrive) ？When she _____ (arrive), please tell me4．Can you tell me how I can get to the railway station?Can you tell me ____ _____ _____ _____the railway station?答案：isn’t he don’t is will come comes will arrive arrives how to get to5.宾语从句的句型转换1）. 陈述句变为that引导的宾语从句e.g. 1. He said, “You are younger than I ”. He said that I was younger than him.2. He says, “Tom is a good student ”. He says that Tom is a good student.2）. 一般疑问句变为if /whether引导的宾语从句（将普通的一般疑问句变成宾语从句if/whether连接，同时变成陈述句语序。

）e.g. 1. She said, “Do you often co me here to read newspaper? ”She said if (whether) I often came here to read newspaper2. “Will they go to visit the Great Wall?” he asked.He asked if (whether) they would go visit the Great Wall.3）. 特殊疑问句变为who, what, when等引导的宾语从句（将普通的特殊疑问句变成宾语从句时，从句的语序要由疑问句变成陈述句的语序。

）e.g. 1. He asked, “Where do you live?” He asked where I lived.2. “How can we get to the post-office?” he asked. He asked how they could get to the post-office.4）. 祈使句变为引导的宾语从句（将祈使句变为宾语从句时，用ask/tell/order sb (not) to do sth等转述。

）e.g. 1. M r Green said to his son, “Open the door.” Mr Greentold his son to open the door.2. The police shouted to him, “Hands up.” The police ordered him to put up his hands.注意：（一）当主句的谓语动词为一般过去时时，直接引语变为间接引语的时态变化如下：2）人称的变化(1). 直接引语中第一人称在间接引语中应与主句的主语人称一致。