考研英语:阅读长难句汇总精华版(三)

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考研英语的长难句

考研英语的长难句

考研英语的长难句考研英语的长难句篇1一、逆序法逆序法即倒置法。

有些英语长句的表达次序与汉语习惯不同,甚至语序完全相反,这就必须从原文的后面译起,逆着原文的顺序翻译。

例如:“There was little hope of continuing my inquiries after dark to any useful purpose in a neighborhood that was strange to me.”该句可分为三部分①“There was little hope”;②“continuing my inquiries after dark to any useful purpose”;③“in a neighborhood that was strange to me.”前两层表结果,第三层表原因。

这句英语长句的叙述层次与汉语逻辑相反,因此要打破原句的结构,按照汉语造句的规律重新加以安排。

译为:这一带我不熟悉,天黑以后继续进行调查,取得结果的希望不大。

二、顺序法有些英语长句按逻辑关系安排,与汉语的表达方式比较一致,或者叙述的一连串动作按发生的时间先后安排,这类句子可按原文顺序译出,相比较要容易一些,大家可以按照正常的思维翻译即可。

三、分译法有些英语长句的主句与从句或主句与修饰语间的关系并不十分密切,为使意思连贯,建议考生们可把长句中的从句或短语化为句子分开来叙述,有时还可适当增加词语。

例如:“He became deaf at five after an attack of typhoid fever.”该句有两个介词短语,代表两层意思。

因此,按照分译法,打破原句的结构翻译成:他五岁的时候,生了一场伤寒病,变成了聋子。

四、综合法另有一些英语长句用前三种翻译方法翻译时都有困难,需要用综合法。

即或按时间先后,或按逻辑先后,或按逻辑顺序,有顺有逆地进行综合处理。

例如:“The phenomenon y in which light physically scatters when it passes through particles in the earth’s atmosphere that are1/10 in diameter of the color of the light.”该句可以分解为四个部分①“The phenomenon describes the way”;②“in which light physically scatters”;③“when it passes through particles in the earth‘s atmosphere”;④“that are1/10in diameter of the color of the light.”其中,第一、二和三、四部分之间是修饰与被修饰的关系。

考研英语 长难句解析10年阅读Text3

考研英语 长难句解析10年阅读Text3

本文选自2007年2月Harvard Business Review上一篇名为The Accidental Influentials的文章,主要讨论了影响社会流行潮的主要因素:人们普遍认为社会流行潮的出现主要是由少数有影响力的名人推动的,但新研究表明其关键因素却是大部分的直接受影响者能够积极有效地参与传播过程。

全文中在长难句方面,难度居中。

作为2010年考研英语试卷的第三篇阅读,句子难度必然会较前面题型有所提升,尤其是后半部分难度增加,再加上文中的一些难词,这必然会给考生造成理解上的障碍,以致最终影响做题得分。

下面就其中的典型例句进行分析:【典型例句1】:In their recent work, however, some researchers have come up with the finding that influentials have far less impact on social epidemics than is generally supposed.【例句解析】:本句中主干成分为some researchers have come up with the finding。

that influentials have far less impact on social epidemics than is generally supposed是同位语从句,解释说明finding;而从句中又含有一个than引导的比较状语从句,采用省略主语的结构。

【难点点拨】:influential:有影响力的人;social epidemic:社会流行潮【例句释义】:然而,在近期研究中,一些研究者已经发现:有影响力的人对于社会流行潮的影响要比通常认为的小得多。

【典型例句2】:Yet it is precisely these noncelebrity influentials who, according to the two-step-flow theory, are supposed to drive social epidemics, by influencing their friends and colleagues directly.【例句解析】:本句包含一个强调句型,即it is precisely…..who…..,用来强调主语,句子主干成分为these noncelebrity influentials are supposed to drive social epidemics。

考研英语阅读必背50个长难句

考研英语阅读必背50个长难句

考研英语阅读必背50个长难句1. It is difficult to the point ofimpossibility for the average reader under theage of forty to imagine a time when high- quality arts criticism could be found in most big-citynewspapers. (2010 T1 P2)对于平均年龄40岁以下的读者而言, 他们很难想象在大多数大城市的主流报纸上可以读到高质量的艺术评论的那一年代。

2. To read such books today is tomarvel at the fact that their learned contents were once deemed suitable for publication in general- circulation dailies. (2010 T1 P2)今天我们阅读这样的书籍,会惊讶于这样的一个事实:这些学术性文艺评论曾经被认为适合刊登在面向大众发行的日报上。

3. In those far-off days, it was taken for granted that the critics of major papers wouldwrite in detail and at length about the events they covered. (2010 T1 P3)在那些远去的日子里,主流报刊的评论家们详尽地评论所报道的事件,认为是理所当然的。

4. Curbs on business-method claimswould be a dramaticabout-face,because it was the Federal Circuit itself that introduced such patents with its1998 decision in the so- called State Street Bank case, approving a patent on a way of poolingmutual-fund assets. (2010 T2 P3)对于商业方法专利授予的限制将会出现巨大的转变,因为正是联邦巡回法院在1998年被称为"州街银行案"的决议中引入了这类专利,其中的共有资产投资的管理方法被授予了专利。

考研英语历年真题阅读长难句100句精析

考研英语历年真题阅读长难句100句精析

考研英语历年真题阅读长难句100句精析1、While warnings are often appropriate and necessary —the dangers of drug interactions,for example—and many are required by state or federal regulations,it isn't clear that they actually protect the manufacturers and sellers from liability if a customer is injured、【译文】尽管警告常常就是适当而且必须得——比如对于药物相互作用得危险提出警告——许多警告还就是按州或联邦政府规定要求给出得,然而(我们) 并不清楚,如果顾客受到伤害时,这些警告就是不就是确实可以使得生产者与销售者豁免责任。

【分析】在这个主从复合句中,it isn't clear that they actually protect the manufacturers and sellers from liability if a customer is injured就是主句。

主句用了一个形式主语it,真正得主语就是that引导得从句,而that从句之后就是一个if引导得条件从句。

从句由两个部分组成,中间用and连接。

破折号之间得部分就是举例说明warnings得内容。

注意:many are required by state or federal regulations中得many就是指many warnings。

2、Additional social stresses may also occur because of the population explosion or problems arising from mass migration movements—themselves made relatively easy nowadays by modern means of transport 、【译文】由于人口猛增或大量人口流动(现代交通工具使大量人口流动变得相对容易) 所引起得各种问题也会对社会造成新得压力。

考研英语典型长难句及解析之三

考研英语典型长难句及解析之三

考研英语典型长难句及解析之三1. We assumed that there were forces of attraction between molecules which varied rapidly with the distance so that the attraction between molecules that were more than a few ten millionths of a millimeter apart was very small but became considerable when the molecules approached more closely.结构分析:句子的框架是We assumed that there were forces of attraction…。

that引导宾语从句。

此宾语从句中套嵌一个由which引导的定语从句修饰先行词forces of attraction; so that the attraction between molecules…是so that结构引导的结果状语从句;在此状语从句中,除主干结构the attraction…was very small but became considerable…,又有that were more than a few ten-millionths of a millimeter apart做定语从句修饰先行词molecules和when the molecules approached more closely做状语从句,修饰…but became considerable。

considerable译为“相当大(或多的)”。

译文:我们曾经假定,分子之间存在着引力,这种引力随着分子之间距离的不同而有显著的变化,因而,在间距为千万分之几毫米的分子之间的引力是很小的,但是分子靠得很近时,这种引力会变得相当大。

考研英语阅读长难句lesson3

考研英语阅读长难句lesson3
微博/公众号:章晋林老师
阅读语法长难句Lesson3
冒号和破折号的出现,意味着同位语的出现 It usually leads to no good——drinking, drugs and casual sex.
微博/公众号:章晋林老师
阅读语法长难句Lesson3
冒号和破折号的出现,意味着同位语的出现 It usually leads to no good——drinking, drugs and casual sex(同位 语). 同位语取其一,在情感色彩明确的情况下,抽象化理解即可。
需要利用冒号之后内容): instead of thinking of it as something that can
be measured by moment-to-moment joy, we should consider being happy as a past-tense condition. Q:Jennifer Senior suggests in her article that raising a child can bring____ [A] temporary delight [B] enjoyment in progress [C] happiness in retrospect [D] lasting reward
核心:PDA法案判定如果因为员工怀孕而开除她是非法的
微博/公众号:章晋林老师
阅读语法长难句Lesson3
A,B,C A+C完整,B无视 Amateurs, on the other hand, have continued to pursue local studies in the old way. On the other hand不影响A+C的语法完整性

英语长难句详细笔记(三)

英语长难句详细笔记(三)

考研英语|英语长难句详细笔记(三)来!来!来!长达21页之多的超详细的英语长难句笔记来啦抓紧时间收藏、Mark、点赞!(等不及连载的童鞋可以编辑:英语长难句详细笔记+姓名+电话+学校+专业+邮箱地址发送到“大连跨考”微信公众号,巧儿姐姐会在统计好大家的信息后统一分发笔记~)话不多说,上笔记↓3三类非谓语动词1.It isn’t cold enough for there to be a frost tonight,so I can leave Jim’s car out quite safely.分析:there be的不定式在cold enough后表达结果,后面是结果状语译文:今夜不会冷到霜冻的程度,所以我可以放心地把吉姆的车停在外面。

2.Without telephone it would be impossible to carry on the function of practically every business operation in the whole country.分析:简单句,it是形式主语,不定式to carry on是句子的真正主语译文:如果没有电话,整个国家的任何商业活动都几乎无法正常运作。

3.They were divided on whether to go further by calling for a federal law that would impose a complete ban on human cloning.(、动名词)分析:复合不定式whether to go further作介词on的宾语,动名词短语calling for…是介词by的宾语,而that would impose…则是定语从句修饰law译文:他们在是否进一步要求联邦以法律强制执行完全禁止克隆人这一问题上存在分歧。

4.When the United States entered a glowing period after the end of the Second War,it had a market eight times larger than any competitor,giving its industries unparalleled economies of scale.分析:复合句,前面是时间状语从句,句面的主句含有比较关系,giving its industries…是分词短语作结果状语译文:二战结束后,美国进入了一段辉煌时期,其市场是任何竞争者的至少八倍,这为其各项提供了前所未有的经济规模。

考研英语长难句精析(全)

考研英语长难句精析(全)

考研英语长难句精析第一部分长难句基本句型近几年,考研英语出现了很多难句。

并且这些难句主要是长难句。

长难句的形成主要通过以下四种方式:复合从句、成分省略、使用插入语和改变句序。

这四种方式往往可以相互结合,从而形成更长的难句。

虽然形成长难句之方法有四,但是目的却只有一个,就是打断和打乱考生正常的阅读习惯和思维习惯,从而达到考察考生阅读能力和翻译能力的目标。

下面分别对这四种方式一一解析。

一、复合从句在考研中,复合从句中的从句最常见的是定语从句。

复合从句可分为简单复合从句和复杂复合从句。

本文将分词作状语和定语也归入从句范畴,当作一种更为灵活的从句形式。

这种语法处理,并不是从语言学研究角度进行的,而是从教学角度出发做出的从简处理。

(一)简单复合从句简单复合从句可以分为套用从句和并列从句两种。

套用从句,其实是最简单的长难句。

这类句子就像一根锁链,只要抓住句子的各个连接点,理出句子层次,就完全可以把握住。

在翻译定语从句时,“这(些/个)”常用来作为拆分句子的必用手段。

阅读时,定语从句一般可以跳过,实在不放心可以略读。

一般情况下,考研基本上不会在这种从句中有出题点。

并列从句大致有四种情况:并列从句修饰主语、谓语和宾语。

也就是说并列从句一般作定语或状语。

其实,并列从句和并列短语在语法功能上完全相同,只不过并列从句一般较长,会使考生在阅读中渐忘句子结构。

并列从句修饰主语,就是说并列从句作状语。

这种句子很简单。

翻译时,可以直译,把从句作定语,直接放在主语前面。

如果从句很长,可以使用复指代词。

另外,翻译从句先行词时,要注意词性的转换,比如hope/ suggest之类的词有名动两种译法。

考生要切忌拘于词性。

并列从句修饰谓语就是说这些从句作状语。

一般情况下,这些从句都不完整,多为现在分词短语和过去分词短语。

事实上,现在分词短语和过去分词短语作状语或者定语,都可以看作是从句的一种更加灵活的表达方式。

并列从句修饰宾语。

宾语有两种,一种是单纯宾语,另一种是介宾结构中的准宾语。

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考研英语:阅读长难句汇总精华版(三)36. "Is this what you intended to accomplish with your careers?" Senator Robert Dole asked Time Warner executives last week. "You have sold your souls, but must you corrupt our nation and threaten our children as well?"[参考译文]上星期参议员罗博特多尔质问时代华纳公司的高级管理人员们:"难道这就是你们希望能够成就的事业?你们已经出卖了自己的灵魂,但是难道你们还非要腐化我们的国家,威胁我们的孩子们吗?"37. "The test of any democratic society, he wrote in a Wall Street Journal column", "lies not in how well it can control expression but in whether it gives freedom of thought and expression the widest possible latitude, however disputable or irritating the results may sometimes be..."[参考译文]"对任何一个民主社会的考验,"他在《华尔街杂志》的一个专栏文章中写到,"不在于它能够多有效地控制各种意见的表达,而在于这个社会是否能给予思考和表达的尽可能广泛的自由,不管有时候这种结果是多么的富有争议或令人不快…"38. During the discussion of rock singing verses at last month΄s stockholders" meeting, Levin asserted that "music is not the cause of society΄s ills" and even cited his son, a teacher in the Bronx, New York, who uses rap to communicate with students.[参考译文]在-上个月的股东大会上关于摇滚歌词的讨论中,莱文宣称说:"音乐不是社会问题的原因",他甚至还以他的儿子为例。

他的儿子是纽约州布朗克斯的一个教师,并用说唱音乐与学生们进行沟通。

39. Much of the language used to describe monetary policy, such as "steering the economy to a soft landing" of "a touch on the brakes" , makes it sound like a precise science. Nothing could be further from the truth.[参考译文]有很多用于描述货币政策的词汇,例如"轻踩刹车"以"操纵经济软着陆",使货币政策听起来像是一门精确的科学。

没有什么比这更远离实际情况的了。

40. Economists have been particularly surprised by favorable inflation figures in Britain and the United States, since, conventional measures suggest that both economies, and especially America΄s, have little productive slack.[参考译文]经济学家们对英国和美国的有利的通货膨胀数据尤其感到惊讶,因为传统的计量方法显示两国的经济,特别是美国的经济,几乎没有生产萧条的时候。

41. The most thrilling explanation is, unfortunately, a little defective. Some economists argue that powerful structural changes in the world have upended the old economic models that were based upon the historical link between growth and inflation.[参考译文]很不幸,这最令人震惊的解释有一点缺陷。

一些经济学家认为世界经济结构的强有力的变化已经结束了那个以经济增长和通货膨胀的历史关联为基础的旧的经济模式。

42. The Aswan Dam, for example, stopped the Nile flooding but deprived Egypt of the fertile silt that floods left-all in return for a giant reservoir of disease which is now so full of silt that it barely generates electricity.[参考译文]例如,阿斯旺大坝使得尼罗河不再洪水泛滥,但是它也夺去了埃及以前所享有的洪水留下的肥沃淤泥--这些换来的就是这么个疾病滋生的水库,现在这个水库积满了淤泥,几乎不能发电了。

43. New ways of organizing the workplace--all that re-engineering and downsizing--are only one contribution to the overall productivity of an economy, which is driven by many other factors such as joint investment in equipment and machinery, new technology, and investment in education and training,[参考译文]企业重组的新方法--所有那些重新设计、缩小规模的做法--只是对一个经济的整体生产力做出了一方面的贡献。

这种经济还受许多其他因素的驱动,比如结合设备和机械上的投资、新技术,以及在教育和培训上的投资。

44. His colleague, Michael Beer, says that far too many companies have applied re-engineering in a mechanistic fashion, chopping out costs without giving sufficient thought to long-term profitability.[参考译文]他的同事迈克尔·比尔说,有太多的公司已经用一种机械的方式实行公司内部的重新设计,在没有充分考虑长期赢利的能力下削减了成本。

45. Defenders of science have also voiced their concerns at meetings such as "The Flight from Science and Reason" , held in New York City in 1995, and "Science in the Age of (Mis) information, which assembled last June near Buffalo.[参考译文]科学卫士们在会议上也表述了他们的关注,比如1995年在纽约市举行的"逃离科学与理性"会议,以及去年6月在布法罗附近召开的"(错误) 信息时代的科学"会议。

46. A survey of news stories in 1996 reveals that the antiscience tag has been attached to many other groups as well, from authorities who advocated the elimination of the last remaining stocks of smallpox virus to Republicans who advocated decreased funding for basic research.[参考译文]一项关于1996年新闻报道的调查显示,反科学的标签还可以贴在许多其他团体身上,从提倡消灭最后存留的天花病毒的权威机构,到鼓吹削减基础研究经费的共和党人(都被贴上了反科学的标签)。

47. The "true enemies of science, argues Paul Ehrllch of Stanford University, a pioneer of environmental studies, are those who question the evidence supporting global warming, the depletion of the ozone layer and other consequences of industrial growth.[参考译文]环境研究的先驱、斯坦福大学的保罗·厄尔里西认为,科学真正的敌人是那些对支持全球变暖、臭氧层损耗以及工业发展的其他后果的证据提出置疑的人。

48. This development--and its strong implication for US politics and economy in years ahead--has enthroned the South as America΄s most densely populated region for the first time in the history of the nation΄s head counting.[参考译文]这种发展--以及其对美国政治、经济在未来几年的潜在的强有力的影响一一使得南部在全国人口普查中有史以来首次成为美国人口最密集的地区。

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