Chapter16Jazz

1923.
They define what jazz was at that time.
“essence of jazz” as a way of singing and playing—with many “intangible” features.
What are some of the “tangible” features of jazz?
black:
▪ playing on Chicago’s South Side ▪ King Oliver’s Creole Jazz Band
▪ with Louis Armstrong ▪ fluid, relaxed style
What was the home of jazz in the 1920s?
What are the dates associated with the beginning and ending of the swing era?
What elements contributed to the emergence and popularity of big band jazz during the swing era?
Chapter 16 - Jazz
Five chronological sections: #1. The New Orleans Style: The Traditional Jazz of the Early
Recordings (1920’s) The most representative early jazz recordings date from about
▪ wordless improvising of complete chort”
representative example of Louis Armstrong’s improvisation skills
Listen for
▪ melodic inventiveness of cornet solos ▪ clarinet solo ▪ scat singing
Who has been deemed the first great improvising soloist in jazz?
Louis Armstrong (1898-1971)
▪ defined the “hot” style of playing in the 1920s ▪ early master of “swing” ▪ model solos of great influence on others to follow ▪ “scat” singing
new performance venues: dance halls and ballrooms recordings sold well Radio performances sold recordings and advertised the
band’s music. Movies featured jazz bands.
#2. Dissemination and Change: Before the Swing Era
Chicago Two jazz styles in Chicago in the 1920s?
white and black white:
▪ Original Dixieland Jazz Band ▪ New Orleans Rhythm Kings ▪ Bix Beiderbecke (1903-31)
front-line, or melody (like the right hand in ragtime piano) rhythm section (like the left hand in ragtime piano)
Improvisation
Perhaps the most vital ingredient in jazz is improvisation.
number of players; about twice the size of a New Orleans-style band
new trend toward arranged jazz improvised solos remain
#3. The Swing Era and the Big Bands
nightclub scene During Prohibition many clubs were run by the
“mob.”
Many of the jazz musicians from New Orleans went from Chicago to New York.
What elements made the big band different from the traditional ensembles of early jazz?
accent phrasing tone color the “bending” of pitch and rhythm improvisation
“Dippermouth Blues”
Form and Harmony Perhaps the most common formal harmonic plan is the blues. performed by King Oliver’s Creole Jazz Band and recorded in
Chicago, 1923.
Listen for
▪ twelve-bar blues form ▪ the improvised variations within each chorus.
Instrumentation What is the instrumentation of “Dippermouth Blues”? Texture