小鼠解剖

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小鼠解剖图完整版

小鼠解剖图完整版

图Ⅸ-1 整体骨骼侧面观The skeleton. Lateral view图Ⅸ-2 整体骨骼背面观The skeleton. Dorsal view1 背肋dorsal rib2 胸椎thoracic vertebra3 颈椎cerical vertebra4 顶间骨interparietal bone5 顶骨parietal bone6 额骨frontal bone7 鼻骨nasal bone8 锁骨clavicle 9 肩胛骨scapula 10 肱骨hemerus 11 髌骨patella 12 腰椎lumbar vertebra 13 荐椎sacral vertebra 14 尾椎caudal vertebra 15 坐骨ischium 16 髂骨ilium 17 股骨femur 18 腓骨fibula 19 胫骨tibia 20 跖骨metatarsal bone 21 趾骨digital bone 22 胸肋sternal rib 23 头骨skull 24 指骨digital bone 25 桡骨radius图Ⅸ-3 背柱背面The vertebral column. Dorsal aspect1 枢椎axis2 胸椎thoracic vertebra3 第II 胸椎I Ith thoraac vertebra4 第1 腰椎I st lumbar vertebra5 第6 腰椎6th lumbar vertebra 6 耻骨pubis7 闭孔obturator foramen8 寰椎atlas9 第7 颈椎seventh cervical vertebra 10 胸肋sternal rib 1l 背肋dorsal rib 12 第4 腰椎4th lumbar 13 髂骨ilium 14 荐椎sacral vertebra 15 坐骨ischimn 16 尾椎caudal vertebra图Ⅸ-4 胸廓背面The thorax.Dorsal aspect17 指骨digital bone 18 掌骨metacarp at bone 19 腕骨carpal bone 20 桡骨radius 21 尺骨ulna 22 三角突起deltoid process 23 鼻骨nasal bone 24 额骨frontal bone 25 顶骨parietal bone 26 顶间骨interparietal bone 27 肱骨hemerus 28 肩胛骨scapula图Ⅸ-5 前肢骨内侧面The bone of 图Ⅸ-6 后肢骨外侧面The bone of anterior Iimb.Medial aspect posterior teral aspect29 肱骨头head of humerus 30 肘突elbow process31 肩胛冈spine of scapula 32 肩带pectoral girdle33 大转子greater trochanter 34 股骨femur35 胫侧髁tibiale condyle 36 髌骨patella37 胫骨tibia 38 跖骨metatarsal bone39 股骨头head of femur 40 腓骨fibula41 跟骨calcaneus 42 跗骨tarsal bone43 趾骨digital bone1 二腹肌前腹anterior belly of digastric muscle2 肱二头肌biceps brachii muscle3 腹直肌rectus abdominis muscle4 股动脉femoral artery5 咬肌masseter muscle6 颌下腺submandibular gland7 胸浅肌prectoral superficialis muscle8 前锯肌serratus anterior muscle9 剑突xiphoid process 10 腹外斜肌external oblique muscle of abdomen 11 阴茎penis 12 阴囊scrotum13 耳提肌levator auricularis muscle 14 颈阔肌platysma 15 肩三角肌shoulder-deltoid muscle 16 背阔肌latissimus dorsi muscle 17 股直肌rectus femoris muscle 18 锁骨提肌levator claidalis muscle 19 背斜方肌trapezius dorsi muscle 20 臀浅肌gluteus superficialis muscle 21 半腱肌semitendinosus muscle图Ⅸ-9 口腔The oral cavity图Ⅸ-10 颈肌与胸肌The muscle of neck and pectoral muscle1 门齿incisor tooth2 硬腭hard palate3 软腭soft palate4 舌根root of tongue5 舌体body of tongue6 舌尖apex of tongue7 颞浅动脉superficial temporal artery8 二腹肌后腹posterior belly of digastric muscle9 胸乳突肌sternomastoideus muscle 10 肱二头肌biceps brachii muscle 11 胸浅肌pectoral superficialis muscle 12 二腹肌前腹anterior belly of digastric muscle 13 咬肌masseter muscle 14 胸骨舌骨肌stemohyoid muscle 15 肩三角肌shoulder-deltoid muscle 16 前锯肌serratus anterior muscle1 肺lung2 膈diaphragm3 肝中叶middle lobe of liver4 肝右叶right lobe of liver5 小肠small intestine6 股动、静脉femoral artery and vein7 胸乳突肌sternomastoideus muscle8 胸腺thymus9 心heart 10 肝左叶left lobe of liver I1 胃stomach 12 脾spleen 13 结肠colon 14 膀胱urinary bladder1 肺lung2 膈diaphragm3 肝中叶middle lobe of liver4 肝右叶right lobe of liver5 小肠small intestine6 股动、静脉femoral artery and vein7 胸乳突肌sternomastoideus muscle8 胸腺thymus9 心heart 10 肝左叶left lobe of liver I1 胃stomach 12 脾spleen 13 结肠colon 14 膀胱urinary bladder15 气管trachea 16 咬肌masseter muscle图Ⅸ-13 胸腔器官The organs in the thoracic cavity1 气管trachea2 胸乳突肌sternomastoideus muscle3 肱二头肌biceps brachii muscle4 肺lung5 膈diaphragm6 肝中叶middle lobe of liver7 肝右叶right lobe of Iiver8 二腹肌前腹anterior belly of digastric muscle9 咬肌masseter muscle 10 二腹肌后腹posterior belly of digastric muscle 11 胸腺thymus 12 心heart 13 肝左叶left lobe of liver 14 胃stomach1 气管trachea 4 肺lung 5 膈diaphragm 15 右心房right atrium 16 右心室right ventricle 17 喉larynx 18 左心房left atrium 19 左心室left ventricle 20 心尖cardiac apex图Ⅸ-16 心背面The heart. Dorsal aspect21 右锁骨下动脉right subclavian artery22 前腔静脉precaval vein 23 右心耳right auricle24 冠状沟coronary sulcus 25 颈总动脉common carotid artery26 左锁骨下动脉left subclavian artery 27 主动脉aorta28 肺动脉pulmonary artery29 左心耳left auricle30 左冠状动脉left coronary artery31 肺静脉pulmonary vein 32 心中静脉middle cardiac vein33 后腔静脉postcaval vein 34 冠状窦coronary sinus35 背面室间沟dorsal interventricular groove15 右心房right atrium16 右心室right ventricle18 左心房left atrium19 左心室left ventricle20 心尖cardiac apex1 胸骨舌骨肌stemohyoid muscle2 肱二头肌biceps brachii muscle3 膈diaphragm4 肝liver5 空肠jejunum6 股动、静脉femoral artery and vein7 阴囊scrotum8 咬肌masseter muscle9 胸乳突肌stemomastoideus muscle 10 胸浅肌pectoral superficialis muscle 11 剑突xiphoid process 12 胃stomach 13 脾spleen 14 结肠colon 15 坐骨神经sciatic nerve 16 阴茎penis4 肝liver5 空肠jejunum 7 阴囊scrotum 13 脾spleen 14 结肠colon 16 阴茎penis 17 膀胱urinary bladder 18 股直肌rectus femoris muscle 19 回肠ileum 20 后肠系膜动脉posterior mesenteric artery 21 股薄肌gracilis musele1 肋弓costal arch2 小肠small intestine3 肾kidney4 阴道vagina5 脂肪fat6 肝liver7 卵巢ovary8 子宫uterus9 直肠rectum 10 膀胱3 肾kidney 5 脂肪fat 6 肝liver 10 膀胱urinary bladder 11 后腔静脉postcaval vein 12 剑突xiphoid process 13 肾上腺adrenal gland 14 输尿管ureter图Ⅸ-21 肝、胃与脾The liver,stomach and spleen图Ⅸ-22 肝腹面The liver. Ventral aspect1 食管esophagus2 幽门pylorus3 肝liver4 胃底fundus of stomach5 胃体body of stomact6 脾spleen7 胰pancreas8 前腔静脉precaval vein9 肝右叶right lobe of liver 10 肝左叶left lobe of liver 11 肝中叶middle lobe of liver图Ⅸ-23 肝背面The liver. Dorsal aspect8 前腔静脉precaval vein 9 肝右叶right lobe of liver 10 肝左叶left lobe of liver 11 肝中叶middle lobe of liver 12 肝尾叶caudate lobe of liver图Ⅸ-24 胃The stomach图Ⅸ-25 胃壁内面The wall of stomach. Inner surface1 食管esophagus2 胃小弯lesser curvature of stomach3 幽门pylorus4 十二指肠duodenum5 胃底fundus of stomach6 贲门cardia7 胃大弯greater curvature of stomach 9 皮区cutaneous region8 胃体body of stomach图Ⅸ-26 泌尿、生殖器官(♂)The urinary and genital organs(♂)10 肾静脉renal vein 11 后腔静脉postcaval vein 12 股直肌rectus femoris muscle 13 内收肌adductor medial muscle 14 阴囊scrotum 15 肾上腺adrenal gland 16 肾kidney 17 输尿管ureter 18 精囊seminal vesicle 19 脂肪fat 20 膀胱urinary bladder 21 阴茎penis图Ⅸ-27 生殖器官(♂)The genital organs(♂)1 输尿管ureter2 精囊seminal vesicle3 前列腺prostate4 肾kidney5 膀胱urinary bladder6 精索spermatic cord7 阴茎8 阴囊scrotum图Ⅸ-28 泌尿、生殖器官(♀)The urinary and genital organs(♀)4 肾kidney5 膀胱urinary bladder 9 肾上腺adrenal gland 10 卵巢ovary l1 输卵管uterine tube 12 阴道vagina 13 剑突xiphoid process 14 肾静脉renal vein 15 后腔静脉postcaval vein 16 子官uterus图Ⅸ-29 生殖器官(♀)The genital organs(♀)1 肾静脉renal vein2 后腔静脉postcaval vein3 卵巢ovary4 输卵管uterine tube5 髂总静脉common iliac vein6 脂肪fat7 肾kidney8 子宫uterus9 阴道10 阴门vulva图Ⅸ-30 脑与脊髓背面(1)The brain and spinal cord. Dorsal aspect(1)11 大脑cerebrum 12 小脑绒球flocculus of cerebellum 13 颈膨大cervical enlargement 14 背斜方肌trapezius dorsi muscle 15 腰骶膨大lumbosacral enlargement 16 终丝filum terminate 17 嗅球olfactory bulb 18 小脑cerebellum 19 小脑蚓vermis 20 背阔肌latissimus dorsi muscle 21 腹外斜肌external oblique muscle of abdomen 22 脊髓圆锥conus medullaris图Ⅸ-31 脑与脊髓背面(2)The brain 图Ⅸ-32 脑与脊髓腹面The brain and and spinal cordDorsal aspect (2) spinal cord.Ventral aspect1 大脑炎cerebrum2 小脑蚓vermis3 腰骶膨大lumbosacral enlargement4 嗅球olfactory bulb5 小脑cerebellum6 小脑绒球flocculus of cerebcllurn7 颈膨大cervical enlargement8 脊髓圆锥conus medullaris9 终丝filum terminate 10 脊神经spinal nerve II 视神经optic nerve 12 延髓medulla oblongata图Ⅸ-33 后肢内侧面The posterior limb. Medial aspect13 腹直肌rectus abdoininis muscle 14 腹外斜肌external oblique muscle of abdomen 15 股直肌rectus femoris muscle 16 阴茎penis 17 阴囊scrotum 18 内收肌adductor medial muscle 19 坐骨神经sciatic nerve 20 趾深屈肌flexor digitorum profundus muscle 21 腓肠肌gastrocnemius muscle在野医人收集制作感谢丁香园提供生物交流平台!。

小鼠解剖实验注意事项

小鼠解剖实验注意事项

小鼠解剖实验注意事项
小鼠解剖实验是一种常见的实验方法,用于研究小鼠的生理和病理过程。

在进行小鼠解剖实验时,需要注意以下几个方面。

1. 实验前的准备
在进行小鼠解剖实验前,需要准备必要的实验器材和试剂,包括手术刀、剪刀、镊子、注射器、生理盐水、麻醉剂等。

此外,还需要准备好实验室的环境,保持实验室的清洁和卫生。

2. 麻醉和处死
在进行小鼠解剖实验时,需要先对小鼠进行麻醉,以减轻小鼠的痛苦和不适。

常用的麻醉剂包括异氟醚、七氟醚等。

在麻醉后,需要将小鼠处死,常用的方法包括颈椎脱位法、二氧化碳麻醉法等。

3. 解剖操作
在进行小鼠解剖实验时,需要进行精细的解剖操作。

首先,需要将小鼠置于解剖台上,用消毒剂清洗小鼠的皮肤,然后进行剖腹操作。

在剖腹时,需要注意不要损伤内脏器官,尤其是重要的血管和神经。

在解剖过程中,需要用镊子和剪刀将
内脏器官分离出来,以便进行后续的实验操作。

4. 实验后的处理
在进行小鼠解剖实验后,需要进行相应的实验处理。

首先,需要对解剖得到的组织样本进行固定、切片和染色等处理,以便进行组织学和病理学分析。

此外,还需要对实验过程中产生的废弃物进行妥善处理,以保证实验室的环境卫生和安全。

总之,小鼠解剖实验是一种常见的实验方法,需要进行精细的操作和妥善的处理。

在进行实验时,需要注意保持实验室的清洁和卫生,准备必要的实验器材和试剂,进行麻醉和处死操作,进行精细的解剖操作,以及进行实验后的处理。

小鼠解剖图完整版

小鼠解剖图完整版

图Ⅸ-1 整体骨骼侧面观The skeleton. Lateral view图Ⅸ-2 整体骨骼背面观The skeleton. Dorsal view1 背肋dorsal rib2 胸椎thoracic vertebra3 颈椎cerical vertebra4 顶间骨interparietal bone5 顶骨parietal bone6 额骨frontal bone7 鼻骨nasal bone8 锁骨clavicle 9 肩胛骨scapula 10 肱骨hemerus 11 髌骨patella 12 腰椎lumbar vertebra 13 荐椎sacral vertebra 14 尾椎caudal vertebra 15 坐骨ischium 16 髂骨ilium 17 股骨femur 18 腓骨fibula 19 胫骨tibia 20 跖骨metatarsal bone 21 趾骨digital bone 22 胸肋sternal rib 23 头骨skull 24 指骨digital bone 25 桡骨radius图Ⅸ-3 背柱背面The vertebral column. Dorsal aspect1 枢椎axis2 胸椎thoracic vertebra3 第II 胸椎I Ith thoraac vertebra4 第1 腰椎I st lumbar vertebra5 第6 腰椎6th lumbar vertebra 6 耻骨pubis7 闭孔obturator foramen8 寰椎atlas9 第7 颈椎seventh cervical vertebra 10 胸肋sternal rib 1l 背肋dorsal rib 12 第4 腰椎4th lumbar 13 髂骨ilium 14 荐椎sacral vertebra 15 坐骨ischimn 16 尾椎caudal vertebra图Ⅸ-4 胸廓背面The thorax.Dorsal aspect17 指骨digital bone 18 掌骨metacarp at bone 19 腕骨carpal bone 20 桡骨radius 21 尺骨ulna 22 三角突起deltoid process 23 鼻骨nasal bone 24 额骨frontal bone 25 顶骨parietal bone 26 顶间骨interparietal bone 27 肱骨hemerus 28 肩胛骨scapula图Ⅸ-5 前肢骨内侧面The bone of 图Ⅸ-6 后肢骨外侧面The bone of anterior Iimb.Medial aspect posterior teral aspect29 肱骨头 head of humerus 30 肘突 elbow process31 肩胛冈 spine of scapula 32 肩带 pectoral girdle33 大转子 greater trochanter 34 股骨 femur35 胫侧髁 tibiale condyle 36 髌骨 patella37 胫骨 tibia 38 跖骨 metatarsal bone39 股骨头 head of femur 40 腓骨 fibula41 跟骨 calcaneus 42 跗骨 tarsal bone43 趾骨 digital bone图Ⅸ-7 整体肌腹面观The muscles. Ventral view1 二腹肌前腹anterior belly of digastric muscle2 肱二头肌biceps brachii muscle3 腹直肌rectus abdominis muscle4 股动脉femoral artery5 咬肌masseter muscle6 颌下腺submandibular gland7 胸浅肌prectoral superficialis muscle8 前锯肌serratus anterior muscle9 剑突xiphoid process 10 腹外斜肌external oblique muscle of abdomen 11 阴茎penis 12 阴囊scrotum图Ⅸ-8 整体肌背面观The muscles.Dorsal view13 耳提肌levator auricularis muscle 14 颈阔肌platysma 15 肩三角肌shoulder-deltoid muscle 16 背阔肌latissimus dorsi muscle 17 股直肌rectus femoris muscle 18 锁骨提肌levator claidalis muscle 19 背斜方肌trapezius dorsi muscle 20 臀浅肌gluteus superficialis muscle 21 半腱肌semitendinosus muscle图Ⅸ-9 口腔The oral cavity图Ⅸ-10 颈肌与胸肌The muscle of neck and pectoral muscle1 门齿incisor tooth2 硬腭hard palate3 软腭soft palate4 舌根root of tongue5 舌体body of tongue6 舌尖apex of tongue7 颞浅动脉superficial temporal artery8 二腹肌后腹posterior belly of digastric muscle9 胸乳突肌sternomastoideus muscle 10 肱二头肌biceps brachii muscle 11 胸浅肌pectoral superficialis muscle 12 二腹肌前腹anterior belly of digastric muscle 13 咬肌masseter muscle 14 胸骨舌骨肌stemohyoid muscle 15 肩三角肌shoulder-deltoid muscle 16 前锯肌serratus anterior muscle图Ⅸ-11 胸、腹腔器官(1)The organs in the thoracic and abdominal cavities(1)1 肺lung2 膈diaphragm3 肝中叶middle lobe of liver4 肝右叶right lobe of liver5 小肠small intestine6 股动、静脉femoral artery and vein7 胸乳突肌sternomastoideus muscle8 胸腺thymus9 心heart 10 肝左叶left lobe of liver I1 胃stomach 12 脾spleen 13 结肠colon 14 膀胱urinary bladder图Ⅸ-12 胸、腹腔器官(2)The organs in the thoracic and abdominal cavities (2)1 肺lung2 膈diaphragm3 肝中叶middle lobe of liver4 肝右叶right lobe ofliver 5 小肠small intestine 6 股动、静脉femoral artery and vein 7 胸乳突肌sternomastoideus muscle 8 胸腺thymus 9 心heart 10 肝左叶left lobe of liver I1 胃stomach 12 脾spleen 13 结肠colon 14 膀胱urinary bladder15 气管trachea 16 咬肌masseter muscle图Ⅸ-13 胸腔器官The organs in the thoracic cavity1 气管trachea2 胸乳突肌sternomastoideus muscle3 肱二头肌biceps brachii muscle4 肺lung5 膈diaphragm6 肝中叶middle lobe of liver7 肝右叶right lobe of Iiver8 二腹肌前腹anterior belly of digastric muscle9 咬肌masseter muscle 10 二腹肌后腹posterior belly of digastric muscle 11 胸腺thymus 12 心heart 13 肝左叶left lobe of liver 14 胃stomach图Ⅸ-14 心腹面(1)The heart. Ventral aspect(1)1 气管trachea 4 肺lung 5 膈diaphragm 15 右心房right atrium 16 右心室right ventricle 17 喉larynx 18 左心房left atrium 19 左心室left ventricle 20 心尖cardiac apex图Ⅸ-15 心腹面(2)The heart. Ventral aspect (2)图Ⅸ-16 心背面The heart. Dorsal aspect21 右锁骨下动脉right subclavian artery22 前腔静脉precaval vein 23 右心耳right auricle24 冠状沟coronary sulcus 25 颈总动脉common carotid artery26 左锁骨下动脉left subclavian artery 27 主动脉aorta28 肺动脉pulmonary artery29 左心耳left auricle30 左冠状动脉left coronary artery31 肺静脉pulmonary vein 32 心中静脉middle cardiac vein33 后腔静脉postcaval vein 34 冠状窦coronary sinus35 背面室间沟dorsal interventricular groove15 右心房right atrium16 右心室right ventricle18 左心房left atrium19 左心室left ventricle20 心尖cardiac apex图Ⅸ-17 腹腔器官(1)The organs in the abdominal cavity(1)1 胸骨舌骨肌stemohyoid muscle2 肱二头肌biceps brachii muscle3 膈diaphragm4 肝liver5 空肠jejunum6 股动、静脉femoral artery and vein7 阴囊scrotum8 咬肌masseter muscle9 胸乳突肌stemomastoideus muscle 10 胸浅肌pectoral superficialis muscle 11 剑突xiphoid process 12 胃stomach 13 脾spleen 14 结肠colon 15 坐骨神经sciatic nerve 16 阴茎penis图Ⅸ-18 腹腔器官(2)The organs in the abdominal cavity (2)4 肝liver5 空肠jejunum 7 阴囊scrotum 13 脾spleen 14 结肠colon 16 阴茎penis 17 膀胱urinary bladder 18 股直肌rectus femoris muscle 19 回肠ileum 20 后肠系膜动脉posterior mesenteric artery 21 股薄肌gracilis musele图IX-19 腹腔器官(3)The organs in the abdominal cavity (3)1 肋弓costal arch2 小肠small intestine3 肾kidney4 阴道vagina5 脂肪fat6 肝liver7 卵巢ovary8 子宫uterus9 直肠rectum 10 膀胱图IX -20 腹腔器官(4)The organs in the abdominal cavity (4)3 肾kidney 5 脂肪fat 6 肝liver 10 膀胱urinary bladder 11 后腔静脉postcaval vein 12 剑突xiphoid process 13 肾上腺adrenal gland 14 输尿管ureter图Ⅸ-21 肝、胃与脾The liver,stomach and spleen图Ⅸ-22 肝腹面The liver. Ventral aspect1 食管esophagus2 幽门pylorus3 肝liver4 胃底fundus of stomach5 胃体body of stomact6 脾spleen7 胰pancreas8 前腔静脉precaval vein9 肝右叶right lobe of liver 10 肝左叶left lobe of liver 11 肝中叶middle lobe of liver图Ⅸ-23 肝背面The liver. Dorsal aspect8 前腔静脉precaval vein 9 肝右叶right lobe of liver 10 肝左叶left lobe of liver 11 肝中叶middle lobe of liver 12 肝尾叶caudate lobe of liver图Ⅸ-24 胃The stomach图Ⅸ-25 胃壁内面The wall of stomach. Inner surface1 食管esophagus2 胃小弯lesser curvature of stomach3 幽门pylorus4 十二指肠duodenum5 胃底fundus of stomach6 贲门cardia7 胃大弯greater curvature of stomach 9 皮区cutaneous region8 胃体body of stomach图Ⅸ-26 泌尿、生殖器官(♂)The urinary and genital organs(♂)10 肾静脉renal vein 11 后腔静脉postcaval vein 12 股直肌rectus femoris muscle 13 内收肌adductor medial muscle 14 阴囊scrotum 15 肾上腺adrenal gland 16 肾kidney 17 输尿管ureter 18 精囊seminal vesicle 19 脂肪fat 20 膀胱urinarybladder 21 阴茎penis图Ⅸ-27 生殖器官(♂)The genital organs(♂)1 输尿管ureter2 精囊seminal vesicle3 前列腺prostate4 肾kidney5 膀胱urinary bladder6 精索spermatic cord7 阴茎8 阴囊scrotum图Ⅸ-28 泌尿、生殖器官(♀)The urinary and genital organs(♀)4 肾kidney5 膀胱urinary bladder 9 肾上腺adrenal gland 10 卵巢ovary l1 输卵管uterine tube 12 阴道vagina 13 剑突xiphoid process 14 肾静脉renal vein 15 后腔静脉postcaval vein 16 子官uterus图Ⅸ-29 生殖器官(♀)The genital organs(♀)1 肾静脉renal vein2 后腔静脉postcaval vein3 卵巢ovary4 输卵管uterine tube5 髂总静脉common iliac vein6 脂肪fat7 肾kidney8 子宫uterus9 阴道10 阴门vulva图Ⅸ-30 脑与脊髓背面(1)The brain and spinal cord. Dorsal aspect(1)11 大脑cerebrum 12 小脑绒球flocculus of cerebellum 13 颈膨大cervical enlargement 14 背斜方肌trapezius dorsi muscle 15 腰骶膨大lumbosacral enlargement 16 终丝filum terminate 17 嗅球olfactory bulb 18 小脑cerebellum 19 小脑蚓vermis 20 背阔肌latissimus dorsi muscle 21 腹外斜肌external obliquemuscle of abdomen 22 脊髓圆锥conus medullaris图Ⅸ-31 脑与脊髓背面(2)The brain 图Ⅸ-32 脑与脊髓腹面The brain and and spinal cordDorsal aspect (2) spinal cord.Ventral aspect1 大脑炎cerebrum2 小脑蚓vermis3 腰骶膨大lumbosacral enlargement4 嗅球olfactory bulb5 小脑cerebellum6 小脑绒球flocculus of cerebcllurn7 颈膨大cervical enlargement8 脊髓圆锥conus medullaris9 终丝filum terminate 10 脊神经spinal nerve II 视神经optic nerve 12 延髓medulla oblongata图Ⅸ-33 后肢内侧面The posterior limb. Medial aspect13 腹直肌rectus abdoininis muscle 14 腹外斜肌external oblique muscle of abdomen 15 股直肌rectus femoris muscle 16 阴茎penis 17 阴囊scrotum 18 内收肌adductor medial muscle 19 坐骨神经sciatic nerve 20 趾深屈肌flexor digitorum profundus muscle 21 腓肠肌gastrocnemius muscle在野医人收集制作感谢丁香园提供生物交流平台!。

小鼠解剖图(完整版)

小鼠解剖图(完整版)

图Ⅸ-1 整体骨骼侧面观The skeleton. Lateral view图Ⅸ-2 整体骨骼背面观The skeleton. Dorsal view1 背肋dorsal rib2 胸椎thoracic vertebra3 颈椎cerical vertebra4 顶间骨interparietal bone5 顶骨parietal bone6 额骨frontal bone7 鼻骨nasal bone8 锁骨clavicle 9 肩胛骨scapula 10 肱骨hemerus 11 髌骨patella 12 腰椎lumbar vertebra 13 荐椎sacral vertebra 14 尾椎caudal vertebra 15 坐骨ischium 16 髂骨ilium 17 股骨femur 18 腓骨fibula 19 胫骨tibia 20 跖骨metatarsal bone 21 趾骨digital bone 22 胸肋sternal rib 23 头骨skull 24 指骨digital bone 25 桡骨radius图Ⅸ-3 背柱背面The vertebral column. Dorsal aspect1 枢椎axis2 胸椎thoracic vertebra3 第II 胸椎I Ith thoraac vertebra4 第1 腰椎I st lumbar vertebra5 第6 腰椎6th lumbar vertebra 6 耻骨pubis7 闭孔obturator foramen8 寰椎atlas9 第7 颈椎seventh cervical vertebra 10 胸肋sternal rib 1l 背肋dorsal rib 12 第4 腰椎4th lumbar 13 髂骨ilium 14 荐椎sacral vertebra 15 坐骨ischimn 16 尾椎caudal vertebra图Ⅸ-4 胸廓背面The thorax.Dorsal aspect17 指骨digital bone 18 掌骨metacarp at bone 19 腕骨carpal bone 20 桡骨radius 21 尺骨ulna 22 三角突起deltoid process 23 鼻骨nasal bone 24 额骨frontal bone 25 顶骨parietal bone 26 顶间骨interparietal bone 27 肱骨hemerus 28 肩胛骨scapula图Ⅸ-5 前肢骨内侧面The bone of 图Ⅸ-6 后肢骨外侧面The bone of anteriorIimb.Medial aspect posterior teral aspect29 肱骨头head of humerus 30 肘突elbow process31 肩胛冈spine of scapula 32 肩带pectoral girdle33 大转子greater trochanter 34 股骨femur35 胫侧髁tibiale condyle 36 髌骨patella37 胫骨tibia 38 跖骨metatarsal bone39 股骨头head of femur 40 腓骨fibula41 跟骨calcaneus 42 跗骨tarsal bone43 趾骨digital bone图Ⅸ-7 整体肌腹面观The muscles. Ventral view1 二腹肌前腹anterior belly of digastric muscle2 肱二头肌biceps brachii muscle3 腹直肌rectus abdominis muscle4 股动脉femoral artery5 咬肌masseter muscle6 颌下腺submandibular gland7 胸浅肌prectoral superficialis muscle8 前锯肌serratus anterior muscle9 剑突xiphoid process 10 腹外斜肌external oblique muscle of abdomen 11 阴茎penis 12 阴囊scrotum图Ⅸ-8 整体肌背面观The muscles.Dorsal view13 耳提肌levator auricularis muscle 14 颈阔肌platysma 15 肩三角肌shoulder-deltoid muscle 16 背阔肌latissimus dorsi muscle 17 股直肌rectus femoris muscle 18 锁骨提肌levator claidalis muscle 19 背斜方肌trapezius dorsi muscle 20 臀浅肌gluteus superficialis muscle 21 半腱肌semitendinosus muscle图Ⅸ-9 口腔The oral cavity图Ⅸ-10 颈肌与胸肌The muscle of neck and pectoral muscle1 门齿incisor tooth2 硬腭hard palate3 软腭soft palate4 舌根root of tongue5 舌体body of tongue6 舌尖apex of tongue7 颞浅动脉superficial temporal artery8 二腹肌后腹posterior belly of digastric muscle9 胸乳突肌sternomastoideus muscle 10 肱二头肌biceps brachii muscle 11 胸浅肌pectoral superficialis muscle 12 二腹肌前腹anterior belly of digastric muscle 13 咬肌masseter muscle 14 胸骨舌骨肌stemohyoid muscle 15 肩三角肌shoulder-deltoidmuscle 16 前锯肌serratus anterior muscle1 肺lung2 膈diaphragm3 肝中叶middle lobe of liver4 肝右叶right lobe of liver5 小肠small intestine6 股动、静脉femoral artery and vein7 胸乳突肌sternomastoideus muscle8 胸腺thymus9 心heart 10 肝左叶left lobe of liver I1 胃stomach 12 脾spleen 13 结肠colon 14 膀胱urinary bladder1 肺lung2 膈diaphragm3 肝中叶middle lobe of liver4 肝右叶right lobe of liver5 小肠small intestine6 股动、静脉femoral artery and vein7 胸乳突肌sternomastoideus muscle8 胸腺thymus9 心heart 10 肝左叶left lobe of liver I1 胃stomach 12 脾spleen 13 结肠colon 14 膀胱urinary bladder15 气管trachea 16 咬肌masseter muscle图Ⅸ-13 胸腔器官The organs in the thoracic cavity1 气管trachea2 胸乳突肌sternomastoideus muscle3 肱二头肌biceps brachii muscle4 肺lung5 膈diaphragm6 肝中叶middle lobe of liver7 肝右叶right lobe of Iiver8 二腹肌前腹anterior belly of digastric muscle9 咬肌masseter muscle 10 二腹肌后腹posterior belly of digastric muscle 11 胸腺thymus 12 心heart 13 肝左叶left lobe of liver 14 胃stomach1 气管trachea 4 肺lung 5 膈diaphragm 15 右心房right atrium 16 右心室right ventricle 17 喉larynx 18 左心房left atrium 19 左心室left ventricle 20 心尖cardiac apex图Ⅸ-16 心背面The heart. Dorsal aspect21 右锁骨下动脉right subclavian artery22 前腔静脉precaval vein 23 右心耳right auricle24 冠状沟coronary sulcus 25 颈总动脉common carotid artery26 左锁骨下动脉left subclavian artery 27 主动脉aorta28 肺动脉pulmonary artery29 左心耳left auricle30 左冠状动脉left coronary artery31 肺静脉pulmonary vein 32 心中静脉middle cardiac vein33 后腔静脉postcaval vein 34 冠状窦coronary sinus35 背面室间沟dorsal interventricular groove15 右心房right atrium16 右心室right ventricle18 左心房left atrium19 左心室left ventricle20 心尖cardiac apex图Ⅸ-17 腹腔器官(1)The organs in the abdominal cavity(1)1 胸骨舌骨肌stemohyoid muscle2 肱二头肌biceps brachii muscle3 膈diaphragm4 肝liver5 空肠jejunum6 股动、静脉femoral artery and vein7 阴囊scrotum8 咬肌masseter muscle9 胸乳突肌stemomastoideus muscle 10 胸浅肌pectoral superficialis muscle 11 剑突xiphoid process 12 胃stomach 13 脾spleen 14 结肠colon 15 坐骨神经sciatic nerve 16 阴茎penis图Ⅸ-18 腹腔器官(2)The organs in the abdominal cavity (2)4 肝liver5 空肠jejunum 7 阴囊scrotum 13 脾spleen 14 结肠colon 16 阴茎penis 17 膀胱urinary bladder 18 股直肌rectus femoris muscle 19 回肠ileum 20 后肠系膜动脉posterior mesenteric artery 21 股薄肌gracilis musele图IX-19 腹腔器官(3)The organs in the abdominal cavity (3)1 肋弓costal arch2 小肠small intestine3 肾kidney4 阴道vagina5 脂肪fat6 肝liver7 卵巢ovary8 子宫uterus9 直肠rectum 10 膀胱图IX -20 腹腔器官(4)The organs in the abdominal cavity (4)3 肾kidney 5 脂肪fat 6 肝liver 10 膀胱urinary bladder 11 后腔静脉postcaval vein 12 剑突xiphoid process 13 肾上腺adrenal gland 14 输尿管ureter图Ⅸ-21 肝、胃与脾The liver,stomach and spleen图Ⅸ-22 肝腹面The liver. Ventral aspect1 食管esophagus2 幽门pylorus3 肝liver4 胃底fundus of stomach5 胃体body of stomact6 脾spleen7 胰pancreas8 前腔静脉precaval vein9 肝右叶right lobe of liver 10 肝左叶left lobe of liver 11 肝中叶middle lobe of liver图Ⅸ-23 肝背面The liver. Dorsal aspect8 前腔静脉precaval vein 9 肝右叶right lobe of liver 10 肝左叶left lobe of liver 11 肝中叶middle lobe of liver 12 肝尾叶caudate lobe of liver图Ⅸ-24 胃The stomach图Ⅸ-25 胃壁内面The wall of stomach. Inner surface1 食管esophagus2 胃小弯lesser curvature of stomach3 幽门pylorus4 十二指肠duodenum5 胃底fundus of stomach6 贲门cardia7 胃大弯greater curvature of stomach 9 皮区cutaneous region8 胃体body of stomach图Ⅸ-26 泌尿、生殖器官(♂)The urinary and genital organs(♂)10 肾静脉renal vein 11 后腔静脉postcaval vein 12 股直肌rectus femoris muscle 13 内收肌adductor medial muscle 14 阴囊scrotum 15 肾上腺adrenal gland 16 肾kidney 17 输尿管ureter 18 精囊seminal vesicle 19 脂肪fat 20 膀胱urinary bladder 21 阴茎penis图Ⅸ-27 生殖器官(♂)The genital organs(♂)1 输尿管ureter2 精囊seminal vesicle3 前列腺prostate4 肾kidney5 膀胱urinary bladder6 精索spermatic cord7 阴茎8 阴囊scrotum图Ⅸ-28 泌尿、生殖器官(♀)The urinary and genital organs(♀)4 肾kidney5 膀胱urinary bladder 9 肾上腺adrenal gland 10 卵巢ovary l1 输卵管uterine tube 12 阴道vagina 13 剑突xiphoid process 14 肾静脉renal vein 15 后腔静脉postcaval vein 16 子官uterus图Ⅸ-29 生殖器官(♀)The genital organs(♀)1 肾静脉renal vein2 后腔静脉postcaval vein3 卵巢ovary4 输卵管uterine tube5 髂总静脉common iliac vein6 脂肪fat7 肾kidney8 子宫uterus9 阴道10 阴门vulva图Ⅸ-30 脑与脊髓背面(1)The brain and spinal cord. Dorsal aspect(1)11 大脑cerebrum 12 小脑绒球flocculus of cerebellum 13 颈膨大cervical enlargement 14 背斜方肌trapezius dorsi muscle 15 腰骶膨大lumbosacral enlargement 16 终丝filum terminate 17 嗅球olfactory bulb 18 小脑cerebellum 19 小脑蚓vermis 20 背阔肌latissimus dorsi muscle 21 腹外斜肌external oblique muscle of abdomen 22 脊髓圆锥conus medullaris图Ⅸ-31 脑与脊髓背面(2)The brain 图Ⅸ-32 脑与脊髓腹面The brain and and spinal cordDorsal aspect (2) spinal cord.Ventral aspect1 大脑炎 cerebrum2 小脑蚓 vermis3 腰骶膨大 lumbosacral enlargement4 嗅球 olfactory bulb5 小脑 cerebellum6 小脑绒球 flocculus of cerebcllurn7 颈膨大 cervical enlargement8 脊髓圆锥 conus medullaris9 终丝 filum terminate 10 脊神经 spinal nerve II 视神经 optic nerve 12 延髓 medulla oblongata图Ⅸ-33 后肢内侧面 The posterior limb. Medial aspect13 腹直肌rectus abdoininis muscle 14 腹外斜肌external oblique muscle of abdomen 15 股直肌rectus femoris muscle 16 阴茎penis 17 阴囊scrotum 18 内收肌adductor medial muscle 19 坐骨神经sciatic nerve 20 趾深屈肌flexor digitorum profundus muscle 21 腓肠肌gastrocnemius muscle在野医人收集制作感谢丁香园提供生物交流平台!。

小鼠解剖实验报告总结(3篇)

小鼠解剖实验报告总结(3篇)

第1篇一、实验目的本次实验旨在通过对小鼠进行解剖,了解小鼠的主要器官位置和结构,掌握解剖技巧,提高实验操作能力,为后续的生物学和医学研究打下基础。

二、实验材料与工具1. 实验动物:成年小鼠(体重约20-30g)2. 实验器材:解剖台、剪刀、镊子、解剖刀、解剖针、解剖剪、解剖显微镜、生理盐水、酒精、碘酒、棉球等三、实验步骤1. 实验动物准备:将小鼠置于解剖台上,用棉球蘸取适量的生理盐水湿润小鼠的皮肤,以便于解剖操作。

2. 解剖过程:(1)切开皮肤:用剪刀沿小鼠腹部正中线剪开皮肤,注意避免损伤内脏器官。

(2)暴露内脏:用镊子提起皮肤,显露内脏器官,包括心脏、肺、肝脏、胃、小肠、大肠、肾脏、膀胱、生殖器官等。

(3)解剖器官:用解剖刀和剪子依次解剖各个器官,观察其位置、形态和结构特点。

(4)记录数据:详细记录每个器官的位置、形态、大小等数据。

3. 实验结果分析:(1)心脏:心脏位于胸腔中央,呈红褐色,分为左右两个心房和两个心室,心脏壁由心肌组成。

(2)肺:肺位于胸腔两侧,呈粉红色,肺泡是肺的基本结构单位,肺泡壁与毛细血管壁紧密相连,有利于气体交换。

(3)肝脏:肝脏位于腹腔右上侧,呈红褐色,具有解毒、代谢和储存营养物质等功能。

(4)胃:胃位于腹腔左侧,呈粉红色,分为贲门、胃底、胃体和幽门,胃壁具有分泌胃酸和消化酶的功能。

(5)小肠:小肠位于腹腔中部,分为十二指肠、空肠和回肠,是消化吸收的主要场所。

(6)大肠:大肠位于腹腔右下方,分为盲肠、阑尾、结肠和直肠,主要吸收水分和电解质。

(7)肾脏:肾脏位于腹腔腰部,呈红褐色,具有过滤血液、生成尿液和调节体内水分和电解质平衡等功能。

(8)膀胱:膀胱位于腹腔底部,呈粉红色,是储存尿液的器官。

(9)生殖器官:雄性小鼠的生殖器官包括睾丸、附睾、阴茎等;雌性小鼠的生殖器官包括卵巢、输卵管、子宫和阴道等。

四、实验心得体会1. 解剖操作过程中,要熟练掌握解剖刀、剪子等工具的使用方法,注意操作规范,避免损伤内脏器官。

小鼠解剖图(完整版)

小鼠解剖图(完整版)

图Ⅸ-1 整体骨骼侧面观The skeleton、Lateral view图Ⅸ-2 整体骨骼背面观The skeleton、Dorsal view1 背肋dorsal rib2 胸椎thoracic vertebra3 颈椎cerical vertebra4 顶间骨interparietal bone5 顶骨parietal bone6 额骨frontal bone7 鼻骨nasal bone8 锁骨clavicle 9 肩胛骨scapula 10 肱骨hemerus 11 髌骨patella 12 腰椎lumbar vertebra 13 荐椎sacral vertebra 14 尾椎caudal vertebra 15 坐骨ischium 16 髂骨ilium 17 股骨femur 18 腓骨fibula 19 胫骨tibia 20 跖骨metatarsal bone 21 趾骨digital bone 22 胸肋sternal rib 23 头骨skull 24 指骨digital bone 25 桡骨radius图Ⅸ-3 背柱背面The vertebral column、Dorsal aspect1 枢椎axis2 胸椎thoracic vertebra3 第II 胸椎I Ith thoraac vertebra4 第1 腰椎I st lumbar vertebra5 第6 腰椎6th lumbar vertebra 6 耻骨pubis7 闭孔obturator foramen8 寰椎atlas9 第7 颈椎seventh cervical vertebra 10 胸肋sternal rib 1l 背肋dorsal rib 12 第4 腰椎4th lumbar 13 髂骨ilium 14 荐椎sacral vertebra 15 坐骨ischimn 16 尾椎caudal vertebra图Ⅸ-4 胸廓背面The thorax.Dorsal aspect17 指骨digital bone 18 掌骨metacarp at bone 19 腕骨carpal bone 20 桡骨radius 21 尺骨ulna 22 三角突起deltoid process 23 鼻骨nasal bone 24 额骨frontal bone 25 顶骨parietal bone 26 顶间骨interparietal bone 27 肱骨hemerus 28 肩胛骨scapula图Ⅸ-5 前肢骨内侧面The bone of 图Ⅸ-6 后肢骨外侧面The bone of anterior Iimb、Medial aspect posterior limb、Lateral aspect29 肱骨头 head of humerus 30 肘突 elbow process31 肩胛冈 spine of scapula 32 肩带 pectoral girdle33 大转子 greater trochanter 34 股骨 femur35 胫侧髁 tibiale condyle 36 髌骨 patella37 胫骨 tibia 38 跖骨 metatarsal bone39 股骨头 head of femur 40 腓骨 fibula41 跟骨 calcaneus 42 跗骨 tarsal bone43 趾骨 digital bone图Ⅸ-7 整体肌腹面观 The muscles 、 Ventral view1 二腹肌前腹anterior belly of digastric muscle2 肱二头肌biceps brachii muscle3 腹直肌rectus abdominis muscle4 股动脉femoral artery5 咬肌masseter muscle6 颌下腺submandibular gland7 胸浅肌prectoral superficialis muscle8 前锯肌serratus anterior muscle9 剑突xiphoid process 10 腹外斜肌external oblique muscle of abdomen 11 阴茎penis 12 阴囊scrotum图Ⅸ-8 整体肌背面观The muscles.Dorsal view13 耳提肌levator auricularis muscle 14 颈阔肌platysma 15 肩三角肌shoulder-deltoid muscle 16 背阔肌latissimus dorsi muscle 17 股直肌rectus femoris muscle 18 锁骨提肌levator claidalis muscle 19 背斜方肌trapezius dorsi muscle 20 臀浅肌gluteus superficialis muscle 21 半腱肌semitendinosus muscle图Ⅸ-9 口腔The oral cavity图Ⅸ-10 颈肌与胸肌The muscle of neck and pectoral muscle1 门齿incisor tooth2 硬腭hard palate3 软腭soft palate4 舌根root of tongue5 舌体body of tongue6 舌尖apex of tongue7 颞浅动脉superficial temporal artery8 二腹肌后腹posterior belly of digastric muscle9 胸乳突肌sternomastoideus muscle 10 肱二头肌biceps brachii muscle 11 胸浅肌pectoral superficialis muscle 12 二腹肌前腹anterior belly of digastric muscle 13 咬肌masseter muscle 14 胸骨舌骨肌stemohyoid muscle 15 肩三角肌shoulder-deltoid muscle 16 前锯肌serratus anterior muscle图Ⅸ-11 胸、腹腔器官(1)The organs in the thoracic and abdominal cavities(1)1 肺lung2 膈diaphragm3 肝中叶middle lobe of liver4 肝右叶right lobe of liver5 小肠small intestine6 股动、静脉femoral artery and vein7 胸乳突肌sternomastoideus muscle8 胸腺thymus9 心heart 10 肝左叶left lobe of liver I1 胃stomach 12 脾spleen 13 结肠colon 14 膀胱urinary bladder图Ⅸ-12 胸、腹腔器官(2)The organs in the thoracic and abdominal cavities (2)1 肺lung2 膈diaphragm3 肝中叶middle lobe of liver4 肝右叶right lobe of liver5 小肠small intestine6 股动、静脉femoral artery and vein7 胸乳突肌sternomastoideus muscle8 胸腺thymus9 心heart 10 肝左叶left lobe of liver I1 胃stomach 12 脾spleen 13 结肠colon 14 膀胱urinary bladder15 气管trachea 16 咬肌masseter muscle图Ⅸ-13 胸腔器官The organs in the thoracic cavity1 气管trachea2 胸乳突肌sternomastoideus muscle3 肱二头肌biceps brachii muscle4 肺lung5 膈diaphragm6 肝中叶middle lobe of liver7 肝右叶right lobe of Iiver8 二腹肌前腹anterior belly of digastric muscle9 咬肌masseter muscle 10 二腹肌后腹posterior belly of digastric muscle 11 胸腺thymus 12 心heart 13 肝左叶left lobe of liver 14 胃stomach图Ⅸ-14 心腹面(1)The heart、Ventral aspect(1)1 气管trachea 4 肺lung 5 膈diaphragm 15 右心房right atrium 16 右心室right ventricle 17 喉larynx 18 左心房left atrium 19 左心室left ventricle 20 心尖cardiac apex图Ⅸ-15 心腹面(2)The heart、Ventral aspect (2)图Ⅸ-16 心背面The heart、Dorsal aspect21 右锁骨下动脉right subclavian artery22 前腔静脉precaval vein 23 右心耳right auricle24 冠状沟coronary sulcus 25 颈总动脉common carotid artery26 左锁骨下动脉left subclavian artery 27 主动脉aorta28 肺动脉pulmonary artery29 左心耳left auricle30 左冠状动脉left coronary artery31 肺静脉pulmonary vein 32 心中静脉middle cardiac vein33 后腔静脉postcaval vein 34 冠状窦coronary sinus35 背面室间沟dorsal interventricular groove15 右心房right atrium16 右心室right ventricle18 左心房left atrium19 左心室left ventricle20 心尖cardiac apex图Ⅸ-17 腹腔器官(1)The organs in the abdominal cavity(1)1 胸骨舌骨肌stemohyoid muscle2 肱二头肌biceps brachii muscle3 膈diaphragm4 肝liver5 空肠jejunum6 股动、静脉femoral artery and vein7 阴囊scrotum8 咬肌masseter muscle9 胸乳突肌stemomastoideus muscle 10 胸浅肌pectoral superficialis muscle 11 剑突xiphoid process 12 胃stomach 13 脾spleen 14 结肠colon 15 坐骨神经sciatic nerve 16 阴茎penis图Ⅸ-18 腹腔器官(2)The organs in the abdominal cavity (2)4 肝liver5 空肠jejunum 7 阴囊scrotum 13 脾spleen 14 结肠colon 16 阴茎penis 17 膀胱urinary bladder 18 股直肌rectus femoris muscle 19 回肠ileum 20 后肠系膜动脉posterior mesenteric artery 21 股薄肌gracilis musele图IX-19 腹腔器官(3)The organs in the abdominal cavity (3)1 肋弓costal arch2 小肠small intestine3 肾kidney4 阴道vagina5 脂肪fat6 肝liver7 卵巢ovary8 子宫uterus9 直肠rectum 10 膀胱图IX -20 腹腔器官(4)The organs in the abdominal cavity (4)3 肾kidney 5 脂肪fat 6 肝liver 10 膀胱urinary bladder 11 后腔静脉postcaval vein 12 剑突xiphoid process 13 肾上腺adrenal gland 14 输尿管ureter图Ⅸ-21 肝、胃与脾The liver,stomach and spleen图Ⅸ-22 肝腹面The liver、Ventral aspect1 食管esophagus2 幽门pylorus3 肝liver4 胃底fundus of stomach5 胃体body of stomact6 脾spleen7 胰pancreas8 前腔静脉precaval vein9 肝右叶right lobe of liver 10 肝左叶left lobe of liver 11 肝中叶middle lobe of liver图Ⅸ-23 肝背面The liver、Dorsal aspect8 前腔静脉precaval vein 9 肝右叶right lobe of liver 10 肝左叶left lobe of liver 11 肝中叶middle lobe of liver 12 肝尾叶caudate lobe of liver图Ⅸ-24 胃The stomach图Ⅸ-25 胃壁内面The wall of stomach、Inner surface1 食管esophagus2 胃小弯lesser curvature of stomach3 幽门pylorus4 十二指肠duodenum5 胃底fundus of stomach6 贲门cardia7 胃大弯greater curvature of stomach 9 皮区cutaneous region8 胃体body of stomach图Ⅸ-26 泌尿、生殖器官(♂)The urinary and genital organs(♂)10 肾静脉renal vein 11 后腔静脉postcaval vein 12 股直肌rectus femoris muscle 13 内收肌adductor medial muscle 14 阴囊scrotum 15 肾上腺adrenal gland 16 肾kidney 17 输尿管ureter 18 精囊seminal vesicle 19 脂肪fat 20 膀胱urinary bladder 21 阴茎penis图Ⅸ-27 生殖器官(♂)The genital organs(♂)1 输尿管ureter2 精囊seminal vesicle3 前列腺prostate4 肾kidney5 膀胱urinary bladder6 精索spermatic cord7 阴茎8 阴囊scrotum图Ⅸ-28 泌尿、生殖器官(♀)The urinary and genital organs(♀)4 肾kidney5 膀胱urinary bladder 9 肾上腺adrenal gland 10 卵巢ovary l1 输卵管uterine tube 12 阴道vagina 13 剑突xiphoid process 14 肾静脉renal vein 15 后腔静脉postcaval vein 16 子官uterus图Ⅸ-29 生殖器官(♀)The genital organs(♀)1 肾静脉renal vein2 后腔静脉postcaval vein3 卵巢ovary4 输卵管uterine tube5 髂总静脉common iliac vein6 脂肪fat7 肾kidney8 子宫uterus9 阴道10 阴门vulva图Ⅸ-30 脑与脊髓背面(1)The brain and spinal cord、Dorsal aspect(1)11 大脑cerebrum 12 小脑绒球flocculus of cerebellum 13 颈膨大cervical enlargement 14 背斜方肌trapezius dorsi muscle 15 腰骶膨大lumbosacral enlargement 16 终丝filum terminate 17 嗅球olfactory bulb 18 小脑cerebellum 19 小脑蚓vermis 20 背阔肌latissimus dorsi muscle 21 腹外斜肌external oblique muscle of abdomen 22 脊髓圆锥conus medullaris图Ⅸ-31 脑与脊髓背面(2)The brain 图Ⅸ-32 脑与脊髓腹面The brain and and spinal cordDorsal aspect (2) spinal cord.V entral aspect1 大脑炎 cerebrum2 小脑蚓 vermis3 腰骶膨大 lumbosacral enlargement4 嗅球 olfactory bulb5 小脑 cerebellum6 小脑绒球 flocculus of cerebcllurn7 颈膨大 cervical enlargement8 脊髓圆锥 conus medullaris9 终丝 filum terminate 10 脊神经 spinal nerve II 视神经 optic nerve 12 延髓 medulla oblongata图Ⅸ-33 后肢内侧面 The posterior limb 、 Medial aspect13 腹直肌rectus abdoininis muscle 14 腹外斜肌external oblique muscle of abdomen 15 股直肌rectus femoris muscle 16 阴茎penis 17 阴囊scrotum 18 内收肌adductor medial muscle 19 坐骨神经sciatic nerve 20 趾深屈肌flexor digitorum profundus muscle 21 腓肠肌gastrocnemius muscle在野医人收集制作感谢丁香园提供生物交流平台!。

小鼠解剖图(完整版)

小鼠解剖图(完整版)

图Ⅸ-1 整体骨骼侧面观The skeleton. Lateral view图Ⅸ-2 整体骨骼背面观The skeleton. Dorsal view1 背肋dorsal rib2 胸椎thoracic vertebra3 颈椎cerical vertebra4 顶间骨interparietal bone5 顶骨parietal bone6 额骨frontal bone7 鼻骨nasal bone8 锁骨clavicle 9 肩胛骨scapula 10 肱骨hemerus 11 髌骨patella 12 腰椎lumbar vertebra 13 荐椎sacral vertebra 14 尾椎caudal vertebra 15 坐骨ischium 16 髂骨ilium 17 股骨femur 18 腓骨fibula 19 胫骨tibia 20 跖骨metatarsal bone 21 趾骨digital bone 22 胸肋sternal rib 23 头骨skull 24 指骨digital bone 25 桡骨radius图Ⅸ-3 背柱背面The vertebral column. Dorsal aspect1 枢椎axis2 胸椎thoracic vertebra3 第II 胸椎I Ith thoraac vertebra4 第1 腰椎I st lumbar vertebra5 第6 腰椎6th lumbar vertebra 6 耻骨pubis7 闭孔obturator foramen8 寰椎atlas9 第7 颈椎seventh cervical vertebra 10 胸肋sternal rib 1l 背肋dorsal rib 12 第4 腰椎4th lumbar 13 髂骨ilium 14 荐椎sacral vertebra 15 坐骨ischimn 16 尾椎caudal vertebra图Ⅸ-4 胸廓背面The thorax.Dorsal aspect17 指骨digital bone 18 掌骨metacarp at bone 19 腕骨carpal bone 20 桡骨radius 21 尺骨ulna 22 三角突起deltoid process 23 鼻骨nasal bone 24 额骨frontal bone 25 顶骨parietal bone 26 顶间骨interparietal bone 27 肱骨hemerus 28 肩胛骨scapula图Ⅸ-5 前肢骨内侧面The bone of 图Ⅸ-6 后肢骨外侧面The bone of anterior Iimb.Medial aspect posterior teral aspect29 肱骨头 head of humerus 30 肘突 elbow process31 肩胛冈 spine of scapula 32 肩带 pectoral girdle33 大转子 greater trochanter 34 股骨 femur35 胫侧髁 tibiale condyle 36 髌骨 patella37 胫骨 tibia 38 跖骨 metatarsal bone39 股骨头 head of femur 40 腓骨 fibula41 跟骨 calcaneus 42 跗骨 tarsal bone43 趾骨 digital bone图Ⅸ-7 整体肌腹面观 The muscles. Ventral view1 二腹肌前腹anterior belly of digastric muscle2 肱二头肌biceps brachii muscle3 腹直肌rectus abdominis muscle4 股动脉femoral artery5 咬肌masseter muscle6 颌下腺submandibular gland7 胸浅肌prectoral superficialis muscle8 前锯肌serratus anterior muscle9 剑突xiphoid process 10 腹外斜肌external oblique muscle of abdomen 11 阴茎penis 12 阴囊scrotum图Ⅸ-8 整体肌背面观The muscles.Dorsal view13 耳提肌levator auricularis muscle 14 颈阔肌platysma 15 肩三角肌shoulder-deltoid muscle 16 背阔肌latissimus dorsi muscle 17 股直肌rectus femoris muscle 18 锁骨提肌levator claidalis muscle 19 背斜方肌trapezius dorsi muscle 20 臀浅肌gluteus superficialis muscle 21 半腱肌semitendinosus muscle图Ⅸ-9 口腔The oral cavity图Ⅸ-10 颈肌与胸肌The muscle of neck and pectoral muscle1 门齿incisor tooth2 硬腭hard palate3 软腭soft palate4 舌根root of tongue5 舌体body of tongue6 舌尖apex of tongue7 颞浅动脉superficial temporal artery8 二腹肌后腹posterior belly of digastric muscle9 胸乳突肌sternomastoideus muscle 10 肱二头肌biceps brachii muscle 11 胸浅肌pectoral superficialis muscle 12 二腹肌前腹anterior belly of digastric muscle 13 咬肌masseter muscle 14 胸骨舌骨肌stemohyoid muscle 15 肩三角肌shoulder-deltoid muscle 16 前锯肌serratus anterior muscle图Ⅸ-11 胸、腹腔器官(1)The organs in the thoracic and abdominal cavities(1)1 肺lung2 膈diaphragm3 肝中叶middle lobe of liver4 肝右叶right lobe of liver5 小肠small intestine6 股动、静脉femoral artery and vein7 胸乳突肌sternomastoideus muscle8 胸腺thymus9 心heart 10 肝左叶left lobe of liver I1 胃stomach 12 脾spleen 13 结肠colon 14 膀胱urinary bladder图Ⅸ-12 胸、腹腔器官(2)The organs in the thoracic and abdominal cavities (2)1 肺lung2 膈diaphragm3 肝中叶middle lobe of liver4 肝右叶right lobe of liver5 小肠small intestine6 股动、静脉femoral artery and vein7 胸乳突肌sternomastoideus muscle8 胸腺thymus9 心heart 10 肝左叶left lobe of liver I1 胃stomach 12 脾spleen 13 结肠colon 14 膀胱urinary bladder15 气管trachea 16 咬肌masseter muscle图Ⅸ-13 胸腔器官The organs in the thoracic cavity1 气管trachea2 胸乳突肌sternomastoideus muscle3 肱二头肌biceps brachii muscle4 肺lung5 膈diaphragm6 肝中叶middle lobe of liver7 肝右叶right lobe of Iiver8 二腹肌前腹anterior belly of digastric muscle9 咬肌masseter muscle 10 二腹肌后腹posterior belly of digastric muscle 11 胸腺thymus 12 心heart 13 肝左叶left lobe of liver 14 胃stomach图Ⅸ-14 心腹面(1)The heart. Ventral aspect(1)1 气管trachea 4 肺lung 5 膈diaphragm 15 右心房right atrium 16 右心室right ventricle 17 喉larynx 18 左心房left atrium 19 左心室left ventricle 20 心尖cardiac apex图Ⅸ-15 心腹面(2)The heart. Ventral aspect (2)图Ⅸ-16 心背面The heart. Dorsal aspect21 右锁骨下动脉right subclavian artery22 前腔静脉precaval vein 23 右心耳right auricle24 冠状沟coronary sulcus 25 颈总动脉common carotid artery26 左锁骨下动脉left subclavian artery 27 主动脉aorta28 肺动脉pulmonary artery29 左心耳left auricle30 左冠状动脉left coronary artery31 肺静脉pulmonary vein 32 心中静脉middle cardiac vein33 后腔静脉postcaval vein 34 冠状窦coronary sinus35 背面室间沟dorsal interventricular groove15 右心房right atrium16 右心室right ventricle18 左心房left atrium19 左心室left ventricle20 心尖cardiac apex图Ⅸ-17 腹腔器官(1)The organs in the abdominal cavity(1)1 胸骨舌骨肌stemohyoid muscle2 肱二头肌biceps brachii muscle3 膈diaphragm4 肝liver5 空肠jejunum6 股动、静脉femoral artery and vein7 阴囊scrotum8 咬肌masseter muscle9 胸乳突肌stemomastoideus muscle 10 胸浅肌pectoral superficialis muscle 11 剑突xiphoid process 12 胃stomach 13 脾spleen 14 结肠colon 15 坐骨神经sciatic nerve 16 阴茎penis图Ⅸ-18 腹腔器官(2)The organs in the abdominal cavity (2)4 肝liver5 空肠jejunum 7 阴囊scrotum 13 脾spleen 14 结肠colon 16 阴茎penis 17 膀胱urinary bladder 18 股直肌rectus femoris muscle 19 回肠ileum 20 后肠系膜动脉posterior mesenteric artery 21 股薄肌gracilis musele图IX-19 腹腔器官(3)The organs in the abdominal cavity (3)1 肋弓costal arch2 小肠small intestine3 肾kidney4 阴道vagina5 脂肪fat6 肝liver7 卵巢ovary8 子宫uterus9 直肠rectum 10 膀胱图IX -20 腹腔器官(4)The organs in the abdominal cavity (4)3 肾kidney 5 脂肪fat 6 肝liver 10 膀胱urinary bladder 11 后腔静脉postcaval vein 12 剑突xiphoid process 13 肾上腺adrenal gland 14 输尿管ureter图Ⅸ-21 肝、胃与脾The liver,stomach and spleen图Ⅸ-22 肝腹面The liver. Ventral aspect1 食管esophagus2 幽门pylorus3 肝liver4 胃底fundus of stomach5 胃体body of stomact6 脾spleen7 胰pancreas8 前腔静脉precaval vein9 肝右叶right lobe of liver 10 肝左叶left lobe of liver 11 肝中叶middle lobe of liver图Ⅸ-23 肝背面The liver. Dorsal aspect8 前腔静脉precaval vein 9 肝右叶right lobe of liver 10 肝左叶left lobe of liver 11 肝中叶middle lobe of liver 12 肝尾叶caudate lobe of liver图Ⅸ-24 胃The stomach图Ⅸ-25 胃壁内面The wall of stomach. Inner surface1 食管esophagus2 胃小弯lesser curvature of stomach3 幽门pylorus4 十二指肠duodenum5 胃底fundus of stomach6 贲门cardia7 胃大弯greater curvature of stomach 9 皮区cutaneous region8 胃体body of stomach图Ⅸ-26 泌尿、生殖器官(♂)The urinary and genital organs(♂)10 肾静脉renal vein 11 后腔静脉postcaval vein 12 股直肌rectus femoris muscle 13 内收肌adductor medial muscle 14 阴囊scrotum 15 肾上腺adrenal gland 16 肾kidney 17 输尿管ureter 18 精囊seminal vesicle 19 脂肪fat 20 膀胱urinary bladder 21 阴茎penis图Ⅸ-27 生殖器官(♂)The genital organs(♂)1 输尿管ureter2 精囊seminal vesicle3 前列腺prostate4 肾kidney5 膀胱urinary bladder6 精索spermatic cord7 阴茎8 阴囊scrotum图Ⅸ-28 泌尿、生殖器官(♀)The urinary and genital organs(♀)4 肾kidney5 膀胱urinary bladder 9 肾上腺adrenal gland 10 卵巢ovary l1 输卵管uterine tube 12 阴道vagina 13 剑突xiphoid process 14 肾静脉renal vein 15 后腔静脉postcaval vein 16 子官uterus图Ⅸ-29 生殖器官(♀)The genital organs(♀)1 肾静脉renal vein2 后腔静脉postcaval vein3 卵巢ovary4 输卵管uterine tube5 髂总静脉common iliac vein6 脂肪fat7 肾kidney8 子宫uterus9 阴道10 阴门vulva图Ⅸ-30 脑与脊髓背面(1)The brain and spinal cord. Dorsal aspect(1)11 大脑cerebrum 12 小脑绒球flocculus of cerebellum 13 颈膨大cervical enlargement 14 背斜方肌trapezius dorsi muscle 15 腰骶膨大lumbosacral enlargement 16 终丝filum terminate 17 嗅球olfactory bulb 18 小脑cerebellum 19 小脑蚓vermis 20 背阔肌latissimus dorsi muscle 21 腹外斜肌external oblique muscle of abdomen 22 脊髓圆锥conus medullaris图Ⅸ-31 脑与脊髓背面(2)The brain 图Ⅸ-32 脑与脊髓腹面The brain and and spinal cordDorsal aspect (2) spinal cord.Ventral aspect1 大脑炎 cerebrum2 小脑蚓 vermis3 腰骶膨大 lumbosacral enlargement4 嗅球 olfactory bulb5 小脑 cerebellum6 小脑绒球 flocculus of cerebcllurn7 颈膨大 cervical enlargement8 脊髓圆锥 conus medullaris9 终丝 filum terminate 10 脊神经 spinal nerve II 视神经 optic nerve 12 延髓 medulla oblongata图Ⅸ-33 后肢内侧面 The posterior limb. Medial aspect13 腹直肌rectus abdoininis muscle 14 腹外斜肌external oblique muscle of abdomen 15 股直肌rectus femoris muscle 16 阴茎penis 17 阴囊scrotum 18 内收肌adductor medial muscle 19 坐骨神经sciatic nerve 20 趾深屈肌flexor digitorum profundus muscle 21 腓肠肌gastrocnemius muscle在野医人收集制作感谢丁香园提供生物交流平台!。

小鼠解剖取材实验方法

小鼠解剖取材实验方法

小鼠解剖取材实验方法小鼠解剖取材实验方法主要包括以下步骤:1. 小鼠麻醉:将小鼠麻醉后,将其仰卧固定在手术台上。

2. 消毒:剪去小鼠胸前区毛发,用75%医用酒精棉球消毒胸前区。

3. 观察器官位置:观察小鼠腹膜、腹腔内脏器位置、膈肌及有无腹水。

4. 取材:肝、胆囊观察:首先检查肝脏大小、被膜的性状、边缘的厚薄、肝脏硬度和色泽等。

然后剪断肝镰状韧带,用镊子小心取出肝,观察各叶横膈及侧面,称重后切开数个切面,观察切面的出血量、色泽、有无脓肿或坏死等变化。

同时观察包膜、有无膨隆等。

剪开胆囊观察黏膜和胆汁色泽、浑浊程度等。

脾观察:剪开胃、肾韧带,取出脾,观察大小、硬度、色泽、边缘的厚度、包膜是否紧张。

然后做切面检查,从脾头切至脾尾,切面要平整,检查脾内部的色泽、出血量等。

肾上腺及肾观察:剥离取出双侧肾上腺,将左右肾上腺分别放入事先标记好的包埋盒内再固定。

观察输尿管有无扩张。

剥离肾周围脂肪组织,分别取出双侧肾,观察色泽、大小、硬度、被膜是否容易剥离,肾表面的色泽、平滑度、有无疤痕、出血等。

左肾纵切,右肾横切,观察肾皮质、髓质,检查有无淤血、出血、化脓或梗死、有无肿瘤及寄生虫等。

膀胱及生殖系统检查:雄性动物将膀胱、前列腺、精囊一同取出后分离。

摘取双侧睾丸、附睾,剥离多余脂肪,观察有无异常,如突起、颜色变化、硬度变化等。

雌性动物先取膀胱,再在阴道末端剪断,将阴道连同子宫颈、子宫体、两侧卵巢及输卵管一同取出。

剥离多余脂肪,分离子宫和卵巢,观察有无异常,如色泽、大小、突起、硬度变化等。

将左右卵巢及输卵管、阴道分别放入事先标记好的包埋盒内再固定。

胰腺及胃肠道观察:分别剪断食道下段与直肠末端,将胰腺、胃肠道(包括回肠末端 Peyer's 结)及肠系膜(包括肠系膜淋巴结)从腹腔内取出,观察胃肠道浆膜面及黏膜面有无异常,有无粘连、肿瘤、寄生虫结节等。

然后打开肠管,由十二指肠开始向后剪开,边剪边观察肠道内容物的性状、气味、有无血液、异物等。

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实验一小鼠大体解剖
注意事项:请按教师的指令进行操作,谨防被小鼠咬伤;
如发生意外,请立即报告老师!
一、实验目的
1. 掌握小鼠的抓取和固定方法;
2. 掌握小鼠的解剖方法;
3. 熟悉脏器系数的测定方法
4. 了解一般实验动物的抓取和固定方法
5. 了解一般实验动物的生物样本的采集方法
二、实验内容
1. 小鼠的抓取和固定
正确的抓取固定动物,是为了不损害动物健康,不影响观察指标,并防止被动物咬伤,保证实验顺利进行。

抓取固定动物的方法依实验内容和动物类而定。

抓取固定动物前,必须对各种动物的一般习性有所了解,抓取固定时既要小心仔细,不能粗暴,又要大胆敏捷,确实达到正确抓取固定动物的目的。

(1)单手抓取固定法
小鼠性情较温顺,挣扎力小,比较容易抓取和保定。

抓取时,用左手拇指和食指捏住小鼠尾巴中部(图1)放在格板或铁笼上。

趁着小鼠试图挣脱的瞬间,迅速用另外三个手指压住小鼠的尾巴根部握入手掌(图2);放松拇指和食指,用另外三个手指控制小鼠,然后用食指和拇指捏住小鼠头部两边疏松的皮肤提起小鼠(图3),完成抓取保定。

注意,抓小鼠尾巴应抓住尾巴中部或根部,不能仅捏住小鼠尾巴的尾端,因为这时小鼠的重量全部集中到尾端,如果小鼠挣扎,有可能弄破尾端。

在进行解剖、手术、心脏采血、尾静脉注射时,可将小鼠用线绳捆绑在木版上,或固定在尾静脉注射架及粗试管中。

图1 图2 图3
(2)双手抓取固定法
抓取时先用右手抓取鼠尾提起,置于鼠笼或实验台向后拉,在其向前爬行时,用左手拇指和食指抓住小鼠的两耳和颈部皮肤(图4),将鼠体置于左手心中,把后肢拉直,以无名指按住鼠尾,小指按住后腿即可(图5)。

这种在手中固定方式,能进行实验动物的灌胃、皮下、肌肉和腹腔注射以及其他实验操作。

如进行解剖、手术、心脏采血和尾静脉注射时,则需将小鼠作一定形式的固定,解剖手术和心脏采血等均可使动物先取背卧位(必要时先行麻醉),再用大头针将鼠前后肢依次固定在腊板上。

尾静脉注射时,可用小鼠尾静脉注射架固定(图6),先根据动物大小选择好合适的固定架,并打开鼠筒盖,手提鼠尾巴,让动物头对准鼠筒口并送入筒内,调节鼠筒长短合适后,露出尾巴,固定筒盖即可进行尾静脉注射或尾静脉采血等操作。

图4 图5
图6
2. 小鼠的处死方法
(1)颈椎脱臼处死法
此法是将实验动物的颈椎脱臼,断离脊髓致死,为小鼠最常用的处死方法。

操作时实验人员用右手抓住鼠尾根部并将其提起,放在鼠笼盖或其他粗糙面上,用左手拇指、食指用力向下按压鼠头及颈部,右手抓住鼠尾根部用力拉向后上方,造成颈椎脱臼,脊髓与脑干断离,实验动物立即死亡。

(2)断头处死法
此法适用于鼠类等较小的实验动物。

操作时,实验人员用左手按住实验动物的背部,拇指夹住实验动物右腋窝,食指和中指夹住左前肢,右手用剪刀在鼠颈部垂直将鼠头剪断,使实验动物因脑脊髓断离且大量出血死亡。

3 .小鼠解剖步骤
(1)处死小鼠
将小鼠采用颈椎脱臼法处死后,置台秤上称重。

(2)皮肤消毒
用酒精棉球将小鼠腹部的皮肤消毒。

(3)打开腹腔、胸腔
用手术剪将小鼠的腹部和胸部的皮肤剪开,然后用手术剪将腹腔和胸腔剪开,仔细观察小鼠腹腔和胸腔的各内脏器官。

(4)计算脏器系数
用眼科剪小心分离肝脏和卵巢,分别用生理盐水洗净,用滤纸将水吸干后置台秤上称重。

分别计算肝脏和卵巢的脏器系数。

计算公式为:
小鼠体重(g) =
脏器系数 = 某器官重量 / 小鼠体重
肝脏的脏器系数 =
卵巢的脏器系数 =。

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