参考文献着录格式与示例-海外英语教学内容
国外英文图书参考文献规范
国外英文图书参考文献规范国外英文论文参考文献规范（国外英文论文参考文献格式）国外英文参考文献规范（国外英文参考文献格式）在处理英文参考文献时应尽量参考英语原版书的常用格式，以符合英语惯用法，使自己写的英语看起来像英美人写的英语。
下面是一些从英文原版书中摘出的例子。
例（1）—（7）选自英国Edinburgh University Press出版的Modern North American Criticism and Theory: A Critical Guide。
(1) Austin, J. L. How to do Things with Words. New York, 1962.(2) Bennett,A.(ed.)Readers and Reading. London, 1995.(3) —.Readings and Feelings.Urbana, IL, 1975.(4) —.Literature and Self-Awareness. New York, 1977.(5) Cook, P. and Bernink, M. (eds) The Cinema Book. London, 1999.(6) Derrida, J. Memoires: For Paul de Man, trans. Cecile Lindsay et al. New York, 1986.(7) Holland, N.‘Unity Identity Text Self’, in Reader-Response Criticism, ed. J.P. Tompkins. Baltimore, MD,1980.例（8）—（12）选自美国The Johns Hopkins University Press 出版的In Defense of American Higher Education。
(8) American Association of University Professors. 1966. Statement on government of colleges and universities. AAUP Bulletin 52, no. 4:375-79.(9) Barr, R., and J. Tagg. 1995. From teaching to learning: A new paradigm for undergraduate education. Change 27(November-December):12-25.(10) Benjamin, R. et al. 1993. The redesign of governance in higher education. Santa Monica, Calif.:RAND.(11) LaPidus, J. B. 1995. Doctoral education and studentcareer needs. In Student services for the changing graduate student population, edited by A.S. Pruitt-Logan and P. Isaac. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass.(12) ——.1997. Why pursuing a Ph.D. is a risky business. Chronicle of Higher Education, 14 November, A60.例（13）—（16）选自英国Sage Publications出版的Interviewing for Social Scientists。
英语专业毕业论文参考文献格式_论文格式_
英语专业毕业论文参考文献格式参考文献的著录要求另页书写。
以“references”居中作为标识;参考文献的序号左顶格，并用数字加方括号表示，如[1]，[2]，…，每一参考文献条目的最后均以“.”结束，文献后加[文献标识]。
文献类型标识：普通图书[m], 会议录[c], 汇编[g], 报纸[n], 期刊[j]学位论文[d], 报告[r]，标准[s]，专利[p]，数据库[db]计算机程序[cp]，电子公告[eb] 磁带[mt]，磁盘[dk]光盘[cd]，联机网络[ol]国家标准gb 7714-87, gb/t 7714 -XX《文后参考文献著录规则》格式举例：1.专著类【格式】[序号]作者.书名[m].出版地：出版社，出版年份.[1]何兆熊. 新编语用学概论[m]. 上海：上海外语教育出版社, XX.[2]brown, p. & levinson, s.c. politeness: universals in language usage [m].cambridge: cambridge university press, 1987.2.期刊类【格式】[序号]作者.篇名[j].刊名，出版年份，卷号(期号)：起止页码.[3]刘建达.中生英语语用能力的测试[j]. 外语教学与研究, XX(4): 259-265.[4]cameron, l. confrontations or complementarities? metaphor in language use and cognitive metaphor theory [j]. annual review of cognitive linguistics, XX(5): 107-135.3.报纸类【格式】[序号]作者.篇名[n].报纸名，出版日期(版次).[5]李大伦.经济全球化时代英语学习的重要性[n]. 光明日报，1998-12-27(3).[6]french, w. between silences: a voice from china [n].atlanticweekly, 1987-8-15(33).4.论文集【格式】[序号]作者.篇名[c].出版地：出版者，出版年份：起始页码.[7]伍蠡甫.西方文论选[c]. 上海：上海译文出版社，1979：12-17.[8] spivak,g. “can the subaltern speak?”[a]. in c.nelson & l. grossberg(eds.). victory in limbo: imigism [c]. urbana: university of illinois press, 1988, 271-313.5.学位论文【格式】[序号]作者.篇名[d].出版地，出版年份.[9]王淼.中初水平学习者在外语学习环境下的偶遇词汇学习[d]. 上海外国语大学，XX .6.研究报告【格式】[序号]作者.篇名[r].出版地：出版者，出版年份：起始页码.[10] 冯西桥.翻译研究的多维视角[r].北京：清华大学, 1997：9-10.。
英文参考文献的格式怎么写
英文参考文献的格式怎么写参考文献是英语论文的重要组成部分，也是编辑加工和重要内容。
下面小编为大家介绍英文参考文献的格式怎么写，欢迎阅读。
(一)直接引用1.引用中的省略原始资料的引用：在正文中直接引用时，应给出作者、年份，并用带括号的数字标出页码。
若有任何资料省略，使用英文时，应用3个省略号在句中标出(…)，中文用6个(……);若两句间的资料省略，英文应用4个省略号标出(‥‥)，中文用6个(……)。
若要在直接引用插入自己的解释，应使用方括号[ ]。
若在资料中有什么错误拼写、错误语法或标点错误会使读者糊涂，应在引用后立即插入[sic]，中文用[原文如此]。
下面是一些示例：例一：The DSM IV defines the disorder [dysthymic] as being in a chronically depressed mood that occurs for "most of the day more days than not for at least two years (Criterion A) .... In children, the mood may be irritable rather than depressed, and the required minimum duration is only one year" (APA, 1994, p. 345).例二：Issac (1995) states that bipolar disorder "is not only uncommon but may be the most diagnostic entity in children and adolescents in similar settings .... and may be the most common diagnosis in adolescents who are court-remanded to such settings" (p.275).2.大段落引用当中文引用超过160字时，不使用引号，而使用“块”的形式(引用起于新的一行，首行缩进4个空格，两端对齐，之后每行都缩进)。
英文引用及参考文献格式要求
英文引用及参考文献格式要求一、参考文献的类型参考文献（即引文出处）的类型以单字母方式标识，具体如下：M——专著C——论文集N——报纸文章J——期刊文章D——学位论文R——报告对于不属于上述的文献类型，采用字母“Z”标识。
对于英文参考文献，还应注意以下两点：①作者姓名采用“姓在前名在后”原则，具体格式是：姓，名字的首字母.如：MalcolmRichardCowley应为：Cowley,M.R.，如果有两位作者，第一位作者方式不变，&之后第二位作者名字的首字母放在前面，姓放在后面，如：FrankNorris与IrvingGordon应为：Norris,F.&I.Gordon.；②书名、报刊名使用斜体字，如：MasteringEnglishLiterature，EnglishWeekly。
二、参考文献的格式及举例1.期刊类【格式】[序号]作者.篇名[J].刊名，出版年份，卷号（期号）：起止页码.【举例】[1]王海粟.浅议会计信息披露模式[J].财政研究，2004,21(1)：56-58.[2]夏鲁惠.高等学校毕业论文教学情况调研报告[J].高等理科教育，2004(1):46-52.[3]Heider,E.R.&D.C.Oliver.Thestructureofcolorspaceinnamingandme moryoftwolanguages[J].ForeignLanguageTeachingandResearch,1999,(3):6 2–67.2.专著类【格式】[序号]作者.书名[M].出版地：出版社，出版年份：起止页码.【举例】[4]葛家澍，林志军.现代西方财务会计理论[M].厦门：厦门大学出版社，2001：42.[5]Gill,R.MasteringEnglishLiterature[M].London:Macmillan,1985:4 2-45.3.报纸类【格式】[序号]作者.篇名[N].报纸名，出版日期（版次）.【举例】[6]李大伦.经济全球化的重要性[N].光明日报，1998-12-27(3).[7]French,W.BetweenSilences:AVoicefromChina[N].AtlanticWeekly,1 98715(33).4.论文集【格式】[序号]作者.篇名[C].出版地：出版者，出版年份：起始页码.【举例】[8]伍蠡甫.西方文论选[C].上海：上海译文出版社，1979：12-17.[9]Spivak,G.“CantheSubalternSpeak?”[A].InC.Nelson&L.Grossberg (eds.).VictoryinLimbo:Imigism[C].Urbana:UniversityofIllinoisPress,1 988,pp.271-313.。
英文参考文献格式举例
英文参考文献格式举例
英文参考文献格式通常会根据不同的学科和出版物而有所差异，但以下是一个常见的英文参考文献格式示例：
[序号] 作者姓氏，作者名字缩写，年份，文章标题，期刊名，卷号，期号，页码。
例如：
1. [1] Smith, , 2008, "The importance of water quality in aquaculture", Journal of Aquaculture, 92, 2, .
2. [2] Johnson, , and Lee, , 2010, "Nutritional requirements of farmed fish", Reviews in Aquaculture, 4, 1, 3-18.
3. [3] Zhang, W., 2012, "The impact of climate change on water resources", Water Resources Management, 26, 7, .
在上面的示例中，"作者姓氏"指的是作者的姓氏，"作者名字缩写"是作者的完整名字的缩写，"年份"是文章发表的年份，"文章标题"是文章的标题，"期
刊名"是期刊的名称，"卷号"是期刊的卷号，"期号"是期刊的期号，"页码"是文章的起始页码。
请注意，这只是一个示例，具体的格式可能会因学科、出版物或学术机构的要求而有所不同。
因此，在撰写英文参考文献时，最好查阅所投期刊或出版物的具体格式要求，以确保正确引用文献。
英语参考文献 编者按的格式及范文
英语参考文献编者按的格式及范文全文共3篇示例，供读者参考篇1Title: Guidelines for the APA Style of Reference List with Editor's NoteIntroduction:The American Psychological Association (APA) Style is commonly used in the fields of social sciences and involves specific guidelines for citing sources in academic writing. One key aspect of APA Style is the reference list, which provides detailed information about the sources used in a paper. In this document, we will discuss the format of the APA reference list and provide a sample reference list with an editor's note.Format of the APA Reference List:The APA Style of reference list is organized in alphabetical order, with each entry following a specific format. The basic elements of a reference entry include the author's name, publication date, title of the source, and other relevant information. Here is an example of a reference list entry for a book:Smith, J. (2000). The Art of Writing: A Guide for Scholars. New York, NY: Academic Press.Editor's Note:When compiling a reference list, it is important to pay attention to details and follow the guidelines provided by the APA Style. In this sample reference list entry, the author's last name is followed by their initials, the publication date is enclosed in parentheses, the title of the book is italicized, and the location and publisher information is included. This format ensures that readers can easily locate and verify the sources cited in the paper.Conclusion:In conclusion, the APA Style of reference list plays a crucial role in academic writing by providing a standardized format for citing sources. By following the guidelines outlined in this document, authors can create accurate and consistent reference lists that enhance the credibility of their work. Remember to consult the official APA Style guide for more detailed instructions on formatting reference entries.篇2Editor's Note: The Importance of Referencing in English Academic WritingIn academic writing, referencing is a crucial aspect that cannot be overlooked. It serves multiple purposes such as acknowledging the work of others, providing evidence to support arguments, and enhancing the credibility of the writer's own work. In this editorial piece, we will discuss the format and importance of referencing in English academic writing.First and foremost, it is important to understand the various referencing styles commonly used in English academic writing. Some of the popular styles include APA (American Psychological Association), MLA (Modern Language Association), Chicago, and Harvard referencing. Each style has its own rules and guidelines for citing sources such as books, journal articles, websites, and other materials.The format of the referencing can vary depending on the type of source being cited. For example, in APA style, a book citation includes the author's name, publication year, book title, and publisher. On the other hand, a journal article citation includes the author's name, publication year, article title, journal name, volume, and page numbers. It is crucial for writers tofollow the specific guidelines of the chosen referencing style to ensure accuracy and consistency in their citations.Referencing is important for several reasons. Firstly, it gives credit to the original authors and researchers whose work has been used in the writer's own work. This is crucial for avoiding plagiarism and upholding academic integrity. Secondly, referencing provides evidence to support the writer's arguments and claims. By citing reputable sources, writers can strengthen their arguments and enhance the credibility of their work. Lastly, referencing allows readers to trace the sources of information and verify the accuracy of the information presented.In conclusion, referencing plays a significant role in English academic writing. It is important for writers to familiarize themselves with the various referencing styles and follow the guidelines to ensure accuracy and consistency in their citations. By acknowledging the work of others, providing evidence to support arguments, and enhancing credibility, referencing contributes to the overall quality and integrity of academic writing.Editor: Jane SmithDate: October 15, 2021篇3Title: The Format and Sample of Editor's Note in English ReferencesIn academic writing, citing sources is crucial to provide credibility and support for one's arguments. When citing references in English papers, it is important to follow a specific format, including an Editor's Note where necessary. The Editor's Note is a brief statement that provides additional information about the source or its relevance to the paper. This article will outline the format and provide a sample of an Editor's Note in English references.Format of Editor's Note:The Editor's Note should be placed immediately after the reference in parentheses. It should be a brief statement that clarifies the context of the source or explains why it is relevant to the paper. The note should be concise and to the point, providing any necessary information without going into unnecessary detail.Sample of Editor's Note:Reference:Smith, J. (2018). The Impact of Globalization on Business Practices. Journal of International Business Studies, 42(3),124-137.Editor's Note:This article by Smith (2018) provides a comprehensive analysis of the impact of globalization on business practices. The author discusses the various challenges and opportunities that globalization presents for businesses operating in the international market. This source is relevant to the paper as it helps to contextualize the discussion on the effects of globalization on business strategies.In conclusion, the Editor's Note is an important component of citing references in English papers. It helps to provide additional information and context for the reader, making the research more credible and trustworthy. By following the format and providing a concise note, authors can enhance the quality of their papers and demonstrate their academic rigor.。
英语参考文献格式(英文版)
•
•
*、作者编者不详的书籍
• • 格式：
书名 (□□版.). (出版年). 出版城市, 州别简称:
出版者.
• •
范例：
Merriam-Webster’s collegiate dictionary (10th ed.). (1993)
Springfield, MA:
Merriam Webster.
Beyond redlining: Editing software that works. Poster session
七、电子网路资料
（一）电子期刊： 1. 电子版与纸本版并行之期刊：应注明电子版或 Electronic version 及页码 • 格式： • 作者（出版年）。文章名称﹝电子版﹞。期刊名 称，卷，页码。 • 范例： • 金成隆（2002）。生产科技对财务报表质量影响 之研究﹝电子版﹞。企业管理学报，54， 33-51。 • VandenBos, G., Knapp, S., & Doe, J. (2001). Role of reference elements in the selection of resources by psychology undergraduates [Electronic version]. Journal of Bibliographic Research, 5, 117-123.
• After the author(s) comes the year of publication, in parentheses and followed by a period. • Capitalize only the first letter of the first word of a title and subtitle (if any), and any proper names within a title. • The first line of the entry is flush left; hanging indents are applied starting with the second line of each reference with about 4 spaces indented. • APA 格式不采用文献编号的方式排列，
外文参考文献资料范例_论文格式_
外文参考文献资料范例参考文献[1] andrea h. creating ‘buzz’：opportunities and limitations of social media for arts institutions and their viral marketing, international journal of nonprofit and voluntary sector marketing,XX; 17(3), 173-182.[2] andreas m. k，michael haenlein.two hearts in three-quarter time: how to waltz the social media/viral marketing dance.business horizons，XX,54(3)，253-263.[3] angela d.,david t.. controlled infection! spreading the brand message through viral marketing. business horizons. XX,3(48).143-149,[4] bowman d.，narayandas d.. managing customerinitiated contacts with manufacturers: the impact on share of category requirements and word-of-mouth behavior journal of marketing research, XX，38(3),281-297.[5] brown j. j., reingen p. h.. social ties and word-of-mouth referral behavior. the journal of consumer research, 1987,14(3),350—362，[6] carmen c. social and attitudinal determinants of viral marketing dynamics. computers in human behavior，XX,27(6)，2292-2300.[7] douglas r.media virus. new york;ballantine books，1994,3-16.[8] ennew c.，banerjee a.. li d..managing word of mouth communication: empirical evidence.international journal of bank marketing, XX,18(2).75-83.[9] goldenberg j.，libai b., muller e.. talk of the network: a complex systems look at the underlying process of word-of-mouth. marketing letters, XX, 3(12).211-223.[10] hinz, 01iver,skiera.seeding strategies for viral marketing: an empirical comparison. journal of marketing,XX,75(6),55-72,[11] ho jason y.c., dempsey.vral marketing: motivations to forward online content.ournal of business research?XX,63(9-10), 1000-1006.[12] hoedemaekers, casper.viral marketing and imaginary ethics, or the joke that goes too far. psychoanalysis, culture & society,XX,16(2),162-178.[13] jinshuang l.. scalable influence maximization in social networks using thecommunity discovery algorithm. genetic and evolutionary computing(1cgec), XX sixth international conference on.XX.8(25),284-287.[14] judith c. dina m.. the effect of word of mouth on sales: online book reviews.journal of marketing research.XX. 43(3).345-356.[15] jure l, lada a. a, bernardo a. h. the dynamics of viral marketing. in acmconference on electronic commerce，XX，pages 228-237.[16] joseph e. ,regina l..viral marketing or electronic word-of-mouth advertising:examining consumer responses and motivations to pass along email. journalof advertising research,XX,12(44),333-348.[17] lucy h..viral marketing: share index is measure of a viral's success，marketingweek,XX,5(4)，24-32.[18] m. j. s"game plan for viral marketing. meetings and conventions,XX,45(6),41-53.[19] malcolm g. the tipping point. new york：little,brown and company，XX,5-20.[20] mani r. s.，balaji r. knowledge-sharing and influence inonline social networksvia viral marketing. communications of the acm, XX，46(12)，300—307.[21] matt h.the art of buzz; viral marketing agency knows how to get a lot ofattention. national post,XX,fp4.[22] mcconnell， michael.'viral' marketing's power - and time torenew.snips，XX，80(6),5-20.[23] michalski, radoslaw j.. negative effects of incentivised viral campaigns for activity in social networks. cloud and green computing(cgc).XX,11(1-3),391-398.[24] palka, wolfgang.mobile word-of-mouth - a grounded theory of mobile viralmarketing. information technology journal,XX.24(2), 172-185.[25] pandit s.，yang y..maximizing information spread through influence structuresin social networks. data mining workshops (icdmw), XX ieee 12thinternational conference on. XX,12(10),258-265.[26] raei h. a new algorithm for positive influence dominating set in socialnetworks. advances in social networks analysis and mining (as on am), XXieee/acm international conference on.XX,8(26),253-257.[27] ralph f.w. the six simple principles of viral marketing. XX-02-01.[28] scott, david m. the new rules of marketing and pr: how to use newsreleases, blogs, podcasting，viral marketing and online media to reach buyersdirectly, john wiley & scons.XX,41-101[29] sabrina h. viral marketing-establishing customer relationships by 'word-of-mouse'. electronic markets，XX,10(3),158-161.[30] shapiro,michael j.. building buzz:how viral marketingpromotes meetiongs.meetings and conventions,XX45(6).36-42.[31] watts d., peretti j.. viral marketing for the real word. harvard businessreview,XX,10(1),22-23.[32] wonyeol l.. ct-ic: continuously activated and time-restricted independent cascade model for viral marketing. data mining (icdm)，XX ieee 12thinternational conference on. XX,12(10),960-965.[33] xiaxiu f. mining core groups based on network-influence set for web viral marketing. business computing and global informatization (bcgin)，XXsecond international conference on. XX,10(12),867-870.[34] yang h., zhou c..extending tpb and tam to mobile viral marketing: anexploratory study on american young consumers' mobile viral marketing attitude,intent and behavior, journal of targeting. measurement and analysis formarketing，XX，19(2),85-98.[35] zhuoqi l.，how well-connected individuals help spread influences —analysesbased on preferential voter model. advances in social networks analysis andmining (asonam), XX ieee/acm international conference on.XX,08(26),674-678.。
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《海外英语》参考文献著录格式与示例编写日期：2009-10-20执行日期：2009-11-010简介参考文献是论文不可缺少的一个组成部分，是作者对前人成果继承的反应，也是读者获取信息资源的重要线索。
为了方便作者撰写、读者检索参考文献，特制订此参考文献著录规范，适用范围为《海外英语》。
0.1标志代码对应表按文献的出版形式划分，可将参考文献分为普通图书、期刊、报纸、会议文集、学位论文、科技报告、技术标准、专利文献、电子资源等等。
按文献的存储介质不同，又可分为纸质、磁带、光盘和联机网络，没有特别声明的文献均属于纸质文献。
0.2著录通则1)参考文献用英文著录，中文参考文献同时用中、英文著录2)每篇文献最多列出3位作者，多于3位时，中文用“等”字，英文用“et al”。
3)作者的名字一律“姓在前名在后”。
欧美人的名字可以用缩写字母，缩写名后省略缩写点。
用汉语拼音书写的中国作者姓名不得缩写。
对于团体名称，应由上至下分级著录。
例：[1] Lee D, Lim M, Han S, et al[2] Zhang Hua, Wu Zunbao, Shi Keqiang, et al[3] Stanford University, Department of Civil Engineering4)每篇参考文献用标点“.”做结束符。
5)电子文献必须注明载体类型；联机文献必须注明引用日期( [yyyy-mm-dd] )、获取和访问路径；6)会议论文一律以论文集的形式著录，需注明论文集的出版地、出版者和出版年，不再写会议的举行时间和地点。
例：[1] Singh G, Serra L, Ping W, et al. BrickNet: Sharing object behaviors on the Net [C] //Proc of IEEEVRAIS’95. Piscataway, NJ: IEEE, 1995: 19-257)会议论文以LNCS, LNAI, LNBI的形式出版的，其文献类别为“汇编”，标识符“G”。
[1] Aberer K．P-grid：A self-organizing access structure for P2P information systems [G] // LNCS 2172: Procof the 6th Int Conf on Cooperative Information Systems．Berlin: Springer, 2001：179-1948)9) 版本的著录采用阿拉伯数字、序号缩略形式或其他标志表示，第1版不著录，古籍的版本可著录“写本”“抄本”“刻本”“活字本”等。
示例1：第三版或第3版著录为：3版示例2：Fifth edition著录为：5th ed.示例3：Revised edition著录为：Rev. ed.示例4：2005年版著录为：2005版10) 版本的著录采用阿拉伯数字、序号缩略形式或其他标志表示，第1版不著录，古籍的版本可著录“写本”“抄本”“刻本”“活字本”等。
示例1：第三版或第3版著录为：3版示例2：Fifth edition著录为：5th ed.示例3：Revised edition著录为：Rev. ed.示例4：2005年版著录为：2005版11) 正确著录期刊的年、卷、期、页示例1：年，卷(期):页2005,10(2):15-20示例2：年,卷:页2005,35:123-129示例3：年(期):页2005(1):90-94示例4：年(合期号):页2005(1/2):40-432005(10/11/12):65-700.3 参考文献在正文中的标注方法本刊采用顺序编码制的标注方法。
示例：张扬[1] 指出……李大飞[2-3]认为……形成了多种数学模型[7,9,11-13]……错误1：张扬[1] 指出……李大飞[2,3]认为……形成了多种数学模型[7,9,11-13]……错误2：张扬[1] 指出……李大飞[2],[3] 认为……形成了多种数学模型[7],[9],[11-13]……错误3：张扬1指出……李大飞(2-3) 认为……形成了多种学模型(7,9,11-13)……************************************************************************************** 各类常见参考文献的著录举例说明(注：著录格式中{ }中的部分是可选项；兰色部分对于联机文献是必选项。
)1普通图书[M]格式:[序号]主要责任者.题名：其他题名信息[文献类型标志/文献载体标志].{其他责任者.} {版本项.} 出版地：出版者，出版年{：引文页码}{ [引用日期], 获取和访问路径}.例：[1] Roman S. The Umbral Calcus [M]. New York: Academic Press, 1984: 100-130.[2] 赵耀东.新时代的工业工程师[M/OL].台北：天下文化出版社，1998.[2000-09-21]..tw/info/ie.newie.htm.注：对于译著，建议尽量提供原著，注明原著的责任者、题名项、出版地、出版年等信息；实在找不到原著的，按照如下形式著录：[3] Roger S Pressman. Software Engineering: A Practitioner's Approach [M]. Translated by Mei Hong. 5th ed.Beijing: China Machine Press, 2004 (in Chinese).(Roger S Pressman. 软件工程：实践者的研究方法[M]. 梅宏,译. 5版. 北京: 机械工业出版社, 2004.)2会议文集[C]格式：[序号]主要责任者.题名：其他题名信息[文献类型标志/文献载体标志] // 文集名称.出版地：出版者，出版年{：引文页码}{ [引用日期], 获取和访问路径}.例：[1] Singh G, Serra L, Ping W, et al. BrickNet: Sharing object behaviors on the Net [C] //Proc of IEEE VRAIS’95. Piscataway, NJ: IEEE, 1995: 19-25.[2] Ebcioglu K, Altman E. DAISY: Dynamic compilation for 100 percent architectural compatibility [C] //Proc of the 24th Annual Int Symp on Computer Architecture. New York: ACM, 1997.3期刊[J]3.1引用期刊中一篇文献格式：[序号]析出文献主要责任者.析出文献题名[文献类型标志/文献载体标志].期刊题名：其他题名信息，年，卷（期）：页码{ [引用日期], 获取和访问路径}.例：[1] Lie Wennung, Lin Guoshiang. A feature-based classification technique for blind image steganalysis [J]. IEEETrans on Multimedia, 2005, 7(6): 1007-1020.[2] Li Xiaofeng, Feng Dengguo, He Yongzhong. Research on preprocessing policies in XACML Admin [J].Journal of Computer Research and Development, 2007, 44(5): 729-736(in Chinese).（李晓峰, 冯登国, 何永忠. XACML Admin中的策略预处理研究[J]. 计算机研究与发展, 2007, 44(5): 729-736）.3.2引用整期期刊格式：[序号]主要责任者.题名：其他题名信息[文献类型标志/文献载体标志].年, 卷(期) - 年, 卷(期).出版地：出版者，出版年{ [引用日期], 获取和访问路径}.例：[1] Chartered Institute of Library and Information Professionals. Journal of Information Science [J]. 1979,1(1)-.London: Published for the Chartered Institute of Library and Information Professionals by SAGE Publications, 1979.4学位论文[D]格式：[序号]主要责任者.题名：其他题名信息[文献类型标志/文献载体标志].出版地：出版者（或者版权所属单位），出版年{：引文页码}{ [引用日期], 获取和访问路径}.例：[1] Ji Qingguang. Study on formalization design for high-level secure operating system [D]. Beijing: Institute ofSoftware, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 2004 (in Chinese).(季庆光. 高安全等级操作系统形式设计的研究[D]. 北京: 中国科学院软件研究所, 2004.)5技术报告[R]格式：[序号]主要责任者.题名：其他题名信息[文献类型标志/文献载体标志].{其他责任者.版本项.} 出版地：出版者（或者版权所属单位），出版年{：引文页码}{ [引用日期], 获取和访问路径}.例：[1] U S Department of Transportation Federal Highway Administration.Guidelines for handling excavatedacid-producing materials, PB 91-194001 [R].Springfield：U S Department of Commerce National Information Service, 1990.[2] Chiueh T, Huang L. Efficient real-time index updates in text retrieval systems [R]. New York: Stony Brook,1998.6标准[S]格式：[序号]主要责任者.题名：其他题名信息[文献类型标志/文献载体标志].出版地：出版者，出版年{：引文页码}{ [引用日期], 获取和访问路径}.例：[1] Moses T. Extensible Access Control Markup Language (xacml), Version 2.0 [S]. Billerica: Organization forthe Advancement of Structured Information Standards (OASIS), 2005.[2] 全国信息与文献标准委员会第6分委员会.GB/T 7714—2005 文后参考文献著录规则[S].北京：中国标准出版社，2005.7汇编[G]7.1引用汇编中一篇文献格式：[序号]主要责任者.题名：其他题名信息[文献类型标志/文献载体标志]// 汇编文集名称. 出版地：出版者，出版年：引文页码{ [引用日期], 获取和访问路径}.例：[1] Aberer K.P-grid：A self-organizing access structure for P2P information systems [G] // LNCS 2172: Proc ofthe 6th Int Conf on Cooperative Information Systems.Berlin: Springer, 2001：179-194.7.2 引用整部汇编格式：[序号]主要责任者.汇编文集名称[文献类型标志/文献载体标志].出版地：出版者，出版年{ [引用日期], 获取和访问路径}.例：[1] Muller Olm M. LNCS 3800 : Flow Analysis and Sequential and parallel Programs [G].Berlin: Springer, 2001.8电子公告[EB]格式：[序号]主要责任者.题名：其他题名信息[文献类型标志/文献载体标志].{出版地：出版者，} {出版年（更新或修改日期）}[引用日期].获取和访问路径.例：[1] PACS-1：The public-access computer systems forum [EB/OL].Houston,Tex：University of HoustonLibraries,1989[1995-05-17]./pacsl.html.[2] Dublin Core Metadata Initiative. Dublin Core Metadata Element Set, Version 1.1: Reference Description[EB/OL]. (2003-06-02)[2005-03-21]. /documents/2003/08/26/usageguide.9专利[P]格式：[序号]专利申请者或所有者.专利题名：专利国别，专利号[文献类型标志/文献载体标志].公告日期或公开日期{ [引用日期], 获取和访问路径}.例：[1] 杨林.移动电话机：中国，CN99115146.1[P].2001-03-28.[2]杨林江.沥青混凝土再生搅拌机：中国，CN200510049046.3[P/OL].2005-08-03[2006-02-05].http://211.157.104.67/sipoasp/zljs/hyjs-yx-new.asp?recid=CN200510049046.3&leixin=0&title=沥青混凝土再生搅拌机&ipc=E01C19/10.10报纸[N]格式：[序号]主要责任者.题名：其他题名信息[文献类型标志/文献载体标志].报纸名称. {出版地：出版者}，出版年{：引文页码}{ [引用日期], 获取和访问路径}.例：[1] 中华人民共和国国务院.经济日报[N].1983（1）-.北京：经济日报社，1983-.[2]潘涛.商务印书馆悄然推出科普巨著[N/OL].中华读书报，1997-09-17（9）[2006-01-27].http://162.105.138.196:8008/jbxt/gns-homepage.htm.11数据库[DB]格式：[序号]主要责任者.题名：其他题名信息[文献类型标志/文献载体标志].{出版地：出版者，} {出版年（更新或修改日期）}{[引用日期], 获取和访问路径}.12计算机程序[CP]格式：[序号]主要责任者.题名：其他题名信息[文献类型标志/文献载体标志].{出版地：出版者，} {出版年（更新或修改日期）}{[引用日期], 获取和访问路径}.《海外英语》杂志社国内刊号：CN 34-1209/G4国际刊号：ISSN 1009-5039网址：。