Englishlexicology_英语词汇学重点讲解

Englishlexicology_英语词汇学重点讲解

English lexicology

英语词汇学

Chapter1 basic concepts of words and vocabulary

Classification of words

Chapter2 the development of the english vocabulary

Modes of vocabulary development 1150

Chapter 3 word formation

Morphemes , allomorphs

Chapter 4 word formation2

1.Affixation, prefixation suffixation ,

/doc/214202390.html,pounding (characteristics formation )

3.Conversion , blending , clipping , acronymy

4.Initialisms , acronyms

5.Back-formation , words from proper names

Chapter5 word meaning

1.The meanings of ‘meaning’

2.Reference ,concept ,sense

3.Motivation(onomatopoeic,morphological ,semantic , etymological)

4.Types of meaning < grammatical , lexical , conceptual , associative> Chapter 6 sense relations and semantic field Polysemy , homonymy , synonymy , antonymy

Chapter 7 changes in word meaning

Extension , narrowing , elevation , degradation

Chapter 8 meaning and context

1.Types of context (extra-linguistic, linguistic)

2.Role of context

a.elimination of ambiguity

b.indication of reference

c.Provision of clues for inferring word-meaning

Chapter9 english idioms

1.Classification of idioms(nominal , adjectival , verbal , adverbial )

2.sentence and use

Chapter 10 english Dictionaries

Types of dictionary , three good Dictionary

a.Longman dictionary of contemporary

b.Collins COBUILD english Dictionary

c. A Chinese-english Dictionary

Unit 1

Methods of study ,there are generally two approaches to the study of words ,namely synchronic and diachronic

Aims and significance of the course

Language study involves the study of speech sounds ,grammar and vocabulary .vocabulary has proved particularly important and certainly the most difficult .Willkins asserts ‘without grammar very little can be

conveyed ,without vocabulary nothing can be conveyed’ A good knowledge of morphological structure of english words and rules of word-formation will help learners develope their personal vocabulary and consciously increase their word power.

V ocabulary

All the words in a language make up its vocabulary .

The term vocabulary is used in different senses

1.It can refers to the total number of the words in a language

2.It can stands for all the words used in a particular historical period

3.Also used to all the words of a given dialect

Classification of words

Words may fall into the basic word stock and nonbasic vocabulary by use frequency ,into content words and function words by notion ,and into native words and borrowed words by origin

Basic word stock have characteristics

1.All national character

2.Stability

3.Productivity

4.Polysemy

5.Collocability

6 Neutral in style

7 Frequent in use

Words void (lack)of the stated characters ,do not belong to the common core of the language ,they include the following: Terminology 术语，专有名词

Jargon

Slang 俚语，黑话

Argot

Dialectal words

Archaisms

Neologisms

Content words(=notional words) and function words (=empty words) Native words and borrowed words

Apart from the characteristics mentioned of the basic word stock ,in contrast to borrowed words ,native words have two other features Neutral in style

Frequent in use

Borrowing words :words taken over from foreign languages