高中英语介词讲义
2023届高考英语语法知识：常用介词考点分析讲义
2023年高中英语语法知识精讲：常用介词考点分析一、shoot to, shoot at 及其他有网友问：在语法书和教辅书上，读到有关shoot to和shoot at 的区别，都说shoot to用于距离远、体积大的物体；shoot at用于距离近、体积小的物体。
请问，是这样的吗？这种说法很牵强，属于只看到现象，未触及本质。
用shoot to 还是shoot at与物体的远、近、大、小，没有直接的关系。
以下是我的理解和看法：shoot作“射击”讲，既是及物动词，也是不及物动词。
及物时表示“射中”，如：shoot the tiger（射中老虎）；不及物时，跟不同介词搭配有不同的含义，例如：shoot at the wolf 朝着狼射击shoot to the woods 朝着森林方向射击shoot into the house 朝房内射击通过比较，我们发现：shoot本身没有变化，差别就在于，不同的介词有不同的含义。
at 表示“目标”;to表示“方向”;into表示“朝…….里面（有容积的物体）”。
所以，它们的区别与射击目标的“远、近、大、小”没有直接关系。
比方说，“朝着东方射击”，就用shoot to，因为to 表示“方向”，这时不能用at;wolf是目标就用at，但woods用at 就不合适。
类似的用法，也适应于look，point等词，请读者仔细体味：look at the blackboard （看黑板）look to the west（向西看）look into the water（向水里望去）point at the picture （指着图片）point to the wall （朝墙的方向指去）point into the sky（向空中指去）during the night与in the night的区别有朋友在本站“答疑中心”询问 during the night 与 in the night 的用法区别。
高中英语介词讲义
高中英语语法——介词一.常见高频介词的用法：1.against(1.)表示方位：“逆；靠着，倚靠；碰着，撞击”Birds fly slowly__________ the wind.Tired, Jim was fast asleep with his back _____________ a big tree.He often stands___________ the fence and talks endlessly with my father about gardening.The girl was leaning ___________ the wall with her arms folded.(2.)表示态度：“反对；对着；违背”They got married____________her parents’ wishes.Scientists are racing_____________ time in order to find a cure for cancer as soon as possible.The invention of artifical hearts marked a turning point in the battle___________ heart disease.An agreement seems to be impossible because the majority of the committee members are ____________ it.(3.)表示对比：“以……为背景；衬托，相应”：The skier’s red clothes stood out clearly __________the snow.Before selecting the curtain for your newly-decorated house, it’s more important to know what colors look great___________ the wall paper.Flowers look better___________ green leaves.(4.)“防备；对抗”：We will be competing __________ the best companies in Europe.Some animals store food___________ the winter.They don’t believe its goal is to defend____________ possible missile attacks from rogue countries.2.as(1.)“作为；当作”I feel that one of my duties__________ a teacher is to help the students to become better learners.New York City, also known___________Big Apple, becomes one of the world’s great business and cultural centers.__________ an eight-year-old boy, I spent most of that afternoon sitting in the shade while they sweated in the sunshine. (2.)习惯用语：as for; as to至于；关于_________ for me, I don’t mind going there by train._________ for the selection of business media, would you like to share some thoughts with us?3.at(1.)表示“处于...状态”Europe was_________peace for the first time in ten years after the wars. After a rather hard time, people couldlive________ at last. (注意：in peace“平静地、安静地”=peacefully; at peace处于和平状态)The two countries are _________ war.(2.)表示“在...时刻、钟点、岁”Children begin schooling___________ the age of five.The two brothers decided to leave _________ midnight, for they had many miles to cover.The advertisement said that a suitable house in a quiet area was up for sale___________ a reasonable price(3.)表示速度、价格、比率:“以...”The population of the world is growing_________ a surprising rate.Gary must have driven_________ the speed of 80 miles an hour just now, for which he was given a ticket by a policeman.(4.)表示目标、方向:“对、向、朝”，这类动词有：laugh, come, aim, pointHe aimed_______ the target.I stared __________everything as if I were looking for the first time.My uncles immediately jumped up and shot their arrows ________ the bird.(5.)表示“应...请求、号召、邀请”We came to Beijing_________ the invitation of my good friend who has been woeking here for three years.(6.)习惯用语：“at+名词短语”：表示“一...就...”at the sight of...一看见...就... at the sound of...一听到...就... at the thought/ ideaof...一想起...就... at the news of ...一得到...的消息,就...The girl cried _________ the sight of her mother.The terrible king’s wish was that all the people would shake in fear_________ the sound of his order.People in love with each other may feel empty and sick___________ the thought of not being together.4.beyond(1.)表示程度:“超出，非……所能及”To be acknowledged as the first to receive this honor is_____________ expression in words for me.You really nee d to pay a visit to Shanghai since you haven’t been there for years, and you will find changes there are_____________ imagination.We must read not only between the lines, but sometimes__________ the lines so that we can fully understand the writer. (2.)表示时间:“过了，比...晚，迟于……”He delayed the matter ________ the fixed time.He came home__________ the usual time.(3.)表示位置：“在……另一边，在……更远处”The woods go for about two miles ___________ the river. 这片森林伸展到河那边大约两英里。
高中英语介词知识点
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高考英语 介词及介词短语
near 表示相对的“近”，实际距离可能还很远。如： The small child was afraid to go near the dog. 那小孩子不敢靠近那条狗。 by 和 beside 都表示“靠近”，实际距离可能不是很 近，beside 比by更具体表示“在……旁边”。如： She was standing beside her mother. 她正站在她母亲旁边。
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but 表示排除，多与 nobody, none, no one, nothing, anything, everyone, all, who 等连用，其后可以接不定式；
except for 表示“只是，只不过”，常在说明基本情况 后，从细节上加以修正。except for 的宾语在句中无同类语；
apart from 表示“此外，除……之外”，相当于 besides, as well as; 表示“撇开……来说，除掉”，相当于 except for；
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in addition to 表示“除……之外还有……”，相当于 besides。如：
Apart from going shopping, the old lady likes walking after dinner except when it rains.
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(2)on 表示具体的某一天及其早、中、晚。如： on May 1st, on Monday, on a cold night in January, on a fine morning 等。 (3)at 表示在一个时间点上。指某一时刻或较短暂的时 间，也泛指圣诞节，复活节等。如： at 3：20, at this time of year, at Christmas, at night, at this moment 等。
高中英语知识点归纳介词的常见搭配和固定用法
高中英语知识点归纳介词的常见搭配和固定用法介词是英语中的一类虚词，它在句子中主要用来指示名词或代词与其他语言成分之间的关系。
正确地使用介词可以提高语言表达的准确性和流畅性。
本文将对高中英语中常见的介词搭配和固定用法进行归纳介绍。
一、表示时间的介词搭配和固定用法1. at: 表示具体的某一时间点，如at 7 o'clock（7点钟），at noon （中午）等。
2. in: 表示较长的时间段，如in the morning（早上），in the afternoon（下午），in winter（冬天）等。
3. on: 表示某一具体的日期、星期或节日，如on May 1st（五月一日），on Monday（星期一），on Christmas（圣诞节）等。
4. for: 表示一段时间的持续，如for two hours（两个小时），for a week（一周）等。
5. during: 表示在一段时间内，如during the summer vacation（暑假期间），during the meeting（在会议期间）等。
二、表示地点的介词搭配和固定用法1. in: 表示在某个大的区域范围内，如in China（在中国），in the room（在房间里）等。
2. on: 表示在某个较小的平面或曲面上，如on the table（在桌子上），on the ground（在地上）等。
3. at: 表示在某个具体的点上，如at the bus stop（在公交车站），at the cinema（在电影院）等。
4. to: 表示朝向某个地点或方向，如go to school（去学校），look to the future（展望未来）等。
三、表示原因和目的的介词搭配和固定用法1. because of: 表示因为某个原因，如because of the rain（因为下雨），because of his hard work（因为他的努力）等。
高中英语语法专题3介词与介词短语课件
例1: _____ his old age, he is healthy enough.
• Considered B. To consider • C. Considering D. consider ( C )
• 例2: _____ his support, I think we will win
(C)
A.C. from; with whom D. in; who
解题指导：对于介词与其他词的搭配，除了掌 握一些常见的搭配外，要善于从句中找出搭配 形式，特别是分割开了的搭配形式；要注意还 原短语，选出需用的介词。
热点8 分词形式的介词
此类介词常考的有：considering（就……而 论）; given（如果有……,考虑到……）; including（包括）; concerning（关于）。
(A)
热点2 with, by, in表示“用” with通常指“用”具体的或有形的工具、器官等。 有时也表示“用”某种手段、音调等。 by表示“用”方式、手段等，后面常接动名词， 后接名词时，该名词前一般不加修饰语。 in指“用”语言、字体、墨水、体裁、方式、风 格、现金、顺序等。
例：Please wait for me here. I’ll be back ____ 20 minutes, that is, ____ two o’clock.
例1：____ fire, all exits must be kept clear.
A. In place ofΒιβλιοθήκη B. Instead of
C. In case of
D. In spite of ( C )
例2：I have offered to paint the house ____
高考高中英语核心语法详解 介词
高考高中英语核心语法详解介词第一节基础知识1. 定义从字“介”上理解，介词是一种媒介，是桥梁，主要用于交代其所连接的前后两部分的关系。
从狭义角度讲，介词也可以说是动词的替身。
介词的用法就是放在名词前面、与名词（称为它的宾语）共同构成一个意义单元、称为介宾短语，当作修饰语使用。
介宾短语可以当形容词或副词使用。
2.介词的分类依据介词后面是否有宾语，分为介系词和介副词。
3.介系词主要是指后面可以接宾语的介词，由此构成介宾短语，介词后面的宾语主要是以名词性质的词来做。
例：in trouble 陷入麻烦on the table 在桌子上Bob is in trouble. 鲍勃陷入麻烦。
A red apple is on the table. 一个红苹果放在桌子上了。
4.介副词后面没有宾语，而是直接当副词使用。
Come in. 进来！The soldier stood up. 那名士兵站起来了。
5. 介副词和介词共同使用Mary went down to the basement. 玛丽去了地下室。
down 是介副词，后面没有宾语、直接修饰动词went；to 是介系词，后接名词词组the basement 当宾语、构成一个介词词组to the basement；went 看作不及物动词，后接介词to,再加宾语the basement；He has gone over to your office.over 是介副词，直接修饰动词has gone；to 是介词，后接名词词组your office 当宾语，构成一个介词词组to your office；gone看作不及物动词，后接介词to,再加宾语your office；第二节介系词在短语层面的应用介系词加宾语构成介宾短语后，主要出现在后修饰位置，其作用是交代中心词与其后的宾语之间的关系。
此时介宾短语也可视为形容词的性质。
例：a.2000 entry into the World Trade Organization2000年加入世贸b.an important earner of foreign exchange 赚取外汇的重要来源c. a boom in exports 出口增长第三节介系词在句子层面的应用1. 前状/后状：With the warm weather, the trees grow very well. 天气暖和，树木生长的很好！Kill two birds with one stone. 一石二鸟/一举两得。
【高中英语】高中英语：介词的主要用法讲解
【高中英语】高中英语：介词的主要用法讲解1、介词的主要用法：介词是虚词，不能单独使用。
在介词之后，通常有一个名词或代词（宾语）或其他词类、短语或分句相当于一个名词作为宾语，构成一个介词短语。
有些介词是由两个以上单词组成的短语介词，如outof、becauseof、awayfrom、ontopof、everfash、nextto、accounto、infontof等。
2、介词的分类表：(见下表)位置（位置、范围）介词：在前面、前后、对面、后面、对角、靠近、沿着中间、围绕在四周、在四周、在前、在后、在后、在旁边、在中间、在下、下、下、从内、内、内、近、其中，上、外、外、上、下、上、上、上、下、前、近、中、中、候的结束。
方向(目标趋向)介词：across横越...,against对抗...,along沿着...,around绕着...,round环绕...,at朝着...,behind向…后面,etween…and…从…到...,by路过/通过...,down向…下,for向...,from从/离...,in进入...,into进入...,inside到...里面,near接近...,off脱离/除...,on向...上,outof向...外,outside向....外,over跨过...,past经过/超过...,through穿过...,to向/朝...,towards朝着...,onto到...上面,onto到...上面,up向...上,awayfrom远离...时间介词：About，After，at，before，by，until，interval，for，from，in；之后（多久），在（某一天），过去。
（小时），因为。
（到目前为止），通过。
（句号），直到。
，直到直到（到下一刻），从那时起，在开始的时候，Atdidof在结尾，在中间，在时间的中间。
方式介词：as作为/当作...,by用/由/乘坐/被...,in用…(语言),like与…一样,on骑(车)/徒(步),通过(收音机/电视机),over通过(收音机),through通过...,with用(材料),用(手/脚/耳/眼),without没有…涉及介词：关于，除了For/关于。
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高中英语语法——介词一.常见高频介词的用法：1.against(1.)表示方位：“逆；靠着，倚靠；碰着，撞击”Birds fly slowly__________ the wind.Tired, Jim was fast asleep with his back _____________ a big tree.He often stands___________ the fence and talks endlessly with my father about gardening.The girl was leaning ___________ the wall with her arms folded.(2.)表示态度：“反对；对着；违背”They got married____________her parents’ wishes.Scientists are racing_____________ time in order to find a cure forcancer as soon as possible.The invention of artifical hearts marked a turning point in thebattle___________ heart disease.An agreement seems to be impossible because the majority of thecommittee members are ____________ it.(3.)表示对比：“以……为背景；衬托，相应”：The skier’s red clothes stood out clearly __________the snow.Before selecting the curtain for your newly-decorated house, it’s more important to know what colors look great___________ the wall paper. Flowers look better___________ green leaves.(4.)“防备；对抗”：We will be competing __________ the best companies in Europe.Some animals store food___________ the winter.They don’t believe its goal is to defend____________ possible missile attacks from rogue countries.2.as(1.)“作为；当作”I feel that one of my duties__________ a teacher is to help the students to become better learners.New York City, also known___________Big Apple, becomes one of theworld’s great business and cultural centers.__________ an eighty earo ld boy, I spent most of that afternoon sitting in the shade while they sweated in the sunshine.(2.)习惯用语：as for; as to至于；关于_________ for me, I don’t mind going there by train._________ for the selection of business media, would you like to share some thoughts with us?3.at(1.)表示“处于...状态”Europe was_________peace for the first time in ten years after the wars. After a rather hard time, people could live________ at last. (注意：in peace“平静地、安静地”=peacefully; at peace处于和平状态)The two countries are _________ war.(2.)表示“在...时刻、钟点、岁”Children begin schooling___________ the age of five.The two brothers decided to leave _________ midnight, for they had many miles to cover.The advertisement said that a suitable house in a quiet area was up for sale___________ a reasonable price(3.)表示速度、价格、比率:“以...”The population of the world is growing_________ a surprising rate.Gary must have driven_________ the speed of 80 miles an hour just now, for which he was given a ticket by a policeman.(4.)表示目标、方向:“对、向、朝”，这类动词有：laugh, come, aim, point He aimed_______ the target.I stared __________everything as if I were looking for the first time.My uncles immediately jumped up and shot their arrows ________ the bird.(5.)表示“应...请求、号召、邀请”We came to Beijing_________ the invitation of my good friend who has been woeking here for three years.(6.)习惯用语：“at+名词短语”：表示“一...就...”at the sight of...一看见...就... at the sound of...一听到...就... atthe thought/ ideaof...一想起...就...at the news of ...一得到...的消息,就...The girl cried _________ the sight of her mother.The terrible king’s wish was that all the people would shake in fear_________ the sound of his order.People in love with each other may feel empty and sick___________ the thought of not being together.4.beyond(1.)表示程度:“超出，非……所能及”To be acknowledged as the first to receive this honor is_____________ expression in words for me.You really need to pay a visit to Shanghai since you haven’t been there for years, and you will find changes there are_____________ imagination.We must read not only between the lines, but sometimes__________ the lines so that we can fully understand the writer.(2.)表示时间:“过了，比...晚，迟于……”He delayed the matter ________ the fixed time.He came home__________ the usual time.(3.)表示位置：“在……另一边，在……更远处”The woods go for about two miles ___________ the river. 这片森林伸展到河那边大约两英里。
The small villiage is 20 miles_________ the town. 那个小村庄在离城20英里以外的地方。
5.by(1.)表示方法、手段：“靠、用、通过”You can reserve tickets __________ phone. 你可以通过电话订票。
He makes a living_________ selling newspapers.This kind of work is done_______hand/machine. 这种工作是手工/机器做的。
——What do you mean __________saying “the boy is overgrowing?”——I mean that he is tall_______ his age.(2.)表示标准、度量、数量:根据,按照,以……计算,常用结构“by＋the＋计量名词或by＋un.(weight/length/width/depth/volume)”Parcel post is charged _________ weight and mileage, without reference to contents.包裹邮递按重量和路程收费,不管所装何物。
Meat is sold________ the pound. They are paid_________ the hour.(3.)“经过、经由”If you really have to leave during the meeting, you’d better leave___________ the back door.He walked right _________ me without even saying hello.他径直从我身边走过，甚至连招呼都不打。