专四翻译
英语专四阅读长难句翻译(1)
英语专四阅读长难句翻译 (1) 2. But it will be the driver’s responsibility to make sure that children under 14 do not ride in the front unless they are wearing a seat belt of some kind.3. However, you do not have to wear a seat belt if you are reversing your vehicle ; or you are making a local delivery or collection using a special vehicle ; or if you have a valid medical certificate which excuses you from wearing it.4. Remember you may be taken to court for not doing so, and you may be fined if you cannot prove to the court that you have been excused from wearing it.5. Professor Taiju Matsuzawa wanted to find out why otherwise healthy farmers in northern Japan appeared to be losing their ability to think and reason at a relatively early age, and how the process of ageing could he slowed down.参考答案：1、系好安全带能够挽救性命，它能将丧生和重伤的概率减少一半以上。
专四专八历年经典翻译真题50例
1. The Americ an econom ic system is, organi zed around a basica lly privat e-enterp rise, market- orient ed econom y in whichconsum ers largel y determ ine what shallbe produc ed by spendi ng theirmoneyin the market place for thosegoodsand servic es that they want most. [参考译文] 美国的经济是以基本的私有企业和市场导向经济为架构的，在这种经济中，消费者很大程度上通过在市场上为那些他们最想要的货品和服务付费来决定什么应该被制造出来。
2. Thus, in the Americ an econom ic system it is the demand of indivi dualconsum ers, couple d with the desire of busine ssmen to maximi ze profit s and the desire of indivi duals to maximi ze theirincome s, that togeth er determ ine what shallbe produc ed and how resour ces are used to produc e it.[参考译文] 因此，在美国的经济体系中，个体消费者的需求与商人试图最大化其利润的欲望和个人想最大化其收入效用的欲望相结合，一起决定了什么应该被制造，以及资源如何被用来制造它们。
英语专四阅读长难句翻译(10)
英语专四阅读长难句翻译 (10) 2. The result of attrition is that, where the areas of the whole leaves follow a normal distribution, a bimodal distribution is produced,one peak composed mainly of fragmented pieces,the other of the larger remains.3. The Bible does not tell us how the Roman census takers made out, and as regards our more immediate concern, the reliability of present day economic forecasting,there are considerable difference of opinion.4. A survey conducted in Britain confirmed that an abnormally high percentage of patients suffering from arthritis of the spine who had been treated with X rays contracted cancer.5. Yet across the gulf of space, minds that are to our minds as ours are to those of the beasts that perish, intellects vast and cool and unsympathetic,regarded this earth with envious eyes,and slowly and surely drew their plans against us.1、根据这一理论，不是由感觉神经脉冲的质量来决定他们产生的各种神经感觉的，而是由他们被发射到大脑的哪一部位来决定的，对这一观点是有证据的。
专四阅读长难句翻译
4、注意你如果不这么做（系安全带）的话，你有可能被告上法庭，而且你有可能被处以罚款除非你能证明你有不带安全带的理由。
5、Taiju Matsuzawa 教授想找出为什么日本北部的健康农民在相对年轻的年龄就显得开始失去思考与推理的能力的原因以及怎样才能延缓老化过程。
1. With a team of colleagues at Tokyo National University, he set about measuring brain volumes of a thousand people of different ages and varying occupations.
4. The findings show in general terms that contraction of the brain begins sooner in people in the country than in the towns.
5. White collar workers doing routine work in government offices are, however, as likely to have shrinking brains as the farm worker, bus driver and shop assistant.
英语专四 The last Emperor原文及翻译
英语专四 The last Emperor原文及翻译The former Prime Minister, Mr. Wentworth Lane, was defeated in the recent elections. He is now retiring from political life and has gone abroad. My friend, Patrick, has always been a fanatical opponent of Mr. Lane's Radical Progressive Party. After the elections, Patrick went to the former Prime Minister's house. When he asked if Mr. Lane lived there, the policeman on duty told him that since his defeat, the ex-Prime Minister had gone abroad. On the following day, Patrick went to the house again. The same policeman was just walking slowly past the entrance, when Patrick asked the same question. Though a little suspicious this time, the policeman gave him the same answer. The day after, Patrick went to the house once more and asked exactly the same question. This time, the policeman lost his temper. 'I told you yesterday and the day before yesterday,' he shouted, 'Mr. Lane was defeated in the elections. He has retired from political life and gone to live abroad!"'I know,' answered Patrick, 'but I love to hear you say it!'参照译文前首相温特沃兹.莱恩先生在最近的大选中被击败。
英语专四翻译语句练习
英语专四翻译语句练习1 Supporters of the Star Wars defense system hope that this would not only protect a nation against an actual nuclear attack, but would be enough of a threat to keep a nuclear war from ever happening2. Neither would it prevent cruise missiles or bombers, whose flights are within the Earth’s atmosphere, from hitting their targets3 Civil rights activists have long argued that one of the principal reasons why Blacks, Hispanics, and other minority groups have difficulty establishing themselves in business is that they lack access to the sizable orders and subcontracts that are generated by large companies.4 During the nineteenth century, she argues, the concept of the “useful” child who contributed to the family economy gave way gradually t o the present day notion of the “useless” child who, though producing no income for, and indeed extremely costly to its parents, is yet considered emotionally “ priceless”.5 Well established among segments of the middle and upper classes by the mid-1800’s, this new view of childhood spread throughout society in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries as reformers introduced child labor regulations and compulsory education laws predicted in part on the assumption that a child’s emotional value made child labor taboo.1星球大战防御系统的撑持者们但愿它不仅能呵护一个蒙受核抨击袭击的国家，也但愿它能成为使核抨击袭击永不贰生的足够威胁。
常用政治术语的英文翻译
专四专八常用政治术语的英文翻译1.马列主义、毛泽东思想、邓小平理论、江泽民“三个代表”重要思想：Marxism-Leninism, Mao Zedong Thought, Deng Xiao-ping Theory, Jiang Zemin “Three Represent's” important Thought2.新民主主义革命：new-democratic revolution3.民族独立和人民解放：national independence and the liberation of the people4. 经济体制改革和政治体制改革：reforms in the economic and political structure5. 社会主义制度：socialist system6.社会变革：social transformation7.建设有中国特色的社会主义事业：the cause of building socialism with Chinesecharacteristics8. 中华民族的伟大复兴：the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation9. 党在社会主义初级阶段的基本理论、基本路线、基本纲领：the basic theory, line andprogram of our Party in the primary stage of socialism10.改革开放政策：the policies of reform and opening to the outside11. 中国共产党十一届三中全会：The Third Plenary Session of the 11th CentralCommittee of the Communist Party of China12.马克思主义政党：Marxist political Party13. 党的第一（第二、第三）代中央领导集体：the collective leadership of the PartyCentral Committee of the first (second/third)generation14.人民民主专政：the people's democratic dictatorship15.国民经济体系：national economic system16.综合国力：aggregate national strength17.国内生产总值：the annual gross domestic product(GDP)18. 独立自主的和平外交政策：an independent foreign policy of peace19. 马克思主义基本原理同中国具体实际相结合：the fundamental principles ofMarxism with the specific situation in China20.加强和改进党的建设，不断增强党的创造力、凝聚力和战斗力，永葆党的生机与活力：strengthen and improve Party building, continuously enhance the creativity,rallying power and combat capability of the Party, and always maintain its vigor and vitality21.“三个代表”就是必须代表中国先进生产力的发展要求，代表中国先进文化的前进方向，代表中国最广大人民的根本利益，是我们党的立党之本、执政之基、力量之源，是我们党始终站在时代前列，保持先进性的根本体现和根本要求。
专四翻译练习
1. One need only ask first-year university students what music they listen to , how much of it and what it means to them, in order to discover that the phenomenon is universal in America, that it begins in adolescence or a bit before and continues through the college years.2. They start, like the pharisee in the parable , by thanking God that the are not as other men are, and proceed to paint a picture of those other men, hardly more flattering than that which Swift painted of the Yahoos.3. Each time the dream was a promise out of our ancient articles of faith, phrases from the constitution, lines from the great anthem of the nation, guarantees from the Bill of Rights, all ending with a vision that they might one day all come true4. For many the day seemed an adventure, a long outing in the late summer sun—part liberation from home, part Sunday school picnic, part political convention, and part fish fry.5. It may not “look to it” at once, since it is looking to so many things, but it will be a long time before it forgets the melodious(悦耳的) and melancholy (忧郁的) voice of the Rev. Dr. Martin Luther Jr., crying out his dreams to the multitude(大众).1. He enjoys the liberties hard won over centuries by the alliance of philosophic genius and political heroism, consecrated by the blood of martyrs (烈士) ; he is provided with comport and leisure by the most productive economy ever known to mankind; science has penetrated the secrets of nature in order to provide him with the marvellous, life like electronic sound and image reproductions he is enjoying.2. Each highbrow did and does congratulate himself on being unique in his unlikeness to other men; and conversely each lowbrow now congratulate himself on being in some mystical way unique in his likeness—on being, so to say, outstandingly average and extraordinarily ordinary.3. As for the lowbrows' claim to be specially "human", I for one have never been able to understand why it should be "inhuman" to use the faculties that distinguish us from pigs and geese and "human" to use those which we share with the lower animals.4. There is no disputing, says the proverb, about taste—though, in fact, human beings spend at least half their leisure doing nothing else—and if highbrowism and lowbrowism were exclusively ( as it is certain that they are in great part) matters of individual taste, there would be no more to say about them than what I have said in the preceding lines.5. Thus I desire a great deal less pleasure from jazz and thrillers than from the music, let us say, of Beethoven(贝多芬) or the novels, for example, of Dostoievsky; and the sex appeal of the girls on the covers of magazines seems to me less thrilling than the more complicated appeal to a great variety of feelings made by a Rubens, an EI Greco, a Constable, a Seurat.一、不合习惯的说法不同的民族有不同的习惯和表达方法。
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专业英语四级翻译指导:英译汉需注意问题一、不合习惯的说法不同的民族有不同的习惯和表达方法。
一句话，一个词，在一个国家表达的是好意，引起人们好的联想和情感，在另一个国家转达的可能是坏意，引起人们不好的联想和情感。
如果翻译不注意，就有可能引起误解或不快。
而如果我们注意这些差异，在译文中加以运用，就可以收到较好的效果。
在翻译不涉及政治、经济等重要问题，只涉及生活习惯、日常用语时，可以更灵活些，按照译入语的习惯说法表达意思。
1、见面问候中国人见面时喜欢问：吃过了吗? Have you had breakfast(lunch, supper)?到哪去?Where areyougoing?这都不是外国人在见面问候时会问的问题。
如果见面就问外国人“到哪里”，人家会以为你要了解人家的私事，对你会产生反感。
外国人喜欢问：“你好吗?”这句话可以有不少表达方法，如How are you? How do you do ?How have you been doing?Hello!Hey!等。
用哪一句来表达你的问候，取决于你与被问候人的关系密切程度。
总之，这一类的问候语，直译可能会让人感到莫名其妙，还是按外国人的习惯翻译较好。
2、对病人的问候中国人喜欢对病人深表同情。
但外国人则轻易不愿表现出其弱的一面，对他们表达过分同情的话未必会收到好的效果。
例如：中国人在听说一个人生病后可能会说：得知贵体欠佳，深感不安和关切。
直译：I was rather disturbed by and concerned about yourillness.但这样翻译会使感到病情很重，只能加重病人的顾虑，达不到安慰病人的目的。
按照英文的表达习惯，可译为：I am sorry tohear about your illness and wish you a speedyrecovery.这样翻译既表达了讲话者的难过心情，又表达了希望病人尽快康复的愿望。
3、对待他人的表扬和感谢在受到表扬或感谢时，中国人往往比较谦虚，会说：“这没什么。
”“这是我应该做的。
”或者，“哪里，哪里，我还做得很差。
”如果直译：It isnothing. This is my duty. This is what I should do. Well, I have notdone very well. There is still much to beimproved.所有这些谦恭的话，在外国人听起来，都会显得做作。
西方人通常会说：It’s my pleasure.Thank you for your kind words. I feel flattered.翻译这些话时，宜根据西方的习惯来译。
4、迎接外宾时中国人迎接远道而来的客人时常常会说：“一路上辛苦了。
累不累?”You must have been tiredafter thelongflight(journey)而外国人喜欢在别人面前显得年轻、有朝气，不喜欢被人认为体弱，或有疲劳感。
因此，上述问候话直译效果不好，可译成：How was the flight? Have you had a pleasant flight?或者You have had along flight.二、不够委婉的语气有时有人讲话比较直率、唐突，直译可能会使人感到不太客气，甚至会失礼。
译员应学习委婉说法，在翻译时把握好语气。
但为外交斗争需要而使用针锋相对的语言除外。
例1 中国可作为贵国资源性产品的稳定市场，同时中国的许多工业产品可满足贵国市场的需要。
直译：Your resource-based products can find a stable market in China andChinese industrial products can meet the needs of yourmarket.这么直译也许会让人担心，以为我们的工业品要去占领他们的市场。
同样的意思可以翻得更客气一些。
如：You may find astable market in China for your primary products and may also get anumber of industrial products from China to meet some of your needs.例2 我想向大家介绍一下你们所关心的经济问题。
直译：I wish to talk on China’s economic development in which you are interested.这样翻译，显得讲话者太肯定听众会对他所讲内容感兴趣。
尽管讲话者知道听众是有兴趣的，但说得客气一点效果更好。
可译为：I would liketo brief you on China’s economic development, which might be ofinterest to you.另外，我们打交道的人大多是上层人士，我们必须学会使用礼貌文雅的语言，否则，会产生距离、反感，从而失去朋友，有损我形象。
1974年，加拿大“白求恩纪念委员会”访华代表团中有一位团员对我接待官员说，我方翻译像警察，原因是那天早晨，翻译到他房间对他说：Youhave breakfast at 8, get your luggage downstairs at 8:30 and leave herefor the airport at 9.OK?语言简单、生硬、不礼貌，给外宾留下了不好的印象。
建议对外宾说：Breakfast is at8. Would you please get your luggage downstairs at 8:30?we are going toleave here for the airport at 9.曾有一位女翻译招呼外宾时，大声喊叫“Hello”而不知道说："Excuse me"，在宣布事情时总是：Attentionplease.而不是说：Ladies and Gentlemen, may I have your attentionplease.结果一位外宾对此感到不快，说：I don’t want to talk to that wildgirl.要人帮忙时，我们时常会说：你能告诉我到×××地方怎么走吗?你能说英语吗?等。
如果英文译成：Can you tell me howto get to……?Can you speakEnglish?那将是很不客气的问话。
对方会以为你怀疑他的能力。
因为英文字can表示能力。
如果改为could,含义就不同了。
可以译为：Couldyou please tell me how to get……? Do you speakEnglish?一个陌生人问你如何去某地时，你很可能传说：“最好坐公共汽车去。
”如将这句话译为You’d better take abus,听起来不够礼貌。
因为You’d better……这个句型含有You have a duty to do something,或Youhave an obligation to…的意思。
是一种命令语气，常用于晚辈或下属。
因此，这样翻译不够礼貌。
这句话有许多客气的表达方法。
如：I suggest you take a bus.It might be better to take a bus.Perhaps you might like to take a bus.Why not take a bus?I think the best way is by bus.总之，我们翻译工作者必须学会礼貌用语，委婉表达法。
中国驻悉尼总领事段津在谈到对外往的沟通艺术时曾介绍了一些礼貌用语。
如：在对别人的意见表示不同看法时可以说：I have t o disagree with you, but I would think…或者Well, there’s apoint in what you said, but …对某件事表示不同意见时，可以说：Would it not be betterif…请别人帮忙时，可以说：Could you do me a favour, 或者Excuse me ,I have aproblem,…等等。
在绝别人要求时，可以说：I am afraid it doesn’t work.或者I wonder whetherit will work, but I’ll try my best.一些学识渊博、经验丰富的外交官非常善于使用委婉客气的语气来表达不同意见。
譬如，一个外国代表团在一次国际会议上，是这样对一个国际会议领导职位侯选人的提名表示不同意见的。
他说："As an experienced Minister with a distinguished record of service,we are confident that he has all the attributes to be an outstandi ngpresident of this Conference…but I have to place before you some of thereservations that we have about this nomination. If I may, I will sharewith you some of our concerns. Such a presidency will be misread bythose outside the ILO as signaling that…”可以译为：他是一位有经验的部长，并做出了出色的成绩。
我们相信，他完全具有条件，可以成为一个杰出的会议主席。
但是，我不是不陈述我们对于这一提名的保留意见。
请允许我向你们谈谈我们所关注的一些问题。
这一主席的提名会被国际劳工组织以外的人误解为发出一个……的信号。
”这位团长既清楚地表达了反对意见，但又讲得非常委婉、客气。
这些表达方法很值得我们学习、借鉴。
三、动词使用不当英语动词往往有其特定的用法。
如不熟悉，就会出错。
以下仅举两例来说明动词的不同形态、类型。
例1 Welcome中文中经常会出现，“欢迎某人做某事”的句子，按中文语序翻译这样的句子，往往会出现中式英文。
北京长安街两个大饭店门前大牌子上有两条表示欢迎的大标语：“北京欢迎您”、“国际饭店欢迎您”。
同时又用英语书写了这两条标语的意思：Beijing Is Waiting for You (北京正等着您)和International Hotel WelcomesYou.中国民航赠送的挎包上曾印有中、英文的欢迎词：欢迎乘坐中国民航，Welcome you to flyCAAC.英语中的“欢迎”通常使用"welcome"这个词。