名词性从句PPT_英语

什么叫名词性从句？
• 在句子中起名词作用的句子叫名词从句 (Noun Clauses）
• 名词从句的功能相当于名词词组, 它在 复合句中能担任主语、宾语、表语、同 位语等
• 因此根据它在句中不同的语法功能，名 词从句又可分别称为主语从句、宾语从 句、表语从句和同位语从句
What are noun clauses? His story is interesting. What he said is interesting. I heard his story. I heard what he said. I listen to his story. I listen to what he said. This is his story. This is what he said. The idea of going there is good. The idea that we go there is good.
whether与if的辨用
• 表“是否”时，在下列情况下用whether。
• a. 主语从句 b. 表语从句 c. 同位语从句 d. 介词后的宾语从句 e.后接动词不定式 (whether to do sth.) f .whether or not 连在一起引导宾语从 句时不用if
Practice time
❖I’m sorry (that) I don’t know . ❖We’re sure (that) our team will win . ❖I’m afraid (that) he won’t pass the exam .
2. 当宾语从句是一般疑问句时，由连词whether 或if引导（口语中常用if），因为if/whether翻 译成：“是否”，具有一定的意义，所以不 能省略
me? →
Could you tell me when he bought this new bike?
6.My question is this: where will the lecture be given? → My question is where the lecture will be given.
if / whether
1. I asked her _i_f_/_w__h_e_th_e_r she had a bike.
3. We’re worried about ________ he is
safe.
whether
4. I don’t know ___________ he is well
❖Do you know what he said just now ? ❖ I don’t remember when we arrived . ❖ I asked him where I could get so much money . ❖ Please tell me who (whom) we have to see . ❖ Do you know what time the plane leaves ?
句子结构： 主句 +连词（引导词）+ 宾语从句
一、连词（引导词） 1. 当宾语从句是陈述句时（包括肯定句和
否定句），连词由that引导，因为that在从 句中不作任何成分，也没有任何具体意思， 因此在口语或非正式文体中常省略
❖She says (that) she won’t take part in the sports meeting next Sunday. ❖Jim thought (that) the train was like a big moving party.
Point out the function of each noun in the following sentences:
subject
object
1.The world loves nature.
subject
predicative
2.Knowledge is power .
subject apposition
or not.
whether /if
5. I don’t know ________ or not he is
well.
whether
8. I don’t know _______ to go.
whether
3. 当宾语从句是特殊疑问句时，由连接代 词（what, who, whom, which, whose）或连 接副词（when, where, how, why）引导， 因为连接代词或连接副词在从句中担任一 定的句子成分，具有一hey are good doctors. He told us. → He told us that they were good doctors.
• 2. He hadn’t said anything at the meeting. The fact surprised us.→ The fact that he hadn’t said anything at the meeting surprised us.
总结：当从句原来是陈述句时，变 成名词性从句用that引导。
3.Does your sister get up early? Do you know? →
Do you know if/ whether your sister gets up early?
4.Do animals have the same senses as humans? I often wonder. →
{I don’t like his job.
宾语 I don’t like what he does every day.
{I don’t know about the man, Mr. White.
同位语 I don’t know about the fact that he is Mr.White.
连词: that / whether / as if(though);
连接代词: what / who/ which / whose / whatever / whoever / whomever / whichever，
连接副词: where / when / why / how / wherever / whenever。
• 2.宾语从句中的连接词that在以下三种情况 下不能省略：
• （1）当that 从句与另一名词性从句并列作 宾语时，第二个that不能省；
• （2）当that作介词宾语时，that不可省掉。 • （3）用it做形式宾语的宾语从句
• Everyone knew what happened and that she was worried.
I often wonder if/ whether animals have the same senses as humans.
总结：当从句原来是一般疑问句时， 变成名词性从句用if或whether引导。
5.When did he buy this new bike? Could you tell
bus to run that far.
Predicative clause
4. When we will start is not clear. Subject clause 5. I had no idea that you were her friend.
Appositive clause
名词性从句中的连接词有:
❖Lily wanted to know if /whether her grandma liked the handbag .
❖Let’s see if /whether we can find out some information about that city .
❖She asked me if /whether she could borrow these books .
4.He said that he__is_ writinwgoualsdtory.
5.Could you tellwmase when w__il_l__h_e arrive?
he will
6.You can begin to see why d_o_e_s__E__n_g_l_i_s_h__h_a_v__e_such
predicative
3.We Chinese are peace-
loving.
名词性从句
• 名词性从句在功能上相当于名词
{His job is important.
主语 What he does is important.
{ 表语 This is his job. This is what he does every day.
strange rules.
English has
Object Clauses 宾语从句
1. I know him . （简单句）
主语 谓语 宾语
2. I know who he is . （复合句）
主语 谓语 连词 从句主语 从句谓语
主句
宾语从句
宾语从句的概念： 宾语从句在复合句中作主句的宾语。
Practice time.单句改错
1.That the earth turns around the sun _a_r_e known to
all.
is
2.When the meeting will be held h__a_v_e__n’t been
known yet.
hasn’t
3.I didn’t know that you w__i_l_l come.
Subject clause Object clause