北京故宫俄语导游词
北京景点俄语导游词
北京景点俄语导游词【篇一：北京俄语导游词】北京俄语导游词【篇二：北京故宫俄语导游词】【篇三：北京六大景点英文导游词】forbidden city (紫禁城)(in front of the meridian gate)ladies and gentlemen:i am pleased to serve as your guide today.this is the palace museum; also know as the purple forbidden city. it is the largest and most well reserved imperial residence in china today. under ming emperor yongle, construction began in 1406. it took 14years to build the forbidden city. the first ruler who actually lived here was ming emperor zhudi. for five centuries thereafter, it continued to be the residence of23 successive emperors until 1911 when qing emperor puyi was forced to abdicate the throne. in 1987, the united nations educational, scientific and cultural organization recognized the forbidden city was a world cultural legacy.it is believed that the palace museum, or zi jin cheng (purple forbidden city), got its name from astronomy folklore, the ancient astronomers divided the constellations into groups and centered them around the ziwei yuan (north star) . the constellation containing the north star was called the constellation of heavenly god and star itself was called the purple palace. because the emperor was supposedly the sonof the heavenly gods, his central and dominant position would be further highlighted the use of the word purple in the name of his residence. in folklore, the term ―an eastern purple cloud is drifting‖ became a metaphor for auspicious events after a purple cloud was seen drifting eastward immediately before the arrival of an ancient philosopher, laozi, to the hanghu pass. here, purple is associated with auspicious developments. the word jin (forbidden) is self-explanatory as the imperial palace was heavily guarded and off-explanatory as the imperial palace was heavily guarded and off-limits to ordinary people.the red and yellow used on the palace walls and roofs arealso symbolic. red represents happiness, good fortune and wealth. yellow is the color of the earth on the loess plateau, the original home of the chinese people. yellow became an imperial color during the tang dynasty, when only members of the royal family were allowed to wear it and use it in their architecture.the forbidden city is rectangular in shape. it is 960 meters long from north to south and 750 meter wide from east west. it has 9,900 rooms under a total roof area 150,000 square meters. a52-meter-wide-moat encircles a 9. 9-meter—high wall which encloses the complex. octagon —shaped turrets rest on the four corners of the wall. there are four entrances into the city: the meridian gate to the south, the shenwu gate (gate of military prowess) to the north, and the xihua gate (gate of military prowess) to the north, and the xihua gate (western flowery gate ) to the west, the donghua (eastern flowery gate)to the east.manpower and materials throughout the country were used to build the forbidden city. a total of 230,000 artisans and one million laborers were employed. marble was quarried from fangshan country mount pan in jixian county in hebei province. granite was quarried in quyangcounty in hebei province. paving blocks were fired in kilns in suzhou in southern china. bricks and scarlet pigmentation used on the palatial walls came from linqing in shandong province. timber was cut, processed and hauled from the northwestern and southern regions.the structure in front of us is the meridian gate. it is the main entrance to the forbidden city. it is also knows as wufenglou (five-phoenix tower). ming emperors held lavish banquets here on the 15th day of the first month of the chinese lunar year in honor of their counties. they also used this place for punishing officials by flogging them with sticks.qing emperors used this building to announce the beginning of the new year. qing emperor qianlong changed the original name of this announcement ceremony from ban li (announcement of calendar) to ban shou (announcement of new moon) to avoid coincidental association with another emperors name, hongli, which was considered a taboo at thattime. qing dynasty emperors also used this place to hold audience and for other important ceremonies. for example, when the imperial army returned victoriously from the battlefield, it was here that the emperor presided over the ceremony to accept prisoners of war.(after entering the meridian gate and standing in front of the five marble bridges on golden water river)now we are inside the forbidden city. before we start our tour, i would like to briefly introduce you to the architectural patterns before us. to complete this solemn, magnificent and palatial complex, a variety of buildings were arranged on a north-south axis, and 8-kilometer-long invisible line that has become an inseparable part of the city of beijing. the forbidden city covers roughly one –third of this central axis. most of the important buildings in the forbidden city were arranged along this line. the design and arrangement of the palaces reflect the solemn dignity of the royal court and rigidly –stratified feudal system.the forbidden city is divided into an outer and an inner count. we are now standing on the southernmost part of the outer count. in front of us lies the gate of supreme harmony. the gate is guarded by a pair of bronze lions, symbolizing imperial power and dignity. the lions were the most exquisite and biggest of its kind. the one on the east playing with a ball is a male, and ball is said to represent state unity. the other one is a female. underneath one of its fore claws is a cub that is considered to be a symbol of perpetual imperial succession. the winding brook before us is the golden water river. it functions both as decoration and fire control. the five bridges spanning the river represent the five virtues preached by confucius: benevolence, righteousness, rites, intelligence and fidelity. the river takes the shape of a bow and the north-south axis is its arrow. this was meant to show that the emperors ruled the country on behalf of god.(in front of the gate of supreme harmony)the forbidden city consists of an outer courtyard and an inner enclosure. the out count yard covers a vast space lying between the meridian gate and the gate of heavenly purity.the ―three big halls‖ of supreme harmony, complete harmony and preserving harmony constitute the center of this buildinggroup. flanking them in bilateral symmetry are two groups of palaces:wenhua (prominent scholars) and wuying (brave warriors). the three great halls are built on a spacious ―h‖-shaped, 8-meter-high, triple marble terrace, each level of the triple terrace is taller than the on below and all are encircled by marble balustrades carved with dragon and phoenix designs. there are three carved stone staircases linking the three architectures. the hall of supreme harmony is also the tallest and most exquisite ancient wooden-structured mansion in all of china. from the palace of heavenly purity northward is what is known as the inner court, which is also built in bilaterally symmetrical patterns. in the center are the palace of heavenly purity, the hall of union and peace and palace of earthly tranquility, a place where the emperors lived with their families and attended to state affairs. flanking these structures are palaces and halls in which concubines and princes lived. there are also three botanical gardens within the inner count, namely, the imperial garden, caning garden and quailing garden. an inner golden water river flows eastwardly within the inner court. the brook winds through three minor halls or palaces and leads out of the forbidden city. it is spanned by the white jade bridge. the river is lined with winding, marble –carved balustrades. most of the structures within the forbidden city have yellow glazed tile roofs.aside from giving prominence to the north-south axis, other architectural methods were applied to make every group of palatial structures unique in terms of terraces, roofs, mythical monsters perching on the roofs and colored, drawing patterns. with these, the grand contour and different hierarchic spectrum of the complex were strengthened. folklore has it that there are altogether 9,999 room-units in the forbidden city. since paradise only has 10,000 rooms, the son of heaven on earth cut the number by half a room. it is also rumoured that this half –room is located to the west of the wenyuange pavilion (imperial library) . as a matter of fact, although the forbidden city has more than 9,000 room-units, this half-room is nonexistent. the wenyuange pavilion is a library where ―si ku quan s hu‖- chinas first comprehensive anthology-was stored.(after walking past the gate of supreme harmony)ladies and gentlemen, the great hall we are approaching is the hall of supreme harmony, the biggest and tallest of its king in the forbidden city. this structure covers a total building space of 2,377 square meters, and is know for its upturned, multiple counterpart eaves. the hall of supreme harmony sits on atriple ―h‖-shaped marble terrace is 8 meters high and linked by staircases. the staircase on the ground floor has 21 steps while the middle and upper stairways each have 9.the construction of the hall of supreme harmony began in 1406. it burned down three times and was severely damaged once during a mutiny. the existing architecture was built during the qing dynasty. on the corners of the eaves a line of animal-nails were usually fastened to the tiles. these animal-nails were later replace with mythical animals to ward off evil spirits. there are altogether 9 such fasteners on top of this hall. the number nine was regarded by the ancients to be the largest numeral accessible to man and to which only the emperors were entitled.there was a total of 24 successive emperors during the ming and qing dynasties who were enthroned here. the ball was also used for ceremonies which marked other great occasions: the winter solstice, the chinese lunar new year, the emperors birthday, conferral of the title ofempress, the announcement of new laws and policies, and dispatches of generals to war. on such occasions, the emperor would hold audience for his court officials and receive their tributes.this area is called the hall of supreme harmony square, which covers a total of 30,000 square meters, without a single tree or plant growing here, this place inspires visitors to feel its solemnity and grandeur. in the middle of the square there is a carriageway that was reserved for the emperor. on both sides of the road the ground bricks were laid in a special way seven layers lengthwise and eight layers crosswise, making up fifteen layers in all. the purpose of this was to prevent anyone from tunneling his way into the palace. in the count yard there are iron vats for storing water to fight fires. in the whole complex there are altogether 308 water vats. in wintertime, charcoal was burned underneath the vats to keep the waterfrom freezing. why so vast a square? it was designed to impress people with the halls grandeur and vastness. imagine the following scene. under the clear blue sky, the yellow glazed tiles shimmered as the cloud-like layers of terrace, coupledwith the curling veil of burning incense, transformed the hall of supreme harmony into a fairyland. whenever major ceremonies were held, the glazed, crane-shaped candleholders inside the hall would be it, and incense and pine branches burnt in frontof the hall. when the emperor appeared, drums were beaten and musical instrument played. civilian officials and generals would kneel know in submission.the last qing emperor puyi assumed the throne in 1908, at the age of three, his father carried him to the throne. at the start of the coronation, the sudden drum-beating and loud music caught the young emperor unprepared. he was so scared that he kept crying and shouting, ―i dont want to stay here. i want to go home.‖ his father tried to soothe him, saying, ―itll all soon be finished. itll all soon be finished‖ the ministerspresent at the event considered this incident inauspicious. coincidentally, the qing dynasty collapsed three years laterand there with concluded china’s feudal system that had lasted for more than 2,000 years.(on the stone terrace of the hall of supreme harmony)this is a bronze incense burner. in it incense made of sandalwood would be burnt on important occasions. there are altogether 18 incense burners, representing all of the provinces under the rule of the sing monarchs. on either sideof the hall, 4 bronze water-filled vats were placed in case of fire. next to the terrace on either side, there is a bronze crane and tortoise, symbols of longevity. this copper-cast grain measure is called ―jialiang.‖ it served as the national standard dur ing the qing dynasty. it was meant to show that the imperial ruler were just and open to rectification. on the other side there is a stone sundial, an ancient timepiece. the jialiang and thesundial were probably meant to show what the emperor represented: that he was the only person who should possess the standards of both measure and time.in the very forefront of the hall of supreme harmony, there are 12 scarlet, round pillars supporting the roof. the hall is 63 meters from east to west and 37 meters from north to south. itis 35 meters in height. in front of this architecture, there stands a triple terrace with five staircases leading up to the main entrance. it has 40 gold doors and 16 gold-key windows with colored drawings on the pillars and beams. in the middle of the hall, a throne carved with 9 dragons sits ona 2-meter-high platform. behind the throne there is a golden screen and in front of it, there is an imperial desk. the flanks are decorated with elephants, luduan (a legendary beast), cranes, and incense barrels. the elephant carries a vase on its back that holds five cereals (i. e. rice, two kinds of millet, wheat and beans), which was considered a symbol of prosperity. as ancient legend has it that luduan can travel 18,000 li (9,000 kilometers ) in one day and knows all languages and dialects. only to a wise adjust monarch will this beast be a guardian.the hall of supreme harmony is also popularly known as jinluan dian (gold bell hall or the throne hall). the floor of the hall is laid with bricks that turn it into a smooth, fine surface as if water has been sprinkled on it. the so-called golden brick, in fact, has nothing to do with gold. reserved exclusively for the construction of the royal court, it was made in a secretive, and complex way, and, when struck, sounds like the clink of a gold bar. each brick was worth the market price of one dan (or one hectoliter) of rice.the hall is supported by a total of 72 thick pillars. of these, 6 are carved in dragon patterns and painted with gold and surround the throne. above the very center of this hall there is a zaojing, or covered ceiling, which is one of the specialities of chinas ancient architecture. in the middle of the ceiling is a design of a dragon playing with a ball inlaid with peals. this copper ball, hollow inside and covered with mercury, is known as the xuanyuan mirror and is thought to be made xuanyuan, a legendary monarch dating back to remote antiquity. the placing of the caisson above the throne is meant to suggest that all of chinas successive emperors are zuanyuans descendants and hereditary heirs. now you might have noticed that the xuanyuan mirror is not directly above the throne. why? it is rumored that yuan shikai, a self-acclaimed warlord-turned emperor moved the throne further back because he was afraid that the mirror might fall on him. in 1916 when yuan shikai became emperor, he removed the original throne with awestern-style, high-back chair. after the foundation of the peoples republic of china in 1949 the throne was found in a shabby furniture warehouse. it repaired and returned to the hall.(leading the tourist to the bronze vats either on the east or the west)the water vats in front of the palaces or house werecalled ―menhai,‖ or sea before the door by the an cient chinese. they believed that with a sea by the door, fire could not wreak havoc. the vats served both as a decoration and as a fire extinguisher. they were kept full of water all year round.re trucked away by the japanese to be made into bullets.(in front of the hall of complete harmony)。
北京故宫导游词(25篇)
北京故宫导游词（25篇）北京故宫导游词（通用25篇）北京故宫导游词篇1各位游客：大家好!我叫朱子奇，是大伙的导游，大伙可以叫我朱导。
今天，我们要观光世界遗产北京故宫。
在旅游前，请允许我提出几个进故宫应该注意的事项一、请不要抽烟。
二、请不要乱丢垃圾。
三、请不要随意离开队伍，以免掉队。
好，现在就开始游故宫吧!我先介绍一下故宫：故宫旧称紫禁城，始建于明永乐四年至十八年，也就是公元一四零六年到一四二零年。
是明清两代的皇宫，封建皇朝的统治中心。
紫禁城周长3400余米，城墙高10米，城墙下宽8。
6米，上宽6.66米。
现在我们来到了故宫后面的御花园里。
这里楼台亭阁，翠绿苍松，点缀着奇花异石，趣味盎然。
远远望去，一重重黄色的琉璃瓦，一道道深红色的围墙，加上汉白玉栏杆和梁柱装饰，令人感到故宫规模宏伟，气象万千。
好了，亲爱的游客朋友们，本次北京故宫之旅就圆满结束了。
我希望各位若干年之后还能来找我，我一定为大家再次讲解，朋友再见。
我微笑地向游客们告别。
北京故宫导游词篇2现在我先为大家作个简单介绍一下，故宫是世界上现存规模最大的古代皇家宫殿建筑群，故宫又叫紫禁城。
"紫"是天上君王居住宫殿的颜色，那么人间的帝王当然要与紫字沾边。
"禁"是指当时那里守卫森严，不要说是普通老百姓，即使是高官大员没有皇帝的召见也不能私自入城，否则就会引来杀身之祸，是皇家"禁"地，所以又称紫禁城，整座城池建成于公元1420年，位于天安门广场北侧。
整个院落分为二大部分，即"前朝"和"后寝"。
"前朝"是皇帝举行盛大典礼的地方，以太和殿、中和殿、保和殿及东西两侧的文华殿及武英殿为主。
"后寝"是皇帝及后妃、未成年的子嗣们居住的地方，主要以乾清宫、交泰殿、坤宁宫及东西六宫为主。
除此之外，故宫内还有很多其它各式各样、用途不一的大小宫殿。
最全北京故宫的导游词范文（三篇）
最全北京故宫的导游词范文绝大多数来北京的游人，尤其是初游者，都会把故宫当作必去之处。
故宫又称紫禁城，是明、清两代的皇宫，也是古老中国的标志和象征。
悠久的历史给这里留下大规模的珍贵建筑和无数文物，也成为今天游玩故宫的主要看点。
故宫是中国乃至世界上保存最完整，规模最大的木质结构古建筑群，被誉为世界五大宫之首(北京故宫、法国凡尔赛宫、英国白金汉宫、美国白宫和俄罗斯克里姆林宫)。
其建筑依据其布局与功用分为“外朝”与“内廷”两大部分。
以乾清门为界，乾清门以南为外朝，以北为内廷，两部分的建筑气氛迥然不同。
外朝也称为“前朝”，以太和殿、中和殿、保和殿三大殿为中心，是封建皇帝行使权力、举行盛典的地方。
尤其太和殿，即影视剧里常说的“金銮殿”，是整个皇宫的绝对中心，不可错过。
内廷以乾清宫、交泰殿、坤宁宫后三宫为中心，以及东西两侧的东六宫和西六宫，是封建帝王与后妃居住之所，也就是俗称的“三宫六院”。
故宫内珍藏有大量珍贵文物，据统计有上百万件，占全国文物总数的六分之一。
以文物的种类不同，分为多个展馆，综合性的历史艺术馆、绘画馆、陶瓷馆、青铜器馆、明清工艺美术馆、铭刻馆、玩具馆、文房四宝馆、玩物馆等展馆和清代宫廷典章文物展览等。
其中尤以位于宁寿宫区域的珍宝馆和位于奉先殿的钟表馆最为引人注目，钟表馆每天11点和14点有钟表演示，在此可以看到清王朝珍藏的各种造型奇特独具匠心的珍奇机械钟表，不可错过。
珍宝馆：位于宁寿宫区域，分养心殿(第一室)、乐寿堂(第二室)、颐和轩(第三室)三处，馆藏珍宝极其丰富，涵盖佛教用品、饰品、日用器具和赏玩珍品等，这些珍宝大都选用金、银、玉、翠、珍珠及各种宝石等名贵材质，并征调各地著名匠师设计制造。
竭尽巧思，不惜工本，其工艺代表了当时的最高水平。
其中高14厘米的红珊瑚狮子、长137厘米的东珠朝珠、17.5厘米高的金“奉天之宝”玺等，都是难得一见的珍品。
钟表馆：位于宫中奉先殿。
展出的钟表以英国产品居多，亦有法国、瑞士等其它西方国家的钟表。
北京故宫导游词2
故宫Ladies and Gentlemen:My name is xxx , welcome to the palace museum I am very pleased to be your guide. Before the visiting I’d like to remind you the museum is thefire-control area. Please don’t smoke .The palace museum also known as the Purple Forbidden City，it is the largest and most well reserved imperial residence in China. The construction of the palace started in 1406 in the Ming dynasty. It took 14years to complete. For five centuries, it continued to be the residence of 23 emperors till 1911. .At present, the palace is an elaborate museum that presents the Chinese traditional architecture and court treasures . In 1987, it was listed as apart of world cultural heritage by UNES CONow standing in front of us is the Meridian Gate which is the main entrance for the Former Imperial Palace. It is so named because the emperor considered himself the ‘Son of the Heaven’ and the Palace the center of the universe, hence the north-south axis as the Meridian line.Beyond the Meridian Gate we can see the Inner Golden Water River. Why did people dig a river channel here? It has two reasons: first, it functions as decoration for the imperial palace; second, it is used for the fire control. The river is spanned by five bridges, which symbolize the five virtues preached by Confucius: benevolence, righteousness, intelligence, and fidelity. The river takes the shape of a bow and the north-south axis is its arrow. This layout shows that the emperors ruled the country on behalf of Heaven.Now we have been in the outer court of the palace. At the north end of the courtyard ,one after another, stand the three main halls: the Hall of Supreme Harmony, the Hall of Central Harmony and the Hall of Preserving Harmony.Now let’s visit the Hall of Supreme Harmony first. The Hall of Supreme Harmony , rectangular in shape, 27 meter in height, 2300 square meters in area, is the largest and the most important hall in the palace complex. It is also China’s largest existing wooden structure palace. This hall used to be the throne hall for ceremonies, such as the Spring Festival, the emperors birthday and enthronement, and the dispatch of generals to battles. On such coactions, there would be an imperial guard of honor standing in front of the Hall and extending all the way to the Meridian Gate. Just imagine, what a grand sight it was.The hall of the Central Harmony is smaller and square with windows on all sides. Usually the emperor rehearsed for ceremonies here. Behind the Central Harmony Hall is the Hall of Preserving Harmony in which banquets and imperials examinations were held here。
北京故宫导游词范本（六篇）
北京故宫导游词范本尊敬的各位游客，大家好！欢迎大家来到北京故宫，也是我作为导游带领大家游览这座中国古代帝王宫殿的地方。
我是你们的导游，将会给大家带来精彩的游览体验。
现在，让我们开始我们的旅程吧！北京故宫，位于中国北京市中心，是明清两代的皇宫，也是中国古代王朝的政治中心和文化代表。
故宫建于明代永乐年间，历经朱棣、成祖、仁宗、宣宗、景泰、宣德等几位明代皇帝的修缮扩建，成为世界上现存最大、保存最完整的古代宫殿建筑群之一。
故宫的整体布局呈现出严谨有序的特点，分为两个大部分，即内廷和外廷。
内廷是皇帝和皇后以及皇后母亲的居住区，外廷是官员办公的地方。
现在，我们将从午门进入内廷，开始我们的参观之旅。
首先，我们来到午门。
午门是故宫的正门，也是宫殿的主要入口。
午门上方悬挂着“敬事戒怠”四个大字，提醒每一个进入故宫的人要恪尽职守，尊重历史和文化。
进入午门后，我们来到了太和殿广场。
太和殿是故宫的核心建筑，是皇帝举行重要礼仪和仪式的地方。
太和殿呈现出典型的中国古代建筑风格，高大宏伟，金碧辉煌。
殿内有悬挂着“明正天子”和“万寿无疆”字样的金匾，象征着皇帝的威严和寿命长久。
在太和殿的前面，有一对大型的青铜鹿，是古代皇帝的象征。
从太和殿向北延伸，我们来到了中轴线的中心，即三大殿。
三大殿是故宫最重要的建筑群，包括乾清宫、交泰殿和坤宁宫。
这里是皇帝居住、处理政务和享受生活的地方。
这些殿宇依次开启，构成了一条轴线，象征着故宫的主宰地位。
乾清宫是皇帝的寝宫，是皇帝们休息和居住的地方。
宫内陈设着各种奢华的家具和装饰品，展示了古代皇帝的尊贵和富裕。
交泰殿是皇帝处理政务的地方，是举行重要朝会和会议的地方。
这里的宝座上方悬挂着一副对联，写着“容身之所，修明之殿”；左右两侧的屏风上有“志宇舜皇，智纳三辰”等字样，展示了古代政治的庄严和威严。
坤宁宫是皇后的寝宫，是皇后们居住和休息的地方。
这里的陈设和装饰也非常豪华，展示了古代皇后的地位和荣耀。
继续向北延伸，我们来到了宝庆殿。
北京俄语导游ДОСТОПРИМЕЧАТЕЛЬНОСТИ
冬宫Зимний дворец圣彼得保罗大教堂Петропавловский собор (официальное название —собор во имяпервоверховных апостолов Петра и Павла)彼得宫Петродворец彼得大帝夏宫Летний дворец Петра I艾尔米塔什博物馆Государственный Эрмитаж в Санкт-Петербурге斯莫尔尼宫Дворец Смольный彼得保罗要塞Петропавловская Крепость“阿芙乐尔”巡洋舰Крейсер "Аврора"海军部大厦Здание Главного штаба (Санкт-Петербург)十二月党人广场Площадь декабристов伊萨基耶夫斯基大教堂Исаакиевский собор喀山大教堂Казанский собор普希金城Город Пушкин叶卡捷琳娜宫Дворец Екатерины彼得大帝青铜骑士塑像Медный всадник Петра I红场Краснаяплощадь萨哥斯基古城загорск (现名Сергиев Посад,1919年前—Сергиевский посад, Сергиев посад, 1919年—1930年—Сергиев,1930年—1991年—Загорск, 自1991年起—Сергиев Посад）新少女修道院Новодевичий монастырь契诃夫故居博物馆Дом-музей А. П. Чехова圣母玛利亚圣诞女修道院Богородице-Рождественский ставропигиальный женскиймонастырь克里姆林宫武器库Арсенал (Цейхгауз) Московского Кремля高尔基故居博物馆Музей-квартира Максима Горького莫斯科河Москва-река莫斯科国家历史博物馆Московский государственный исторический музей莫斯科大学Московский Государственный университет克里姆林宫Кремль列宁墓Мавзолей Владимира Ленина普希金博物馆Государственный музей Александра Пушкина普希金广场Площадь Пушкина莫斯科地铁Метро Москвы莫斯科大剧院Большой театр托尔斯泰庄园博物馆Музей-усадьба Л. Н. Толстого "Ясная Поляна"钟王Царь Колокол伊凡大帝钟楼Часовня Ивана Грозного亚历山大花园Александровский сад新圣女公墓Новодевичье кладбище无名烈士墓Могила неизвестного солдата - Вечный огонь卫国战争纪念馆Центральный музей Великой Отечественной войны瓦西里大教堂Собор Василия Блаженного斯巴斯克塔楼Спаска башня圣母升天大教堂Успенский собор--собор во имя Успения Пресвятой Богородицы胜利广场Площадь победы前苏联国民经济成就展览中心центр ВДНХ бывшего СоветскогоСоюза(Всероссийского выставочного центра , ВВЦ)炮王Царь Пушка哥尔克列宁故居Дом-музей В. И. Ленина в Горках列宁山观景台Смотровая площадка Ленинских гор (现名Смотровая площадкя Воробьёвых гор)老阿尔巴特街Старая улица Арбат莫斯科凯旋门Триумфальная арка救世主大教堂Храм Христа Спасителя古姆国立百货商场государственный универмаг (ГУМ)彼得一世纪念碑Памятник Петру Первом。
2018-北京故宫俄语导游词-精选word文档 (4页)
本文部分内容来自网络整理，本司不为其真实性负责，如有异议或侵权请及时联系，本司将立即删除！== 本文为word格式，下载后可方便编辑和修改！ ==北京故宫俄语导游词北京故宫俄语导游词怎么写？许多人并不是很清楚了解，以下是小编整理的相关范文，欢迎阅读。
北京故宫俄语导游词一ПереднамипарадныеворотаУмэнь.Когдастроилитакиеархитектурныеансамбли, древниекитайскиеархитекторысосредоточивалиособоевниманиенасимме-трии. Вэтомдворцевсегочетвероворот：южныеворотаУмэнь(午门), северные–Шеньумэнь(神武门),восточные - Дунхуамэнь (东华门), западные——Сихуамэнь (西华门).ПосмотритенаверхнюючастьворотУмэнь, прямопереднаминааркахбашня. Пообеимеесторонамнауголкахстоятчетыревысокиебеседки. Этипятьпостроекнапоминаютпятьптиц,готовыхвот-вотвзлететь. Поэтомуворотаполучилиобразноеназвание"Башняпятифениксов" (五凤楼). Вовремяминскойицинскойдинастийкаждыйраз, когдавойскаотправлялисьввоенныепоходыиликогдаонивозвращалисьизпоходовспленными, императорвсегдасамвыезжализдворцанабашнюУмэнь,провожалиливстречалих.Набашнебыликолоколаибарабаны.Раньше, когдаустраивалисьторжественныецеремонии, тослышалисьзвонколоколовибойбарабанов. ЕслиимператорвыезжализдворцавхрамНеба (天坛) иливхрамЗемли (地坛) помолиться, тозвониливколокола. ЕслионвыезжалвхрамПредков (太庙), сегодняшнийДворецкультурытрудящихся, тобиливбарабаны.北京故宫俄语导游词二МузейГугун, какизвестно, ——этобывшийимператорскийдворец. Здесьнапротяжении 500 слишнимлетжили 24императораминскойицинскойдинастий, средикоторых 14 минскихи 10цинскихимператоров.ГугунназывалиещёЦзыцзиньчэн (紫禁城) (Пурпурныйзапретныйгородок). Почемуимператорскийдворецноситтакоеназвание? Деловтом, что, попреданию, небесныйбогживётвпурпурномдворце. Император, которыйСчитаетсебя"сыномнеба", следуяпримерунебожителей, естественно, долженжитьвпурпурномдворце. Аназвание"запретныйдворец" возниклопотому,чтосюдазапрещалосьприближатьсяпростомународу. РаньшезасамовольноепроникновениенатерриториюЗапретногогородагрозиласмертнаяказнь.СтроительствоГугунаначалосьещёприминскойдинастии, в 1406 году.Строилсяон 14 лет. Строительстводворцабылозаконченов 1420 году. В 1421годусюдапереехализНанкинатретий(нопервый, ктожилводворцеГугуне)минскийимператорЧжуДи (朱棣). ВтечениеПочти 500 летэтотдворецсчиталсяцентромимператорскогоправления. Воктябре 1911 годаподруководствомСуньЯтсена (孙中山) быласвергнутапоследняявисторииКитаядинастияЦин. ПоследнемуимператоруПуи (溥仪) ссемьейбылоразрешенопрожитьеще 13 летвовнутреннейчастидворца. В 1924 годуПуибылизгнаниздворца. Черезгод, т. е. в 1925 году,императорскийдворецсталмузеемисталместомэкскурсиидлявсехпосетителей.ГугуннаходитсявцентреПекина.Дворцовыйансамбльегопротянулсясвостоканазападна 750 метров, сюганасеверна 960 метров. Общаяплощадь—— 720 тысячквадратныхметров. Говорят, внём 9999 споловинойпомещений. ВКитае 9 ——числомагическое, символимператорскойвласти. Согласнолегенде, Небесныйбогжилводворце,насчитывающем 10 тысячпокоев. Такчтоегонаместникназемле, сыннеба,позволилсебечутьменьше. Емунивкоемслучаенельзяпревышатьцифру10000.ДворецГугунобнесёнкрепостнойстенойвысотой 10 метровирвомшириной 52 метра. Начетырехуглахстеныпомещаетсячетыреугловыебашнидляохраныимператорскогодворца. ПоэтомуГугунещёназывается"городкомвгороде".МузейГугунявляетсясамымбольшимархитектурно-художественныммузеемКитая. Веськомплексдворцасостоитиздвухглавныхчастей：Внешнегодвора (外朝) иВнутреннихпокоев (内廷).Внешнийдворвключаетвсебятрибольшихцентральныхпавильонаидвабоковыхпавильона. Здесьимператорыустраивалиторжественныецеремонии, занималисьгосударственнымиделами. Внутренниепокоивключаютвсебятриглавныхпавильонанацентральнойоси, пообеимсторонамкоторойшестьвосточныхишестьзападныхдворцов. ВоВнутреннейчастидворцаимператорызанималисьповседневнымиделами, здесьжилиивеселилисьихналожницыидети. СооружениявГугунедеревянныеикирпичные. Хотядворецсуществуетужеболее 500 летиегонесколькоразреконструировали, ноонсохранилсявосновномтакимже, какимбыл 500 летназад.Наверно, ваминтересноузнать,сколькожечеловекслужилоимператоруивсейегосемьевтакомогромномдворце? Позаписямвдревнихисточникахизвестно, приминскойдинастииводворцеслужило 9000придворныхслужаноки 10000 евнухов. Пооднимэтимданнымнетруднопредставитьсебероскошнуюиразвратнуюжизньвимператорскомдворце.以下文字仅用于测试排版效果, 请使用时删除！冬是清寒的。
故宫双语导游词_导游词
故宫双语导游词_导游词故宫双语导游词_导游词作为一无名无私奉献的导游，总归要编写导游词，导游词不是以一代百、千篇一律的，它必须是从实际出发，因人、因时而异，有针对性的。
那么导游词应该怎么写呢？下面是小编帮大家整理的故宫双语导游词_导游词，仅供参考，大家一起来看看吧。
故宫双语导游词_导游词1各位游客大家好啊!我姓金。
大家可以叫我导或金同学都没关系，我很荣幸能够带领大家去故宫旅游。
希望大家能够听我对故宫的解说。
我们现在要去故宫了。
故宫可是世界文化的遗产。
我们要注意的事项：不能带火种，不能带危险物品：如小刀，剪刀等危险物品。
不能有乱扔垃圾，乱涂乱画等不文明的事情。
现在展现在我们面前气势宏伟的古代人民的建筑——故宫，故宫又称紫禁城。
故宫的大门是南为午门也就是故宫的正门，北为神武门，东为东华门，西为西华门，这宫墙四门的角楼都是风格独特，造型绚丽的。
故宫的石墙上有龙的`雕刻，有双龙戏珠，龙腾虎跃，龙飞凤舞等美丽的图案。
全殿面阔11间，进深5间，外有廊柱，殿内外共立72根大柱。
殿高35米，殿内净空高达14米，宽63米，面积2377平方米，为全国最大的木结构大殿。
我再给大家介绍介绍其他的宫殿吧!现在大家来到的是保和殿。
保和殿是皇帝宴请外藩王公，贵族和京中文武大臣之处。
你们知道乾清宫吗?不知道也没关系，现在我告诉大家乾清宫是明清皇帝居住和处理政务的地方。
你们看过"还珠格格"这部电视剧吗?它就是在故宫拍的。
规划严整，气魄宏伟，壮观美丽，这就是我国的故宫。
现在大家可以自由参观了。
故宫双语导游词_导游词2Lying at the center of Beijing，the Forbidden City，called Gu Gong，in Chinese，was the imperial palace during the Ming andQing dynasties. Now known as the Palace Museum，it is to the north of Tian an men Square. Rectangular in shape，it is the world‘s largest palace complex and covers 74 he ctares. Surrounded by a six meter deep moat and a ten meter high wall are 9，999 buildings. The wall has a gate on each side. Opposite the Tian an men Gate，to the north is the Gate of Devine Might (Shenwumen)，which faces Jingshan Park. The distance between these two gates is 960 meters，while the distance between the gates in the east and west walls is 750 meters. There are unique and delicately structured towers on each of the four corners of the curtain wall. These afford views over both the palace and the city outside. The Forbidden City is divided into two parts. The southern section，or the Outer Court was where the emperor exercised his supreme power over the nation. The northern section，or the Inner Court was where he lived with his royal family. Until 1924 when the last emperor of China was driven from the Inner Court，fourteen emperors of the Ming dynasty and ten emperors of the Qing dynasty had reigned here. Having been the imperial palace for some five centuries，it houses numerous rare treasures and curiosities. Listed by UNESCO as a World Cultural Heritage Site in 1987，the Palace Museum is now one of the most popular tourist attractions world wide.Construction of the palace complex began in 1407，the 5th year of the Yongle reign of the third emperor of the Ming dynasty. It was completed fourteen years later in 1420. It was said that a million workers including one hundred thousand artisans were driven into the long-term hard labor. Stone needed was quarried from Fangshan，a suburb of Beijing. It was said a well was dug every fifty meters along the road in order to pour water onto the road in winter to slide huge stones on ice into the city. Hugeamounts of timber and other materials were freighted from faraway provinces. Ancient Chinese people displayed their very considerable skills in building the Forbidden City. Take the grand red city wall for example. It has an 8.6 meters wide base reducing to 6.66 meters wide at the top. The angular shape of the wall totally frustrates attempts to climb it. The bricks were made from white lime and glutinous rice while the cement is made from glutinous rice and egg whites. These incredible materials make the wall extraordinarily strong.Since yellow is the symbol of the royal family，it is the dominant color in the Forbidden City. Roofs are built with yellow glazed tiles; decorations in the palace are painted yellow; even the bricks on the ground are made yellow by a special process. However，there is one exception. Wenyuange，the royal library，has a black roof. The reason is that it was believed black represented water then and could extinguish fire.Nowadays，the Forbidden City，or the Palace Museum is open to tourists from home and abroad. Splendid painted decoration on these royal architectural wonders，the grand and deluxe halls，with their surprisingly magnificent treasures will certainly satisfy "modern civilians".。