英国文学选读unit3培训课件
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3英国文学第三次课件
2. Features of renaissance
★ It is a reviving curiosity for the classical literature. -- admire the Greek and Latin works; ★ It is the keen interest in the activities of humanity. Humanism is the key-note of the Renaissance.
English literature in the Renaissance Period
1.Poetry in the Renaissance period 1.1 Thomas Wyatt (1503-1542) He is the first to introduce the sonnet into English literature.
3.3 Shakespeare‘s contemporary and successor
Ben Jonson (1572-1637) was a forerunner of classicism in English literature and the Poet Laureate of James I., he is chiefly remembered for his comedies Volpone, or the Fox, The Alchemist.
Key points:
★ Chaucer‘s
major works; ★ Understanding The General Prologue in his ―The Canterbury Tales‖; ★ Chaucer‘s contribution to the English literary; ★ Major writers and their works in Renaissance Period.
英国文学史及选读Part III Geoffrey Chaucer.PPT
Part III Geoffrey Chauopular Ballads
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I. Geoffrey Chaucer
Geoffrey Chaucer (c. 1343 – October 25, 1400) was an English author, poet, philosopher, bureaucrat courtier (朝臣), and diplomat. Although he wrote many works, he is best remembered for his unfinished frame narrative (框架叙事;框架叙述) The Canterbury Tales.
5
Three periods of Chaucer's literary activity → Italian Period
Major works of the second period include The House of Fame, recounting the adventures of Aeneas after the fall of Troy; The Parliament of Fowls, which tells of the mating of fowls on St. Valentine's Day and is thought to celebrate the betrothal of Richard II to Anne of Bohemia; and a prose translation of Boethius ‘(波埃修斯) De consolatione philosophiae (《哲学的慰藉》).
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Three periods of Chaucer's literary activity → Italian Period
1
I. Geoffrey Chaucer
Geoffrey Chaucer (c. 1343 – October 25, 1400) was an English author, poet, philosopher, bureaucrat courtier (朝臣), and diplomat. Although he wrote many works, he is best remembered for his unfinished frame narrative (框架叙事;框架叙述) The Canterbury Tales.
5
Three periods of Chaucer's literary activity → Italian Period
Major works of the second period include The House of Fame, recounting the adventures of Aeneas after the fall of Troy; The Parliament of Fowls, which tells of the mating of fowls on St. Valentine's Day and is thought to celebrate the betrothal of Richard II to Anne of Bohemia; and a prose translation of Boethius ‘(波埃修斯) De consolatione philosophiae (《哲学的慰藉》).
4
Three periods of Chaucer's literary activity → Italian Period
英国文学Unit3 FrancisBacon
• Bacon’s Essays • What is essay?
– As a form of literature, the essay is a composition of moderate length, usually in prose, which deals in an easy, cursory way with the external conditions of a subject, and, in strictness, with that subject, only as it affects the writer.
• The essay was invented by Montaigne.
– Montaigne introduced the fashion of writing briefly, irregularly, with constant digressions and interruptions, about the world as it appears to the individual who writes. – Bacon offers his views on a whole smorgasbord of topics ranging from Truth, Death,' Adversitie', Marriage & the single life, Love, Boldness, Superstition, Friendship, Health, Ambition, Youth, Beauty to Anger & Fame.
• Pope called Bacon • "the wisest, brightest, and meanest of mankind." • His famous saying, "knowledge is power", is found in the Meditations.
英国文学选读课件Unit 3 Francis Bacon
IV A close analysis of “Of Studies” V Questions for further exploration
VI Useful on-line references for further study
I Bacon’s position and contribution
II A brief introduction to Bacon's Essays
1. Actual size • a collection of essays • the first published book in 1597 with 10 essays • a much-enlarged second edition in 1612 with 38 essays • the third published book in 1625 with 58 essays.
• about rumination on the subject of marriage and single life with all its pros and cons.
2. Discourse analysis
• Bacon's point of view: - wives and children, - impediment to great enterprises, or great deeds; - not necessarily a bad thing, - a virtue for both the wife and the children and even for the society; - marriage a good thing on the whole.
and some few to be chewed and digested.” 书有可浅尝者，有可吞食者，少数则须咀嚼消化。
VI Useful on-line references for further study
I Bacon’s position and contribution
II A brief introduction to Bacon's Essays
1. Actual size • a collection of essays • the first published book in 1597 with 10 essays • a much-enlarged second edition in 1612 with 38 essays • the third published book in 1625 with 58 essays.
• about rumination on the subject of marriage and single life with all its pros and cons.
2. Discourse analysis
• Bacon's point of view: - wives and children, - impediment to great enterprises, or great deeds; - not necessarily a bad thing, - a virtue for both the wife and the children and even for the society; - marriage a good thing on the whole.
and some few to be chewed and digested.” 书有可浅尝者，有可吞食者，少数则须咀嚼消化。
英美文学选读课PPT Lecture three
A separate prologue to each tale
24 stories (two unfinished)
The General Prologue
“The General Prologue” is usually regarded as the greatest portrait gallery in English literature.
Decameron
The Black Death (1348-1350)
Decameron
10 young men / women, each one of them tells a story for each day. In ten days, they tell 100 stories.
The Canterbury Tales
Chaucer’s Literary Achievements
• Master of the English language Make English as the literary language of the country.
Questions for Preview
• What is Renaissance? • Why did Renaissance come into being at the end of the 15th century? • What is humanism?
The Mature Period
• The Canterbury Tales • Frame-story: a narrative structure that contains other, usually shorter, narratives. Other famous frame stories are Boccaccio’s Decameron and The Arabian Nights.
24 stories (two unfinished)
The General Prologue
“The General Prologue” is usually regarded as the greatest portrait gallery in English literature.
Decameron
The Black Death (1348-1350)
Decameron
10 young men / women, each one of them tells a story for each day. In ten days, they tell 100 stories.
The Canterbury Tales
Chaucer’s Literary Achievements
• Master of the English language Make English as the literary language of the country.
Questions for Preview
• What is Renaissance? • Why did Renaissance come into being at the end of the 15th century? • What is humanism?
The Mature Period
• The Canterbury Tales • Frame-story: a narrative structure that contains other, usually shorter, narratives. Other famous frame stories are Boccaccio’s Decameron and The Arabian Nights.
《英国文学选读u》PPT课件
the pillory, he was cheered as a hero with flowers rather than
pelted(投掷) with stones. This experience was a turning point in
the career of Defoe. His prison experience and his further
• Another fact about Defoe is that he knew about prison life. In 1702, when proposals for increasing discrimination against dissenters(持 异 议 者 ) were introduced, Defoe published an anonymous pamphlet, “The Shortest Way with the Dissenters”, advocating the most extreme measures to eradicate(根除) the dissenters. This offended both the Whigs(辉格党) and the Tories(托利党). He was tried, found guilty of seditious(煽动叛乱的) libel(诽谤), fined and sentenced to stand three days in the pillory(颈手扣，枷锁) in three different parts of London. Hardly had the sentence been announced when Defoe wrote his “Hymn(赞美诗) to the Pillory”—a set of doggerel(打油诗) verses ridiculing his prosecutors. He had it
英国文学选读课件
Tue
The Canterbury Tales and The Decameron
(for discussion)
❖ Number of tales: a prologue and 24 tales (120
tales planned)
Chaucer’s position and contributions
Three titles: ❖The father of English poetry; ❖The father of English fiction; ❖The father of English realistic literature
prose fragment The Treatise on the Astrolabe; and
lastly Troilus and Criseyde (rhyme . royal)
Two terms related to the second period
❖Heroic couplet
Couplet is a style of poetry defined as a complete thought written in two lines with rhyming ends. The most popular of the couplets is the heroic couplet.
（不要以恶为师，而要以恶为鉴。）
—the end of Act IV, Othello
❖Rhyme Royal: A form of verse which consists of stanzas of seven ten-syllable lines in iambic pentameter, riming a b a b b c c. It was first used by Chaucer, and was also the form chosen by Shakespeare in his narrative poem Lucrece (1594).
英国文学史及选读课件 3 Geoffrey Chaucer
1360s-1372: Romance of the Roses --- a translation of the work of French writer
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1372- 1386: The House of Fame --《名誉堂》 Troylus and Criseyde --《特罗伊勒斯和克莱西德》 The Legend of Good women -- 《良妇传说》 The Parliament of Fowls-- 《百鸟堂》
The heroic couplet
a couplet对句;双韵 of rhyming iambic pentameters抑扬五音步 often forming a distinct rhetorical as well as metrical韵律的 unit. (A couplet is two consecutive lines of poetry that rhyme.) iambic[诗]短长格, 抑扬格, 抑扬格诗 pentameters五音步诗行;五音步之诗
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died on the 25th of Oct. 1400 and was the first to be buried in the Poet’s Corner of Westminster Abbey斯 . 敏斯特(西敏寺)大教堂
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2. Chaucer’s representative works:
Scotland and created and preserved by the people.
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2. Types:
ntastical Lyrical Humorous
Ballads
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1372- 1386: The House of Fame --《名誉堂》 Troylus and Criseyde --《特罗伊勒斯和克莱西德》 The Legend of Good women -- 《良妇传说》 The Parliament of Fowls-- 《百鸟堂》
The heroic couplet
a couplet对句;双韵 of rhyming iambic pentameters抑扬五音步 often forming a distinct rhetorical as well as metrical韵律的 unit. (A couplet is two consecutive lines of poetry that rhyme.) iambic[诗]短长格, 抑扬格, 抑扬格诗 pentameters五音步诗行;五音步之诗
无忧PPT整理发布
died on the 25th of Oct. 1400 and was the first to be buried in the Poet’s Corner of Westminster Abbey斯 . 敏斯特(西敏寺)大教堂
无忧PPT整理发布
2. Chaucer’s representative works:
Scotland and created and preserved by the people.
无忧PPT整理发布
2. Types:
ntastical Lyrical Humorous
Ballads
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• Writing Style of Bacon’s Essays:
• His essays have a literal style peculiar to their own. They are noted for their clearness, brevity and forces of expression. Bacon’s chief concern is to express his thought with clearness and in as few words as possible. His sentences are short, pointed, incisive and often of balanced structure. Many of them have become wise old sayings. Generally speaking, Bacon’s literary style has three prominent qualities: directness, terseness(简洁), and forcefulness.
paragraph. • b. the conciseness of expressions and phrases presents a plain style as well as
his simple language. • c. The simple metaphors have deep implications. • d. The omission makes the essay concise, clear and coherent. • e. The natural flow of parallels makes his logic and philosophical argument
英国文学选读 教学课件
Unit3 Francis Bacon (I561-1626)
Of MarLeabharlann iage and Single Life Of Studies
Francis Bacon (1561—1626)
• Francis Bacon, the youngest son of Sir Nicholas Bacon, Keeper of the Privy Seal to Queen Elizabeth.He went to Cambridge University at twelve. He took up law after graduation, and soon became successful. He became a member of the House of Commons(下议院) at the age of twentythree. His alliance with the bourgeoisie(中 产阶级) offended Queen Elizabeth who, up until that time had liked him. When James I came to the throne, Bacon became Lord Chancellor and was made a knight in 1618. In the course of his climbing to the top, however, he made enemies who brought about his final downfall. He died in disgrace in 1626.
convincingly and forceful. E.g. To spend too much time in study… • Crafty man… simple man….
3.Of studies
• a. five parts: purpose of reading • attitudes towards study • principles of studies • study method • study develop your character/effect of study on human character • Style: a.. The arguments are well arranged in unity and coherence in one
• Bacon was English philosopher, essayist, courtier, jurist, and statesman.
• Bacon’s works may be divided into three groups: the philosophical works; the literal works; and the professional works.
• Bacon was the founder of English materialist philosophy, as well as of modern science in England. He published The advancement of Learning (1605)and The New Instrument (1620) . The former deals with the accomplishments of science up to his time. In this work he analyzed the various divisions of knowledge and considered the possible means of advancing them. In the latter Bacon described the method by which knowledge could be universalized.