上海中考英语专项冲刺专项二：小猫钓鱼
上海中考英语专项冲刺专项二：小猫钓鱼
----小猫钓鱼
【题型介绍】
该题型考查学生词汇应用；，题量总共8道，分值8分，每道题一分。五选四将词汇的考查放在了语篇中，着重强调语法和词汇知识在特定情景中的应用。
(1)考查词性之间关系和句子结构分析能力以考查动词、名词、形容词、副词为主，也考查连词、介词、短语等；
(2)考查词性之间关系和句子结构分析能力；
(3)逻辑方面考察上下文联系。
【各个击破】
高频考查词汇
【解题技巧】
1. 判断词性的技巧：
a. 如何判断需要选择名词：
a /an/the +n. , adj.+ n. , vt. +n.即空格处前面为冠词、形容词或者及物动词的，空格处应填入名词；
n. v. 即空格处后面是动词的，空格处应填入该动词的主语(名词)；
prep. +n.即空格处前面是介词的，空格处充当介词宾语，用填入一个名词或动名词。
Eg: ①When a friend stops talking to you for a day or two, your mi nd will get crazy with the ____46_____ that
perhaps you did something wrong. (2019普陀区一模) keys:A. thoug hts
②It will have bad ____50_____ on you as you start to focus your e nergy on others but not yourself.
(2019普陀区一模)keys: B. effects
③Gradually, the talented young man went from being a supporting act or to a __49___ movie star.
(2019松江区一模)keys: A. successful
b. 如何判断需要选择动词：
n./pron. vt.n./pron. 即空格前面已有名词/代词作主语，后面又有名词/代词作为动词的宾语，空格处应为
及物动词；
n./pron. vi. 即空格处前面是名词/代词，后面没有宾语，空格处应填不及物动词；
n./pron. vi. adv./prep. 即空格处前面是名词/代词，空格处后面是副词/介词，空格处应填入不及物动词，与副词/介词构成固定搭配；
n./pron. link v./be. adj. 即空格处前面是名词/代词，后面是形容词，空格处应填入系动词或be动词；
to v. 即空格处前有不定式标志to，空格处应填入动词原形；另一种情况to是介词，后面应填入动名词
v. and v. 即空格前是动词+并列连词或选择连词，空格后也考虑填动词。
Eg:①We want to be well-liked by those around us and not to ____4 9_____ any unnecessary trouble.
(2019普陀区一模) keys: E. Create
②When caring about others’opinions is taking control of your life, maybe it’s time for you to stop and
____51_____ what you really want and make some changes.(2019普陀区一模) keys: E. Consider
③Much of the action 48 ______ at the same time ---- the man in pri son running away, the policemen running
after them and planning to catch them.(2019奉贤区一模) keys: C. took place
c. 如何判断需要选择形容词：
adj. n. 或n.adj. 即空格处前面或者后面为名词的，空格处应填入形容词；
adv. adj. 即空格处前面是副词的，空格处应填入形容词；
link/be v. adj. 即空格处前面是系动词或be动词的，空格处应填入形容词作表语。
Eg: ①Although this is not good enough, it’s still a ____48_____ th ing that happens among us. (2019普陀一模〕keys: C. common
②At school it is not so easy to learn a foreign language because stud ents have so ____53____time for it and
they are busy with other lessons, too. (2019长宁区一模) keys: D. li ttle
③The system is able to provide the physical location of mobile phone s, which makes it __52___ to get to
the scene. (2019嘉定区一模) keys: B. quicker
d. 如何判断需要选择副词：
adv. v. 或v.adv.即空格处前面或者后面为动词的，空格处应填入副词；
adv. adj. 即空格处后面是形容词的，空格处应填入副词。
Eg: ①Some people have very good memories, and can ____50____le arn long poems by heart.
(2019长宁区一模) keys: C. easily
②When I arrived at the head’s house, he opened the door and looke
d at m
e as i
f I was __49__ mad.
(2019虹口区一模) keys: B. completely
③The other two boys are both 14 years old. When most boys of th eir age are spending their time
______51_____on study, the three young singers show themselves t o thousands of people.(2019金山区一模)
keys: C. mainly
在五选四中，文章的逻辑关系对于考生把握整篇文章是很重要的，文章的逻辑关系通过一些逻辑关系词体
常见的逻辑关系词如下：
并列关系：and , or, as well as 等
对比关系：but , however 等
举例关系：for example等
Eg: ①These films were simple, _49_____at that time people liked th ese films very much.
(2019奉贤区一模)keys: E. but
②They can use their hands 49 humans. (2019徐汇区一模) keys:
A. As well as
③First of all, the color of the hat should match the color of your ski n and hair, 50 , black hats should be avoided if you are dark skinn ed. (2019浦东区一模) keys:D. for example
3．比较填词：
通过词义判断(即通过同词性词汇的中文意思是否符合文章的整体意思，由此判断是不是最合适的选项)和
Eg: 2019虹口区一模
A)mainly B) completely C) managed to D) looked forward to E) organized
In October last year, I was working at a school in Cambridge and it was only my second month in the job. At the end of the month the hea d teacher __46__ a party for all the new teachers. It was a good chance to get to know my new colleagues and I really __47__ it. As the party was on 31st October, I thought it was a Halloween party. So, the day be fore the party, I went to a costume hire shop and __48__ get a witch’s costume (女巫的服装). When I arrived at the head’s house, he opened t he door and looked at me as if I was __49__ mad. All the other teacher s were wearing normal clothes.
【解析】46.分析句子结构，这边缺少谓语动词，在C、D和E中选择，根据句意选E。
47. 分析句子结构，这边缺少谓语动词，在C、D中选择，根据句意选D。
48. and后的词应该与went并列，需要动词过去时，只有C 符合。
49. 在I was mad这句话中，应用副词来修饰mad，只能选B。
A) ages B) methods C) in charge D) silly E) sud denly
It was the end of term of in June and the students were doing their exams. I was __50__ that day and, as usual before the start of the exa m, I told the students all the rules: no talking, no mobile phones and so on. I was walking up and down between the rows of desks when __51__ my own phone rang. That was bad enough, but the telephone had a real ly __52__ring tone (音色). All the students looked up at me. It took me __53_ to find the phone in mu bag and my face went bright red. One of the students was laughing so much that she fell out of her chair.
【解析】50.was后加形容词、名词、介词短语等，这边应在C和D之间选，根据句意选C
51.判断这边应该用副词，只有E符合。
52. 应用形容词来修饰后面的名词，只有D符合。
53.take sb +一段时间to do sth.来判断这边应该加表示时间段的名词，应选A。
【专题过关】
Dogs are not the only animals that can be trained to help peopl e. Helping Hands, an organization in the USA, trains capuchin monkeys t o be helpers for people in wheelchairs who cannot move their arms or le gs. More than 20 years ago, Dr.M.J Willard thought that a monkey might be able to help with some 46 homework. She was right. Monke ys can 47 be trained to help people, they are also wonderful partne rs.
Capuchin monkeys are found in the wild in South Central Ameri ca. They are about the 48 of a friendly and good with their hands. They can use their hands 49 humans.
【解析】46.由空格前后名词判断，前面应填形容词，有根据句意所以用basic基本的。
47.根据后面also,所以应选E not…only。
48.空格前定冠词，所以后面应填名词，所以应选B。
49.根据句意它们能跟人类一样地很好的用手，所以选A。
Everyday tasks, like turning on a light, putting something in the fridge, o r pressing 〝play〞on a CD player, can be difficult for someone who ca n not use his or her arms and legs. Capuchin monkeys can easily perfor
m these tasks. This allows their owners more 50 .They can do thin gs on their own and can live 51 .Helping hands matches people with disabilities to monkeys who can help them. But the close 52 between the monkeys and their owners happen all on their own. The monkeys and their owners become friends and learn to depend on each other. Some owners say the monkeys are almost like children to them. Th e monkeys can be naughty(调皮的〕and sometimes like to play tricks on their owners. This is especially true of young monkeys. Mostly, they like to 53 their owners. They like the sweets they receive when they do a good job, and they like to be praised.
【解析】46.根据句意〞它能给他们主人更多地自由〞所以用freedom 自由。
47.空格前动词live, 这里可填副词，且根据句意〝它能独立地生活〞所以选D。
48.空格后是形容词close，所以应填名词，所以应选C。
49.根据空格前是动词不定时to，所以这里应填动词原形，所以应选A取悦。
f the time, people wear hats to protect themselves from bad weather conditions. Hat s are also worn to 46 politeness and as signs of social position. B ut nowadays, hats, especially women’s hats, are 47 more than th at. In fact, hats have changed into fashion and style symbols by many m ovie stars. What’s more, people now consider many different features (特点)when choosin
g even a simple hat. Many 48 point out that, w
h en choosing the right hat,it’s important to consider the color of your s kin 49 your hair, your height, and the shape of your face.
【解析】46题通过题意应该是表示礼貌，选E
47题比较级more前面用much修饰
48题many后接可数名词复数，选A
49题前后应该是表示和的关系，用as well we
F Array irst of all, the color of the hat should match the color of your skin and hair, 50 , black hats should be avoided if you are dark skinned. Second, the height of the hat is 51 an important point. Tall women should not go for hats with tall crowns, just as short women should choose hats with upturned brims to give the look of height. Most importantly, the shape of the face decides the kind of hat one should 52 . A small, gentle hat t hat fits the head looks good on a small face. However, women with big, round faces should choose a 53 style. As the saying goes, 〝Fine f eathers make fine birds.〞A good hat can not only help your dress but also support your features, so why not choose the best possible one next time you want to be in public?
【解析】50. For example放在句首，后面举出例子
51题根据题意缺一个副词also
52题should后加动词原形，选E
53题需要加一个形容词，different style
【学法提炼】
1.最关键的是要改变孤立的记忆单词的不良学法，做到词不离句，句不离篇，做到词汇的情景使用。
2.不要孤立的看文章，一定注意句子的上下文衔接和本句的语法结构，因为选一个就少一个，一发而动全身。
3.结合句子成分和单词的词性帮助解题，并且在对比相同词性单词的词义后做题。
【课后练习】
Complete the following passage with the words or phrases in the bo x. Each one can only be used once(将以下单词或词组填入空格。每空格限填一词，每词或词组只能填一词)〔共8分〕
Michelle was flying from Houston to London，and during the ____46 ____，she began talking to John，the man in the seat next to her．She f ound out that he was president of a ____47____ jeans company based in Texas；in fact，she was wearing a pair of blue jeans from his company!
But that wasn’t the most ____48____ thing．He had lived in San F rancisco when he was in high school，and it turned out that he knew Mi chelle’s best friend，who also grew up in San Francisco! They continued talking．And ____49____ the flight，they felt that they had known each
Now students’English handwriting gets worse and worse. That mak es their teachers feel worried. Is your English handwriting beautiful? If n ot, here are four 50 that really work!
◆Use paper with lines
Using paper with lines can keep you writing straight 51 up or down when you write English words or sentences. Those lines on the pa per can help you to write words in the right size. Be sure to fill the line d space 52 . And make sure those capital letters(大写字母) are wr itten properly.
◆Slow down
If your writing is hard to read, try slowing down a little. For some kids, going slower makes the handwriting clear. If you write too fast , it’s hard for you to stop where you should, and even worse, you may mak e more 53 .
Keys: EACD50-53 DEBA
Complete the following passage with the words or phrases in the bo x. Each word or phrase can only be used once(将以下单词或词组填入空格。每空格限填一词，每词或词组只能填一次)：〔共8分〕
A.follow
B.nervous
C.culture
D.leave for
E.confident
Studying abroad is a colorful experience. Not only do you get a cha nce to know a new 46 up close, but you also learn to get over new c hallenges(挑战). If you plan to study abroad, you’d better 47some usefu l tips.
Firstly, before you 48your destination country, make sure to learn ab out the country. Every country has it own culture, which may be different from yours. Therefore, to get used to the local way of living in a short time, you must know what the people eat, how they dress up and also what their sensitive issues(敏感问题) are. Besides, you can catch a few o f the commonly-used words of the local language there. What’s more, fi nd out about the laws of the land before you get there. This way you’ll be 49about how exactly you should behave yourself.
A.ready
B.extremely
C.make sure
D.prepare
E. Instead
Next, 50 you have all necessary documents(文件) with you before you set off to foreign countries to study. It’s suggested that you make c opies of both your passport and visa(签证), in case you might need to ge t a new one during your stay there. What’s more, at least one other me mber of your family should have a passport
51 so that you can have someone by your side if you fall ill. Also, it’s a good idea to carry a few copies of your photo, in case you need to use one.
Thirdly, when you decide to study abroad, it’s 52important that yo u research well before deciding on a university. Don’t just mainly believ e what the advertisements say.53 , talk to people who have completed th
eir studies from that country or who are planning to move to the same c ountry.
Keys 46-49 CADE 50-53 CABE
Complete the following passage with the words or phrases in the bo x. Each word or phrase can only be used once: (8分)
In ancient times the most common form of advertising was by word of mouth. As printing developed in the 15th and 16th country, the first st eps___51___ modern advertising were taken. In the 17th century advertise ments started to appear in ___52___ newspaper in England and within a century, advertising became very popular.
As the economy was expanding during the 19th century, the need for advertising grew ___53___. In 1843 the first advertising agency was esta blished in Philadelphia.
At first the agencies were just brokers (经济人) for ad ___54___ in newspaper, but in the 20th century, advertising agencies started to take ov er responsibility for the content as well.
If you want to grow, you need to expand your personal capacity. It’s an important topic that deserves ___55___ reminder. Expanding your pe rsonal capacity is essential for your personal growth. It will take you to t he next level in life. It will make you a better person. For that, what yo u need to do is taking a new ___56___. You should move out of your c omfort zone and do something that stretches your skills and abilities. It’s inconvenient, but that’s ___57___ to grow.
Perhaps you already have an idea for a side business. It could come from your hobby or from a specific need that you come across. Why do
n’t you make it a reality this year? Having a side business is a good w ay to expand your capacity because it will teach you a lot ___58___. Plu s, it could give you an extra cushion in this uncertain economic times.
Keys 51-54 BCEA 55-58ECAB