英语口译基础能力证书考试实考试卷汇编
英语翻译基础历年真题试卷汇编24(题后含答案及解析)
英语翻译基础历年真题试卷汇编24(题后含答案及解析) 题型有：1. 词语翻译词语翻译英译汉1．cultural pluralism.正确答案：文化多元性2．lingua franca正确答案：混合语，通用语3．stage fright正确答案：怯场4．functional equivalence正确答案：功能对等5．PIIGS正确答案：欧猪五国6．Obama-mess正确答案：奥巴马困境7．seckill正确答案：秒杀8．Chindonesia正确答案：中印尼，亚洲铁三角9．intexticated正确答案：边开车边发短信10．broken society正确答案：破裂的社会11．defriend正确答案：解除好友关系12．ghost estate正确答案：鬼宅13．copycatting正确答案：山寨14．great recession正确答案：大萧条汉译英15．翻译能力正确答案：translation competence 16．翻译标准正确答案：translation criterion 17．典故正确答案：literary quotation 18．汉化英语正确答案：Chinglish19．陪同口译正确答案：Escort Interpretation 20．跨文化交际正确答案：cross-cultural communication21．模拟国际会议口译正确答案：mock international conference interpretation22．典籍英译正确答案：English Translation of Chinese Classics23．学术翻译正确答案：academic translation24．翻译专业硕士正确答案：Master of Translation and Interpreting25．建设中国特色社会主义正确答案：the construction of socialism with Chinese characteristics。
英语翻译基础历年真题试卷汇编107(题后含答案及解析)
英语翻译基础历年真题试卷汇编107(题后含答案及解析)全部题型 2. 英汉互译英汉互译汉译英1．今年初，我曾经讲过，今年恐怕是中国经济最为困难的一年。
我国遭受了严重的雨雪冰冻灾害和特大地震灾害，又面临国内外复杂多变的环境。
我们克服重重困难，保持了经济平稳较快发展的态势。
上半年国内生产总值同比增长10．4％；农业发展势头良好，夏粮连续五年增产；投资、消费、出口三大需求增长趋向均衡，经济发展协调性增强；产业结构调整加快，节能减排取得明显成效，财政收入和企业利润保持较快增长，发展质量和效益进一步提高；城镇就业持续增加，城乡居民收入继续提高；近几个月来，居民消费价格指数涨幅逐月回落。
总的看来，中国经济发展的基本面没有改变，正朝着宏观调控的预期方向发展。
正确答案：As I said earlier in the year, 2008 could be the most difficult year for China’s economy. We experienced heavy snow and sleet storms and the devastating earthquake and faced a complex and changing situation both at home and abroad. Yet, we have overcome difficulties one after another and maintained the momentum of steady and fast economic growth. In the first six months, the GDP grew by 10. 4% over the corresponding period of last year. Agriculture has enjoyed good development and summer crops have registered five consecutive years of increase. The demands for investment, consumption and export are growing in a more balanced way, and there is better coordination in economic development. With accelerated adjustment in the industrial structure, marked progress in energy conservation and emission reduction, and fairly rapid increase in fiscal revenue and business profits, the quality and efficiency of development have been further enhanced. More jobs have been created in urban areas, and urban and rural income continues to grow. The consumer price index has been coming down in recent months. In short, the economic fundamentals in China remain unchanged and the economy is moving in the direction envisaged in the macro-economic control policy.2．我们参观博物馆时，常会看到各种古代铜镜——古代人用来整容的家庭日用品。
初级口译考试试题及答案
初级口译考试试题及答案口译是一种重要的语言交流方式，它在国际交流和商务沟通中起着至关重要的作用。
初级口译考试是对口译能力的基础测试，以下是一些典型的初级口译试题及其答案，希望对备考的人们有所帮助。
一、听力理解听力理解是口译考试中的重要部分，要求考生能够准确理解并转述所听到的信息。
以下是一道听力理解题：题目：请根据听到的对话内容，回答问题。
对话内容：A: Excuse me, could you tell me where the nearest post office is?B: Sure. Go straight ahead, and at the second traffic light, turn left. You will see it on your right.A: Thank you very much.问题：Where is the post office located?答案：The post office is located on the right side, after turning left at the second traffic light.二、口译翻译口译翻译是考察考生在两种语言之间的转换能力，要求考生能够准确地表达与所听到的内容相符的意思。
以下是一道口译翻译题：题目：请将以下英文句子口译成中文。
"I would like to book a table for two at 8 o'clock tonight."答案：我想预订今晚8点的一张两人桌。
三、阅读理解阅读理解是考察考生对所读内容的准确理解和概括能力。
以下是一道阅读理解题：题目：请根据以下短文内容，选择正确答案。
A healthy lifestyle is important for everyone. It includes eating a balanced diet, exercising regularly, getting enough sleep, and avoiding excessive stress. In order to maintain a healthy lifestyle, it is also importantto refrain from smoking and limit alcohol consumption.Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a part of a healthy lifestyle?A. Eating a balanced dietB. Exercising regularlyC. Getting enough sleepD. Smoking and alcohol consumption答案：D. Smoking and alcohol consumption四、口译对话口译对话是考察考生在真实对话场景中能够准确表达和理解的能力。
10月翻译资格二级英语口译实务试卷及答案
10月翻译资格二级英语口译实务试卷及答案The Certificate of English Interpretation: Level ⅡNow please listen to the instructions for this exam. I'll give you a brief introduction before each part of the exam begins and leave you enough time to do the interpreting.Each part is divided into a number of segments and at the start of each segment you will hear this tone. At each pause where you are expected to start interpreting, you'll also hear this tone .You'll hear each segment only once.Let's start with Part 1.Part 1 Consecutive Interpretation: English to ChineseIn this part you will hear a speech delivered in English by an American official at the Seminal" onInternational Trade Conflict and Public Relations. Please interpret this speech into Chinese.Let's begin.Ladies and Gentlemen,Recent polls show that the majority of Americans actually do believe that Sino-American relationship, bothpolitically and economically, is vitally important. Please allow me to offer some suggestions on what we can dotogether to cultivate our relationship, and to continue the progress of the last years so that we can work towardseducating our policymakers and citizens about the benefits of free trade to our economies.First, we must seek out opportunities to continue the exchange of views between our two countries.We must encourage students to study abroad--here I must admit we have a much harder time to getAmericans to travel than our friends in China. We should also urge the exchanges of academics,scientists and artists.Second, we need more exchange of business leaders. I recall the Fortune Global Forum that was held inShanghai in 1999, where more than 800 representatives, including 300 Chairmen, presidents and CEOs fromthe world's leading multinationals came to China to meet with over 200 Chinese entrepreneurs to exchangeopinions and share the experiences that affect their businesses.Third, I would urge you to come to the United States to learn about the factors thatshape Americanthinking and the formulation of its policies. Ask your friends and contacts to make introductions for you tomeet with business leaders and policymakers.Fourth, explore opportunities to invest in the United States. American legislators respond to nothingmore than to their constituents. Many of you already have subsidiaries in the US Here, the Haier Groupcomes to mind. Haier has invested over $15 million in a building in New York and over $40 million inCamden, South Carolina, employing significant numbers of Americans. We need to work together tomake sure that policymakers understand that our bilateral trade relationship is beneficial to both of oureconomies. This is a pattern that the Japanese used in the 1970s and 1980s to develop markets as well asto exert influence.Finally, we should work together to make the APEC viable again. We defined in 1994 that we would reach free trade among many APEC nations by the year 2005. We have lost momentum. China and the USshould work together to reinvigorate the APEC process.Let me conclude by saying that Sino-American relations are the best they have ever been. We have beenable to collaborate on important political and security matters that are vital to the well-being of our peoples.Our economic interests are closely linked as well. China and the US both seek economic growth and stability.Although we may choose to pursue our interests through different policies, we strive to liberalize our marketsand provide businesses with transparent and predictable access for goods and services.The stability of our relations is much like the stability of a three-legged stool. The legs consist ofstrategic, political, and economic relations. If anyone of the legs is either missing or weak, the stool isunstable and is in danger of collapsing. It is our responsibility to maintain the strength of these legs.That's the end of Part 1. Now we move on to Part 2.Part 2 Consecutive Interpretation: Chinese to EnglishIn this part you will hear a speech delivered in Chinese by a Chinese official at the 2005 Fortune GlobalForum. Please interpret this speech into English.Let's begin.尊敬的来宾，女士们，先生们：早上好! 我很高兴来参加《财富》全球论坛，也很荣幸在此与大家交流一下我的看法。
翻译员专业知识考试卷(口译员)含答案
翻译员专业知识考试卷(口译员)含答案第一部分：选择题1. 口译要求译员具备的基本质素包括（）。
A. 语言能力、情感控制能力、外貌印象B. 语言能力、专业知识、情感控制能力C. 语言能力、外貌印象、行为举止D. 语言能力、专业知识、外貌印象答案：B2. 口译员在进行口译时应注意以下哪一点？A. 尽量使用生硬的翻译词汇，保证准确性B. 不需要熟悉原文内容，只需按字面翻译即可C. 注意语速和语调，使译文更加自然流畅D. 不需要与听众建立互动，只需完成翻译任务答案：C3. 在参加国际会议口译时，译员应具备哪些基本素质？A. 快速反应能力、准确的记忆能力、思维的灵活性B. 快速反应能力、丰富的词汇量、准确的语法运用C. 准确的记忆能力、丰富的词汇量、清晰的发音D. 快速反应能力、准确的语法运用、情感控制能力答案：A第二部分：简答题1. 请简要解释同传和交替传译的区别。
答：同传是指译员与演讲者同时进行翻译，需要实时传达演讲内容，通常使用耳机和麦克风进行。
交替传译则是在演讲者停顿后进行翻译，可以以小段落进行翻译或以完整句子进行翻译。
2. 口译员在准备口译任务前应该做哪些准备工作？答：口译员在准备口译任务前应该做以下准备工作：- 了解演讲的背景和主题- 熟悉相关专业术语和词汇- 阅读相关资料，了解相关领域知识- 练口语表达和听力技巧3. 请列举三种常用的口译技巧。
答：- 意译：根据听众的语言和文化惯进行适当的翻译，使译文更易理解。
- 合并信息：将较长的句子或段落中的信息迅速概括，以保证翻译的流畅性。
- 表达转换：根据不同语言的表达惯，将词语或句子进行转换，使翻译更自然。
第三部分：应用题请以你最擅长的领域为例，简要描述你是如何进行口译准备的。
答：在我最擅长的领域，即法律口译方面，我会进行以下口译准备工作：- 阅读相关法律文书、法律出版物以及最新的法律案例，以保持对法律术语和概念的了解。
- 关注国际法律事务和热门法律话题，以了解最新的法律发展和变化。
英语翻译基础历年真题试卷汇编32(题后含答案及解析)
英语翻译基础历年真题试卷汇编32(题后含答案及解析) 题型有：1. 词语翻译词语翻译英译汉1．IAEA正确答案：国际原子能机构(International Atomic Energy Agency)2．UNICEF正确答案：联合国儿童基金会(United Nations International Children’s Emergency Fund)3．Iron-deficiency anemia正确答案：缺铁性贫血4．sandwich generation正确答案：三明治一代(既扶养子女又照顾父母的人)5．hydrocarbon compounds正确答案：碳氢化合物6．eutrophication正确答案：富营养化7．wind turbine正确答案：风力发动机8．temperate ecosystems正确答案：温带生态系统9．depleted nuclear fuel正确答案：贫化铀10．genome正确答案：基因组；染色体组11．nanotechnology正确答案：纳米技术12．marginal cost正确答案：边际成本13．discount market正确答案：贴现市场14．LDC正确答案：欠发达国家(less／least developed country)15．eye candy正确答案：花瓶角色；华而不实汉译英16．计划免疫正确答案：planned immunity; planned immunization17．学生减负正确答案：to reduce study load; to alleviate the burden on students 18．通识教育正确答案：liberal education; general education19．B超正确答案：B-mode ultrasonography; B-ultrasound20．自媒体正确答案：We-Media; Self-Media21．土地承载能力正确答案：land carrying capacity; land bearing capacity22．小产权房正确答案：limited property house; houses with limited property rights 23．土豪正确答案：Tu-hao; upstart; local tyrant24．胶原蛋白正确答案：collagen25．经济适用男正确答案：budget husband; economical and applicable man。
英语翻译资格考试初级口译模拟试题及答案
英语翻译资格考试初级口译模拟试题及答案对于考试而言，每天进步一点点，基础扎实一点点，今日我给大家带来了英语翻译资格考试初级口译模拟试题及答案,盼望能够关心到大家，下面我就和大家共享，来观赏一下吧。
英语翻译资格考试初级口译模拟试题及答案For university graduates， it is always not so easy to find a good job. They often wonder at the large number of employers who do not respond to their applications for jobs. They say that despite enclosing return envelopes they hear nothing at all， or at best， an impersonal note ① is sent declaring that the post for which they applied has been filled.Applicants often have the suspicion that vacancies are taken up by friends and relatives and that advertisements are only put out for show②。
Many of them are tired of writing around③ and feel that if only they could obtain an interview with the right person their application would meet with success.难点提示：①无人情味的，冷淡的②装样子③处处写信参考译文：对于大学毕业生来说，找到一份好工作始终不是件那么简单的事情。
初级英语翻译口、笔译资格证书考试一
初级英语翻译口、笔译资格证书考试（模拟试题）一第一部分综合笔试SECTION 1 ： LISTENING TEST （40 minutes）Part A ： Spot Dictation （ 20 points ）Directions： In this part of the test， you will hear a passage and read the same passage with blanks in it. Fillin each of the blanks with the word or words you have heard on the tape. Write your answer in the corresponding spacein your ANSWER BOOKLET. Remember you will hear the passage only once.Around the （1）______young people are spending （2）________ sums of money to listen to rock music. Forbes Magazine claims that at least （3） _______ rock stars have incomes of between （4）______ million and six million dollars （5）_______ year.“It doesn't make sense，” says Johnny Mathis， one of the （6）_____ music millionaires， who made a million dollars a year when he was most popular， in the 1950s.“Performers aren't （7）________ this kind of money. In fact， nobody is.”But the rock stars' （8） _______ seem to disagree. Those who love rock music spend about two billion dollars a year for （9）_______. They pay 150 million to see rock stars（10）________.Some observers think the （11）________ are buying more than music. According to one theory， to play （12）________ doesn't require much （13）_______. There is no gulf between the audience and the （14）________. Every boy and girl in the audience thinks，“I could sing like that.” Rock music has become a kind of religion. （15）____________ are glad to pay to worship a rock star because it is a （16）________ of worshipping themselves.（17）_______ is a key word for explaining the （18）_________ of many. In 1972 one of the （19）_________ was Don McLean， who wrote and sang “American Pie.” McLean earned more than a million dollars from recordings of “American Pie.” Then too， by writing his own music，McLean earns some （20） __________ money.Part B ： Listening Comprehension （ 30 points ）I . StatementsDirections ： In this part of the test， you will hear several short statements. These statements will be spoken only once， and you will not find them written on the paper； so you must listen carefully. When you hear a statement ， read the answer choices and decide which oneis closest in meaning to the statement you have heard. Then write the letter of the answer you have chosen in the corresponding space in your ANSWER BOOKLET. Now let's begin with question number one.1. （A） Mrs. Lang and Mr.Hudson are old.（B） Mr. Hudson doesn't know ng very well.（C） ng has been Mr. Hudson's friend for many years.（D） Mrs. Lang and Mr.Hudson have just become friends.2. （A） Ralph stayed in Rome for the summer（B） Ralph left Rome for the summer.（C） Ralph went to Rome for the summer.（D） Ralph arrived in Rome during the summer.3. （A） We had dinner before we went to the movies.（B） We had dinner during the movie.（C） We walked to the movies before dinner.（D） We took our dinner to the movies.4. （A） I'll send you a postcard of my hotel in Paris.（B） Send me to get the postcard from your Paris hotel.（C） Mail me a picture postcard of your Paris hotel.（D） Mail the card to me from your hotel in Paris.5. （A） Janie and her mother like liver and bacon.（B） Janie's mother always cooks bacon with liver.（C） Janie hates both liver and bacon.（D） If her mother doesn't fix bacon， Janie will not eat liver.6. （A） Martha spent two hours looking at TV.（B） Martha saw two watches on TV.（C） Martha liked the two-hour TV program.（D） Martha turned off the TV for two hours.7. （A） The city benefited from the rain.（B） The rain fell softly on much of the city.（C）The rain left too much water in much of the city. （D） Many neighborhoods didn't get any rain.8. （A） The baby cries when his diaper is changed. （B） The baby is unhappy when his diaper is soiled. （C） Don't change the diaper if the baby cries.（D） Changing the baby's diaper makes him cry.9. （A） The meeting opened at precisely 8 p.m.（B） 8 p.m. was too late to begin the meeting.（C） The meeting lasted until a little after 8 p.m.（D） The meeting was over at exactly 8 p.m.10. （A） Begin working if you arrive before I do.（B） Before you get here， be sure to finish the work.（C） Come as early as possible so we can do lots of work.（D） If you arrive early， we'll need more time to work.II . Talks and ConversationsDirections ： In this part of the test， you will hear several short talks and conversations. After each of these， you will hear a few questions. Listen carefully，because you will hear the talk or conversation and the questions only once. When you hear a question， read the four answer choices and choose the best answer to that question. Then write the letter of the answer you have chosen in the corresponding space in your ANSWER BOOKLET.Questions 11~1511. （A） She paid ￥40.00 for the coat.（B） Her husband presented it to her as a gift.（C） She bought the cost on her fortieth birthday.（D） He friend sent it to her as a birthday gift.12. （A） To keep his old car and get a new one.（B） To leave it in the garage to be repaired.（C） To sell his car for a new one.（D） To get his car repaired later.13. （A） Husband and wife.（B） Father and daughter.（C） Doctor and patient.（D） Teacher and student.14. （A） The man went to the concert， but the woman didn't.（B） The woman went to the concert， but the man didn't.（C） The speakers did not go to the concert.（D） Both speakers went to the concert.15. （A） An English textbook.（B） A chemistry book.（C） A Chinese textbook.（D） A history book.Questions 16~2016. （A） The woman goes to school during the day and works at night.（B） The woman has to work to support herself.（C） The woman's classes are not difficult.（D） The woman studies at night.17. （A） She feels that he won't accept anything.（B） She's sure he already has a pocket calculator.（C） She thinks he has almost everything he wants.（D） She's afraid her wants more than she can afford.18. （A） Tom survived the accident.（B） Tom was killed in the accident.（C） Someone saved Tom's life.（D） It did little damage to Tom's car.19. （A） The train is crowded.（B） The train is late.（C） The train is empty.（D） The train is on time.20. （A） No， all the rooms are taken.（B） Yes， there are some spare rooms.（C） Yes， there is a double room.（D） Yes， there is a single room.Questions 21~2321. （A） Her husband had got a higher position. （B） Her husband had lost his job.（C） She wanted to have a cleaner house.（D） She wanted to move to New York.22. （A） His telephone went out of order.（B） The buyers had to leave soon.（C） He began to work at 8 a.m.（D） He had made an appointment with her for 8 a.m.23. （A） They considered her lazy.（B） They saw something they had never seen.（C） They considered her foolish.（D） They saw something familiar to them. Questions 24~2624. （A） The silk T-shirt in white color.（B） The cotton T-shirt with a slogan or picture. （C） The nylon T-shirt worn on playground.（D） The wool T-shirt worn for work.25. （A） T-shirts feel soft and wash well.（B） T-shirts are smart ad comfortable.（C） T-shirts go well with trousers.（D） T-shirts are suitable for evening wear.26. （A） New technology is being employed.（B） Advertisements are being widely used.（C） New designs are being adopted.（D） More synthetic materials are being introduced. Questions 27~3027. （A） For protection against other animals. （B） For protection against other dogs.（C） Just for fun.（D） For the purpose of guarding the house.28. （A） Because they did not eat other animals. （B） Because they were useful for protection.（C） Because they were good hunters.（D） Because they always obeyed their masters.29. （A） For companionship.（B） For amusement.（C） For protection against robbery.（D） For hunting.30. （A） The city can be a lonely place.（B） Life in the west can be very dangerous. （C） People in the west are fond of animals. （D） The dog is a useful and friendly animal.。
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英国并不大，从北至南，由东到西，只有300英里的跨度。
但这样一个小国却有着令人惊奇的气候变化。
2. As a seas oned traveler, I prefer to travel by train. It’s much more fun traveling by train than by air, besides being much cheaper.作为一个有经验的旅行者，我更喜欢成火车旅行。
坐火车比坐飞机有趣多了，而且还便宜。
3. 随着人们生活水平的提高，人们的可支配收入和休闲时间也不断增加，旅游因此越来越受到国人的青睐。
With the improvement of people’s living standard and constantly increasing disposable income and leisure time, traveling has thus drawn more and more concern nationwide.命题发言：The Advantages and Disadvantages of Traveling Alone.4. Science, Technology and Progress（科技与进步）必备词汇：clone 克隆patent 专利floppy disk 软盘personal computer 个人计算机gene 基因physical sciences 自然科学green 无公害science and technology 科技information highway 信息高速公路social sciences 社会科学Internet 互联网software 软件laser 激光upgrade 提高, 加强, 改善operation system 操作系统Web site 网址高频句型：1. Thank you for giving me the opportunity to speak at this seminar on the topic of“E-commerce---leader of modern business”.能有机会在研讨会上以“电子商务---现代商务的领导者”为题进行发言，我谨向您表示感谢。
2. I’m glad to be here to talk to you about what we have achieved in nuclear waste management.我很高兴在这里和大家谈谈我们在处理核废料问题上所取得的成绩。
3. 中国在农业、工业和社会可持续发展等科技工作方面成效显著，在产业技术研究方面取得了一系列重大突破。
China has scored remarked achievements in agriculture, industry and sustainable social development and made a series of significant breakthroughs in industrial technology research. 1命题发言：1. How Would Mastering a Computer Benefit Us?2. The Advantages and Disadvantages of Automobile5. Sanitation and Health（卫生与健康）必备词汇：annual check-up 年度体检operation room 手术室blood test 验血OTC drug 非处方药物blood transfusion 输血out-patientdepartment门诊部clinic 诊所, 门诊部, 科室personal hygiene 个人卫生emergency room 急诊室pharmacy 药房general surgery 普通外科physical condition 身体状况healthinstitution保健机构physical therapy 理疗injection 注射public health 公共卫生in-patientdepartment住院部sanitary inspection 卫生检查observation ward 观察病房symptom 症状高频句型：1. The 20th century may have been the age of scientific advancement, but as the new millennium begins, in terms of world health the progress has been surprisingly slow.20世纪也许是科技进步的年代，但是随着新千年的开始，就世界范围内的健康来说，其进展是非常缓慢的。
2. WHO’s top ten killers list can almost be divided between infectious disease and non-communicable disease. Infectious diseases are common in low-income countries while the latter are prevalent in wealthy nations. WHO的十大杀手名单可一分为二，一半为传染性疾病，另一半为非传染性疾病。
传染性疾病在低收入国家很普遍，而后者流行于富有国家。
3. 中医是中国固有的医学，古已有之。
Chinese medicine is a form of medicine that has been in China since ancient times.4. 中西医结合是中国特有的医疗形式，西医学习中医是促进中西医结合的重要措施。
The mix of Chinese and Western medicine is a special way of treating illness in China, and Western medical practitioners studying Chinese medicine is an important step in the promotion of the combination of Western and Chinese medicine.命题发言：1. How to lead a healthy life?6. Trade and Investment （贸易与投资）必备词汇：capital-intensive 资本密集的infrastructureconstruction基础设施建设chain store 连锁商店preferential treatment 优惠待遇foodstuff 食品sales network 销售网络honor the contract 重合同technology-intensive 科技密集型的income tax 所得税wholesales 批发高频句型：1. 我方非常高兴能和你们在英国度过这样一段愉快而富有成果的时光。
We certainly, on our side, are delighted to have spent such a pleasant and fruitful time with you in England.2. 我愿意告诉大家，对诸位为此所作的努力，我们深表感谢。
I’d like you all to know that we are most appreciative of your efforts in making this possible.3. 我提议为东道主们的健康干杯！希望不久能够再见面。
d like to propose a toast to our hosts, to your very good health. And I hope we will meet again very soon.命题发言：How to Make a Sensible Investment?7. Mass Media （大众传媒）必备词汇：blog 博客security announcement 安全公告commercial 商业的sketch 素描mass media 大众传媒wall painting壁画news agency 通讯社Web page 网页news press 新闻发布会website 网站高频句型：1. 电子出版物能高速提供巨大的信息流，所以现代人对其十分满意。
Electronic publication provides such a huge flow of information at rapid speeds, much to the satisfaction of modern man.2. 因特网给图书馆带来了革命性的变化。
使用一台联网的个人电脑，你就可以浏览数据、书籍、杂志和目录。
Internet has brought revolutionary changes to libraries. One can browse data, books, magazines and catalogs by using PC connected to the network.命题发言：It’s Dangerous to Shop Bargains One Doesn’t Need.8. Humanity and Environment（人类与环境）必备词汇：acid rain酸雨global warming全球变暖air pollution空气污染greenhouse effect温室效应catastrophe大灾难habitat栖息地climate change气候变化monsoon季风drought干旱noise pollution噪音污染ecological environment生态环境ozone layer臭氧层emission排放pesticide杀虫剂endangered species濒危物种pollution污染environmental protection环境保护sewage disposal污水处理environmentalist环保主义者soil erosion水土流失fertilizer化肥species物种flood洪水water contamination水污染高频句型：1. As a developing country, China is confronted with the dual task of developing the economy and protecting the environment.作为一个发展中国家，中国正面临着发展经济和保护环境的双重任务。