陕西师范大学2012年考博英语真题
陕西师范大学2015年考博英语历年试题
华慧考博—考博高端品牌 华慧网 咨询电话/QQ ：4006224468 华慧考博针对2015年陕西师范大学考博英语历年试题特点分析 综述：陕西师范大学2015年考博英语试题题量不多，分为词汇题、阅读理解题、翻译（A 部分为5个句子的英译中；B 部分为一段中文的中译英）和写作四个部分。
除阅读理解部分试题和翻译的中译英部分有些地方有一定的难度外，其它试题整体难度不大。
词汇题主要考察词义辨析，也涉及少量词组辨析、固定搭配题和语法题，考生需要掌握一定的词汇量和英语语法知识；阅读部分有4篇文章，文章内容涉及太多使用权的弊端、对美国人生活的新影响、交流中的言外之意、第二语言习得的未来；主要考察细节事实题和推理判断题；也涉及少量主旨大意题和词汇题。
翻译的英译中部分句子结构和内容不复杂，翻译起来应该不难；翻译的中译英部分除个别地方句子结构比较复杂外，整体上较容易翻译。
写作部分属于根据话题来表达个人观点，对考生而言应该不难。
一、词汇题（总分为30分）1. 分值+题量：30分=30题2. 难度：大学英语六级水平3. 题型：选词填空4. 考点：需考生掌握一定的词汇量和英语语法知识二、阅读题（总分为20分）1. 分值+题量：20分=4篇（每篇5道题，共20道题）2. 难度：大学英语六级水平（127-485字）3. 题型：阅读文章后做选择题4. 特点：文章内容涉及太多使用权的弊端、对美国人生活的新影响、交流中的言外之意、第二语言习得的未来；除个别试题外，试题难度整体不大。
5. 考点：侧重于细节事实题和推理判断题，也涉及少量主旨大意题和词汇题。
三、翻译（总分为30分）A 部分（总分为15分）1. 题型：5个句子的英译中2. 难度：大学英语六级水平3. 考点：考察对that 引导宾语从句、because 引导原因状语从句、that 引导后置定语从句、but 引导转折句、who 引导宾语从句、when 引导时间状语从句、which 引导后置定语从句等的翻译能力B 部分（总分为15分）1. 题型：一段中文的中译英2. 难度：大学英语六级水平3. 考点：考察对现在完成时态、that 引导宾语从句、一般将来时态、分词短语充当后置定语等的翻译能力四、写作（总分为20分）1. 题型：属于根据话题来表达个人观点的作文2. 难度：大学英语六级水平3. 考点：需要考生掌握表达观点类作文写作的方法和套路以上内容为华慧考博网独家分析整理 ，如有转载请说明来源。
2012年吉大考博英语真题Word版
Part I Vocabulary and Structure (30%)Directions: There are 30 incomplete sentences in this part. For each sentence there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the ONE that best completes the sentence. Then mark the corresponding letter on the ANSWER SHEET with a single line through the center.1. Language, culture, and personality may be considered of each other in thought, butthey are inseparable in fact.A. indistinctlyB. separatelyC. inelevantlyD. independently2. The work was done in the of reforms in the economic, social and cultural spheres.A. contextB. contestC. pretextD. texture3. The dean tried to retain control of the situation on campus, but his attempt was by the board of trustees.A. approvedB. frustratedC. disclosedD. justified4. Some journalists are found of overstating the situation so that their news may create agreat .A. explosionB. sensationC. exaggeratingD. stimulation5. There was little, if any, evidence to substantiate the gossip and, there was little to disprove it.A. by the same tokenB. under the same conditionC. at the same stageD. for the same purpose6. Every chemical change either results from energy being used to produce the change, or causes energy to be in some form.A. given offB. put outC. set offD. used up7. The United Nation Law of the Sea Conference would soon produce an ocean-mining treaty following its declaration in 1970 that oceans were the heritage of mankind.A. unanimousB. abstractC. autonomousD. almighty8. This growth in the of diabetes is due, in part, to an increase in obesity.A. inferenceB. incidenceC. regulationD. repetition9. Preliminary estimation puts the figure at around ＄110 billion, the ＄160 billion the President is struggling to get through the Congress.A. in proportion toB. in reply toC. in relation toD. in contrast to10. France’s of nuclear testing in the South Pacitic last month triggered polltical debates and mass demonstrations.A. assumptionB. consumptionC. presumptionD. resumption11. The of a oultural phenomenon is usually a logical consequence of some physical aspect in the life style of the people.A. implementationB. demonstcationC. manifestationD. expedition12. Reading the mind only with materials of knowledge, it is thinking that makes what we read our.A. rectitiesB. prolongsC. minimizesD. furnishes13. Previous studies provoked because the used patients whose diagnosis was questionable.A. contrlbutionB. contractionC. controversyD. convergence14. Although the model looks good on the surface, it will not bear close .A. temperamentB. contaminationC. scrutinyD. symmetry15. I never said anything like that at all You are purposely my ideas to prove your points.A. revisingB. contradictingC. distortingD. distracting16. To survive in the intense trade competition between countries, companies must the qualities and varieties of their products to the world-market demand.A. forfeitB. enhanceC. guaranteeD. gear17.I was unaware of the critical points invoived, so my choice was quite .A. arbitraryB. rationalC. mechanicalD. unpredictable18. An important property of a scientific theory is its ability to further research and further thinking about a particular topic.A. stimulateB. renovateC. arouseD. advocate19. All the off-shore oil explorers were in high spirits as they read letters from their families.A. affectionateB. sentimentalC. intimateD. sensitive20. Whoever formulated the theory of the origin of the universe, it is just and needs proving.A. spontaneousB. hypotheticalC. intuitiveD. empirical21.The ceremony will as soon as the president arrives.A. commendB. complyC. confrontD. commence22. The barbarous aggressors grew more and more in slaughtering people and burning down their houses.A. amorphousB. ferociousC. audaciousD. egregious23. Some of the words employed by Shakespeare in his works have become and are no longer used in the present days.A. obsoleteB. obsceneC. obviousD. oblique24. Because of the economic slowdown, the government changed its policy to revenue by limiting commerce.A. disregardB. challengeC. diminishD. reject25. The spectators in the stadium cheered up when they saw hundreds of colorful balloons slowly into the sky.A. descendingB. ascendingC. escalatingD. elevating26. An increasing proportion of our population, unable to live without advancedmedical , will become progressively more reliant on expensive technology.A. interferenceB. interruptionC. interventionD. interaction27. Several intemational events in the early 1990s seem likely to , or at least weaken,the trends that emerged in the 1980s.A. revoltB. revolveC. reverseD. revive28. Foreign disinvestments and the of South Africa from world capital markets after 1985 further weakened its economy.A. displacementB. eliminationC. exclusionD. exception29. We are moving towards a more and cooperative society ,which is getting better and better.A fraternalB emotionalC exclusionD illegal30. The student were about who their new teacher would be when thebell rang for their first class in the new semester.A. foreseeingB. speculatingC. fabricatingD. ponderingPart III Reading Comprehension (60%)Questions 51 to 55 are based on the following passage.When a disease of epidemic proportions rips into the populace, scientists immediately get to work, trying to locate the source of the affliction and find ways to combat it. Oftentimes, success is achieved, as medical science is able to isolate the parasite, germ or cell that causes the problem and finds ways to effectively kill or contain it. In the most serious of cases, in which the entire population of a region or country may be at grave risk, it is deemed necessary to protect the entire population through vaccination, so as to safeguard lives and ensure that the disease will not spread.The process of vaccination allows the pat ient’s body to develop immunity to the virus or disease so that, if it is encountered, one can fight it off naturally. To accomplish this, a small weak or dead strain of the disease is actually injected into the patient in a controlled environment, so that his body’s immune system can learn to fight the invader properly. Information on how to penetrate the disease’s defenses is transmitted to all elements of the patient’s immune system in a process that occurs naturally, in which genetic information is passed from cell to cell. This makes sure that, should the patient later come into contact with the real problem, his body is well equipped and trained to deal with it, having already done so before.There are dangers inherent in the process, however. On occasion, even the weakened version of the disease contained in the vaccine proves too much for the body to handle, resulting in the immune case of the smallpox vaccine, designed to eradicate the smallpox epidemic that nearly wiped out the entire Native American population and killed massive numbers of settlers. Approximately 1 in 10,000 people who receives the vaccine contract the smallpox disease from the vaccine itself and dies from it. Thus, if the entire population of the United States were to receive the Smallpox Vaccine today, 3000 Americans would be left dead.Fortunately, the smallpox virus was considered eradicated in the early 1970s, ending the mandatory vaccination of all babies in America In the event of a re-introduction of the disease, however, mandatory vaccinations may resume, resulting in more unexpected deaths from vaccination. The process, which is truly a blessing, may indeed hide some hidden cures.51. How do vaccines protect humans from diseases according to paragraph two?A. By passing information on how to fight the disease to the disease.B. By passing information on how to fight the disease to the immune system.C. By weakening the disease so that the immune system can defeat it.D. Introducing the disease to the body, so that survivors have already fought it.52. What does the example of the smallpox vaccine illustrate?A. The way that vaccines protect people from diseases.B. The effectiveness of vaccines in eradicating certain diseases.C. The practical use of a vaccine to control an epidemic disease.D. The possible negative outcome of administering vaccines.53. The author argues that vaccinations are both a blessing and a curse because .A. saving the many would not necessarily justify the death of the few.B. some vaccines, such as the smallpox vaccine, have negative side effects.C. they don’t always work.D. while many lives are saved, SOME ARE ACTUALLY KILLED BY THE VACCINT.54. The best title for the passage would be .A. “The Smallpox Vaccine: An Analysis”.B. “How Vaccines Work”.C. “Vaccines: Methods and Implications”.D. “A Warning on the Negative Side Effects of Vaccines”.55. The main purpose of the passage is to .A. convince the reader that vaccines are not as safe as many think.B. educate the reader on how vaccines are used and some of their dangers.C. educate the reader on the circumstances that would necessitate widespread vaccinations.D. present the method by which vaccines are used through the case of the smallpox vaccine. Passage TwoQuestions 56 to 60 are based on the following passage.Few natural dangers are more feared than avalanches. Avalanches are a familiar part of European history, Particularly in the Swiss and French Alps. This is where the direction of wars has turned almost instantly because of avalanches wiping out invading armies.In North America, avalanches are limited almost entirely to the Rocky Mountains and the lower ranges to the west, the Sierra Nevadas and the Cascades. Avalanches have occurred in the mountains of New England but not with the regularity and intensity seen in the western mountains.Several methods are used in explaining and predicting avalanches. Scientists and learning about them using research methods. So many of the factors that create avalanches are hidden beneath the snow’s surface that predictions are still largely guesswork. Therefore, winter travelers must assume the worst of conditions when the traverse the slopes.An avalanche occurs when a given amount of snow becomes too heavy for whatever is holding it in place. It then breaks loose and slides downhill.Avalanches are divided into two general categories, loose snow and slab. A loose snow avalanche usually starts at a single point, such as a skier’s track, and spreads out like a fan or a pyramid in a chain reaction. One crystal breaks another free, which multiples as the loose snow moves downhill. Sometimes these avalanches stop after only a few feet. Sometimes they move thousands of tons of snow downhill in speeds up to 300 miles per hour. This creates a shock wave that can flatten parts of a forest that are not even touched by the actual avalanche.Slab avalanches are those that have a wide area of snow which breaks loose in a large piece. These can range in size from just a few square feel to thousands of square feet of snow. The most dangerous and common type of avalanche for skiers is the so-called “soft slab” avalanche. This type occurs most often during, or just after a heavy snowfall. The snow hasn’t yet had a chance to settle and adhere to the temperature, the less likely the new snow will form a bond with the existing snow.56. What would be the best title for this passage?A. AvalanchesB. The History of AvalanchesC. Skiers BewareD. Avalanches Can Kill57. According to the passage, how did avalanches affect wars?A. They hid the armies approaching the city aiding in the attack.B. They killed the armies approaching the city.C. They blocked paths into the city.D. They snowblinded the approaching armies.58. According to the passage, what must skiers assume about avalanches when skiing?A. They only have to worry after a heavy snowfall.B. Avalanches only occur in the Swiss or French Alps.C. They should always expect that an avalanche will occur.D. When skiing in New England, they will never have to worry about an avalanche.59. According to the passage, when is the most dangerous time for skiers?A. When the temperature is below 20 degrees F.B. Right before a snowstorm.C. During a snowstorm.D. In the winter.60. According to the passage, which factor causes an avalanche?A. The slope of the mountain.B. The size of the snowfall.C. The amount and intensity of movement around the snowfall.D. The weight of the snow.Passage ThreeQuestions 61 to 65 are based on the following passage.Recent stories in the newspapers and magazines suggest that teaching and research contradict each other, that research plays too prominent a part in academic promotions, and that teaching is badly underemphasized. There is an element of truth in these statements, but they also ignore deeper and more important relationships.Research experience is an essential element of hiring and promotion at a research university because it is the emphasis on research that distinguishes such a university from an arts college. Some professors, however, neglect teaching for research and that presents s problem.Most research universities reward outstanding teaching, but the greatest recognition is usually given for achievements in research. Part of the reason is the difficulty of judging teaching.A highly responsible and tough professor is usually appreciated by top students who want to be challenged but disliked by those whose records are less impressive. The mild professor gets overall ratings that are usually high, but there is a sense of disappointment on the part of the best students, exactly those for whom the system should present the greatest challenges. Thus, a university trying to promote professors primarily on the basis of teaching qualities would have to confront this confusion.As modern science moves faster, two forces are exerted on professors: one is the time needed to keep up with the profession; the other is the time needed to teach. The training of new scientists requires outstanding teaching at the research university as well as the arts college.Althoughscientists are usually “made” in the elementary schools, scientists can be “lost” by poor teaching at the college and graduate school levels. The solution is not to separate teaching and research but to recognize that the combination is difficult but vital. The title of professor should be given only to those who profess and it is perhaps time for universities to reserve it for those who profess and it is perhaps time for universities to reserve it for those willing to be an earnest part of the community of scholars. Professors unwilling to teach can be called “distinguished research investigators” of something else.The pace of modern science makes it increasingly difficult to be a great researcher and a great teacher. Yet many are described in just those terms. Those who say we can separate teaching and research simply do not understand the system, but those who say the problem will disappear are not fulfilling their responsibilities.61. What idea does the author want to convey in the first paragraph?A. The relationship between teaching and research should not be simplified.B. Teaching and research are contradictory.C. Research can never be emphasized too much.D. It is wrong to overestimate the importance of teaching.62. In academic promotions research universities still attach more importance to research partly because .A. research improves the quality of teaching.B. students who want to be challenged appreciate research professors.C. professors with achievements in research are usually responsible and tough.D. it is difficult to evaluate teaching quality objectively.63. According to the fourth paragraph, which of the following will the author probably agree with?A. Distinguished professors at research universities should concentrate on research only.B. It is of utmost importance to improve teaching in elementary schools in order to train newscientists.C. The separation of teaching from research can lower the quality of future scientists.D. The rapid development of modern science makes it impossible to combine teaching withresearch.64. The title of professor should be given only to those who first and foremost do .A. scientific researchB. teachingC. field workD. investigation65. The phrase “the problem” (Line 4, Para. 5) refers to.A. raising the status of teaching.B. the separation of teaching from research.C. the combination of teaching with research.D. improving the status of research..Passage FourQuestions 66 to 70 are based on the following passage.Large companies need a way to reach the savings of the public at large. The same problem, on a smaller scale, faces practically every company trying to develop new products and create newjobs. There can be little prospect of raising the sort of sums needed from friends and people we know, and while banks may agree to provide short-term finance, they are generally unwilling to provide money on a permanent basis for long-term projects. So companies turn to the public, inviting people to lend them money, or take a share in the business in exchange for a share in future profits. This they do by issuing stocks and shares in the business through The Stock Exchange. By doing so, they can put into circulation the savings of individuals and institutions, both at home and overseas.When the saver needs his money back, he does not have to go to the company with whom he originally placed it. Instead, he sells his shares through a stockbroker to some other saver who is seeking to invest his money.Many of the services needed both by industry and by each of us are provided by the Government or by local authorities. Without hospitals, roads, electricity, telephones, railways, this country could not function. All these require continuous spending on new equipment and new development if they are to serve us properly, requiring more money than is raised through taxes alone. The Government, local authorities, and nationalized industries therefore frequently needed to borrow money to finance major capital spending, and they, too, come to The Stock Exchange.There is hardly a man or woman in this country whose job or whose standard of living does not depend on the ability of his or her employers to raise money to finance new development. In one way or another, this new money must come from the savings of the country. The Stock Exchange exists to provide a channel through which these savings can reach those who need finance.66. Almost all companies involved in new production and development must .A. rely on their financial resources.B. persuade the banks to provide long-term finance.C. borrow large sums of money from friends and people we know.D. depend on the population as a whole for finance.67. The money which enables these companies to go ahead with their projects is .A. repaid to its original owners as soon as possible.B. raised by the selling of shares in the companies.C. exchanges for part ownership in The Stock Exchange.D. invested in different companies on The Stock Exchange.68. When the savers want their money back they .A. ask another company to obtain their money for them.B. look for other people to borrow money from.C. put their shares in the company back on the market.D. transfer their money to a more successful company.69. All the essential services on which we depend are .A. run by the Government or our local authorities.B. in constant need of financial support.C. financed wholly by rates and taxes.D. unable to provide for the needs of the population.70. The Stock Exchange makes it possible for the Government, local authorities and nationalized industries .A. to borrow as much money as they wish.B. to make certain everybody saves money.C. to raise money to finance new developments.D. to make certain everybody lends money to them.Passage FiveQuestions 71 to 75 are based on the following passage.The producers of instant coffee found their product strongly resisted in the market places despite their manifest advantages. Furthermore, the advertising expenditure for instant coffee was far greater than that for regular coffee. Efforts were made to find the cause of the consumers’seemingly unreasonable resistance to the product. The reason given by most people was dislike for the taste. The producers suspected that there might be deeper reasons, however. This was confirmed by one of motivation research’s classic studies, one often cited in the trade. Mason Haire, of the University of California, constructed two shopping lists that were identical except for one item. There were six items common to both lists: hamburger, carrots, baking powder, bread, canned peaches and potatoes, with the brands or amounts specified. The seventh item, in the fifth place on both lists, read “I lb. Maxwell House coffee” on one list and “Nescafe instant coffee” on the other. One list was given to each person in a group of fifty women, and the other list to those in another group of the same size. The women were asked to study their lists and then to describe, as far as they could, the kind of woman ( “personality and character”) who would draw up that shopping list. Nearly half of those who had received the list including instant coffee described a housewife who was lazy and a poor planner. On the other hand, only one woman in the other group described the housewife, who had included regular coffee on her list, as lazy, only six of that group suggested that she was a poor planner. Eight women felt that the instant-coffee user was probably not a good wife! No one in the other group drew such a conclusion about the housewife who intended to buy regular coffee.71. The fact that producers found resistance to their product despite the fact that they spent more advertising money on instant than regular coffee shows that .A. advertising does not assure favorable sales results.B. companies spent more money on advertising than they should.C. people pay little attention to advertising.D. the more one advertises the better the sales picture.72. In this instance, the purpose of motivation research was to discover .A. why people drink coffee.B. why instant coffee did not taste good.C. why regular coffee was successful.D. the real reason why people would not buy instant coffee.73. This investigation indicated that .A. 50 per cent of housewives are lazy.B. housewives who use instant coffee are lazy.C. many women believe that wives who use instant coffee are lazy.D. wives who use regular coffee are good planners.74. On the results of this test, the producers probably revised their advertising to showa .A. lazy housewife using regular coffee.B. hard-working housewife using instant coffee.C. lazy housewife using instant coffee.D. man obviously enjoying the taste of instant coffee.75. Implied but not stated.A. Despite its advantages, most people disliked instant coffee because of its taste.B. The advertising expenditure for instant coffee was greater than that for regular coffee.C. Very often we do not know the real reasons for doing things.D. Taste is the principal factor in determining what we buy.Passage SixQuestions 76 to 80 are based on the following passage.In recent years, there has been an increasing awareness of the inadequacies of the judicial system in the United States. Costs are staggering both for the taxpayers and the litigants—and the litigants, of parties, have to wait sometimes many years before having their day in court. Many suggestions have been made concerning methods of ameliorating （改善）the situation, but as in most branches of government, changes come slowly.One suggestion that has been made in order to maximize the efficiency of the system is to allow districts that have an overabundance of pending cases to borrow judges from other districts that do not have such a backlog. Another suggestion is to use pretrial conferences, in which the judge meets in his chambers with the litigants and their attorneys in order to narrow the issues, limit the witnesses, and provide for a more orderly trial. The theory behind pretrial conferences is that judges will spend less time on each case and parties will more readily settle before trial when they realize the adequacy of their claims and their opponents’ evidence Unfo rtunately, at least one study has shown that pretrial conferences actually use more judicial time than they save, rarely result in pretrial settlements, and actually result in higher damage settlements.Many states have now established another method, small-claims courts, in which cases over small sums of money can be disposed of with considerable dispatch. Such proceedings cost the litigants almost nothing. In California, for example, the parties must appear before the judge without the assistance of counsel. The proceedings are quite informal and there is no pleading (辩护) —the litigants need to make only a one-sentence statement of their claim. By going to this type of court, the plaintiff (原告) waives (放弃) any right to a jury trial and the right to appeal the decision.76. The pretrial conference, in theory, is supposed to do all of the following except .A. narrow the issuesB. cause early settlementsC. save judicial timeD. increase settlement costs77. What is the main topic of the passage?A. A ll states should follow California’s example in using small-claims courts in order to freejudges for other work.B. The legislature needs to formulate fewer laws so that the judiciary can catch up on itsolder cases.C. Nobody seems to care enough to attempt to find methods for making the judicial systemmore efficient.。
2012年全国高考(陕西卷)英语试题及答案
2012年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（陕西卷）英语第一部分:英语知识运用（共四节,满分55分）第一节语音知识(共5小题;每小题1分,满分5分)从每小题的A、B、C、D四个选项中,找出其划线部分与所给单词的划线部分读音相同的选项，并在答题卡上将该选项涂黑。
1.regardA.designB.gentleC.collegeD.forget2.refuseA.discussB.rudeC.focusD.excuse3.chargeA.toothacheB.machine Csearch D.Christian4. fieldA.quietB.pieceC.friendD.experience5. tapesA.potatoesB.speechesC.cakesD.Bridges 第二节情景对话(共5小题;每小题1分，满分5分)根据对话情景和内容，从对话后所给的选项中选出能填人每一空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该选项涂黑。
选项中有两个为多余选项。
Repairman:Goodafternoon.6Custom er:Hello.Mymobilephoneisn’tworking.Couldyourepai r,pleaseRepairman: 7Customer:Itworkedwellyesterday,butIsimplycouldn’ttumitonthismorn ing.Repairman:8Customer: Hereyouare.Repairman: Well，Ithinkwe，11beabletofixit.YoucanpickitupthisFriday.Customer:Oh,no.That’stoolong.9Ineeditassoonaspossible.Repairman: 10WhattimeCustomer: Letmesee.HowaboutWednesdayafternoonRepairman: Afterfiveo’clockCustomer: Ok.Thankyou.A.That’sgreat.B.IbegyourpardonC.Letmehavealook.D.What’stheproblemE.Pmsorrytohearthat.F.WhatcanIdoforyouG.Iwonderifyoucouldfixitearlier.第三节语法和词汇知识（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）从每小题的Ａ、Ｂ、Ｃ、Ｄ四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并填在答题卡上将该选项涂黑。
2012年医学博士外语真题试卷(题后含答案及解析)
2012年医学博士外语真题试卷(题后含答案及解析)题型有：1. 2. 3. 4. 5. PartⅢCloze 6. PartⅣReading Comprehension 7. PartⅤWritingSection A听力原文：M: Well, just keep your arm straight there. Fine, there will be a little prick like a mosquito bite. OK? There we go. Ok, I will send that sample off and we’ll check it. If the sample is ok, we won’t need to go on seeing you anymore. W: So you think I’m getting better? M: Absolutely. Q: What can be inferred from the conversation?1．A．The woman’s condition is critical.B．The woman has been picking up quite well.C．The woman’s illness was caused by a mosquito bite.D．The woman won’t see the doctor any more.正确答案：B解析：此题考点为细节信息再现。
女士问医生是不是好转了，医生回答说当然，故答案为B。
选项C是干扰项，医生让女病人伸直手臂，并说会有向蚊子叮咬的刺痛，prick的含义是“刺痛”。
听力原文：W: It’s Mr. Cong, isn’t it?M: That’s right. I saw you six months ago with a broken finger.W: Yes, of course. And is that all healing well?M: It’s fine.W: What can we do for you today?M: Well, I’ve been having these headaches in the front, about my eyes. It started two months ago.They seem to come on quite suddenly, and I get dizzy spell as well. Q: What is the trouble in the man now?2．A．A broken finger.B．A terrible cough.C．Frontal headaches.D．Eye problem.正确答案：C解析：此题考点为细节信息再现。
[精品]2012年英语高考试卷陕西及答案
![[精品]2012年英语高考试卷陕西及答案](https://img.taocdn.com/s3/m/95aac12e581b6bd97f19ea6d.png)
英语第一部分:英语知识运用（共四节,满分55分）第一节语音知识(共5小题;每小题1分,满分5分)从每小题的A、B、C、D四个选项中,找出其划线部分与所给单词的划线部分读音相同的选项，并在答题卡上将该选项涂黑。
1. regardA. designB. gentleC. collegeD. forget2. refuseA. discussB. rudeC. focusD. excuse3. chargeA. toothacheB. machine C search D. Christian4. fieldA. quietB. pieceC. friendD. experience5. tapesA. potatoesB. speechesC. cakesD. Bridges第二节情景对话(共5小題;每小题1分，满分5分)根据对话情景和内容，从对话后所给的选项中选出能填人每一空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该选项涂黑。
选项中有两个为多余选项。
Repairman: Good afternoon. 6Customer: Hello. My mobile phone isn’t working. Could you repair, pleaseRepairman: 7Customer: It worked well yesterday, but I simply couldn’t tum it on this morning.Repairman: 8Customer: Here you are.Repairman: Well，I think we，11 be able to fix it. You can pick it up this Friday.Customer: Oh, no. That’s too long. 9 I need it as soon as possible.Repairman: 10 What time?Customer: Let me see. How about Wednesday afternoon?Repairman: After fi ve o’clockCustomer: Ok. Thank you.A. That’s great.B. I beg your pardon?C. Let me have a look.D. What’s the problem?E. Pm sorry to hear that.F. What can I do for you?G. I wonder if you could fix it earlier.第三节语法和词汇知识（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）从每小题的Ａ、Ｂ、Ｃ、Ｄ四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并填在答题卡上将该选项涂黑。
2012年华东师范大学考博英语真题及详解【圣才出品】
2012年华东师范大学考博英语真题及详解【圣才出品】2012年华东师范大学考博英语真题及详解时间：180分钟Paper One注意：答案请做在答题卡上，做在试题上一律无效Part I Vocabulary and Structure(15%)Directions:There are30incomplete sentences in this part.For each sentence there are four choices marked A,B,C and D.Choose the one that best completes the sentence.Thenmark the corresponding letter on Answer SheetⅠwith a single line through the center 1.The concept of vocational or professional identity differs______between the United Sates and Japan.A.clearB.markedlyC.outstandinglyD.greedily【答案】B【解析】句意：美国和日本在职业或专业身份的概念定义上存在明显差异。
markedly明显地；显著地。
clear清楚的；明显的。
outstanding杰出的；突出的。
greedily贪婪地；贪食地。
此处需要的是具有“明显，显著”含义的副词。
2.Now that her son was old enough to support the family,Mr.Williams decided to leave everything at his______.A.handB.advocacyC.tacklingD.disposal【答案】D【解析】句意：既然她的儿子已长大到足以支撑整个家庭，威廉姆斯先生决定将所有事都交给他来处理。
2012年陕西高考英语试题及答案
2012年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（陕西卷）英语试题第一部分：英语知识运用（共四节，满分55分）第一节语音知识（共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分）从每小题的A、B、C、D四个选项中，找出其划线部分与所给单词的划线部分读音相同的选项，并在答题卡上将该选项涂黑。
1. regardA. designB. gentleC. collegeD.forget2. refuseA. discussB. rudeC. focusD.excuse3. chargeA. toothacheB. machineC. searchD.Christian4. fieldA. quietB. pieceC. friendD.experience5. tapesA. potatoesB. speechesC. cakesD.bridges第二节情景对话（共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分）根据对话情境和内容，从对话后所给的选项中选出能填入每一空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该选项涂黑。
选项中有两个为多余选项。
Repairman：Good afternoon. 6Customer: Hello. My mobile phone isn’t working. Could you repair it, please?Repairman: 7Customer: It worked well yesterday, but I simply couldn’t turn it on this morning. Repairman: 8Customer: Here you are.Repairman: Well, I think we’ll be able to fix it. You can pick it up this Friday.Customer: Oh, no. That’s too long. 9 I need it as soon as possible. Repairman: Let me see. How about Wednesday afternoon?Customer: 10 What time?Repairman: After five o’clock.Customer: Ok. Thank you.A. That’s great.B. I beg your pardon?C. Let me have a look.D. What’s the problem?E. I’m sorry to hear that.F. What can I do for you?G. I wonder if you could fix it earlier.第三节语法和词汇知识（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）从每小题的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该选项涂黑。
陕师大12级免费师范教育硕士英语答案
陕西师范大学2012级免费师范教育硕士英语试题（答案）注意事项:一、本试题共10页，满分100分。
答案一律写在答题纸上，否则无效。
二、做选择题时，将所选答案书写在答题纸对应题号后的（）三、中英文尽可能做到字迹清晰、书写工整、疏密相间均匀、字体大小适当。
四、英文作文必须逐行书写不得隔行或跳行。
Part I Vocabulary and Structure (20%)Directions: There are 20 incomplete sentences in this part. For each sentence there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the ONE answer that best completes the sentence.1.My job varies between the extremely tedious and the annoyingly busy. ______ I think I am happier during the real busy times: no time to think about how bored I am.A. On balanceB. In additionC. FurthermoreD. Aside from2.We are all in favor of your proposal that the meeting ______.A. is called offB. should call offC. is to be called offD. be called off3.______, I walked my dear father.A. Exhausted and hungryB. Having been exhausted and hungryC. Being exhausted and hungryD. To be exhausted and hungry4.I stood still, trying to ______ a plausible excuse.A. createB. produceC. inventD. design5.A new technique ______ out, the output as a whole increased by 15 percent.A. workingB. having workedC. having been worked D to have been worked6.She thinks it‟s time we ______ free school meals.A. did forB. did withC. did withoutD. did away with7.He never regretted paying 300 Yuan for the bookcase. As a matter of fact he would gladly have paid ______ for it.A. as much twiceB. twice as muchC. much as twice D as twice much8.He was attending a meeting, ______ come to your birthday party then.A. unless he would haveB. or he wouldC. nevertheless he did not D or he would have9.He ______ the job ______ because it involved too much traveling.A. turned…downB. turned…awayC. turned off D turned…over10. They have made changes in their plans for a new science park as youA. suggestedB. have suggestedC. had suggestedD. suggest11．In some areas of northwest China, intensive farming has brought aboutsevere_____ of the land, which accounted for poor harvest in recent years.A. deforestationB. dejectionC. delectation D degeneration 12．The accuracy of scientific observations and calculations is always_____ the scientist‟s time-keeping methods.A. at the mercy ofB. in accordance with .C. under the guidance ofD. by means of13．Manufacturers raised the price of this product to ______ the increased cost of material.A. write offB. offsetC. make forD. abstain from14．Among other things was the discussion to reach a_______ trade agreement between the two countries.A. reciprocalB. mergedC. marketableD. mature15．Nowadays more Chinese would like to hold their reunion dinner in posh restaurants, despite the______ costs. They find it more enjoyable and physically less demanding.A. hyperbolicB. inexorableC. exorbitantD. protean16. Christmas is a Christian holy day usually celebrated on December 25th_______the birth of Jesus Christ.A. in accordance withB. in terms ofC. in favor ofD. in honor of17. The _________ to overthrow the revolutionary regime was unearthed andpromptly smashed.A. conspiracyB. trickC. intrigueD. plot18. In the last couple of days, a number of areas in China were hit by heavy snowfalls,powerful winds or suffocating sandstorms. The extremely bad weather has ________ the transportation system in the areas.A. constrainedB. cussedC. crippledD. chucked19. My father is researching the spread of AIDs. And he is ________ in hispresentation of experiments.A. relevantB. sacredC. proteanD. meticulous20. Mr. John made a very wonderful after-dinner speech. His ________ mind,graceful manner and fluent words moved all the participants deeply.A. awesomeB. articulateC. agileD. arbitraryPart II Reading Comprehension (40%)Directions: There are 4 passages in this part. Each passage is followed by five questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. You should decide on the best choice.Passage OneWhen your parents advise you to "get an education" in order to raise your income, they tell you only half the truth. What they really mean is to get just enough education to provide manpower for your society, but not so much that you prove an embarrassment to your society.Get a high school diploma, at least. Without that, you will be occupationally dead unless your name happens to be George Bernard Shaw or Thomas Alva Edison, and you can successfully dropout in grade school.Get a college degree, if possible. With a B.A., you are on the launching pad. Butnow you have to start to put on the brakes. If you go for a master's degree, make sure it is an M.B.A., and is famous.Do you know, for instance, that long-haul truck drivers earn more per year than full professors? Yes, the average 1977 salary for those truckers was $24000 while the full professors managed to earn just $23030.A Ph.D. is the highest degree you can get. Except for a few specialized fields such as physics or chemistry where the degree can quickly be turned to industrial or commercial purposes, if you pursue such a degree in any other field, you will face a dim future. There are more Ph.D.s unemployed or underemployed in this country than any other part of the world.If you become a doctor of philosophy in English or history or anthropology or political science or languages or worst of all in philosophy, you run the risk of becoming overeducated for our national demands. Not for our needs, mind you, but for our demands.Thousands of Ph.D.s are selling shoes, driving cars, waiting on table, and endlessly filling out applications month after month. They may also take a job in some high school or backwater college that pays much less than the janitor earns.You can equate the level of income with the level of education only so far. Far enough, that is, to make you useful to the gross national product, but not so far that nobody can turn much of a profit on you.21. According to the writer, what the society expects of education is to turn out peoplewho _____.A. will not be a disgrace to societyB. will become loyal citizensC. can take care of themselvesD. can meet the nation's demands as a sourceof manpower22. Many Ph.D.s are out of job because _____.A. they are improperly educatedB. they are of little commercial value to their societyC. there are fewer jobs in high schoolsD. they prefer easier jobs that make more money23. The nation is only interested in people _____.A. with diplomasB. who specialize in physics and chemistryC. who are valuable to the gross national productD. both A and C24. Which of the following is not true?______A. Bernard Shaw didn't finish high schools, nor did Edison.B. One must think carefully before pursuing a master degree.C. The higher your education level, the more money you will earn.D. If you are too well-educated, you'll be overeducated for society's demands.25. The writer sees education as _____.A. a means of providing job security and financial security and a means ofmeeting a country's demands for technical workersB. a way to broaden one's horizonsC. more important than finding a jobD. an opportunity that everyone should havePassage TwoIn the mid-nineteenth century, the United States had tremendous natural resources that could be exploited in order to develop heavy industry. Most of the raw materials that are valuable in the manufacture of machinery, transportation facilities, and consumer goods lay ready to be worked into wealth. Iron, coal, and oil —the basic ingredients of industrial growth —were plentiful and needed only the application of technical expertise, organizational skill, and labor.One crucial development in this movement toward industrialization was the growth of the railroads. The railway network expanded rapidly until the railroad map of the United States looked like a spider‟s web, with the steel filaments connecting all important sources of raw materials, their places of manufacture, and their centers of distribution. The railroads contributed to the industrial growth not only by connecting these major centers, but also by themselves consuming enormous amounts of fuel, iron, and coal.Many factors influenced emerging modes of production. For example, machine tools, the tools used to make goods, were steadily improved in the latter part of the nineteenth century — always with an eye to speedier production and lower unit costs. The products of the factories were rapidly absorbed by the growing cities that sheltered the workers and distributors. The increased urban population was nourished by the increased farm production that, in turn, was made more productive by the use of the new farm machinery. American agricultural production kept up with the urbandemand and still had surpluses for sale to the industrial centers of Europe.The labor that ran the factories and built the railways was recruited in part from American farm areas where people were being displaced by farm machinery, in part from Asia, and in part form Europe. Europe now began to send tides of immigrants from eastern and southern Europe — most of whom were originally poor farmers but who settled in American industrial cities. The money to finance this tremendous expansion of the American economy still came from European financiers for the most part, but the Americans were approaching the day when their expansion could be financed in their own “money market”.26. What does the passage mainly discuss?A. The history of railroads in the United States.B. The major United States industrial centers.C. Factors that affected industrialization in the United States.D. The role of agriculture in the nineteenth century.27. Th e word “ingredients” in the first paragraph is closest in meaning to ________.A. mineralsB. productsC. methodsD. components28. According to the passage, all of the following were true of railroads in the UnitedStates in the nineteenth century EXCEPT that ________.A. they connected important industrial citiesB. they were necessary to the industrialization processC. they were expanded in a short timeD. they used relatively small quantities of natural resources29. According to the passage, what was one effect of the improvement of machine tools?A. Lower manufacturing costs.B. Better distribution of goods.C. More efficient transportation of natural resources.D. A reduction in industrial jobs.30. Which of the following is NOT true of the United States farmers in the nineteenthcentury?A. They lost some jobs because of mechanization.B. They were unable to produce sufficient food for urban areas.C. They raised their productivity by using new machinery.D. They sold food to European countries.Passage ThreeSince the dawn of human ingenuity, people have devised ever more cunning tools to cope with work that is dangerous, boring, burdensome, or just plain nasty. That compulsion has resulted in robotics—the science of conferring various human capabilities on machines. And if scientists have yet to create the mechanical version of science fiction, they have begun to come close.As a result, the modern world is increasingly populated by intelligent gizmos whose presence we barely notice but whose universal existence has removed much human labor. Our factories hum to the rhythm of robot assembly arms. Our banking is done at automated teller terminals that thank us with mechanical politeness for the transaction. Our subway trains are controlled by tireless robot-drivers. And thanks to the continual miniaturization of electronics and micro-mechanics, there are already robot systems that can perform some kinds of brain and bone surgery with submillimeter accuracy—far greater precision than highly skilled physicians can achieve with their hands alone.But if robots are to reach the next stage of laborsaving utility, they will have to operate with less human supervision and be able to make at least a few decisions for themselves -- goals that pose a real challenge. “While we know how to tell a robot to handle a specific error,” says Dave Lavery, manager of a robotics program at NASA, “we can‟t yet give a robot enough …common sense‟ to reliably interact with a dynamic world.”Indeed the quest for true artificial intelligence has produced very mixed results. Despite a spell of initial optimism in the 1960s and 1970s when it appeared that transistor circuits and microprocessors might be able to copy the action of the human brain by the year 2010, researchers lately have begun to extend that forecast by decades if not centuries.What they found, in attempting to model thought, is that the human brain‟s roughly one hundred billion nerve cells are much more talented—and human perception far more complicated —than previously imagined. They have built robots that can recognize the error of a machine panel by a fraction of a millimeter in a controlled factory environment. But the human mind can glimpse a rapidly changing scene and immediately disregard the 98 percent that is irrelevant, instantaneously focusing on the monkey at the side of a winding forest road or the single suspiciousface in a big crowd. The most advanced computer systems on Earth can‟t approach that kind of ability, and neuroscientists still don‟t know quite how we do it.31. Human ingenuity was initially demonstrated in ________.A. the use of machines to produce science fictionB. the wide use of machines in manufacturing industryC. the invention of tools for difficult and dangerous workD. the elite‟s cunning tackling of dangerous and boring work32. The word “gizmos” (Line 1, Paragraph 2) most probably means________.A. programsB. expertsC. devicesD. creatures33. According to the text, what is beyond man‟s ability no w is to design a robot thatcan ________.A. fulfill delicate tasks like performing brain surgeryB. interact with human beings verballyC. have a little common senseD. respond independently to a changing world34 Besides reducing human labor, robots can also________.A. make a few decisions for themselvesB. deal with some errors with human interventionC. improve factory environmentsD. cultivate human creativity35. The author uses the example of a monkey to argue that robots are________.A. expected to copy human brain in internal structureB. able to perceive abnormalities immediatelyC. far less able than human brain in focusing on relevant informationD. best used in a controlled environmentPassage FourThough it is mere 1 to 3 percent of the population, the upper class possesses at least 25 percent of the nation‟s wealth. This class has two segments: upper-upper and lower-upper. Basically, the upper-upper class is “old rich” －families that have been wealthy for several generations －an aristocracy of birth and wealth. Their names are in the Social Register, a listing of acceptable members of high society. A few are known across the nations, such as the Rockefellers, Roosevelts, and Vanderbilts. Mostare not visible to the general public. They live in grand seclusion, drawing their income from the investment of their inherited wealth. In contrast, the lower-upper class is the “new rich”. Although they may be wealthier than some of the old rich, the new rich have hustled to make their money like everybody else beneath their class. Thus their prestige is generally lower than that of the old rich, who have not found it necessary to lift a finger to make their money, and who tend to look down upon the new rich.However its wealth is required, the upper class is very, very rich. They have enough money and leisure time to cultivate an interest in the arts and to collect rare books, paintings, and sculptures. They generally live in exclusive areas, belong to exclusive social club, communicate with each other, and marry their own kind －all of which keeps them so distant from the masses that they have been called the out-of-sight class. More than any other class, they tend to be conscious of being members of a class. They also command an enormous amount of power and influence here and abroad, as they hold many top government positions, run the Council on Foreign Relations, and control multinational corporations. Their actions affect the lives of millions.36 All the following statements are true EXCEPT that ______.A. the upper-upper class is of aristocratic originB. the “old rich” enjoy higher prestige than the “new rich”C. the “old rich” isolate themselves and lead a lonely lifeD. the upper class owns at least a quarter of the country‟s wealth37. According to the author, the “old rich” get richer ______.A. through the Social RegisterB. through their reputationC. by investing their inherited wealthD. by collecting paintings and sculptures38. The reason why the “old rich” look down upon the “new rich” is th at ___ ___.A. the former are wealthier than the latterB. the latter sweat themselves to make moneyC. the “new rich” have no interest in artsD. the “old rich” are conscious of being members of the upper class39. The upper class is also called the out-of-sight class because ______.A. they keep away from the general publicB. they spend most of their time abroadC. they don‟t communicate with any peopleD. they move frequently from place to place40 We can learn from the passage that ______.A .the upper class is powerful and influentialB. the upper class collects rare books to make moneyC. the upper class holds all top government positionsD. the “old rich” makes much more money than the “new rich”Part III Writing (40%)Directions: Write an essay of 160-200 words based on the following drawing. In your essay, you should1)describe the drawing briefly,2)explain its intended meaning, and then3)give your comments.You should write neatly on your ANSWER SHEET. Remember to give a title to your writing.。