2018年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试英语试题及答案(全国卷2)
2018年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试英语试题及答案（全国卷2）（考试时间：120分钟试卷满分：150分）注意事项：1. 答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。
2. 作答时，务必将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷及草稿纸上无效。
3. 考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。
录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5短对话，每段对话后有一个小题，从题中给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。
听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。
每段对话仅读一遍。
例：How much is the shirt？A.￡19.15.B.￡9.18.C.￡9.15.1. What does John find difficult in learning German？A.Pronunciation.B.Vocabulary.C.Grammar.2. What is the probable relationship between the speakers？A.Colleagues.B.Brother and sister.C.Teacher and student.3. Where does the conversation probably take place？A. In a bank.B. At a ticket office.C. On a train.4. What are the speakers talking about？A.A restaurant.B.A street.C.A dish.5. What does the woman think of her interview？A.It was tough.B.It was interesting.C.It was successful.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白，每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。
听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。
每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6.When will Judy go to a party？A.On Monday.B.On Tuesday.C.On Wednesday.7.What will Max do next？A.Fly a kite.B.Read a magazine.C.Do his homework.听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。
8. What does the man suggest doing at first？A.Going to a concert.B.Watching a movie.C.Playing a computer game.9. What do the speakers decide to do？A.Visit Mike .B.Go boating.C.Take a walk.听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
10. Which color do cats see better than humans？A.Red.B.Green.C.Blue.11. Why do cats bring dead birds home？A.To eat them in a safe place.B.To show off their hunting skills.C.To make their owners happy.12. How does the man sound at the end of the conversation？A.Grateful.B.Humorous.C.Curious.听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
13. Who is Macy？A.Ed’s m other.B.Ed’s teacher.C.Ed’s friend.14. How does Ed usually go to kindergarten？A.By car.B.On foot.C.By bus.15.What does Ed enjoy doing at the kindergarten？A.Telling stories.B.Singing songs .C.Playing with others.16.What do the teachers say about Ed？A.He’s clever.B.He’s quiet.C.He’s brave.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17.At what age did Emily start learning ballet？A.Five.B.Six.C.Nine.18.Why did Emily move to Toronto？A.To work for a dance school.B.To perform at a dance theater.C.To learn contemporary dance.19.Why did Emily quit dancing？A.She was too old to dance.B.She failed to get a scholarship.C.She lost interest in it.20.How does Emily feel about stopping training？A.She’s pleased.B.She’s regretful.C.She’s upset第二部分阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)第一节 (共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
ASummer ActivitiesStudents should read the list with their parents/careers, and select two activities they would like to do. Forms will be available in school and online for them to indicate their choices and return to school. Before choices are finalised, parents/careers will be asked to sign to confirm their child’s choices.21.Which activity will you choose if you want to go camping?A.OUT.B.WBP.C.CRF.D.POT.22.What will the students do on Tuesday with Mrs. Wilson?A. Travel to London.B. See a parade and fireworks.C. Tour central Paris.D. Visit the WWI battlefields.23.How long does Potty about Potter last?A. Two days.B. Four days.C. Five days.D. One week.BMany of us love July because it’s the month when nature’s berries and stone fruits are in abundance. These colourful and sweet jewels form British Columbia’s fields are little powerhouses of nutritional protection.Of the common berries, strawberries are highest in vitamin C, although, because of their seeds, raspberries contain a little more protein (蛋白质), iron and zinc (not that fruits have much protein). Blueberries are particularly high in antioxidants (抗氧化物质). The yellow and orange stone fruits such as peaches are high in the carotenoids we turn into vitamin A and which are antioxidants. As for cherries (樱桃), they are so delicious who cares? However, they are rich in vitamin C.When combined with berries of slices of other fruits, frozen bananas make an excellent base for thick, cooling fruit shakes and low fat “ice cream”. For this purpose, se lect ripe bananas for freezing as they are much sweeter. Remove the skin and place them in plastic bags or containers and freeze. If you like, a squeeze of fresh lemon juice on the bananas will prevent them turning brown. Frozen bananas will last several weeks, depending on their ripeness and the temperature of the freezer.zx.x.kIf you have a juicer, you can simply feed in frozen bananas and some berries or sliced fruit. Out comes a “soft-serve” creamy dessert, to be eaten right away. This makes a fun acti vity for a children’s party; they love feeding the fruit and frozen bananas into the top of the machine and watching the ice cream come out below.24. What does the author seem to like about cherries?A. They contain protein.B. They are high in vitamin A.C. They have a pleasant taste.D. They are rich in antioxidants.25. Why is fresh lemon juice used in freezing bananas?A. To make them smell better.B. To keep their colour.C. To speed up their ripening.D. To improve their nutrition.26. What is “a juicer” in the last paragraph?A. A dessert.B. A drink.C. A container.D. A machine.27. From which is the text probably taken?A. A biology textbook.B. A health magazine.C. A research paper.D. A travel brochure.CTeens and younger children are reading a lot less for fun, according to a Common Sense Media report published Monday.While the decline over the past decade is steep for teen readers, some data in the report shows that reading remains a big part of many children’s lives, and indicates how parents might help encourage more reading.According to the report’s key findings, “the proportion (比例) who say they ‘hardly ever’ read for fun has gone from 8 percen t of 13-year-olds and 9 percent of 17-year-olds in 1984 to 22 percent and 27 percent respectively today.”The report data shows that pleasure reading levels for younger children, ages 2—8, remain largely the same. But the amount of time spent in reading each session has declined, from closer to an hour or more to closer to a half hour per session.zxx.kWhen it comes to technology and reading, the report does little to counsel(建议) parents looking for data about the effect of e-readers and tablets on reading. It does point out that many parents still limit electronic reading, mainly due to concerns about increased screen time.The most hopeful data shared in the report shows clear evidence of parents serving as examples and important guides for their kids when it comes to reading. Data shows that kids and teens who do read frequently, compared to infrequent readers, have more books in the home, more books purchased for them, parents who read more often, and parents who set aside time for them to read.As the end of school approaches, and school vacation reading lists loom(逼近) ahead, parents might take this chance to step in and make their own summer reading list and plana family trip to the library or bookstore.28. What is the Common Sense Media report probably about?A. Children’s reading habits.B. Quality of children’s books.C. Children’s after-class activities.D. Parent-child relationships.29. Where can you find the data that best supports "children are reading a lot less for fun"?A. In paragraph 2.B. In paragraph 3.C. In paragraph 4.D. In paragraph 5.30. Why do many parents limit electronic reading?A. E-books are of poor quality.B. It could be a waste of time.C. It may harm children’s health.D. E-readers are expensive.31. How should parents encourage their children to read more?A. Act as role models for them.B. Ask then to write book reports.C. Set up reading groups for them.D. Talk with their reading class teachers.DWe’ve all been there: in a lift, in line at the bank or on an airplane, surrounded by people who are, like us, deeply focused on their smartphones or, worse, struggling with the uncomfortable silence.What’s the problem? It’s possible that we all have compromised conversational intelligence. It’s more likely that none of us start a conversation because it’s awkward and challenging, or we think it’s annoying and unnecessary. But the next time you find yourself among strangers, consider that small talk is worth the trouble. Experts say it’s an invaluable social practice that results in big benefits.Dismissing small talk as unimportant is easy, but we can’t forget that deep relationships wouldn’teven exist if it weren’t for casual conversation. Small talk is the grease(润滑剂) for social communication, says Bernardo Carducci, director of the Shyness Research Institute at Indiana University Southeast. ＂Almost every great love story and each big business deal begins with small talk,＂ he explains. ＂The key to successful small talk is learning how to connect with others, not just communicate with them.＂In a 2014 study, Elizabeth Dunn, associate professor of psychology at UBC, invited people on their way into a coffee shop. One group was asked to seek out an interaction(互动) with its waiter; the other, to speak only when necessary. The results showed that those who chatted with their server reported significantly higher positive feelings and a better coffee shop experience. ＂It’s not that talking to the waiter is better than talki ng to your husband,＂ says Dunn. ＂But interactions with peripheral(边缘的) members of our social network matter for our well-being also.＂Dunn believes that people who reach out to strangers feel a significantly greater sense of belonging, a bond with others. Carducci believes developing such a sense of belonging starts with small talk. ＂Small talk is the basis of good manners,＂ he says.32. What phenomenon is described in the first paragraph?A. Addiction to smartphones.B. Inappropriate behaviours in public places.C. Absence of communication between strangers.D. Impatience with slow service.33. What is important for successful small talk according to Carducci?A. Showing good manners.B. Relating to other people.C. Focusing on a topic.D. Making business deals.34. What does the coffee-shop study suggest about small talk?A. It improves family relationships.B. It raises people’s confidence.C. It matters as much as a formal talk.D. It makes people feel good.35. What is the best title for the text?A. Conversation CountsB. Ways of Making Small TalkC. Benefits of Small TalkD. Uncomfortable Silence第二节 (共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。
2018年3月普通高等学校招生全国统一考试(天津卷)英语笔试试题(word版)
2018 年3 月天津高考英语试卷第一部分：英语知识运用（共两节，满分45 分）第一节：单项填空（共15 小题；每小题1 分，满分15 分）从A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
例：Stand over there you’ll be able to see it better.A．or B．and C．but D．while答案是B。
1．—Shall I tell John our secret?—No, you mustn’t. .A．Take it easy B．It sounds like a great ideaC．If you don’t mind D．It’s just between you and me 2．Professional skills are tools like a knife or a hammer. You need to complete the things you want to do.A．it B．that C．them D．ones 3．—What’s wrong with the door?—The key has got stuck in it and come out.A．shouldn’t B．mustn’t C．needn’t D．won’t4．—I know you want to talk about this report, but I’d like to tell you about our new partner.—_. We can talk about him later.A．Let’s stick to the point B．It’s nice of youC．It’s really hard to say D．Y ou’ll make it5．It’s easy to get lost when you drive in a new city, so it’s important to a good map before you set out.A．study B．display C．deliver D．publish 6．Mrs. Taylor went around the shops, what she thought was necessary.A．ordered B．orderingC．to have ordered D．having been ordered7．There was a long wait at the reception desk, everyone was checking in.A．why B．which C．whom D．where8．I jumped with joy the moment I my driver’s license in the mail.A．receive B．received C．had received D．would receive 9．Can we stop the ______ of the world’s deserts and save the land that man depends so much on?A．loss B．heat C．spread D．defence 10．He studied hard and later became a well-known writer, which was his father had expected.A．why B．how C．that D．what 11．There have been many advances in medicine in recent years. That means money for medical research has been well spent.A．used B．using C．to use D．to be used 12．When people want to expand their knowledge, they usually books that offer useful information.A．point to B．turn to C．attend to D．belong to 13．Make sure you save all your work on screen the computer breaks down.A．in case B．as if C．so that D．even though 14．Jane wishes that she foreign trade instead of literature when she was in college.A．studied B．had studiedC．would study D．might have studied15．What was it brought you two together? Was it your love of music?A．as B．who C．that D．which第二节：完形填空（共20 小题；每小题1.5 分，满分30 分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从16～35 各题所给的A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
2018高考英语试题全国卷及答案.doc
绝密★启用前2018年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试英语第一部分：听力（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共5小题：每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）1．What is the man going to do?A．Open the window. B．Find another room. C．Go out with the woman.2．What do we know about Peter Schmidt?A．He has lost his ticket. B．He is expecting a ticket. C．He went out to buy a ticket.3．What do we know about mother and son?A．She wants to tell him the result of the game.B．She doesn’t like him to watch TV.C．She knows which team he supports.4．What are the speakers talking about?A．Exam results. B．Time for the exam. C．Change of class hours.5．What will the woman tell the man?A．Her company’s name.B．Her new address. C．Her phone number.第二节（共15小题：每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）6．What is the possible relationship between the woman and the man?A．Wife and husband. B．Doctor and patient. C．Boss and secretary 7．What does the woman think about the man?A．He is not good to the children.B．He is not telling the truth.C．He sleeps too much.8．Where does the woman want to go?A．An office. B．A fruit shop. C．A police station. 9．What does the woman have to do now?A．Wait for Mark at the crossroads.B．Walk ahead and turn right.C．Walk a little way back.10．What exactly does the man want to find out?A．What people think of the bus service.B．How many people are using the bus service.C．Which group of people use the bus service most often.11．What does the woman say about the bus service?A．The distance between bus stops is too long.B．The bus timetables are full of mistakes.C．Buses are often not on time.12．Why does the woman say her husband is fortunate?A．He often goes to work in a friend’s car.B．He doesn’t need to go shopping by bus.C．He lives close to the bus station.13．What is the probable relationship between the two speakers?A．Salesperson and customerB．Old school friendsC．Fellow workers14．What do we know about the woman?A．She is fond of her work. B．She is tired of traveling. C．She is interested in law.15．What is the man?A．A company manager. B．A salesperson. C．A lawyer.16．Why does the woman ask for the man’s address?A．To send him a book.B．To get together with him.C．To repair something at his home.17．What is the aim of the program?A．To keep trainees in shape.B．To improve public relations.C．To develop leadership skills.18．Which of the following will the trainess be doing during the program?A．Attenling lectures on managementB．Preparing reports for the company.C．Making plans for a journey.19．How long will the program last?A．8 days B．12 days C．20 days.20．If people want to join the program, what should they do after the meeting?A．Take a pre-test B．Pay for the program. C．Sign on a piece of paper.第二部分：英语知识运用（共两节，满分45分）第一节：单项填空（共15小题：每小题1分，满分15分）21．Don’t be afraid of asking for help it is needed.A．unless B．since C．although D．when22．A cook will be immediately fired if he is found in the kitchen.A．smoke B．smoking C．to smoke D．smoked23．Allen had to call a taxi because the box was to carry all the way home.A．much too heavy B．too much heavy C．heavy too much D．too heavy much24．—Sorry, Joe, I didn’t mean to…—Don’t call me “Joe”. I’m Mr Parker to you, and you forget it!A．do B．didn’t C．did D．don’t25．If anybody calls, tell them I’m out, and ask them to their name and address.A．pass B．write C．take D．leave26．The sign reads “In case of fire, break the glass and push red button.”A．不填；a B．不填；the C．the; the D．a;a27．All morning as she waited for the medical report from the doctor, hernervouseness .A．has grown B．is growing C．grew D．had grown28．A left luggage office is a place where bags be left for a short time, especially at a railway station.A．should B．can C．must D．will29．We’re going to the bookstore in John’s car. You can come with us you can meet us there later.A．but B．and C．or D．then30．Why don’t you put the meat in the fridge? It will fresh for several days.A．be stayed B．stay C．be staying D．have stayed31．News reports say peace talks between the two countries with no agreement reached.A．have broken down B．have broken out C．have broken in D．have broken up32．—There’s coffee and tea: you can have .—Thanks.A．either B．each C．one D．it33．—Susan, go and join your sister cleaning the yard.—Why ? John is sitting there doing nothing.A．him B．he C．I D．me34．The old couple have been married for 40 years and never once with each other.A．they had quarreled B．they have quarreledC．have they quarreled D．had they quarreled35．—I think you should phone Jenny and say sorry to her.— .It was her fault.A．No way B．Not possible C．No chance D．Not at all第二节：完形填空（共20小题：每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从36—55各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。
2020普通高等学校招生全国统一考试英语试题(全国卷2,含解析)
2018年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试英语试题（全国卷2）（考试时间：120分钟试卷满分：150分）注意事项：1. 答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。
2. 作答时，务必将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷及草稿纸上无效。
3. 考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分听力做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。
录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节听下面5短对话，每段对话后有一个小题，从题中给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。
听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。
每段对话仅读一遍。
例：How much is the shirt？A.￡19.15.B.￡9.18.C.￡9.15.1. What does John find difficult in learning German？A. Pronunciation.B. Vocabulary.C. Grammar.【答案】C2. What is the probable relationship between the speakers？A. Colleagues.B. Brother and sister.C. Teacher and student.【答案】A3. Where does the conversation probably take place？A. In a bank.B. At a ticket office.C. On a train.【答案】B4. What are the speakers talking about？A. A restaurant.B. A street.C. A dish.【答案】A5. What does the woman think of her interview？A. It was tough.B. It was interesting.C. It was successful.【答案】C第二节听下面5段对话或独白，每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。
2018年浙江高考英语试题 (有详细答案)
绝密★启用前2018年6月普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（浙江卷）第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分35分）第一节（共10小题；每小题2.5分，满分25分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。
AIn1812,theyearCharlesDickenswasborn,therewere66novelspublished inBritain.Peoplehadbeenwritingnovelsforacentury—mostexpertsdatet hefirstnoveltoRobinsonCrusoein1719—butnobodywantedtodoitprofessionally.Thesteam-poweredprintingpress wasstillinitsearlystages;theliteracy（识字）rateinEnglandwasunder50%.Manyworksoffictionappearedwithoutthename softheauthors,oftenwithsomethinglike“Byalady.”Novels,forthemostpart,werelookeduponassilly,immoral,orjustplainba d.In1870,whenDickensdied,theworldmournedhimasitsfirstprofessiona lwriterandpublisher,famousandbeloved,whohadledanexplosioninbothth epublicationofnovelsandtheirreadershipandwhosecharacters—fromOli verTwisttoTinyTim—wereheldupasmoraltouchstones.TodayDickens’gre atnessisunchallenged.Removinghimfromthepantheon（名人堂）ofEnglishliteraturewouldmakeaboutasmuchsenseastheLouvresellingoff the MonaLisa.HowdidDickensgettothetop?Forallthefeelingsreadersattachtostori es,literatureisanumbersgame,andthetestoftimeisextremelydifficultt opass.Some60,000novelswerepublishedduringtheVictorianage,from1837 to1901;todayacasualreadermightbeabletonameahalf-dozenof them.It’s partlytruethatDickens’styleofwriting attractedaudiencesfromal lwalksoflife.It’spartly thathiswritingsrodeawaveofsocial,po liticalandscientificprogress.Butit’salsothatherewrotethecultureo fliteratureandputhimselfatthecenter.Noonewilleverknowwhatmixoftal ent,ambition,energyandluckmadeDickenssuchasingularwriter.Butasthe 200thanniversaryofhisbirthapproaches,itispossible—andimportantfo rourownculture—tounderstandhowhemadehimselfalastingone.21.WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesBritishnovelsinthe18th century?A.Theyweredifficulttounderstand.B.Theywerepopularamongtherich.C.Theywereseenasnearlyworthless.D.Theywerewrittenmostlybywomen.22.DickensiscomparedwiththeMonaLisainthetexttostress________.A.hisreputationinFranceB.hisinterestinmodernartC.hissuccessinpublicationD.hisimportanceinliterature23.Whatistheauthor’spurposeinwritingthe text?A.Torememberagreatwriter.B.TointroduceanEnglishnovel.C.Toencouragestudiesonculture.D.TopromotevaluesoftheVictorianage.BStevenSteinlikestofollowgarbagetrucks.Hisstrangehabitmakessens ewhenyouconsiderthathe’sanenvironmentalscientistwhostudieshowtor educelitter,includingthingsthatfalloffgarbagetrucksastheydrivedow ntheroad.Whatisevenmoreinterestingisthatoneof?Stein'sjobsisdefend inganindustrybehindtheplasticshoppingbags.Americansusemorethan100billionthinfilmplasticbagseveryyear.Som anyendupintreebranchesoralonghighwaysthatagrowingnumberofcitiesdo notallowthematcheckouts(收银台).Thebagsareprohibitedinsome90citiesinCalifornia,includingLos Angeles.Eyeingtheseheadwinds,plastic-bagmakersarehiringscientists like?Stein?to?makethecasethattheirproductsarenotasbadfortheplanet asmostpeopleassume.Amongthebagmakers'argument:manycitieswithbansstillallowshopper s?to?purchasepaperbags,whichareeasilyrecycledbutrequiremoreenergy ?to?produceandtransport.Andwhileplasticbagsmaybeugly?to?lookat,th eyrepresentasmallpercentageofall?garbage?onthegroundtoday.Theindustryhasalsotakenaimattheproductthathasappearedasitsrepl acement:reusableshoppingbags.Thestrongerareusablebagis,thelongeri tslifeandthemoreplastic-baguseitcancelsout.However,longer-lasting reusablebagsoftenrequiremoreenergy?to?make.Onestudyfoundthatacott onbagmustbeusedatleast131timestobebetterfortheplanetthanplastic.Environmentalistsdon'tdispute（质疑）thesepoints.Theyhopepaperbagswillbebannedsomedaytooandwantshopper s?to?usethesamereusablebagsforyears.24.WhathasStevenSteinbeenhiredtodo?A.Helpincreasegrocerysales.B.Recyclethewastematerial.C.Stopthingsfallingofftrucks.D.Arguefortheuseofplasticbags.25.Whatdoestheword“headwinds”inparagraph2referto?A.Bansonplasticbags.B.Effectsofcitydevelopment.C.Headachescausedbygarbage.D.Plasticbagshungintrees.26.Whatisadisadvantageofreusablebagsaccordingtoplastic-bagmakers?A.Theyarequiteexpensive.B.Replacingthemcanbedifficult.C.Theyarelessstrongthanplasticbags.D.Producingthemrequiresmoreene rgy.27.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.Plastic,PaperorNeitherB.Industry,PollutionandEnvironmentC.RecycleorThrowAwayD.GarbageCollectionandWasteControlCAsculturalsymbolsgo,theAmericancarisquiteyoung.TheModelTFordwasbuilt atthePiquettePlantinMichiganacenturyago,withthefirstrollingofftheassemblyline （装配线）onSeptember27,1908.Onlyelevencarswereproducedthenextmonth.Buteventually HenryFordwouldbuildfifteenmillionofthem.ModernAmericawasbornontheroad,behindawheel.Thecarshapedsomeofthemostla stingaspectsofAmericanculture:theroadsidediner,thebillboard,themotel,eventheha mburger.Formostofthelastcentury,thecarrepresentedwhatitmeanttobeAmerican—goingforwardathighspeedtofindnewworlds.Theroadnovel,theroadmovie,thesearet hemosttypicalAmericanideas,bornofabundantpetrol,cheapcarsandanever-endingi nterstatehighwaysystem,thelargestpublicworksprojectinhistory.In1928HerbertHooverimaginedanAmericawith“achickenineverypotandacarineve rygarage.”Sincethen,thissocietyhasmovedonward,neverlookingback,asthecartran sformedAmericafromafarm-basedsocietyintoanindustrialpower.zxx.k ThecarsthatdrovetheAmericanDreamhavehelpedtocreateaglobalecologicaldisaste r.InAmericathedemandforoilhasgrownby22percentsince1990. Theproblemsofexcessive（过度的）energyconsumption,climatechangeandpopulationgrowthhavebeendescribedinabo okbytheAmericanwriterThomasL.Friedman.Hefearstheworst,buthopesforthebest. Friedmanpointsoutthatthegreeneconomy（经济）isachancetokeepAmericanstrength.“Theabilitytodesign,buildandexportgreentech nologiesforproducingcleanwater,cleanairandhealthyandabundantfoodisgoingtobe thecurrencyofpowerinthenewcentury.”28.Whyishamburgermentionedinparagraph2?A.ToexplainAmericans’lovefortravellingbycar.B.ToshowtheinfluenceofcarsonA mericanculture.C.TostressthepopularityoffastfoodwithAmericans.D.TopraisetheeffectivenessofAmerica’sroadsystem.29.WhathastheuseofcarsinAmericaledto?A.Declineofeconomy.B.Environmentalproblems.C.Ashortageofoilsupply.D.Afarm-basedsociety.30.WhatisFriedman’sattitudetowardsAmerica’sfuture?A.Ambiguous.B.Doubtful.C.Hopeful.D.Tolerant.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。
2018年英语高考全国卷二(含参考答案)
绝密★启用前2018年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试英语（考试时间：120分钟试卷满分：150分）注意事项：1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。
2.作答时，务必将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷及草稿纸上无效。
3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。
录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5短对话，每段对话后有一个小题，从题中给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。
听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。
每段对话仅读一遍。
例：Howmuchistheshirt?A.￡19.15.B.￡9.18.C.￡9.15.1.WhatdoesJohnfinddifficultinlearningGerman?A.Pronunciation.B.Vocabulary.C.Grammar.2.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Colleagues.B.Brotherandsister.C.Teacherandstudent.3.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Inabank.B.Ataticketoffice.C.Onatrain.4.Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?A.Arestaurant.B.Astreet.C.Adish.5.Whatdoesthewomanthinkofherinterview?A.Itwastough.B.Itwasinteresting.C.Itwassuccessful.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白，每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。
(完整版)2018年高考英语试题(全国卷1)word+答案
绝密★启用前2018年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试英语（考试时间：120分钟试卷满分：150分）第二部分阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)第一节(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
AWashington, D.C. Bicycle ToursCherry Blossom Bike Tour in Washington, D.C.Duration TourThis small group bike tour is a fantastic way to see a world-famous cherry trees with beautiful flowers of Washington, D.C. Your guide will provide a history lesson about the trees and the famous monuments where they blossom. Reserve your spot before availability —the cherry blossoms—disappear!Washington Capital Monuments Bicycle TourDuration:3 hours (4 miles)Join a guided bike tour and view some of the most popular monuments in Washington, D.C. Explore the monuments and memorials on the National Mall as your guide shares unique facts and history at each stop. Guided tour includes bike, helmet, cookies and bottled water.Capital City Bike Tour In Washington, D.C.Duration:3 hoursMorning or Afternoon, this bike tour is the perfect tour for D. C. newcomers and locals looking to experience Washington, D.C. in a healthy way with minimum effort. Knowledgeable guides will entertain you with the most ,interesting stories about Presidents, Congress, memorials, and parks. Comfortable bikes and a smooth tour route(路线）make cycling between the sites fun and relaxing.z.xxkWashington Capital Sites at Night Bicycle TourDuration:3 hours(7miles)Join a small group bike tour for an evening of exploration in the heart of Washington, D.C. Get up close to themonuments and memorials as your bike the sites of Capitol Hill and the National Mall. Frequent stops are made for photo taking as your guide offers unique facts and history. Tour includes bike, helmet, and bottled water. All riders are equipped with reflective vests and safety lights.21.Whichtour do you need to book in advance?A. Cherry Blossom like Tour in Washington, D.C.B. Washington capital Monuments Bicycle Tour.C. Capital City Bike Tour in Washington,D.C.D. Washington Capital Sites at Night Bicycle Tour.22.What will you do on the Capital City Bike Tour?A. Meet famous people.B. Go to a national park.C. Visit well-known museums.D. Enjoy interesting stories.23.Which of the following does the bicycle tour at night provide?A. City maps.B. Cameras.C. MealsD. Safety lightsBGood Morning Britain’s Susanna Reid is used to grilling guests on the sofa every morning, but she is cooking up a storm in her latest role —showing families how to prepare delicious and nutritious meals on a tight budget.In Save Money: Good Food, she visits a different home each week and with the help of chef Matt Tebbutt offers top tips on how to reduce food waste, while preparing recipes for under £5 per family a day. And the Good Morning Britain presenter says she’s been able to put a lot of what she’s leant into practice in her own home, preparing meals for sons, Sam,14, Finn,13, and Jack, 11."We love Mexican churros, so I buy them on my phone from my local Mexican takeaway restaurant," she explains. "I pay £5 for a portion(一份), but Matt makes them for 26p a portion, because they are flour, water, sugar and oil. Everybody can buy takeaway food, but sometimes we’re not aware how cheaply we can make this food ourselves. "The eight-part series(系列节自), Save Money: Good Food, follows in the footsteps of ITV’s Save Money: Good Health, which gave viewers advice on how to get value from the vast range of health products on the market.With food our biggest weekly household expense, Susanna and Matt spend time with a different family each week. In tonight’s Easter special they come to the aid of a family in need of some delicious inspiration on a budget.The team transforms the family’s long weekend of celebration with less expensive but still tasty recipes.24. What do we know about Susanna Reid?A. She enjoys embarrassing her guests.B. She has started a new programme.C. She dislikes working early in the morning.D. She has had a light budget for her family.25. How does Matt Tebbutt help Susanna?A. He buys cooking materials for her.B. He prepares food for her kids.C. He assists her in cooking matters.D. He invites guest families for her.26. What does the author intend to do in paragraph 4?A. Summarize the previous paragraphs.B. Provide some advice for the readers.C. Add some background information.D. Introduce a new topic for discussion.27. What can be a suitable title for the text?A. Keeping Fit by Eating SmartB. Balancing Our Daily DietC. Making yourself a Perfect ChefD. Cooking Well for LessCLanguages have been coming and going for thousands of years, but in recent times there has been less coming and a lot more going. When the the world was still populated by hunter-gatherers,small, tightly knit (联系)groups developed their own patterns of speech independent of each other.Some language experts believe that 10,000 years ago, when the world had just five to ten million people, they spoke perhaps 12,000 languages between them.Soon afterwards, many of those people started settling down to become farmers, and their languages too became more settled and fewer in number. In recent centres, trade,industrialisation. the development of the nation-state and the spread of universal compulsory education. Especially glbalisation and better communications in the past few decades,all have caused many Languages to disappear,and dominant languages such as English．Spanish and Chinese are increasingly taking over.At present, the world has about 6 800 languages. The distribution of these languages is hugely uneven. The general rule is that mild zones have relatively few languages. Often spoken by many people while hot. wet zones have lots, often spoken by small numbers.Europe has only around 200 Languages: the Americas about 1,000. Africa 2 400; and Asia and the Pacific perhaps 3,200, of which Papua New Guinea alone accounts for well over 800. The median number (中位数)of speakers is a mere 6.000, which means that half the worlds languages are spoken by fewer people than that.z.x.xkAlready well over 400 of the total of, 6,800 languages are close to extinction(消亡), with only a few elderlyspeakers left. Pick, at random, Busuu in Cameroon (eight remaining speakers),Chiapaneco in Mexico(150). Lipan Apache in the United States(two or three)or Wadjigu in Australia (one, with a question-mark): none of these seems to have much chance of survival.28. What can we infer about languages in huntergatherer times?A.They developed very fast.B. They were large in number.C. They had similar patters.D. They were closely connected29. Which of the following best explains"dominant " underlined in paragraph 2？plex.B. Advanced.C.Powerful.D.Modem.30. How many languages are spoken by less than 6, 000 people at present?A.About 6 800B.About 3 400C.About 2.400D.About 1-20031. What is the min idea of the text?A. New languages will be created.B Peoples lifestyles are reflected in languagesC. Human development results in fewer languagesD. Geography determines language evolution.DWe may think we're a culture that gets rid of our worn technology at the first sight of something shiny and new, but a new study shows that we keep using our old devices(装置) well after they go out of style. That’s bad news for the environment — and our wallets — as these outdated devices consume much more energy than the newer ones that do the same things.To figure out how much power these devices are using, Callie Babbitt and her colleagues at the Rochester Institute of Technology in New York tracked the environmental costs for each product throughout its life — from when its minerals are mined to when we stop using the device. This method provided a readout for how home energy use has evolved since the early 1990s. Devices were grouped by generation — Desktop computers, basic mobile phones, and box-set TVs defined 1992. Digital cameras arrived on the scene in 1997. And MP3 players, smart phones, and LCD TVs entered homes in 2002, before tablets and e-readers showed up in 2007.As we accumulated more devices, however, we didn't throw out our old ones. "The living-room television is replaced and gets planted in the kids' room, and suddenly one day, you have a TV in every room of the house," saidone researcher. The average number of electronic devices rose from four per household in 1992 to 13 in 2007. We're not just keeping these old devices — we continue to use them. According to the analysis of Babbitt's team, old desktop monitors and box TVs with cathode ray tubes are the worst devices with their energy consumption and contribution to greenhouse gas emissions（排放）more than doubling during the 1992 to 2007 window.So what's the solution（解决方案）? The team's data only went up to 2007, but the researchers also explored what would happen if consumers replaced old products with new electronics that serve more than one function, such as a tablet for word processing and TV viewing. They found that more on-demand entertainment viewing on tablets instead of TVs and desktop computers could cut energy consumption by 44%.32. What does the author think of new devices?A. They are environment-friendly.B. They are no better than the old.C. They cost more to use at home.D. They go out of style quickly.33. Why did Babbitt's team conduct the research?A. To reduce the cost of minerals.B. To test the life cycle of a product.C. To update consumers on new technology.D. To find out electricity consumption of the devices.34. Which of the following uses the least energy?A. The box-set TV.B. The tablet.C. The LCD TV.D. The desktop computer.35. What does the text suggest people do about old electronic devices?A. Stop using them.B. Take them apart.C. Upgrade them.D. Recycle them.第二节(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。
2018年高考英语全国卷1-答案
2018普通高等学校招生全国统一考试英语答案解析第一部分听力第一节1.【答案】B【解析】原文：W: James, you’ve been watching TV for the whole evening. What’s on?M: It’s a science on the origin of the universe. I’ll give a presentation on it in my class tomorrow.2.【答案】C【解析】原文：M: Hello, do you have “The B est of Mozart”?W: Um, sorry, we’ve just sold out, but we can order on for you. If you give us your number, we’ll call you when the card arrives.3.【答案】C【解析】原文：M: We’d better be going now. Or we’ll be late for the train.W: No rush. It’s eight thirty. Now we still have two hours.4.【答案】B【解析】原文：M: I am so tired of trying all those hours to work.W: Yeath, I know what you mean. I used to drive two hours to work each way. But now I live within walking distance of my office. I don’t even need a bike.5.【答案】A【解析】原文：W: Hi, Andy, I didn’t see you in Professor Smiths’ class yesterday. What happened?M: Well, I had a headache, so I called him and asked for sick leave.第二节6.【答案】B7.【答案】A【解析】原文：W: The biggest mistake I made, uh, was leaving college in my last year and not competing myeducation. So, I’m thinking of going back to school.M: School? To study what?W: Ecology, I’m interested in the relation ship between humans and nature.M: Cool? Is it what you studied years ago?W: No, I majored in chemistry then.8.【答案】B9.【答案】C【解析】原文：M: Good morning, Madam. I am your guide for this trip.W: How lovely! Could you tell me about the hotel I’m going to stay at.M: Yes, of course! The Grand Hotel opened in nineteen ninety, and it sits on the seaside along the south coast highway.It is the most beautiful hotel here.W: That sounds great!M: And there are some restaurants outside. So at dinner time, you’d have a lot of choices.W: That’s really nice. I like to have some local food while traveling. What about the scenery around it?M: The hotel has the best views of the Pacific Ocean. Oh, I think I will love this hotel.10.【答案】C11.【答案】A12.【答案】B【解析】原文：W: Hi, Mike.M: Hi, Alice. Nice to see you. You don’t often come here.W: I usually have fast food delivered to my office. I just came here for a change today. The environment here is good, clean and relatively quiet.M: And I heard the food is tasty. By the way, are you going to the concert tomorrow evening?W: Yes, are you?M: Yeah! Catherine was supposed to go with me, but she may have to work extra hours tomorrow. Do you know anyone who might like to go?W: No, but if you like, I can ask around or Joan mi ght want to go. Oh, yes, she is a great fan of classical music. I’ll give her a ring after lunch.13.【答案】A14.【答案】A15.【答案】C16.【答案】B【解析】原文：W: Hi, I’ve only just arrived.M: Oh, good. Now, here are the keys. Let’s go in. There are two apartments. The one for rent is on the right. Do come in.W: Thank you. I like the carpet. The color is nice, isn’t it?M: Yes, and this apartment is in good condition. Here is your lounge(起居室，休息室).W: Where would we eat?M: There is this corner here, or you can use your kitchen, come and see!W: The kitchen is quite small.M: Yes, but it has everything , cooker, French window(落地窗) and dishwasher. And there are lots of cupboards. Let me show you the bedrooms. This is the smaller one. It’s a good size, though. Now come into the other bedroom.You can see the bathroom too.W: Yes, it is very nice. But I will have to ask my friend first and we will come together. I understand it is eight hundred dollars a month.M: Yes, but a few blocks down town would be much more expensive.W: Well, thank you. I will be in touch.17.【答案】C18.【答案】B19.【答案】C20.【答案】A【解析】原文：Thank you very much. Thank you, Doctor Johnson. Well, it is really great to be back at university again. The thing that I wanted to tell you today is this education is important. When I came to the US, I was only thinking about being a carpenter, but I could not read the newspaper. And I could not understand the news on the television or movies or anything like this. So I enter the city college to take English classes for foreign students. I was very proud that I was going to a college because no one in my family ever went to any college or to any university. You know, when you’re fifteen years old in my country, you finish school and then you learn a trade. And that’s exactly what I did when I was fifteen years old. I learned how to be a carpenter. A year later, I came to America. Luckily I met a very good teacher who encouraged me to take some math classes. And I became a full time college student. And today when I look back, I’m so happy because you never know where life will take you. All of a sudden, I started making money because I was really good at math. You know how to work out everything with math is so important. This is something that I learned when I started my own business, which is doing really well.第二部分阅读理解第一节21.【答案】A【解析】细节理解题。
2018年高考英语全国卷2含答案解析
徐老师2018年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试英语试题卷注意事项：1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。
2.作答时，务必将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷及草稿纸上无效。
3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。
录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节(共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话，每段对话后有一个小题，从题中给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。
听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。
每段对话仅读一遍。
例：How much is the shirt?A.￡19.15.B.￡9.18.C.￡9.15.答案是C。
1.What does John find difficult in learning German?()A.Pronunciation.B.Vocabulary.C.Grammar.2.What is the probable relationship between the speakers?()A.Colleagues.B.Brother and sister.C.Teacher and student.3.Where does the conversation probably take place?()A.In a bank.B.At a ticket office.C.On a train.4.What are the speakers talking about?()A.A restaurant.B.A street.C.A dish.第1页5.What does the woman think of her interview?()A.It was tough.B.It was interesting.C.It was successful.第二节(共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白，每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。
2018年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试 (新课标Ⅰ卷)含答案
密
考场号
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2018 年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试 (新课标
Ⅰ卷)
语文
注意事项：
1 ．答 题 前 ，先 将 自 己 的 姓 名 、准 考 证 号 填 写 在 试 题 卷 和 答 题 卡 上 ，并 将 准 考 证
号条形码粘贴在答题卡上的指定位置。
2．选择题的作答：每小题选出答案后，用 2B 铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案
标号涂黑，写在试题卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。
3 ．非 选 择 题 的 作 答 ：用 签 字 笔 直 接 答 在 答 题 卡 上 对 应 的 答 题 区 域 内 。写 在 试 题
卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。
4．考试结束后，请将本试题卷和答题卡一并上交。
一、现代文阅读（35 ห้องสมุดไป่ตู้）
一九三六年八月二日 （有删改）
4.下列对小说相关内容和艺术特色的分析鉴赏，不正确的一项是（3 分） A.小说以“赵一曼女士”为题，不同于以往烈士、同志、英雄等惯常用法，称谓的陌生化既 表达了对主人公的尊敬之意，又引起了读者的注意。 B.“通过对此人的严厉审讯，有可能澄清与苏联的关系”，这既是大野泰治向上级提出的建议，
也暗示他已从赵一曼那里得到有价值的回答。 C.“他指着石碑说，赵一曼?我说，对，赵一曼。”两个陌生人之间有意无意的搭讪，看似闲笔， 实则很有用心，说明赵一曼仍活在人们的记忆里。 D.医院是“我”与赵一曼的连接点，小说由此切入主人公监禁期间鲜为人知的特殊生活经历， 在跨越时空的精神对话中再现了赵一曼的英雄本色。 5.小说中说赵一曼“身上弥漫着拔俗的文人气质和职业军人的冷峻”，请结合作品简要分析。 （6 分） 6.小说中历史与现实交织穿插，这种叙述方式有哪些好处？请结合作品简要分析。（6 分） （三）实用类文本阅读（本题共 3 小题。12 分） 阅读下面的文字，完成 7-9 题。 材料一： 目前，中国科学院在京召开新闻发布会对外宣布，“墨子号”量子科学实验卫星提前并圆满实 现全部既定科学目标，为我国在未来继续引领世界量子通信研究奠定了坚实基础。 通信安全是国家信息安全和人类经济社会生活的基本要求。千百年来，人们对于通信安全的 追求从未停止。然而，基于计算复杂性的传统加密技术，在原理上存在着被破译的可能性。 随着数学和计算能力的不断提升，经典密码被破译的可能性与日俱增。中国科学技术大学潘 建伟说：“通过量子通信可以解决这个问题。也就是说，把量子物理与信息技术相结合，利 用量子调控技术，用一种革命性的方式对信息进行编码、存储、传输和操纵，从而在确保信 息安全、提高运算速度、提升测量精度等方面突破经典信息技术的瓶颈。” 量子通信主要研究内容包括量子密钥分发（量子保密通信）和量子隐形传态。量子密钥分发 通过量子态的传输，使遥远两地用户可以共享无条件安全的密钥.利用该密钥对信息进行一 次一密的严格加密。这是目前人类唯一已知的不可窃听。不可破译的无条件安全的通信方式。 量子通信的另一重要内容量子隐形传态。是利用量子纠缠特性可以将物质的未知量子态精确 传送到遥远地点，而不用传送物质本身，通过隐形传输实现信息传递。（摘编自吴月辉《“墨 子号”，抢占量子科技创新制高点》，《人民日报》2017 年 8 月 10 日） 材料二 潘建伟的导师安东·蔡格林，潘伟健的团队在量子互联网的发展方面冲到了领先地位，量子 互联网是由卫星和地面设备构成的能够在全球范围分享量子信息的网络。这将使不可的全球 加密通信成为可能，同时也使我们可以开展一些新的控制远距离量子联系的实验，目前，潘 建伟的团队计划发射第二颗卫星，他们还在中国的天宫二号空间站上进行着一项太空量子实 验，潘伟健说未来五年“还会去的很多精彩的成果，一个新时代已经到来“。 潘伟健是一个有无穷热情的乐观主义者。他低调了表达了自己的信心，称中国政府将会支持 下一个宏伟计划------一项投资 20 亿美元的量子通信、量子计量和量子计算的五年计划，与 此形成对照的是欧洲 2016 年宣布的旗舰项目，投资额为 12 亿美元。 （摘编自伊丽莎白·吉布尼《一位把量子通信带到太空又带回地球的物理学家》，《自然》2017 年 12 月）
2018上海高考试题及答案英语
2018年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（上海卷）英语试卷考生注意：1.考试时间120分钟, 试卷满分150分。
2.本考试设试卷和答题纸两部分。
试卷分为第I卷（第1－12页）和第II卷（第13页），全卷共13页。
所有答题必须涂（选择题）或写（非选择题）在答题纸上，做在试卷上一律不得分。
答题前,务必在答题纸上填写准考证号和姓名,并将核对后的条形码贴在指定位置上,在答题纸反而清楚地填写姓名。
第I卷(共103分)I. Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1. A. It is satisfactory. B. It is luxurious.C. It is old-fashioned.D. It is disappointing.2. A. On August 5th. B. On August 6th. C. On August 7th. D. On August 8th.3. A. A waiter. B. A butcher. C. A porter. D. A farmer.4. A. In a theatre. B. In a library. C. In a booking office. D. In a furniture store.5. A. She expected to a better show. B. She could hardly find her seat.C. She wasn’t interested in the show.D. She didn’t get a favourable seat.6. A. The woman often eats out for breakfast. B. The cafeteria serves good breakfast.C. The woman doesn’t have breakfast.D. The cafeteria doesn’t serve breakfast.7. A. Selling cucumbers. B. Planting vegetables. C. Cooking a meal. D. Picking tomatoes.8. A. The man should work hard. B. The man should turn down the job offer.C. The man may have another chance.D. The man can apply for the job again.9. A. It is a hot and smoggy day. B. There is a traffic jam on King Street.C. A vehicle is polluting the air.D. The man is reading a report online.10. A. Its ending is not good enough. B. Its special effects are not satisfying.C. It deserves an award.D. It is good except for the scary part. Section BDirections: In Section B, you will hear two short passages, and you will beasked three questions on each of the passages. The passages will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.11. A. $1. B. $2 C. $3 D. $ 52.12. A. Pay the bills first.B. Spend 2% of the salary on living expenses.C. Deposit $1000 every month.D. Put part of the money in a savings account.13. A. Methods of saving money.B. Saving money for family emergencies.C. The importance of saving money.D. Secrets of spending money wisely.Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.14. A. Free education.B. A sum of money.C. Donations from a local newspaper.D. Gifts from many people.15. A. Let students in before school.B. Offer ice cream and coffee.C. Introduce a bank into the campus.D. Reduce the traffic jams around.16. A. It lacks positive news.B. It should grow into a big city.C. It is a place worth living in.D. It remains peaceful and quiet.Section CDirections: In section C, you will hear two longer conversations. The conversations will be read twice. After you hear each conversation, you are required to fill in the numbered blanks with the information you have heard. Write your answers on your answer sheet.Blanks 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.Complete the form. Write ONE WORD for each answer.Blank 21 through 24 are based on the following conversation.Complete the form. Write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each answer.II. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections: After reading the passages below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form. of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.(A)Bags of LoveLast year, I was assigned to work at an office near my mother’s house, so I stayed with her for a month. During that time, I helped out with the housework and contributed to the groceries.After less than a week, I started noticing that the groceries were running out pretty quickly —we were always suddenly out of something.(25)_______(wonder) how my mum could consume them so quickly, I began observing her daily routine for two weeks. To my surprise, I found that she would pack a paper bag full of canned goods and head out every morning at about nine. Eventually, I decided to follow her and (26)_______ happened truly amazed me. She was taking the food to the refugee camp, in (27)______ she distributed it to children.I asked around and found out that my mum was very well known in the area. The kids were very friendly with her and even looked up to her as if she were their own mother. Then it hit me —shy would she mot want to tell me about what she (28)_____(do)? Was she worried about how I would react or that I would stop (29)_____(buy) the groceries if I found out?When she got home, I told her about my discovery. (30)_____ she could react, I gave her a big hug and told her she didn’t need to keep it a secret (31)______me. She told me that some of the children lived with an older lady in a shelter while others slept on the streets. For years, my mum has been helping out by giving them whatever food she could spare. I was so impressed by (32)_____ selfless she was.(B)Stress: Good or Bad?Stress used to be an almost unknown word, but now that we are used to talking about it, I have found that people are beginning to get stressed about being stressed.In recent years, stress(33)______(regard) as a cause of a whole range of medical problems, from high blood pressure to mental illness. But like so many other things, it is only too much stress(34)______ does you harm. It is time you considered that if there were no stress in your life, you would achieve a little. If you are stuck at home with no stress, then your level of performance will be low. Up to a certain point, the more stress you are under, the (35)_____(good) your performance will be. Beyond a certain point, though , further stress will only lead to exhaustion, illness and finally a breakdown. You can tell when you are over the top and on the downward slope, by asking yourself (36)_______ number of questions. Do you, for instance, feel that too much is being expected of (37)______, and yet find it impossible to say no? Do you find yourself getting impatient of (38) _____(annoy) with people over unimportant things?... If the answer to all those questions is yes, you had better(39)______(control ) your stress, as you probably are under more stress than is good for you.To some extent you can control the amount of stress in your life. Doctors have worked out a chart showing how much stress is involved in various events. Getting married is 50, pregnancy 40, moving house 20, Christmas 12,etc. If the total stress in your life is over 150, you are twice as likely (40)_______ (get )ill. Section BDirections: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box.Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than youneed.What makes good design? Over the years, designers and artists have been trying to 41 the essentials of good design. They have found that some sayings can help people understand the ideas of good design. There are four as follows.Less is more. This saying is associated with the German-born architect Mies van der Rohe. In his Modernist view, beauty lies in simplicity and elegance, and the aim of the designer is to create solutions to problems through the most efficient means. Design should avoid unnecessary 42More is not a bore. The American-born architect Robert Venturi concluded that if simplicity is done badly, the result is 43 design. Post-Modernist designers began to 44 with decoration and color again. Product design was heavily influenced by this view and can be seen in kitchen 45 such as ovens and kettles.Fitness for purpose. Successful product design takes into consideration a product’s function, purpose, shape, form, color, and so on. The most important result for the user is that the product does what is 46 . For example, think of a(n) 47 desk lamp. It needs to be constructed from materials that will stand the heat of the lamp and regular adjustments by the user. It also needs to be stable. Most importantly, it needs to 48 light where it is needed.From follows emotion. This phrase is associated with the German designer Hartmut Esslinger. He believes design must take into 49 the sensory side of our nature—sight, smell, touch and taste. These are as important as rational(理性的). When choosing everyday products such as toothpaste, we appreciate a cool-looking device that allows us to easily 50 the toothpaste onto our brush.III. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.In the 1960s, Douglas McGregor, one of the key thinkers in the art of management, developed the mow famous Theory X and Theory Y. Theory X is the idea that people instinctively 51 work and will do anything to avoid it. Theory Y is the view that everyone has the potential to find satisfaction in work.In any case, despite so much evidence to the 52 , many managers still agree to Theory X. They believe, 53 , that their employees need constant supervision if they are to work effectively, or that decisions must be imposed from 54 without consultation. This, of course, makes for authoritarian (专制的) managers.Different cultures have different ways of 55 people. Unlike authoritarian management, some cultures, particularly in Asia, are well known for the consultative nature of decision-making—all members of the department or work group are asked to 56 to this process. This is management by the collective opinion. Many western companies have tried to imitate such Asian ways of doing things, which are based on general 57 . Some experts say that women will become more effective managers than men because they have the power to reach common goals in a way that traditional 58 managers cannot.A recent trend has been to encourage employees to use their own initiative, to make decisions on their own without 59 managers first. This empowerment(授权) has been part of the trend towards downsizing: 60 the number of management layers in companies. After de-layering in this way, a company may be 61 with just a top level of senior managers, front-line managers and employees with direct contact with the public. Empowerment takes the idea of delegation (委托) much further than has 62 been the case. Empowerment and delegation mean new forms of management control to 63 that the overall business plan is being followed, and that operations become more profitable under the new organization, rather than less.Another trend is off-site or 64 management, where teams of people linked by e-mail and the Internet work on projects from their own houses.Project managers evaluate the 65of the team members in terms of what they produce for projects, rather than the amount of time they spend on them.51. A. desire B. seek C. lose D. dislike52. A. contrary B. expectation C. degree D. extreme53. A. vice versa B. for example C. however D. otherwise54. A. outside B. inside C. below D. above55. A. replacing B. assessing C. managing D. encouraging56. A. refer B. contribute C. object D. apply57. A. agreement B. practice C. election D. impression58. A. bossy B. experienced C. western D. male59. A. asking B. training C. warning D. firing60. A. doubling B. maintaining C. reducing D. estimating61. A. honoured B. left C. crowded D. compared62. A. economically B. traditionally C. inadequately D. occasionally63. A. deny B. admit C. assume D. ensure64. A. virtual B. ineffective C. day-to-day D.on-the-scene65. A. opinion B. risk C. performance D. attractivenessSection BDirection：Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished sattments. For each of them there are four choices markedA, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)One early morning, I went into the living room to find my mother reading a thick book called Best Loved Poems to Read Again and Again. My interest was aroused only by the fact that the word “Poems” appeared in big, hot pink letters.“Is it good?” I asked her.“Yeah,” she answered. “There’s one I really like and you’ll like it, too.” I leaned forward.“‘Patty Poem,’” she read the title. Who is Patty? I wondered. The poem began:She never puts her toys away,Just leaves them scattered①where they lay,…①散乱的The poem was just three short sections. The final one came quickly:When she grows and gathers poise②, ②稳重I’ll miss her harum-scarum③noise, ③莽撞的And look in vain④for scattered toys. ④徒劳地And I’ll be sad.A terrible sorrow washed over me. Whoever Patty was, she was a mean girl. Then, the shock.“It’s you, honey,” My mother said sadly.To my mother, the poem revealed a parent’s affection when her child grows up and leaves. To me, the “she” in the poem was horror. It was my mama who would be sad. It was so terrible I burst out crying.“What’s wrong?” my mother asked.“Oh Mama,” I cried. “I don’t want to grow up ever!”She smiled. “Honey, it’s okay. You’re not growing up anytime soon. And when you do, I’ll still love you, okay?”“Okay,” I was still weeping. My panic has gone. But I could not help thinking about that silly poem. After what seemed like a safe amount of time, I read the poem again and was confused. It all fit so well together, like a puzzle. The language was simple, so simple I could plainly understand its meaning, yet it was still beautiful. I was now fascinated by the idea of poetry, words that had the power to make or break a person’s world.I have since fallen in love with other poems, but “Patty Poem” remains my poem. After all, “Patty Poem” gave me my love for poetry not because it was the poem that lifted my spirits, but because it was the one that hurt me the most. 66. Why was the writer attracted by the book Best Loved Poems to Read Again and Again?A. It was a thick enough book.B. Something on its cover caught her eye.C. Her mother was reading it with interest.D. It has a meaningful title.67. After her mother read the poem to her, the writer felt ______ at first.A. sadB. excitedC. horrifiedD. confused68. The writer’s mother liked to read “Patty Poem” probably because______.A. it reflected her own childhoodB. it was written in simple languageC. it was composed by a famous poetD. it gave her a hint of what would happen69. It can be concluded from the passage that“Patty Poem”leads the writer to _______.A. discover the power of poetryB. recognize her love for puzzlesC. find her eagerness to grow upD. experience great homesickness（B）Is there link between humans and climate change or not? This question was first studied in the early 1900s. Since then, many scientists have thought that our actions do make a difference. In 1997, the Kyoto Protocol explained our role in the Earth’s changing atmosphere and set international limits for gas emissions(排放) from 2018 to 2012. Some countries have decided to continue these reductions until 2020. More recently, the Paris Agreement, stuck by nearly 200 countries, also aims to limit global warming. But just now how much warmer it will get depends on how deeply countries cut carbon emissions. This is how much temperatures would rise by 2100 even if nations live up to the initial Paris promises to reduce carbon emissions; this rise could still put coastalcities under water and drive over half of all species to extinction.2℃To meet this minimum goal, the Agreement requires countries to tighten emissions targets every five years. Even this increase could sink some islands, worse drought(干旱) and drive a decline of up to a third in the number of species.1.5℃This is the most ambitious goal for temperature rise set by the Paris Agreement, after a push by low-lying island nations like Kiribati, which say limiting temperature rise to 1.5℃could save them from sinking.0.8℃This is how much temperatures have risen since the industrial age began, putting us 40% of the way to the 2℃point.0℃The baseline here is average global temperature before the start of the industrial age.70. It can be concluded from paragraph 1 that _______.A. the problem of global warming will have been quite solved by 2020B. gas emissions have been effectively reduced in developed countriesC. the Paris Agreements is more influential than the Kyoto ProtocolD. humans have made continuous efforts to slow down global warming71. If nations could only keep the initial promises of the Paris Agreement, what would happen by the year 2100?A. The human population would increase by one third.B. Little over 50% of all species would still exist.C. Nations would not need to tighten their emissions targets.D. The Agreement’s minimum goal would not be reached.72. If those island nations not far above sea level are to survive, the maximum temperature rise, since the start of the industrial age, should be_______.A. 0.8℃B. 1.5℃C. 2℃D. 3.5℃(C)Enough “meaningless drivel”. That’s the message from a group of members of the UK government who have been examining how social media firms like LinkedIn gather and use social media data.The H ouse of Commons Science and Technology Committee’s report,released last week, has blamed firms for making people sign up to long incomprehensible legal contracts and calls for an international standard or kitemark (认证标记) to identify sites that have clear terms and conditions.“The term and conditions statement that we all carelessly agree to is meaningless drivel to anyone,” says Andrew Miller, the chair of the committee. Instead, he says, firms should provide a plain-English version of their terms. The simplified version would be checked by a third party and awarded a kitemark if it is an accurate reflection of the original.It is not yet clear who would administer the scheme, but the UK government is looking at introducing it on a voluntary basis. “we need to think through how we make that work in practice,” says Miller.Would we pay any more attention to a kitemark? “I think if you went and did the survey, people would like to think they would,” says Nigel Shadbolt at the University of Southampto n, UK, who studies open data. “We do know people worry a lot about the inappropriate use of their information.” But what would happen in practice is another matter, he says.Other organisations such as banks ask customers to sign long contracts they may not read or understand, but Miller believes social media requires special attention because it is so new. “We still don’t know how significant the long-term impact is going to be of unwise things that kids put on social media that come back and bite them in 20 years’ time,” he says.Shadbolt, who gave evidence to the committee, says the problem is that w e don’t know how companies will use our data because their business models and uses of data are still evolving. Large collections of personal information h ave become valuable only recently, he says.The shock and anger when a social media firm does something with data that people don’t expect, even if users have apparently p ermission, show that the current situation isn’t working. If properly administered, a kitemark on terms and conditions could help people know what exactly they are signing up to. Although they would still have to actually read them.73. What does the phras e “ meaningless drivel” in paragraphs 1 and 3 refer to?A. Legal contracts that social media firms make people sign up to.B. Warnings from the UK government against unsafe websites.C. Guidelines on how to use social media websites properly.D. Insignificant data collected by social media firms.74. It can be inferred from the passage that Nigel Shadbolt doubts whether _______.A. social media firms would conduct a survey on the kitemark schemeB. people would pay as much attention to a kitemark as they thinkC. a kitemark scheme would be workable on a nationwide scaleD. the kitemark would help companies develop their business models75. Andrew Miller thinks social media needs more attention than banks mainly because _______.A. their users consist largely of kids under 20 years oldB. the language in their contracts is usually harder to understandC. the information they collected could become more valuable in futureD. it remains unknown how users’ data will be taken advantag e of76. The writer advises users of social media to _______.A. think carefully before posting anything onto such websitesB. read the terms and conditions even if there is a kitemarkC. take no further action if they can find a kitemarkD. avoid providing too much personal information77. Which of the following is the best title of the passage?A. Say no to social media?B. New security rules in operation?C. Accept without reading?D. Administration matters!Section CDirections: Read the passage carefully. Then answer the questions or complete the statements in the fewest possible words.Walking will be banned on escalators as part of a trail designed ti reduce congestion(拥堵) at some of the country’s busiest stations.In the first move of its kind, all travelers will be forced to stand on both sides of escalators on the London Underground as part of a plan to increase capacity(容量) at the height of the rush hour.A xix-month trial will be introduced at Holborn station from mid-April, eliminating the rule of standing on the right and walking on the left. The move, imitating a similar structure in Far eastern cities such as Hong Kong, is designed to increase the number of people using long escalators at the busiest times . it could be expanded across the Tube network in coming years.According to London Underground, only 40 percent of travelers walk the full length of long escalators, leaving the majority at the bottom as they wait to get on to the “standing “side.A three-week trial at Holborn last year found that the number of people using escalators at any time of could be raised by almost a third. Peter McNaught, operations director at London Underground, said: “It may not seem right that you can go quicker by standing still, but our experiments at Holborn have proved that it can be true. This new six-month trial will help us find out if we can influence customers to stand on both sides in the long term.”Holborn has one of the longest sets of escalators on the Underground network at 23.4 high. Tube bosses claim that capacity was limited because so few people wanted to walk up—meaning only one side was used at all times. Research has shown that it is more effective use of escalators over 18.5 to ban walking.The previous trial found that escalators at the station normally carried 2,500people between 8:30am and 9:30am on a typical day, rising to 3,250 during the researching period.In the new trial, which will be launched from April 18, one of three “up”escalators will be standing only, with a second banning walking at peak times. A third will remain a mix of walking and standing.(Note: Answering the questions the questions or complete the statements in NO MORE THAN TEN WORDS.)78. What is the existing problem with standing on the right and walking on the left?79. What did last year’s three-week trial at Holborn station prove?80.The research suggests that walking should be forbidden on escalators that are at least _________ in height.81. In the new trail, in addition to one escalator banning walking in rush hours, the other “up” escalators will be used for_________________.第II卷(共47分)I.TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.1.我真希望自己的文章有朝一日能见报。