人教版高中英语选修8学案9：Grammar
人教版高中英语选修8：(渝冀辽闽鄂鲁琼浙) Grammar (1)
Grammar—Revise the Appositive(words，phrases and clauses)感知以下课文原句，完成方框下的小题1．以上句子中加黑部分是同位语，同位语可以由名词、代词、数词、名词性短语或句子充当。
2．句1和句2由句子充当同位语；而句3由短语充当同位语。
3．句1和句2都是由陈述句作同位语，由that引导。
一、同位语(the Appositive)1．定义：同位语是句子成分的一种，它位于名词、代词后面，说明它们的性质和情况，它可以由名词、代词、数词、名词性短语或从句充当。
2．同位语的表现形式：(1)名词、代词、数词、名词性短语等在句中作同位语。
I myself will do the experiment.(反身代词)我将亲自做这项实验。
She is the oldest among them six.(数词)她是他们6人中年纪最大的。
Tu Youyou，a famous scientist，comes from China.(名词性短语)屠呦呦，一位著名科学家，来自中国。
(2)从句在句中作同位语。
He told me the news that the plane had exploded.(从句)他告诉我飞机爆炸的消息。
(3)由such as，that is，of，or等引导的同位语。
The city of Beijing has greatly changed since 2000.自从2000年以来，北京市发生了巨大的变化。
It is zoology，or the study of animals.这是动物学，即对动物的研究。
3．特殊同位语归纳(1)不定式用作同位语Is this your purpose to avoid being punished?这就是你避免被惩罚的目的吗？(2)动词-ing用作同位语He’s getting a job tonight driving a truck.他今晚将得到一个开卡车的差事。
人教课标版高中英语选修8 Unit1_Grammar名师教学设计
2.T: From the analysis of the sentence patterns, can you tell me what types of noun clauses are there.
S:Noun clauses are classified as subject clause, object clause, predicative clause and appositive clause.
It happened that…碰巧…
It appears that…似乎…
4It is＋过去分词＋从句
It is reported that…据报道…
It has been proved that…已证实…
It is said that…据说…
it作形式主语和it引导强调句的比较
it作形式主语代替主语从句,主要是为了平衡句子结构,主语从句的连接词有变化。而it引导的强调句则是对句子某一部分进行强调,无论强调的是什么成分,都可用连词that。被强调部分指人是也可用who/whom。例如:
DELC2获取新知识
Step2
Production
（学习
新知）(20mins)
1.Teacher guide Ss to learn the grammar rules of noun clauses.
名词性从句
【概念与分类】在句子中起名词作用的句子叫名词性从句。名词性从句的功能相当于名词词组,它在复合句中能担任主语、宾语、表语、同位语、介词宾语等,因此根据它在句中不同的语法功能,名词从句又可分为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。
It hasn’t been decided whether (if) we shall attend the meeting.
2019-2020年高中人教版英语选修8教学案：Unit4SectionⅢGrammar—过去分词(短语)作状语(含答案)
2019-2020年高中人教版英语选修8教学案：Unit 4 Section Ⅲ Grammar —过去分词（短语）作状语(含答案)语法图解探究发现①Now once taught by me, she'd become an upper class lady ...②But, sir, (proudly) once educated to speak properly, that girl could pass herself off in three months as a duchess at an ambassador's garden party.③Although wounded all over, the brave soldiers continued to fight.④Lost in the forest, you should first of all remain where you are, waiting for help to come.⑤Seriously injured, he had to be taken to hospital.⑥Followed by his wolf-dog, the hunter walked slowly in the forest.⑦He was found lying on the ground, his hands tied.[我的发现](1)句①～⑥中的过去分词分别在句中作条件状语、条件状语、让步状语、时间状语、原因状语和方式状语。
(2)过去分词表示被动或已经完成的动作。
作状语时，可以单独使用，如句④、句⑤、句⑥；也可以在其前面加上适当的连词，如句①、句②和句③。
(3)过去分词的逻辑主语必须与句子的主语保持一致，如果不一致，我们常在过去分词前加上其逻辑主语，构成独立主格结构，如句⑦。
一、过去分词(短语)作状语过去分词(短语)表示被动，表示动作已经完成，其逻辑主语则为句子的主语。
人教版高中英语选修8全册教案
选修8黎巨森、蒋茹、罗培芳、罗丽霞Unit 1 A land of diversityPeriod 1 ReadingTeaching goalsEnable the students to talk about things about the USA.Help the students learn the huge diversity of races and cultures in America, especially in California.Teaching important and difficult pointsLearn the huge diversity of races and cultures in California.Teaching methodsFast and careful reading；asking and answering activity；individual, pair or group work. Teaching aidsA map, a blackboard and a computerTeaching proceduresStep 1 Warming up.Ask the students to describe what they learn about the USA。
Ask the students to tell things about California including its location，size，population，economy，history etc. What do you learn about California？Show the students some pictures and encourage students not only to say what each picture is about but how each one relates to California。
人教版高中英语选修8 Unit2_Grammar_精品教案
Unit2 Grammar精品教案The Fourth PeriodTeaching goals1. Target languagea. 重点词汇和短语bother, regulation, resist, unable, argument, reasonable, obtain, be bound to, from time to time, bring back to life, pay offb. 重点句子Altogether Dolly lived for six years, half the length of the life of the original sheep. The fact that she seemed to develop normally was very encouraging.2. Ability goalsEnable the students to learn the modal verbs must, have to, have got to.3. Learning ability goalsHelp the students learn how to use the modal verbs must, have to, have got to. Teaching important pointsThe use of the modal verbs must, have to, have got to.Teaching difficult pointsHow to teach the students to master the usage of the modal verbs must, have to, have got to.Teaching methodsStudy independently and practice.Teaching aidsA projector and a blackboard.Teaching procedures & waysStep Ⅰ RevisionCheck the students’ homework.T: Last class we talked something about cloning. Now, who can show your opinion? S: Let me have a try. In my opinion it is wrong to clone human beings. If my parents decided to have a clone made of me, I would feel very sad and I would never accept the clone as a member of the family or as my friend.T: Good job!Step ⅡGrammarT: Do you know the appositive clauses? Please pick out three more examples from the reading passage.Sample answers:The fact is that they are natural clones of each other.The whole scientific would follow the progress of the first successful clone, Dolly the sheep.Altogether Dolly lived for six years, half the length of the life of the original sheep. T: Now let me explain something about the appositive clauses. The appositive clause is a clause used as an appositive. The clause is an explanation to the noun before. The appositive clause belongs to noun clauses. Most of the appositive clauses may be introduced by the conjunction that. A content clause is frequently in apposition with such nouns as fact, news, idea, thought, question, reply, report, remark, hope, belief, suggestion etc.Some examples:Nobody shares my belief that he was mad.My suggestion that he was mad was not accepted.They are familiar with the opinion that all matter consists of atoms.Where did you get the idea that I could not come?We ha ven’t yet settled the question where we are going to spend our summer vacation.The suggestion came from the chairman that the new rule should be adopted.T: The words the fact are often inserted in front of an object clause when the clause cannot be conveniently connected with the verb either directly or by means of the representative it.This cannot hide the fact that he is growing old.We must face the fact that we are living in a revolutionary world.Some supplements:。
2020-202英语外研版选修8学案： Grammar——主语和动词
Section Ⅱ Grammar——主语和动词[语法图解]主语⎩⎪⎪⎪⎨⎪⎪⎪⎧1.名词作主语2.代词作主语3.数词作主语4.“the ＋形容词”作主语5.不定式作主语6.动词-ing 形式作主语7.从句作主语8.“the ＋过去分词”作主语动词⎩⎪⎪⎪⎨⎪⎪⎪⎧按句法功能分⎩⎪⎨⎪⎧实义动词⎩⎪⎨⎪⎧及物动词不及物动词系动词助动词情态动词按意义分⎩⎪⎨⎪⎧动态动词⎩⎪⎨⎪⎧延续性动词非延续性动词静态动词[典句感知]①Antarctica is the coldest place on Earth. ②They call it Anti -Arktikos, or Antarctica ...③98% of the surface is covered permanently in the ice cap.④To overcome the difficulties in the Antarctic area and do scientific research is possible.⑤Protecting Antarctica from nuclear tests and radioactive waste is very important to this continent.⑥What the treaty aims to do is to prevent the commercial and military use of the continent.⑦It is difficult to imagine a more inhospitable place.[语法领悟](1)①～⑥句中的黑体部分在句中均作主语。
(2)由④⑤⑥句可知，不定式、动词-ing形式、从句作主语时，谓语动词通常要用单数形式。
(3)⑦句中用it作形式主语。
一、主语主语是一个句子所叙述的主体，是句子所要说明的人或事物，表示句子描述的“谁”或“什么”。
人教新课标选修8Unit_3_Grammar教学设计
A Design of Teaching for Unit 3 Inventors and inventionsPeriod 2 Grammar: The Past Participle as Attribute, Predicative and ObjectComplementⅠTeaching GoalsEnable the students to master the usage of the past participles as predicative, attribute and object complement better by revising it.ⅡTeaching important ＆ difficult pointsTo analyse and distinguish the different usage of the past participle in the concrete context.ⅢTeaching methodsExplanation, Practice.ⅣTeaching aidsa blackboard.Teaching Design Procedurebasic flow chart of teaching→→situation:Step1:动词-ed形式作定语过去分词作定语往往与被修饰的词靠得很紧, 渐渐地成为一个复合词。
这种分词叫分词形容词(the Participle Adjective), 事实上相当于一个单纯的形容词, 除表示“完成”的动作之外, 还表示“被动”的意义。
如：spoken English (英语口语)；iced beer (冰冻啤酒)；cooked food (熟食); fried chips (炸马铃薯条);【重点和难点】——前置定语和后置定语1. 不及物动词的过去分词也可作定语，一样作前置定语，不表示被动意义，只强调动作完成。
人教版高中英语选修8：Grammar
Grammar—Revise Noun Clauses(as the Subject，Object and Predicative)基础巩固Ⅰ.单句语法填空1．I don’t doubt that the hard-working girl will achieve her goal in time. 2．The fact is that the old man didn’t notice the car until it was too late. 3．That the young man suddenly fell ill really made us very surprised. 4．Whether he had passed the final exam was not known to us.5．I’m not certain whether/if the train will arrive on time.6．They made it clear to the public that they did an important job.7．That was what made the old man so worried.8．It seemed that the villagers didn’t know about how to protect the river. 9．Whoever breaks the law will be punished in our country.10．She doesn’t feel well；that is why she wouldn’t like to go out today. Ⅱ.单句改错(每小题仅有1处错误)11．We think thisit possible that you can finish all the work today.12．I’d like to have a talk with whomeverwhoever is in charge of the company.13．We don’t knowifwhether or not Tom will turn up at the meeting.14．My suggestion is that we wouldshould或would have a discussion about this matter at once.15．Here is my idea about howwhat a friend is like.Ⅲ.完成句子16．The young girl always thinks of how she can/how to do the work better.这个女孩总是在想怎样把工作做得更好。
高中英语真题-学高中英语Unit4PygmalionGrammar学案新人教版选修8
高中英语真题:学高中英语Unit4PygmalionGrammar学案新人教版选修8【学习目标】掌握过去分词作状语的用法，并学会灵活运用过去分词。
【学习重点，难点】灵活运用过去分词解决实际问题。
【课型】语法课【回顾预习】找出课文中含有过去分词的句子并分析过去分词的作用。
________________________________________ ________________________________________ ________________________________________ ______ _【新知识学习】Task 1. Class Report.Task 2. Self learning（自主学习）一．意义：过去分词作状语可表示时间、地点、原因、条学习指导明确学习目标！他使出全身的力气站了起来。
3.过去分词作状语, 还可以表示:Given much time, we could do it better.（条件）多给点时间的话，我们会做得更好。
When heated, ice can be changed into water.（时间）冰加热时变成水。
三．Exercises:1.___ in thought, he almost ran into the car in front of him.A. LosingB. Having lostC. LostD. T o lose2. If ___ the same treatment again, he’s sure t o get well.A. givingB. giveC. given D. being given3. _____ in 1636, Harvard is one of the most f amous universities in the United States.A. Being foundedB. It was foundedC. Foun dedD. Founding 认真读题分析句子成分4. _____ with the size of the whole earth, the biggest ocean doesn’t seem big at all.A. CompareB. When comparingparing D. When compared5.___time, he’ll make a first-class tennis player.A. Having givenB. To giveC. GivingD. Given6. ___ in a white uniform, he looks more like acook than a doctor.A.DressedB. To dressC. DressingD. Ha ving dressed7.Unless___ to speak, you should remain silent at the conference.A. invitedB. invitingC. being invitedD. h aving invited8. When _____, the museum will be open to the public next yearpletedB. completingC. being complet edD. to be completed 我展示我精彩9. The research is sodesigned that once _____ nothing can be don e to change it.A. beginsB. having begunC. beginningD. begun10. _____ more attention, the trees could have grown better.A. GivenB. To giveC. GivingD. Having given【合作探究】Discussion and presentation小组讨论自主学习中的问题,并进行展示和点评,点评过程中要注意补充和质疑。
高中人教版英语选修8教学案：Unit+5+Section+Ⅲ+Grammar—+现在完成进行时.doc
Section_ⅢGrammar—_现在完成进行时语法图解探究发现①Well, we've been finding the bones of tigers and bears in the caves, and we think these were their most dangerous enemies.②It has been raining since last week.③He has been writing a novel, which will be finished next month.④He has written a novel, which is being prepared to come out now.⑤I have been visiting my hometown recently, and it impresses me differently each time.⑥I have visited my hometown recently, whose changes have left a deep impression on me.⑦Recently she has always been helping me.⑧Recently she has helped me a lot.[我的发现](1)由句①②③看出现在完成进行时的构成形式为：have/has＋been＋doing。
(2)比较句③④，现在完成进行时强调动作未完成；而现在完成时强调动作已经结束。
(3)比较句⑤⑥，现在完成进行时强调动作的重复，现在完成时可以表示一次性动作。
(4)比较句⑦⑧，现在完成进行时表示一种感情色彩；现在完成时则陈述一种事实。
一、现在完成进行时1．基本含义：表示一个在过去开始而在最近刚刚结束的动作；表示一个从过去开始但仍在进行的动作；表示一个从过去开始延续到现在，可以包括现在在内的一个阶段内，重复发生的动作，通常表示一种感情色彩(关切、惊异、愤怒、赞许等)。
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Unit 1 A land of diversityGrammar名词性从句(主语从句、宾语从句和表语从句)课前自主领悟一、语法图解二、探究发现①Exactly when the first people arrived in what we now know as California, no one really knows.②However, it is likely that Native Americans were living in California at least fifteen thousand years ago.③Scientists believe that these settlers crossed the Bering Strait in the Arctic to America by means of a land bridge which existed in prehistoric times.④That is why today over 40% of Californians speak Spanish as a first or second language.⑤It is believed that before long the mix of nationalities will be so great that there will be no distinct major racial or cultural groups, but simply a mixture of many races and cultures.【我的发现】(1)以上各句皆为主从复合句，句中用了相当于名词作用的从句(即名词性从句)在句中充当成分。
(2)名词性从句在句中可作介词的宾语(句①)，动词的宾语(句③)。
(3)名词性从句在句中可作主语，且可用it作形式主语，真正的主语从句置于句末(句②、⑤)。
(4)名词性从句在句中可作表语(句④)。
课堂要点精析一、主语从句、宾语从句和表语从句的定义及特点(一)主语从句主语从句是指在句中作主语的从句，位置与陈述句的主语相同。
Whether the sports meet will be held is not certain now.运动会是否将举行现在不能确定。
How the book will sell depends on its author.这本书销售如何取决于作者本人。
Where we shall have the meeting makes no difference.我们在哪儿开会都无所谓。
【名师点津】若主语部分结构较长，可以使用形式主语it，把真正的主语从句放于后面。
That she will do well in her exam is certain.＝It is certain that she will do well in her exam.她在考试中会做得好，这是确定无疑的。
(二)宾语从句1．作及物动词的宾语Everyone knows that the earth is made up of matter.每个人都知道地球是由物质构成的。
2．作介词的宾语如：besides that ...“除……之外”；but that ...“若不是……”；except that ...“除了……”；in that ...“在于……；因为……”。
Is there anything wrong in what I said?我所说的有错误之处吗？These two areas are similar in that they both have high rainfall in summer.这两个地区相似，因为在夏天降水都很多。
3．动态形容词后形容词后跟宾语从句的用法只限于少数动态形容词，如sure(确信)，certain(肯定)，afraid(担心)，confident(有把握的)等。
I'm not certain whether the train will arrive on time.我不确信火车是否将会按时到达。
4．注意事项(1)宾语从句的否定转移：think, believe, suppose, imagine等动词后的宾语从句中的否定词要转移到主句中，即主句的谓语动词用否定式，而从句的谓语动词用肯定式。
I don’t think we need to waste much time on it.我想我们不必在这上面浪费太多时间。
(形式上否定主句，实际上还是否定从句)(2)宾语从句中不能省略that的情况。
动词后有两个或两个以上的宾语从句时，紧跟动词后的宾语从句可以省去that，其余的宾语从句前的that一般不能省去。
I believe (that) you have done your best and that things will improve.我相信你已经尽全力了，事情会好起来的。
(第二个that不能省)(3)“doubt＋宾语从句”的应用。
肯定句中用whether或if，否定句和疑问句中用that。
I doubt whether he can pass the exam.我怀疑他是否能够通过此次考试。
I don’t doubt that he can pass the exam.我不怀疑他能通过此次考试。
Do you doubt that he can pass the exam?你怀疑他能通过此次考试吗？(三)表语从句1．表语从句在复合句中作表语，出现在连系动词之后，一般结构为“主语＋连系动词＋表语从句”。
The question is whether we can finish the work in time.问题是我们是否能及时完成这项工作。
2．可接表语从句的连系动词有be, look, remain, seem, sound等。
You look as if you slept badly.你看上去仿佛没睡好觉。
The fact remains that we are still not advanced enough.事实依然是我们还是不够先进。
【名师点津】(1)表语从句实际上是对主语进行补充说明，从句表达的是主语的内容。
The fact is that he didn't notice the car until too late.事实是他注意到汽车时已经太晚了。
(2)主句的主语是名词idea, advice, suggestion, order, request, requirement等时，表语从句应用虚拟语气，即谓语动词用“(should＋)动词原形”。
My suggestion is that we (should) have a discussion about this matter instead of setting itaside.我的建议是我们应当讨论一下这个问题，而不是把它放在一边。
【即学即练1】选词填空①We choose this hotel because the price for a night here is down to $20, half of it used to charge.(what/which)②She asked me I had returned the books to the library, and I admitted that I hadn't.(what/whether)③Jane moved aimlessly down the tree-lined street, not knowing she was heading.(which/where)④The most pleasant thing of the rainy season is one can be entirely free from dust.(that/what)⑤we understand things has a lot to do with what we feel.(where/how)⑥From space, the earth looks blue. This is about seventy-one percent of its surface is covered by water.(why/because)⑦he had met a kind librarian in the city library gave us no surprise.(that/what) 二、连接词(一)that, whether 和if1．连接词thatthat引导从句时，本身无意义，在从句中不充当成分。
但是that在引导主语从句、表语从句时，一般不能省略；在引导宾语从句时，常被省略；但是以下两种情况除外：(1)多个并列从句出现时，第一个that可以省略，其他的不能省略。
(2)含有形式主语it时，放于后面的宾语从句不能省略that。
That he suddenly fell ill made us surprised.他突然生病让我们震惊。
She said (that) she would return that book next week.她说她将于下周归还那本书。
She said (that) she would come here and that I should wait for her till Monday.她说她将会来这儿并让我等到星期一。
They made it clear to the public that they did an important and necessary job.他们向公众表明：他们所做的工作重要且必不可少。
The fact is that we are behind other groups.事实是我们落后于其他小组。
2．连接词whether和if(1)连接词whether/if在从句中意为“是否”，不充当成分，一般不能省略。
(2)主语从句位于句首时只能用whether；当用it作形式主语时，whether与if都可以。
(3)表语从句中常用whether。
(4)宾语从句中连接词whether和if常常可以互换。
Whether he passed the exam was not certain.＝It was not certain whether/if he passed the exam.不确定他是否通过了考试。