语法专题十名词性从句
The fact that they are talking about is very important to us. 他们在谈论的事实对我们是很重要的。(定语从句) 2.同位语从句说明的中心词往往是一部分抽象名词,而定语从句修饰 的名词则不受限制。 3.同位语从句是名词性的,它是对其前面的名词的内容作进一步的解 释,从句和名词指的是同一事物。而定语从句修饰先行词,两者之间是修饰 与被修饰的关系。
1.介词之后的宾语从句,一般不用 which 或 if 连接,要用 what 或 whether。 He wants to tell me about what he saw in Beijing. 他想告诉我他在北京看到的一切。 2.that 很少在介词的后面引导宾语从句,只在 except,but,besides 和 in 之后才用。
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The suggestion that we should learn English well is valuable to us. 我们应该学好英语这个建议对我们是有价值的。(同位语从句) The suggestion that our English teacher gave is valuable to us. 我们英语老师给的建议对我们是很有价值的。 4.when,why 和 where 引导同位语从句时,它们在句子中充当句子成分, 但前面没有与其意义相当的先行词。引导定语从句的 when,why 和 where 是关系副词,在它们的前面分别有表示时间、原因和地点的名词作先行词。 He can’t answer the question where Tom was born. 他回答不出汤姆是在哪里出生的。(同位语从句) Beijing is the place where Tom was born. 北京是汤姆的出生地。(定语从句)
two thousand patients have taken it.
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语法专题十
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8.It never occurred to me th0at you could succeed in persuading him to change
his mind.
What we need are useful books. 我们所需要的是有用的书。
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二、宾语从句
在句子中充当宾语成分的从句叫宾语从句。引导宾语从句的关联词有: 连词 that,whether,if;连接代词 who,whose,what,which;连接副词 when,where,why,how 等。复习宾语从句时应特别注意以下问题:
He said (that)the book was interesting and that he wanted to buy it at
once. 他说这本书很有趣,他想立刻买它。 4.在 think,believe,imagine,suppose 等动词引起的否定性宾语从句中,若
主语是第一人称,要把从句中的否定词转移到主句中去,这种现象叫否定转 移。这种句式变反意疑问句时,附加部分应与从句一致,并且要注意否定转 移。
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Ⅰ.在空格处填入适当的连词
1.We haven’t discussed yet wh0ere we are going to place our new furniture. 2.How much one enjoys himself in travelling depends largely on who/w0 hom he goes with,whether his friends or relatives.
She knew nothing about his journey except that he was likely to be away for five weeks.
关于他的旅行她不清楚,只知道他大概要离开五周。
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3.引导宾语从句的连接词 that 一般可以省略,但是及物动词后跟两个 (或两个以上)的宾语从句时,只能省略第一个宾语从句中的连词 that,其余的 均不能省略。
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It is known to all that light travels in straight lines. =That light travels in straight lines is known to all. 众所周知,光以直线传播。 2.连接代词 what,which,who,whom,whose,whatever,whoever,whichever 等。 What we can’t get seems better than what we have. 我们得不到的东西似乎比已得到的要好。 Whoever leaves the room last should turn off the lights. 最后离开房间的人应当关灯。
His delay is due to the fact that the car went wrong halfway. 由于车半路出了问题,所以他把时间耽搁了。 The news that our team has won the match is true. 我们队赢了比赛的消息是真的。
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His proposal is that we (should)put on a play at the English evening. 他的建议是我们在英语晚会上演一场戏剧。
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四、同位语从句
(一)同位语从句跟在某些名词后面,进一步说明其前面的名词的具体 内容。这类名词常见的 有:idea,news,fact,promise,answer,belief,condition,doubt,fear,hope,problem,pro of,question,reply,report,suggestion,thought,truth 等。
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5.带复合宾语的句子中,that 引导的真正宾语从句常移到宾语补足语之 后,而用 it 作形式宾语。
I think it wrong that he told a lie to his parents. 我认为他对父母撒谎是不对的。 6.在表示“建议、要求、命令”等动词之后的宾语从句中,谓语动词常用 “(should+)动词原形”,表示虚拟语气。这类动词有 suggest,request,demand,order,command,prefer 等。 She demands that the children (should)obey her. 她要求孩子们听话。 7.宾语从句的语序必须是陈述语序。即使是 whether,if 或其他疑问词 引导,也用陈述语序;其主从句时态要保持一致。
This is where our problem lies. 这就是我们的问题所在。
It looks as if it is going to rain.从句
语法专题十
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特别提醒表示“要求、命令、建议”等名词后的表语从句中, 谓语动词用(should+)动词原形。这类名词有 proposal,suggestion,order,advice,desire,requirement 等。
3.Part of the reason Charles Dickens loved his own novel,David Copperfield,was th0at it was rather closely modeled on his own life. 4.Wh0at some people regard as a drawback is seen as a plus by many others. 5.As a new graduate,he doesn’t know wh0at it takes to start a business here. 6.—I prefer shutting myself in and listening to music all day on Sundays. —That’s wh0ere I don’t agree.You should have a more active life. 7.It is uncertain w0hat side effect the medicine will bring about,although about
I don’t think (that)he is a student. 我认为他不是学生。
I don’t imagine that he has lived alone on the deserted island for three
years,has he? 我认为他没有独自在那个荒岛上生活了三年,是吗?
That he suddenly fell ill last month surprised us. =It surprised us that he suddenly fell ill last month. 上个月他突然生病使我们很吃惊。
语法专题十名词性从句
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0 we are going to place our new furniture. 1.We haven’t discussed yet where 0 2.How much one enjoys himself in travelling depends largely on who/whom he goes with,whether his friends or relatives. 3.Part of the reason Charles Dickens loved his own novel,David 0 it was rather closely modeled on his own life. Copperfield,was that 0 some people regard as a drawback is seen as a plus by many others. 4.What 0 it takes to start a business here. 5.As a new graduate,he doesn’t know what 6.—I prefer shutting myself in and listening to music all day on Sundays. 0 I don’t agree.You should have a more active life. —That’s where 0 side effect the medicine will bring about,although about 7.It is uncertain what two thousand patients have taken it.
高中英语语法名词性从句专题讲解
高中英语语法名词性从句专题讲解一、that 从句1、主语从句(1)that从句作主语时,常用it作形式主语,常见的句型有:It+be+形容词(obvious, true, natural,surprising,good,wonderful,funny,possible,likely,certain,prob able,etc.)+that从句It+be+名词词组(no wonder, an honor, a good thing, a pity, no surprise, etc.)+that从句It+be+过去分词(said, reported, thought, expected, decided, announced, arranged, etc.)+that从句(2)that可以省略,但that从句位于句首时,that不能省略。
2、宾语从句(1)常见的可以接that从句作宾语的动词有see, say, know, imagine, discover, believe, tell, show, think, consider, be sure, be afraid等。
在可以接复合宾语的动词之后,如think, make, consider等,可以用it作形式宾语。
(2)That从句一般不能充当介词宾语,偶尔可作except, in 的宾语。
3、表语从句(that不可省略)4、同位语从句连词that引导同位语从句时,应在某些抽象名词之后,如:fact, hope, desire, thought, suggestion, idea, news, problem, possibility等,对前面的名词起补充说明的作用,that在从句中不担当任何成分,不能省略。
二、whether/if从句1、在表语从句和同位语从句中只能用whether不能用if;当主语从句放于句首时,只能用whether不用if;当it作形式主语,主语从句放在句末时用whether或if均可;discuss后引导宾语从句时,必须用whether。
高考英语语法知识网络 专题10名词性从句
who
what
which
That’s just what I want.这正是我想要的。
The question is who(which of you) will be the next speaker.
问题是谁(你们哪一位)接着发言。
连接副词
when
where
why
how
This is where our problem lies.
她总是在想怎样能把工作做好。
She will give whoever needs help a warm support.
凡需要帮助的人,她都会给予热情的支持。
宾语从句作及物动词宾语也可做介词的宾语。
注1
如果宾语从句后面有宾语补足语,则用it作形式宾语,将从句后置。
We must makeitclear that anyone who breaks the law will be punished.
(原创精品)2013年普通高考英语科语法知识网络
专题10 名词性从句
种类
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例句
说明
主
语
从
句
连
词
that
That he will come and help you is certain.
他来帮助你是确实无疑的。
that在引导主语从句时不可省去
whether
Whether there is life on the moon is an interesting question.
我们决不能认为自己什么都好,别人什么都不好。
that在句中不担任任何成分,在口语或非正式的文体中常被省去,但如从句是并列句时,第二个分句前的that不可省。
高考英语易错语法点30题专题10 名词性从句(解析版)
高考语法复习10名词性从句【走进高考】1.【2018·北京】Without his support, we wouldn’t be _________ we are now.A. howB. whenC. whereD. why【答案】C【解析】考查名词性从句。
句意:没有他的支持,我们是不会在现在这个位置的。
how表方式,when表时间,where表地点,why表原因。
“_________ we are now”是表语从句,结合句子的意思可知,该处指我们所处的位置,故该从句应用where引导。
C选项正确。
2.【2018·北京】This is _________ my father has taught me—to always face difficulties and hope for the best.A. howB. whichC. thatD. what【答案】D【解析】考查名词性从句。
句意:这是我父亲教我的——总是要面对困难,抱最大的希望。
"________ my father has taught me"是表语从句,该空在从句做teach的宾语,且表示“父亲教我的道理”,故该从句应用what引导。
D选项正确。
引导名词性从句时,how表示方式,意为“如何”;which意为“哪一个”,that在此只起引导从句的作用,不做成分。
3.【2018·天津】The gold medal will be awarded to ___________ wins the first place in the bicycle race.A. whomeverB. whereverC. whoeverD. whatever【答案】C【解析】考查名词性从句连接词。
句意:无论谁获得自行车比赛第一名,金牌将授予他。
分析句子可知,宾语从句中缺少主语,故用whoever,表示“任何人,无论谁”。
高考必考语法精讲精练专题十:名词性从句(含解析)
高考必考语法精讲精练语法专题十:名词性从句名词性从句是比较重要的语法项目。
《2017年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试大纲》附录语法项目表中对名词性从句列了四项:主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。
全国卷新课标Ⅰ对名词性从句的考查一般在语法填空和短文改错中,主要考查从句引导词的用法。
2015年高考全国卷Ⅰ没有考查名词性从句。
2016年高考全国卷Ⅰ第71题(短文改错)考查了宾语从句的引导词,My uncle is the owner of a restaurant close to that I live.本句中须将that改为where。
2017年高考全国卷Ⅰ没有考查了名词性从句。
在复合句中起名词作用的从句叫做名词性从句。
名词可以充当句子的主语、宾语、表语和同位语,因此,名词性从句包括主语从句,宾语从句,表语从句和同位语从句。
①What was most important to her was her family.(主语从句)②I don’t know what you want to say.(宾语从句)③The good news is that we have won the game.(表语从句)④The news that we have won the game is true.(同位语从句)引导名词性从句的关联词:从属连词that, because疑问代词who, whom, whose, which, what,whether,if疑问副词when, where ,why,how,缩合连接词whatever,whoever,whomever,whichever,h owever, whenever,wherever关联短语as if ,as though注意:连词that在引导名词性从句时无词义,不充当句子成分,只起连接作用,在主语从句、表语从句和同位语从句中不能省略,在引导宾语从句时,口语或非正式的文体中常被省去;疑问代词、疑问副词、缩合连接词以及关联短语在句中既保留自己的含义又起连接作用,在从句中充当成分。
备战2021高考英语热点题型和提分秘籍 专题10 名词性从句(解析版) Word版含解析
专题十名词性从句【高频考点解读】考查名词性从句中引导词的选用,区分what,that,wh-ever,whether,if等连接代词和连接副词的语义功能和语法功能。
尤其是把名词性从句与定语从句放在一起进行综合考查,增加了试题的难度。
【热点题型】题型一考查主语从句及连接词的辨析例1、It is by no means clear the president can do to end the strike.A.how B.which C.that D.what【提分秘籍】that与what的区分1.引导名词性从句时,that没有意义,在从句中不作任何成分。
因此当从句意义完整,不缺任何成分时,往往用that,that引导主语从句、同位语从句、表语从句时不行省略。
2.what引导名词性从句时,意为“什么”(有时候可以不译出来)在从句中作主语、表语或宾语,从不行省略。
【举一反三】It suddenly occurred to him he had left his keys in the office.A.whether B.whereC.which D.that【热点题型】题型二考查宾语从句及连接词的辨析例2、We promise attends the party a chance to have a photo taken with the movie star.A.who B.whomC.whoever D.whomever 【提分秘籍】“疑问词”与“疑问词+ever”的区分“疑问词+ever”可以引导名词性从句,含有“无论……”之意,用法与“疑问词”一样,只是语气比疑问词本身的语气猛烈得多。
“疑问词+ever”与“no matter+疑问词”的区分①“疑问词+ever”引导名词性从句时,whoever=anyone who,whatever=anything that等。
如:Whoever(=Anyone who)comes is welcome.②“no matter+疑问词”只能用来引导状语从句。
高三英语语法复习专题名词性从句(共52张PPT)
Subject 主语
Predicate 谓语
Object 宾语
宾语从句
The question is when we can return to school.
Subject 主语
Link verb 系动词
表语从句
Predicative 表语
Our best wishes are that we can defeat the COVID-19 as soon as possible.
相关概念 名词在从句中可以做什么成分?
名词在从句中主要做 主语 宾语 表语 同位语
名词性从句 : 主语从句, 表语从句, 宾语从句, 同位语从句
起名词性作用的从句,叫名词性从句。 换言之,在英语的句子结构中,本来该由名词充当的主语、宾语、 表语和同位语部分,换由一个句子来充当,这样的句子就是名词性 从句。
基本结构:简单句+并列连词+简单句。
并列连词通常为:and, but, or, so,not only…but also, neither…nor; as well as 等。
并列句:简单句+并列连词+简单句
e.g.
I___a_m____r__e_a__l_l_y___f_o__n__d___o__f__r__e_a__d__i_n__g___b__o__o__k__s_, and t_h__a__t__i_s__w___h__y___m___y___f_a__v__o__r_i_t_e___ s__u__b__j_e__c_t__i_s___l_i_t_e__r_a__t_u__r_e__. He wanted to take the English class, but he couldn’t afford the time.
高考英语语法总复习名词性从句
• 一、名词性从句的种类
• 名词性从句是起名词作用的从句,包括主语从句、宾语从 句、表语从句、同位语从句。
请思考:
1、English is very useful for us . 2、We need to master English well. 3、The subject I am interested in is English. 4、He want to learn the language , English .
• that引导主语从句时,常用it作形式主语,常 见句型有: • ①it+be+形容词(如: obvious,true,natural, surprising,good,wonderful,funny,possible, likely,certain,probable,evident,clear, apparent等)+that从句。 • It is evident that lung cancer is closely related to smoking.
注意:
1. 在口语或非正式问题中,引导宾语从句的that常省略,但 在下面情况下,that 一般不省略 (1) 当一个句子有两个或多个并列的宾语从句时,除第一 个从句的that外,都不可省略。 He told me (that) the power would be cut off and that I should get out. (2)形式宾语it后的that及介词后面的that不能省略。 2. 如果主句主语是第一人称,谓语动词是think ,consider, believe, suppose, expect, fancy, guess, imagine等,后面的宾语 从句含有否定意义,否定转移。 I don't think this dress fits you well. 我认为这件衣服不适合你。
2015年高考语法专题攻克之10名词性从句
高考语法专题攻克Ⅹ、名词性从句一、名词性从句引导词的区别引导词的选择最可靠的办法就是根据它们的意思和从句所缺的成分进行选择。
如:who意为“谁”,在从句中可以作主语、表语或宾语;whom意为“谁”,在从句中作宾语,并且一般可以用who来取代,但在介词后面时只能用whom;why意为“为什么”,在从句中作原因状语;which意为“哪一个”,在从句中作定语;where意为“哪里”,在从句中作地点状语;how意为“怎样,多么……”,在从句中用来作状语;whose意为“谁的”,在从句中作定语;when意为“什么时候”,在从句中作时间状语。
1、引导词what与that的用法区别两者均可引导主语从句、表语从句和宾语从句。
区别在于what除了起连接作用外,还在句中用作主语、宾语或表语,表示“……的人/ 物”或“所……的”;而that仅起连接作用,本身没有实际意义,在从句中也不充当任何句子。
一般在从句中不缺少主语、表语或宾语时使用,引导宾语从句时有时可以省略。
引导主语从句时,常用it作形式主语,而将that引导的主语从句放在句子的后面,that不可省。
如:○1What we need at present is patience.(主语从句,what在从句中作宾语,不可省略)○2What is needed for you is determination and courage.(主语从句,what在从句中作主语,不可省略)○3I didn’t know (that) he was late for school again this morning.(宾语从句,that在从句中不作成分,可以省略)试比较:What he said made me angry.That he said so made me angry.【分析】两个句子都是主语从句,第一个句子中what作said的宾语;第二个句子中that不作成分,但不可省略。
中考 高考 英语语法复习表格专题十 名词性从句(记忆版)(打印版)
Chinais not what it used to be.
◆◆从句采用陈述语序。
宾语从句
在复合句中做宾语,相当于名词
He asked me which team could win the game.
同位语从句
放在名词之后(news, problem, idea, suggestion, advice, thought, hope, fact等)表明其具体内容
十.名词性从句
种类
作用
常用关联词
例句
主语从句
在复合句中做主语,相当于名词,一般置谓语之前,也可用it作形式主语,主语从句放主句之后
that, whether, if, as if, as though, who, whose, which, how, when, where, why, what, whatever, whoever, wherever
Whoever comes here will be welcoபைடு நூலகம்e.
What impressed me mostwas their kindness.
What he saidwas beyond me.
表语从句
在复合句中做表语,相当于名词,位于系动词之后
The problem is that we lack fund.
The newsthat we won the matchwas exciting.(that在从句中不做成分。)
The newsthat he broughtwas exciting.
(前句是同位语从句,后者是定语从句)
注意:名词性从句中that引导陈述句,不做成分;whether/if引导一般问句,表示是否,不做从句的成分;what不仅引导名词性从句,且在从句中做主语、宾语或表语。其他的w-/h-在名词性从句中做状语或定语。◆◆
