人教版第十一单元同步练习题含答案
(完整word)新人教版九年级第十一单元精选练习题附答案
新人教版九年级第十一单元优选练习题附答案Unit 11Sad movies make me cry.第一课时Section A(1a～2d)1基础过关Ⅰ.用方框中所给的单词填空。
spend，while ，friendship， together，drive1. Although you will return to your hometown tomorrow，I will remember our ________ forever.2.As parents，we shouldn't ________ our children to do much homework.3.In China and some other countries，it is impolite to speak loudly ________ you are havinga meal.4.We often work ________ as a team in English classes.5.Nowadays it's a modern lifestyle to ________ weekends in the countryside.Ⅱ. 用括号内所给单词的适合形式填空。
6.Mike didn't receive his daughter's letters ________(late).7.Mary was ________(happy)，because she failed her English exam.8.Our teacher makes us ________(help) the boy every day.9.Mike is ________(strong) than any other student in our class.10.Why don't you ________(climb) the mountains with us on weekends?Ⅲ. 单项选择。
人教版九年级下册化学第十一单元同步测试卷含答案
人教版九年级下册化学第十一单元同步测试题一、单选题1．下列关于碳酸钠与碳酸氢钠的说法错误的是A ．Na 2CO 3溶液呈碱性B ．NaHCO 3固体难溶于水C ．“苏打”是碳酸钠的俗名D ．NaHCO 3可用作发酵粉 2．下列物质名称与化学式对应关系错误的是 A ．烧碱—NaOH B ．纯碱—Na 2CO 3 C ．小苏打—NaHCO 3D ．熟石灰—CaO3．下列有关盐的用途的说法错误的是 A ．氯化钠是重要的调味品 B ．可用亚硝酸钠代替食盐腌渍食品 C ．小苏打可用于焙制糕点D ．碳酸钙可用作补钙剂 4．下列选项中物质的俗称、化学式、类别、用途对应正确的是 A ．烧碱 Na 2CO 3 碱 制玻璃 B ．生石灰 CaO 化合物 干燥剂 C ．食盐 NaOH 盐 除铁锈 D ．酒精 C 2H 6O 氧化物 燃料 5．下列反应属于复分解反应的是 A ．2NaOH+HCl=NaCl+H O B ．2ΔCO+CuO CO +CuC ．2322H CO +CuO=H O+CO ↑D ．22Fe+2HCl=FeCl +H ↑6．下列物质能够发生反应，且生成气体的是 A ．向稀硫酸中滴入Ba(OH)2溶液 B ．向NaCl 溶液中滴加K 2SO 4溶液 C ．将CuCl 2溶液滴入KOH 溶液中D ．将(NH 4)2SO 4和熟石灰混合研磨 7．下列各组物质中，能发生复分解反应且反应前后溶液总质量不变的是 A ．氧化镁和稀硫酸 B ．氯化钾溶液和硫酸钠溶液 C ．氢氧化钠溶液和稀盐酸D ．盐酸和硝酸银溶液8．下列酸碱盐物质在水溶液中能够共存的一组是 A ．碳酸钾与氯化钡 B ．氯化钾与硝酸银 C ．氢氧化铜与稀盐酸D ．氢氧化钠与氯化钡9．下列各组内物质在溶液中能大量共存的是A．NaCl、AgNO3、K2SO4B．KOH、NaNO3、H2SO4C．Ba（OH）2、NH4Cl、CuSO4D．KNO3、MgCl2、ZnSO410．下列各种溶质的溶液混合后无明显现象的一组是A．HCl、Na2CO3、K2SO4B．KNO3、Ba(OH)2、NaClC．KCl、AgNO3、HNO3D．NaOH、FeCl3、(NH4)2SO411．草木灰的有效成分是K2CO3，草木灰属于A．钾肥B．磷肥C．氮肥D．复合肥12．下列化肥属于复合肥的是A．KNO3B．K2SO4C．Ca3（PO4）2D．CO（NH2）2 13．某班学生以“施用化肥的利与弊”为主题进行小组辩论，正方的观点是施肥有利。
人教版英语11单元练习题(含答案)
人教版英语11单元练习题（含答案）一、单项选择。
1. —Are your parents ____ agreement with you about going traveling this winterholiday?—No. They are really hard ____ me and always ask me to spend my timestudying.A. on; withB. in; onC. on; toD. in; for2. In every ____ there has to be some give-and-take.A. friendshipB. instrumentC. attentionD. blackboard3. Rafael Nadal is so great that he has won the Rogers Cup several times. He never____ his fans.A. praisesB. greetsC. disappointsD. supports4. —You look ____，Katie. What's up?—Well，I've been ill for a few days.A. madB. activeC. politeD. pale5. —What's the weather like in Kunming, Lucy?—It's ____ hot ____ cold. So Kunming is called “the Spring City”.A. neither; norB. not only; but alsoC. either; orD. both; and6. —Would you like to watch the movie Dying to Survive with me?—I'm not interested in it. ____，I have no time.A. HoweverB. BesidesC. ExceptD. Finally7. —Mum，I feel nervous about the exam next week.—Take it easy！____ you study，____ results you'll get.A. Hard；goodB. Harder；goodC. Hard；betterD. The harder；the better8. —Driving less and walking more is good for our health.—So I'd rather ____ an hour's walk to work than consider ____ a car.A. take; driveB. take; to driveC. take; drivingD. taking; driving9. —Come and see! The baby is crying.—Please do something to make him ____.A. stop cryingB. stop to cryC. cryingD. cry10. —The doctor ____ to examine my grandpa. What happened to him, Mom?—He hurt himself while working in the garden.A. dropped byB. called inC. was dropped byD. was called in二、完形填空。
人教版英语九年级下册Unit11SectionA同步练习题及答案.doc
人教版英语九年级下册Unit11SectionA同步练习题及答案.doc【若缺失公式、图片现象属于系统读取不成功，文档内容齐全完整，请放心下载。
】Unit 11 Sad movies make me cryⅠ. 根据语境，从方框中选择恰当的短语填空，有的需要变换形式。
wait for, leave out, each time, would rather, have a lot in common1. When copying this article, be careful not _______________ any words.2. To enjoy the scenery (风景), Dale _______________ spend long hours on the train.3. It doesn't matter if you're a few minutes late. We'll _______________ you.4. —I like reading and listening to music, especially classical music.—Me too. It seems we _______________.5. _______________ Holly sees the photo on her desk, she will think of the happy days they spent together.Ⅱ. 根据汉语意思完成英语句子，每空一词(含缩略形式)。
1. 你何不外出野餐呢？_________ _________ _________ go out for a picnic?2. 这部电影如此精彩以至于萨莉想再看一遍。
The film is _________ wonderful _________ Sally wants to see it again.3. 把音乐声音调小点儿，吵得我快疯了！Turn that music down. It's _________ _________ _________!4. 安和萨拉是我的朋友，我们经常一起玩。
人教版新目标英语九年级-Unit11单元同步测试卷及答案
九年级英语第十一单元期末复习测试题一、单项填空（每小题1分，共20分）1. Does Mary agree with you?— Yes, sure. We are in ______ agreement. A. a B. an C. the D. 不填2. — My parents are sometimes too hard ______ me.— Are they? They just want you to spend more time ______ your lessons.A. on; onB. on; withC. with; onD. with; with3. Is it true that some colors can make us feel relaxed?— Y es. Colors do have the ______ to change our feelings and moods.A. secretB. powerC. ideaD. experience4. Doctor, do you think I have got a bad cold?— Maybe. But I can't say that before I ______ you.A. createB. warnC. examineD. prove5. Look at Eric's ______ face. The snake scared him just now.— Yes, I think so. He isn't a brave boy.A. blackB. redC. paleD. blue6. Tina and I are good friends. Our ______ began 10 years ago.A. messageB. friendshipC. suggestionD. education7. Did you and your parents join the trip?— Yes. ______ us, the Greens also went to the amusement park.A. ExceptB. Except forC. BesideD. Besides8. How do you like Han Han's books?— They are my last choice. The more I read them, ______ I like them.A. the lessB. the leastC. the moreD. the most9. How about seeing a movie, Jenny?— Well, I would stay at home rather than ______ to the movies.A. goB. goingC. goesD. went10. I didn't enjoy myself at the party. I just felt ______ . — Well, maybe there were too many people at the party.A. left outB. to leave outC. leaving outD. be left out11. He was happy to see an old friend of ______ in the street. A. him B. he C. his D. her12. I asked Tom if he would help me and he ______ . A. disagreed B. nodded C. refused D. cried13. It's ______ far ______ we can't walk there. Let's take a taxi.A. so; thatB. too; toC. such; thatD. enough; to14. I am not sure which tie to wear for the party.— Sorry, I have no idea, ______ .A. tooB. neitherC. alsoD. either15. The bed was very hard and ______ , so I couldn't fall asleep.A. comfortableB. uncomfortableC. softD. beautiful16. — Have you heard from Mrs. Green lately?— ______ I ______ my brother has received any call or e-mail from her. Hope she is doing well.A. Not only; but alsoB. Neither; norC. Both; andD. Either; or17. — I have told Jim many times to be careful with his lessons, but...— He is clever but careless. You can't make a crab（蟹）______ straight, can you?A. walksB. to walkC. walkD. walking18. Tom ______ a new camera lately. — Really? Do you know its brand?A. buysB. has boughtC. is buyingD. will buy19. — Look at the lovely baby panda. Do you know ______ at birth?— I guess he might be about 100 grams heavy.A. what was his weightB. how heavy was heC. how he was heavyD. what his weight was20. I hope you won't disappoint us in the final, Andy.— ______. I will try my best not to let you down.A. I dislike itB. I am afraid notC. You're wrongD. Believe in me二、完形填空（每小题1分，共10分）A few years ago, I worked at a church（教堂）. My son was little, 21 he went with me to the church every day. Most mornings, we'd stop at a 22 , and get a chocolate drink for him and a cup of coffee for me.A girl at the store brought some 23 and color to our lives each day, so we went there again and again. She had found her own way of enjoying life and her job. I was not even 24 if she knew that her exuberance （活力）had put a smile on the face of each customer.When a customer brought 25 to the counter（柜台）, a saleswoman could have asked, "Would you like some milk with these cookies?" 26 , the girl asked, "Would you like a lottery ticket（彩票）with these cookies?" She 27 asked some funny questions.Y es, life is what you make of it. It's clear that this girl's way of dealing with the customers made the hours in her day more 28 . By doing that, she also influenced the lives of others and made them 29 .Sometimes, if my day at the church made me tired, we'd stop at that store before 30 home. We'd giggle （咯咯笑）as we left the store with the girl's words still behind us, "Would you like some shampoo（洗发香波）with that soda?"21. A. though B. so C. because D. if22. A. store B. hospital C. hotel D. station23. A. trouble B. fun C. ideas D. sweets24. A. afraid B. worried C. sure D. nervous25. A. drinks B. cookies C. coke D. chocolate26. A. Suddenly B. Otherwise C. Instead D. Besides27. A. seldom B. never C. hardly D. always28. A. necessary B. important C. strange D. interesting29. A. cry B. shout C. laugh D. think30. A. cleaning B. going C. leaving D. missing三、阅读理解（每小题2分，共30分）AJohn and Bobby joined a wholesale（批发）company together just after graduation from college the same year. After several years, however, the boss chose Bobby to be the manager but John remained a worker. John could not stand it anymore. He wrote a resignation letter（辞职信）to the boss and complained that the boss did not know who worked harder and better.The boss knew that John worked very hard for the years. He thought a moment and said, "Thank you for your criticism（批评）, but I hope you will do one more thing for our company before you leave. Perhaps you will change your decision and take back your resignation letter."John agreed. The boss asked him to go and find out anyone selling watermelon in the market. John went andreturned soon. He said he had found out a man selling watermelon. The boss asked the price. John didn't know and went back to the market to ask and returned to tell the boss $1.2 per kilo.Then the boss called Bobby to come to his office. He asked Bobby to go and find anyone selling watermelon in the market. Bobby went, returned and said to the boss, "Only one person selling watermelon, $1.2 per kg, $10 for 10 kg. He has 340 melons（甜瓜）. Each melon is about 2 kg. Bought from the South two days ago, they are fresh and red, good quality."John was very surprised and realized the difference between himself and Bobby. He decided not to resign but to learn from Bobby.31. After Bobby was chosen to be the manager, John decided to ______.A. criticize BobbyB. give up his jobC. work even harderD. learn from Bobby32. In fact, John was ______. A. hard-working B. lazy C. knowledgeable D. clever33. How did John know the watermelon price?A. He asked Bobby.B. He asked the boss.C. He bought a watermelon.D. He asked the watermelon seller.34. The boss asked John to do one more thing for his company hoping that ______.A. he would resignB. he would be the managerC. he would remain to work thereD. he would change his attitude towards Bobby35. The difference between John and Bobby was that ______.A. Bobby didn't work so hard as JohnB. Bobby got along better with the boss than John.C. Bobby collected much more market information than JohnD. Bobby sold more watermelons than John at a wholesale food marketBAn American boy said he didn't want an 11th birthday party because he had no friends. But now he is getting something exciting—to be a professional hockey（曲棍球）player.Colin and his family visited players and coaches of the Kalamazoo Wings at a restaurant this week. Colin said, "I knew we were going to the restaurant, but I was not expecting the rest（其余）."The team provided the boy with a one-day contract（合同）. It will allow him to join the Wings for their home（主场）game on Sunday. Colin will get his own jersey（线衣）. He will drop the game puck（冰球）and even sit on the bench with the players.Colin has trouble communicating with other people. This makes it hard for him to make friends with kids of his age. Children and adults with such trouble often have high IQ, but have problems in social situations. They often have trouble understanding jokes.So his mother created a "Happy Birthday Colin" on a Facebook page. It went viral and drew more than 2 million "likes." Colin's mom said the best reward for her efforts was seeing Colin grow. "I have seen him change greatly because he knows he has 2.1 million friends. His self-confidence has grown."K-Wings Head Coach Nick Bootland said, "There are things that are much bigger than the game. If we can put a smile on a kid's face that deals with a lot of trouble, we're excited about that chance."36. The Kalamazoo Wings is a ______.A. popular gameB. hockey teamC. school's nameD. Facebook page37. What's TRUE about Colin?A. He has few friends in his real life.B. He is a really professional hockey player.C. He has trouble with his lessons.D. He is good at telling jokes.38. The underlined words "went viral" most probably mean "______ ".A. became strange to peopleB. became popular with peopleC. was known by few peopleD. was easy to get39. Now Colin ______ than before.A. is much strongerB. has a higher IQC. is more confidentD. is more interested in Facebook40. The reading above may be taken from the ______ page of a newspaper.A. school & teenage lifeB. art & musicC. scienceD. world news四、短文填空（每小题1.5分，共15分）When I first met my fifth-grade teacher, I was happy. She seemed pretty nice, so I was excited to（46）_________ a whole year with her. Every day the class would do a warm-up and then discuss it. We would also read stories, sing songs and learn about different cultures around the world. I thought I was very lucky to have such a great, kind and caring（47）_________.When December came around, my teacher suddenly stopped（48）_________ to school. The whole class missed （49）_________. Rumors（谣言）spread around the school about（50）_________ she didn't come to school."She's（51）_________ holiday," some girls explained to each other during lunchtime."She's got really tired of us and decided（52）_________ to teach us anymore," some boys said.（53）_________ no one knew the truth.For the rest of the school year, I never saw her again. In the middle of the sixth grade, I received a disturbing（令人不安的）message. She had died of cancer（癌症）. I（54）_________ very upset. I wish I could visit her in the hospital. Whenever I think about her, I remember all of the happy times we had together. Because of her, I can understand what matters most to me. I never told her how much she meant to me. And now it's too（55）_________.五、读写综合（本大题分为A、B 两部分，共25分）A. 信息归纳（每小题1分，共5分）Puerto Galera is a small town on the northeast coast of the island of Mindoro in the Philippines（菲律宾）. It's a popular spot in summer. People come here from all over the country and the rest of the world for its wonderful beaches and fun water activities.Puerto Galera beachesWater skiing, boating and swimming are some of the activities that Puerto Galera beaches offer to vacation tourists. They are great places to watch the stars light up in the sky.Dolphin watchingThe best time to go dolphin watching in Puerto Galera is early in the morning. In the beginning, dolphin watching can be difficult as the creatures may lie in between the waves（海浪）. But soon enough, one or two of them will break out of the waters and perform a jump. Then the other dolphins will begin to jump as well.Puerto Galera museumIt is on the ground floor of a church. There are many exhibitions of Spanish and pre-Spanish times.Tamaraw FallsTamaraw Falls offers a beautiful place to swim and have fun. It is popular on weekends.B. 书面表达（本题20分）一曲《时间都去哪儿了》让成千上万的人感动落泪。
2024年人教版七年级英语下册第十一单元课堂练习题及答案第2课时 Section A(2a-2d)
A. Their homesickness lasted long.
B. The children stayed on the farm for a week.
C. The writer had to work together with his friends in the boating class. D. It was the first time for the children to be away from their parents.
a lot about the spirit (精神) of Xibaipo.
A. learn
B. learned
C. will learn D. are learning
一二三四 五
基础通关 能力突破 素养达标
( D )10.— Sorry,I’m busy. I can’t go fishing with you.
us laugh happily during the class.
During the week I learned a lot and made many new friends. I also learned
how to take care of myself.
一二三四 五
基础通关 能力突破 素养达标
一二三四 五
基础通关 能力突破 素养达标
4. — I met my favorite actor yesterday. — Lucky (luck) you. 5.[2022黑龙江龙东中考]Tom visited (visit) the British Museum every month when he was in London.
人教版九年级化学下册《第十一单元 课题2 化学肥料》同步练习题及参考答案
课题2 化学肥料1.(2017 湖北襄阳中考)硝酸钾(KNO3)是一种能使农作物增产的常用化肥,它属于( )A.复合肥B.氮肥C.磷肥D.钾肥2.荔枝树的种植是我国南方农业的“亮点”之一。
某农民种植的荔枝树因欠缺磷肥和氮肥而出现生长较慢,叶色泛黄,且产量低的现象。
下列肥料最适合他使用的是( )A.尿素B.磷酸二氢铵C.磷酸二氢钙D.氯化钾3.金色凉山特色原生态农产品享誉川内外。
如会理烤烟、宁南蚕桑、西昌洋葱、雷波脐橙、布拖马铃薯、昭觉黑苦荞……种植这些农作物均需要复合肥。
下列属于复合肥的是( )A.尿素——CO(NH2)2硫酸钾——K2SO4B.磷酸二氢铵——NH4H2PO4硝酸钾——KNO3C.碳酸氢铵——NH4HCO3氯化钾——KClD.硝酸铵——NH4NO3硝酸钾——KNO34.下列关于化肥的说法正确的是( )A.过磷酸钙[Ca(H2PO4)2和CaSO4的混合物]属于氮肥B.凡施用过化肥的蔬菜都会危害健康C.硫酸钾与熟石灰混合、研磨,能闻到刺激性的气味D.合理施用化肥能提高农作物的产量5.下列化肥中,从外观即可与其他化肥相区别的是( )A.磷矿粉B.硫酸钾C.尿素D.硝酸铵6.下表用甲试剂鉴别乙中的两种化肥,难以实现的是( )选项甲乙A Ca(OH)2CO(NH2)2、NH4HCO3B Ba(NO3)2KCl、(NH4)2SO4C AgNO3NH4Cl、NH4NO3D NaCl K2SO4、KNO37.无土栽培是现代农业的一项新技术,其营养液是多种化合物的混合溶液,含有植物生长所需的营养元素。
某种植物进行无土栽培时,需含氮、钾等元素的中性或弱酸性营养液,下列能用来配制营养液的一组化合物是( )A.KCl、(NH4)2SO4、NaOHB.NH4Cl、K2SO4C.KNO3、H2SO4D.K2CO3、CaCl28.请根据要求回答下列问题:(1)为促进作物生长,增强农作物的抗寒、抗旱能力应施加的化肥种类是。
人教版新目标英语九年级 Unit 11 单元同步测试卷及答案
Unit 11标准检测(时间：100分钟满分：120分得分：________)一、听力理解(本大题分为A、B、C、D四部分，共25小题，每小题1分，共25分)A．听句子(本题有5小题，每小题1分，共5分)根据所听句子的内容和所提的问题，选择符合题意的图画回答问题。
每小题听一遍。
()1.How did the speaker go to sleep?A. B. C.()2.What hasn't Judy packed?A. B. C.()3.What are they going to do?A. B. C.()4.How is the woman going to Shanghai?A. B. C.()5.What was the weather like then?A. B. C.B．听对话(本题有10小题，每小题1分，共10分)回答每段对话后面的问题，在各题所给的三个选项中选出一个最佳答案。
每段对话听两遍。
听第一段对话，回答第6小题。
()6.Who likes the red color?A．Bill. B．Kate. C．No one.听第二段对话，回答第7小题。
()7.What does the girl mean?A．She hates the party.B．She is interested in the party.C．She thinks the music and the light are too bad.听第三段对话，回答第8小题。
()8.Why does Henry prefer true friends?A．Because they are good at telling jokes.B．Because they are honest and helpful.C．Because they are serious enough.听第四段对话，回答第9小题。
()9.What does the woman mean?A．Jack should try to trust his brother.B．Jack needn't trust his brother again.C．Jack should try to tell the truth.听第五段对话，回答第10小题。
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人教版第十一单元同步练习题含答案11.1《生活中常见的盐》基础巩固1．某同学来到他家厨房，他不可能找到的调味品是（）A．食盐（氯化钠）A．食醋（醋酸）A．料酒（乙醇）D．胆矾（硫酸铜晶体）2．下列关于“盐”的说法中，不正确的是（）A．“请往菜中加点盐”中的“盐”特指食盐（NaCl）B．化学上所说的盐指的就是生活中作调味品的食盐C．化学上所说的盐指的就是一类物质的总称D．食盐每天摄入量不能太多，否则不利于健康3．下列有关物质的化学式、名称、俗名不完全对应的是（）A．NaCl、氯化钠、食盐B．CaO、氧化钙、熟石灰C．Na2CO3、碳酸钠、纯碱D．NaOH、氢氧化钠、烧碱4．下列有关“粗盐中难溶性杂质的去除”实验中说法不正确的是（）A．多加水，让粗盐加速溶解B．玻璃棒用了4次，但作用各不相同C．粗盐经过溶解、过滤、蒸发、结晶可以得到初步提纯D．当蒸发皿中出现较多量固体时，停止加热，利用余热使滤液蒸干5．下列两种物质的溶液混合后，能发生反应，且溶液的总质量不会发改变的是（）A．氢氧化钠溶液和稀盐酸B．碳酸钠溶液和稀盐酸C．氯化钠溶液和稀硫酸D．碳酸钠溶液和氯化钙溶液6．物质X可发生下列所示的两个反应，则X可能是（）①X＋酸→盐＋水；②X＋非金属氧化物→盐＋水。
A．HCl B．CO C．NaOH D．CaO7．下列各组物质在水溶液中能大量共存，且形成无色溶液的是（）A．NaCl、BaCl2 、Na2CO3B．KNO3、HCl、CaCl2C．H2SO4、FeCl3、NaNO3D．NaOH、HNO3、NH4NO38．家庭加工馒头、面包和饼干等食品时，常在面粉中加入膨松剂（如碳酸氢钠），蒸制或烘焙食品中产生大量气体，使面团疏松、多孔，制作的食品松软或酥脆，易于消化吸收。
阅读上面信息后，回答：⑴信息中提供的膨松剂是（填俗名）；⑵碳酸氢钠是一种性的化合物（填“可溶”或“不溶”）；⑶碳酸氢钠能使蒸制或烘焙的食品疏松多孔，原理是（用化学方程式解释）。
9．如图是氯化钠溶液的配制和粗盐中难溶性杂质的去除(需要计算粗盐的产率)实验活动中的部分操作。
⑴仪器a的名称是。
⑵配制6%的氯化钠溶液和粗盐中难溶性杂质的去除都要用到的实验操作是（填序号）。
⑶A中玻璃棒搅拌的作用是使氯化钠。
如果B中的滤液仍然浑浊，就应该。
D操作中，当观察到蒸发皿中出现时，停止加热。
10．碳酸钠在生产和生活中有着广泛的用途。
某同学为了学习碳酸钠的化学性质，开展了如下探究活动。
【设计与实验】分别取适量的碳酸钠溶液于4支试管中，完成如右图所示的实验。
⑴实验一中，观察到溶液变为蓝色。
⑵实验二中，当观察到不再产生气泡时，溶液中存在的阴离子是 (填化学符号)。
⑶实验三中，反应的化学方程式为。
⑷实验四中，看到有白色沉淀产生，该化学反应的基本类型是。
【得出结论】根据以上实验，得出了碳酸钠的化学性质，即：碳酸钠能与指示剂反应、能与酸反应、能与某些碱反应、能与某些溶液反应。
【反思与提高】⑴在完成实验三时没有看到明显的实验现象，可能的原因是。
⑵发现草木灰的主要成分碳酸钾在组成上与碳酸钠有相似之处，于是对草木灰的主要成分进行了检验，其实验操作、现象和结论是。
能力提升1．新冠肺炎疫情期间，为预防病毒传染和扩散，要求用84消毒液洗手。
84消毒液的主要成分是次氯酸钠（NaClO），则NaClO属于（）A．盐B．酸C．碱D．氧化物2．下列有关物质用途的说法，不正确的是（）A．氯化钠可用作食品调味剂 B．碳酸氢钠可用来治疗胃酸过多C．生石灰可作为食品干燥剂 D．铁制容器可用来盛装波尔多液3．下列关于“粗盐中难溶性杂质的去除”的实验活动，其中操作有错误的是（）A．粗盐溶液过滤后，如果滤液仍浑浊，应更换滤纸再过滤一次B．蒸发皿放在铁圈上直接用酒精灯加热C．蒸发滤液时要用玻璃棒不断搅拌D．用酒精灯持续加热到蒸发皿内水分全部蒸干4．下列试剂中，能把稀硫酸、KOH溶液、CaCl2溶液一次性鉴别出来的是（）A．KCl溶液B．K2CO3溶液C．稀盐酸D．NaNO3溶液5．甲、乙、丙、丁四种物质，存在关系：甲＋乙→丙＋丁。
下列说法正确的是（）A．若丙、丁为盐和水，则甲、乙一定为酸和碱B．若甲为单质，则该反应一定是置换反应C．若该反应为复分解反应，则生成物中一定有水D．若甲为10g、乙为20g，则反应生成丙和丁的质量总和一定不大于30g6．下列离子在水中能大量共存，并形成无色溶液的是（）A．Fe3+、Na+、NO3-、Cl-C．H+、K+、SO42-、OH-B．K+、Na+、Al3+、SO42-D．Mg2+、NO3-、OH-、Cl-7．某同学为除去食盐水中的Na2SO4杂质，进行了以下实验：下列有关说法错误的（）A．X为BaCl2溶液 B．Y为Na2CO3C．Z为稀盐酸 D．步骤③与④可交换8．A与B有如下的反应：A＋B→C＋D，请根据题意解答：⑴若A为一种钾盐，低钠盐是将普通碘盐中的部分氯化钠用C代替。
若A、B两溶液恰好反应完全，生成能使澄清石灰水的无色气体，则反应后溶液的PH 7（填“＜”、“＞”或“＝”）；写出A、B两溶液反应的化学方程式。
⑵若B常用来改良酸性土壤；D是重要的化工原料且与B的类别相同；B与CO2反应也能生成C；则A的化学式为，C的用途是（只要写一种），写出B溶液与CO2反应的化学方程式。
9．X是常见的碳酸盐，可发生如下图所示的变化，部分生成物省略。
根据下图回答问题。
⑴C的化学式是。
⑵写出图中①反应的化学方程式，该反应基本类型是。
8．⑴CaCO3；⑵Na2CO3＋Ca(OH)2=CaCO3↓+2NaOH；复分解反应。
补钙剂、建筑材料等。
10．取某碳酸钠样品放入烧杯中，加入95.8g水充分溶解，再向其中加入稀硫酸，反应放出气体的总质量与所加入稀硫酸的质量关系曲线如图所示，请通过计算回答：⑴当加入196g稀硫酸时，放出气体的质量为g；⑵计算加入的稀硫酸溶液中溶质的质量分数为；⑶求出加入98g稀硫酸（即A点）时烧杯中溶液中溶质的质量分数（写出计算过程）。
【参考答案】基础巩固1～7．D、B、B、A、AC、B；8．⑴NaHCO3；⑵可溶；⑶2NaHCO3Na2CO3＋H2O＋CO2↑。
9．⑴漏斗；⑵AC；⑶搅拌加快溶解速率；检查后重新过滤；大量晶体。
10．⑵SO42-；⑶Ca(OH)2＋Na2CO3＝CaCO3↓＋2NaOH；⑷复分解反应。
盐。
【反思与提高】⑴澄清石灰水完全变质；⑵取适量草木灰的浸泡液于试管中，滴加稀盐酸；实验现象：产生气泡；实验结论：草木灰主要成分是碳酸钾。
能力提升1～7．A、D、D、B、D、C、D；8．⑴＝；K2CO3＋2HCl＝2KCl＋CO2↑＋H2O；⑵Na2CO3；补钙剂、建筑材料等；CO2＋Ca(OH)2＝CaCO3↓＋H2O。
9．⑴CaCO3；⑵Na2CO3＋Ca(OH)2=CaCO3↓+2NaOH；复分解反应。
补钙剂、建筑材料等。
10．⑴4.4 g；⑵10%；⑶7.1%11.2 化学肥料一．选择题（共15小题）1．重过磷酸钙[Ca（H2PO4）2]是一种常用的化学肥料，它属于（）A．氮肥B．磷肥C．钾肥D．复合肥2．碳酸氢铵（NH4HCO3）既是食品加工中常见的添加剂，也是农业上常用的一种化肥，这种化肥属于（）A．氮肥B．磷肥C．钾肥D．复合肥料3．今年春季，我市多地出现旱情，为了增强农作物的抗旱能力，小刚建议父母施用磷肥，下列物质属于磷肥的是（）A．K2SO4B．CO（NH2）2C．Ca3（PO4）2D．KNO34．物质的组成和构成决定性质，性质决定用途。
下列叙述正确的是（）A．氢氧化钠溶液和碳酸钠溶液都显碱性，因为它们在溶解时都电离出了OH ﹣B．尿素（CO（NH2）2）、HNO3、NH4HCO3中都含氮元素，可用作氮肥C．汽油是一种有机物，可以作为有机溶剂使用D．生铁坚硬，可以作医疗手术器械5．农作物生长需要含较多氯、磷、钾元素的化肥，下列关于化肥的有关说法正确的是（）A．氮肥能促进农作物根系发达，增强吸收养分和抗寒抗旱能力B．常见的磷肥有过磷酸钙，过磷酸钙的化学式是Ca（H2PO4）2C．（NH4）2SO4化肥不能与碱性物质混合施用，因为铵盐与碱混合能产生一种使湿润的蓝色石蕊试纸变红的气体，从而降低肥效D．KNO3属于一种复合肥料6．下列说法正确的是（）A．水能降温，实验桌面上的酒精燃烧可用水浇灭B．土壤中缺乏氮、钾两种营养元素，可将氯化铵和含碳酸钾的草木灰混合施用C．向鸡蛋清溶液中加入饱和硫酸铵溶液，有白色沉淀析出，发生的是物理变化D．将t℃的硝酸钾不饱和溶液变为饱和溶液的方法有：加入硝酸钾、蒸发溶剂、升高温度7．小强发现外公家的庄稼生长不茂盛，叶色发黄，茎杆较细，还出现倒伏现象，他建议外公施一种复合肥料，这种复合肥料是（）A．CO（NH2）2B．KCl C．Ca3（PO4）2D．KNO38．下列与化肥相关说法错误的是（）A．玉米叶片发黄，可施用适量氨水B．硫酸钾可增强植物抗倒伏和病虫害的能力C．水稻结实率低、籽粒干瘪，可施用适量磷矿粉D．熟石灰可检验某复合肥中是否含氮元素9．化肥对提高农作物的产量具有重要作用。
现有：氯化钾、磷酸钙、硫酸铵、硝酸钾四种化肥，其中从外观即可与其他化肥区分开的是（）A．氯化钾B．磷酸钙C．硫酸铵D．硝酸钾10．小明用“闻气味”的方法将家里的一种化肥鉴别出来了，这种化肥是（）A．硫酸钾B．碳酸氢铵C．硝酸铵D．尿素[CO（NH2）2]11．下列化肥：尿素、磷矿粉、氯化铵，按下列方法，能将它们区别开来的是（）A．看颜色，与碱混合B．溶解性，闻气味C．看状态，溶解性D．闻气味，与碱混合12．如图是某同学鉴别NH4HCO3、NH4C1、KCl三种化肥的过程，其中试剂甲和乙分别可能是（）A．甲：熟石灰；乙：稀盐酸B．甲：水；乙：氢氧化钠溶液C．甲：氢氧化钠溶液；乙：水D．甲：稀盐酸；乙：氯化钠溶液13．下列实验操作符合科学的是（）A．使用燃着的木条检验天然气是否泄漏B．加入熟石灰研磨可以检验铵态氮肥C．探究海波的熔化特点时，用酒精灯外焰对装有海波的试管底部加热D．安装家庭电路时，控制灯泡的开关应装在零线上14．下列有关实验现象的描述不正确的是（）A．电解水实验中，与电源正极相连的玻璃管内生成的气体能使带火星的木条复燃B．向硫酸铜溶液中逐滴加入稀氢氧化钠溶液，可以观察到有蓝色沉淀生成C．铵态氮肥与碱（氢氧化钠）混合加热，产生的气体能使湿润的红色石蕊试纸变蓝D．铁丝在空气中剧烈燃烧，火星四射，放出大量的热，生产一种白色固体15．关爱健康、保护环境，下列做法正确的是（）A．大量使用农药、化肥，使农作物增产B．焚烧树叶，减少垃圾的运输量C．加高烟囱，减少二氧化硫对环境的污染D．工业废气处理后再排放，保护大气二．填空题（共3小题）16．化学帮助我们认识身边的物质。