人教版高中英语选修八 Unit2 Cloning-语法篇(教师版)
高中英语人教版选修8Unit2CloningGrammar教案(系列三)
选修八Unit2 CloningPeriod3 Grammar一、教学目标1.知识与技能A．复习同位语的构成；B．正确辨识并使用同位语从句的连接词；C．复习同位语从句和定语从句的区别。
2. 过程与方法A．图解法B．列举法C．讲授法D．演示法3. 情感态度与价值观A．培养学生的规范语言表达；B．让学生体会语言的灵活多变。
C．让学生体验学习的乐趣和成功的喜悦。
二、教学重、难点1.同位语的作用；2.正确判断并使用连接词；3.同位语从句和定语从句的区别。
四、教学方法：1.合作交流，小组讨论。
2.自主学习，独立思考。
3.探究学习。
Step1：什么叫同位语同位语主要用作对名词（代词）做进一步解释，它可以使单词、短语或从句。
同位语从句是名词性从句的一种，置于某些名词之后，这类从句通常由that引导，有时也用what,why,whether,when等引导。
1.The whole scientific world followed the progress of the first successful clone, Dolly the sheep.(名词作同位语)2.Altogether Dolly lived for six years, half the length of her original sheep.(短语作同位语)3.The fact that she seemed to develop normally was very encouraging. （从句作同位语）Step2：同位语从句The news is true.主语系表The news that he has been elected monitor is true.主语同位语从句系表Step3: 同位语从句的引导词以从句的形式表示的同位语叫同位语从句。
引导同位语从句的连接词通常有：1. 从属连词：that，whether（通常不用if）等，that不能省略；The truth is that he has never been to the countryside.The question is whether we can finish the experiment by tomorrow afternoon.She looks as if she were very tired.2. 连接代词：what,who,whom,whose等；I have no idea what size shoes she wears.我不知道她穿几号的鞋。
人教版高中英语选修八：Unit 2 Cloning语法知识点汇总
人教版高中英语选修八：Unit 2 Cloning语法知识点汇总语言要点（模块）Ⅲ.重点词汇（旨在提供词汇综合运用所需材料）1.differ vi. 不同；相异；（指人）看法不同；与……意见不同(= disagree)difference n. 不同之处different adj. 不同的[典例]1)Apparently, the twins differ from each other in character. 很显然，这对双胞胎在性格方面不一样。
2)The examples illustrate that the two words differ in meaning. 那些例子说明了这两个词在意思上的不同。
3)It is not an easy thing to team up with those who differ with you on it.与那些在这件事情上与你意见不同的人合作并非易事。
4)Their house differs from mine in having no garage.他们的房子与我的不同，区别在于他们的没有汽车库。
5)The two sides still differ with each other over the question of pay. 双方在报酬的问题上仍各持己见。
[重点用法]differ from = be different from 与……不同/有区别be different from sb. (in…) (在……方面)不同于某人differ in在……方面不同A differs fromB in... A与B在……方面不同differ with sb. about/on/over sth. 与某人在某事上持不同看法make a (big/real) difference (to)对......有影响（对......影响很大/产生很大的影响）★[练习] 根据句子的要求在括号里填入适当的词或翻译。
人教课标版高中英语选修8Unit2Cloning同位语从句课件
多莉看来是正常地生长着的事实很令人 鼓励。
Then came the distur news that Dolly had become seriously ill.
2. 引导同位语从句的连接词
从句句型
连接词
陈说句
that ( 不可以省略)
一般疑问句 特殊疑问句
whether“是否”（不用if） 代词:what, who, whom, whose, which; 副词: when, where, why,how
Complete the sentences.
The news that death toll in China quake reached 10,000made us sad.
Order came that all these houses （should） be pulled down in a month.
His suggestion that students （should） learn something practical is very reasonable.
6) We've just heard a warning on the radio _th_a_t_ a hurricane is likely to come. 同
7) There is no doubt t_h_a_the has told a lie.同
8) I have no idea w__h_e_r_e they live!
同
9) The coat is in the place _w_h_e_r_e_ you
超实用高考英语语法专题复习：Unit2 Cloning 人教版选修8
humans. 6．The athlete's years of hard training paid off when she finally won the
ill.
背佳句 Then came the exciting news that our team won the game.
2．with 复合结构在句中作后置定语
悟原句 Diversity in a group means having animals with their genes arranged in different ways.
8． undertake vt. 9． breakthrough n. 10． altogether adv. 11． vain adj. 12． owe vt. 13． bother vt. 14． drawback n. 15． merely adv. 16． unable adj.
着手；从事；承担 突破 总共；完全地 虚荣的；自负的；徒劳的 欠(账、钱、人情等)；归功于……
4．medium n. 5．fate n. 6．conservative adj. 7．constitution n. 8．opera n. 9．chorus n. 10．claw n. 11．turkey n. 12．carrier n.
_____媒__介__；__手__段__；__工__具_____ _________命__运__；__天__命________ _______保__守__的__；__守__旧__的______ _________宪__法__；__章__程________ ____歌__剧__；__歌__剧__团__；__歌__剧__院___ ________合__唱__；__合__唱__队_______ __________爪__；__脚__爪_________ ___________火__鸡____________ __携__带__者__；__搬__运__工__；__运__输__工__具_
人教版高二英语选修8 Unit 2 Cloning 全单元教案
Unit 2 CloningThe First Period warming upAims1. Talk about cloning2. Practice expressing and supporting an opinionContentsTask one: Looking and speakingIn pairs, look at the pictures and discuss which ones are natural clones and which ones are man-made. Explain how they differ.A.Dolly the sheepB. A strawberry plantC.TwinsD. Identical dogsTask two: Questions about cloningWhat is a clone?How is a clone produced?What benefits can humans gain from cloning?What problems may arise when humans are cloned?Task three: Free talkIn pairs, discuss what you understand about cloning, then list the questions you want to find out. Share your lists with one another.1. Should we clone human?2. Could cloning replace sex as the means of creating new human life?3. Could a parent clone a child who is dying of a terminal illness?The Second Period ReadingAims:1. Help the Ss to know how to describe cloning and how to catch the details of the text.2. Activate the Ss to show their opinions about the cloning and enable the Ss to write and article on this debate.Contents:Leading in by revision.Task one: Fast readingWhat is a clone?Show the following.1. Cloning means making a copy of an animal or a plant. (F. e xact… another)2. Gardeners can make a lot of money by cloning plants.(T.)3. Cloning animals is as complicated as cloning plants.(F. more than)4. Dolly the sheep was the first successful clone of a mammal. (T.)5. Natural clones happen in animals as well as in plants.(T)Task two: Careful readingRead the text again, try to answer the following questions and find out the main idea of each paragraph .Questions:1. What‟s the main idea of the text?2. How many years did the sheep that donated the somatic cell most probably live?3. Why did the Cloning of Dolly the sheep succeed?4. What does the word …straightforward‟ mean in the second paragraph?5. What is the writer‟s attitude toward cloning in this passage?The main idea of each paragraph:Para. 1 Cloning is a way of making an copy of another animal and plant.Para. 2 Cloning has two major uses.Para. 3 The problems of Dolly.Para. 4 The effect of Dolly.Para. 5 It is forbidden to clone human being.Task three: Notes for debating: Should we use cloning?Argument for cloning:Cloning will be beneficial to humansWe could use cloning to cure illnesses.Arguments against cloning:healthy risks form mutation of genesemotional risksagainst naturerisk of abuse of the technologyCloned animals get ill and die quite young;The Third Period Language PointsAims:1. Enable the Ss to grasp the words of cloning.Get the Ss to master some useful expressions.Contents:1. differ v.1) “To be dissimilar or unlike in nature, quality, amount, or form”eg：Ambition differs from greed.2) “To be of a different opinion; disagree”eg：The critic differed with the author on several facts.2. exact adj. “Strictly and completely in accord with fact; not deviating from truth or reality”eg：an exact account; an exact replica; your exact words.3. commercial adj. 1) “Of or relating to commerce” 2) “Engaged in commerce‟eg：a commercial loan; a commercial attaché; a commercial trucker.4. straightforward adj. 1) “honest‟ 2) “easy to understand”eg: a ~ explanation; written in ~ language; a ~ problem in algebra5. procedure n.1) …A manner of proceeding; a way of performing or effecting something‟eg：complained to the manager, and by this procedure got the money back.2) “A series of steps taken to accomplish an end”6. undertake v.1) “To take upon oneself; decide or agree to do”eg：undertake a task.2) “To pledge or commit (oneself) to‟eg：undertake oneself to care for an elderly relative.7. breakthrough n.1) “An act of overcoming or penetrating an obstacle or restriction.”2) …A military offensive that penetrates an enemy's lines of defense‟eg: a ~ in cancer research8. disturb v. “break the quiet, calm and peace‟eg: She opened the door quietly so as not to disturb the sleeping boy.Don‟t ~ the papers on my desk.9. arbitrary adj.1) “Determined by chance, whim, or impulse, and not by necessity, reason”eg：stopped at the first motel we passed, an arbitrary choice; arbitrary division of the group into halves.2) “Based on or subject to individual judgment or preference”eg：The diet imposes overall calorie limits, but daily menus are arbitrary.10. altogether adv.1) “Entirely; completely; utterly”eg：lost the TV picture altogether; an altogether new approach.2) “With all included or counted; all told”eg：There were altogether 20 people at the dinner.11. objection n. “The act of objecting”eg: He has a strong ~ to getting up early.~s to the plan will be listened to sympathetically.12. media n. 媒体eg: The running for president drew the ~‟s attention.Now the press is an useful media.13. moral adj.1)“Of or concerned with the judgment of the goodness or badness”eg：moral scrutiny; a moral quandary.2) “Teaching or exhibiting goodness or correctness of character”eg：a moral lesson.14. accumulate v. “To gather or pile up”eg: By buying ten books every month, he soon ~d a library.Dust soon ~s if the room is not swept.15. forbid v.1) “To command (someone) not to do something”eg：I forbid you to go.2) “To command against the doing or use of (something); prohibit”eg：forbid smoking on trains.The Forth period Learning about language and Using languageAims:Let the Ss know more about the cloning.Improve the students‟ listening, reading and writing ability.Contents:Task one: gap fillingplete the sentences using suitable words or phrases from the prevision sections.2.Rewrite the sentences using words of similar meaning to replace the underlined words.e the words and phrases below to fill in the passage.Task two: reading and discussing1.Read the passage and answer the questions.2.In pairs, discuss which extinct animals described below (which died out less than 10,000 yearsago) are worth restoring by means of cloning.a. Auroch (1627)b. Dodo bird (1755)c. Great auk (1844)d. Quagga (1883)Task three: listening and writing1.Read the statements before listening. Tick those that you hear.2.Listen to the tape again and then work with a partner to fill in the chart on page 17.3.Whose idea do you agree with according to the listening materials? Get ready to write acomposition. Think about the reasons for your point of view. Use your own ideas as well as those in the text.。
高二英语人教版选修8 unit2 Cloning Grammar 课件
宾语 1) The news that he told me is that Tom would go abroad next year.
定语从句 （他告诉我的消息是汤姆明年将出国。） 2)The news that Tom would go abroad is told by him. 同位语从句 (汤姆将出国的消息是他讲的）
5. Students should be given more free
time./The suggestion is welcomed by
many people. The suggestion that students should
be given more free time is welcomed
by many people.
that
同位语从句 定语从句
只连接主句和从 代替先行词, 句,在从句中不充 在从句中充当成分 当成分 名词性 形容词性
I have heard the news that he visited our factory. I have heard the news that he told you the other day. 同位语从句和定语从句简易区别法： 1) 同位语从句——that 只起连接作用, 不作任何成分 定语从句 —— that 是关系代词, 起连接作用和充当 宾语和主语 2) 同位语从句——同位语从句和前面的名词是同位关系, 对名词进行补充说明 定语从句 —— 定从和前面的名词是所属关系, 对名词进行修饰, 加以限定 3)同位语从句——that 不能省 定语从句 ——that 在从句中作宾语时, 可以省
1.The news that there are no lives on the moon is known to us all. ( 同位语从句 ) 2.The news that you heard is not true. ( 定语从句 ) 3.Have you any idea who he went with? ( 同位语从句 ) 4.Is there any hope that they will 句 ) 5.The problem that you referred to doesn’t exist at all. ( 定语从句 )
人教版选修八unit 2《cloning》教案(重点资料).doc
U n i t2C l o n i n gⅠ. 单元教学目标Skill Goals技能目标▲To talk about cloning▲To practice expressing and supporting an opinion ▲To use the appositive clause▲To write a composition about cloningⅡ. 目标语言功能句式Expressing and supporting an opinion I’m happy to accept... but...I would never accept...I’m not bothered about...I don’t mind but...I hope you’ll carry on...Are you sure you want to...?I agree with you that...Is it fair to...?Do you think it is wise to...?I think you should...Well done to you for...I don’t understand why you don’t...I can’t help thinking...I could never agree to...词汇四会词汇Differ exact twin commercial straightforward undertake breakthrough procedure carrier cast altogether arbitrary correction object objection medium obtain attain moral conservative forbid accumulate constitution compulsory opera chorus loaf flour owe shortly retire bother assumption regulation strike initial vain resist drawback merely decoration unable feather turkey claw adore hatch reasonable词组cast down, object to, the media, in favour of，（be）bound to（do）..., from time to time, bring back to life, pay off, in vain语法Appositive clause —同位语从句重点It is a way of... P11 The fact is that... P11句子The question that occurred ... P12 The advantage is that... P15Ⅲ. 教材分析和教材重组1. 教材分析本单元以Cloning为话题，旨在通过单元教学，使学生了解克隆技术的优缺点，学会表达和支持个人观点，能用所学的有关Cloning的词汇去表述自己对这一新技术的观点和看法。
人教版高中英语选修八教案：+Unit2+Cloning+语法.doc
高二英语选修8 Unit 2 第四课时Grammar语法精解(一)1. 同位语the Appositive同位语是句子成分的一种, 它位于名词、代词后面, 说明它们的性质和情况, 它可以由名词、代词、名词性短语或从句充当。
同位语的表现形式有以下几种：(1) 名词Tom, our monitor, is a handsome boy.(2) 代词I myself will do the experiment.(3) 数词She is the oldest among them six.(4) 从句He told me the news that the plane had exploded.(5) 由such as, that is引导Some subjects, such as maths and physics, are very difficult to learn.(6) 由of引导The city of Beijing has been greatly changed since 2000.(7) 由or引导The freezing temperature, or freezing point, is the temperature at which water freezes under ordinary pressure配套练习(一)一. 指出下例句子划线部分是什么句子成份。
1. There is going to be a Chinese film tonight.( )2. She is to leave for Shanghai tomorrow. ( )3. Her wish is to become a teacher. ( )4. He, my brother, managed to finish the work in time. ( )5. Tom came to ask me for advice. ( )6. We found it important to learn English. ( )7. Do you have anything else to wash? ( )8. To be honest, your writing isn’t so good. ( )9. Would you please tell me your name? ( )10. They noticed a man enter the room. ( )二. 单项填空1.My performance in the driving test didn’t reach the required standard, ___ , I failedA. in the endB. after allC. in other wordsD. at the same time2. Meeting my uncle after all these years was an unforgettable moment, ___ I will always treasureA. thatB. oneC. itD. what语法精解(二)2. 同位语从句the Appositive clause(1) 同位语从句的定义在复合句中用作同位语的从句称为同位语从句。
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第4讲Cloning 语法篇____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________1.掌握同位语从句的结构与功能；2.能够熟练选用合适的引导词。
一. 概述：同位语从句就是在复合句中作名词的同位语的名词性从句。
同位语从句通常由that引导，可用于同位语从句的名词有advice、demand、doubt、fact、hope、idea、information、message、news、order、problem、promise、question、request、suggestion、truth、wish、word等。
例如：The news that we won the game is exciting. 我们赢得这场比赛的消息令人激动。
I have no idea when he will come back home. 我不知道他什么时候回来。
The thought came to him that Mary had probably fallen ill. 他想到可能玛丽生病了。
二.同位语从句的功能1.同位语从句对于名词进一步解释，说明名词的具体内容，一般由that引导，例如：1) The king’s decision that the prisoner would be set free surprised all the people.2) The order that all the soldiers should stay still is given by the general.2.whethereg: The question whether we should call in a specialist was answered by the family doctor3.连接代词what，who，whom，whose，which1)I have no idea what size shoes she wears.2)I have no idea which wine is best—it’s a matter of personal taste.3)The question who will take his place is still not clear.三. 同位语在句子中的位置同位语从句有时可以不紧跟在它所说明的名词后面，而是被别的词隔开。
例如：He got the news from Mary that the sports meeting were put off.四. 同位语从句与定语从句的区别(1) 定语从句中的that既代替先行词，同时以在从句中作某个成分（主语或宾语），而同位语从句中的that是连词，只起连接主句与从句的作用，不充当句中任何成分。
(2) 定语从句是形容词性的，其功能是修饰先行词，对先行词加以限定，描述定的性质或特征；同位语从句是名词性的，其功能是对名词进行补充说明。
例如：1) The news that he told me is that Tom would go abroad next year.（他告诉我的消息是汤姆明年将出国。
）（第一个that引导的从句是定语从句，that在从句中作宾语）2)The news that Tom would go abroad is told by him.（汤姆将出国的消息是他讲的。
）（同位语从句，that 在句中不作任何成分）五. 如何判断从句类型：1. 放句首没有用逗号分开的，一般是主语从句，也有可能是状语从句，但从句结束后若有体现时态变化的动词，则一定是主语从句。
2. 放及物动词后，若及物动词不是被动语态，后面一定是宾语从句；若句首为It，该及物动词是被动语态，后面一般是主语从句（It+ is + adj/n./done+ that/whether/when…）或状语从句。
3. 放be动词后，后面就是表语从句，但“It is/was + 从句(被强调成分) + that”是强调句（强调句中“非谓语”）。
4. 放名词后，一般是定语从句，但若该名词有“内涵/内容”( fact/truth/news/ information /problem/suggestion /idea / doubt )，则很可能是同位语从句。
1. (2019重庆卷)—Is it true that Mike refused an offer from Yale University yesterday?—Yeah，but I have no idea ____he did it；that’s one of his favorite universities.A. whenB. whyC. thatD. how答案: B解析: 本题实际上是一个同位语从句，是对名词idea的内容进行的说明。
短语have no idea后面可以使用多种形式的同位语结构，如have no idea where to go等。
根据句意可知使用why表示原因。
故B 正确。
2. (2019浙江高考) The only way to succeed at the highest level id to have total belief you are better than anyone else on the sports field.A. howB. thatC. whichD. whether答案: B解析: 此句是同位语从句，对belief进行说明，根据句意从句部分不缺少成分，that引导，所以选B。
3. (2019兰州高二下)Tomorrow is Tom’s birthday. Have you got any idea the party is to be held.A. thatB. whichC. whereD. what答案: C解析: 此题考查同位语从句，从句对idea进行说明，从句中缺少地点状语，所以选C。
4.(2019浙江温州高二下) Word comes _____ free souvenirs will be given to whoever comes first.A. whatB. thatC. whyD. which答案: B解析: 此题考查同位语从句，从句是对word进行解释，由于从句中不缺少成分，用that引导，所以选B。
5. (2019江苏南昌高二下)---Dad，can you meet my demand I be given a chance to travel to Beijing?A. whichB. thatC. whereD. when答案: B解析: 此句考查同位语从句的引导词，从句是对demand进行解释，从句部分不缺少成分，根据句意应该填that，所以选择B。
基础演练1. What do you think his proposal _______ we ________ a play at the English party.A. what；put upB. that；put onC. which；put upD. that；put off2. ______ is known to us all that Shanghai will host the 2019 World Expo.A. WhichB. ThisC. ThatD. It3. He made a promise ______ he would help me.A. thatB. whichC. whetherD. why4. Mother made a promise _______ I entered a key school，she would take me to Hongkong.A. thatB. that ifC. ifD. whether5. All the people around the world have the same simple dream ______ they will always live in peace and comfort.A. thatB. whichC. whereD. whenKey: 1-5BDABA巩固提高6. They have no idea at all____.A. where he has goneB. where did he goC. which place has he goneD. where has he gone7. His success was because of ________ he had been working hard.A. thatB. the fact whichC. the fact thatD. the fact8. The order came ___the soldiers ____the small village the next morning.A. that ；had to leaveB. that；should leaveC. /；must leaveD. when；should leave9. We all know the truth ______ the earth ______ around the sun.A. if；movedB. that；movesC. why；moveD. whether；move10. The question came up at the meeting_____ we had enough money for our research.A. thatB. whichC. whetherD. if11. The question came up at the meeting ______we had enough money for our research.A. thatB. whatC. whichD. whether12. There’s a feeling in me ______we’ll never know what a UFO is-----not ever.A. thatB. whichC. of whichD. what13. It remains a question ______ we can get so much money in such a short time.A. howB. thatC. whenD. what14. Danby left word with my secretary ______ he would call again in the afternoon.A. whoB. thatC. asD. which15. They came to the conclusion ________ by a computer.A. that not all things can be doneB. because of not all things be doneC. being not all things can be doneD. because not all things can be doneKey: 6-10 ACBBA 10-15 AABBA1. I have no idea ______he will come back.A. WhereB. whenC. whatD. that2. The news ______surprised everybody yesterday now proves to be false.A. ThatB. whenC. whatD. how3. One of the men held the view ______ the book said was right.A. what thatB. that whichC. that whatD. which that4. Word has come ______ some American guests will come for a visit to our college next week.A. WhatB. whetherC. thatD. which5. They received orders ______ the work be done at once.A .which B. when C. / D .that6. He can’t answer the question ____he got the money.A. thatB. whomC. howD. whether7. I have the information ______.A. of what he’ll come soonB. that he’ll come soonC. of that he’ll come soonD. his coming soon8. But the fact remains ______ we are behind the other classes.A. howB. whereC. whenD. that9. He made a promise ______ anyone set him free he would make him very rich.A. thatB. ifC. whatD. that if10. His suggestion ______ to see the art exhibition interested every one of us.A. that we goB. which we should goC. that we would goD. when we should go11. An idea came to her_______ she might do the experiment in another day.A. thatB. whatC. whenD. which12.They have no idea at all ______.A. where he has goneB. which place he has goneC. where did he goD. where has he gone13. The question remains ______ the Party can win the majority of the people.A. thatB. ifC. whetherD. /14. He often asked me the question ____ the work was worth doing.A. WhetherB. WhereC. ThatD. when15. Along with the letter was his promise ______ he would visit me this coming Christmas.A. whichB. thatC. whatD. whetherKey: 1-5 DBACD6-10 CBDAA11-15 AACAB_________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________一.单项选择1.The fact ____ she works hard is well known to us all.A.thatB.whatC.whyD.which2.The fact ____ he was successful proves his ability.A.thatB.whatC.whichD.why3.The news ____ he was kidnapped surprised us greatly.A.whatB.thatC.whyD.when4.His suggestion ____ the meeting be delayed was turned down.A.whichB.thatC./D.it5.I have no idea ____ he will start.A.whenB.thatC.whatD./二. 用恰当的关系词填空1. The news ________our team has won the game is really encouraging.2. I have no idea ________ he did it.3. I have no idea ________ the meeting will begin.4. The problem __________(if/whether) they will go to Beijing hasn’t been discussed yet.5. We haven’t settled the question _______ we’re going to spend our summer vacation.Key: 一.1-5 AABBA二. 1. that 2. how 3. when 4. whether 5. where三. 完形填空阅读下面短文，从短文后所给各题的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。