牛津上海版高二年级英语第一学期话题阅读(一)society and life(有答案)
牛津上海版高二年级英语第一学期话题阅读(一)work and career(有答案)
话题阅读（一）Work and Career（A）A busy manager and a factory worker have the same leisure problem: how to find the time and energy after a long, tiring day to come to life as human being and live their lives. They have very little spare time in which to be themselves and not enough energy left at the end of the day to be 1 , mentally or physically active or creative.When their hours of work are suddenly and severely reduced, both men have a different leisure problem: how t~ fill the time that was previously 2 by work. they are now free to do all the things they always thought they wanted to do. After a period of adjustment, they 3 golf and cocktail parties or fishing and gardening, according to their taste, and are then considered to have solved the leisure problem. In fact, they may have done nothing of the kind. They may now be spending part of their time doing things which bore them instead of things which 4 exhaust them. They may be following their different leisure activities not because these are theactivities that have always 5 them but simply because social conventions ( 习俗) suggest that they are suitable ways for managers or factory workers to spend their non-working hours.If they lose their jobs altogether, both men have a great increase in leisure. Indeed, all the time they previously spent working is now leisure time. Yet they are then not said to have a leisure problem, but a work problem. They have this problem even when savings or a pension gives them a (n) 6 income so that the earning of money is not important for 7 survival. They have a work problem not only because there is in most men a practical need to earn a living.There is also a psychological need to be a (n) 8 member of society, doing something to earn the respect of other people, and a need to be doing something which 9 self-respect.1-5. G FCBE 6-9. DHIJ（B）When we think of leadership, we often think of strength and power. But what are these really, and how do they operate?1. A.asking B.forcing C.telling D.making2. A.unsatisfactory B.interesting C.unwanted D.wonderful3. A.long-term B.future C.society D.end4. A.willing B.reluctant C.continue D.unable5. A.help B.associate C.provide D.avoid6. A.really B. most C.less D.more7. A.freely B. efficiently pletely D.successfully8. A.strength B. authority C.pressure D.emotion9. A.devoted B. reluctant C.attracted D.interested10. A.positive B. favorite C.natural D.peaceful11. A.go on B. work C.do D.carry on12. A.satisfactory B. helpful eful D.important13. A.that B. those C.one D.all14. munication B. friendship C.relationship D.leadership15. A.key B. answer C.solution D.foundation1-5. BCADB 6-10. CBDAA 11-15. BDBCA（C）As is known to all, the organization and management of wages and salaries are very complex. Generally speaking, the Accounts Department is responsible for calculations of pay, while the Personnel Department is interested in discussions with the employees about pay.If a firm wants to adopt a new wage and salary structure, it is essential that the firm should decide on a method of job evaluation and ways of measuring the performance of its employees. In order to be successful, that new pay structure will need agreement between Trade Unions and employers.In job evaluation, all of the requirements of each job are defined in a detailed job description. Each of those requirements is given a value, usually in "points", which are added together to give a total value for the job. For middle and higher management, a special method is used to evaluate mangers on their knowledge of the job, their responsibility, and their ability to solve problems. Because of the difficulty in measuring management work, however, job grades for managers are often decided without reference to an evaluation system based on points.In attempting to design a pay system, the Personnel Department should compare the value of each job with those in the job market. It should also consider economic factors such as the cost of living and the labor supply.It is necessary that payment for a job should vary with any differences in the way that thejob is performed. Where it is simple to measure the work done, as in the work done with thehands, monetary encouragement schemes are often chosen, for indirect workers, where measurement is difficult, methods of additional payments are employed.Word BankPersonnel Department 人事部scheme n. 计划1. Methods of additional payments are adopted for indirect workers because ______________ .A. their work is not so important as that of other workersB. they do not get good wagesC. the measurement of their work is difficultD. the company does not have enough money2. In designing a new pay system, affirm should consider _____________besides comparing the value of each job with values in the job market.A. the way of evaluating management workB. the method of calculating the payC. the requirements of each jobD. the labor supply and the cost of living3. Which of the following statements is true?A. In every company only the Accounts Department is involved in the management of wages and salaries.B. The method of evaluating higher management work is the same as that of evaluating the job done by workers.C. If a job is performed differently, the payment for the job should be different too.D. In most cases, career promotion and pay increase are determined only by the agreementbetween Trade Union and employers.4. The main purpose of this passage is to____________ .A. give details about the responsibilities of both the Accounts Department and the Personnel DepartmentB. tell readers how a firm can succeed in adopting a new pay systemC. explain how the performance of a job can be measured in pointsD. convince readers that management work is more difficult to evaluate than the work done by workers1-4. CDCB（D）Real policeman hardly recognize any resemblance between their lives and what they see on TV—if they ever get home in time. There are similarities, of course, but the cops don't think much of them.The first difference is that a policeman's real life revolves round the law.Most of his training is in criminal law. He has to know exactly what actions are crimes and what evidence can be used to prove them in court. He has to know nearly as much law as a professional lawyer and what is more, he has to apply it on his feet, in dark and rain, running down an alley after someone he wants to talk to.Little of his time is spent in chatting to scantily-clad ladies of in dramatic confrontations with desperate criminals. He will spend most of his working life typing millions of words on thousands of forms about hundreds of sad, unimportant people who are guilty—or not—of stupid, petty crimes.Most television crime drama is about finding the criminal: as soon as he? s arrested, the story is over. In real life, finding criminals is seldom much of a problem. Except in very serious cases like murders and terrorists attacks-where failure to produce results reflects on the standing of the police-little is spent on searching.Having made an arrest, a detective really starts to work. He has to prove his case in court and to do what he often had to gather a lot of different evidence. So, as well as being overworked, a detective has to be out at all hours of the day and night interviewing his witness and persuading them, usually against their own best interests, to help him.Word Bankresemblance n. 相似evidence n. 证据5. It is essential for a policeman to be trained in criminal law .A. so that he can catch criminals in the streetB. so that he can justify his arrest in courtC. because many of the criminals he has to catch are dangerousD. because he has to know nearly as much as a professional lawyer6. When murders and terrorist attacks occur the police.A. prefer to wait for the criminal to give himself awayB. spend a lot of effort in trying to track down their manC. try to make a quick arrest in order to keep up tear reputationD. usually fail to produce results7. Which of the following is true according to the passage?A. Generally the detective's work is over once the arrest has been made.B. People are usually willing to give evidence.C. Policemen and detectives spend little time at the type-writer.D. Policemen feel that the image of their live shown on TV is not accurate.8. Which of the following could be a suitable title for the passage?A. Policemen and Detective.B. The Reality of Being a Detective.C. Detective's Life—Fact and Fantasy.D. Drama and Reality.5-8. BBDC（E）We believe that there is more to education than preparation for a job. Children must be prepared for all aspects of their adult life work, leisure, personal relationships, creative activities, dealing with money matters, independence, parenthood.Nevertheless, it would unrealistic to provide an education which took no account of the needs of employers.What type of training does the business world regard as important?Many young people applying for jobs were, in the employers' opinions, very weak in the basic skills of handwriting, grammar and spelling. Though additional education at university levelimproved the student's general ability, a report states, "In basic skills the standards remained stubbornly low."It is doubtful whether standards have declined in recent years. What is certain is that employers do not believe the standard is now high enough. Do technological changes make greater demands upon the students' abilities?We should also remember that the job expectations of young people have increased. The girls who would have once become shop assistants or hairdressers now want to be secretaries. Boys who sought an apprenticeship 20 years ago now desire to an engineering degree. But it is still the same girls and boys with the same degree of ability. No wonder there are problems in reaching the "necessary standards" of the business world.Many employers believed that it was important for teachers to have experience outside the world of college and school. They should work for a while at some other kind of job "to see how the world of business and commerce differs from their own". The teaching profession and society in general needed a greater understanding of manpower needs and therefore of "the desired" direction of the education system.Word Banktake no account of 不考虑apprenticeship n. 学学9. The article mainly talks about.A. no education among young peopleB. meeting the educational requirements of employmentC. the problem of unemploymentD. the weaker standards of education10. In the writer's opinion, education should.A. pay more attention to students' academic abilityB. only meet the needs of employmentC. be suitable to all aspects of being an adult, including employmentD. focus on grammar11. "The same girls and boys" in Para. 6 refer to.A. those who are likely to be unemployedB. those who have just left middle schoolC. those who are looking for jobs far beyond their abilitiesD. those who might have become shop assistants, hairdressers and apprentices in the past.12. It's suggested that teachers should .A. never change their jobsB. spend more time on their school workC. get some work experience outside schoolD. improve their teaching methods9-12. BCDD。
牛津上海版高二年级英语第一学期话题阅读(二)literature and art(有答案)
话题阅读（二）literature and art(A)A debate is spreading in Britain, from the far southern England to the northeast Scotland. The hunt is on to find a motto that sums up the nation in five words.However, there is a small problem. England, Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland are not, in fact, one nation. Britain is a union, and finding a national motto that combines that union is an almost impossible task.What bright person dreamed up this hunt for a motto? British Prime Minister Gordon Brown started the debate: he suggested is as part of a public discussion to determine "the ideals and principles that combine us together as a nation".Newspapers couldn't wait to get the game started. So they asked website readers to submit their own opinions.Some of the best included "No motto please, we're British" and "Mathematically, we could still qualify", a reference to the England football team's recent surprising performances in the European championship qualifiers.The first of these won a Times Online poll. You may wonder what it really means. The suggestion is that British people don't like to make a fuss. They would rather not go to the trouble of having a motto.However, it also suggests that Britain is a place with an established historical and cultural heritage: "We don't need a motto to sum us up and we know who we are, and we have done quite well without one for over 2,000 years, thanks."The second shows British people' s ability to make fun of themselves. The England team's failure to qualify angered a lot of people, but that doesn't mean they can't make a joke about it.The press treated the motto ideas so unkindly that it was abandoned. Yet the debate it set off. While mainly lighthearted, also has a serious side. Britain is worried it is losing its cultural identity.A large number of people arrived in Britain after World War II • The immigrants have a different sense of identity.The question is: how can we redefine Britain to include these people, and make them feel included? This will have to involve serious changing the way communities work and the government operates. People will really have to feel like they can make a difference. Muttering a motto every now and again is not going to make that happen.W ord Bankmotto n. 格言make a fuss 烦恼poll n. 投票mutter v. 念叨A. how the UK hunts for a national mottoB. how the British people react to finding the national mottoC. how media promote the finding of the national mottoD. how a debate about finding a national motto failed10. By saying "No motto please, we're British", the website readers mean that .A. there should be some ideals and principles to tie them togetherB. they would rather not go to the trouble of having a mottoC. the England football team didn't give a surprising performance without the mottoD. the British motto is losing its cultural identity11. We can infer that the people who said "Mathematically, we could still qualify" are .A. seriousB. bitterC. pleasedD. humorous12. The writer seems to think that .A. the motto will help the immigrants to develop their sense of belongingB. the way communities work will make a difference to the mottoC. muttering a motto can't guarantee that people feel includedD. a motto can sum the UK up and help people know who they areBBDC(B)Palmistry, or the art of reading the lines on a person's hand, is thousands of years old. It probably began in ancient India.Most people expect a palmist to tell them about their future. They ask questions like:Shall I be rich and successful? Shall I be famous? Shall I have a long and happy life? They do not ask: Am I a nice person? Am I brave or shy? Am I clever? Am I careful and reliable at work?But this is really what palmistry is about.Of course, there are people who do not believe in palmistry. They call it pseudoscience. But there are other people who believe that palmistry can tell us a lot about a person's talents and personality. Using the lines and other marks on the hand, a palmist is often able to foretell something of a person's future, but only in very general terms. The first thing a professional palmist does is to study the whole hand, its size, shape and texture (Is it smooth or rough?) Next he looks at the fingers, their length and shape and their condition of the fingernails. Finally he will study the lines of the hand. It is these lines that most people want to look at and try to "read".'Clear, strong linesHand lines which are clear and strong indicate a person who is calm, good-tempered and generally contented with life. This sort of person will not get angry quickly and will be cautious about getting involved in anything out of the ordinary. At work, such a person will be careful and reliable.Small lineA lot of small lines on the hand indicate a person who is sensitive and excitable. These people are nervous, get angry quickly and get excited easily. They are often very talented, but sometimes find it difficult to settle in one job. They frequently have a number of different hobbies.The heart lineIf your heart line is strong, you are a warm and affectionate person. If it is weak, then you are probably rather cool. If you have a lot of small lines coming off the heart line, you will have plenty of romance in your life.The head lineIf your head line is strong and clear, you are intelligent and imaginative. You will probably get a good job. However, this does not necessarily mean you will be rich and successful, as other factors are involved, for example, the number of small lines and the line of fate.The life lineIf you have a long life line, you will live a long time. A shorter life line indicates a shorter life.The line of fateStudy this carefully. If it is strong and reaches as far as the middle finger, you will be successful.Word Bankpalmistry n. 手相术pseudoscience n. 迷信13. Palmistry is a kind of .A. treatmentB. fortune-tellingC. medical examinationD. high technology14. Those who believe in palmistry think that palmistry can .A. make you richB. tell whether you will have a long or short lifeC. teach you how to get a high postD. tell you how to avoid accidents15. According to the passage, .A. hand lines which are clear and strong means you are a clever personB. the strong heart line means you are cold-heartedC. a warm person has strong head lineD. a reliable person has clear strong hand lines16. Which of the following statements is NOT true?A. A romantic person may have a lot of small lines coming our of heart line.B. Not everyone believes in palmistry.C. Not everyone has the line of fate.D. A successful person may have a long line of fate.BBDC(C)1.As I travel across China, I hope to learn as much as I can about the Chinese people, your history, and your dreams for the future and I hope to help the Chinese people understand more of America's history, the lessons the American people have drawn from it, and the dreams we hold for the 21st century.2.I believe both Chinese and Americans aspire to many of the same things—to provide for our families, to teach our children, to build our communities, to protect our Earth, to shape our own futures, and pass brighter possibilities on to our children.3.There may be those here and back in America who wonder whether closer ties and deeper friendship between America and China are good. Clearly, the answer is yes. We have a powerful ability to help each other grow. We can learn much from each other. And as two great nations, we have a special responsibility to the future of the world. The steps we take over the next week can lead to far greater strides for our people in the years ahead.4.Here in this city of your magnificent history, we must always remember that we, too, will be ancestors. Someday our children and their children will ask if we did all we could to build just societies and a more peaceful world. Let our monument be their judgment that we did that. Let our progress include all people, with all their differences, moving toward a common destiny.5.Let us give new meaning to the words written in the ancient Book of Rites, what you call the Li Shi: When the great way is followed, all under heaven will be equal. Word BankWord Bankbilateral a. 双边的strive v. 努力CBADF(D)I've been writing for most of my life. The book Writing Without Teachers introduced me to one distinction and one practice that has helped my writing processes tremendously. The distinction is between the creative mind and the critical mind. While you need to employ both to get to a finished result, they cannot work in parallel no matter how much we might like to think so.Trying to criticize writing on the fly is possibly the single greatest barrier to writing that most of us encounter. If you are listening to that 5th grade English teacher correct your grammar while you are trying to capture a fleeting thought, the thought will die. If you capture the fleeting thought and simply share it with the world in raw form, no one is likely to understand. You must learn to create first and then criticize if you want to make writing the tool for thinking that it is.The practice that can help you past your learned bad habits of trying to edit as you write is what Elbow calls "free writing". In free writing, the objective is to get words down on paper non-stop, usually for 15—20 minutes. No stopping, no going back, no criticizing. The goal is to get the words flowing. As the words begin to flow, the ideas will come from the shadows and let themselves be captured on your notepad or your screen.Now you have raw materials that you can begin to work with using the critical mind that you've persuaded to sit on the side and watch quietly. Most likely, you will believe that this will take more time than you actually have and you will end up staring blankly at the pages as the deadline draws near.Instead of staring at a blank start filling it with words no matter how bad. Halfway through your available time, stop and rework your raw writing into something closer to finished product. Move back and forth until you run out of time and the final result will most likely be far better than your current practices.W ord Bankfleeting adj. 稍纵即逝的criticize v. 批评1. When the author says the creative mind and the critical mind "cannot work in parallel"(Para. 1) in the writing process, he means .A.no one can be both creative and criticalB.they cannot be regarded as equally importantC.they are in constant conflict with each otherD.one cannot use them at the same timeA.putting their ideas in raw formB.attempting to edit as they writeC.ignoring grammatical soundnessD.trying to capture fleeting thoughts3. What is the chief objective of the first stage of writing?A.To organize one's thoughts logically.B.To choose an appropriate topic.C.To get one's ideas down.D.To collect raw materials.A.it overstresses the role of the creative mindB.it takes too much time to edit afterwardsC.it may bring about too much criticismD.it does not help them to think clearlyDBCB(E)I was only eight years old when the Second World War ended, but I can still remember something about the victory celebrations in the small town where I lived. We had not suffered much from the war there, though like most children of my age, I was used to seeing bombed houses in the streets and the enormous army lorries passing through. But both at home and at school I had become accustomed to the phrases "before the war" and "when the war's over". "Before the war," apparently, things had been better, though I was too young to understand why,except there had been no bombs then, and people had eaten things like ice cream and bananas, which I had only heard of. When the war was over, we would go back to London, but this meant very little to me. I did not remember what London was like.What I remember now about VE Day was the afternoon and the evening. It was a fine May day. I remember coming home about five o'clock. My father and mother came in about an hour later. After dinner I said I wanted to see the bonfire, so when it got dark my father took me to theend of the street. The bonfire was very high, and some people had collected some old clothes to dress the unmistakable figure with the moustache they had put on top of it. Just as we arrived, theyset light to it. The flames rose and soon covered the "guy". Everyone was cheering and shouting,and an old woman came out of her house with two chairs and threw them on the fire to keep thefire going. I stood beside my father until the fire started to go down, not knowing what to say. Hesaid nothing either. He had fought in the First World War and may have been remembering the endWord Bankbonfire n. 篝火apparently adv. 显而易见的1. Where did the narrator live before the Second World War?A. In a small town.B. In London.C. In Europe.D. In the countryside.2. The unmistakable figure with the moustache most probably represents__________________ .A.someone who died in the warB.someone who had wonC.an imaginary figureD.the most hated person in thewar—Hitler3. The narrator's father ______________.A.had fought in the Second World WarB.may have suffered much during the previous warC.helped build a bonfire on VE DayD.added something to the fire to keep it going too4. By saying " Let's hope that this time it really will be the last one", the father meant thatA.he hoped there would be no more wars in the worldB.he wished the Second World War had not happenedC.he hoped people would not build any more bonfiresD.he wished people would learn many lessons from the war BDBA。
牛津上海英语高二第一学期Unit1reading课件(共33张PPT)
2. Find one word which means “ high cost ”. (Para. 2) expense
3. The tour guide was probably smiling because ________ .
A. they were playing like little children B. he wanted to welcome them to South Korea C. he was happy because the hotel had new guests
2~3 destination & first impression
1 reasons
My skiing holiday
4~5 first ski lesson
7 My plan
6 My progress
scrambled
5. Find two words which mean “ pieces of clothing which you wear for skiing and which cover all of your body ”. (Para. 4) ski suits
6. Find a word which means “ with your side ( and not your fromething ”. (Para. 5)
3. What do you have to wear before start skiing?
4. What will you do when climbing a hill?
牛津上海版高二年级英语第一学期话题阅读(一)trip and journey(有答案)
话题阅读（一）Trips and journey（A）1-5. JCEGH 6-9. AFDB（B）Paris is the capital of the European nation of France. It is also one of the most beautiful and famous cities in the world.Paris is called the City of Light. It is 1 an international fashion center. What stylish women are 2 in Paris will be worn by women 3 the world. Paris is also a famous world center ofeducation. For instance, it is the headquarters of UNESCO, the Unites Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization.The Seine River 4 the city into two parts. Thirty-two bridges 5 this scenic river. The oldest and perhaps most well known is the Pont Neuf, 6 was built in the 16th century. The Sorbonne, a famous university, 7 on the Left Bank (south side) of the river. The beautiful white church Sacre Cceur lies 8 the hill called Montmartre on the Right Bank (north side) of the Seine.There are many other famous places in Paris,9__ the famous museum the Louvre and as well as the cathedral of Notre Dame. However, the most famous landmark in this city 10 the EiffelT ower.Paris is named 11 a group of people 12 the Parisii. They 13 a small village on an island14_ the Seine River about two thousand years ago. This island, called the lede la Cita, is 15 Notre Dame is located. Today around eight million people live in the Paris area.1. A. as well B. also C. too D. as well as2. A. clothing B. putting on C. dressing D. wearing3. A. all over B. whole over C. overall D.over whole4. A. divided B. arranges C. breaks D.classifies5. A. pass B. cross C. cover D.lie6. A. it B. where C. that D.which7. A. is locating B. is located C. locates D.located8. A. on top of B. at top of C. on top D.top of9. A. as such B. such like C. such as D.like such10.A. must be B.can be C.has to be D.need be11.A. behind B.after C.about D.concerning12. A. called B.to be called C.calling D.being called13. A. have built B.had built C.built D.build14.A. among B.in the middle of C.between D.over15. A. in which B.where C.which D.that1-5. BDACB 6-10. DBACA 11-15. BACBB（C）Trip 1 Black Bear CountThere have been fires in this area in the last few years and the Office of the National Park is not sure how many black bears air still living. Some bears have been seen since the fires, and the Office has asked for young people to help count them. The entire trip will last three hours. Bookings necessary.Cost- FreeWhen: May 8Trip 2 Garland ValleyBring your drink and lunch for this walk in a beautiful area of the Blue Mountains. Garland Valley is close to the town of Garland hut is part of the National Park. Many wild animals live in this area, including many rare birds. This is a great walk for bird-lovers. The trip lasts four hours. Bookings necessary.Cost: $15When: May 8, May 15Trip 3 Flashlight AdventurePut on your warm clothes, bring a flashlight and a pair of glasses, and come for a night walk along the Dungog Valley. A guide will lead the tour. Many of the animals you will see on this trip can only been seen at night. The guide will tell you about the lives of the animals you see. Numbers are strictly limited on night trips, so be sure to book early. This walk lasts two and a half hours.Cost: $12When: May 8, May 15, May 22Equipment to be needed:•Please bring enough water and food for all walks.•Wear good walking shoes—no high heels.•Wear a hat for day walks.•Dress warmly for night walks.•Children must be with an adult.•Make sure your flashlight works well and bring extra batteries for night walks.•Follow all instructions from guides during the walks. The mountains are a dangerous place.Bookings:•Bookings for the above trips can be traded by telephone (893-4847) or on the Internet at www. Blue mountain tour. com.Word Bankflashlight n. 电筒1. On which trip might you see animals during the night?A. Black Bear Count.B. Garland Valley.C. Flashlight Adventure.D. None of the trips.2. Which of the following is NOT necessary for the three trips?A. Good walking shoes.B. A pair of glasses.C. Food and water.D. A sleeping-bag.3. What is the best title for the passage?A. Adventure Travel in America.B. Hunting around the Great Mountains.C. Interesting Trips in the East of the USA.D. Discovery Trips in the Blue Mountains.CDD（D）Classic tour-excursion informationLuggageWe ask you to keep luggage down to one medium-size suitcase per person, but a small handbag can also be taken on board the coach.SeatsRequests for particular seats can be made on most coach tours when booking, but since the seat allocations are made on a first-come-first-served basis, early booking is advisable. When bookings are made with us you will be offered the best seats that are available on the coach at that time.Travel DocumentsWhen you have paid your deposit we will send you all the necessary documents and labels,so that you receive them in good time before the coach tour departure date. Certain documents, for example, air or boat tickets, may have to be kept and your driver will issue them to you at the relevant point.Special DietIf you require a special diet you must inform us at the time of booking with a copy of the diet. This will be notified to the hotel or hotels on you coach tour, but on certain coach tours the hotels used are tourist class and while offering value for money within the price range, they may not have the full facilities to cope with special diets. Any extra costs involved must be paid to the hotel by yourself before departure from the hotel.AccommodationMany of our coach tours now include, within the price, accommodation with private facilities, and this will be indicated on the coach tour page. Other coach tours have a limited number of rooms with private facilities which, if available, can be reserved and guaranteed at the time of booking—the supplementary charge shown in the price list will be added to your account.On any coach tour there are only a limited number of single rooms. When a single room is available, a supplementary charge may be needed and this will be shown on the brochure page.Word Bankallocation n. 分配notify v. 通知deposit n. 定金brochure n. 小册子4. If you want to sit at the front of the coach, please .A.ask when you get on the coachB.arrive early on the departure dateC.book your seat well in advanceD.avoid traveling at peak times5. If you need a special diet you should.A.tell the coach company while bookingB.pay extra money while booingrm the hotel when you arriveD.pay for it at the end of the tour6. With every booking Classic Tour guarantees that you will be able to.A.request high quality mealsB.take a piece of small luggage on boarde your own personal bathroomD.see a film if you want toCAB（E）JOIN US FOR A RELAXING HOLIDAY AT PULAU COMBAKAND WIN $50,000!Be the first to visit Pulau Gombak, Singapore's newest tourist attraction located just 300 km west of Sentosa!Pulau Gombak offers you pristine coral beaches; rolling hills covered with exotic vegetation and animal life; dense forests previously uninhabited by man; and refreshing rivers of clear, bluewater. There is something for everyone on the island!Things to Do on the Island•Scuba-diving to explore the beautiful coral beneath the clear offshore waters.•Sun-bathing and swimming in the naturally occurring Lagoons.•A slow, guided nature walk through the dense forest to come face to face with the exotic flora and fauna exclusive to Pulau Gombak.•Indulge in gourmet dishes at the Gombak Inn where all the dishes are prepared by chefs from Italy, France and Turkey.•For the young at heart, there is the Gombak Fire discotheque where you can dance to your heart's content for free!So Come to Join Us NowGo to your nearest Singa Tour Agency and sign up for one of the following tour packages:Individual Package: $ 600 (3 days and 2 nights, inclusive of ferry trip to the island, I buffet dinner meal at the Gombak Inn and a one-time rental of scuba-diving equipment)Family Package (for 4 or less members): $ 1,000 (4 days and 3 nights, inclusive of ferry trip to the island, 1 breakfast meal at the Gombak Inn and 1 half-hour guided nature walk in the forest)For a short promotional period only, we are giving the 5,000th person who signs up with us before 13th November $ 50,000 in cash! So hurry!W ord Bankpristine adj. 原始状态gourmet adj. 美食家的coral n. 珊瑚lagoon n. 泄湖scuba-diving 水下潜水7. People can enjoy the holiday by doing various things on the island except.A.swimming in the naturally occurring lagoonsB.walking through the dense forestC.exploring the coral beneath the clear watersD.cooking fresh seafood on the beach8. How much does the Individual Package cost?A. $600.B. $500.C. $250.D. $1,000.9. How can one win the $ 50,000 cash prize?A.Sign up with Singa Tour Agency immediately.B.One must sign either for the Individual Package or the Family Package.C.If one is the 5,000th person to sign up with Singa Tour Agency before 13th November.D.If one wants to spend a relaxing holiday at Pulau Gombak.DAC。
牛津上海版高二年级英语第一学期话题阅读(二)science and technology(有答案)
话题阅读（二）science and technology(A)What is an insect? Insects of all kinds have existed on earth for millions of years. Sometimes we think of all insects as pests. Human life, however, would have a difficult time continuing without insects, because they pollinate plants and are a food source for many animals. Besides, insects, especially the social ones, are fascinating.One very interesting and useful social insect is the honey bee. Bees are considered social insects because they live and work together. They cooperate and communicate in order to survive. The bee lives in a beehive with other worker bees, and with the queen, who can lay thousands of eggs a day. The worker bees make wax used to create new cells inside the hive. Humans use this valuable beeswax in candles, cosmetics, expensive furniture polish, and other products. They also produce honey, a valuable food for humans (as well as for bees).Another fascinating social insect is the ant. Many types of ants live in colonies underground. There thousands of them build and maintain their "city". They keep it clean and free of enemies. They also cooperate to provide food, sometimes in a manner that looks human. For example, some ants actually raise their own food. One type of ant "farmer" keeps and cares for tiny insects that suck sweet sap from plants. Ant farmers milk them for the sap, just like actual farmers milk cows. The sap is then given as food to young ants and to the queen, whose main duty is to lay eggs. Another type of ant that produces its own food does so by gardening. These farmer ants take pieces of leaves into the colony and chew them up. The soft, chewed up leaves then sprout a fungus that the worker ants use to feed the queen and young ants. There are many other ways that ants cooperate to maintain and protect their colonies.There are also many other kinds of social insects. What makes them all so fascinating is their organization. Although each insect has certain tasks to perform, the entire hive or colony appears to function as one living organism.Word Bankbeehive n. 蜂窝sap n. 汁液sprout v. 涌出beewax n. 蜂蜡13. What does the word "pollinate" probably mean?A. Fertilize.B. Provide.C. Cultivate.D. Harvest.14. What is the reason humans think that beeswax is valuable?A.It can only be found inside of a beehive.B.It provides good food for humans.C.It is used in many helpful products.D.It is a food source for manyanimals.15. The passage is mainly about _________________ .A.different types of insectsB.the differences between bees and antsC.social insects and their featuresD.the differences between insects and pests16. Which of the following is NOT TRUE about bees and ants according to the passage?A.They both are social insects who live and work together.B.They both have their own queens whose main duty is to lay eggs.C.They need to communicate and cooperate so as to survive.D.They are fascinating insects who can raise and produce food.ACCD(B)It seems to be programmed into all of us the desire to be greater, to go further, to break down the boundaries. When we look to the stars, some of us wonder, "How far can we go?" Some scientists say not only will we go far, but we'll go soon.Seem believable? You know, it's not unreasonable to think that you might spend a couple of weeks vacationing in space or, who knows, maybe move on to another planet. I mean, who thought that Nell Armstrong was gonna walk on the moon, right? When he took those first steps, they seemed like real small steps, and if we start moving into another planets on our solar system, there are gonna be in small steps, too, but then, when we look back at the big picture, it's gonna seem like a giant leap.In our ever-shrinking world, it seems there are no more hills to climb, no new oceans to cross. Modern adventures are looking more and more to the heavens as the next explorablefrontier (疆界-).That adventure includes some fantastic ideas. Space hotel projects are in development across the country. Space Island Group of California plans to use empty fuel tanks and a space shuttle (区间内往返的车辆) to build a giant space hotel that will orbit the moon. The hotel could house up to 300 space guests, with a view that would be out of this world.The desire to vacation or adventure in space seems to be realistically within our reach. Is the space of our tomorrow filled with private rockets and space hotels?BEAFD(C)Nicotine(尼古丁) reaches the brain ten seconds after being breathed in. After repeated use, the brain and body become physically dependent on the drug.Smokers develop wrinkles at a younger age. Their teeth and fingers also become stained.Smokers are more likely to get cancer of the mouth than nonsmokers. Tobacco juice damages gums and teeth. Pipe smokers are more likely to get lip cancer. Tobacco smoke irritates the throat and can cause throat cancer. Smoking can make the voice thick and gravelly. It can ruin a singer's voice.Smokers are four times more likely than non-smokers to develop heart disease. Smokingputs stress on the heart and leads to high blood pressure. Smoking damages the air spaces in the lungs, causing "smoker's cough" , a disease that makes breathing difficult. Of those who die from this disease, 85% are smokers. Nicotine increases the production of stomach acid (酸) Smoking is also believed to double the risk of cancer of the digestive system.1. What is the effect of the repeated use of nicotine on the brain?2.If 20 non-smokers suffer from heart disease, it is likely smokers have thesame disease.3.According to the passage, it can be estimated that the number of smokers under the attack ofstomach cancer is likely to that of the nonsmokers.4.What percentage of the patients who die from "smoker's cough" are non-smokers?1.It becomes physically dependant on the poisonous chemical.2.803.be twice as many as \ double4.15%(D)Special trees that grow faster, fight pollution, produce better wood, and even sense chemical attacks are being planted by scientists in the US.When 40 percent of Hawaii's US $ 14 million-a-year papaya industry was destroyed by a virus five years ago, work began on creating genetically engineered trees.Researchers successfully introduced seed that were designed to resist the virus. Since then, more and more people have been testing genetically engineered trees.Some researchers put special bacteria into trees to help them grow faster and produce better wood. Others are trying to create trees that can clean polluted soil.Meanwhile fruit farmers are looking for trees that are strong enough to resist worms, and paper companies want trees that produce more wood and therefore more paper.The Pentagon even gave the researchers US $ 500,000 this year after they developed a pine tree that changes its colours if it senses a chemical attack.So far, the poplar, eucalyptus , apple and coffee trees are among those being engineered. All this can be done today because we have a better understanding of tree genomes.However, some people fear that the genetically engineered trees will cause dangerous results. They are worried that the new trees will breed with natural species and change the balance of the forest environment."It could be destructive," said Jim Diamond, an environmentalist. "Trees are what is left of our natural environment and home to many endangered species."But researchers insist that science could give nature a fighting change against both natural and man-made dangers.They hope to answer the critics by stopping the new trees from breeding, so their effecton the environment can be controlled. W ord Bankpapaya n. 木瓜poplar 杨树eucalyptus 桉树Pentagon n. 五角大楼1. Which kind of tree is not the ones that scientists are planting in the US?A.Trees that worms can't hurt.B.Trees that can protect themselves at a chemical attack.C.Trees that can resist wind better.D.Genetically engineered trees.2. What caused the American scientists to work on special trees?A.They think science could give nature a fighting chance against both natural andman-made dangers.B.Great numbers of trees have been lost due to attacks by viruses.C.Researchers successfully introduced seeds designed to resist the virus.D.Tree genomes are mapped out so scientists know how to improve trees.3. Which of the following was probably the first kind of trees being engineered?A. Papaya.B. Pine.C. Apple.D. Poplar.4. Why did critics think engineered trees dangerous?A.Because these trees can destroy the balance of nature.B.Because everything except trees has been genetically engineered.C.Because trees are home to many endangered species.D.Because these trees may affect normal trees.CBAD(E)Most episodes of absent-mindedness—forgetting where you left something or wondering why you just entered a room—are caused by a simple lack of attention. Schacter says, "You're supposed to remember something, but you haven't encoded it deeply. "Encoding, Schacter explains, is a special way of paying attention to an event that has a major impact on recalling it later. Failure to encode properly can create annoying situations. If you put your mobile phone in a pocket, for example, and don't pay attention to what you did because you're involved in a conversation, you Ml probably forget that the phone is in the jacket now hanging in your wardrobe. "Your memory itself isn't failing you," says Schacter. "Rather, you didn't give your memory system the information it needed."Lack of interest can also lead to absent-mindedness. "A man who can recite sports statistics from 30 years ago," says Zelinski, "may not remember to drop a letter in the mailbox." Women have slightly better memories than men, possibly because they pay more attention to their environment, and memory depends on just that.clear and available," he cautions. If you want to remember to take a medication with lunch, put thepill bottle on the kitchen table—don't leave it in the medicine chest and write yourself a note that you keep in a pocket.Another common episode of absent-mindedness:walking into a room and wondering why you're there. Most likely, you were thinking about something else. "Everyone does this from time to time," says Zelinski. The best thing to do is to return to where you were before entering the room, and you'll likely remember.Word Bankepisodes. 事件，插曲encode v. 把......译成电码（密码）5. We can learn from the passage that encoding _________________ .A.slows down the process of losing our memoriesB.helps us understand our memory system betterC.gets us to recall something from our memoriesD.helps us to find out the mobile phone in thepocket6. Why do women have better memories than men?A.Because they seldom use their mobile phones.B.Because they are more nervous about the environment.C.Because they are more interested in what's happening around them.D.Because they usually take some special medicine to improve memories.7. The underlined sentence in Paragraph 4 means that____________________ .A. a note in the pocket will easily get lostB.putting something in sight can be a good reminderC.taking medicine can get rid of absent-mindednessD.people of absent-mindedness must take medicine withthem8. What is the passage mainly about?A.The causes of absent-mindedness.B.The environment and memory.C. A way of encoding and recalling.D.The process of gradual memory loss. CCBA。
牛津上海版高二年级英语第一学期话题阅读（二）literatureandart（有答案）
牛津上海版高二年级英语第一学期话题阅读（二）literatureandart（有答案）话题阅读（二）literature and art(A)A debate is spreading in Britain, from the far southern England to the northeast Scotland. The hunt is on to find a motto that sums up the nation in five words.However, there is a small problem. England, Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland are not, in fact, one nation. Britain is a union, and finding a national motto that combines that union is an almost impossible task.What bright person dreamed up this hunt for a motto? British Prime Minister Gordon Brown started the debate: he suggested is as part of a public discussion to determine "the ideals and principles that combine us together as a nation".Newspapers couldn't wait to get the game started. So they asked website readers to submit their own opinions.Some of the best included "No motto please, we're British" and "Mathematically, we could still qualify", a reference to the England football team's recent surprising performances in the European championship qualifiers.The first of these won a Times Online poll. You may wonder what it really means. The suggestion is that British people don't like to make a fuss. They would rather not go to the trouble of having a motto.However, it also suggests that Britain is a place with an established historical and cultural heritage: "We don't need a motto to sum us up and we know who we are, and we have done quite well without one for over 2,000 years, thanks."The second shows British people' s ability to make fun of themselves. The England team's failure to qualify angered a lot of people, but that doesn't mean they can't make a joke about it.The press treated the motto ideas so unkindly that it was abandoned. Yet the debate it set off. While mainly lighthearted, also has a serious side. Britain is worried it is losing its cultural identity.A large number of people arrived in Britain after World War II ? The immigrants have a different sense of identity.The question is: how can we redefine Britain to include these people, and make them feel included? This will have to involve serious changing the way communities work and the government operates. People will really have to feel like they can make a difference. Muttering a motto every now and again is not going to make that happen.W ord Bankmotto n. 格言make a fuss 烦恼poll n. 投票mutter v. 念叨A. how the UK hunts for a national mottoB. how the British people react to finding the national mottoC. how media promote the finding of the national mottoD. how a debate about finding a national motto failed10. By saying "No motto please, we're British", the website readers mean that .A. there should be some ideals and principles to tie them togetherB. they would rather not go to the trouble of having a mottoC. the England football team didn't give a surprising performance without the mottoD. the British motto is losing its cultural identity11. We can infer that the people who said "Mathematically, we could still qualify" are .A. seriousB. bitterC. pleasedD. humorous12. The writer seems to think that .A. the motto will help the immigrants to develop their sense of belongingB. the way communities work will make a difference to the mottoC. muttering a motto can't guarantee that people feel includedD. a motto can sum the UK up and help people know who they areBBDC(B)Palmistry, or the art of reading the lines on a person's hand, is thousands of years old. It probably began in ancient India.Most people expect a palmist to tell them about their future. They ask questions like:Shall I be rich and successful? Shall I be famous? Shall I have a long and happy life? They do not ask: Am I a nice person? Am I brave or shy? Am I clever? Am I careful and reliable at work?But this is really what palmistry is about.Of course, there are people who do not believe in palmistry. They call it pseudoscience. But there are other people who believe that palmistry can tell us a lot about a person's talents and personality. Using the lines and other marks on the hand, apalmist is often able to foretell something of a person's future, but only in very general terms. The first thing a professional palmist does is to study the whole hand, its size, shape and texture (Is it smooth or rough?) Next he looks at the fingers, their length and shape and their condition of the fingernails. Finally he will study the lines of the hand. It is these lines that most people want to look at and try to "read".'Clear, strong linesHand lines which are clear and strong indicate a person who is calm, good-tempered and generally contented with life. This sort of person will not get angry quickly and will be cautious about getting involved in anything out of the ordinary. At work, such a person will be careful and reliable.Small lineA lot of small lines on the hand indicate a person who is sensitive and excitable. These people are nervous, get angry quickly and get excited easily. They are often very talented, but sometimes find it difficult to settle in one job. They frequently have a number of different hobbies.The heart lineIf your heart line is strong, you are a warm and affectionate person. If it is weak, then you are probably rather cool. If you have a lot of small lines coming off the heart line, you will have plenty of romance in your life.The head lineIf your head line is strong and clear, you are intelligent and imaginative. You will probably get a good job. However, this does not necessarily mean you will be rich and successful, as other factors are involved, for example, the number of small lines and the line of fate.The life lineIf you have a long life line, you will live a long time. A shorter life line indicates a shorter life.The line of fateStudy this carefully. If it is strong and reaches as far as the middle finger, you will be successful.Word Bankpalmistry n. 手相术pseudoscience n. 迷信13. Palmistry is a kind of .A. treatmentB. fortune-tellingC. medical examinationD. high technology14. Those who believe in palmistry think that palmistry can .A. make you richB. tell whether you will have a long or short lifeC. teach you how to get a high postD. tell you how to avoid accidents15. According to the passage, .A. hand lines which are clear and strong means you are a clever personB. the strong heart line means you are cold-heartedC. a warm person has strong head lineD. a reliable person has clear strong hand lines16. Which of the following statements is NOT true?A. A romantic person may have a lot of small lines coming our of heart line.B. Not everyone believes in palmistry.C. Not everyone has the line of fate.D. A successful person may have a long line of fate.BBDC(C)1.As I travel across China, I hope to learn as much as I can about the Chinese people, your history, and your dreams for the future and I hope to help the Chinese people understand more of America's history, the lessons the American people have drawn from it, and the dreams we hold for the 21st century.2.I believe both Chinese and Americans aspire to many of the same things—to provide for our families, to teach our children, to build our communities, to protect our Earth, to shape our own futures, and pass brighter possibilities on to our children.3.There may be those here and back in America who wonder whether closer ties and deeper friendship between America and China are good. Clearly, the answer is yes. We have a powerful ability to help each other grow. We can learn much from each other. And as two great nations, we have a special responsibility to the future of the world. The steps we take over the next weekcan lead to far greater strides for our people in the years ahead.4.Here in this city of your magnificent history, we must always remember that we, too, will be ancestors. Someday our children and their children will ask if we did all we could to build just societies and a more peaceful world. Let our monument be their judgment that we did that. Let our progress include all people, with all their differences, moving toward a common destiny.5.Let us give new meaning to the words written in the ancient Book of Rites, what you call the Li Shi: When the great way is followed, all under heaven will be equal. Word BankWord Bankbilateral a. 双边的strive v. 努力CBADF(D)I've been writing for most of my life. The book Writing Without Teachers introduced me to one distinction and one practice that has helped my writing processes tremendously. The distinction is between the creative mind and the critical mind. While you need to employ both to get to a finished result, they cannot work in parallel no matter how much we might like to think so.Trying to criticize writing on the fly is possibly the single greatest barrier to writing that most of us encounter. If you are listening to that 5th grade English teacher correct your grammar while you are trying to capture a fleeting thought, the thought will die. If you capture the fleeting thought and simply share it with the world in raw form, no one is likely to understand. You must learn to create first and then criticize if you want to makewriting the tool for thinking that it is.The practice that can help you past your learned bad habits of trying to edit as you write is what Elbow calls "free writing". In free writing, the objective is to get words down on paper non-stop, usually for 15—20 minutes. No stopping, no going back, no criticizing. The goal is to get the words flowing. As the words begin to flow, the ideas will come from the shadows and let themselves be captured on your notepad or your screen.Now you have raw materials that you can begin to work with using the critical mind that you've persuaded to sit on the side and watch quietly. Most likely, you will believe that this will take more time than you actually have and you will end up staring blankly at the pages as the deadline draws near.Instead of staring at a blank start filling it with words no matter how bad. Halfway through your available time, stop and rework your raw writing into something closer to finished product. Move back and forth until you run out of time and the final result will most likely be far better than your current practices.W ord Bankfleeting adj. 稍纵即逝的criticize v. 批评1. When the author says the creative mind and the critical mind "cannot work in parallel"(Para. 1) in the writing process, he means .A.no one can be both creative and criticalB.they cannot be regarded as equally importantC.they are in constant conflict with each otherD.one cannot use them at the same timeA.putting their ideas in raw formB.attempting to edit as they writeC.ignoring grammatical soundnessD.trying to capture fleeting thoughts3. What is the chief objective of the first stage of writing?A.To organize one's thoughts logically.B.To choose an appropriate topic.C.To get one's ideas down.D.To collect raw materials.A.it overstresses the role of the creative mindB.it takes too much time to edit afterwardsC.it may bring about too much criticismD.it does not help them to think clearlyDBCB(E)I was only eight years old when the Second World War ended, but I can still remember something about the victory celebrations in the small town where I lived. We had not suffered much from the war there, though like most children of my age, I was used to seeing bombed houses in the streets and the enormous army lorries passing through. But both at home and at school I had become accustomed to the phrases "before the war" and "when the war's over". "Before the war," apparently, things had been better, though I was too young to understand why,except there had been no bombs then, and people had eaten things like ice cream and bananas, which I had only heard of. When the war was over, we would go back to London, but this meant very little to me. I did not remember what London was like.What I remember now about VE Day was the afternoon and the evening. It was a fine May day. I remember coming homeabout five o'clock. My father and mother came in about an hour later. After dinner I said I wanted to see the bonfire, so when it got dark my father took me to theend of the street. The bonfire was very high, and some people had collected some old clothes to dress the unmistakable figure with the moustache they had put on top of it. Just as we arrived, theyset light to it. The flames rose and soon covered the "guy". Everyone was cheering and shouting,and an old woman came out of her house with two chairs and threw them on the fire to keep thefire going. I stood beside my father until the fire started to go down, not knowing what to say. Hesaid nothing either. He had fought in the First World War and may have been remembering the endWord Bankbonfire n. 篝火apparently adv. 显而易见的1. Where did the narrator live before the Second World War?A. In a small town.B. In London.C. In Europe.D. In the countryside.2. The unmistakable figure with the moustache most probably represents__________________ .A.someone who died in the warB.someone who had wonC.an imaginary figureD.the most hated person in thewar—Hitler3. The narrator's father ______________.A.had fought in the Second World WarB.may have suffered much during the previous warC.helped build a bonfire on VE DayD.added something to the fire to keep it going too4. By saying " Let's hope that this time it really will be the last one", the father meant thatA.he hoped there would be no more wars in the worldB.he wished the Second World War had not happenedC.he hoped people would not build any more bonfiresD.he wished people would learn many lessons from the war BDBA。
牛津上海版高二年级英语第一学期话题阅读(二)work and career(有答案)
话题阅读（二）Work and Career(A)One of the most common questions I get asked is whether, when, and how to follow up after a job interview. Following up in some way is important. Yes, you can get a job without it, but if you're in competition with other top candidates, following up to repeat your interest when the other candidate doesn't can sometimes help you. Here's how to follow up well.Send a thank-you note immediately. E-mail is fine for this and has the advantage of arriving faster, but handwritten notes are still appreciated. And if there are multiple interviews, send a thank-you note each time.Find out their timeline. Hopefully, you asked about their timeline in the interview itself, but if you didn't, follow up within a week to reinforce your interest and politely ask what they expect their timeline for a decision to be.Be enthusiastic—but not desperate.Most commonly, job seekers are too worried about looking desperate. It doesn't look desperate to express your interest in the job or check in to ask about the timeline. However, enthusiasm does cross the line if you are calling more than once a week, calling earlier than the date they said they'd get back to you, sounding like you're eager to take any job, or appearing as if this is the only choice you have.Don't be afraid if you don't hear from them immediately. The hiring process often takes longer than a candidate would like, for all sorts of reasons — the decision makers are out of town or scheduling conflicts have delayed a final interview, and so forth. It really makes you feel nervous, but don't read too much into it.When you don't hear back after they said you would. If you're past the time they indicated you would hear something, this isn't necessarily cause for alarm. Hiring often ends up taking longer than expected. Just politely follow up, explain you're very interested but understand that hiring can take time, and ask if they have an updated timeline.13. In the passage, the author intends to tell us .A. how to follow up after an interviewB. how to send a thank-you noteC. how to take part in an interviewD. how to prepare for an interview14. According to the passage, you'd better to express your thanks after an interview.A. write a letterB. send an e-mailC. visit the companyD. buy some gifts15. From the fourth paragraph, we know that you should after a job interview.A. call more than once a week for the timelineB. call much earlier than the expected dateC. show your eagerness to take any jobD. show your interest or ask about information properly16.In which part of a newspaper does this article probably appear?A. Science.B. Education.C. Career.D. Health.13-16 ABDC（B）Aware of the worst job market in more than 25 years, many students enrolling in colleges and universities this fall are considering majors that they believe will land them stable career.Students with degrees in nursing, health care, accounting, computer, general science and engineering report the most success in finding jobs. Those with degrees in finance, journalism, graphic design, and international relations have had tougher times, liberal arts graduates also struggle.Still career experts say students should major in whatever area most interests them, even if it's a less specialized liberal arts field, such as Chinese and or sociology. In a national survey, communication, followed closely by a strong work ethic and team work skills, was rated at the most important qualities sought by employers. "Liberal arts teaches us how to learn. When we go out into the world of work, we are going to have to continue to learn," said Dan Naegeli, director of the university of North Texas career center.Texas Health Resources uses a wide range of workers at its 14 hospitals and other sites. The 18,000 employees company hires about 2000 people a year. It looks for candidates with "promise behaviors", human resource director Justin Clem said."The resume is great... Education is wonderful," Clem said. "But when we interview, we really want to look at situations they were put into the past, what actions they took, and what were the results. "Do these results really support treating other people with courtesy dignity and respect? And communicating clearly and earning people' s trust? And thinking before they act?"The company also looks for people who have record of providing service, said Janaelle Nowne, vice president of human resource. If a student mowed lawns or worked at a fast-food restaurant, she said, "the things that we would want to hear is how you attended to providing service to people that you were working with and how you were attending to the quality of the products that you have. ""Experience is always helpful, but it is not always the guarantee that person is going to get the job," she added. "We look at the behaviors and the attitude they bring in and their willingness to be a part of the team. "Lockheed Martin has all sorts of jobs in all sorts of fields. One of the skills recruiters consider is the ability to work in teams."Most of what we do is problem solving, and you get people with different kinds of skillstogether to solve the problem," said Norman Robbins, senior manager community relations. "If you are real bright but you can't get along with anybody, you' re not going to be as successful as you will be if you can work in teams."ECABF（C）Some children are natural-born bosses. They have a strong need to make decisions, manage their environment, and lead rather than follow. Stephen Jackson, a Year One student, "operates under the theory of what's mine is mine and what's yours is mine," says his mother. "The other day I bought two new Star Wars light sabers(剑). Later, I saw Stephen with the two new ones while his brother was using the beat-up ones. ""Examine the extended family, and you'll probably find a bossy grandparent, aunt, uncle or cousin in every generation. It's an inheritable trait," says Russell Barkley, a professor at the Medical University of South Carolina. Other children who may not be particularly bossy can gradually gain dominance (支配地位) when they sense their parents are weak, hesitant, or in disagreement with each other.Whether it's inborn nature or developed character at work, too much control in the hands of the young isn't healthy for children or the family. Fear is at the root of a lot of bossy behavior, says family psychologist John Taylor. Children, he says in his book From Defiance to Cooperation," have secret feelings of weakness" and "a desire to feel safe". It's the parents' role to provide that protection.When a "bossy child" doesn't learn limits at home, the stage is set for a host of troubles outside the family. The overly willful and unbending child may have trouble obeying teachers or coaches, for example, or trouble keeping friends. It can be pretty lonely as the top dog if no one likes your bossy ways." I see more and more parents giving up their power," says Barkley, who has studied bossy behavior for more than 30 years. "They bend too far because they don't want to be as strict as their own parents were. But they also feel less confident about their parenting skills. Their kids, in turn, feel more anxious. "16. Bossy children like Stephen Jackson _________________ .A. make good decisionsB. showself-centerednessC. lack care from othersD. have little senseof fear17. The study on bossy behavior implies that parents ________________ .A.should give more power to their childrenB.should be strict with their childrenC.should not be so anxious about their childrenD.should not set limits for their children18. Bossy children may probably become________________ .A. relaxedB. skillfulC. hesitantD.lonely19. What is the passage mainly about?A.How bossy behavior can be controlled.B.How we can get along with bossy children.C.What leads to children's bossy behavior.D.What effect bossy behavior brings about.Keys: BBDC（D）1.Before you argue with your boss, check with the boss's secretary to determine his mood. If he ate nails for breakfast, it is not a good idea to ask him for something. Even without the boss's secretary, there are keys to timing. : don't approach the boss when he's on deadline; don't go in right before lunch, when he is apt to be distracted and rushed; don't go in just before or after he has taken a vacation.2.If you're mad, that will only make your boss mad. Calm down first. And don't let a particular concern open the floodgates for all your accumulated frustration. The boss will feel that you think negatively about the company and it is hopeless trying to change your mind. Then, maybe he will dismiss you.3.Terrible disputes can result when neither the employer nor the employee knows what is the problem the other wants to discuss. Sometimes the fight will go away when the issues are made clear. The employee has to get his point across clearly in order to make the boss understand it.Your boss has enough on his mind without your adding more. If you can't put forward an immediate solution, at least suggest how to approach the problem. People who frequently present problems without solutions to their bosses may soon find they can' t get past the secretary.To deal effectively with a boss, it's important to consider his goals and pressures. If you can put yourself in the position of being a partner to the boss, then he will be naturally more inclined to work with you to achieve your goals.Keys: CDABE。
牛津上海版高二年级英语第一学期话题阅读(一)finance and trade(有答案)
话题阅读（一）Finance and Trade（A）Nearly everyone agrees that money doesn't buy as much as it used to, no matter where you want to spend it. This is certainly 1 of the paper money that passes so quickly through one's hands. Inflation(通货膨胀) eats away at its buying 2 with the steady appetite of waves chewing at sand cliffs. But what about coins that seem to do very little except clutter up ( 塞满) purses and pockets? Unlike notes, metal money becomes more valuable the longer it is 3 , especially if it is 4 where it won't get scratched or worn. Why is this7 One reason is that coins, being more durable, fall more readily into a category (范畴) for collectors. Naturally, the rare gold pieces must become more valuable as the price of this metal goes up.But, 5 , one of the rarest coins in the world is not made of gold, but of the relatively cheaper silver. In 1804, the United States mint (造币厂) struck 19,570 silver dollars. That is what its records show. Today only six of this 6 number remain and these are unlikely ever to reach the auction (拍卖) market. So what happened to some 19,564 large silver coins, not the easiest sort of things to lose7 One of the more romantic theories is that they were part of the 7 to Napoleon for the American territory then known as Louisiana. But they never reached France. Somewhere in the Gulf of Mexico, the ship transporting them was sunk, either by a storm or by pirates. The 8 answer to the mystery is that they were melted down since the silver value was greater than the actual value of the coin. What really happened to the rest will probably always remain a mystery. What is known is that whoever can come up with one will find himself 9 rich.1-5. B H A G C 6-9. DFEI（B）Several European countries are encouraging the 1 of high-tech companies as a way to 2 jobs and reduce the extremely high unemployment 3 in European Union. But that might not be the answer. Sauli Niinisto, Deputy Prime Minister for Finland, says that not all Europeans are equipped for the 4 in the Information Technology sector." What seems to be the problem is that those 5 in Europe are not people who could open the door of an IT company. But it seems that those people are more, the 6 to get a job for them are more in low sectors, especially on the service side. "Mr. Niinisto says that perhaps Europeans should 7 how the high-tech industry is spurring （激励) 8 growth in the United States. " It seems that we have to look at a 9 in Europe and ask ourselves what is the differencebetween a European and American person because there are difference. And I believe that every 10 is going well or bad, depending on how its middle class is 11 .In Europe, we see the middle class not actually being quite 12 with its circumstances. But, they have 13 a lot and you don't find so much, let's say 'fighting spirits' than in the USA." 14 , Finland' s Deputy Prime Minister says that Europeans should encourage 15 entrepreneurial (企业家）efforts.1. A.expand B.developing C.growth D.progress2. A.invent B.produce C.manufacture D.create3. A.speed B.proportion C.rate D.percent4. A.career B.fate C.position D.condition5. A.employed B.unemployed C.unhired D.unrented6. A.possibilities B.challenges C.probabilities D.chains7. A.imitate B.invest C.investigate D.migrate8. A.economy B.economic C.economical D.economics9. A.mirror B.reflection C.minority D.majority10. A.society munity C.association D.province11. A.working B.inhabiting C.behaving D.admiring12. A.satisfied B.surprised C.thrilled D.suspected13. A.achieved B.retained C.maintained D.possessed14. A.In general B.In all C.In particular D.In brief15. A.individual B.particular C.special D.especial1-5. CDCAB 6-10. AABAA 11-15. CAACA（C）Brazil has become one of the developing world' s great successes in reducing population growth—but more by accident than design. While countries such as India have made joint efforts to reduce birth rate, Brazil has had a better result without really trying, says George Martine at Harvard.Brazil's population growth rate has dropped from 2.99% a year between 1951 and 1960 to 1.93% a year between 1981 and 1990, and Brazilian women now have only 2. 7 children on average. Marine says this figure may have fallen still further since 1990, an achievement that makes many other Third World countries jealous.Marine puts it down to, among other things, soap opera and installment plans introduced in the 1970s. Both played an important, although indirect, role in lowering the birth rate. Brazil is one of the world's biggest producers of soap operas. Globo, Brazil's most popular television network, shows three hours of soaps six nights a week, while three others show at least one hour a night. Most soap operas are based on wealthy characters living the high life in big cities."Although they have never really tried to work in a message towards the problems of reproduction, they describe middle and upper class values—not many children, woman working," says Marine. "They sent this image to all parts of Brazil and made people conscious of other patterns of behavior and other values, which were put into a very attractive package."Meanwhile, the installment plans tried to encourage the poor to become consumers. "This led to an enormous change in consumption patterns and consumption was incompatible with unlimited reproduction," says Marine.Word Bankinstallment n. 分期付款incompatible adj. 不相容的reproduction n. 繁殖1. According to the passage, Brazil has cut back its population growth.A. by chanceB. by educating its citizensC. by careful family planningD. by developing TV programsA. compares it toB. owes it toC. sums it up asD. finds it a reason forA. they keep people sitting long hours watching TVB. they have gradually changed people's way of lifeC. people are drawn to their attractive packageD. they make birth control measures popular4. What is Marine's conclusion about Brazil's population growth?A. The increase in birth rate will promote consumption.B. The desire for consumption helps to reduce birth rate.C. A country's production is limited by its population growth.D. Consumption patterns are contrary to reproduction patterns.1-4. ABBB（D）Adam Smith, writing in the 1770s, was the first person to see the importance of the division of labor and to explain part of its advantage. He gives as an example the process by which pins were made in England."One man draws out the wire, another strengthens it, a third cuts it, a fourth points it, a fifth grinds it at the top to prepare it to receive the head. To make the head requires two or three distinct operations. To put it on is a separate operation, to polish the pins is another. And the important business of making pins is, in this manner, divided into about 18 distinct operations, which in some factories are all performed by different people, though in others the same man will sometimes perform two or three of them. "Ten men, smith said, in this way, turned out 12 pounds of pins a day or about 4,800 pins a piece. But if all of them had worked separately and independently without division of labor, they certainly could not each of them have made 20 pins in a day and perhaps not even one.There can be no doubt that division of labor is an efficient way of organizing work. Fewer people can make more pins. Adam Smith saw this but he also took it for granted that division of labor is in itself responsible for economic growth and development and that it accounts for the difference between expanding economies and those that stand still. But division of labor addsnothing new; it only enables people to produce more of what they a/ready have.Word Bankpin n. 别针take for granted 想当然A. enabled each worker to make pins more quickly and more cheaplyB. increased the possible output per workerC. increased the number of people employed in factoriesD. improved the quality of pins producedA. show the advantage of the division of laborB. show the advantage of the old craft systemC. emphasize how powerful the individual worker wasD. emphasize the importance of increased production7. According to the writer, Adam Smith's mistake was in believing that division of labor______________ .A. was an efficient way of organizing workB. was an important development in methods of productionC. inevitably led to economic developmentD. increased the production of existing goods8. Which of the following could serve as an appropriate title for the passage?A. Adam Smith, the English Economist.B. The Theory of Division of Labor.C. Division of Labor, an Efficient Way of Organizing Work.D. Adam Smith as the Discoverer of Division of Labor.5-8. BACC（E）An increase in students applying to study economics at university is being attributed to the global economic crisis awakening a public thirst for knowledge about how the financial system works.Applications for degree courses beginning this autumn were up by 15% this January, according to the Universities and Colleges Admissions Service (UCAS). A spokesman for the Royal Economic Society said applications to do economics at A-level were also up.Professor John Beath, the president of the society and a leading lecturer at St. Andrews University, said his first-year lectures which were open to students from all departments— were drawing crowds of 400, rather than the usual 250."There are a large number of students who are not economics majors, who would like to learn something about it. One of the things I have done this year is to relate my teaching to contemporary events in a way that one hasn't traditionally done," he added.University applications rose 7% last year. But there were rises above average in several subjects.Nursing saw a 15% jump, with people's renewed interest in career in the public sector, which are seen as more secure in economic crisis.A recent study showed almost two thirds of parents believed schools should do more to teach pupils about financial matters, and almost half said their children had asked them what was going on, although a minority of parents felt they did not understand it themselves well enough to explain.Zack Hocking, the head of Child Trust Funds, said, "It's possible that one good thing to arise from the downturn will be a generation that's financially wiser and better equipped to manage their money through times of economic uncertainty. "Word Bankattributed to 归因于sector n. 部门contemporary adj.当代的9. Professor John Beath's lectures are .A. given in a traditional wayB. connected with the present situationC. open to both students and their parentsD. warmly received by economicsA. greater stabilityB. higher payC. fewer applicationsD. better reputation11. According to Hocking, the global economic crisis might make the youngstersA.wiser in money managementB. have access to better equipmentC. confide about their future careersD. get jobs in Child Trust Funds12. What's the main idea of the text?A. Universities have received more applications.B. Economics is attracting an increasing number of students.C. College students benefit a lot from economic uncertainty.D. Parents are concerned with children's subject selection.9-12. BAAB。
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话题阅读（一）Society and Life（A）Christine Yu is single and successful. A senior auditor with a large company, Yu __1her free time practicing English at a language club and dancing. She does not spend her free time trying to find the 2 man.At 29, Yu is part of a new generation of young urban Chinese women, who say they have more choices than their mothers did when it 3 to education, careers and, especially, marriage.For centuries, Chinese women were expected to 4 themselves to their families and husbands, but that attitude is 5 fast. In a 2004 survey by the Asian Women' s Forum and the Women' s Studies Center at Peking University, saying that 45.3% of women did not think they should have to give up a career for a family life.China now boasts a generation of educated career women. Nearly three-quarters of Chinesewomen want to be financially 6 , a survey found last year.1-5. IJFEH 6-9. ABGC（B）Until recently, most population growth has occurred in relatively crowded cities. In other words, _1 we found rapid population growth, that would not mean that the 2 were filled with people.Historically, we find that people have moved to 3 the jobs were. Jobs were usually in ports or places with many natural resources. After transportation became relatively 4 , other places became 5 of economic activity. One factor that determines where people will move to, even when transportation becomes cheap, is 6 . And peopleworking in cities 7 higher incomes than those working in the countryside. So population has begun until the 1970s to _8in our major urban centers. If people did not9 from living in large cities, there would likely be a much more population distribution throughout our entire land area. Probably, if this were the K), there would be 11 concern over population explosion. Indeed, one need only to arrange a cross-country drive or plane trip to 12 how sparsely(稀疏的) populated the United States really are. This is 13 that we should or should not do something about population growth. The shortage of 14 in certain areas shows that overpopulation in the United States is really only a problem in overcrowded 15 .And this problem may be slowly corrected by itself.1. A.even B.before C.even if D.after2. A.towns B.countryside C.cities D.farms3. A.where B.there C.what D.how4. A.dear B.cheap C.difficult D.tired5. A.channels B.routes C.sources D.centers6. A.profit B.time C.income D.housing7. A.earn B.gain C.win D.obtain8. A.move B.increase C.find D.drop9. A.go away B.get C.develop D.benefit10. A.thing B.case C.time D. place11. A.no B.again C.less D.more12. A.remember B.think C.work D.realize13. A.to say B.not to say C.what D.something14. A.people B.material C.money D.time15. A.states B.countryside C.cities D.continents1-5. CBABD 6-10. CABDB 11-15. CDBAC（C）City traffic is a great problem. More cars are produced every year and the streets are gettingmore and more crowded. So during "rush hour", when people are going to or from their work, traffic is brought to a standstill. It has been suggested that commuters should share their cars and give each other lifts. So each car would carry four or five people instead of only one. It is an excellent idea, however, so far nobody has been able to think of a way to compel people to do so.To discourage motorists from leaving their cars in the streets all day, parking meters are used. When you park at a meter, you must put a coin in the slot. This pays for a certain amount of time. The meter records this and it shows when the time that you have paid for is finished. If the car is still there then, you have to pay a fine.Traffic wardens look after the meters. They walk around the streets and check that every meter shows that money has been paid for the car parked there. If a meter registers "Time expired", the motorist who has left his car there is fined. Of course, the traffic warden cannot wait for the owner of the car to return. He carries a block of printed forms, and on one of these he writes down all the details, such as the registration number of the car, where it is parked, how much the driver must pay and where he must send the money. He leaves this form on the car where the driver will be able to see it easily; he usually pushes it under one of the windscreen wipers so that it will not blow away. And in case it rains before the motorist returns the form is put in a little plastic envelope to protect it. When the driver comes back, he gets an unpleasant surprise, but it is his own fault for leaving his car too long at a parking meter.Word Bankcompel v 强迫expire v 时间已到registration number n. 注册车牌parking meter 计量器warden n. 监管人1. The underlined word "standstill" means_____________________ .A. rushB. stopC. adventureD. struggle2. Which detail is not written on the printed form?A. Registration number of the car.B. The place where the car is parked.C. The name of the car owner.D. The place to pay the fine.3. Which is not true about the parking meters?A. People can put coins into it.B. It keeps a record of the time when drivers park their car.C. It shows people when they have to drive away the cars.D. It warns the drivers ten minutes before the time limit.4. What's the advantage of using parking meters in the streets?A. It makes it possible that everyone has a place to park his car.B. It discourages motorists from parking cars for too long a time.C. It saves labor because traffic wardens are no longer needed.D. It keeps a record of time and drivers can put the parking fine into it.1-4. BCDB（D）A picture, a calendar or even a balloon may be the best way for million of people living in China's vast country areas to learn about AIDS, one of the biggest threats to public health in the world today.China has decided to use user-friendly methods including exhibitions, VCDS and TV programmes to spread knowledge of the disease across the nation to try to keep it in check. Educating people nationwide about AIDS is the top priority to prevent the disease from getting out of hand. The farmers will be given knowledge in the easiest way that they can understand.A recent survey from the commission of more than 7,000 people in China showed that nearly20 percent of them had never heard of AIDS before. Just over 71 percent said they knew AIDS was highly infectious , but most of them had no clear idea of how the disease could be spread. Just over 62 percent said they knew they could do things in advance to prevent them catching AIDS but they didn't know what these measures were.The month-long survey, carried out last December, talked to people in seven counties and cities across China including both developed coastal areas and the less-developed inland areas. The interviewees changed from 15 to 49 years old, and country residents were about 63% of the total surveyed.Chinese residents, especially those in the country, have very little knowledge about that AIDS is all about, not to mention prevention and treatment. By the end of last year, there were 22, 517known HIV/AIDS cases in China. However, more than 6,000,000 people in China have been infected.Since 1985, China has discovered 880 patients with AIDS—466 of them have died. Sharing needles, complicated sex relations and contaminated blood transfusions are major ways for HIV to spread. A lack of education has been the biggest difficulty against nationwide efforts to prevent AIDS, especially in the countryside.Word Bankpriority n. 优优优infectious adj. 优优优commission n. 优优优contaminated adj. 优优优5. The author 's purpose in writing the passage is to.A. show his concern about the health of peopleB. make people know about AIDSC. call on people to fight against AIDSD. tell us people are short of the knowledge of AIDS6. The greatest difficulty against the nationwide effort to prevent AIDS lies inA. misunderstanding of peopleB. the shortage of moneyC. its infectionD. lack of education7. "Since 1985, China has discovered 880 patients with AIDS—466 of them had died. " Do you know why?A. Because their families refused to cure them.B. Because they had been in low spirits for a long time.C. Because there weren't enough effective measures to treat AIDS.D. Because they couldn't lead a normal life like other healthy people.8. It is judged that there are people hit by AIDS in China at present.A. 22,527B. over 6,000,000C. 880D. over 7,0005-8. CDVB（E）The flat, at the top of a huge tower block in a northern suburb of London, was empty. It had been vacant for a long time, a year or eighteen months perhaps. The landlord was living abroad, it seemed. The staircase creaked, the dust flew up in clouds from the worn carpet and rainwater dripped from a hole in the ceiling on to the floorboards below. Both windows on the landing were cracked and curtainless. The light worked but there was no shade and electric wire black with spider webs.Very carefully they inspected the rooms. All were empty. There were two ancient leather armchairs in one, together with an old oak table, covered with dust, and an enormous double-bed in the front room—too large, probably to go through the door. All over the floor lay pieces of newspaper, broken canvases, coat hangers and other grubby oddments."What do you think?" asked the man. He was about twenty years old, unshaven, wearing a thick sweater, jeans and muddy boots."It's better than nothing," answered the girl. She was carrying a small child wrapped in a blanket. She herself wore a loose coat and a long skirt that touched the floor."We can clean it up," the man said. "That hole in the ceiling will need repairing but that's about all. A coat of paint and a few rolls of wallpaper will cover up the cracks. "They had taken over the flat because they needed a home and could not, at that time, afford to buy one. Being on the city's housing waiting list hadn't helped much either. Now they would live in this flat until they found something else—somewhere to bring up a family in.Word Bankcreak v. 吱吱嘎嘎作响9. According to the passage, the underlined part "grubby oddments" (Para. 2) most probably means " ".A. dirty bits and piecesB. current issues of magazinesC. fashionable carpetsD. fresh milk10. The appearance of the man could best be described as.A. charmingB. seriousC. casualD. handsome11. When he says "but that's about all" (Para. 5), the man means "".A. but there is little else that needs repairingB. but that is just a beginningC. but there are repair jobs to be done everywhereD. but there are holes all over the ceiling12. What could be said about their previous efforts to obtain accommodation?A. They had just waited for something to happen without doing anything to help themselves.B. They had already put their names on a local authority housing list.C. They had not attempted to save money in order to buy a home of their own.D. They liked moving house frequently and did not want to settle down.9-12. ACAB。