memo_writing备忘录PPT课件

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扎根理论研究方法的步骤ppt

扎根理论研究方法的步骤ppt
题目:隐喻墨西哥HIV阳性妇女[A metaphor for HIV-positive Mexico and Puerto Rican women]
研究问题 1 什么样的健康寻求行为具体表现在墨西哥
HIV阳性妇女的日常生活当中? 2 墨西哥HIV阳性妇女如何将传统实践与她们
的民间照护活动结合在一起?
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高级备忘录
❖ 用你的问题(topic)对数据进行跟踪和分类。 ❖ 描述你的类属实怎样出现和变化的。 ❖ 发现哪些信念和假设支持你的类属。 ❖ 说一说从不同的立足点出发,这个问题看起
来和感觉起来各是什么样的。 ❖ 对它进行讨论。 ❖ 进行比较:
❖ 比较不同的人(比如他们的信仰、处境、行动、 言论或经验)。
❖ 比较来自一个人不同时间点的数据。 ❖ 比较数据中的类属和其他的类属。 ❖ 比较次级类属和一般类属哪个更合适。 ❖ 比较一个一般类属中的次级类属。 ❖ 比较概念或概念性类属。 ❖ 拿你的分析和已有文献或研究领域的主导观念进
行比较。 ❖ 完善你的分析结果。
Adapted from Kathy Charmaz(1995).”Grounded Theory,” pp. 27-49 in Jonathan A. Smith, Rom Harre, & Luk Van Langenhove (eds), Rethinking Methods in Psychology. Landon: Sage
用于提醒研究者下一步该做的抽样、该问的问 题、可做的比较,及后续追踪方向的文件。
图表的类型
逻辑图表(logic diagrams) 呈现范畴及其副范畴间逻辑关系演进的
图表。 统合性图表(integrative diagrams)

《英语写作》课件之“memo”

《英语写作》课件之“memo”

To: From: Subject: Date: July 25, 2010
• Dear sir, • ……………………………………………………… ……………………………………………………… ………….. • Yours sincerely, • John Smith
Write a Memo
• Suppose you are John Smith and you are going to write a memo to your office supervisor Mr. Tom Brown. In the memo you should tell him that your office is badly in need of an English typewriter and state the reason clearly. You also hope him to solve the problem soon.
• • • •
To: Committee Members From: John Smith Subject: Meeting Date: February 25, 2010
• Dear Committee Members, • In order to strengthen Sino-foreign cooperation, a symposium will be held at the conference hall on February 28, at 9:00 a.m. Please prepare for it and be there on time. • Yours sincerely,
content memo workrelated
reader

英文Memo备忘录写作指南及范例PPT课件

英文Memo备忘录写作指南及范例PPT课件
第8页/共15页
Example 2:
• Memo • To: All clerks • From: Henry (Director of Administrative
Office, Bank of Construction) • Date: April 20, 2011 • Subject: Office Hour Adjustment
第5页/共15页
• 内容:本部门已制定2006年第三季度的销售计划。 将于2006年6月19日下午1:00在本公司会议室开 会,讨论这一计划。并希望各部门经理前来参加。 如不能到会,请提前告知本部门秘书。
• Our department has made the sales plan of the 3rd quarter in 2006. To discuss the plan, a meeting will be held in the Conference Room of our corporation at 1:00 p.m on June 19th, 2006.
Thank you!
第14页/共15页
谢谢您的观看!
第15页/共15页
第7页/共15页
Example 2:

假设你是建设银行办公室主任Henry, 请你给银行全体
员工写一则备忘录,时间是2011年4月20,通知银行办公
时间的调整情况:从五月一日起,银行本部上午上班时间不
变,下午改为2:00到6:00。各储蓄所营业时间仍然为8:
00到5:00。望各自遵照执行,如有新的情况,及时与办公
office is in need of a new computer to
handle the ever-increasing mails from

Memo(外语学院老师原创完美英文写作课件一)(共76张)

Memo(外语学院老师原创完美英文写作课件一)(共76张)

any effect on the current company-based pension
scheme. Staff with this policy are welcome to attend.
第2页,共76页。
Reference answer: 1. 1) All staff.
2) Any staff with a company-based pension scheme. 3) There have been changes in the government pension laws.
Memorandum
Date:
(double-spaced)
To:
(double-spaced) Format of Memo
From:
(double-spaced)
Subject:
(double-spaced)
……………………………………………….
(single-spaced)
……………………………………………….
……………………………………………. ……………………………………
Sincerely yours,
Complimentary closing
J amesW ang
Signiture
James Wang
Enclosure
Enclosure
13
第13页,共76页。
Differences: Memos and Letters
9
第9页,共76页。
Similarities: Memos and Letters
Memos resemble business letters in that they

备忘录(memo) PPT课件

备忘录(memo) PPT课件

her fourth year with SET Branch Company.
2. Donald Bush from the R&D Department. He is in his
second year with our headquarters.
They will be arriving in June 30. please make
目了然; 6. body:在以上书端内容下空一两行写正文(body),语
言简要明了,表达清楚;正文部分可免去称呼和客套语. 7. Reference Initials:有时在正文下空一行处需写上经手人
姓名或姓名首字母;该部分可省略. 8. 有些备忘录如需留副本,可加上cc.( carbon copy,副
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Memorandum To: General Manager From: Wang Gang, Manager of Rongxin Ex-im Company Date: Sept.3 Re.: Delivery of Goods
Mr. Wang Gang called at 9 a.m. He says they haven’t received our goods so far. We should contact him immediately if we haven’t delivered the goods yet. Otherwise they would have to cancel the order.
arrangement for these two newcomers to have their own
office. Let me know if you need more details.

备忘录(memo)页PPT文档

备忘录(memo)页PPT文档

(d o u b le -s p a c e d )
……………………………………………….
(s in g le -s p a c e d )
……………………………………………….
(s in g le -s p a c e d )
… … … … … … … … … … … ..
Te x t o f the m e m o
Brief introduction 备忘录是一种非正式的公文函件,通常用于在
公司内部快速、有效地传递关于人事任免、会议 通知、公司政策等方面的信息,是公司内部最普 通的书面交流形式。备忘录一般由日期、收件人、 发件人、事由和正文组成,有时也会包括一般书 信里常见的称呼语、结尾敬语和签名,但多数情 况下省略不用。备忘录一般简洁短小,结构清晰、 阅读方便、传递迅速。
头;
3. To:收件人姓名、职务等,可以免写称谓; 4. From:发件人姓名、职务等,免称谓; 5. Subject/ Re.:事由/主题,简要概括征文内容,使收件人一目
了然;
6. body:在以上书端内容下空一两行写正文(body),语言 简要明了,表达清楚;正文部分可免去称呼和客套语.
7. Reference Initials:有时在正文下空一行处需写上经手人姓 名或姓名首字母;该部分可省略.
To:
(d o u b le -s p a c e d )
F ro m : (d o u b le -s p a c e d ) S u b je c t:
T h e o rd e r o f th e s e ite m s m a y in fre q u e n tly v a ry.
(d o u b le -s p a c e d )

法律备忘录写作-legal-memo-writing-0829培训课件

法律备忘录写作-legal-memo-writing-0829培训课件

法律备忘录写作大纲1.什么是“IRAC”方法?2.备忘录的目的/功能3.备忘录的结构4.备忘录的写作技巧1. 什么是“IRAC”方法?“IRAC”是一种分析法律问题并组织语言回答法律问题的方法•问题(Issue)--亟待解决的问题•规则(Rule)--法规或判例法中的法律规则•运用(Application)--将上述法律规则运用到事实中•结论(Conclusion)--得出结论3●“IRAC”方法用于备忘录“法律问题的简要回答”和“法律分析”部分的书写●“IRAC”也常用于书写备忘录其他部分2. 备忘录的目的/功能●备忘录用于:•解答法律问题•解决法律纠纷•预测事件的结果●备忘录一般写给律师或者客户●备忘录•具有预测性(能够预测事件的结果)•具有说服力(能够对他人产生影响或提供建议)3. 备忘录的结构●标题(包括金杜律师事务所的logo)●提出问题●简要回答●事实陈述●法律分析●结论(可包含法律建议)(1)标题•日期Date:[日期]•发送至To:[需要备忘录的律师或客户的名字]•来自From:[你自己的名字]•抄送CC:[上级合伙人或资深律师]•编号Matter number:[如有涉及]•主题Subject:[必须简短得概括备忘录的主要内容]•如有必要,须在备忘录上标注“律师-客户保密文件(Attorney-Client Privileged)”、“律师工作成果(Attorney Work Product)”或者“机密的(Confidential)”•标题(范本)备忘录(Memorandum) 金杜律师事务所日期Date: 2013年8月6日发送至To:乔治布什来自From:奥巴马抄送CC:希拉里克林顿主题Subject:依据中国法律约翰史密斯所应承担的忠实勤勉义务(编号:8800568)(2)提出问题•说明需要分析的问题•对于每个单独的问题,需要用单独句子说明•编号列表/项目符号/短句•起始句一般有以下几种:“就你方委托我们分析…法律问题的事宜”“就你方委托我方关于…问题提供法律意见的事宜”“就你方委托我们回答下列问题的事宜…”“根据你方的要求/在年月日的邮件内容…”•选择列出法律问题的合适顺序•“提出法律问题”部分应包含法律和事实的内容•提出问题(范本)提出问题贵司要求我们分析,作为通用汽车有限公司(以下称“通用汽车公司“)的高级行政管理人员,约翰史密斯是否需要对公司承担忠实勤勉的义务?如果史密斯先生需要承担该义务,贵司需要我们进一步分析,史密斯先生利用公司商业机会成立私人公司的行为是否违反忠实勤勉的义务?列出问题a.约翰史密斯作为通用汽车公司的高级行政管理人员,是否需要对通用汽车公司承担忠实勤勉的义务?b.史密斯先生利用通用汽车公司的商业机会成立私人公司的行为是否违反其对通用汽车公司的忠实勤勉义务?(3)简要回答(在备忘录中第一次使用“IRAC”方法)•第一步:陈述结论•第二步:说明相关的法律规则(法律或判例法)•第三步:概括得出该结论的理由•第四步:再次陈述结论•相关技巧:a. 语言简短并切中要点;b. 3句至5句话为宜;c. 篇幅最多占1/3的页面;d. 在书写备忘录时,建议在最后书写该部分的内容;•答案须准确定性:在回答法律问题时,一般不要给出绝对的回答(如,一定是或者一定不是),也不要给出“不知道”或“不清楚”这样的答案。

Memo备忘录的写法培训课件

Memo备忘录的写法培训课件
We need an update on those employees in your department who are participating in the company stock option plan.
Please list the names of those who are currently participating and their years of service. Also list anyone who will be eligible for participation next year.
Format
Memorandum
To : Iris Anderson, Trust Officer From : Sam Jones, Payroll Accounting Date : 23 October 2009 Subject : Request for Update on Stock Option Participation
you to” before giving instructions.
Avoid over-politeness
Some polite expressions commonly used in business letters will find no place in memos. I would appreciate it very much if you could have the forms filled in and returned to the Administration Office by 12 June 2010. Please be sure to have the forms filled in and returned to the Administration Office by 12 June 2010.
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Discussion segment:
facts and figures, separated into paragraphs, each dealing with a particular theme; points are logically presented.
描述背景情况、任务、问题: 就重点进行更多的说明。根据备忘 录的目的:可以解释为什么有这些变化(背景情况),或者知道同 事如何行动(任务), 或详细说明本备忘录要提出的问题(问 题)。
Closing segment: an action statement, requiring action from recipient, or informing
action to take.
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Guidelines for reference: A memo
also follows the ‘3Cs’ rule (conciseness, clarity and correctness) or possibly one more, ‘courtesy’
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Functions of a memo
A memo may communicate information, explain new procedures, announce changes, make requests, confirm results, or offer advice.
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Heading (page 2)
To—identify the receiver of the memo;
From—identify the sender of the memo;
Date—serves as a record of when information is forwarded, requests are made, etc.;
These forms vary from company to company, but most include spaces for the receiver’s name, the sender’s name, the date, and the subject.
The preprinted words ”to, from, date, and subject” indicate there பைடு நூலகம்he appropriate information is to be filled in.
Copying Machines
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Body
The body of the memo carries a clearly structured message, which is often written in short numbered paragraphs. The body, including the subject sentence, should be blocked to the left margin. The body should be written in plain English to present readers with an objective and factual description of the topic.
(Memos are rarely sent to other organizations.)
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The memo Format
Heading Body
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Heading (page 1)
To save time and effort—in writing, typing, and reading—most memos are written on preprinted forms.
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Format
Body —— msg. Opening segment Discussing segment Closing segment
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Format
Body:
Opening segment:
直接写出重点,并用一两句子把主要 信息写出来。
Different memo formats have been causing confusion between offices and partners. Starting on Monday, December 13th, all memos should be written using the following standard format.
Memo Writing & Short Report
2020/10/13
Jessica
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What is a memo?
The term “memo” (short for memorandum) is used to describe the standard format of internal communication, which an organization uses for its own staff.
Subject—indicate the topic of the memo.
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Sample heading
To: All Staff From: Allen Smith, Administrative Officer Date: November 28, 2005 Subject: Operating Instructions for New
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memorandum
a Latin word which means “thing to be remembered.” Here it refers to a written record or communication, as in a business office. 备忘录
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